Articulos de Derecho Procesal

46
(0%$5*2 (1 6$/$5,2 < 27526 58%526 &$/&8/2 '2%/( ,17(535(7$&,f1 < 1(&(6$5,$ 81,),&$&,f1 '( &5,7(5,2 /XHJR GH PDV GH FXDWUR DjRV GH HQWUDGD HQ YLJHQFLD GHO &lGLJR 3URFHVDO &LYLO \ 0HUFDQWLO DXQ SHUVLVWH XQ SUREOHPD UHVSHFWR DO HPEDUJR HQ 6DODULRV \ HV TXH VH OH KD GDGR XQD GREOH LQWHUSUHWDFLlQ DO $UW &3&0 \ XQD PDV DPELJXD HQ HVWD RSRUWXQLGDG TXLHUR H[SOLFDU FRPR VH UHDOL]D HO FDOFXOR HQ DPEDV LQWHUSUHWDFLRQHV \ PLV FRQVLGHUDFLRQHV UHVSHFWR DO SXQWR YDOH GHFLU TXH HO SUHVHQWH DUWiFXOR OR HVFULER SRU TXH PH KH SHUFDWDGR GH OD YDULDELOLGDG GH FULWHULRV GH DSOLFDFLlQ GH GLFKD QRUPD SRU ORV WULEXQDOHV HQ WDO VHQWLGR +DFH \D DOJnQ WLHPSR HQ RWUR VLWLR ZHE SXEOLTXH XQD 7$%/$ '( (0%$5*2 \ OD PDV DFWXDOL]DGD SXHGH VHU GHVFDUJDGD GH &$/&8/2 '( (0%$5*26 3DUD HO FDOFXOR GHO PLVPR VREUH OD EDVH GHO $UW &3&0 PLVPD HQ OD FXDO VH SXHGH FDOFXODU HO SRUFHQWDMH D HPEDUJDU HQ ODV PRGDOLGDGHV DFHSWDGDV SRU ORV WULEXQDOHV 6LQ HPEDUJR QR HV SRVLEOH TXH DXQ VH HVWH DSOLFDQGR GLYHUVRV FULWHULRV HQ FDGD WULEXQDO SXHVWR TXH FRPR VDEHPRV DWHQWD FRQWUD OD VHJXULGDG MXULGLFD (Q WDO VHQWLGR LQWHQWDUH H[SOLFDU ORV PHWRGRV DFHSWDGRV SDUD WUDEDU HPEDUJR HQ VDODULR R HTXLYDOHQWH (Q RWUD SXEOLFDFLlQ SRVWHULRU GLVFXWLUHPRV FXDO HV HO FULWHULR PDV DGHFXDGR D OD OH\ \ HO TXH FUHHPRV HV HO FRUUHFWR DVi FRPR SDUD WDPELHQ GLVFXWLU OR HYLGHQWH OD QHFHVLGDG GH VX XQLILFDFLlQ GH FULWHULR HQ WRGRV ORV WULEXQDOHV GH OD UHSnEOLFD SHUR SRU KR\ QRV FRQFHQWUDUHPRV HQ HO DVSHFWR SUgFWLFR GHO WHPD 6LQ SHUMXLFLR GH OR H[SXHVWR HQ HVWDV OLQHDV VL KD\ RWUR PhWRGR GLYHUVRV D ORV H[SXHVWRV SDUD FDOFXODU HO SRUFHQWDMH HPEDUJDU DJUDGHFHUiD TXH OR FRPHQWHQ DO ILQDO

description

Artículos escritos por el Licenciado Luis Pérez que tienen relevancia en el Ambito Procesal Salvadoreño, en tal sentido suponen una herramienta practica a tener en cuenta.

Transcript of Articulos de Derecho Procesal

Page 1: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

(0%$5*2�(1�6$/$5,2�<�2752658%526� �&$/&8/2� �'2%/(,17(535(7$&,f1 �< �1(&(6$5,$81,),&$&,f1�'(�&5,7(5,2�

/XHJR�GH�PDV�GH�FXDWUR�DjRV�GH�HQWUDGD�HQ�YLJHQFLD�GHO�&lGLJR�3URFHVDO�&LYLO�\0HUFDQWLO��DXQ�SHUVLVWH�XQ�SUREOHPD�UHVSHFWR�DO�HPEDUJR�HQ�6DODULRV��\�HV�TXH�VHOH�KD�GDGR�XQD�GREOH�LQWHUSUHWDFLlQ�DO�$UW������&3&0�\�XQD�PDV�DPELJXD��HQ�HVWDRSRUWXQLGDG�TXLHUR�H[SOLFDU�FRPR�VH�UHDOL]D�HO�FDOFXOR�HQ�DPEDV�LQWHUSUHWDFLRQHV\�PLV�FRQVLGHUDFLRQHV�UHVSHFWR�DO�SXQWR��YDOH�GHFLU�TXH�HO�SUHVHQWH�DUWiFXOR�ORHVFULER�SRU�TXH�PH�KH�SHUFDWDGR�GH�OD�YDULDELOLGDG�GH�FULWHULRV�GH�DSOLFDFLlQ�GHGLFKD�QRUPD�SRU�ORV�WULEXQDOHV��HQ�WDO�VHQWLGR�

+DFH�\D�DOJnQ�WLHPSR�HQ�RWUR�VLWLR�ZHE�SXEOLTXH�XQD�7$%/$�'(�(0%$5*2��\�ODPDV�DFWXDOL]DGD�SXHGH�VHU�GHVFDUJDGD�GH��&$/&8/2�'(�(0%$5*26��3DUD�HOFDOFXOR�GHO�PLVPR�VREUH�OD�EDVH�GHO�$UW������&3&0��PLVPD�HQ�OD�FXDO�VH�SXHGHFDOFXODU �HO �SRUFHQWDMH �D �HPEDUJDU �HQ �ODV �PRGDOLGDGHV �DFHSWDGDV �SRU �ORVWULEXQDOHV�

6LQ�HPEDUJR�QR�HV�SRVLEOH�TXH�DXQ�VH�HVWH�DSOLFDQGR�GLYHUVRV�FULWHULRV�HQ�FDGDWULEXQDO��SXHVWR�TXH�FRPR�VDEHPRV�DWHQWD�FRQWUD�OD�VHJXULGDG�MXULGLFD�

(Q�WDO�VHQWLGR�LQWHQWDUH�H[SOLFDU�ORV�PHWRGRV�DFHSWDGRV�SDUD�WUDEDU�HPEDUJR�HQVDODULR�R�HTXLYDOHQWH�

(Q�RWUD�SXEOLFDFLlQ�SRVWHULRU�GLVFXWLUHPRV�FXDO�HV�HO�FULWHULR�PDV�DGHFXDGR�D�ODOH\�\�HO�TXH�FUHHPRV�HV�HO�FRUUHFWR��DVi�FRPR�SDUD�WDPELHQ�GLVFXWLU�OR�HYLGHQWH��ODQHFHVLGDG�GH�VX�XQLILFDFLlQ�GH�FULWHULR�HQ�WRGRV�ORV�WULEXQDOHV�GH�OD�UHSnEOLFD�SHUR�SRU�KR\�QRV�FRQFHQWUDUHPRV�HQ�HO�DVSHFWR�SUgFWLFR�GHO�WHPD�

6LQ�SHUMXLFLR�GH�OR�H[SXHVWR�HQ�HVWDV�OLQHDV��VL�KD\�RWUR�PhWRGR�GLYHUVRV�D�ORVH[SXHVWRV�SDUD�FDOFXODU�HO�SRUFHQWDMH�HPEDUJDU��DJUDGHFHUiD�TXH�OR�FRPHQWHQ�DOILQDO�

www.iusvirtual.com
Luis Héctor Pérez: [email protected]
Page 2: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

c&202�&$/&8/$5/2"$QWHV�GH�SHQVDU�HQ�HO�FDOFXOR�GHEHPRV�GH�WHQHU�HQ�FXHQWD�OD�QRUPD�DSOLFDEOH��HOPRQWR�GHO�VDODULR�PLQLPR��\�HO�MX]JDGR�GRQGH�VH�YD�UHDOL]DU�HO�HPEDUJR��HVWR�SDUDHIHFWRV�GH�FXDO�HV�HO�FULWHULR�DSOLFDEOH��

/D�QRUPD�TXH�YDPRV�D�WRPDU�GH�EDVH�HV�OD�VLJXLHQWH�

(PEDUJR�GH�VDODULRV

$UW��������7DPELdQ�HV�LQHPEDUJDEOH�HO�VDODULR��VXHOGR��SHQVLfQ��UHWULEXFLfQ�R�VXHTXLYDOHQWH��HQ�FXDQWR�QR�H[FHGD�GH�GRV�VDODULRV�PdQLPRV��XUEDQRV��PbVDOWRV�YLJHQWHV�����

6REUH �ODV �FDQWLGDGHV �SHUFLELGDV �HQ �WDOHV �FRQFHSWRV �TXH �H[FHGDQ �GH �GLFKDFXDQWeD�VH�SRGUc�WUDEDU�HPEDUJR�GH�DFXHUGR�FRQ�OD�VLJXLHQWH�SURSRUFLfQ�

/XHJR �GHEHPRV �FRQVXOWDU �OD �WDEOD �GH �6DODULRV �PiQLPRV �SXEOLFDGD �SRU �HO0,1,67(5,2�'(�75$%$-2�<�35(9,6,e1�62&,$/��OR�FXDO�OR�SRGHPRV�KDFHU�HQ�HOVLJXLHQWH�(QODFH��SDUD�HO�FDVR�HQ�HVWD�IHFKD�HO�VDODULR�XUEDQR�PDV�DOWR�YLJHQWH�HVHO�GHO�VHFWRU�&20(5&,2�\�6HUYLFLR�HV�GHFLU�

Page 3: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

&$/&8/2 �35(/,0,1$5(6 �3$5$ �$0%260(72'26�(VWH�PhWRGR�VXSRQH�VHU�HO�PDV�VHQFLOOR�\�SDUD�HOOR��OR�SULPHUR�HV�GHILQLU�ODVYDULDEOHV�

60 �6$/$5,2�0,1,02

6, 6$/$5,2�,1(0%$5*$%/(����6$/$5,26�0,1,026�

6( �6$/$5,2�(10$%$5*$/(

6(� �6$/$5,2�(10$%$5*$/(�(1�'2/$5(6�

5 �6$/$5,2��5(75,%8&,e1

� �325&(17$-(�$�$3/,&$5�

0( �02172�$�(0%$5*$5�0(168$/0(17(�

60H �&$17,'$'�'(�6$/$5,26�0,1,026�&2035(1','26�(1�(/�6$/$5,23(5&,%,'2�

/R�SULPHUR�HV�VDEHU�FXDQWRV�6DODULRV�0iQLPRV�HVWgQ�FRPSUHQGLGRV�HQ�HO6DODULR�R�5HWULEXFLlQ�TXH�VH�UHFLEH�OD�SHUVRQD�D�HPEDUJDU� �SDUD�HOORKDFHPRV�OD�VLJXLHQWH�RSHUDFLlQ�FRQ�ODV�YDULDEOHV�DQWHV�DSXQWDGDV�

60H� �5��m��60

(MHPSOR��6L�SHUFLELPRV�XQD�UHWULEXFLfQ�R�VDODULR�GH�86'���������

60H ��86'���������m�86'�������

60H ������6DODULRV�

1RWD��HO�QgPHUR�GHFLPDO�������QR�HV�FDQWLGDG�GH�GLQHUR�VLQR�VLJQLILFD�OD�FDQWLGDG

Page 4: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

GH�VDODULRV�TXH�H[LVWHQ�R�HVWcQ�FRPSUHQGLGRV�GHQWUR�GH�OD�UHWULEXFLfQ�

8QD�YH]�FRQWDPRV�FRQ�OD�FDQWLGDG�GH�VDODULRV�PiQLPRV�FRPSUHQGLGRV�HQHO�SHUFLELGR��60H���GHEHPRV�REOLJDGDPHQWH�UHVWDU�ORV�GRV�VDODULRV�TXH�ODQRUPD�$UW������&3&0��3XHV�HVWRV�VRQ�LQHPEDUJDEOHV��SDUD�HO�HMHPSOR�ODRSHUDFLlQ�VHULD�

6(� �60H�q�6,

6( ������q��

6( �����

(Q�HO�HMHPSOR�HV�UHOHYDQWH�TXH�FRQVHUYHPRV�HO�GDWR�REWHQLGR�HQ�OD�YDULDEOH�6(� ������TXH�UHSUHVHQWD�OR�TXH�VH�SXHGH�HPEDUJDU�HQ�XQ�VDODULR�GH�86'����������TXH�D�VX�YH]�HV�HO�HTXLYDOHQWH�GH�PXOWLSOLFDU�86'��������SRU�6(�������HV�LJXDO�D6(� �86'����������HQ�WDO�FDVR�HO�PRQWR�D�HPEDUJDU�VHUg�

6H�DSOLFD�HO����VHJnQ�WDEOD�

� �����HQWRQFHV�

0(� �6(��[��

0(� �86'��������[���� �86'������

&$/&8/2 �325 �(/ �0(72'2 �//$0$'2 �'(325&(17$-( �),-2�%LHQ� �XQD �YH] �GHWHUPLQDGR �FXDQWR �HV �HO �VDODULR �HPEDUJDEOH ��6(� �HQWRQFHVSURFHGHPRV�D�YHULILFDU�HQ�OD�WDEOD�GH�SURSRUFLRQHV��FXDQWLDV��HVFDjRV�R�FRPRTXLHUD�OODPDUOHV��OD�OH\�KDEOD�GH�FXDQWLDV��FRPR�YHPRV�HO�VDODULR�HPEDUJDEOH�HQ�HOHMHPSOR �HV �GH �86'������� �HTXLYDOHQWH �D ����� �VDODULRV �HPEDUJDEOHV� �GH �WDOPDQHUD�TXH�DSOLFD�SDUD�OD�SULPHUD�FXDQWiD�HV�GHFLU����VREUH�HO�UHPDQHQWH�DHPEDUJDU�

(V�GHFLU�TXH�WHQHPRV�GRV�LQGLFDGRUHV�SDUD�XELFDUOR�HQ�OD�WDEOD�XQR�HQ�FDQWLGDGGH�VDODULRV�6(�\�RWUR�HQ�FDQWLGDG�GH�GLQHUR�6(���FXDOTXLHUD�GH�ORV�GRV�VLUYH�SDUD

Page 5: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

XELFDU�HQ�OD�WDEOD�HO�SRUFHQWDMH�D�HPEDUJDU�HQ�HVWD�PRGDOLGDG�

9HDPRV�XQ�HMHPSOR�TXH�H[FHGD�GHO�����WRPDQGR�HQ�FRQVLGHUDFLlQ�ODV�YDULDEOH�\DGHILQLGDV�SDUD�XQ�VDODULR�R�UHWULEXFLlQ�GH�86'����������PHQVXDO�

5� �86'���������

6,� �60�[��

6(�� �5�q�6,�

6(�� �86'����������q��86'�������[���� �86'���������

6(� ��5�q�6,���m�60

6( �������6$/$5,26�&2035(1','26�(1�/2�(0%$5*$%/(�

6H�DSOLFD�HO�����VHJnQ�WDEOD�

� ������HQWRQFHV�

0( �6(��[��

0(� �86'���������[����� �86'�������

(V�GHFLU�TXH�XQ�VDODULR�GH�86'�����������SRU�PXFKR�H[FHGH�ODV�FXDQWiDV�SXHVKD\�6,(7(�SXQWR�6(7(17$�<�'26�VDODULRV�PiQLPRV�HPEDUJDEOHV��SRU�WDO�UD]lQ�OHHV�DSOLFDEOH�HO�����DO�VDODULR�HPEDUJDEOH��SXHV�FRPR�SRGUg�YHUVH�HQ�OD�WDEOD�SDUDOD�SULPHUD�FXDQWiD�TXH�FRPSUHQGH�GRV�VDODULRV��OXHJR�SDUD�OD�VHJXQGD�KDVWD�XQRDGLFLRQDO�HV�GHFLU���VDODULRV�PiQLPRV��SDUD�OD�WHUFHUD�XQ�VDODULR�PiQLPR�DGLFLRQDOHV�GHFLU�FXDWUR��\�DVi�VXFHVLYDPHQWH�KDVWD�TXH�LPSOLTXH�FLQFR�VDODULRV�PiQLPRV�VHDSOLFDUD�HO����SRU�FLHQWR��D�SDUWLU�GH�VHLV�VDODULRV�PiQLPRV�HPEDUJDEOHV�VH�DSOLFDHO������FRPR�HQ�HO�FDVR�GHO�nOWLPR�HMHPSOR�

3RU�TXH�VH�OH�OODPD�ILMR�SRU�TXH�VROR�VH�DSOLFD�XQ�SRUFHQWDMH�QR�GLYHUVRV�FRPRHQ�HO�PHWRGR�TXH�FRQWLQXDFLfQ�VH�LQWHQWD�H[SOLFDU�

Page 6: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

&$/&8/2 �325 �(/ �0(72'2 �//$0$'2(6&$/21$'2�3DUWLHQGR�GH�ORV�FgOFXORV�SUHOLPLQDUHV��DUULED�DSXQWDGRV�SDUWLPRV�GHO�HMHPSORGRQGH�OD�UHWULEXFLlQ�HV�GH�86'������������D�ILQ�GH�DEDUFDU�WRGDV�ORV�HVFDjRV�FXDQWiDV��SURSRUFLRQHV�R�FRPR�TXLHUD�OODPDUVHOHV��HQWRQFHV�WHQHPRV�

5� �86'���������

6,� �60�[��

6(�� �5�q�6,�

6(�� �86'����������q��86'�������[���� �86'��������

6(� ��5�q�6,���m�60

6( �������6$/$5,26�&2035(1','26�(1�/2�(0%$5*$%/(�

/R�DQWHULRU�VLJQLILFD�TXH�WHQHPRV������VDODULRV�TXH�SXHGHQ�VHU�HPEDUJDGRV��SRUVXSXHVWR�\D�KHPRV�GHVFRQWDGRV�ORV�GRV�SULPHURV�VDODULRV�TXH�VRQ�LQHPEDUJDEOHV�SDUD�HIHFWRV�GH�HVWH�PhWRGR�DJUHJDUH�HVWDV�YDULDEOHV�

0$Q �0RQWR�DFXPXODGR�SRU�HVFDjR��4XH�VHUg�OD�VXPDWRULD�GH�ORV�UHVXOWDGRV�SRUFDGD�HVFDjR��GRQGH�Q� �FXDQWiD�

05� �0RQWR�UHPDQHQWH�SDUD�HPEDUJDU�HQ�OD�VLJXLHQWH�FXDQWiD�

3XHV�ELHQ��FRPR�HO�QRPEUH�OR�LQGLFD�HV�HVFDORQDGR��SRU�TXH�DSOLFDPRV�WRGDV�ODVFXDQWiDV�VHJnQ�OD�SURSRUFLlQ�GHO�PRQWR�D�HPEDUJDU�\�VH�YDQ�DSOLFDQGRJUDGXDOPHQWH�VLHPSUH�\�FXDQGR�KD\D�XQ�H[FHGHQWH�TXH�VH�GHVERUGH�SDUD�ODVLJXLHQWH�FXDQWiD��HVWR\�FDVL�VHJXUR�TXH�HV�GLIiFLO�GH�HQWHQGHU��SHUR�HQ�UHDOLGDG�HVPDV�VHQFLOOR�GH�OR�TXH�SDUHFH�YDPRV�D�OD�SUDFWLFD�

<D�KLFLPRV�HO�FDOFXOR�TXH�WHQHPRV�������VDODULRV�TXH�SRGHPRV�HPEDUJDU�HVWR�HQGLQHUR�VLJQLILFD�86'�����������HVWR�GHO�WRWDO�GH�OD�UHWULEXFLlQ�GH�86'����������

Page 7: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

3DUD�OD�SULPHUD�FXDQWhD�'H�WDO�VXHUWH�TXH�HV�HYLGHQWH�TXH�H[FHGH�HO�VXSXHVWR�QRUPDWLYR�SDUD�OD�SULPHUDFXDQWiD��TXH�GLFH�

XQ�FLQFR�SRU�FLHQWR�SDUD�OD�SULPHUD�FXDQWeD�DGLFLRQDO�KDVWD�TXH�VXSRQJD�HOLPSRUWH�GHO�GREOH�GHO�VDODULR�PeQLPR��(672�(6�(48,9$/(17(�D���6$/$5,260,1,026��DFWXDOPHQWH�86'������

9HDPRV�OD�RSHUDFLlQ�D�UHDOL]DU��FRPR�YHPRV�TXH�86'����������HV�SRU�PXFKRVXSHULRU�D�ORV�86'��������TXH�LPSOLFD�OD�SULPHUD�FXDQWiD��QRV�SHUFDWDPRV�TXHFXPSOH�FRQ�HO�SULPHU�HVFDjR�GH�OD�QRUPD�FRQWHQLGD�HQ�HO�$UW������&3&0��SXHVGHQWUR�GH�OR�VXVFHSWLEOH�GH�HPEDUJR�YDPRV�D�DSOLFDU�HO����KDVWD�HO�LPSRUWH�GH�ORV86'��������GREOH�VDODULR�PiQLPR���\�DFXPXODPRV�XQ�UHPDQHQWH�UHVWDQGR�HVRV86'�������GHO�WRWDO�HPEDUJDEOH�86'�����������SDUD�VHJXLU�RSHUDQGR�FRQ�ORVVLJXLHQWHV�HVFDjRV�R�FXDQWiDV�

6(� ��������������(O�VDODULR�HPEDUJDEOH

60� �����������6DODULR�PLQLPR

�60 �����������6HJnQ�OD�UHGDFFLlQ�GH�OD�QRUPD�VRQ�GRV�VDODULRV�PiQLPRV�SDUD�ODSULPHUD�FXDQWiD

�� ���������3RU�VHU�OD�SULPHUD�FXDQWiD�DSOLFDPRV�HO���SRU�FLHQWR��

0$� ��60�[������(V�GHFLU

0$�� ��������[���� ������������&DQWLGDG�TXH�FRUUHVSRQGH�DO�HPEDUJR�HQ�ODSULPHUD�FXDQWiD�TXH�VH�DFXPXOD�DO�UHVWR�GH�FXDQWiDV�

05� �6(�q��60

05� ����������q�������� ��������������5HPDQHQWH�SDUD�VHJXLU�RSHUDQGR�HQ�ODVVLJXLHQWHV �FXDQWiDV� �6, �12�+$<�5(0$1(17(�(1721&(6�+$67$�$48, �(/&$/&8/2�

&RPR�KD\�UHPDQHQWH�SDVDPRV�D�OD�VHJXQGD�FXDQWhD�XQ�GLH]�SRU�FLHQWR�SDUD�OD�FXDQWeD�DGLFLRQDO�KDVWD�HO�LPSRUWH�HTXLYDOHQWH�D�XQWHUFHU�VDODULR�PeQLPR�

Page 8: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

/D�QRUPD�GHEH�GH�HQWHQGHUVH�TXH�\D�OOHYDPRV�GRV�VDODULRV�HQ�OD�SULPHUD�FXDQWiD\�SRU�HVR�GHVFULEH�TXH�KDVWD�TXH�LPSOLTXH�XQ�VDODULR�DGLFLRQDO�FX\R�LPSRUWH�HV�HOGH�XQ�VDODULR�PiQLPR�HQ�HVH�VHQWLGR�SURFHGHPRV�KDFHU�OD�RSHUDFLlQ�VREUH�OD�EDVHGHO�UHPDQHQWH�GH�OD�DQWHULRU�FXDQWiD�HV�GHFLU�

05� �������������FRPR�YHPRV�H[FHGH�GH�XQ�VDODULR�PLQLPR�SRU�HVR�HV�DSWD�SDUDDSOLFDU �DO �SRUFHQWDMH �GHO ����SRU �FLHQWR �SHUR�VROR �SRU �HO �YDORU �GH�XQ�VDODULRPLQLPR��

�60 ������������HTXLYDOHQWH�D�XQ�VDODULR�PLQLPR�DGLFLRQDO�

0$� ��60�[��

0$�� ���������[����� �������

05� �6(�q��60

05� ���������������� � �������� ��� �PRQWR �TXH �TXHGD �SDUD �FgOFXORV �GH �ODVLJXLHQWH�FXDQWiD��

6,*8,(17(6�&8$17e$6��'(6'(�$48,�(/�352&(',0,(172�(66,0,/$5�$/�,10(',$72�$17(5,25�XQ�TXLQFH�SRU�FLHQWR�SDUD�OD�FXDQWeD�DGLFLRQDO�KDVWD�HO�LPSRUWH�HTXLYDOHQWH�D�XQFXDUWR�VDODULR�PeQLPR�

05� �������������FRPR�YHPRV�H[FHGH�GH�XQ�VDODULR�PiQLPR�SRU�HVR�HV�DSWD�SDUDDSOLFDU �DO �SRUFHQWDMH �GHO ����SRU �FLHQWR �SHUR�VROR �SRU �HO �YDORU �GH�XQ�VDODULRPiQLPR��

�60 ������������HTXLYDOHQWH�D�XQ�VDODULR�PiQLPR�DGLFLRQDO�

0$� ��60�[��

0$�� ���������[����� �������

05� �6(�q��60

05� ���������������� ���������PRQWR�TXH�TXHGD�SDUD�FgOFXORV�GH�OD�VLJXLHQWHFXDQWiD��

Page 9: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

XQ�YHLQWH�SRU�FLHQWR�SDUD�OD�FXDQWeD�DGLFLRQDO�KDVWD�HO�LPSRUWH�HTXLYDOHQWH�D�XQTXLQWR�VDODULR�PeQLPR�

05� ����������FRPR�YHPRV�H[FHGH�GH�XQ�VDODULR�PiQLPR�SRU�HVR�HV�DSWD�SDUDDSOLFDU �DO �SRUFHQWDMH �GHO ����SRU �FLHQWR �SHUR�VROR �SRU �HO �YDORU �GH�XQ�VDODULRPiQLPR��

�60 ������������HTXLYDOHQWH�D�XQ�VDODULR�PiQLPR�DGLFLRQDO�

0$� ��60�[��

0$�� ���������[����� �������

05� �6(�q��60

05� �������������� ���������PRQWR�TXH�TXHGD�SDUD�FgOFXORV�GH�OD�VLJXLHQWHFXDQWiD��

XQ�YHLQWLFLQFR�SRU�FLHQWR�SDUD�ODV�FDQWLGDGHV�TXH�H[FHGDQ�GH�HVWD�VXPD�

SDUD �HVWD �XOWLPD �FXDQWiD �XQLFDPHQWH �VH �VDFD �HO ���� �GHO �UHPDQHQWH �DQWHVDSXQWDGR�HV�GHFLU�

0$��� ��������[����� ��������

),1$/0(17(�

6XPDPRV�ORV�PRQWRV�DFXPXODGRV�HQ�FDGD�FXDQWiD�

0(� �0$����0$�����0$�����0$�����0$��

0(� ����������������������������������������������FDQWLGDGHV�HPEDUJDEOHVPHQVXDOPHQWH�SRU�FDGD�FXDQWiD�

0( �������������(67(�6(5,$�(/�02172�$�(0%$5*$5�(1�(67(�6(*81'20(72'2��

&RPR�SXHGH�REVHUYDUVH�HQ�HVWH�PhWRGR�HO�PRQWR�D�HPEDUJDU�HV�PHQRU�TXH�DOPRQWR�TXH�UHVXOWD�HQ�HO�HPEDUJR�FRQ�SRUFHQWDMH�IiVLFR��VREUH�HOORV�KD\�YDULDV

Page 10: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

FRQVLGHUDFLRQHV�KD�HPLWLU�TXH�VHUgQ�REMHWR�GHO�VLJXLHQWH�SRVW�

3RU�GH�SURQWR�OHV�GHMR�OD�XOWLPD�YHUVLlQ�GH�OD�WDEOD�SDUD�UHDOL]DU�ORV�FgOFXORV�GHPDQHUD�PDV�VHQFLOOD��GRQGH�nQLFDPHQWH�GHEHQ�GH�LQWURGXFLU�HO�VDODULR�PiQLPRYLJHQWH�\�HO�PRQWR�GHO�VDODULR��DUURMDQGR�ORV�UHVXOWDGRV�HQ�DPERV�PhWRGRV��HO�FXDOSXHGHQ�GHVFDUJDU�GH�HVWH�/,1.��&$/&8/2�'(�(0%$5*26�

)8(5=$ �(-(&87,9$�'2&80(172 �35,9$'2)(+$&,(17(�

0XFKR�VH�KD�GHEDWLGR�VREUH�HO�RUGLQDO�VHJXQGR�GHO�$UW������&3&0��UHVSHFWR�DOFRQFHSWR�R�QDWXUDOH]D�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH��WHPD�TXH�HQ�XQ�SRVWDQWHULRU �VH �DERUGR�SHUR �QR �GHVGH�OD �lSWLFD �GHO �GRFXPHQWR �TXH�WLHQH�IXHU]DHMHFXWLYD��VLQR�FRPR�GRFXPHQWR�SUREDWRULR�

&RQFUHWDPHQWH�HQ�HVWD�RFDVLlQ�H[SRQJR�OD�RSLQLlQ�TXH�FRPSDUWR�UHVSHFWR�D�HVWRVGRFXPHQWRV� �SDUWLFXODUPHQWH �FXDQGR �VRQ �VXVFHSWLEOHV �GH �SUHVHQWDUVH �FRPRGRFXPHQWRV�TXH�WUDHQ�DSDUHMDGD�HMHFXFLlQ�

)250$��� �(Q�HO �FDVR�GH�ORV �GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV� �FRQ�DFWD�GH�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�DQWH1RWDULR��WDO�FRPR�OR�SUHYh�HO�$UW�����\�VLJXLHQWHV�GH�OD�/H\�GH�1RWDULDGR��FRQ�ODVDOYHGDG�TXH�VL�HQ�HO�DFWD�QR�VH�UHODFLRQDQ�DOJXQDV�FOgXVXODV�FRPR�UHFRQRFLGDVHVWDV�QR�SRGUgQ�H[LJLUVH�HQ�VHGH�MXGLFLDO��KDEUiD�TXH�DQDOL]DU�OD�SRVLELOLGDG�GHTXH�DO�FRQWHQHU�DOJnQ�GHIHFWR�R�IDOWD�GH�UHODFLlQ�HVDV�FOgXVXODV��HO�KHFKR�GHUHFRQRFHU�ODV�ILUPDV�KDELOLWH�TXH�VH�FRQVLGHUHQ�FRPR�GRFXPHQWRV�GH�OD�VLJXLHQWHFDWHJRUiD��$XQTXH�UHVSHFWR�D�HVWH�GRFXPHQWR�FRQVLGHUDPRV�TXH�HQ�SDUWLFXODU

