Arduino Datasheet
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Transcript of Arduino Datasheet
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The Uno is a microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328P. It has
14 digital input/output pins (o!hich " can be used as P#$
outputs%& " analog inputs& a 1" $'
)uart cr*stal& a U+, connection& a
po!er -ac& an I+P header and areset button. It contains e0er*thing
needed to support the
microcontroller simpl* connect it to
a computer !ith a U+, cable or
po!er it !ith a Ato adapter orbatter* to get started.. ou can
tiner !ith *our U56 !ithout
!orr*ing too much about doing
something !rong& !orst casescenario *ou can replace the chip
or a e! dollars and start o0er
again.
http://www.atmel.com/images/Atmel-8271-8-bit-AVR-Microcontroller-ATmega48A-48PA-88A-88PA-168A-168PA-328-328P_datasheet_Complete.pdfhttp://www.atmel.com/images/Atmel-8271-8-bit-AVR-Microcontroller-ATmega48A-48PA-88A-88PA-168A-168PA-328-328P_datasheet_Complete.pdfhttp://www.atmel.com/images/Atmel-8271-8-bit-AVR-Microcontroller-ATmega48A-48PA-88A-88PA-168A-168PA-328-328P_datasheet_Complete.pdf
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7Uno7 means one in Italian and !as
chosen to mar the release o
Arduino +ot!are (I% 1.9. TheUno board and 0ersion 1.9 o
Arduino +ot!are (I% !ere the
reerence 0ersions o Arduino& no!
e0ol0ed to ne!er releases. The Unoboard is the irst in a series o U+,
Arduino boards& and the reerence
model or the Arduino platorm or
an e:tensi0e list o current& past or
outdated boards see the Arduinoinde: o boards.
ou can ind here *our board
!arrant* inormations.
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/warrantyhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/warranty
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;etting +tarted
ou can ind in the ;etting +tarted
section all the inormation *ou needto conigure *our board& use
the Arduino +ot!are (I%& and
start tiner !ith coding and
electronics.
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Softwarehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
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Technical specsMicrocontroller ATmega328P
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limit) -2!V
"igital I#O Pin$ 1% (o& 'ic proide P*M output)
P*M "igital I#O Pin$
Analog Input Pin$ "+ +urrent per I#O Pin 2! mA
"+ +urrent &or 3,3V Pin 5! mA
la$ Memor. 32 /0 (ATmega328P)o& 'ic !,5 /0 u$ed . ootloader
AM 2 /0 (ATmega328P)
44POM 1 /0 (ATmega328P)
+loc peed 1 M6
engt 8, mm
*idt 53,% mm
*eigt 25 g
http://www.atmel.com/Images/doc8161.pdfhttp://www.atmel.com/Images/doc8161.pdf
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Documentation
Programming The Uno can be programmed with
the Arduino Software (IDE). Select
Arduino!"enuino Uno from the
Tools # $oard menu (according to
the microcontroller on %our board).
&or details' see
the reference and tutorials.
The ATmega* on the Uno comes
preprogrammed witha bootloader that allows %ou to
upload new code to it without the
use of an e+ternal hardware
programmer. It communicates usingthe original ST,- protocol
(reference' / header 0les).
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Softwarehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Hacking/Bootloader?from=Tutorial.Bootloaderhttp://www.atmel.com/Images/doc2525.pdfhttp://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/avr061.ziphttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Softwarehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/HomePagehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Hacking/Bootloader?from=Tutorial.Bootloaderhttp://www.atmel.com/Images/doc2525.pdfhttp://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/avr061.zip
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1ou can also b%pass the bootloader
and program the microcontroller
through the I/SP (In2/ircuit SerialProgramming) header using Arduino
ISP or similar3 see these
instructions for details.
The ATmega45U (or *U in there64 and re6 boards) 0rmware
source code is a6ailable in the
Arduino repositor%. The
ATmega45U!*U is loaded with a
D&U bootloader' which can be
acti6ated b%7
• 8n 9e64 boards7 connecting the
solder :umper on the bac; of the
board (near the map of Ital%) andthen rese ing the *U.
