Post on 02-Mar-2018
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Chapter 10
Coordinate Systems andGPS Site Calibration Theory
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GPS Site Calibration
WGS84 NEE
Consists of a horizontal and/or vertical
adjstmentCan be sed to compte datm
transformations
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Calibration Process
!atm Transformation !efine Projection
"orizontal #djstment
Geoid $odel %optional& 'ertical #djstment
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!atm Transformation
WGS-84 Local
(sally pblished parameters
T)o basic types*
3 Parameter7 Parameter
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+ vs, - Parameter
+ Parameter
Small Scale Projects
- Parameter
.are Scale Projects
#reas 100 m2
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Calibration Process
!atm Transformation !efine Projection
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!efine Projection
Local NEE
$appin projections are sed to
represent positions on the crved srfaceof the earth as points on a flatsrface or
plane,
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Plane Coordinate Systems
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Types of Plane Systems
Plane
Ellipsoid
Tanent Plane.ocal Plane
Point of
3riin
4ntersectin CylinderTransverse $ercator
#5is of
Ellipsoid
Ellipsoid
#5is of
Cylinder
.ine of
intersection
#pe5 of
Cone
4ntersectin Cone
2 Parallel .ambert
#5is of Cone6 Ellipsoid
Ellipsoid
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Calibration Process
!atm Transformation !efine Projection
"orizontal #djstment
RotationTranslation
Scale
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"orizontal #djstment
#t least + horizontal control points are re7ired5 points are recommended
8 GPS observation8 Control Point
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9otation
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Translation
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Scale
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"orizontal 9esidals
9esid
al
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Calibration Process
!atm Transformation !efine Projection
"orizontal #djstment
Geoid $odel %optional&
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The Geoid
NN
N
e ee
h hh
Earth:s
Srfa
ce
Ellips
oid
Geoid
e 8 3rthometric "eihth 8 Ellipsoid "eiht
N 8 Geoid "eiht
e 8 h ; N
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The Geoid $odel
Geoid
e
# ridded srface that appro5imates the eoid
Some poplar eoid models*
EGM 96 Glo!al"
Geoid 99 #S$"
%ari!97 %ari!e"
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Calibration Process
!atm Transformation !efine Projection
"orizontal #djstment
Geoid $odel %optional& 'ertical #djstment
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'ertical #djstment
#t least < vertical control points are re7ired5 points are recommended
N
NN
e ee
" "
"
Earth
:sS
rface
Ellips
oid
Geoid
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'ertical #dj, %No Geoid $odel&
Earth:s Srface
" "
" ""
e
e
ee
e
NNNN
N
4nclined Plane
"
NE
NE8 estimated eoid heiht
eE
eE8 " ; NE
Ellipsoid
Geoid
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'ertical 9esidalsEarth:s Srface
""
" " "
eh
hh
h
NNNN
N
4nclined Plane
Ellipsoid
Geoid
N
Geoid
4nclinedPlan
e
9esidal
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'ertical #dj, %)ith Geoid $odel&
Earth:s Srface
""
" ""
e
e
e e e
NNNN
N
Geoid $odel
Ellipsoid
GeoidNmNm
NmNm Nm
Nm8 modeled eoid heiht
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$odelin Errors
Earth:s Srface
""
" ""
e
e
eh
h
NNNN
N
Geoid $odel
Ellipsoid
GeoidNmNm
NmNm Nm
Geoid$odel
Geoid
NNm
N
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4nclined Plane
NNNN
N
Geoid $odel
Ellipsoid
GeoidNmNm
NmNm Nm
4nclinedPlane
N=
;
9esidal
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'ertical #dj, %)ith Geoid $odel&
Earth:s Srface
""
" ""
e
e
e e e
NNNN
N
Geoid $odel
Ellipsoid
GeoidNm
NmNm
Nm Nm
N
"
Nm
NC8 Geoid $odel Correction
eE
eE8 " ; Nm; NC
4nclinedPlane
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Calibration Process >lo)chart
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?estions @