2_nepal Dairy Pvt Vv

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Contents

1.INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................3

1.1 Objectives of the company........................................................................................41.2 State!y fo f"t"e opeation......................................................................................4

1.3 #o$"ct pofi%e...........................................................................................................&1.4 O!ani'ation...............................................................................................................&

1.& (ana!ement..............................................................................................................&

1.) O!anisation chat......................................................................................................)1.* +aci%ities to ,o-es...................................................................................................)

1. Capita% investment.....................................................................................................*

1./ 0"i%$in!....................................................................................................................*1.1 (eas"es a!ainst +ie Infestation an$ Othe a'a$s.........................................1

1.11Sec"ity (eas"es...................................................................................................1

1.12 System of Re5"isition 6c5"isition Reco$in! an$ Re!"%ation of Inventoies....12. #RODUCT INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................112.1 #6ST7URI87D (I9:...........................................................................................11

2.1.1 Objectives of paste"i'ation..................................................................................11

2.1.2 #o$"ct #ofi%e......................................................................................................122.1.3 (an"fact"in! Detai%s..........................................................................................12

2.2 CR76(..................................................................................................................1&

2.2.1 N"titive va%"e of Ceam......................................................................................1)2.2.3 (an"fact"in! Detai%s..........................................................................................1)

2.3 0UTT7R.................................................................................................................1*

2.3.1 N"titive va%"e of 0"tte.......................................................................................1*

2.3.3 (an"fact"in! Detai%s..........................................................................................12.3.4 S#7CI+IC6TION O+ CR76( +OR (6:IN; 0UTT7R.................................1/

2.4.1 N"titive va%"e of ;hee........................................................................................2

2.4.3 (an"fact"in! Detai%s..........................................................................................22.& D6I......................................................................................................................22

2.&.1 N"titive va%"e of Dahi.........................................................................................23

2.&.2 6bo"t +ee'e Die$ C"%t"e.................................................................................232.&.3 #o$"ct Desciption..............................................................................................24

2.&.4 (an"fact"in! Detai%s..........................................................................................24

2.&.& S#7CI+IC6TION O+ D6I CU9TUR7 CR76(..........................................................................................................31

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2..4 S#7CI+IC6TIONS O+ INCO(IN; R6? (6T7RI69S +OR IC7>CR76(. 34

2./ COCO06R..........................................................................................................4

2./.2 (an"fact"in! Detai%s..........................................................................................42.1 :U9+I..................................................................................................................41

2.11 (6@OR S?77TS................................................................................................43

2.11.1 Rasbai................................................................................................................432.11.2 9a%mohan............................................................................................................4&

2.11.4 0afi....................................................................................................................4*

2.11.& :a%ajam"n...........................................................................................................4/2.11.) 0"niya %a$$".......................................................................................................&

2.11.* S#7CI+IC6TION +OR IN;R7DI7NT US7D IN S?77TS...........................&1

3.. IN 9IN7 AU69ITB CONTRO9.................................................................................&33.1 Stan$a$ (i%- #o$"ction 9ine...............................................................................&3

3.2 0"tte #o$"ction 9ine............................................................................................&3

3.3 9ab A"a%ity Conto%.................................................................................................&3

3.4 Tests on a, mateia%s............................................................................................&4

3.& Test on finishe$ po$"ct..........................................................................................&&3.). S#7CI+IC6TIONS +OR C7(IC69S ..........................................................&)

&.(6R:7TIN;...............................................................................................................)3).2 CI# +%o, Chat........................................................................................................))

).3 S#7CI+IC6TION O+ D6IRB ?6T7R.................................................................)

*. UTI9ITB S7CTION......................................................................................................)*.1 Refi!eation System...............................................................................................)

*.2 0oi%e.......................................................................................................................)/

. #96NT NUTRITION..................................................................................................)/

/. R D............................................................................................................................*1.CONC9USION...........................................................................................................*

11.R7CO((7ND6TIONS.............................................................................................*

14.6NN7 I......................................................................................................................*46NN7 II.........................................................................................................................1

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NEPAL DAIRY PVT.LTD

1.INTRODUCTION

Nepa% Daiy #vt. 9t$. is the pionee $aiy in pivate secto of Nepa% ,hich ,as state$ as

a cotta!e $aiy in the b"sy (ahabo"$ha Steet in 1/*/ by a !o"p of entepene"s. The

$aiy ,as set "p as a pivate %imite$ an$ e!istee$ in the Company Re!istaEs Office of

Nepa% an$ emains so to this $ay eFcept it is !ettin! moe pop"%a ,ith its aconym n$Es.

It opeate$ its b"siness in a mo$est ,ay ,ith yo!"t in a c%ay pots. Since its inception it

has been !o,in! stea$i%y an$ boa$enin! the c"stome base. To$ay Nepa% Daiy is

!o,in! faste than eve anticipate$ beca"se of its -een inteest in cons"mesGsatisfaction.

Nepa% Daiy to$ay has been ma-in! the finest 5"a%ity Daiy #o$"cts. It has been

enjoyin! a ,e%%>estab%ishe$ ep"tation of HThe Ceam of DaiyH. ?hat appeciates it most

is its s-i%% in $ivesification to vaio"s $aiy base$ po$"cts acco$in! to the cons"mesE

taste %i-e pi''as ca-es pasties s,eets an$ fast foo$s. It has $e$icate$ its b"siness to the

"a% mi%- po$"ces an$ "ban mi%- cons"mes of :athman$". It safe!"a$s the inteest

of the "a% mi%- po$"ces by povi$in! hi!h%y competitive pice an$ is committe$ to

povi$in! the hi!hest 5"a%ity po$"ct to cons"mesG at the most easonab%e cost.

Nepa% Daiy means moe than j"st mi%- Hit means bein! a %ea$e in innovation an$

5"a%ity an$ is fim%y committe$ to contin"o"s%y a$optin! ,o%$ c%ass stan$a$s in the

pocessin! of 5"a%ity $aiy po$"ctsH. NDGs is fim%y committe$ to be the ma-et %ea$e

in pocessin! an$ $istib"tion of $aiy po$"cts in Nepa%. ?ith s"ch commitment itGs no

,on$e that n$Gs has become H7veybo$yEs +avoiteH

Ove the yeas the n"mbe of mi%- po$"ces has isen fom ao"n$ 4 to & to$ay. Thisis $"e to hi!he $eman$ of n$Es po$"ct in the ma-et p%ace. In fact to$ay the mi%- is

%a!e%y po$"ce$ fom the same past"es as it ,as in the be!innin!. (i%- co%%ecto

fames to$ay bin! mi%- as fa as 2* -m in the o"!e$ teain.

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Nepa% Daiy foc"ses on investments in $aiy an$ foo$ in$"sty t,o of the %a!est most

api$%y>!o,in! ma-ets of the nationa% economy.

1.1 Objectives of the company

The main objectives of the company ae as fo%%o,s

1. To povi$e a !"aantee$ ma-et fo mi%- to the "a% mi%- po$"cin! fames ,ith

fai pice.

2. To s"pp%y paste"i'e$ mi%- an$ mi%- po$"cts to "ban cons"mes.

3. To $eve%op o!ani'e$ mi%- co%%ection system to meet inceasin! $eman$ fo

paste"i'e$ mi%- an$ mi%- po$"cts.

4. To $eve%op an o!ani'e$ ma-etin! system fo mi%- an$ mi%- po$"cts in "ban aeas.

&. To $ivesify the po$"cts an$ foc"s on c"stome satisfaction.

1. !t"ate#y fo" f$t$"e ope"ation

Nepa% Daiy foc"ses on investments in $aiy an$ foo$ in$"sty t,o of the %a!est

most api$%y>!o,in! an$ f"n$amenta% ma-ets of the nationa% economy. Nepa% Daiy

is hi!h%y committe$ to the cons"meEs sevices an$ satisfaction ,hi%e t"%y sevin!

poo fames at the othe en$ in consonance ,ith the povety a%%eviation po!am of

the pioiti'e$ $eve%opment #%an. To achieve its objective it has $eve%ope$ a siF po%on!e$ state!y fo f"t"e opeation.