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoISPhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoISPhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Hacking/Programmerhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Hacking/Programmerhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoISPhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoISPhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Hacking/Programmerhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Hacking/Programmer
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• 8n 9e6 or later boards7 there is
a resistor that pulling the *U!45U
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Although most computers pro6ide
their own internal protection' the
fuse pro6ides an e+tra la%er ofprotection. If more than - mA is
applied to the US$ port' the fuse
will automaticall% brea; the
connection until the short oro6erload is remo6ed.
DiBerences with other boards
The Uno diBers from all preceding
boards in that it does not use the
&TDI US$2to2serial dri6er chip.Instead' it features the Atmega45U
(Atmega*U up to 6ersion 9)
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programmed as a US$2to2serial
con6erter.
Power
The Uno board can be powered 6ia
the US$ connection or with an
e+ternal power suppl%. The powersource is selected automaticall%.
E+ternal (non2US$) power can come
either from an A/2to2D/ adapter
(wall2wart) or batter%. The adaptercan be connected b% plugging a
.4mm center2positi6e plug into the
board>s power :ac;. ?eads from a
batter% can be inserted in the "CD
and in pin headers of the P8=E9
connector.
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The board can operate on an
e+ternal suppl% from 5 to 6olts. If
supplied with less than 'howe6er' the - pin ma% suppl%
less than 06e 6olts and the board
ma% become unstable. If using more
than 4' the 6oltage regulator ma%o6erheat and damage the board.
The recommended range is to 4
6olts.
The power pins are as follows7
• in. The input 6oltage to the Uno
board when it>s using an e+ternal
power source (as opposed to - 6olts
from the US$ connection or otherregulated power source). 1ou can
suppl% 6oltage through this pin' or'
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if suppl%ing 6oltage 6ia the power
:ac;' access it through this pin.
• -.This pin outputs a regulated
- from the regulator on the board.
The board can be supplied with
power either from the D/ power
:ac; ( 2 4)' the US$ connector(-)' or the IC pin of the board (2
4). Suppl%ing 6oltage 6ia the -
or . pins b%passes the regulator'
and can damage %our board. =e
don>t ad6ise it.
• . A . 6olt suppl% generated
b% the on2board regulator.
@a+imum current draw is - mA.
• "CD. "round pins.
• I89E&. This pin on the Uno board
pro6ides the 6oltage reference with
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which the microcontroller operates.
A properl% con0gured shield can
read the I89E& pin 6oltage andselect the appropriate power source
or enable 6oltage translators on the
outputs to wor; with the - or ..
@emor% The ATmega* has ,$ (with .-
,$ occupied b% the bootloader). It
also has ,$ of S9A@ and 4 ,$ of
EEP98@ (which can be read and
written with the EEP98@ librar%).
Input and 8utput
See the mapping between Arduino
pins and ATmega*P ports. The
mapping for the Atmega*' 45*' and* is identical.
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/EEPROMhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/EEPROM
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Each of the 4F digital pins on the
Uno can be used as an input or
output'using pin@ode()'digital=rite()'
and digital9ead() functions. The%
operate at - 6olts. Each pin can
pro6ide or recei6e mA asrecommended operating condition
and has an internal pull2up resistor
(disconnected b% default) of 2-;
ohm. A ma+imum of FmA is the
6alue that must not be e+ceeded onan% I!8 pin to a6oid permanent
damage to the microcontroller.
In addition' some pins ha6e
specialiGed functions7
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/PinModehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/DigitalWritehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/DigitalReadhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/PinModehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/DigitalWritehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/DigitalRead
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• Serial7 (9) and 4 (T). Used to
recei6e (9) and transmit (T) TT?
serial data. These pins areconnected to the corresponding
pins of the ATmega*U US$2to2TT?
Serial chip.
