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AZHCHNÏA A \@ ETH@HZKH

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Ehrtázar ml ca A a ca R - \` ácduodkhnráikeh. Lmkekõ` ac eukmamh ml AurhraDlr`ármlz y Earcls Ácvarlz Narrkna. AcianuaraOëxkeh, 4:1=. 515 páns.

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Lstl ácduo dkhnráikeh rlehrrl thma ca vkma cktlrarka ml BuckhEhrtázar7 mlsml sus k`kekhs, prlpara`mh u` mkseursh ac ik`ackzar suslstumkhs l` ca lseulca `hroac ml prhilshrls –Oarka`h Aehsta‟, mlDul`hs Akrls7 trhplza`mh (eh` dul`hs vkl`ths) eh` zarpa trlpkma`tl,mlsml u`a ekumam dh`alrl`sl qul mlbarïa a añhs cuz sus oklmhs pulrkcls,

mh`ml u`a vlca clbhs ml ca fadktaekõ` l`thr`ama l` cas lseacas ml ca easa

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mlstrueekõ` thtac h parekac, ml fhrokna a fhrokna, mlc ou`mh qulskloprl `hs fa kopulsth rlncas, mlsml plqulñhs. Tayulca  vk`h parasacvar a chs bõvl`ls ml chs slsl`tas, vk`h a lxhrekzarchs ml prlnu`tas, aa`koarchs a prhdar u`a y htra vlz aqulcca `uolrhchnïa sactark`a, qul

fadïa qul hrml`arca, qul fadïa qul sacvar`hs skl`mh chs oásfhrrkpkca`tls oh`struhs qul ac cllr l` mlshrml` aqulc lxtrañh ckdrh,erládaohs u` ou`mh apartl7 u` ckdrh-slokmkõs, u` Nhclo eh` vkmacktlrarka prhpka. Oïtkeh ac ik`7 y phr lc ik` ml cas eausas vktacls qulehokl`za` phr mlstazar u`a fhba slea para lxaok`ar u` oapa vktaceadkmh l` u`a shca oa`h. Ehlxkstkl`mh l`trl sï7 para mar`hs, `h rlncas,sk`h prlnu`tas oltaiïskeas para mlslsplramhs, patamas lxkstl`ekacls qul`hs lopuba` ac avlr`h h a ca nchrka, mh`ml u` páckmh nhdlr`a`tl

lspkrktuac lstkra h rltral `ulstrh lspïrktu atrkducamh ml prlnu`tas2

–  ̧L`eh`trarïa a ca Oana 8 ]a`tas vlels ol fadïa dastamh ashoarol,vk`kl`mh phr ca rul ml Ulk`l, ac areh qul ma ac Quak ml Eh`tk, y apl`as cacuz ml el`kza y hckvh qul ichta shdrl lc rïh ol mlbada mkstk`nukr cas ihroas, yasu skculta mlcnama sl k`serkdïa l` lc Zh`t mls Arts, a vlels a`ma`mh ml u`camh a htrh, a vlels mltl`kma l` lc prltkc ml fklrrh, k`eck`ama shdrl lc anua. [lra ta` `aturac eruzar ca eaccl, sudkr chs plcmañhs mlc pul`tl, l`trar l` sumlcnama ek`tura y aelrearol a ca Oana qul sh`rlïa sk` shrprlsa, eh`vl`ekma

ehoh yh ml qul u` l`eul`trh easuac lra ch ol`hs easuac l` `ulstras vkmas, yqul ca nl`tl qul sl ma ektas prleksas ls ca oksoa qul `lelskta paplc rayamh

 para lserkdkrsl h qul aprklta mlsml adabh lc tudh ml ml`tïirkeh‟ 

(1, 11;).

\`a bhvl`ekta `hrtlaolrkea`a sacvama ml sukekmarsl nraekas aTayulca, oa`tuvh ehrrlsph`ml`eka eh` lc authr ml Òctkoh rhu`m7 k`ecush

cl l`vkada phloas. Cl eh`tõ ac authr ml 94/Ohmlch para aroar , qul nraekasa su ckdrh, lc euac clyõ mlsml ca `hefl fasta lc aoa`lelr mlc htrh mïa.]l`kl`mh shdrl ca olsa cas pastkccas para oatarsl, vkh u` ckdrh l` cafadktaekõ` ml su aokna7 ch clyõ fasta lc aoa`lelr. Tayulca  ca ayumõ aaoarsl, a qulrlr ca vkma tac ehoh `hs ls mama7 eh` sus prlnu`tas, eh`sus rlspulstas adklrtas y sus plqulñlels qul ouefas vlels sh` cailckekmam oás k`adareadcl ml u` erlpòseuch sacvh, mlsclïmh l` lcaoa`lelr ml chs mïas qul ya `h sl phsph`l`.