• Divesification of the pesent $aiy b"siness to,a$s $aiy base$ ba-ey an$ fast

foo$ an$ to cons"me $aiy po$"cts as a, mateia%s in those in$"sties.

• Innovation of moe va%"e a$$e$ po$"cts acco$in! to the chan!in! taste of

"pcomin! !eneation.

• Specia%i'ation an$ pofessiona%i'ation in the po$"ct pocessin! man"fact"in!

pac-a!in! an$ in ma-etin! of the po$"cts.

• Up$atin! on infomation techno%o!y to -eep tac- of RD sche$"%in!

acco"ntin! an$ c"stome infomation.

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• Impovement in po$"ction efficiency e$"cin! %ea-a!es ,asta!es an$ othe

opeationa% costs.

• Deve%opment of bac-,a$ %in-a!es to the po$"ction sites !eneatin!

oppot"nities an$ income to the fames an$ fo,a$ %in-a!es fom po$"ction

centes ceatin! sevice faci%ities to the cons"mes at vaio"s %ocations of Nepa%.

1.% P"o&$ct p"ofi'e

Nepa% Daiy #vt. 9t$. is the pi$e of the nation an$ %ea$in! man"fact"e of vaio"s

po$"cts %i-e paste"i'e$ mi%- ice ceam yo!h"t chocoba ceam mo''ae%%a cheese

panee !hee b"tte an$ $iffeent s,eets %i-e %a%mon asbai pe$a bafi %a$$" nim-i

f"an$ana !"n$pa- an$ many othe.

1.( O"#ani)ation

The 7Fec"tive Committee of Nepa% Daiy #vt. 9t$. consists of membes fom $iffeent

fie%$s an$ most of them ae fome entepene"s ,ho -no,s ,hat it ta-es to b"i%$ a

s"ccessf"% b"siness.

Team Responsibi'ity

D. eamba 0aha$" Rajbhan$ay 7Fec"tive Chaiman(. @yoti 0h"san #a$han 0oa$ of Diectos

(. 6ni-o Rajbhan$ay

(. S,a!a (. S. Shestha

0oa$ of Diectos

0oa$ of Diectos

(. U$$hav 6$hi-ai 0oa$ of Diectos

(. S"ni% Rajbhan$ay 0oa$ of Diectos

1.* +ana#ement

O!ani'ation name Nepa% $aiy #vt. 9t$

6$$ess Dhapa-he% 9a%itp"

7stab%ishe$ yea 1/*/ 6.D.

Nat"e of o,neship #ivate

Tota% n"mbe of emp%oyes /3

Unioni'e$ o non>"nioni'e$ Non>Unioni'e$

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1.7 apita' investment

a8 0i-e& assets 4 Rs )

b8 Ope"ationa' cost 4 Rs 1 Ann$a' t$"nove" 4 Rs. )

Note +iFe$ assets have been a%%ocate$ in the hea$in!s office !oo$s %an$ estab%ishe$

b"i%$in! f"nit"e tanspotationvehic%es misce%%aneo"s factoy !oo$s machines etc.

Dai"y P"o&$ct !a'es fo" 0isca' Yea" 997:9; to 99;:19

!.N. P"o&$cts $nits !a'es of

fisca' yea"997:9;

ont"ib$tion

<

!a'es of

fisca'yea"99;:19

ont"ib$tion<

1. Ice ceam 9t 3* 1*. 43 2.*

2. #aste"i'e$

mi%-

9t 12 &&. 1 4.1

3. Specia% c"$ 9t & 23. &3 2&.&

4. #%ain c"$ 9t 44 2. 3* 1.&

&. Ceam 9t 1) .*3 21 1.

). b"tte -! /* .44 * .4

*. #anee -! 24 1. 2* 1.3

. (o''ae%%a

cheese

-! 1 .4& 1& .*2

/. :anchan

cheese

-! &1 .23 &4 .2)

1. ;hee 9t 4/ .22 1224 .)

1.; =$i'&in#4

Location an& s$""o$n&in#4 Dhapa-he% 9a%itp"

Tota' a"ea4 / opanies

P'ant a"ea4 3 opanies

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P'ant 'ayo$t4


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INDE>

1. (i%- eception %ab 3). Jac""m pac-a!in! machine

2. (i%- eception vat 3*. Jac""m pac-a!in! machine3. #%at eat 7Fchan!e 3.Sea%in! machine

4. ?ei!hin! 0a%ance 3/. Deep +ee'e

&. Stoe oom 4. CaC%2 so%"tion tan- ). Stais 41. CI# "nit


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1.19 +eas$"es a#ainst 0i"e? Infestation an& Othe" @a)a"&s4

+ie eFtin!"ishes ae p%ace$ a $iffeent accessib%e p%aces ,ithin the factoy an$

its pemises.

Thee is an "n$e!o"n$ esevoi tan- of & %t capacity ,hich co"%$ be "se$

in case of fie.

San$ b"c-ets ae p%ace$ nea the "ti%ity section.

Since the mi%- f%o,s tho"!h stain%ess stee% pipes fom the be!innin! of

pocessin! to the en$ thee is no chance of a, mateia% bein! infeste$. Stoes ae

a%so ,e%% maintaine$ an$ s"itab%e tempeat"e is a%,ays maintaine$.

The ,o-es ae ,e%% infome$ abo"t the potentia% ha'a$s ca"se$ by the

coosive chemica%s %i-e nitic aci$ ca"stic so$a s"%ph"ic aci$ an$ thei

imme$iate eme$y.

i!h>tension e%ectic %ines an$ tansfome ae ,e%% se!e!ate$ ,ith !oo$ fencin!.

+o othe ha'a$s o mino inj"ies an$ acci$ents fist ai$ faci%ity is povi$e$

,ithin the factoy an$ if nee$e$ faci%ity of ta-in! to the hospita%.

Se%f> c%osin! $oos has been "se$ to pevent enty of f%ies an$ insects.

1.11!ec$"ity +eas$"esThe factoy is bo"n$e$ by &>) ft hi!h ,a%%s. Sec"ity !"a$ is avai%ab%e fo 24 ho"s.

Jisitos can ente insi$e the factoy on%y afte the pemission is !ante$ by the a"thoity.

Nothin! can be ta-en in o o"t the factoy pemises "n%ess pemission !ante$.

1.1 !ystem of Re$isition? Ac$isition? Reco"&in# an& Re#$'ation of

Invento"ies

!ystem of Re$isition an& Ac$isition

6 e5"isition fom is fi%%e$ fo the e5"iement of any mateia% by any section. This fom

is appove$ by the e%evant section chief an$ is fo,a$e$ to the stoe ,hich povi$es

!oo$smateia%s acco$in! to the e5"isition. If the patic"%a e5"isition is not in stoe

ac5"isition fom is fi%%e$ an$ is fo,a$e$ to the poc"ement a$ministation section

an$ the poc"ement a$ministation section !ives $iect%y the p"chase o$e to the

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stoe. Stoe povi$es the patic"%as on%y afte it has been entee$ to the stoes acco"nt.

tia% ba%ance of the $iffeent eFpen$it"es an$ costs is ma$e month%y an$ is povi$e$ to

hea$ office.

(ajo an$ othe mateia%s s"ch as spae pats e5"ipments some pac-a!in! mateia%s an$

chemica%s ae poc"e$ by the a$ministation ,hich is entee$ into the stoe an$ e5"isite

by the e%evant section. The eFpenses ae sho,n on the tai% ba%ance an$ fo,a$e$ to the

hea$ office.

!ystem of Reco"&in# an& Re#$'ation of Invento"ies

The eco$s of 5"antity of mi%- eceive$ ,ith its $iffeent 5"a%ity paametes amo"nt of

mi%- cons"me$ po$"ction of vaio"s mi%- an$ mi%- po$"cts an$ tota% amo"nt of

po$"ct po$"ce$ ae -ept on $ai%y basis. If s"fficient inventoy of the po$"cts is not

pesent the in cha!e of that patic"%a stoe -eepe infoms the po$"ction section fo

time%y po$"ction.

