ASPIRIN

BY :YUSUR ALANI 500315002

Aspirin

WHAT IS ASPIRIN

Aspirin is an ester Alcohol+acid +ester Aspirin is the common name for

(ASA)acetylsalicylic acid and belongs to a group of drugs called salicylate it is a:

White, crystalline, weakly acidic substance.

Definition aspirin is a medicine that

relieves pain and reduces fever.

Europe in 1899. German chemist named Felix

Hoffman as a treatment for his fathers arthritis.

History Hippocrates prescribes the bark and leaves of the willow tree to relive pain and fever

Medicines containing derivatives of salicylic acid .

Aspirin s popularity declined after the release of paracetamol (acetaminophen) in 1956 ibuprofen in 1969

purpose Aspirin is still used to relieve

many kinds of minor aches and pains headaches .

Toothaches. Muscle pain. Menstrual cramps. Joint pains associated with

arthritis.

• Reduces heart attacks and strokes

Prevention of HIV replication

Veterinary uses Aspirin has been used to treat

pain and arthritis in veterinary medicine .

In dogs Horses have also been given

aspirin for pain relief . Aspirin should only be used in

animals under the direct supervision of a veterinarian.

Aspirin is NOT advised for some groups without medical advice :

Children under 16 Asthmatics Women in the last trimester of pregnancy Heavy alcohol drinkers People with bleeding disorders.

Physical propertiesBoiling point 140c

Melting point 135c

Specific

gravity 1.35

Solubility in

water 3 mg/ml

Odorlesscolorless

Molecular mass

180.157 g/mol

Disadvantages

Upset stomach . lose of appetite. Fever. Thirst. liver damage . Sneezing and blurriness in the eye.

What is the relationship between aspirin and plant?

Plants produce salicylic acid , and it makes sense how aspirin helps plants, because aspirin is so similar to salicylic acid (which naturally is a process that occurs in plants)

adding dissolved aspirin to plants can cause the same immune response as an infection ,intentionally triggering the plant to strengthen itself

How aspirin produce? Raw Materials The Manufacturing

Process1.Weighing2.Mixing3.Dry screening4.Compression5.Testing6. Bottling and packaging

Raw Materials: To produce hard aspirin tablets, corn starch and water

are added to the active ingredient (acetylsalicylic acid) to serve as both a binding agent and filler, along with a lubricant.

lubricant is added during mixing (hydrogenated vegetable oil, stearic acid, talc, or aluminum stearate).

aspirin tablets contain different diluents, such as mannitol, lactose, sorbitol, sucrose

( which allow the tablet to dissolve at a faster rate and give the drug a pleasant taste)

The Manufacturing Process

Aspirin tablets are manufactured in different shapes. Their weight, size, thickness, and hardness the tablets may be flat, round, concave, or convex to various degrees. The tablets may also have a line scored down the middle of the outer surface.

Weighing

The corn starch and the lubricant are weighed separately in sterile canisters to determine .

Mixing

By machine called a Glen Mixer Mixing blends the ingredients as well as expels air from the mixture. mechanically separated into units its called slugs.

Dry screening

small batches of slugs are forced through a mesh screen by a hand-held stainless steel spatula

Compression This drawing illustrates the principle of compression in a single-punch machine. First, the aspirin mixture is fed into a dye cavity. Then, a steel punch descends into the cavity and compresses the mixture into a tablet. As the punch retracts, another punch below the cavity rises to eject the tablet

Testing see Quality Control section below

Bottling and packaging The tablets are transferred to bottling assembly line dispensed into clear or color-coated polyethylene or polypropylene

plastic bottles or glass topped with cotton packing, sealed with a sheer aluminum top serves as an additional seal to discourage and detect product tampering. labeled with product information , expiration date , then packaged in individual cardboard boxes. then boxed in larger cardboard boxes in preparation for distribution to distributors.

Finished aspirin tablets

References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin http://

www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1082-3/aspirin-oral/aspirin-oral/details

https://www.google.com.tr/search?q=aspirin&safe=active&biw=1366&bih=673&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiahs2b8dDJAhWJchQKHZH-CKcQsAQIPw&dpr=1

Thank you