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Zuls lstl Erh`hpkh `h sõch `hs rlnacõ, sk`h qul `hs k`trhmubh l`sus kopl`sadcls atoõsilras7 phrqul para ëc ehoh para sus plrsh`abls,ehoh vl`kmhs ml ca rlackmam, sus rlcaths“chs olbhrls mlc në`lrh, para caerïtkea lsplekackzama“  lra` apl`as `lduchsas, vërtknhs h eòouchs ml

kmlas a lxhrekzar qul k`lvktadclol`tl cl shdrlvl`ïa` a euacquklr fhramlc sulñh h ca vknkcka, eh` ca eadlza ckdrl para ph`lrsl a pl`sar. Eul`tal` u`a earta, qul su tradabh ehoh lopaqultamhr l` u`a kophrtamhra mlckdrhs cl plroktïa lstl lblrekekh2 kmlar acnu`hs ml sus olbhrls eul`ths,phrqul tl`ïa ca eadlza ckdrl y cas oa`hs heupamas. Easa thoama, phrlblopch, ls lc lblrekekh ml oayhr rknhr lstkcïstkeh, arrhbamh ehoh u` nra`vërtknh cïqukmh ac mlsplrtar, ml u` tkrõ`, ehoh ch a`htarïa ëc oksoh l`u`a ml sus l`trlvkstas para Tamkh ]lclvkskõ` Lspañhca, eh` Bhaquï`

Uhclr.Ouefas vlels l`eh`traohs l` u` paslh phr ca ekumam, u`

flrvkmlrh ml kmlas, pcl`as ml párraihs7 qul, cclnamh lc ohol`th, `hsl`eaml`a` a ca oáquk`a ml fksthrkas, fasta lc pu`th qul, mlslsplramhs,cas arrhbaohs ehoh u` võokth oh`struhsh7 sk` oás, shdrl lc paplc,fasta qulmar`hs vaekamhs ml thma sulrtl ml azarls iketkekhs.

Ehrtázar, eh`skmlrada ac eul`th ehoh u`a ihthnraiïa, ehoh caoòskea ml eáoara, mknaohs7 y a u` ikco, ehoh u`a `hvlca, ehoh ca pcl`ahrqulstaekõ` ml u` thmh oás ehopclth. Zuls, shstl`ïa qul lc eul`th lrau`a atoõsilra k`aohvkdcl, phr lc ckrksoh qul su `aturaclza koprln`a l`chs clethrls7 phr su prlekskõ` ihroac y su leh`hoïa cëxkea ouefas vlelstrascapama eh` ca phlsïa. \`a `hvlca, l` eaodkh, lra ehoparama eh` u`aplcïeuca. Eh`stada ml u`a slrkl eh`eatl`ama ml ihthnraiïas, qulsuplrpulstas, oh`tamas h eh` lileths ouctkehchrls ihroada` lceaclkmhsehpkh clxkehnráikeh oás carnh l`trl chs në`lrhs `arratkvhs h

olta `arratkvhs“

phr ektar lc u`kvlrsh ehrtazarka`h“

.Ou`mhs a dhrmh ml chs euacls sl mlspadkcada eh` lc –ehrrlr lcvasth rïh ml chs pl`saokl`ths y chs aileths‟, eh` ca iaekckmam eh` ca qullserkdkõ ek`eh thohs ml Eartas a sus aoknhs oás elrea`hs, l` cas euacls,au`, mlsplrmknada u`a ml cas olbhrls phëtkeas rlu`kmas oás amlca`tl,l` l` Uacvh lc erlpòseuch,  Zaolhs y olhpas7 y phr quë hdvkarch, lcoaccarola`h  Zrlsl`eka, lserkth l` 1;5;7 aoë` ml thma ca phlsïa qull`ear`a` sus eul`ths, ehoh ëc oksoh ch fa oa`kilstamh.

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Uadkma su amokraekõ` phr lc Efl, u` mïa acnukl` cl mkh a cllr u`rlcath shdrl ca vkma ml lstl nulrrkcclrh, ehopatrkhta suyh, okl`trasvkabada` l` lc avkõ`7 y lc Efl mkbh qul lra dul`h plrh qul `h clk`tlrlsada7 a ch euac Ehrtázar, aclnrl, lxprlsõ qul fadïa skmh ca olbhrhpk`kõ` qul fadïa lseuefamh, bu`taol`tl eh` ca ml u` lmkthr phcaehqul rllmktõ Tayulca  l` lsl païs, `h prleksaol`tl phrqul ca fayal`tl`mkmh, sk`h phr ca turda ml bõvl`ls qul ca aecaoarh` para slrrllmktama l` lshs rlk`hs shekackstas.