2. PRODUCT INTRODUCTION

Nepa% Daiy #vt. 9t$. is the pominent s"pp%ie of vaio"s 5"a%ity $aiy po$"cts to the

cons"mes of majo "ban aeas of Nepa% s"ch as :athaman$" 9a%itp" 0ha-tap"

0iatna!a Dhaan Itahai eta"$a 0i!"nj Naayan!hat #o-haa an$ 0"t,a%. 6 bief

into$"ction of the $aiy po$"cts pesent%y s"pp%ie$ by n$Gs is as fo%%o,s>

.1 PA!TEBRICED +IL54

(i%- is the noma% mammay !%an$ secetion of fema%e mamma%s.The tem

paste"i'ation as app%ie$ to ma-et mi%- to$ay efes to the pocess of heatin! evey

patic%es of mi%- to at %east )3 KC


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• To improve the keeping quality of milk by destruction of almost all

spoilage organisms (85 to 99 percent).

.1. P"o&$ct P"ofi'e

P"o&$ct &esc"iption4 Po$ch +i'2

Impotant ChaacteisticsStan$a$ paste"i'e$ homo!eni'e$

mi%- #o$"ct in!e$ients (i%- S(# ,ate

In!e$ients specification +at 3L SN+ L

#o$"ct pac-a!e an$ pac-a!e si'e pac-e$ in p%astic ,appe in po"ch

Stoa!e tempeat"e 4 °C

She%f %ife 24 hs

9abe%in! Desciption Stoe in efi!eationTanspotation 4°C in cates

.1.% +an$fact$"in# Detai's

Ra, (i%- eceivin!

Stoin! in si%os at 4>&KC

C%aification an$ ceam sepaation at 4>4& KC

Stan$a$i'ation


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2.1.4 SPECIFICATION FOR MILK:

+i'2 "eceive& in can4

Pa"amete" In&ian !tan&a"&

+at


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Taste +%avo ;oo$

. REA+4

Ceam is that potion of mi%- eniche$ to a vayin! $e!ee ,ith mi%- fat ,hich ises to

top of mi%- ,hi%e it is stan$in! o is sepaate$ fom it by means of a centif"!a%

sepaato. Ceams ae non aci$ifie$ aci$ifie$ ,hippe$ an$ may o may not have

a$$itives.

6cco$in! to the #+6 "%es


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0a%ance tan-

#e>heatin!


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6cco$in! to the #+6 R"%es &MC#ac-a!in! mateia% Je!etab%e pachment pape o b"tte pape

.%.% +an$fact$"in# Detai's

Ra, mi%-

Chi%%in!

C%aificationpaste"i'ation

Ceam sepaation at 4>4& KC *>*& L fat

1*


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#aste"i'ation of ceam at ) KC fo 3 min

Coo%in! ceam to >1 KC

Stoin! in ins"%ate$ vat

0"tte ch"nin!

0"tte mi%- sepaation fom b"tte

2 -! L fat

(o%$in!

#ac-in!

Stoin! at 4>& KC

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of b"tte

.%.( !PEI0IATION O0 REA+ 0OR +A5IN6 =BTTER

Pa"amete"s In&ian stan&a"&

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L +at 32.>4.

Stoa!e temp. 1>12ᵒ C(0RT Time .1

CO0 Ne!ativeTaste +%avo ;oo$

2.4 #$EE:

;hee may be $efine$ as c%aifie$ o $esiccate$ b"tte fat pepae$ chief%y fom co, o

b"ffa%o mi%-. ;hee sho"%$ consist of %a!e mi%- fat cysta%s f%oatin! on %i5"i$ fat !ivin!

the po$"ct a coase appeaance. The co%o of !hee $epen$s on the type of mi%- an$ the

po$"ction metho$. ;hee fom co, mi%- has ye%%o,ish oan!e co%o ,heeas !hee fom

b"ffa%o mi%- has ,hitish $"e to the %ac- of caotenoi$ ,ith a !eenish tin!e.

.(.1 N$t"itive va'$e of 6hee

;hee is the ichest so"ce of mi%- fat of a%% $aiy po$"cts. ?hen pepae$ by ta$itiona%

metho$ it is noma%%y vey %o, in fat so%"b%e vitamins 6 an$ D an$ contains an

appeciab%e 5"antity of these on%y "n$e cetain pescibe$ con$itions.

2.4.2 Product profi!

P"o&$ct &esc"iption 6hee

In!e$ients Ceam b"tte

Specifications +at //.L

Jo%"me &m% 1 %itShe%f %ife ) months

Stoa!e tempeat"e 2>21 MC 4MC

#ac-a!in! mateia% #%astic bott%e

.(.% +an$fact$"in# Detai's

Ra, mi%-

Chi%%in!

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C%aificationpaste"i'ation

Ceam sepaation at 4>4& KC *>*& L fat

#aste"i'ation of ceam at *1 KC fo 1& sec

Coo%in! ceam to >1 KC

Stoin! in ins"%ate$ vat

0"tte ch"nin!

0"tte mi%- sepaation fom b"tte

2 -! L fat

Coo-in!

+i%tation

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;hee sepaation

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of !hee

.* DA@I4

Dahi is the po$"ct obtaine$ fom paste"i'e$ o boi%e$ mi%- by so"in! nat"a% o by a

ham%ess %actic aci$ o othe bacteia% c"%t"e. It is a semi>so%i$ femente$ mi%- po$"ct

,hich oi!inate$ cent"ies a!o in 0"%!aia. It sho"%$ have a smooth ceamy an$ !%ossy

s"face. The taste an$ sme%% sho"%$ be mi%$ an$ p%easant. The po$"ct sho"%$ be fee fom

!as ho%es an$ ,hey poc-ets. Dahi is the best -no,n of a%% c"%t"e$>mi%- po$"cts an$ the

most pop"%a a%most a%% ove the ,o%$. The fat content in yo!h"t may vay fom >&L

an$ so%i$ content fom />2L.

6cco$in! to the #+6 R"%es


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ceamy an$ !%ossy s"face. The taste an$ sme%% sho"%$ be mi%$ an$ p%easant. The po$"ct

sho"%$ be fee fom !as ho%es an$ ,hey poc-ets.

The essentia% f%oa of $ahi consists of the themophi%ic %actic aci$ bacteia Streptococcus

thermophilus an$ Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp bulgaricus. +o a satisfactoy f%avo to

$eve%op appoFimate%y e5"a% n"mbes of both species sho"%$ be pesent


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Nepa' Dai"y man$fact$"es

1. Specia% Dahi

. #%ain Dahi

.*.% P"o&$ct Desc"iption

P"o&$ct &esc"iption4 Yo#h$"t

Impotant Chaacteistics Semiso%i$ mi%- po$"ct

#o$"ct f%avo Specia% an$ p%ain


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6$$ition of e5"ie$ amo"nt of s"!a

miFin!

7%evatin! tempeat"e to &>/KC an$ ho%$in! fo Q hs

Coo%in! to 42>4&KC C"%t"e a$$ition


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.*.* !PEI0IATION O0 DA@I BLTBRE In&ian stan&a"&84

Di"ect Vat !et $'t$"e4

Themophi%ic %actic aci$ c"%t"e

Stoa!e an$ han$%in!> >1 C

She%f %ife> 6t %east 24 months fom the $ate of man"fact"e

., PANEER4

#anee efes to mi%- so%i$s obtaine$ by the aci$ coa!"%ation of boi%e$ hot ,ho%e mi%-

an$ s"bse5"ent $aina!e of ,hey. The aci$s common%y "se$ ae %actic o citic aci$ in

both nat"a% an$ chemica% foms. #anee contains abo"t 4&>&L moist"e 2&>3L fat

13>1/L potein 2>2.4L %actose an$ 1./>2.3L ash. The yie%$ of panee $epen$s "pon the

5"a%ity of mi%- an$ the fina% moist"e content eache$ b"t is "s"a%%y bet,een 1 an$ 2 L

of the ,ei!ht of the mi%- "se$. #anee has a shot she%f %ife of the o$e of *>1 $ays

"n$e efi!eation.