Page 11: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

HQWUDUiD�HQ�ORV�FRPSUHQGLGRV�HQ�HO�$UW������2UG�����&3&0��FRQ�OD�DFODUDFLlQ�TXHHO�PHQFLRQDGR�$UW�����KDFH�DOXVLlQ�D�TXH�HVWH�GRFXPHQWR�QR�GHMD�GH�VHU�SULYDGRSHUR�VX�YDORU�HV�FRPR�GH�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�SnEOLFR�VLQ�VHUOR��UD]lQ�SRU�OD�FXDO�QRHVWDUiD �FRPSUHQGLGR �HQ �HO �$UW� �����2UG� �� �&3&0� �SHUR �SRVLEOHPHQWH� �FRPRGLUHPRV�PgV�DGHODQWH��DO�VHU�UHFRQRFLGR�DQWH�QRWDULR�VH�YXHOYH�IHKDFLHQWH�

���(O�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�FRQ�XQD�UD]lQ�GH�OHJDOL]DFLlQ�GH�ILUPD��VHJnQ�HO�$UW����/H\�GH�1RWDULDGR���FRPR�VH�KD�GLFKR�D�HVWH�WLSR�GH�GRFXPHQWR�OD�OH\�QR�OHDWULEX\R�XQ�YDORU�SUREDWRULR�FRPR�DO�DQWHULRU��VLQ�HPEDUJR��OD�OHJDOL]DFLlQ�GHILUPDV�KDFH�TXH�H[LVWD�IHKDFLHQFLD�UHVSHFWR�DO�WLHPSR��SHUVRQD��FDOLGDG�HQ�TXH�VHSODVPR�XQD�ILUPD��SHUR�QR�DO�FRQWHQLGR��QR�REVWDQWH�H[LVWH�YHUDFLGDG�GH�TXLHQHVILUPDURQ� �SRU �OR �TXH� �VLQ �GHMDU �GH�VHU �XQ�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�KDFH�IH �GH�VXRWRUJDQWHV� �d\�GH�VX�FRQWHQLGR"� �SXHV�HQ�UHVSXHVWD�D�HVWD�SUHJXQWD�KH�YLVWRQRWDULRV�TXH�KDFHQ�OD�VDOYHGDG�HQ�GLFKD�DFWD�TXH�QR�VH�YLQFXODQ�FRQ�HO�FRQWHQLGRH[SXHVWR�\�VX�DFWXDFLlQ�VH�FLUFXQVFULEH�D�OD�OHJDOL]DU�ODV�ILUPDV��VLQ�HPEDUJR�WDOGRFXPHQWR�D�OD�OX]�GHO�$UW������&3&0�KDFH�SOHQD�SUXHED�GH�VX�FRQWHQLGR�\RWRUJDQWHV��SRU�TXH�HV�SULYDGR��GH�WDO�VXHUWH�TXH�FRQVLGHUR�TXH�HVWH�WLSR�GHGRFXPHQWR�FRQ�ODV�IRUPDOLGDGHV�DQRWDGDV�VH�SHUILOD�FRPR�HO�PHMRU�HMHPSOR�GHOGRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH���\�

���(O�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�GH�ILUPD�R�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�UHJXODGR�HQ�HO�$UWV�����1b��b�&3&0��/D�FLWDFLlQ�D�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�SRU�DTXhO�DTXLHQ �VH �OH �DWULEX\D �DXWRUiD �R �ILUPD� �EDMR �DSHUFLELPLHQWR �GH �WHQhUVHOR �SRUUHFRQRFLGR��HQ�UHODFLlQ�FRQ�ORV�$UWV�������TXH�GLFH�

l(O �LQVWUXPHQWR �SULYDGR� �UHFRQRFLGR �MXGLFLDOPHQWH �SRU �OD �SDUWH �D �TXLHQ �VHRSRQH� �R�TXH�VH�KD�PDQGDGR�WHQHU�SRU�UHFRQRFLGR�HQ�ORV�FDVRV�\�FRQ�ORVUHTXLVLWRV�SUHYHQLGRV�SRU�OH\��WLHQH�HO�YDORU�GH�HVFULWXUD�SfEOLFD�UHVSHFWR�GHORV�TXH�DSDUHFHQ�R�VH�UHSXWDQ�KDEHUOR�VXVFULWR��\�GH�ODV�SHUVRQDV�D�TXLHQHV�VHKDQ�WUDQVIHULGR�ODV�REOLJDFLRQHV�\�GHUHFKRV�GH�dVWRV�m

$O�FRQFDWHQDU�OR�DQWHULRU�FRQ�HO�$UW�������&��&��TXH�HQ�OR�SHUWLQHQWH�GLFH�

nn�(O�TXH�UHFRQRFH�OD�ILUPD�GH�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�GH�REOLJDFLeQ�UHFRQRFH�SRU�HO�PLVPR�KHFKR�TXH�FRQWUDMR�OD�REOLJDFLeQ�H[SUHVDGD�HQ�HOGRFXPHQWRh�g

Page 12: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

3RGHPRV�DILUPDU�TXH�HO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�UHFRQRFLGR�QRWDULDO�R�MXGLFLDOPHQWH�QR�VROR�KDUD�IH�FRPR�XQD�HVFULWXUD�SnEOLFD��VLQR�TXH�KDFH�IH�GH�GRV�DVSHFWRV�/$),50$�$872*5$)$��\�/$6�2%/,*$&,21(6�&217(1,'$6�(1�(/�0,602�

d4Xh�VXFHGH�FRQ�HO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�D�VHFDV�R�HO�QR�LPSXJQDGR"��HV�GHFLU�HOTXH�QR�VH�FRQWURYLHUWH��dSRGUiD�HQWUDU�HQ�HVWD�FDWHJRUiD��GH�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH"SXHV�OD�SUHJXQWD�VHUiD�d4Xh�OH�RWRUJD�IHKDFLHQFLD�D�XQ�GRFXPHQWR"�FRPR�VHDSXQWR �HQ �HO �SRVW �DQWHULRU� �HVWDPRV �IUHQWH �D �XQ �FRQFHSWR �HPLQHQWHPHQWHSURFHVDO��\�SRGUiDPRV�GHFLU�TXH�HV�IHKDFLHQWH�PLHQWUDV�QR�VH�KD�LPSXJQDGR��ORFXDO�SRGUiD�VXFHGHU�HQ�XQ�SURFHVR�HMHFXWLYR�DO�GDUVH�XQD�RSRVLFLlQ��HV�GHFLU�TXHHO�OHJLVODGRU�SXGR�SUHYHU�TXH�XQ�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�MXGLFLDO�VLHPSUH�YD�DFRQWHFHU�HQXQ�SURFHVR��DQWH�OD�SRVWXUD�UHVSHFWR�D�GLFKR�GRFXPHQWR�SRU�OD�FRQWUDULD��HV�GHFLUOD �SDUWH �DIHFWDGD �SRU �GLFKR �GRFXPHQWR� �VLHPSUH �WHQGUg �OD �RSRUWXQLGDG �GHLPSXJQDU�R�UHFRQRFHU�GLFKR�GRFXPHQWR��VLQR�OR�LPSXJQD�VH�WLHQH�SRU�UHFRQRFLGR\�DOOi�VH�SURGXFH�HO�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR��XQ�FROHJD�HV�GH�OD�RSLQLlQ�TXH�ODV�QRUPDV�GHOSURFHVR�FRPnQ�QR�VRQ�DSOLFDEOHV�DO�HMHFXWLYR�HVWR�SRU�OR�TXH�HVWDEOHFH�HO�$UW�����&3&0��UHIHUHQWH�DO�SXQWR���\�SRU�HVR�DEDQGRQR�OD�FDWHJRUiD�GHO�����RUG���c�3U��&�GHURJDGR�HQ�UHODFLlQ�FRQ�ORV�$UWV�����������\�����3U��&��GHURJDGR��SHUR�HVWRnOWLPR�VROR�HV�PL�RSLQLlQ��HQ�HVD�OLQHD�GH�SHQVDPLHQWR�\�URPSLHQGR�SDUDGLJPDVSRGUiDPRV�HVWDU�IUHQWH�D�OD�DILUPDFLlQ�TXH�DXQ�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�TXH�QR�KD�VLGRLPSXJQDGR�GH�IDOVR�D�SHVDU�GH�QR�WHQHU�QLQJXQD�IRUPDOLGDG�QRWDULDO�R�MXGLFLDO�SRGUiD�FRQVLGHUDUVH�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH��\�WHQHU�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD�VLHPSUH�\�FXDQGRFXPSOD�FRQ�ORV�UHTXLVLWRV�GH�)21'2�TXH�PDV�DGHODQWH�VH�DERUGDQ�

6LQ �HPEDUJR� �UHVSHFWR �D �OR �DQWHULRU� �\D �HO �OHJLVODGRU �KD �LQVWDXUDGR �TXHGRFXPHQWRV�VLQ�PD\RU�IRUPDOLGDG�WHQJDQ�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD��\�OR�KD�H[SUHVDGR�HQ�ODOH\��FRPR�HO�HMHPSOR�GHO�$UW�������&��&RP��R�FRPR�HO�GRFXPHQWR�SDUD�HO�FREURMXGLFLDO�GH�OD�/H\�GHO�6LVWHPD�GH�3HQVLRQHV��\�RWURV�TXH�HQWUDQ�HQ�OD�FDWHJRULD�GHO$UW������RUG����&3&0�

)21'2�$KRUD�ELHQ�� �KHPRV�KDEODGR�DWHQGLHQGR�OD�IRUPD��TXH�GRFXPHQWR�TXH�VLHQGRSULYDGRV�IHKDFLHQWHV��WLHQH�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD��SRUTXH�UHnQH�XQ�UHTXLVLWR�TXH�OD�/H\H[LJH� �SHUR �(62 �12 �%$67$� �SXHV �VHULD �XQ �DEVXUGR �SHQVDU �TXH �XQDFRUUHVSRQGHQFLD �LQIRUPDWLYD �WXYLHUD �DOJnQ �WLSR �GH �IXHU]D� �HQ �WDO �VHQWLGRGHER�DSXQWDU�TXH��WDOHV�GRFXPHQWRV�GHEHQ�FRQWHQHU�HQ�Vi�OR�SUHVFULWR�HQ�HO�$UW�

Page 13: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

����&3&0�TXH�GLFH�

$UW��������(O�SURFHVR�HMHFXWLYR�SRGUc�LQLFLDUVH�FXDQGR�GHO�WeWXOR�FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHHPDQH�XQD�REOLJDFLeQ�GH�SDJR�H[LJLEOH��OdTXLGD�R�OLTXLGDEOH��FRQ�YLVWD�GHOGRFXPHQWR�SUHVHQWDGR�����n

(V�GHFLU�TXH�HO�GRFXPHQWR�HQ�VX�FRQWHQLGR�GHEH�DERUGDU�ORV�VLJXLHQWHV�DVSHFWRV�

���(O�WiWXOR�VH�FDUDFWHUL]D��GHVGH�HO�SXQWR�GH�YLVWD�GRFXPHQWDO� �SRU�OD�IXHU]DSUREDWRULD�TXH�OH�DVLJQD�OD�OH\�UHVSHFWR�GH�OD�OHJLWLPDFLlQ�DFWLYD�\�SDVLYD��FDOLGDGGH �DFUHHGRU �\ �GHXGRU �FLHUWRV� �\ �OD �H[LVWHQFLD �\ �PRQWR �GH �OD �REOLJDFLlQGRFXPHQWDGD�

���(O�WiWXOR�DGHPgV�GHEH�FRQWHQHU�XQD�REOLJDFLlQ�GH�SDJR�H[LJLEOH� �OiTXLGD�ROLTXLGDEOH�

���(O�REMHWR�GH�OD�REOLJDFLlQ�UHILHUH�DO�SDJR�GH�GLQHUR��HQ�JHQHUDO��VLQ�SHUMXLFLR�GHODV�REOLJDFLRQHV�GH�KDFHU��QR�KDFHU�R�GDU�FRVD�GHWHUPLQDGD���TXH�SRU�VX�FRQWHQLGRFRQVWLWX\H�XQD�REOLJDFLlQ�GH�JhQHUR�HQ�HO�VHQWLGR�SUHYLVWR�HQ�HO�$UW�������&��&��HQWHQGLGR�HO�GLQHUR�FRPR�ELHQ�IXQJLEOH�

(Q�FRQFOXVLlQ�GHEHPRV�WHQHU�HQ�FXHQWD�FXDQGR�HVWDPRV�DQWH�XQ�GRFXPHQWRSULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH�GHO�FXDO�HPDQD�XQD�REOLJDFLlQ�TXH�HV�OLTXLGD�R�OLTXLGDEOH��\H[LJLEOH��SDUD�DILUPDU�TXH�SRGHPRV�\�QRV�DVLVWH�HO�GHUHFKR�GH�SODQWHDU�XQ�SURFHVRHMHFXWLYR�

3DUD�ILQDOL]DU�OHV�FRPSDUWR�XQ�IUDJPHQWR�GH�MXULVSUXGHQFLD�TXH�YLHQH�DO�FDVR�HQFRPHQWR�

&$0$5$�7(5&(5$�'(�/2�&,9,/�'(�/$�35,0(5$�6(&&,e1�'(/�&(1752������H�����

/RV�LQVWUXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�IHKDFLHQWHV�VRQ�DTXHOORV�TXH�ODV�SDUWHV�RWRUJDQ�SRUVe�VRODV�\�SRU�HVFULWR��VLQ�LQWHUYHQFLfQ�GH�XQ�QRWDULR�R�IXQFLRQDULR�SgEOLFR�TXH�ORDXWRULFH��SHUR�TXH�UHFRQRFLGD�VX�DXWHQWLFLGDG�\D�VHD�MXGLFLDOPHQWH�R�DQWHXQ�QRWDULR�SRU�OD�SDUWH�D�TXLHQ�VH�RSRQHQ��DGTXLHUHQ�FDOLGDG�GH�LQVWUXPHQWRSfEOLFR ��IHKDFLHQFLD�� �\ �FRQVWLWX\HQ �WeWXOR �HMHFXWLYR� �VLHPSUH �TXH �GH �ORVPLVPRV�UHVXOWH�REOLJDFLfQ�GH�SDJR��H[LJLEOH��OLTXLGD�R�OLTXLGDEOH��R�HQ�ORV�TXHFRQVWH�GHXGDV�JHQdULFDV�X�REOLJDFLRQHV�GH�KDFHU��$UWV�������\������,QF����,Q

Page 14: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

ILQH�GHO�&fGLJR�&LYLO�\����l/H\�GH�1RWDULDGRm�

&21&(372 �< �(;3/,&$&,f1 �'(/26 �5(',726 �&$,'26 �(1-85,6358'(1&,$

+DFH �DOJXQRV �GiDV �XQ �FROHJD �PH �FRQVXOWDED �DFHUFD �GH �FRPR �SHWLFLRQDU �HQGHPDQGD�HMHFXWLYD�ORV�LQWHUHV�HQ�XQ�SDJDUh��OD�SUHJXQWD�HQ�FRQFUHWR�HUD�dORVLQWHUHVHV�FRUUHQ�GHVGH�HO�YHQFLPLHQWR�GHO�SDJDUH"�OD�UHVSXHVWD�VH�HQFXHQWUD�HQ�HOVLJXLHQWH�H[WUDFWR�

����&$0�����6$/$�'(�/2�&,9,/�'(�/$�&257(�6835(0$�'(�-867,&,$��6DQ�6DOYDGRU��D�ODVQXHYH�KRUDV�\�TXLQFH�PLQXWRV�GHO�QXHYH�GH�IHEUHUR�GH�GRV�PLO�GLH]��(O�WH[WR�FRPSOHWR�GH�OD�VHQWHQFLD�VH�'(6&$5*$�+$&,(1'2�&/,&.�$&$�

(Q�HO�FDVR�GH�TXH�VH�WUDWD��DO�UHDOL]DU�HO�HVWXGLR�GH�OD�LQWHUSUHWDFLRhQ�GH�OD�TXHKD�VLGR�REMHWR�HO�SUHFHSWR�HQ�DQDhOLVLV��OD�6DOD�HV�FRLQFLGHQWH�FRQ�OD�H[HhJHVLVMXULhGLFD�TXH�GHO�$UW������LQFLVR�U�&��&RP��KDFH�OD�&DhPDUD�$�TXHP��SXHV�HOSULPHU�SUHVXSXHVWR�KLSRWHhWLFR�HVWDEOHFH�TXH�lHO�WHQHGRU�SRGUDh �UHFODPDU�ORVUHhGLWRV�FDLhGRVm��TXH�QR�VRQ�PDhV�TXH�ORV�LQWHUHVHV�FRQYHQFLRQDOHV���ORV�FXDOHV�VHFRPLHQ]DQ�D�JHQHUDU�GHVGH�HO�GLhD�VLJXLHQWH�GH�OD�VXVFULSFLRhQ�GHO�WLhWXORYDORU�HQDOXVLRhQ��KDVWD�OD�IHFKD�GH�VX�YHQFLPLHQWR��$VLPLVPR��SURFHGH�HO�GHVFXHQWR�GHOSDJDUHh�QR�YHQFLGR��HO�FXDO�GHEH�FDOFXODUVH�DO�WLSR�GH�LQWHUHhV�FRQYHQLGR�HQ�HhVWH�WDO�SUHVXSXHVWR�VH�FRQILJXUD�FXDQGR�HO�GHXGRU�YHULILFD�HO�SDJR�FRQ�DQWHODFLRhQ�DOD�IHFKD�GH�YHQFLPLHQWR�FRQVLJQDGD�HQ�HO�SDJDUHh� �\�HQ�WDO�FDVR��VROR�GHEHQUHFRQRFHUVH�ORV�LQWHUHVHV�JHQHUDGRV�KDVWD�OD�IHFKD�GH

FDQFHODFLRhQ �GH �OD �REOLJDFLRhQ� �&RQ �UHVSHFWR �DO �WHUFHU �\ �XhOWLPR �SUHVXSXHVWRFRQWHQLGR�HQ�HO�LQFLVR�HQ�DQDhOLVLV��HhVWH�FRQVLVWH�HQ�TXH�HO�WHQHGRU�GH�OD�OHWUD

Page 15: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

SRGUDh�UHFODPDU�ORV�LQWHUHVHV�PRUDWRULRV��HV�GHFLU��HO�jH[LJLGR�R�LPSXHVWR�FRPRSHQD�GH�OD�PRURVLGDG�R�WDUGDQ]D�GHO�GHXGRU�HQ�OD�VDWLVIDFFLRhQ�GH�OD�GHXGDm�'LFFLRQDULR�(QFLFORSHhGLFR�GH�'HUHFKR�8VXDO��*XLOOHUPR�&DEDQHOODV��(GLWRULDO+HOLDVWD���ORV�FXDOHV�HQ�IRUPD�DEVROXWD�\�FDWHJRhULFD�QR�FRQVWLWX\HQ�ORV�PLVPRVLQWHUHVHV�TXH�VH�FDQFHODQ�HQ�HO�FDVR�GH�GHVFXHQWR�GHO�SDJDUHh�QR�YHQFLGR��WDOHVLQWHUHVHV�SRU�LQVROYHQFLD�VH�FRPLHQ]DQ�D�JHQHUDU�GHVGH�HO�GLhD�VLJXLHQWH�GH�ODIHFKD�GH�YHQFLPLHQWR�KDVWD�TXH�VRQ�FRPSOHWDPHQWH�FDQFHODGRV�R�VDOGDGRV�

(O �DQWHULRU �FULWHULR �HV �VXVWHQWDGR �SRU �HO �MXULVWD �\ �UHGDFWRU �GHO �&RhGLJR �GH&RPHUFLR �6DOYDGRUHQiR �GRFWRU �5REHUWR �/DUD �9HODGR� �TXLHQ �HQ �VX �REUD,QWURGXFFLRhQ�DO�(VWXGLR�GHO�'HUHFKR�0HUFDQWLO��SDhJLQD�����GHVDUUROOD�OR�TXH�HOOHJLVODGRU�HQWLHQGH�SRU�ORV�SUHVXSXHVWRV�KLSRWHhWLFRV�FRQWHQLGRV�HQ�HO�$UW�����LQFLVR��b�&��&RP��HQ�DQDhOLVLV��\�D�OD�OHWUD�H[SRQH��lmj(O�SDJDUHh�DGPLWH�LQWHUHVHV�HQ�HVWR�VH�GLIHUHQFLD��DGHPDhV�GH�OR�DQiDGLGR��GH�OD�OHWUD�GH�FDPELR��3XHGHSDFWDUVH�LQWHUHVHV�GXUDQWH�OD�YLJHQFLD�GHO�SDJDUHh��DVLh�FRPR�VHQiDODU�XQ�WLSR�GHLQWHUHhV�SDUD�FDVR�GH�PRUD��(O�FREUR�GH�ORV�LQWHUHVHV�VH�UHJXOD�GH�OD�IRUPDVLJXLHQWH��D��/RV�OODPDGRV�UHhGLWRV�FDLhGRV��HVWR�HV�ORV�LQWHUHVHV�FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVD�OD�YLJHQFLD�GHO�SDJDUHh��VH�FDOFXODQ�DO�WLSR�HVWDEOHFLGR�DO�HIHFWR��D�IDOWD�GHSDFWR�HVSHFLDO��DO�WLSR�GH�LQWHUHhV�OHJDO�HQ�PDWHULD�PHUFDQWLO�����/RV�LQWHUHVHVPRUDWRULRV�VH�UHJXODQ�DO�WLSR�GH�LQWHUHhV�SDFWDGR�HVSHFLhILFDPHQWH�SDUD�HOORV��DIDOWD�GH�SDFWR�HVSHFLDO�DO�UHVSHFWR��DO�WLSR�GH�LQWHUHhV�SDFWDGR�SRU�ORV�UHhGLWRVFDL hGRV� �D �IDOWD �GH �XQR �\ �RWUR� �DO �WLSR �GH �LQWHUH hV �OHJDO �HQ �PDWHULDPHUFDQWLO�mmmmmmmk��ODV�QHJULOODV��FXUVLYDV�\�VXEUD\DGR�VRQ�QXHVWURV�

� �$63(&726 �%$6,&26 �'( �/$9$/25$&,f1 �'( �358(%$0(',$17(�/$�6$1$�&5,7,&$�(1

Page 16: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

/26 �352&(626 �&,9,/(6 �<0(5&$17,/(6

$O�MX]JDGRU�OH�FRUUHVSRQGH�XQ�GLIiFLO�HQFDUJR��DQWH�HO�PRPHQWR�SRVWHULRU�DO�MXLFLRGRQGH �GHEH �HYDOXDU �WRGR �HO �FRQMXQWR �GH �SUXHEDV �YHUWLGDV �HQ �HO �SURFHVR�SDUWLFXODUPHQWH�HQ�HO�3URFHVR�&LYLO�\�0HUFDQWLO��GHEH�FXPSOLU�FRQ�HO�OODPDGR�TXHOH�KDFH�HO�$UW������GHO�FiGLJR�GH�GLFKD�PDWHULD��TXH�HQ�VX�LQFLVR�VHJXQGRHVWDEOHFH�OD�PRWLYDFLlQ�VHUg�FRPSOHWD�\�GHEH�WHQHU�HQ�FXHQWD�WRGRV�\�FDGD�XQRGH�ORV�HOHPHQWRV�IgFWLFRV�\�MXUiGLFRV�GHO�SURFHVR��FRQVLGHUDGRV�LQGLYLGXDOPHQWH�\HQ�FRQMXQWR��FRQ�DSHJR�D�ODV�UHJODV�GH�OD�VDQD�FUiWLFD��SHUR�TXh�VLJQLILFD�DSHJDUVHD�OD�VDQD�FULWLFD�

/D�MXULVSUXGHQFLD�QR�KD�DKRQGDGR�HQ�HVWH�DVSHFWR�UHVSHFWR�DO�SURFHVR�&LYLO�\0HUFDQWLO� �VLQ �HPEDUJR �SRGHPRV �H[WUDSRODU �DOJnQ �FRQFHSWRV �D �ORV �TXH �KDQDUULEDGR �QXHVWURV �WULEXQDOHV� �SDUWLFXODUPHQWH� �OD �FgPDUD �GH �OR �3HQDO �GH �OD3ULPHUD�6HFFLlQ�GH�2FFLGHQWH�GH�6DQWD�$QD��HQ�OD�VHQWHQFLD�UHIHUHQFLD��������KD �H[SUHVDGR �TXH� �rHO �-X]JDGRU �GHEH �HIHFWXDU �XQD �YDORUDFLlQ �\ �DQgOLVLV �GHOXQLYHUVR�SUREDWRULR�FRQ�HO�TXH�FXHQWD��SDUD�HOOR�KDFH�XVR�GH�SULQFLSLRV�OlJLFRVIRUPDOHV��ORV�FXDOHV�SHUPLWHQ�TXH�HO�UDFLRFLQLR�MXGLFLDO�HIHFWXDGR�DO�YDORUDU�GLFKRVHOHPHQWRV�VH�WUDGX]FD�HQ�XQ�VLORJLVPR�DO�TXH�OOHJD�FRPR�FRQVHFXHQFLD�GH�ODDGHFXDGD�YDORUDFLlQ�GH�OD�SUXHED��\�VRQ�SUHFLVDPHQWH�HVWRV�SULQFLSLRV�D�ORV�TXHOD �GRFWULQD �GHQRPLQD �FRPR �VDQD �FUiWLFD� �ORV �TXH �FRQVWLWX\HQ �XQ �VLVWHPD �GHYDORUDFLlQ�GRQGH�HO�MXH]�QR�HVWg�VRPHWLGR�D�UHJODV�TXH�SUHILMHQ�HO�YDORU�GH�ODSUXHED��VLQR�TXH�HO�MX]JDGRU�HV�OLEUH�HQ�DSUHFLDUODV��QR�REVWDQWH��GLFKD�OLEHUWDGVXSRQH�OD�H[LJHQFLD�TXH�ODV�FRQFOXVLRQHV�D�ODV�TXH�OOHJXH�VHDQ�IUXWR�UDFLRQDO�GHODV�SUXHEDV�DQDOL]DGDV�\�GLVFXWLGDV�HQ�HO�GHVDUUROOR�GH�OD�YLVWD�SnEOLFD��VREUH�ODVFXDOHV�IXQGDPHQWD�VX�IDOOR�s

5HVXPLHQGR�OR�TXH�KD�GLFKR�OD�&gPDUD�HQ�OD�6HQWHQFLD�HQ�PHQFLlQ��SRGHPRVHVWDEOHFHU�OR�VLJXLHQWH�

/DV�UHJODV�GH�OD�VDQD�FUiWLFD�HVWgQ�FRQVWLWXLGDV�SRU�XQD�VHULH�GH�SULQFLSLRV�VREUHORV�FXDOHV�VH�EDVD�HO�DQgOLVLV�TXH�HIHFWnD�HO�MX]JDGRU�GHO�HOHQFR�SUREDWRULR��HVWRVSULQFLSLRV�VRQ�ORV�TXH�VH�GHWDOODQ�DVi�

Page 17: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

��/D�OiJLFD(O�SULQFLSLR�OlJLFR� �SRU�VX�SDUWH� �GHVFDQVD�HQ�HO �VXSXHVWR�TXH�OD �PRWLYDFLlQHIHFWXDGD�SRU�HO�MX]JDGRU�KD�GHULYDGR�GH�XQD�RSHUDFLlQ�OlJLFD�TXH�VH�HQFXHQWUDIXQGDGD�HQ�OD�FHUWH]D�D�OD�TXH�OOHJD�OXHJR�GH�OD�YDORUDFLlQ�GH�ORV�HOHPHQWRVVRPHWLGRV�D�VX�FRQRFLPLHQWR�

(VWH�SULQFLSLR�OlJLFR�HVWg�VXVWHQWDGR�D�VX�YH]�SRU�ODV�OH\HV�GHO�SHQVDPLHQWR��ODVFXDOHV�VRQ�����ODV�OH\HV�GH�OD�FRKHUHQFLD��\�����OD�OH\�GH�OD�GHULYDFLlQ�

(Q�UHODFLlQ�D�OD�SULPHUD��GHEHPRV�HQWHQGHU�SRU�FRKHUHQFLD�GH�SHQVDPLHQWRV�ODFRQFRUGDQFLD�H[LVWHQWH�HQWUH�ORV�HOHPHQWRV�TXH�VRQ�VRPHWLGRV�D�YDORUDFLlQ��GHHOOD�VXUJHQ�ORV�SULQFLSLRV�IRUPDOHV�GHO�SHQVDPLHQWR�TXH�VRQ�

(O�SULQFLSLR�OlJLFR�GH�LGHQWLGDG��SRU�PHGLR�GHO�FXDO�VH�HVWDEOHFH�TXH�VL�HQ��XQ�MXLFLR�YDORUDWLYR�HO�FRQFHSWR��VXMHWR��HV�LGhQWLFR�WRWDO�R�SDUFLDOPHQWH�DOFRQFHSWR��SUHGLFDGR���LPSOLFD�TXH�HO�MXLFLR�HIHFWXDGR�HV�YHUGDGHUR�3ULQFLSLR�GH�FRQWUDGLFFLlQ��HVWH�SULQFLSLR�SDUWH�GH�OD�EDVH�TXH�GRV�MXLFLRV��YDORUDWLYRV�RSXHVWRV�HQWUH�Vi�FRQWUDGLFWRULDPHQWH��DPERV�QR�SXHGHQ�VHUYHUGDGHURV��\�7HUFHUR�H[FOXLGR��D�WUDYhV�GHO�FXDO�VH�HVWDEOHFH�TXH�QR�GHEH�H[LVWLU�XQ��MXLFLR �LQWHUPHGLR �HQWUH �XQR �YHUGDGHUR �\ �XQR �IDOVR� �HV �GHFLU �DQWHYDORUDFLRQHV�DQWDJiQLFDV �XQD�GH�HOODV �GHEH�VHU �YHUGDGHUD� �(VWHSULQFLSLR�WLHQH�VX�RULJHQ�HQ�OD�OH\�GH�OD�GHULYDFLlQ��SRU�PHGLR�GH�OD�FXDO�VHSRVWXOD �TXH �WRGR �UD]RQDPLHQWR �GHEH �VHU �rGHULYDGRs� �HV �GHFLU� �KD �GHSURYHQLU�GH�YDORUDFLRQHV�R�GHGXFFLRQHV�FRKHUHQWHV�

6LPSOLILFDQGR�OR�DQWHULRU��SRGHPRV�DILUPDU�TXH�

�&XDOTXLHU �FRQFOXVLeQ �D �OD �TXH �OOHJXH �HO �MX]JDGRU �GHEH �HVWDUFRQVWLWXLGD �SRU �GHGXFFLRQHV �UD]RQDEOHV �GHULYDGDV �GH �ORV �HOHPHQWRVSUREDWRULRV�\�GH�OD�VXFHVLeQ�GH�FRQFOXVLRQHV�TXH�VH�YD�GHWHUPLQDQGRFRQ�EDVH�D�HOODV�

(Q�UHODFLlQ�D�OD�VHJXQGD�GH�ODV�OH\HV�GHO�SHQVDPLHQWR��HV�GHFLU�OD�GHULYDFLlQ��FRPR�VH�DILUPl�DQWHV��D�WUDYhV�GH�HOOD�VH�HVWDEOHFH�TXH�FDGD�SHQVDPLHQWR�GHEHSURYHQLU�GH�RWUR��HV�GHFLU�VH�HQFXHQWUDQ�DQLGDGRV��VLQR�HQFXHQWUD�XQ�SULPLWLYR�SRGUHPRV�DILUPDU�TXH�HVWDPRV�IUHQWH�D�XQ�SULQFLSLR��HV�GHFLU��GH�XQ�MXLFLR�TXH�QR