•
E+ternal Interrupts7 and . These pins can be con0gured to
trigger an interrupt on a low 6alue'
a rising or falling edge' or a change
in 6alue. See the attachInterrupt()
function for details.
• P=@7 ' -' 5' H' 4' and 44.
Pro6ide *2bit P=@ output with the
analog=rite() function.
• SPI7 4 (SS)' 44 (@8SI)' 4
(@IS8)' 4 (S/,). These pins
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support SPI communication using
the SPI librar%.
• ?ED7 4. There is a built2in ?ED
dri6en b% digital pin 4. =hen the
pin is
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There are a couple of other pins on
the board7
• A9E&. 9eference 6oltage for the
analog inputs. Used with
analog9eference().
• 9eset. $ring this line ?8= to
reset the microcontroller. T%picall%
used to add a reset button to
shields which bloc; the one on the
board./ommunication
The Uno has a number of facilities
for communicating with a computer'
another Uno board' or othermicrocontrollers. The ATmega*
pro6ides UA9T TT? (-) serial
communication' which is a6ailable
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on digital pins (9) and 4 (T). An
ATmega45U on the board channels
this serial communication o6er US$and appears as a 6irtual com port to
software on the computer. The 45U
0rmware uses the standard US$
/8@ dri6ers' and no e+ternal dri6eris needed.
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A SoftwareSerial librar% allows serial
communication on an% of the Uno>s
digital pins.
The ATmega* also supports I/
(T=I) and SPI communication. The
Arduino Software (IDE) includes a
=ire librar% to simplif% use of theI/ bus3 see the documentation for
details. &or SPI communication' use
the SPI librar%.
Automatic (Software) 9eset9ather than reuiring a ph%sical
press of the reset button before an
upload' the Uno board is designed
in a wa% that allows it to be reset b%
software running on a connected
computer. 8ne of the hardware Jow
control lines (DT9) of the
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/SoftwareSerialhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Wirehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/SPIhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/SoftwareSerialhttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Wirehttps://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/SPI
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ATmega*U!45U is connected to
the reset line of the ATmega* 6ia
a 4 nanofarad capacitor. =henthis line is asserted (ta;en low)' the
reset line drops long enough to
reset the chip. The Arduino Software
(IDE) uses this capabilit% to allow%ou to upload code b% simpl%
pressing the upload button in the
interface toolbar. This means that
the bootloader can ha6e a shorter
timeout' as the lowering of DT9 canbe well2coordinated with the start of
the upload.
This setup has other implications.
=hen the Uno is connected toeither a computer running @ac 8S
or ?inu+' it resets each time a
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connection is made to it from
software (6ia US$). &or the following
half2second or so' the bootloader isrunning on the Uno. =hile it is
programmed to ignore malformed
data (i.e. an%thing besides an
upload of new code)' it will interceptthe 0rst few b%tes of data sent to
the board after a connection is
opened. If a s;etch running on the
board recei6es one2time
con0guration or other data when it0rst starts' ma;e sure that the
software with which it
communicates waits a second after
opening the connection and beforesending this data.
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The Uno board contains a trace that
can be cut to disable the auto2reset.
The pads on either side of the tracecan be soldered together to re2
enable it. It>s labeled 9ESET2EC.
1ou ma% also be able to disable the
auto2reset b% connecting a 44 ohmresistor from - to the reset line3
see this forum thread for details.
9e6isions
9e6ision of the board has the
following new features7
• 4. pinout7 added SDA and S/?
pins that are near to the A9E& pin
and two other new pins placed nearto the 9ESET pin' the I89E& that
allow the shields to adapt to the
http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php/topic,22974.0.htmlhttp://forum.arduino.cc/index.php/topic,22974.0.html
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6oltage pro6ided from the board. In
future' shields will be compatible
with both the board that uses theA9' which operates with - and
with the Arduino Due that operates
with .. The second one is a not
connected pin' that is reser6ed for
future purposes.
• Stronger 9ESET circuit.
• Atmega 45U replace the *U.