.,.1 N$t"itive va'$e of Panee"

It is a !oo$ so"ce of poteins essentia% fatty aci$s minea%s an$ fat so%"b%e vitamins.

2.%.2 Product profi!

Name Panee"

In!e$ients (i%-

Specification +at 2&>3L moist"e content 4&>&LJo%"me 2! &!

She%f %ife 12 months* $aysStoa!e tempeat"e >1MC4MC#ac-a!in! mateia% #%astic ,appe

2&


26/81

.,.% +an$fact$"in# Detai's

?ho%e mi%- / KC fo 2 min

Coo%in! to *) KC

6$$in! acetic aci$ ,ith s%o, a!itation

Coa!"%ation

Tempein! fo &>1 min

Sepaatin! casein fom ,hey by fi%tein! tho"!h m"s%in c%oth

#essin! the casein in mo%$s fo 2>3 min


27/81

C"ttin! to e5"ie$ si'e an$ ,ei!ht

Jac""m pac-a!in! in po%ythene pac-s

Stoin! in co%$ oom afte $ispatch

+i! pocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of panee

Yie'&4 11>12L

.,.( !PEI0IATION O0 +IL5 0OR PANEER4


L +at in mi%- &.& ± .2

L SN+ in mi%- .) ± .2

L 6ci$ity .11>.14

CO0 Ne!ativeTaste an$ f%avo" ;oo$

./ @EE!E4

Simp%y cheese may be $efine$ as the c"$ of mi%- sepaate$ fom the ,hey an$ pesse$

into so%i$ mass. It has been -no,n to man -in$ fo tho"san$s of yeas.

6cco$in! to #+6 R"%es


28/81

anythin! hamf"% to the hea%th. In case the ,aF is co%oe$ on%y pemitte$ foo$ co%os may

be "se$.

hemica' pa"amete"s of Nepa'ese cheese va"ieties

Pa"amete"s Ya2 5anchan +o))a"e''a

(oist"e

&)L sa%t 1L

?ei!ht &!

She%f %ife 1months

Stoa!e tempeat"e 4MC#ac-a!in! mateia% #%astic ,appe

2


29/81

./.( +an$fact$"in# Detai's

(i%-


30/81

3 KC 2>3 min=

(o"%$in! into ba%% %i-e mass

Dainin! an$ pac-a!in!

Tansfein! in co%$ oom

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of mo''ae%%a cheese

.7 IEREA+4

The ea%y histoy of ice ceam man"fact"e is vey scantyP ho,eve the po$"ct is

$efinite%y -no,n to have oi!inate$ in 7"ope. Ice ceam may be $efine$ as a fo'en

$aiy po$"ct ma$e by s"itab%e b%en$in! an$ pocessin! of ceam an$ othe mi%-

po$"cts to!ethe ,ith s"!a an$ f%avo ,ith o ,itho"t stabi%i'e o co%o an$ ,ith the

incopoation of ai $"in! the fee'in! pocess.

Ice Ceam (iF ;enea% Composition (i%- fat 1.& > 12. L

(i%- so%i$s not fat 1.& > 11.& L

S"cose 11. > 12. L

9i5"i$ !%"cose 3.& > 4. L

Stabi%i'e an$ em"%sifie .2& > .3 L

?ate &&. > )&.& L

.7.1 N$t"itive va'$e of Ice c"eam

Ice ceam is an eFce%%ent so"ce of foo$ ene!y. avin! t,ice to thee times the fat

content of mi%- an$ moe than ha%f of its tota% so%i$ bein! s"!a< s"cose an$ %actose= the

ene!y va%"e of ice ceam is vey hi!h. The potein content in it a%so ates hi!h both in

5"antity an$ 5"a%ity. The poteins ae %a!e%y $eive$ fom mi%- a sma%% amo"nt fom

3


31/81

stabi%i'e

a%so contains si!nificant amo"nt of vitamin 6 0 comp%eF an$ 7.

.7. P"o&$ct P"ofi'e

P"o&$ct &esc"iption4 Ice c"eam

Impotant Chaacteistics +o'en hi!h TS 4 L=

#o$"ct f%avovani%%a sta,bey choco%ate 21

%ove man!o b"ttescotch

#o$"ct in!e$ients

%i!ht ceam fesh mi%- s-imme$ mi%-

po,$e !an"%ate$ s"!a %ecithin

%oc"st bean !"m an$ fesh f"it

in!e$ients f%avo co%o

In!e$ients specification +at 1>12L

SN+ 1>11L

S"!a 14>1& L

Stabi%i'e 2.&>3L

TS 3)>4L

o, it is "se$ Diect%y cons"me$ as $essets in

fo'en fom at 14 to >1 °C=

#o$"ct pac-a!e an$ pac-a!e si'e pac-e$ in pape an$ p%astic containes

of $iffeent vo%"mesStoa!e tempeat"e ≤ >2&°C.

She%f %ife 3)& $ays

9abe%in! Desciption Stoe in fee'e con$ition.

Tanspotation ≤ >2&°C.

.7.% +an$fact$"in# &etai's#ast"i'e$ mi%-

6$$in! S(# at 4&>& KC

31

eatin! to 4>4& KC


32/81

S"!aem"%sifie an$ stabi%i'e a$$ition at &>) KC

6$$ition of %i5"i$ !%"cose an$ mi%- fat )& KC

#aste"i'ation at 2 KC fo 1& sec

omo!eni'ation at )&>* KC

Chi%%in! KC= tho"!h #7

6!ein! the miF in ins"%ate$ vat fo oveni!ht ) KC=

+i%%in! in ice ceam c"ps o boFes

32

&>) psi at 1st sta!e

21 psi at 2n$ sta!e

Samp%in!

#hysica% TeFt"e O!ano%eptic

(icobia% T#C co%ifom


33/81

Tansfein! to ha$enin! t"nne% 2& to >3& KC=

Shiftin! to co%$ stoa!e 1 to >2 KC=

Dispatchin! in efi!eation co%$ chain at >1 KC fo sa%es

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of ice ceam

.7.( !PEI0IATION! O0 INO+IN6 RAF +ATERIAL! 0OR

IEREA+4

!5I++ED +IL5 POFDER4

Typica' omposition4

Pa"amete" In&ian stan&a"& Nepa' stan&a"&

#otein 34 L > 3*L Not 9ess Than &2L >+at .)L > 1.2&L N9T 1.&L6sh .2L > .)L >

(oist"e 3L > 4L instant=

3.&L > 4.&L

Sa%mone%%a Ne!ative >9isteia Ne!ative >

Coa!"%ase>positive staphy%ococci Ne!ative >

33


34/81


35/81

Beast (o%$!


36/81

=BTTER OIL4

Pa"amete"s Nepa' stan&a"&

Refactive In$eF at 4MC 1.4&3>1.4&&/

Reichet (eisse% Ja%"e N9T 2.6ci$ va%"e N(T ) mi%%i!am peto%e"m hy$oFi$e!m#eoFi$e Ja%"e N(T 1 mi%%i e5"iva%ent peoFi$e oFy!en:! !hee

(oist"e N(T .&L

AEDA+O+ A+O+B+ POFDER A'aichi po&e"84

Pa"amete" Nepa' stan&a"&

(oist"e N(T 1&.L


37/81

IEREA+ PRODBTION !ETION

Hob Tit'e4 Ice ceam S"peviso

Location4 Ice ceam po$"ction p%ant

Re'ationships4 Repo"ts to4 Depatment Office

!$pe"vises4 ?o-in! staffs Stoe mana!e

P"incip'e p$"pose of job4

To assist the po$"ction an$ pac-a!in! of ice ceam.To mana!e the ,o-in! staffs an$ maintain hy!ienic envionment.

Hob Responsibi'ities

(aintain the hy!iene %eve% of the ,o-es an$ the ,o-in! aea.

Tansfe the ice>ceam stoc- of the ea%ie $ay fom ha$enin! t"nne% to the stoe

at >2MC.

C%ean the ,hippin! an$ fee'in! machines by passin! ,am ,ate into the stoa!e

vats.

9oo- fo the avai%abi%ity of the mateia%s an$ epot to the $epatment offices fo

the s"pp%y.