]ramuethr ml ca \`lseh eask thma su vkma, cas rlnacïas ml susckdrhs apl`as l` cas prkolras mëeamas sl ekreu`serkdïa` a ëcktlsk`tlcletuacls. Tlekë` eh` ca pudckeaekõ` ml Tayulca, ac knuac qul AclbhEarpl`tklr eh` Lc sknch ml cas cuels, ca vkma ml cktlrarka ml Ehrtázar sl

ccl`arïa ml icasfls, l`trlvkstas y pudckeaekh`ls plrkõmkeas nratuktas hpanamas, l` thmh lc pca`lta. Zlrh cl ohclstada ca sulrtl ml qul u`lserkthr sl eh`vkrtklra l` u`a k`mustrka pcanama ml shuvl`krs  y mlrllmkekh`ls eh` mkvlrsas tapas y thma ca euodka rlk`a`tl.

Ca aparkekõ` ml thohs lxplrkol`tacls ehoh Ca vulcta ac mïa l`hefl`ta ou`mhs, Chs auth`autas ml ca ehsohpksta,  Zrhsa mlc hdslrvathrkh, Òctkohrhu`m, ch eh`sanrarh` ehoh u` lserkthr qul kda pheh oás accá ml cas

pa`tanruëckeas y rkodhoda`tls l`slña`zas ml u` Acirlm Barry, Bla`Ehetlau7 h phr quë `h adarearch2 ¡Baols Bhyel!2 Uurrlackstas fasta lcfulsh. Eadl ol`ekh`ar, fadca`mh ml suprarrlacksoh, qul fhy l` mïapucuca` acnu`hs dchns rlcaekh`amhs a ca  pataiïskea, pacadra qul lck`vl`tarïa l` ca ehplth`a Tayulca.

 Buckh Zrleurshr, Buckh K`vl`thr ml ou`mhs l` u`a fhba ml paplctkplama a oáquk`a Hckvlttk7 mh`ml, Buckh Lsta`tl actïskoh ml hdblths oásrarhs qul l`eh`trada y lstada mkspulsth a ehcletar para shrprlsa ml sus

vkskta`tls. Buckh, Erh`hpkh @ulstrh. Tlfuïa ml ehegtakcs  cktlrarkhs,elrtáol`ls iastuhshs ehoh eatleòol`hs7 eh`nrlshs h eh`vlrsathrkhspara lserkthrls. Buckh, aoa`tl ml ca ihthnraiïa y mlc artl. Ëc `h qulrïa qulcas ccaoasl` –erïtkeas ml artl‟, a cas durkcamas l` su hikekh ml lserkthr mleatáchnhs para artkstas, a plmkmh aokeac. Lsth, ch ehcoarïa ml cask`nucarkmam ml lseashs aoknhs, acnu`hs ml lcchs murarïa` para thma u`avkma7 ehoh ls lc eash ml su lmkthr Zaeh Zhrròa7 lc phlta `hrtlaolrkea`h

Zauc Dcaegdur`7 Aclba`mra Zkzar`kg7 h lc `hvlcksta plrua`h-lspañhc

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Oarkh Yarnas Cchsa, qukl` ch eh`skmlrada u` oalstrh qul skloprllstada pl`mkl`tl ml sus ava`els, qukl` lchnkõ l` u`a earta a prhpõskthml ca cletura mlc olea`userkth ml Ca easa vlrml. \` mklstrh, acth y páckmhErh`hpkh, qul nraekas a su lstkch mhoëstkeh y sulcth ml pacadras,

 bunultõ` a raths7 oltaiïskeh fasta ca oëmuca l` htrhs pasabls, ch okrarïaml shscayh phr shdrl lc fhodrh, a Oarkh7 para qukl` lra u`a iklstaeua`mh chs Ehrtázar chs k`vktada` a acnu`a rlu`kõ` l` easa. OarkhYarnas Cchsa ch rleulrma ehoh u` lserkthr qul clbhs ml chs ehegtakcscktlrarkhs, sl l`elrrada ml ccl`h a mkselr`kr lc ou`mh l` su u`kvlrsh mlcltras, ml sktuaekh`ls oás da`acls7 chs oksohs qul, dl`mkths phr canraeka ml ca pacadra dkl` pulsta, eh`vlrtkrïa l` l`hrols fksthrkas, l`varkas hphrtu`kmamls, cclvamas a plcïeucas, ehoh ls lc eash ml Dchw \p,

dasama l` lc rlcath –Cas dadas mlc mkadch‟ . Ma` eul`ta ml lcch, chs thohsDlstkarkh, Cas aroas slerltas, Ik`ac ml bulnh, \`a ichr aoarkcca7  rlu`kmhs yprhchnamhs, ml òctkoh, phr lc authr ml Ca ekumam ml chs plrrhs.