7va%"ate the pepae$ ice ceam miF on the basis of vaio"s test pefome$ s"ch

as sensoy eva%"ation fat pecenta!e aci$ity potein content an$ tota% so%i$.

S"pevise the ice>ceam fi%%in! an$ pac-a!in! as pe the $eman$.

Ca%c"%ate the amo"nt po$"ce$ compae it ,ith the e5"iement an$ -eep the

eco$.

S"pevises the po$"ction of ice>ceam miF fo the neFt $ay on the basis of the

!iven ecipe.

C%ean the vat ,ith ,am ,ate an$ saniti'es$isinfectant an$ %eave it fo the ove

ni!ht.

#efom the CI# of the pipe%ines by passin! ca"stic so$a into it.

(ana!e an$ conto% the ,o-es in the $epatment to maintain the hy!iene %eve%

of the po$"ct.

3*


38/81

.; @OO=AR4

It is one of the pop"%a fo'en $aiy po$"cts pepae$ fom ice ceam miF i.e. ea$y to

fi%% b"t not ha$ene$P ,hich is then mo"%$e$ 5"ic- fo'en in bine an$ $ippe$ in visco"s

choco%ate sy"p. +ina%%y it is ,appe$ in p%astic ,appe an$ stoe$ in $eep fee'e.

2.'.1 Product profi!

P"o&$ct &esc"iption hocoba"

In!e$ients Ice ceam miF choco%ate sy"p

Jaieties Chocoba n"tty ba n"tty bo$y

Jo%"me ) m%She%f %ife ) months

Stoa!e tempeat"e V>1MC

#ac-a!in! mateia% #%astic ,appe

.;. +an$fact$"in# Detai's

Ice ceam miF

+i%%in! in mo"%$s an$ insetin! stic-s in it

Dippin! in bine so%"tion fo ha%f an ho"

Dec%ampin! an$ can$y ha$enin! fo 1& min

Dippin! ha$ene$ can$y in choco%ate sy"p

Can$y ha$enin! fo 1& min

3


39/81

#ac-in! in coves o ,appes

Deep fee'in!

Stoa!e at >1 KC

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of chocoba

.19 5BL0I4

:"%fi is a fo'en po$"ct pepae$ "sin! -h",a mi%- s"!a n"ts an$ spices. +%avo an$

co%o may a%so be a$$e$ to enhance the o!ano%eptic 5"a%ity.:"%fi is vey pa%atab%e po$"ct ,ith hi!h n"titiona% va%"e.

2.1(.1 Product profi!

Name 5$'fi

In!e$ients -h",a mi%- an$ s"!a f%avo co%o ose

peta%s spices !o"n$ pista

Jo%"me )m%She%f %ife 12 months

Stoa!e tempeat"e V >1KC#ac-a!in! mateia% p%astic ,appe ,ith pape containe

.19. +an$fact$"in# Detai's

(iFin! -h",a mi%- an$ s"!a

eatin! to $isso%ve s"!a pope%y

Coo%in!

3/


40/81

6$$in! !o"n$ pista ca$amom ca$amom essence safanon safanon f%avo

-"%fi f%avo %emon ye%%o, co%o an$ oan!e e$ co%o

(iFin!

+i%%in! in mo"%$ an$ insetin! stic-s in it

Dippin! in bine so%"tion fo ha%f an ho"

Dec%ampin! an$ ha$enin! fo 1& min

#ac-in! in coves o ,appes

Deep fee'in!

Stoa!e at >1 KC

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of -"%fi

.11 +AHOR !FEET!4

.11.1 Rasba"i

Rasbai is one of the most pop"%a s,eets in Nepa% an$ In$ia. It is pepae$ "sin! fesh

an$ soft chena in the fom of ba%%s 4mm in $iamete ,ith a typica% spon!y bo$y an$

smooth teFt"e stoe$ an$ seve$ in s"!a sy"p.

4


41/81

2.11.1.1 Product profi!

P"o&$ct &esc"iption Rasba"i

In!e$ients (i%- s"!a sy"pJo%"me 1 pieces

She%f %ife ) $ays

Stoa!e tempeat"e Refi!eate$ con$ition#ac-a!in! mateia% #%astic c"ps ,ith %i$

2.11.1.2 M)*uf)cturi*+ Detai's

(i%-

eatin! to KC

Coo%in! to )>)&KC

6$$in! ,hey fo coa!"%ation


42/81

in ,o-in! tab%e

Divi$in! the $o"!h into 1>2 !m pieces

Ro%%in! the pieces bet,een the pa%ms to fom spheica% ba%%s


43/81

.11. La'mohan

9a%mohan is one of the most pop"%a s,eets in Nepa% an$ In$ia. It is pepae$ "sin! fesh

-h",a chena mai$a an$ aaot in the fom of ba%%s of 4 mm in $iamete.


P"o&$ct &esc"iption La'mohan

In!e$ients :h",a chenna mai$a ao,oot !hee

s"!a sy"p

Jo%"me 1 piecesShe%f %ife 1 $ays

Stoa!e tempeat"e Refi!eate$ tempeat"e

#ac-a!in! mateia% #%astic c"ps ,ith %i$

2.11.2.2 M)*uf)cturi*+ D!t)i,

(iFin! an$ -nea$in! fesh -h",a chena

mai$a an$ ao,oot into $o"!h

Divi$in! the $o"!h into 2>2& !m pieces



44/81

#ac-a!in!

Stoin! an$ ma-etin!

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of %a%mohan

2.11." P!d)

#e$a is a mi%- base$ po$"ct pepae$ by coo-in! -h",a ,ith s"!a. The combine$ mass

of -hoa an$ s"!a is heate$ ti%% it appeas bo,nish. The es"%tin! mass is a%%o,e$ to coo%

at oom tempeat"e ,hich is %ate shape$ into $esie$ shape an$ si'e an$ %et that be %itt%e

$ie$ an$ then pac-e$ in the boF .

2.11.".1 Product profi!

P"o&$ct &esc"iption Pe&a

In!e$ients :h",a an$ s"!a Jo%"mes pieces

She%f %ife 1 $ays

Stoa!e tempeat"e Refi!eate$ tempeat"e#ac-a!in! mateia% #J 0oF

2.11.".2 M)*uf)cturi*+ d!t)i,

Coo-in! -h",a

6$$in! s"!a

(iFin! an$ coo-in! ti%% bo,nish co%o appeae$

#"ttin! the miFt"es in tab%e an$ %eave fo sometime to coo%

44


45/81

Shapin! into $esie$ shapes

#ac-a!in! an$ stoa!e

+i!. f%o,chat fo man"fact"e of pe$a

.11.( =a"fi

0afi is a mi%- base$ po$"ct pepae$ by coo-in! -h",a ,ith s"!a an$ co%%ectin! the

miFt"e into compact mass ,hen a%% s"!a has $isso%ve$. The es"%tin! mass is a%%o,e$ to

coo% an$ set at oom tempeat"e ,hich is %ate c"t into $esie$ shape an$ si'e. N"ts

spices an$ choco%ate may a%so be a$$e$ to enhance n"titiona% va%"e an$ o!ano%eptic

va%"e.


P"o&$ct &esc"iption =a"fi

In!e$ients :h",a s"!a sma%% ca$amom a%mon$

po,$e Jo%"me ) pieces

She%f %ife 1 $aysStoa!e tempeat"e Refi!eation tempeat"e#ac-a!in! mateia% #J 0oF

2.11.4.2 M)*uf)cturi*+ D!t)i,

Coo-in! -h",a

6$$in! s"!a

(iFin! an$ coo-in!

4&


46/81

#"ttin! the miFt"e in tays

Spin-%in! a%mon$ po,$e

9eavin! oveni!ht

C"ttin! into s5"ae pieces$esie$ shape

#ac-in! an$ stoin!

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of bafi

.11.* 5a'ajam$n

:a%ajam"n is one of the most pop"%a s,eets in Nepa% an$ In$ia. It is pepae$ "sin!

fesh -h",a chena mai$a an$ ao,oot in the fom of ba%%s of 4 mm in $iamete.

2.11.-.1 Product profi!

P"o&$ct &esc"iption 5a'ajam$n

In!e$ients :h",a chenna mai$a ao,oot !hee

s"!a sy"p cocon"t po,$e Jo%"me ) pieces

She%f %ife 1 $ays

Stoa!e tempeat"e Refi!eate$ tempeat"e#ac-a!in! mateia% #J 0oF

2.11.-.2 M)*uf)cturi*+ D!t)i,

(iFin! an$ -nea$in! fesh -h",a chenna

mai$a an$ ao,oot into $o"!h

4)


47/81

Divi$in! the $o"!h into 2>2& !m pieces



48/81

2.11.%.2 M)*uf)cturi*+ d!t)i,

#epain! %i!ht paste of besan ,ith ,ate

+yin! the paste in !hee to ma-e b"niya "sin! %a$%e ,ith ho%es

Coo-in! the pepae$ b"niya in s"!a sy"p

Spin-%in! ma!aj an$ sma%% ca$amom po,$e

Coo%in!

Ro%%in! to fom spheica% ba%%s of 4! each

#ac-a!in!

+i! #ocess f%o, chat fo man"fact"in! of b"niya %a$$"

.11./ !PEI0IATION 0OR IN6REDIENT B!ED IN !FEET!4

+ai&aFheat f'o$"84

Pa"amete"s Nepa'i stan&a"& N+T8

(oist"e 14. at 13C>133C fo 2hsTota% ash .*L


49/81

Pa"amete"s Nepa'i stan&a"& N+T8

(oist"e 14L


50/81

O!anic matte N(T 3.L

Ino!anic matte N(T 2.L

".. IN LINE UALIT/ CONTROL

%.1 !tan&a"& +i'2 P"o&$ction Line

• (i%- samp%es ae $a,n an$ sent to the %ab to chec- fo fat an$ SN+ content

befoe an$ afte stan$a$i'ation an$ the eos ae coecte$ o a$j"ste$.

• The pipe%ines vats an$ tan-s ae c%eane$ in p%ace


51/81

• SN+ fat aci$ity TS of po$"cts ae chec-e$ fom ,hich the pocessin! section

can ta-e coective action if nee$e$.

• +at potein content aci$ity an$ TS of ice ceam miF is chec-e$ afte %eavin! it

ove ni!ht fo a!ein!.

• Reco$s of the es"%t ae -ept ,hich can %ate be "se$ to evie, the 5"a%ity

po$"cts.

%.( Tests on "a mate"ia's4

!.N Ra mate"ia' Tests

1. Ra, mi%- +at


52/81

SN+


53/81

9ye 4*.&.2

LIGBID DETER6ENT!4

Pa"amete" In&ian stan&a"& p of 1L so%"tion *. to /.

LTS


54/81

GBALITY ONTROL LA=ORATORY

Position A"a%ity conto% office

Location4 A"a%ity conto% %ab

Re'ationships4 Repo"ts to4 Diecto

!$pe"vises4 Staffs

P"incip'e p$"pose of job4

To ana%y'e the 5"a%ity of fina% po$"ct an$ eco$ the es"%t an$ epot it to the concene$

peson o $epatment

Hob Responsibi'ities4

Initia' tas24

Open a%% ,in$o,s an$ $oo of the %aboatoy

Chec- a%% the e5"ie$ mateia%s an$ chemica%s

+i%% the e5"isition fom fo the e5"ie$ chemica%s an$ mateia%s

Diffe"ent p"o&$ct an& thei" test4

1. Icec"eam mi-Done &ai'y84

!enso"y eva'$ation4

&4


55/81

• 6ppeaance

Consistency

Physiochemica' test4

#%"! in ,ie of oven fo tota% so%i$ $etemination

#hysio>chemica% test of ice>ceam miF

Detemination of tempeat"eDetemination of aci$ity

Detemination of potein

Detemination of fatDetemination of tota% so%i$

• Reco$ a%% the $ata of ice>ceam miF

• #%ace a%% the chemica%s "se$ at i!ht p%ace

. Icec"eam4

!enso"y eva'$ation4

6ppeaance

0o$y

TeFt"e


Detemination of ove "n

%. "eam4

!enso"y eva'$ation4

• 6ppeaance

• Consistency

• +%avo

Physiochemica' test

• Detemination of fat in ceam

(. =$tte"4

!enso"y eva'$ation4

&&


56/81

6ppeaance

Consistency

+%avo


• Detemination of fat content

*. Panee"4

!enso"y eva'$ation4

• 6ppeaance

• +%avo

• TeFt"e


Detemination of aci$ity

Detemination of fat

Detemination of moist"e content

,. 5h$a4

!enso"y eva'$ation4

6ppeaance an$ co%o

O$o an$ f%avo

TeFt"e an$ consistency


Detemination of moist"e content

• Detemination of fat content

• Detemination of aci$ity

/. heese4

!enso"y eva'$ation4

• Consistency

&)


57/81


Detemination of fat content

Note: All results are recorded and reported it to concerned department .

+ic"obio'o#ica' test4

o'ifo"m test4

Co%ifom test of ice>ceam miF mi%- panne $ahi sy"p ice ceam an$ ,ate is

$one in tota% stei%e con$ition

Reco$ a%% the es"%ts

Repot it to the $iecto an$ the concene$ $epatment

(icobio%o!ica% test is pefome$ at %east t,o times pe ,ee-

0ina' tas24

#%ace a%% the "se$ bea-es an$ pipettes in the basin

#%"! o"t the ,ie of oven $isti%%ation tan- an$ ,ei!hin! ba%ance

#%ace a%% the eco$ fi%e in $a,e an$ %oc- it

C%ose a%% ,in$o,s an$ $oos an$ %eave

(. !TORA6E

In the b"i%$in! of stoa!e at an$ techno%o!y ae bein! "ti%i'e$ in s"ch a ,ay that thin!s

can be -ept safe%y fo a peio$ of time. It main%y e$"ces an$ conto%s the ate of

$eteioation. It is an inte!a% pat of the foo$ pocessin! chain s"ch as po$"ction

tanspotation stoa!e ma-etin! cons"mption an$ h"man an$ anima% hea%th %in-e$ to

foo$ pesevation pocessin! an$ stoa!e po%icies.

(.1 !to"a#e con&ition fo" the "a mate"ia'sRa, mateia%s an$ othe mateia%s ae stoe$ "n$e satisfactoy con$ition. The stoa!e

ooms sit"ate$ in the !o"n$ f%oo fist f%oo an$ thi$ f%oo ae a%% ,e%% maintaine$ ,ith

pope hy!ienic con$ition. The stoe ooms hee ae ,e%% pevente$ fom %i!ht an$ ,ate

an$ peventive metho$s ae app%ie$ to pevent an$ conto% o$ents an$ insects.

&*


58/81

(. Ave"a#e sto"a#e pe"io&s of "a mate"ia' befo"e it #oes $n&e" p"ocessin#

On avea!e a, mateia% ae stoe$ fo abo"t 1&>2 $ays .Ra, mateia%s ae stoe$ safe%y

in the stoe oom "nti% it is sent fo f"the pocessin!.

(.% !toc2 "otation $se&

Stoc- otation is "se$ on the basis of +I+O


59/81

The avea!e stoa!e peio$ of finishe$ po$"ct befoe $ispatch vaies fom po$"ct to

po$"ct as $iffeent po$"cts have $iffeent she%f %ife. The avea!e stoa!e of $iffeent

finishe$ po$"ct is !iven be%o,

Paste$"i)e

&

+i'2

"eam =$tte" 6hee Yo#h$"t Panee"

an&

cheese

Icec"eam

an&

chocoba"

5$'f

i

Lassi !eets

1 $ay 2>3

$ays

3>4

months

1>3

months

2>3 $ays &>)

months

&>1$ays

s"mme

3>4

months

,inte

&>1

Days

In

ot

$ays

2>3

$ays

2>

4$ays

-.MARKETIN#:

(a-etin! $iects the f%o, of !oo$s an$ sevices fom po$"ce to cons"me. It simp%y

pefoms the b"siness activity.