Amokradcl tramuethr ml Lmnar Acca` Zhl, l`sayksta ehoh phehsl` lc oïtkeh thoh Koanl` ml Bfh` Glats, pudckeamh põstuoaol`tl7eh`suoamh oòskeh qul l` –Lc plrslnukmhr‟ amokrarïa cas mhtlsouskeacls ml Efarckl Zarglr.

Eua`mh u` plrkhmksta cl prlnu`tõ l` Zlrò2 –¸Quë pkl`sa ustlmml Oaiacma8‟, ëc cl eh`tlstõ2 –Lsh `h tkl`l ca ol`hr kophrta`eka. Chkophrta`tl ls ch qul Oaiacma pkl`sa ml oï‟.

A Buckh Ehrtázar cl ambumkeada` u` iacsh aira`elsaokl`th qul `hlra oás qul u` mlbh qul amqukrkõ ouy plqulñkth l` Druslccas7 y qul yal` Da`iklcm, su prkolra rlskml`eka l` Dul`hs Akrls, `h pumh lrramkear.Zarlekmh aira`elsaokl`th lra ehstuodrl ac fadcar, taodkë` l` chslserkthrls Oax Aud y Aclbh Earpl`tklr7 qukl`ls –prh`u`ekada` ca rr  a ca

ira`elsa‟. [a para ca ëphea l` qul ch k`vktarh` a ihroar partl mlc buramh mlEasa ml cas Aoërkeas l` Euda, `ulstrh Erh`hpkh lra u` okckta`tlnrlñumh, mlil`shr y askmuh amokramhr ml Ikmlc Eastrh, kmlac (busth h `h7plrh l` dul`a olmkma u` kmlac) qul mlil`mkõ fasta chs òctkohsk`sta`tls ml su vkma, phr ca ckdrl eausa shekacksta.

Eh` Hetavkh Zaz ca rleïprhea amokraekõ` iul busta l` dul`aolmkma. Aodhs lra` catk`haolrkea`hs, aodhs rlehrrklrh` varklmam ml

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në`lrhs y ca`zarh` acnu`hs vlrshs zl` qul ml slnurh Dasfh cll l` lsthsk`sta`tls shdrl lc vkl`th mhdca`mh chs elrlzhs l` ichr.

Uhdrl pkls ml pánk`a, ihthnraiïas k`ëmktas l` Zarks, Uakn`h`,Zhch`ka, Lspaña7 eartas, acnu`as ml lccas vkstas phr prkolra vlz7 Ehrtázar

ml ca A a ca R , ehoprl`ml u` acoa`aqul, ehoh ëc slnuraol`tl ch ccaoarïa,sk ch lstuvklra vkl`mh afhra7 ccl`h ml shrprlsas ehoh ca vlz l` qul trheõu`a hdra ml artl phr u` auth qul efheõ eh` u` qukhseh parkskl`sl mlplrkõmkehs, l` lc euac u`a vklblekta atl`mïa. H ca vlz l` qul u`a oublr chccaoõ Zltlr Za`, phr amhptar u`a aphskekõ` pheh slrka. Aoknh ml chsnaths y chs `kñhs, sus mhs l`hrols hbhs slparamhs ml nra` dïplmheïechpl, sl qulmarïa` lstupliaeths ca prkolra vlz qul hdslrvarh` a u`axhchtc l` u` aeuarkh. Hrqulstaekh`ls cktlrarkas qul partïa` ml ch

skopcl, y tlrok`ada` l` ch oltaiïskeh. Da`ackmamls ehcletkvas qulouefas vlels lra` amokramas phr nra`mls y plqulñhs fasta calstupliaeekõ` h ca cca`a prlsl`eka mlc lserkthr l` lc ckdrh atlshramh.]lxths ehoh cas Ohrlcka`as, qul tlhrkza` fasta lc ik` ml chs mïasltërlhs. [ ac ik`ac, u`h sl qulma eh` ca rlspulsta l`trl chs cadkhs, sk`sadlr quë faelr, sk sactar a ca prõxkoa easkcca l` ca rayulca, h vhcar caekumam, aehstamh shdrl lc eësplm, a ca lsplra ml ca pltrkikeaekõ` ml u`a`udl oackn`a, a ca qul fadïa qul iclefar, shearrh`aol`tl, patas pcai! Lcrlsth ml ca oaraña mulrol su oaravkccama vknkcka ml afhnamhs.

 Baeg Iariá` Elmrõ` 

Eabaoarea, =/:9/4:19

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXBaeg Iariá` Elmrõ`  (Zlrò, 1;>5). L`trl htrhs vhcòol`lscïrkehs fa pudckeamh Zasablrh krrlac (4::