Nepa% Daiy coves the ma-et aea of :athman$" 9a%itp" 0ha-tap" an$ cit ie s

o" t of va% %ey an$ a% % the po$"cts ae s"pp%ie$ on the et"n system.

*.1 +a"2et an& "etai' chain

The ma-et an$ etai% chain of $aiy po$"cts fom Nepa% Daiy is sho,n

+actoyZ Dea%eZ Distib"tosZ ?ho%esa%eZ Retai%eZ Cons"me

Diffeent o"tes of Nepa% Daiy ae

1.9a!an-he% *.0"$hani%-antha

2.;o$a,ai .0o"$$ha

3.:otesh,o /.0haisipati

4.0anesh,o 1.Chabahi%&.;on!ab" 11.0a%aj"

).0"n!mati

*. +o&e of t"anspo"t

&/


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T"c-s tan-es pic->"p vans etc ae "se$ as means as tanspotation. Thee ae abo"t 2

vehic%es "se$ fo po$"ct $istib"tion.

%. 0ASTE AND /PRODUCT

,.1 Dai"y byp"o&$ct

6 $aiy by>po$"ct may be $efine$ as a po$"ct of commecia% va%"e po$"ce$ $"in! the

man"fact"e of a main po$"ct. o,eve ,hat is c"ent%y a by>po$"ct may become the

main po$"ct in the f"t"e.

,. Bti'i)ation of byp"o&$ct

D"in! the man"fact"e of $aiy po$"cts thee invaiab%y aises the pob%em of the

"ti%i'ation of by>po$"cts. 0eca"se of thei !eat an$ "ni5"e n"titiona% va%"e the most

ationa% metho$ of "ti%i'ation fom the stan$ point of !enea% ,e%fae is in foo$ po$"ctsP

"s"a%%y this is the most pofitab%e metho$ as ,e%%. It has a%,ays been ea%i'e$ that

economic $isposa% of by>po$"cts is an essentia% pee5"isite to pofitab%e $aiyin!. It

a%so minimi'es the ,aste an$ he%ps in ceatin! eco>fien$%y envionment.

Tab'e 14 omposition of some impo"tant &ai"y byp"o&$cts

S. No

Name of by>po$"ct 4.1& Chhana ,hey /3.) .& .4 &.1 .4

) Cheese ,hey /3.1 .3 ./ 4./ .)

* 6ci$ casein ,hey /3.1 .1 1. &.1 .*

!o$"ce4 +isce''aneo$s

The majo by> po$"cts an$ its "ti%i'ation in Nepa% $aiy ae

!.No =yp"o&$ct =yp"o&$ct $ti'i)ation

1 S-im mi%- fom ceam "se$ in the stan$a$i'ation of mi%- as it contains %o, fat

)


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an$ he%ps to incease the SN+ of mi%-

2 b"tte mi%- fom b"tte The b"tte mi%- sepaate$ $"in! b"tte man"fact"e is

not "ti%i'e$.

3 ,hey fom cheese panee

an$ chenna

,hey fom chenna is "se$ fo coa!"%ation of hot ,ho%e

mi%- to obtain chenna ,hee as the ,hey fom panee an$ cheese is not "ti%i'e$

,.% Types of astes

9i5"i$ ,astes ?ashe$ ,ate ca"stic so%"tion mi%- b"tte mi%-,hey chemica%

so%"tions fom the %aboatoy $ete!ent so%"tions mi%- fat etc.

So%i$ ,astes #%astic sheets p%astic containes ice ceam an $ $ah i c"ps an$

othe pac-a!in! mateia%s pape "bbe pipes bott%es j"te ba!s

!%ass ,aes fom %aboatoy etc[

,.( Faste ate" t"eatment

?aste ,ate is any ,ate that has been a$vese%y affecte$ in 5"a%ity by anthopo!enic

inf%"ence. It compises %i5"i$ ,aste $ischa!e$ by in$"sties an$ can encompass a ,i$e

an!e of potentia% contaminants an$ concentations. ?aste ,ate may contain ,ate

patho!ens s"ch as bacteia vi"ses etc non>patho!enic bacteia o!anic an$ ino!anic patic%es so%"b%e o!anic mateia% etc. ,hich nee$ to be teate$.

0"t ,aste ,ate teatment is not $one hee an$ p 0OD an$ COD of ,aste ,ate ae

a%so not $etemine$.

-. 0ATER

Daiy p%ant cons"mes %a!e 5"antity of ,ate fo vaio"s p"poses s"ch as

c%eanin! coo%in! steam !eneation an$ a%so in pocessin!. In $aiies the incomin!

,ate m"st be teate$ so that the hamf"% s"bstances can be e$"ce$ in

concentation ne"ta%i'e$ o emove$. ?ate "se$ in the man"fact"e of $aiy

po$"cts m"st be of the hi!hest 5"a%ity eFcee$in! the e5"iement fo acceptab%e

$in-in! ,ate. It sho"%$ conse5"ent%y be comp%ete%y c%ea fee fom sme%% co%o

)1


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an$ taste soft an$ vit"a%%y stei%e. Softenin! an$ $e>ch%oination is theefoe

necessay.

ee ,ate is peteate$ in step,ise manne passin! tho"!h ,ate aeation tan-

se$imentation tan-s


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f%o, of %i5"i$ ove the s"faces of e5"ipments !eneates a mechanica% scoin! effect

,hich $is%o$!es $eposits of $it.

,. IP 0'o ha"t

?ate f%"shin!

R"nnin! co%$ ,ate 14 $ays .L concentate$ nitic aci$ so%"tion is "n in ,ho%e %ine ,hich

c%eans o"t potein an$ mi%- stones. 6fte f%"shin! ,ith nitic aci$ so%"tion the %ines

sho"%$ be c%eane$ ,ith ca"stic so$a so%"tion an$ hot ,ate. If this is not $one mi%-

coa!"%ates.

Saniti'e

In c%eane$ %ine saniti'e


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• ?ho%e pocessin! p%ant pipe%ines ae c%eane$ ,ith hot ,ate an$ ca"stic so%"tion

t,ice $ai%y> once befoe statin! opeation an$ then afte comp%etion of a%%

opeations fo the $ay.

• +%"shin! ,ith nitic aci$ so%"tion is $one on%y once a ,ee-.

• (i%- stoa!e tan-s ae c%eane$ ,ith hot ,ate an$ ca"stic so%"tion evey time they

ae emptie$.

,.% !PEI0IATION O0 DAIRY FATER4

hemica' !tan&a"&


Co%o" Co%o"%ess

T"bi$ity Ni%O$o" None

#h ).& to .&

L TS


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&. UTILIT/ SECTION

/.1 Ref"i#e"ation !ystem

Refi!eation is the pocess of emovin! heat fom s"o"n$in! o po$"ct as a means of

pesevin! $aiy po$"cts s"ch as ice ceam mi%- b"tte cheese etc. by coo%in! it to

s"fficient%y %o, tempeat"e an$ obtainin! a po$"ct ,ith specia% 5"a%ity. The above

po$"cts ae stoe$ in co%$ stoes a$$itiona%%yP chi%%e$ ,ate is e5"ie$ to chi%% the

paste"i'e$ mi%- an$ to stoe it in the mi%- tan-s. The mechanica% efi!eatos have fo"

basic e%ements an evapoato a compesso a con$ense an$ a efi!eant f%o, conto%


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abso%"te%y saniti'e$ an$ patho!en fee i!ht befoe abo"t 1 min"tes of evey

po$"ction. Othe so"ce of contaminations can be offices ,ashooms c%oa- oom

mi%- eceivin! sectionvisitos an$ the hy!ienic con$ition of the ,o-es.

Decontamination pocess most be fo%%o,e$ by eveyone befoe entein! insi$e the

p%ant aea. It can be app%ie$ tho"!h ,ashin! han$ ,ith saniti'e ,a%-in! tho"!h an

antiseptic mateia% an$ so on.#ac-a!in! mateia% $iect%y comes in contact ,ith the

po$"t as a es"%t it m"st fee of any any -in$ of ha'a$.

C%eanin! an$ $isinfectin! time m"st be e5"a% to one fo"th of the tota% pocessin!

time.6bo"t 1.* -! of a%-a%i an$ .) -! of aci$ ae e5"ie$ as chemica% ea!ent in the

p%ant pe 1 ton of pocesse$ mi%-.

(i%- an$ mi%- po$"ct bein! an eFce%%ent me$ia fo mico>o!anisms c%eanin! of ,ho%e

p%ant m"st be "n$eta-en seio"s%y.

0eca"se of these eason C%ean>In>#ocess is $one an$ is the most.

'. R D:

R D po!amme is caie$ o"t occasiona%%y "n$e ,hich thee is ne, ecipe

fom"%ation ne, po$"ct $eve%opment pocess $esi!n an$ $eve%opment an$ so on. ?ith

the i$ea an$ s"!!estion of $iffeent concene$ membe of $iffeent $epatment R D

,o- is caie$ an$ ne, po$"ct is %a"nche$ afte s"ccessf"% $emo. The avai%ab%e

comp"tes ae "se$ fo fom"%ation eco$in! an$ $oc"mentation of $iffeent $ata "n$e

$ai%y basis.

1(.CONCLUSION:

Nepa% Daiy #vt. 9t$. is a %ea$in! $aiy in$"sty of Nepa% ,ith the objective of 5"a%ity

po$"ct cons"me satisfaction. It has been ab%e to maintain !oo$ ep"tation amon!st its

cons"me by povi$in! safe po$"ct an$ estab%ishe$ themse%ves as favo"ite $aiy ban$.

?o-in! as intenee fo 4& $ays has povi$e$ "s !o%$en oppot"nity of c%aifyin! o"

theoetica% -no,%e$!e an$ ma$e "s fami%ia ,ith pactica% i$ea an$ mana!ement aspects.

?e ae !eat%y than-f"% fo this oppot"nity ,hich ,i%% pove to be he%pf"% an$ p%"s point

in o" nea caee.

))


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11.RECOMMENDATIONS:

Tho"!h most of the pactices ove hee ae satisfactoy an$ acceptab%e it ,o"%$ be fa

moe bette if some impovements ae $one.

• ?ate is an insepaab%e pat of any pocessin! in$"sty. Its impotance $"in!

c%eanin! pocessin! coo-in! steam !eneation etc is -no,n ,e%%. Th"s ,ate

"se$ in in$"sty m"st be of vey !oo$ 5"a%ity. On%y san$ fi%tation fo

"n$e!o"n$ ,ate is not eno"!h to emove minea% co%o o$o" an$ ha$ness.

So othe teatment pactice m"st a%so be a$opte$.

• The mico bio%o!ica% aspect of a%% finishe$ po$"ct m"st be caie$ o"t befoe

thei $istib"tions. 6s $aiy po$"cts ae the eFce%%ent me$ia fo mico>o!anisms

"n$e favoab%e con$ition they may "%e ove an$ "in the po$"ct.

• +o the maintenance of hi!h $e!ee of hy!ienic an$ sanitay con$ition ,o-es

,ho $iect%y come in contact ,ith foo$ mateia%s m"st be povi$e$ ,ith !%oves

an$ its "se m"st be comp"%sion. Unifom of a%% ,o-es m"st be c%ean eno"!h

,hich $iect%y epesent the sanitation of ,ho%e factoy.

• 6s pac-a!in! mateia% $iect%y comes in contact ,ith the po$"ct it m"st be c%ean

an$ safe fo "se. Its man"a% han$%in! m"st be cae$ main%y $"in! ice>ceam an$

$ahi pac-in!.

• Tainin! m"st be !iven to ,o-es on $ai%y basis ,hich boa$ens thei -no,%e$!e

an$ es"%ts in incease$ po$"ction an$ $ecease of ,aste.

• ?aste ,ate teatment m"st be pactice$ as the eff%"ent po$"ce$ may es"%t in

citica% ha'a$s.0OD an$ COD m"st be chec-e$ e!"%a%y so that ,aste ,ate can

be teate$ an$ ,i%% have %ess is- ,hi%e $ainin! it to the p"b%ic se,a!e.

• #o$"ct $ivesification an$ by po$"ct "ti%i'ation m"st be foc"se$ fo economic

et"n.

• Decontamination pocess m"st be fo%%o,e$ by eveyone befoe entein! insi$e

the p%ant aea. It can be app%ie$ tho"!h ,ashin! han$ ,ith saniti'e ,a%-in!

tho"!h an antiseptic mateia% an$ so on.

• #ovision of $iect pipe%ine fom mi%- tan-e to the chi%%in! vat m"st be

into$"ce$. This inceases the -eepin! 5"a%ity of a, mi%- eceive$.

)*


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12. Product di5!r,ific)tio*

0'avo"e& yo#$"t

Bo!h"t ,ith vaio"s f%avoin! an$ aoma a$$itives is vey pop"%a a%tho"!h the ten$

bac- to,a$s nat"a% yo!h"t is c%ea%y $iscenib%e on some ma-ets. Common a$$itives

ae f"it an$ beies in sy"p pocesse$ o as a p"ee. The popotion of f"it is "s"a%%y

abo"t 1&L of ,hich abo"t &L is s"!a.

The f"it is miFe$ ,ith the yo!h"t befoe o in conj"nction ,ith pac-in!P it can %so be

p%ace$ in the bottom of the pac- befoe the %atte is fi%%e$ ,ith yo!h"t. 6%tenative%y the

f"it can be sepaate%y pac-e$ in a t,in c"p inte!ate$ ,ith the basic c"p.

Sometimes yo!h"t is a%so f%avoe$ ,ith vani%%a honey coffee essences etc. co%oin! an$

s"!a in the fom of s"cose !%"cose o aspatame a s"!a>fee $iet s,eetene ae often

a$$e$ to!ethe ,ith the f%avoin!. Stabi%i'es may a%so be a$$e$ to mo$ify the

consistency ,hen necessay. The a$$itives incease the $y matte content of the finishe$

yo!h"tP a typica% composition fo f"it yo!h"t is

+at X .&>3.1L

9actose X 3>4.&L

(i%- so%i$s non fat 13L

Stabi%i'e L

Fhey p"otein concent"ate4

?hey is a %i$"i$ by>po$"ct of $aiy po$"cts. Removin! the ,ate es"%ts in ,hey

potein concentates


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may be ecovee$ by thei heat>$enat"ation an$ aci$ pecipitation fo%%o,e$ by fi%tation

o centif"!ation.

The ,hey poteins sepaate$ by any of the above pocesses may be "se$ in ba-in! baby

foo$s ice>ceam miFes ,hippin! a!ents em"%sifyin! a!ents $iet foo$ bevea!es etc

1". REFERENCES:

• 6chaya #.#. TeFt 0oo- of Daiy Chemisty. i!h%an$ #"b%ication

#vt.9t$.0hotahity :athman$" Nepa%

• 6chaya #. #. TeFt 0oo- of Daiy Techno%o!y. i!h%an$ #"b%ication

#vt.9t$.0hotahity :athman$" Nepa%

• De S"-"ma. O"t%ines of Daiy Techno%o!y OFfo$ Univesity #ess @ai Sin!h

Roa$ Ne, De%hi

• 0ista 6. an$ Shestha #. p%ant Tainin! at Nepa% Daiy

#vt 9t$ Dhapa-he% 9a%itp". #oject epot 0 Tech.


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#ilk receiving vat

!/0 section

14.ANNE6 I

Pict$"es4

*


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&ream eparator

utomatic illing #achine

*1


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,atch !asteuri"er

ilo

*2


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#ilk torage 1ats

utomatic #ilk illing #achines*3


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geing 1ats

&ontinuous ree"ing and 2hipping #achine

*4


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,oiler for team eneration

,oiler for /ot 2ater eneration*&


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4ce ,ank Tank

&ooling To'er

*)


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ANNE6 II:

1= Refi!eation cyc%e

**


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8 Iceate" cyc'e4

*


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%8 !team cyc'e4

*/


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(8 @ot ate" cyc'e4


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*8 IP cyc'e4

2_nepal Dairy Pvt Vv

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Transcript of 2_nepal Dairy Pvt Vv