Page 18: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

HV�GHULYDGR�VLQR�HO�SXQWR�GH�SDUWLGD�GH�RWUR��GH�HVWD�VHJXQGD�OH\�VH�H[WUDH�HOSULQFLSLR�GH�OD�UD]iQ�VXILFLHQWH��TXH�HQ�FRQFUHWR�VLJQLILFD�TXH�

7RGR �MXLFLR �SDUD �VHU �UHDOPHQWH �YHUGDGHUR� �QHFHVLWD �GH �XQD �UD]eQVXILFLHQWH�TXH�MXVWLILTXH�HO�UD]RQDPLHQWR�HIHFWXDGR�SRU�HO�MX]JDGRU�FRQSUHWHQVLeQ�GH�YHUGDG�

���/D�SVLFRORJhD�3RU�RWUR�ODGR��GHQWUR�GH�ODV�UHJODV�GH�OD�VDQD�FUiWLFD�HVWgQ�FRPSUHQGLGDV�ODVUHJODV�GH�OD�SVLFRORJiD��FRPR�SRU�HMHPSOR�OD�REVHUYDFLlQ�GHO�WULEXQDO�GH�PhULWR�HQFDVR�TXH�XQ�WHVWLJR�VH�PXHVWUH�QHUYLRVR�DO�FRQWHVWDU�XQD�SUHJXQWD�X�RWUD�DFWLWXGUHYHODGRUD�FRQ�OD�FXDO�VH�DGYLHUWD�TXH�HO�WHVWLJR�KD�VLGR�SUHSDUDGR�R�TXH�VXGHFODUDFLlQ �HV �IDOVD� �HQ �HVH �VHQWLGR� �HO �MXH] �GHEH�DSOLFDU �GLFKRV �FULWHULRV �DOPRPHQWR�GH�HIHFWXDU�OD�YDORUDFLlQ�GH�ODV�SUXHEDV�

&RQVHFXHQWH�FRQ�HVWR�VH�HQFXHQWUD�LQVWDXUDGR�HO �$UW� �����&3&0��TXH�HQ�ORSHUWLQHQWH�H[SUHVD�

/D�SDUWH�TXH�UHVXOWH�SHUMXGLFDGD�SRU�OD�GHFODUDFLeQ�GH�XQ�WHVWLJR�SRGUbDOHJDU �IDOWD �GH �FUHGLELOLGDG� �PHGLDQWH �FXDOTXLHU �PHGLR �GH �SUXHEDSHUWLQHQWH��FRQ�EDVH�HQ�HO�FRPSRUWDPLHQWR�GHO�WHVWLJR�PLHQWUDV�GHFODUDR�HQ�OD�IRUPD�HQ�TXH�OR�KDFH��HQ�OD�QDWXUDOH]D�R�FDUbFWHU�GHO�WHVWLPRQLR�HQ�HO�JUDGR�GH�FDSDFLGDG�GHO�WHVWLJR�SDUD�SHUFLELU��UHFRUGDU�R�FRPXQLFDUORV�KHFKRV�VREUH�ORV�TXH�GHFODUD��HQ�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GH�FXDOTXLHU�SUHMXLFLR�LQWHUcV�X�RWUR�PRWLYR�GH�SDUFLDOLGDG�TXH�SXGLHUD�DIHFWDU�HO�WHVWLPRQLR��RHQ�PDQLIHVWDFLRQHV�R�GHFODUDFLRQHV�DQWHULRUHV�GHO�WHVWLJR�

3LHUGH�FUHGLELOLGDG�XQ�WHVWLJR�FXDQGR�TXHGD�HVWDEOHFLGR�HQ�DXWRV�TXH�VXGHSRVLFLeQ�HVWb�EDVDGD�HQ�XQ�PHUR�MXLFLR �GH�YDORU �GHULYDGR�GH�VXVFUHHQFLDV�SDUWLFXODUHV�

(V�GHFLU�HO�MXH]�SXHGH�YDORUDU�OD�SUXHED�GHVGH�HO�SXQWR�GH�YLVWD�GH�OD�SVLFRORJLD�HV�GHFLU�DQDOL]DQGR�HO�OHQJXDMH�FRUSRUDO��FODUR�HVWD�TXH�OD�IRUPD�GH�GHVDFUHGLWDUDO�WHVWLJR�HV�GXUDQWH�XQ�LQWHUURJDWRULR�

Page 19: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

���/D�H[SHULHQFLD�(Q�FXDQWR�D�ODV�UHJODV�R�QRUPDV�GH�OD�H[SHULHQFLD��VRQ�DTXHOODV�QRFLRQHV�TXHFRUUHVSRQGHQ�DO�FRQFHSWR�GH�FXOWXUD�FRPnQ��DSUHKHQVLEOHV�HVSRQWgQHDPHQWH�SRUHO�LQWHOHFWR�FRPR�YHUGDGHV�LQGLVFXWLEOHV��TXH�VRQ�FRQRFLGDV�SRU�HO�KRPEUH�FRPnQ�FX\R �OiPLWH �VH �HQFXHQWUD �GHWHUPLQDGR �SRU �ORV �FRQRFLPLHQWRV �WhFQLFRVHVSHFLDOL]DGRV� �HV �GHFLU�

/DV�PD[LPDV�GH�OD�H[SHULHQFLD�FRQVWLWX\HQ�QRFLRQHV�HVWbQGDUHV�TXH�VRQGH�GRPLQLR�FRPfQ�\�TXH�LQWHJUDQ�HO�DFHUYR�FRJQRVFLWLYR�GH�OD�VRFLHGDG�VLQ�QHFHVLGDG�GH�PD\RUHV�SURIXQGL]DFLRQHV��ODV�FXDOHV�VRQ�QHFHVDULDVSDUD�ORJUDU�XQD�FRUUHFWD�FRKHUHQFLD�\�EXHQ�VHQWLGR�HQ�HO�DQbOLVLV�GH�ORVGLYHUVRV�IHQePHQRV��KHFKRV�\�VLWXDFLRQHV�

$O�UHVSHFWR�HO�DXWRU�/RUHQ]R�&DUQHOOL�HQ�VX�REUD�r/DV�Pg[LPDV�GH�H[SHULHQFLD�HQHO�SURFHVR�GH�RUGHQ�GLVSRVLWLYRs�H[SUHVD�TXH�

l/DV�Pc[LPDV�GH�H[SHULHQFLD�QR�VRQ��HQ�SULQFLSLR��REMHWR�GH�SUXHED��GHVGH�TXHWDPSRFR�VRQ�REMHWR�GHWHUPLQDWLYR�GH�OD�GHPDQGD��3UHVWDQ�VX�FRQFXUVR�D�ORVVLORJLVPRV�TXH�HO�MXH]�GHVDUUROOD�HQ�VX�DFWXDFLfQ��(Q�VX�QDWXUDOH]D��SRU�WDQWR�VRQ�XQD�JHQHUDOL]DFLfQ�OfJLFD�IXQGDGD�HQ�OD�REVHUYDFLfQ�GH�ORV�KHFKRV�TXH��SRUOD �UHJXODULGDG �R �QRUPDOLGDG �FRQ �TXH �VH �SURGXFHQ� �REOLJDQ �D �FUHHU �HQ �ODH[LVWHQFLD�GH�XQ�MXLFLR�OfJLFR��XQD�UHJOD�HPSeULFD��XQD�UHODFLfQ�FDXVDO��(O�MXH]SXHGH �DGRSWDU� �HQWRQFHV� �ODV �Pb[LPDV �TXH �MX]JXH �RSRUWXQDV� �VLQQHFHVLGDG�GH �SUXHED� �PHGLDQWH �VX �FLHQFLD �SULYDGD� �WUDQVSRUWbQGRODVGLUHFWDPHQWH�GH�OD�YLGD�SUbFWLFD�\�HQ�PcULWR�VeOR�GHO�QRUPDO�DQGDPLHQWRGH�ORV �KHFKRV�D �FX\D�FDWHJRUdD �SHUWHQHFH�WDPELcQ�HO �KHFKR�TXH�VHGLVFXWHg

(Q �HVH �RUGHQ �GHEHPRV �GH �WRPDU �HQ �FRQVLGHUDFLlQ �TXH �HO �-XH] �SDUWH �GH �ODQRUPDOLGDG�GH�ODV �FRVDV� �SUgFWLFDPHQWH�SUHVXPH�H�LQILHUH�\ �FRQFOX\H�TXH�ODUHDOLGDG�HV�GHWHUPLQDGD�IRUPD�SRU�TXH��HQ�OD�YLGD�SUgFWLFD�WRGR�DSXQWD�D�TXH�HVDVi��YHDPRV�XQRV�HMHPSORV�GH�HVWR�

(V�LQXVXDO�\�YD�FRQWUD�HO�RUGHQ�QRUPDO�GH�ODV�FRVDV�TXH�VH�DGTXLHUD�XQ��YHKiFXOR�SDJDQGR�HQ�VX�WRWDOLGDG�HO�SUHFLR�\�VH�GHMH�VX�WHQHQFLD�\�XVR�HQPDQRV�GHO�YHQGHGRU�

Page 20: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

(V�LQXVXDO�\�YD�FRQWUD�HO�RUGHQ�QRUPDO�GH�ODV�FRVDV�TXH�TXLHQ�DOHJD�TXH��XQD�RSHUDFLlQ�GH�FRPSUDYHQWD�QR�VH�KD�SHUIHFFLRQDGR�SRU�QR�KDEHUVHFXPSOLGR�XQD�FRQGLFLlQ�VXVSHQVLYD� �QR �UHFODPH�OD �GHYROXFLlQ�GH�XQDLPSRUWDQWH�VXPD�GH�GLQHUR�HQWUHJDGD�DO�YHQGHGRU�FRQ�DQWHULRULGDG�D�ODIUXVWUDFLlQ�GH�OD�RSHUDFLlQ�(V�LQXVXDO�TXH�VH�DOHJXH�TXH�XQD�SUHVWDFLlQ�GH�VHUYLFLR�VH�KD�EULQGDGR���VLQR�H[LVWH�PDV�TXH�XQDV�IDFWXUDV�HPLWLGDV�VLQ�ILUPDV(Q�XQ�FDVR�HQ�FRQFUHWR �YHDPRV�&DVR�SDUWLFXODU �GH �YDORUDFLlQ�HQ�VX��FRQMXQWR �FRQ �XQD �UHDOLGDG �ORV �GRFXPHQWRV �SULYDGRV� �/D �6DOD �GH �OR&RQWHQFLRVR �DGPLQLVWUDWLYR �HVWLPD �TXH �QR �HV �VXILFLHQWH �OD �PHUDSUHVHQWDFLlQ�GH�FXDOTXLHU�LQVWUXPHQWR�SULYDGR�\�TXH�QR�VH�GLVFXWD�VXDXWHQWLFLGDG�SRU�DTXhO�D�TXLHQ�VH�RSRQH�SDUD�TXH�IXQFLRQH�FRPR�SUXHEDIHKDFLHQWH� �VLQR �TXH �HV �QHFHVDULR �TXH �HQ �HO �FXHUSR �GHO �LQVWUXPHQWRDSDUH]FDQ�ODV�VXILFLHQWHV�LQGLFDFLRQHV��QRWDV�R�DILUPDFLRQHV�TXH�YXHOYDQFUHiEOH�R�DO�PHQRV�DFHSWDEOHV�ODV�DUJXPHQWDFLRQHV�GH�OD�SDUWH�TXH�GH�hOVH�YDOH��6(17(1&,$�'(),1,7,9$�GH�6$/$�'(�/2�&217(1&,262��5HI�����5����GH�������GH������������

6REUH�ORV�OLPLWHV�HQ�FXDQWR�D�FRQRFLPLHQWRV�WhFQLFRV�GHEH�DFXGLUVH�D�SUXHED�SRUSHULFLD��GH�OR�TXH�KDEODUHPRV�HQ�RWUR�DUWLFXOR�

MXULVSUXGHQFLD�UHODFLRQDGD�

YHDPRV�XQ�HMHPSOR�GH�YDORUDFLlQ�FRQIRUPH�D�OD�VDQD�FULWLFD�

����&0����$&$p0$5$�6(*81'$�'(�/2�&,9,/�'(�/$�35,0(5$�6(&&,21�'(/�&(1752��6DQ6DOYDGRU��D�ODV�GRFH�KRUDV�GHO�WUHV�GH�VHSWLHPEUH�GH�GRV�PLO�GRFH�

t��

���� �(O �&RpGLJR �GH �&RPHUFLR �HVWDEOHFH �HQ �HO �DUW� ���� �TXH �ODV �REOLJDFLRQHVPHUFDQWLOHV�VH�SUXHEDQ�\�H[WLQJXHQ�HQWUH�RWURV�PHGLRV�SRU�IDFWXUDV��VLQ�HPEDUJR�QL�HQ�HO�FRPSUREDQWH�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDO��QL�HQ�OD�QRWD�GH�DERQR��SUHVHQWDGRV�FRPRGRFXPHQWRV�EDVH��FRQVWD�DOJXpQ�WLSR�GH�DFHSWDFLRpQ�R�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�GH�SDUWH�GHOD�VRFLHGDG�GHPDQGDGD�HQ�UHODFLRpQ�D�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GHO�VXSXHVWR�FUHpGLWR�TXH�ODVRFLHGDG�GHPDQGDQWH��SUHWHQGH�VH�GHFODUH�YLpD�MXGLFLDO�

Page 21: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

����� �3RU �VX �SDUWH �HO �DUW� ���� �GHO �&RpGLJR �7ULEXWDULR� �HVWDEOHFH �TXH �ORVFRQWULEX\HQWHV �HVWDpQ �REOLJDGRV �D �HPLWLU �SRU �ODV �WUDQVDFFLRQHV �TXH �UHDOLFHQFRPSUREDQWHV�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDO��R�IDFWXUD�GHSHQGLHQGR�GH�VL�OD�WUDQVDFFLRpQ�VHUHDOL]D�FRQ�XQ�FRQWULEX\HQWH�R�QR��HV�GHFLU��TXH�HO�FRPSUREDQWH�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDOHV�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�TXH�FRPSUXHED�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GH�XQ�GHWHUPLQDGR�QHJRFLR�VXMHWRDO�LPSXHVWR�GHO�,9$��VLQ�TXH�HVWR�LPSOLTXH�TXH�HO�VHUYLFLR�R�SURGXFWR�KD\D�VLGRHQWUHJDGR�DO�FUHpGLWR�R�DO�FRQWDGR�

������(Q�HVH�VHQWLGR��QR�EDVWD�OOHQDU�XQ�IRUPXODULR�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDO�R�QRWD�GHDERQR�FRQ�HO�QRPEUH�GH�XQD�SHUVRQD�QDWXUDO�R�MXULpGLFD�SDUD�GHWHUPLQDU�TXH�HpVWDVH�REOLJRp�DO�SDJR�GH�OR�TXH�HQ�HO�GRFXPHQWR�VH�FRQVLJQD��SXHV�FRPR�\D�VH�GLMR�HOFRPSUREDQWH �GH �FUHpGLWR �ILVFDO �HVWDEOHFH �XpQLFDPHQWH �HO �KHFKR �JHQHUDGRU �GHOVHUYLFLR�R�YHQWD�UHDOL]DGR�\�HQ�OD�QRWD�GH�DERQR�QR�FRQVWD�TXH�HO�GHPDQGDGR�VHKD\D�REOLJDGR� �DFHSWDGR�R�UHFRQRFLGR�FRPR�VX\D�OD �GHXGD�VREUH�OD �FDQWLGDGUHVWDQWH�

t��

� �5(&20(1'$&,21(6 �3$5$$8',(1&,$ �35(3$5$725,$ �(1352&(626 �&,9,/(6 �<0(5&$17,/(6�

'XUDQWH�OD�DXGLHQFLD�SUHSDUDWRULD�FRPR�HO�QRPEUH�OR�LQGLFD��VHUg��GHVSXhV�GH�ODIDVH�FRQFLOLDWRULD�\�HO�VDQHDPLHQWR�GH�ORV�GHIHFWRV�SURFHVDOHV��HO�PRPHQWR�HQ�TXHOD �WHRUiD �GHO �FDVR �SHUILODGD �DQWHV �GH �WRPDU �HO �FDVR� �FREUD �UHOHYDQFLD �GHFRQIRUPLGDG �DO �$UW� ���� �&3&0� �SXHVWR �TXH �VH �GDQ �ORV �PRPHQWRV �PgVLPSRUWDQWHV�GHO�SURFHVR�GHFODUDWLYR�FRPjQ��TXH�VH�UHSOLFD�HQ�ORV�SURFHVRV�GHnQLFD�DXGLHQFLD��\�HQ�DOJXQRV�FDVRV�HQ�ORV�RWURV�SURFHVR��\�HVWR�HV�SDUD�ILMDU�HQIRUPD�SUHFLVD�OD�SUHWHQVLiQ�\�HO�WHPD�GH�OD�SUXHED��\�SDUD�SURSRQHU�\�DGPLWLU

Page 22: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

OD�SUXHED�GH�TXH�LQWHQWHQ�YDOHUVH�ODV�SDUWHV�HQ�OD�DXGLHQFLD�SUREDWRULD�FRPRIXQGDPHQWR�GH�VX�SUHWHQVLlQ�R�UHVLVWHQFLD�

(VWDV�IDVHV�VLUYHQ�SDUD�ILMDU�ORV�IXQGDPHQWRV�MXUiGLFRV�TXH�SHUPLWHQ�VRSRUWDU�OHJDO�\�GRFWULQDULDPHQWH�OD�WHVLV�\�ODV�SUXHEDV�TXH�OR�GHPXHVWUDQ�\�TXH�VHUgQSUDFWLFDGDV�HQ�HO�GHEDWH��3ULQFLSDOPHQWH�SDUD�GHVOLQGDU�DTXHOORV�SXQWRV�GRQGHKD\D�FRQIRUPLGDG�\�VREUH�ORV�TXH�H[LVWD�GLVFRQIRUPLGDG�TXH�FRQIRUPDUDQ�ORVKHFKRV�FRQWURYHUWLGRV��VREUH�OR�FXDO�YHUVDUD�OD�SUXHED��$UW������\�����&3&0�

(O�$UW�����&3&0��HVWDEOHFH�OD�DJHQGD�GH�OD�$XGLHQFLD�3UHSDUDWRULD�\�OR�SRGHPRVGHVJORVDU�$Vi�

/D�DXGLHQFLD�SUHSDUDWRULD�VHUYLUg��SRU�HVWH�RUGHQ�

3DUD�LQWHQWDU�OD�FRQFLOLDFLlQ�GH�ODV�SDUWHV��D�ILQ�GH�HYLWDU�OD�FRQWLQXDFLlQ��LQQHFHVDULD�GHO�SURFHVR�3DUD�SHUPLWLU�HO �VDQHDPLHQWR�GH�ORV�GHIHFWRV�SURFHVDOHV�TXH�SXGLHUDQ��WHQHU�ODV�DOHJDFLRQHV�LQLFLDOHV�3DUD�ILMDU�HQ�IRUPD�SUHFLVD�OD�SUHWHQVLlQ�\�HO�WHPD�GH�OD�SUXHED���3DUD�SURSRQHU�\�DGPLWLU�OD�SUXHED�GH�TXH�LQWHQWHQ�YDOHUVH�ODV�SDUWHV�HQ�OD��DXGLHQFLD�SUREDWRULD�FRPR�IXQGDPHQWR�GH�VX�SUHWHQVLlQ�R�UHVLVWHQFLD�([FHSFLRQDOPHQWH� �HQ �FDVRV �GH �XUJHQFLD� �FRPSUREDGD �D �MXLFLR �GHO��WULEXQDO��SRGUg�UHFLELUVH�OD�SUXHED�TXH��SRU�VX�QDWXUDOH]D��VHD�SRVLEOHGLOLJHQFLDU�HQ�GLFKD�DXGLHQFLD�

(Q �HVH �RUGHQ �HV �GH �VXPD�UHOHYDQFLD� �SXHV �HV �OD �LQIRUPDFLlQ �TXH �GHEHPRV�LQWURGXFLU �HQ�OD �DXGLHQFLD�3UHSDUDWRULD� �HV �SRU�HOOR �TXH�GHMR�SDUD�XVWHGHV��5(&20(1'$&,21(6�3$5$�/$�$8',(1&,$�35(3$5$725,$�

�� �12 �'(%(026 �$5*80(17$5 �62%5( �(/5(68/7$'2�'(/ �352&(62�(O�PRPHQWR�GH�OD�ILMDFLiQ�GH�OD�SUHWHQVLiQ��ILMDFLiQ�GHO�WHPD�GH�OD�SUXHED�QLOD�DGPLVLiQ�GH�OD�SUXHED�QR�HV�SDUD�HPLWLU�FRQFOXVLRQHV��\D�TXH�PDWHULDOPHQWHQR�VH�WLHQH�QDGD�SUREDGR��GHVGH�HO�SXQWR�GH�YLVWD�QRUPDWLYR�HV�FDXVDO�YgOLGD�GHREMHFLlQ��

/DV�FRQFOXVLRQHV��TXH�UHVSRQGHUgQ�D�OD�SUHJXQWD��GH�SRU�TXH�QXHVWUD�WHRUiD�GHOFDVR�HV�OD�PDV�UREXVWD��\�GHEH�DFFHGHUVH�D�OR�SUHWHQGLGR��OR�GHMDUHPRV�SDUD�ORV

Page 23: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

DOHJDWRV�ILQDOHV�

(VWH�PRPHQWR�SURFHVDO�GHEH�FHjLUVH�D�OD�DJHQGD�GH�OD�DXGLHQFLD�SUHSDUDWRULDSODVPDGR�HQ�HO�$UW������&3&0

�� �12 �(6 �020(172 �'( �+$%/$5 �'( �/$52%867(=�'( �/$ �358(%$�1R�GHEHPRV�VREUHGLPHQVLRQDU�ORV�DOFDQFHV�GH�OD�SUXHED�TXH�VH�SUHVHQWDUg��HVWRJHQHUD �FRVWRV �GH �FUHGLELOLGDG� �(VWR �QR �GHEH �FRQIXQGLUVH �FRQ �OD �QHFHVLGDGLPSHUDWLYD�GH�MXVWLILFDU�OD�DGPLVLELOLGDG�GH�OD�SUXHED��DUJXPHQWDQGR�VREUH�VXXWLOLGDG�\�SHUWLQHQFLD��\�GHWHUPLQDQGR�VX�ILQDOLGDG�\�FRQWHQLGR�VLQ�ROYLGDU�GHVLQJXODUL]DU�HO�PHGLR�

���12�(0,7,5�23,1,21(6�3(5621$/(6�(O�DOHJDWR�TXH�VH�KDFH�HQ�FDGD�LQWHUYHQFLlQ�GXUDQWH�HO�WUDQVFXUVR�GH�OD�DXGLHQFLDSUHSDUDWRULD�QR�HV�XQD�LQVWDQFLD�SDUD�DSHODU�D�ORV�VHQWLPLHQWRV�GHO�MX]JDGRU�

(V�GHFLU�SRFR�LPSRUWD�OR�TXH�SRGDPRV�SHQVDU�VREUH�XQ�SXQWR��OR�UHOHYDQWH�UDGLFDSUHFLVDPHQWH�HQ�XQD�SUHWHQVLlQ�GHELGDPHQWH�HVWUXFWXUDGD�FRQ�HO�GHELGR�VRSRUWHIgFWLFR�VLQ�IDOWDU�ODV�SUXHEDV�SHUWLQHQWHV�\�XWLOHV�

�� �6( �'(%( �75$7$5 �'( �3(5621$/,=$5 �(/&21)/,&72�3UHVHQWDU �HO �FDVR �GH �PDQHUD �FRPSUHQVLEOH �FRQ�XQ�OHQJXDMH �WhFQLFR �SHUR �QRUHEXVFDGR �HV �XQD �UHFRPHQGDFLlQ �LPSUHVFLQGLEOH� �QR �GHEHPRV �FDHU �HQDEVWUDFFLRQHV� �VL �QR �KDFHU �QXHVWURV �SODQWHDPLHQWRV �OR �PgV �SXQWXDOHV �SRVLEOHV�

3ULQFLSDOPHQWH �HVWD �UHFRPHQGDFLlQ �YD �HQIRFDGD �D �TXH �HQWUH �PDV �OHVLPSOLILTXHPRV�DO�MX]JDGRU�QXHVWUDV�SRVWXUDV��VHUgQ�PDV�IDFLOHV�GH�DVLPLODU�\DFHSWDU�SRU�HO�-X]JDGRU�

�� �6(5 �&21*58(17( �&21 �/$ �7(25,$ �'(/&$62(V �LPSRUWDQWH �UHFRUGDU �TXH �DQWHV �GH �KDEHU �GHPDQGDGR �R �FRQWHVWDGR �XQD

Page 24: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

GHPDQGD��WXYLPRV�TXH�KDEHU�UHYLVDGR��DQDOL]DGR�\�FRPSOHWDGR�QXHVWUD�WHRUiD�GHOFDVR��HO�FXDO�QR�HV�PDV�TXH�OD�SODQLILFDFLlQ�GH�QXHVWUR�SURFHVR�FRQ�PLUDV�D�XQUHVXOWDGR �H[LWRVR� �GH �WDO �IRUPD �TXH �VL �KLFLPRV �QXHVWUR �WUDEDMR �SUHYLR �D �ODVDOHJDFLRQHV�LQLFLDOHV�SUHSDUDQGR�QXHVWUD�WHRUiD�GHO�FDVR��WHQGUHPRV�FODURV�ORVSXQWRV�D�DERUGDU�HQ�OD�DXGLHQFLD�SUHSDUDWRULD��VLHQGR�GH�VXPD�LPSRUWDQFLD�VHUFRQVHFXHQWHV�FRQ�OD�HVWUDWHJLD�SODQWHDGD�GHVGH�XQ�LQLFLR�

(YDFXDGRV�ORV�WUDPLWHV�GH�OD�DXGLHQFLD�SUHSDUDWRULD�VH�SURFHGH�DO�VHjDODPLHQWRGH�DXGLHQFLD�SUREDWRULD�R�HQ�HO �FDVR�GH�ORV�SURFHVRV�GH�nQLFD�DXGLHQFLD� �VHSURFHGH�D�OD�SURGXFFLlQ�GH�OD�SUXHED��REUD�GHFLU�TXH�OD�SUXHED�GRFXPHQWDO�VHFRQVLGHUD�SURGXFLGD�PHGLDQWH�VX�OHFWXUD�R�VX�LQFRUSRUDFLlQ��HO�UHVWR�GH�SUXHEDVHVSHFLDOPHQWH��ODV�GHFODUDFLRQHV�GH�WRGD�iQGROH�FREUDQ�UHOHYDQFLD�HQ�HO�PRPHQWRGH�OD�SURGXFFLlQ�GH�OD�SUXHED�\�QR�HQ�OD�DXGLHQFLD�SUHSDUDWRULD�

(Q�RWUR�DUWLFXOR�DERUGDUh�HQ�TXH�FRQVLVWH�FDGD�HWDSD�GH�HVWH�DXGLHQFLD�

$FUHGLWDFLiQ�GH�3UXHED�0DWHULDO�R7DQJLEOH��$UW������&3&0�

/HV �FRPSDUWR �XQ �PDWHULDO �TXH �SXHGH �VHU �GH �LQWHUHV� �XQD �SUHVHQWDFLlQ �SDUDHQWHQGHU�FRPR�RSHUD�OD�DFUHGLWDFLlQ�GH�SUXHED�PDWHULDO�R�WDQJLEOH�HQ�QXHVWUR'HUHFKR�3URFHVDO�&LYLO�\�0HUFDQWLO�

0$75,=�'(�2%-(&,21(6

$�FRQWLQXDFLlQ�XQD�KHUUDPLHQWD�nWLO�GH�XVR�HQ�DXGLHQFLDV��TXH�FRPSUHQGH�XQD

Page 26: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

'2&80(1726 �35,9$'265(&212&,'2 �2 �&21 �),50$6/(*$/,=$'$6�

$QgOLVLV�GH�GRFXPHQWRV�HQ�JHQHUDO�\�ORV�SULYDGRV�SDUWLFXODUPHQWH��DVi��FRPR�VXV�HIHFWRV�SUREDWRULRV�(O�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH���(O�DOFDQFH�GH�OD�FDUWD�RIHUWD�FRPR�SUXHED��GH�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GH�OD�UHODFLlQ��FRQWUDFWXDO �YDOLGH] �GH �&DUWD �2IHUWD �FRPR �SUXHED �GH �OD �YLQFXODFLlQFRQWUDFWXDO(IHFWRV�HQ�MXLFLR��SURSRVLFLlQ�\�YDORUDFLlQ�GH�GLFKR�GRFXPHQWRV���&DVRV�MXULVSUXGHQFLDOHV���

$QgOLVLV�GH�GRFXPHQWRV�HQ�JHQHUDO\�ORV�SULYDGRV�SDUWLFXODUPHQWH��DVhFRPR�VXV�HIHFWRV�SUREDWRULRV�&RQ�OD�HQWUDGD�HQ�YLJHQFLD�GHO�&lGLJR�3URFHVDO�&LYLO�\�0HUFDQWLO�HQ�(O�6DOYDGRU�VH �KD�GDGR�XQ�FDPELR�HQ�OD �QRUPDWLYD�UHVSHFWR�D �OD �YDOLGH] �TXH�WLHQHQ�ORVGRFXPHQWRV �FRPR �IXHQWHV �GH �SUXHED� �HO �SUHVHQWH �HVWXGLR �VH �FHQWUD �HQ �ORVGRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV� �DO �HIHFWR�KDUHPRV�XQ�DQgOLVLV �FRPSDUDWLYR�GH�FlPR�VHHQFRQWUDEDQ�UHJXODGRV�\�FRPR�VH�HQFXHQWUDQ�KR\�QRUPDGRV��\�ORV�HIHFWRV�TXHSXHGDQ �WHQHU �HQ �XQ �SRVLEOH �OLWLJLR� �FRPR �PHGLRV �GH �SUXHED �SDUD �DFUHGLWDUFRQWHQLGR�\�RWRUJDQWHV�

3XHV�ELHQ�FXDQGR�KDEODPRV�GH�SUXHED�LQVWUXPHQWDO�FRPR�FDWHJRUiD��QRV�HYRFD�DOD�UHLQD�GH�ODV�SUXHEDV�HQ�PDWHULD�FLYLO��(O�GRFXPHQWR��/D�SUXHED�GRFXPHQWDO��HVOD �SUXHED�PDV�LPSRUWDQWH�GH�ODV �SUXHEDV�HQ�HO �SURFHVR�FLYLO �\ �PHUFDQWLO �HQDOJXQRV �FDVRV� �D �GLIHUHQFLD �GHO �GHUHFKR �SHQDO �GRQGH �OD �WHVWLILFDO �HV �OD �TXHSUHYDOHFH�

Page 27: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

/D�FODVLILFDFLlQ�IXQGDPHQWDO�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�DWLHQGH�D�VX�SURFHGHQFLD��DVi�HQHO�&��35��&��GHURJDGR�\�HQ�HO�&lGLJR�&LYLO��GH�WDO�IRUPD�TXH�HO�DUW������GHO�&��3UF��H[SUHVDED�TXH�ORV�LQVWUXPHQWRV�VH�GLYLGHQ�HQ�SnEOLFRV��DXWhQWLFRV�R�SULYDGRV�DXQTXH� �VL �DWHQGHPRV �D �OD �FODVLILFDFLlQ �GH �ORV �GRFXPHQWRV �GHQRPLQDGRVDXWhQWLFRV�TXH�UHDOL]D�HO�&�3UF���VH�WUDWD�GH�GRFXPHQWRV��SnEOLFRV��SXHV�WDQWR�ORVLQVWUXPHQWRV�D�TXH�VH�UHILHUH�HO�$UW������&���ORV�FDUWXODULRV��FRPR�HO�$UW������&��DXWhQWLFRV��SRU�RWUD�SDUWH�VH�GHVSUHQGH�OD�HTXLSDUDFLlQ�TXH�UHDOL]D�HO�DUW������&��$O�TXH�PH�UHIHULUh�HQ�DGHODQWH�

(O�DUW�������&��'LFH��r,QVWUXPHQWR�SnEOLFR�R�DXWhQWLFR�HV�HO�DXWRUL]DGR�FRQ�ODVVROHPQLGDGHV�OHJDOHV�SRU�HO �FRPSHWHQWH�IXQFLRQDULRt�s� �\�HQ�LJXDO�VHQWLGR�ORH[SRQiDQ�ORV �DUW� �����\ �����&35&� �(QWRQFHV�SDUD�GHWHUPLQDU �OD �FDOLGDG�GHOGRFXPHQWR�HV�QHFHVDULR�UHYLVDU�

�/D�IRUPD�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�

�/D�SHUVRQD�TXH�OR�KD�DXWRUL]DGR�R�TXH�OR�H[SLGH�

�$MXVWH�GH�ODV�QRUPDV�HVWDEOHFLGDV�HQ�OD�OH\�

&RPR�HV�HYLGHQWH�OD�FODVLILFDFLlQ�GH�ORV�LQVWUXPHQWRV��WUDGLFLRQDOPHQWH��DWLHQGHOD �SURFHGHQFLD �GH �ORV �GRFXPHQWRV� �GDGR �TXH �HQ �QXHVWURV �RUGHQDPLHQWRV �HVWUDGLFLRQDO�GHWHUPLQDU�OD�ILDELOLGDG�\�SRU�WDQWR�HO �YDORU�D�HIHFWRV�SUREDWRULRVGHSHQGLHQGR�GH�OD�FXDOLGDG�GH�OD�SHUVRQD�TXH�KD�LQWHUYHQLGR�HQ�VX�FRQIHFFLlQ�

&RQ�UHVSHFWR�D�HO�FRQWHQLGR�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV��GHEHPRV�WRPDU�HQ�ORV�$UWV�����\�� �GH �OD �/H\ �GH �1RWDULDGR� �UHILULhQGRVH �D �ORV �SULPHURV �FRPR �DTXHOORV �TXHFRQWLHQHQ�GHFODUDFLRQHV�GH�YROXQWDG�\�D�ORV�VHJXQGRV��ORV�TXH�GRFXPHQWDQ�KHFKRVTXH�SRU�VXV�FDUDFWHUiVWLFDV�QR�SXHGHQ�FRQVWLWXLU�FRQWUDWRV��SHUR�VX�QDWXUDOH]D�HVTXH�VLJXHQ�VLHQGR�SnEOLFRV�

$KRUD�ELHQ��UHVSHFWR�D�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�HO�DUW������&�3UF��WUDWDED�GH�GDUXQD�GHILQLFLlQ�HQ�SRVLWLYR�D�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV��FRQWUDULR�D�HOOR�OD�GRFWULQDSDUWH�GH�XQD�DILUPDFLlQ�GH�FRQWHQGLl�SUgFWLFR�GHVGH�OD�lSWLFD�GH�TXH�QR�VRQ��6RQGRFXPHQWR�SULYDGRV�OR�TXH�QR�VRQ�SnEOLFRV��HV�GHFLU�WRGRV�DTXHOORV�GRFXPHQWRVTXH� �SRU�OD �UD]lQ�TXH�VHD�QR�SXHGHQ�LQFOXLUVH�HQ�DTXhOORV� �SRU�HOOR� �QR�VRQSnEOLFRV�ORV�H[SHGLGRV�SRU�IXQFLRQDULR�FXDQGR�VH�WUDWD�GH�DFWRV�TXH�QR�VRQ�GH�VXRILFLR�R�GH�VX�FDUJR��R�FXDQGR�OHV�IDOWDQ�ODV�VROHPQLGDGHV�OHJDOHV��FRPR�ORV�OLEURVGH�FRPHUFLDQWHV� �DVLHQWRV�GH�UHJLVWURV�\�SDSHOHV�GRPhVWLFRV� �QRWD�HVFULWD�GHO

Page 28: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

DFUHHGRU�TXH�KDEOD�HO������&�

(Q�FXDQWR�DO�SXQWR�TXH�QRV�RFXSD�KH�GH�UHIHULUPH�D�OD�YDOLGH]�\�HILFDFLD�GHOFRQWHQLGR�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV��SDUWLFXODUPHQWH�ORV�SULYDGRV��FXDQGR�VH�UHILHUHQ�DFRQWUDWRV��\�HV�TXH�HVWRV�KDFHQ�IH��QR�VROR�HQ�OR�GLVSRVLWLYR��VLQR�WDPELhQ��HQ�ORHQXQFLDWLYR ��VLHPSUH �TXH �WHQJDQ�UHODFLlQ �FRQ �OR �GLVSRVLWLYR�� �HQWLhQGDVH �SRUFOgXVXODV�GLVSRVLWLYDV��FRPR�DTXHOODV�TXH�VRQ�SURSLDV�GHO�FRQWUDWR�TXH�VLQ�HOODV�HOLQVWUXPHQWR�GHMDUiD�GH�GRFXPHQWDU�HO�DFWR�GH�YROXQWDG��\�ODV�HQXQFLDWLYDV��VRQDTXHOODV�TXH�D�SHVDU�TXH�QR�FRQVWHQ�QR�DOWHUDQ�OD�VXVWDQWLYLGDG�GH�OD�UHODFLlQFRQWUDFWXDO� �OR �FXDO �HVWg �SUHYLVWR �HQ �HO �$UW� ������&� �([SOLFDGR �HVWR �SRU �ORVPDHVWURV�$OHVVDQGUL�\�6RPDUULYD��

+R\�HQ�GiD�HO�&lGLJR�3URFHVDO�&LYLO�\�0HUFDQWLO��UHWRPD�OD�FODVLILFDFLlQ�ELSDUWLWDGH�GRFXPHQWRV�3nEOLFRV�\�3ULYDGRV�HQ�ORV�$UWV������\������GHILQLHQGR�ORV�SULYDGRV�FRPR�DTXHOORV�FX\D�DXWRUiD�HV�DWULEXLGD�D�SDUWLFXODUHV��\�DTXHOORV�TXH�QR�UHYLVWHQODV�VROHPQLGDGHV�SDUD�VHU�DXWhQWLFRV�

3DUWLFXODUPHQWH�PH�UHILHUR�D�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�TXH�SRU�VX�QDWXUDOH]DGRFXPHQWDQ�DFWRV�GH�YROXQWDG�R�FRQWUDWRV��GH�ORV�FXDOHV�HPDQDQ�REOLJDFLRQHV�\TXH�WUDGLFLRQDOPHQWH�HV�GHVHR�GH�ORV�RWRUJDQWHV�GDU�YDORU�GH�LQVWUXPHQWR�SnEOLFRD�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV��GH�GHVFDUJR�R�GH�FXDOTXLHU�RWUD�FODVH�TXH�KXELHUH�RWRUJDGR���

(VWRV�GRFXPHQWRV�VLQ�PD\RU�VROHPQLGDG�D�SHWLFLlQ�GH�ORV�LQWHUHVDGRV��SXHGHGDUOH�LQWHUYHQFLlQ�DO�QRWDULR�SDUD�TXH��KDJD�FRQVWDU�HQ�XQ�DFWD�D�FRQWLQXDFLlQ�GHOLQVWUXPHQWR�TXH�VH�OH�SUHVHQWH�R�HQ�KRMD�VHSDUDGD��FRQ�ODV�IRUPDOLGDGHV�GH�ORVLQVWUXPHQWRV�SnEOLFRV��HQ�OD�TXH�LGHQWLILFD�HO�GRFXPHQWR�FRQ�H[SUHVLlQ�GH�ODVFOgXVXODV�HVHQFLDOHV�GHO�PLVPR��WDOHV�FRPR�ODV�TXH�WUDWDQ�GH�FDQWLGDGHV��SOD]RV�HLQWHUHVHV�\�HQ�OD�TXH�GDUg�IH�GH�TXH�OD�ILUPD�SXHVWD�DO�SLH�GHO�PLVPR�HV�GH�ODSHUVRQD�TXH�OR�VXVFULELl�D�VX�SUHVHQFLD�R�TXH�OD�UHFRQRFH�DQWH�hO��VL�KXELHVH�VLGRSXHVWD�DQWHV��R�GH�TXH�UHFRQRFH�OD�REOLJDFLlQ�R�FRQWHQLGR�GH�GLFKR�GRFXPHQWR��VLhVWH�HVWXYLHUH�VXVFULWR�SRU�RWUD�SHUVRQD�D�UXHJR�GHO�FRPSDUHFLHQWH��(OHYDQGR�HOGRFXPHQWR �SULYDGR �D �OD �FDWHJRUiD �GH �GRFXPHQWR �SnEOLFR� �$UW� ��� �/(< �'(127$5,$'2

/RV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�UHFRQRFLGRV�GH�FRQIRUPLGDG�FRQ�HVWH�DUWiFXOR��KDUgQ�IH�SHUR�VX�IHFKD�QR�VH�FRQWDUg�UHVSHFWR�GH�WHUFHURV�VLQR�GHVGH�TXH�VH�RWRUJl�HO�DFWDGH�FRQIRUPLGDG�FRQ�HO�$UW�������&��\�FXDQGR�IXHUHQ�GRFXPHQWRV�GH�REOLJDFLlQ�WHQGUgQ�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD�

Page 29: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

&RPR�YHPRV�OD�IXQFLlQ�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�UHFRQRFLGRV��HV�HOHYDU�D�ODFDWHJRUiD�GH�SnEOLFRV�ORV�PLVPRV��SRU�XQ�ODGR�SDUD�GDUOH�R�LPSUHJQDU�IH�3f%/,&$DO �DFWR �LQFRUSRUDGR� �\ �FXDQGR �IXHUHQ �GH �REOLJDFLlQ �HPEHVWLUORV �GH �)8(5=$(-(&87,9$��SDUD�HO�UHFODPR�UgSLGR�GH�ODV�REOLJDFLRQHV�TXH�GRFXPHQWDQ��\�TXHSHUVH�HQWUDUiDQ�HQ�OD�FDWHJRUiD�GH�GRFXPHQWRV�SnEOLFRV�DO�VHU�HOHYDGRV�D�OR�GLFKR�

3HUR�TXh�SDVD�FRQ�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�HQ�ORV�TXH�ORV�LQWHUHVDGRV�QR�RSWDQSRU�DFXGLU�DO�QRWDULR�SDUD�OD�LQWHUYHQFLlQ�GLFKD��dTXH�YDORU�SUREDWRULR�WLHQHQ�HQXQ �SURFHVR"� �dVRQ �YgOLGRV �VLQ �DTXHOODV �IRUPDOLGDGHV"� �dVLUYHQ �SDUD �DFUHGLWDUREOLJDFLRQHV"

'RFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�UHFRQRFLGRVMXGLFLDOPHQWH�(O �UHFRQRFLPLHQWR �MXGLFLDO �SUgFWLFDPHQWH �VH �KD �YXHOWR �DOJR �LQKHUHQWH �D �ORVSURFHVRV�MXGLFLDOHV��SXHVWR�TXH�DQWH�OD�SUHVHQWDFLlQ�GH�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�GH�OD�FODVHTXH�IXHUH��VLHPSUH�HVWDUg�VRPHWLGR�DO�HVFUXWLQLR�GH�OD�FRQWUDSDUWH�\�VX�SRVLEOHLPSXJQDFLlQ� �GH�OR �FRQWUDULR �VH �WHQGUg�FRPR�GRFXPHQWR�YgOLGR� �\ �DnQ�VL �VHLPSXJQD�\�QR�VH�ORJUD�SUREDU�OD�LPSXJQDFLlQ�VH�YDORUD�FRQIRUPH�D�ODV�UHJODV�GHOD�VDQD�FUiWLFD�FRQ�FDVL�SOHQR�YDORU��HVWR�GH�FRQIRUPLGDG�DO�$UW������LQF��c�&3&0�

7DPELhQ��SXHGH�SURSLFLDUVH�XQ�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�MXGLFLDO��PHGLDQWH�XQD�GLOLJHQFLDSUHOLPLQDU�FRQ�ORV�HIHFWRV�TXH�VH�WHQJD�SRU�UHFRQRFLGR�DO�QHJDUVH�KDFHUOR��HVWRVREUH�OD�EDVH�GHO�$UW� �����RUG��c�&3&0���HVWRV�GRFXPHQWRV�QR�GHMDQ�GH�VHUSULYDGRV�SHUR�VX�YDORU�SUREDWRULR�VH�YH�UHDILUPDGR�SRU�OD�DFWLWXG�GH�OD�SDUWHFRQWUDULD�

4XH�VXFHGH�HQ�HO�PRPHQWR�DQWHV�GH�VHU�VRPHWLGRV�D�XQ�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�GH�HVWRVGRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV��TXH�FDOLGDG�WLHQH��VL�SRU�HMHPSOR�-XDQ�\�&DUORV�ILUPDQ�XQFRQYHQLR�VLQ�DFXGLU �DO �QRWDULR �SDUD�TXH�OHJDOLFH�R�SDUD�TXH�OHYDQWH�DFWD�GHUHFRQRFLPLHQWR��(VWR�QR�HV�XQD�QRYHGDG�FRPR�HVWDUg�SHQVDQGR�HO�OHFWRU��SHUR�D�ODOX]�GH�QXHVWUD�OHJLVODFLlQ�MXGLFLDO�HV�GH�VXPD�UHOHYDQFLD�YHU�ORV�HIHFWRV�MXUiGLFRVTXH �HVWRV �GRFXPHQWRV �UHYLVWHQ �DQWH �ODV �FDUJDV �SUREDWRULDV �\ �VLVWHPDV �GHYDORUDFLlQ�

(Q�HVH�RUGHQ��YDOH�GHFLU�TXH�OD�FRQFHSFLlQ�TXH�WHQHPRV�VREUH�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�\�VX

Page 30: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

YDOLGH]��UHVSRQGH�D�TXH�VL�KD�LQWHUYHQLGR�R�QR�XQ�IHGDWDULR�GHO�PLVPR��\�HVWR�QRGHMDUg�GH�VHU�DVi��DXQ�PHGLDQWH�HO�XVR�GH�ODV�WHFQRORJiDV�GH�OD�LQIRUPDFLlQ��SXHVHQ�QXHVWUR�SDiV�VH�HVWg�GLVFXWLHQGR�OD�/H\�GH�&RPHUFLR�(OHFWUlQLFR��\�)LUPD(OHFWUlQLFD �GRQGH�VH �FRQWHPSODUg �XQ�DJHQWH �R �XQ�WHUFHUR �TXH�GH �IH �GH �ORVPHFDQLVPRV �WHFQROlJLFRV �TXH �DFUHGLWHQ �TXH �OD �ILUPD�HOHFWUlQLFD �GHQRPLQDGR3URYHHGRU�GH�6HUYLFLRV�GH�&HUWLILFDFLlQ�(OHFWUlQLFD��SHUR�QR�SXHGH�QHJDUVH�TXHFRQVWDQWHPHQWH �VH �HVWgQ �SURGXFLHQGR �UHODFLRQHV �FRPHUFLDOHV� �SUHVWDFLlQ �GHVHUYLFLRV��FRQWUDWDFLlQ��GH�PDQHUD�LQIRUPDO��VREUH�OD�EDVH�GH�OD�EXHQD�IH�GHOFRPHUFLDQWH���\�TXH�HVRV�GRFXPHQWRV�XOWHULRUPHQWH�SXHGDQ�VHUYLU��D�SHVDU�GH�ODIDOWD�GH�VROHPQLGDG��HQ�GRFXPHQWRV�TXH�DPSDUHQ�\�KDJDQ�IH�GH�GLFKDV�UHODFLRQHV�DVi�FRPR�VXV�DOFDQFHV�GH�ODV�PLVPDV�SXHGDQ�H[WUDHUVH�GH�HVWRV�GRFXPHQWRV�

(V�FXULRVR�REVHUYDU�HQ�OD�OHJLVODFLlQ�SURFHVDO�FLYLO�GHURJDGD��TXH�GHQWUR�GH�ORVWiWXORV �TXH�WUDiDQ �DSDUHMDGD�IXHU]D �HMHFXWLYD �VH �FRQWHPSODEDQ�HQWUH �RWURV �HO5HFRQRFLPLHQWR��MXGLFLDO�R�QRWDULDO��GLFKDV�GLVSRVLFLRQHV�QR�IXHURQ�UHWRPDGDV�HQQXHVWUR�FlGLJR�3URFHVDO�&LYLO�\�0HUFDQWLO��FRPR�GRFXPHQWR�TXH�WHQJD�DSDUHMDGDHMHFXFLlQ��QR�VLJQLILFDQGR�HVWR�TXH�QR�VHD�SRVLEOH�HQFDMDUOR�HQ�ORV�VXSXHVWRV�GH�ODQRUPD�TXH�UHFRJH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�TXH�WUDHQ�DSDUHMDGD�HMHFXFLlQ��HQ�HVH�RUGHQ�\HQ�OXJDU�GHO�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�FRPR�GRFXPHQWR�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD�VH�KD�SODVPDGRTXH�HO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH�WLHQH�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD�HQ�HO�$UW������25'��c&3&0��GH�WDO�PDQHUD�TXH�SXHGH�VHU�TXH�HVWHPRV��IUHQWH�D�XQ�QXHYR�WLSR�GHGRFXPHQWR�OHJDO��HV�GHFLU��QRUPDGR�R�VLPSOHPHQWH�KR\�VH�OH�GHQRPLQH�GH�XQDIRUPD�X�RWUD��YHDPRV�D�TXH�VH�UHILHUH�HVWH�WLSR�GH�GRFXPHQWR��6LQ�SHUMXLFLR�TXHQR�HVWHPRV��DERUGDQGR�HO�SURFHVR�HVSHFLDO�HMHFXWLYR��FREUD�UHOHYDQFLD�DWHQGHUFRQ�HVSHFLDO�FXLGDGR�D�TXH�VH�UHILHUH�HVD�FDWHJRUiD�MXUiGLFD�GH�GRFXPHQWR��QR�VRORHQ�HVWH�WLSR�GH�SURFHVR��VLQR�VX�YDOLGH]�OHJDO�DQWH�FXDOTXLHU�VLWXDFLlQ�MXUiGLFD�

(/ �'2&80(172 �35,9$'2)(+$&,(17(1XHVWUR�RUGHQDPLHQWR�MXUiGLFR�QR�FRQFHSWXDOL]l�TXH�HV�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGRIHKDFLHQWH��GLFKD�IDOHQFLD�KD�SURSLFLDGR�GLYHUVDV�LQWHUSUHWDFLRQHV�GHO�PLVPR��TXHVLHQGR�SULYDGR�

(V�DTXHO�DXWhQWLFR��OHJDOL]DFLlQ�GH�ILUPDV�(V �HO �GRFXPHQWR �UHFRQRFLGR �DQWH �QRWDULR� �PDO �OODPDGR �SULYDGR

Page 31: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

DXWHQWLFDGR�(V�HO�UHFRQRFLGR�MXGLFLDOPHQWH�&XDOTXLHU�GRFXPHQWR�TXH�QR�SXHGD�QL�KD\D�VLGR�LPSXJQDGR�8Q�GRFXPHQWR�GH�ORV�TXH�VLUYDQ�SDUD�DFUHGLWDU�UHODFLRQHV�HQWUH�DFUHHGRU\ �GHXGRU� �\ �DXQ �FXDQGR �KXELHUD �VLGR �FUHDGR �XQLODWHUDOPHQWH �SRU �HODFUHHGRU�GHEHUg�DSDUHFHU�ILUPDGR�SRU�HO�GHXGRU�R�FRQ�FRQVWDQFLD�GH�TXHOD�ILUPD�IXH�SXHVWD�SRU�RUGHQ�VX\D��R�LQFRUSRUDU�FXDOTXLHU�RWUR�VLJQRPHFgQLFR�HOHFWUlQLFR�

6REUH�ODV�GLYHUVDV�SRVWXUDV��PH�SDUHFH��HQ�PL�RSLQLkQ��QR�WRGDV�VRQ�DFHUWDGDV�SHUR�PgV�GH�DOJXQD�Vi�VRQ�LQFOXLGDV�GHQWUR�GH�GLFKR�FRQFHSWR��SRU�HMHPSOR��ODOHJDOL]DFLlQ�GH�ILUPDV�QR�HV�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�SnEOLFR��VLQR�TXH�SULYDGR�FRQ�XQ�JUDGRGH �VROHPQLGDG� �HQ �WDO �VHQWLGR� �FRQFXHUGR �TXH �VL �HQFDMD �HQ �HO �VXSXHVWR� �HOUHFRQRFLGR�DQWH�QRWDULR��PDO�OODPDGR�SULYDGR�DXWHQWLFDGR��HVWH�GRFXPHQWR�SRU�VLVROR�WLHQH�YDORU�GH�LQVWUXPHQWR�SnEOLFR�VDOYR�TXH�HO�DFWD�HVWXYLHVH�PDO�HODERUDGD�HQWRQFHV�QR�SRU�HVR�HO�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�SLHUGH�YDOLGH]��HQ�HVH�RUGHQ�VL�HQWUDUiDHQ�OD�FRQFHSWXDOL]DFLlQ�GH�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH��SXHV�QR�HVWg�HQ�WHOD�GHMXLFLR �OD �ILUPD� �VDOYR �VX �FRQWURYHUVLD �HQ �MXLFLR� �UHVSHFWR �DO �UHFRQRFLGRMXGLFLDOPHQWH��QR�HQ�Vi�XQ�WLSR�GH�GRFXPHQWR��VLQR�HO�PHFDQLVPR�SDUD�DGYHUVDU�HOPLVPR��SRU�OR�WDQWR�VH�VLJXH�OODPDQGR�SULYDGR��\�DGTXLHUH�IHKDFLHQFLD�GHILQLWLYD�DOVHU�UHFRQRFLGR�DQWH�HO�MXH]��ILQDOPHQWH�OD�PgV�DFHUWDGD��SURFHVDOPHQWH�KDEODQGRVHUiD� �WRGR�DTXHO �GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�TXH�QR�KD\D�VLGR�LPSXJQDGR�KDVWD�HVHPRPHQWR� �\�TXH�DO �WHQHU�FLHUWDV�IRUPDOLGDGHV�QR�KD\D�SHUGLGR�VX�QDWXUDOH]DSULYDGD��SODWLFDQGR�FRQ�GLYHUVRV�FROHJDV�WRGDV�ODV�RSLQLRQHV�VRQ�GLYHUVDV�\�SRUVXSXHVWR �YgOLGDV� �OR �TXH �SURSLFLD �TXH �SRFR �D �SRFR �VH �YD\DQ �URPSLHQGRSDUDGLJPDV��VLQ�SHUMXLFLR�GH�HVWDV�YDORUDFLRQHV�SHUVRQDOHV�HV�LPSHUDQWH�DQDOL]DUFXgQGR �SRGHPRV �GHFLU �TXH �HVWDPRV �IUHQWH �D �XQ �GRFXPHQWR �SULYDGR �FRQIHKDFLHQFLD�

/D�SUHPLVD�LQLFLDO�HV�TXH�HV�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR��HQWHQGLGR�HVWH�FRPR��rDTXHOTXH�HPDQDQ�GH�ODV�SDUWHV�R�GH�WHUFHURV��FDUHFLHQGR�GH�YDORU�SUREDWRULR�KDVWDWDQWR�VH�DFUHGLWH�OD�DXWHQWLFLGDG�GH�OD�ILUPD�TXH�ILJXUD�HQ�HOORV��VHD�PHGLDQWH�HOUHFRQRFLPLHQWR�H[SUHVR�R�WgFLWR�GH�OD�SDUWH�D�TXLHQ�VH�DWULEX\H�R�PHGLDQWH�ODFRPSUREDFLlQ�TXH�SXHGD�UHDOL]DUVH�SRU�FXDOTXLHU�FODVH�GH�SUXHEDV�HQWUH�ODVFXDOHV�HVWg�HO�FRWHMR�GH�OHWUDV�s

/D�VHJXQGD�SUHPLVD�HV�TXH�VHD�IHKDFLHQWH��TXH�SXHGH�GHILQLUVH�FRPR��rOR�TXHSUXHED �SOHQDPHQWH �OD �H[LVWHQFLD �GHO �KHFKR �DO �FXDO �VH �UHILHUH� �'RFXPHQWR

Page 32: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

IHKDFLHQWH�HV�HO�TXH�KDFH�IH�HQ�HO�MXLFLR�s

/D �FRQFHSWXDOL]DFLlQ �GHO �GRFXPHQWR �SULYDGR �HQ �HO �&lGLJR �3URFHVDO �&LYLO �\0HUFDQWLO �6DOYDGRUHjR� �TXH �HVWDEOHFH �GRV �JUDQGHV �FDWHJRUiDV �HQ �HO �$UW� ����&3&0�����$TXHOORV�FX\D�DXWRUiD�HV�DWULEXLGD�D�ORV�SDUWLFXODUHV�����7DPELhQ�VHFRQVLGHUDUgQ�LQVWUXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�ORV�H[SHGLGRV�HQ�ORV�TXH�QR�VH�KDQ�FXPSOLGRODV�IRUPDOLGDGHV�TXH�OD�OH\�SUHYh�SDUD�ORV�LQVWUXPHQWRV�SnEOLFRV�

9HDPRV�XQ�HMHPSOR�FOgVLFR��ORV�rTXHGDQs�VRQ�GRFXPHQWRV�PHUFDQWLOHV�TXH�KDFHQIH�VREUH�OD�HQWUHJD�GH�XQD�HVSHFLH�GHWHUPLQDGD�LQFOX\HQGR�GLQHUR�R�HQWUHJD�GHGRFXPHQWRV��VDELGR�HV�TXH�QR�VRQ�WiWXORVYDORUHV��QL�SXHGHQ�FLUFXODU��SHUR�HO�$UW�����&��&RP��([SUHVD�TXH�WLHQHQ�YDORU�GH�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV��\�DGLFLRQDOPHQWHGH�HOORV�HPDQDQ�GHUHFKRV�GH�KDFHU��FRPR�H[LJLU�OD�GHYROXFLlQ�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRVHQWUHJDGRV �\ �RWURV �GHUHFKRV� �FRPR �SRGHPRV �DSUHFLDU �HO �rTXHGDQs �HV �XQGRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR��GHO�FXDO�QR�VH�GXGD�VX�DXWHQWLFLGDG��7DPELhQ�VH�FRQVLGHUDQGRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�ORV�WiWXORV�YDORUHV�TXH�KDQ�SHUGLGR�OD�DFFLlQ�FDPELDULD�SRUFDGXFLGDG�R�PDO�OOHQDGR��SHUR�OR�LPSRUWDQWH�HV�TXH�WLHQHQ�YDORU�

2WUR �HMHPSOR �PgV �DFWXDO �HV �HO �GRFXPHQWR �R �FRQWUDWR �TXH �VH �VXVFULEH �GHFRQIRUPLGDG�D�OD�/H\�GHO�6LVWHPD�GH�7DUMHWD�GH�&UhGLWR��TXH�HQ�VX�DUWiFXOR���,QF���H[SUHVD��r(O�FRQWUDWR�HQWUH�HO�HPLVRU�R�FRHPLVRU�\�HO�WLWXODU�VH�SHUIHFFLRQDPHGLDQWH�OD�ILUPD�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�s��YHDPRV�HO�$UW������&��&RP��GLFH��r&XDQGR�HODFUHGLWDQWH�VHD�XQ�HVWDEOHFLPLHQWR�EDQFDULR�\�HO�DFUHGLWDGR�SXHGD�GLVSRQHU�GHOPRQWR �GHO �FUhGLWR �HQ �FDQWLGDGHV �SDUFLDOHV� �R �HVWh �DXWRUL]DGR �SDUD �HIHFWXDUUHHPEROVRV�SUHYLRV�DO �YHQFLPLHQWR�GHO �WhUPLQR�ILMDGR�SDUD�XVDU�HO �FUhGLWR� �HOHVWDGR�GH�FXHQWD�FHUWLILFDGR�SRU�HO�FRQWDGRU�GH�OD�LQVWLWXFLlQ�DFUHHGRUD�FRQ�HOYLVWR�EXHQR�GHO�JHUHQWH�GH�OD�PLVPD��KDUg�IH�HQ�MXLFLR��VDOYR�SUXHED�HQ�FRQWUDULR�SDUD�OD�ILMDFLlQ�GHO�VDOGR�D�FDUJR�GHO�DFUHGLWDGR��(O�FRQWUDWR�HQ�TXH�VH�KDJDFRQVWDU�HO�VDOGR�FRQ�OD�FHUWLILFDFLlQ�D�TXH�VH�UHILHUH�HVWH�DUWiFXOR��FRQVWLWX\H�WiWXORHMHFXWLYR��VLQ�QHFHVLGDG�GH�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�GH�ILUPD�QL�GH�RWUR�UHTXLVLWR�SUHYLR�s

(Q�HVH�RUGHQ��QRV�VXUJH�OD�SUHJXQWD�d&XgQGR�HO �GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�VH�KDFHIHKDFLHQWH"��SXHV�OD�UHVSXHVWD�VHUiD�FRQFUHWDPHQWH�FXDQGR�KDJD�IH�HQ�XQ�SURFHVRMXGLFLDO��SXHV�OD�IHKDFLHQFLD�DVi�GHILQLGD�FREUD�VHQWLGR�SURSLDPHQWH��HQ�HO�gPELWRSURFHVDO��HV�GHFLU��HQ�HO�PXQGR�GH�ODV�SUXHEDV��VDEHPRV�TXH�OD�SUXHEDV�H[LVWHQXQD�YH]�H[LVWH�HO�MXLFLR��DQWHV�GH�HOOR�VRODPHQWH�VRQ�IXHQWHV�GH�SUXHEDV��FRPRFRQFHSWR�SUHYLR�DO�MXLFLR��DO�QR�H[LVWLU�FRQWURYHUVLD�QR�HV�QHFHVDULR�TXH�KDJDQ�IH�VLQR�KDVWD�HO�SURFHVR�HQ�HO�TXH�ODV�PLVPDV�SXHGHQ�VHU�R�QR�DGYHUVDGDV�

Page 33: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

/RV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�TXH�QR�WLHQHQ�LQFRUSRUDGD�DOJXQD�IRUPDOLGDG��FRPR�HODFWD�GH�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�R�OHJDOL]DFLlQ�GH�ILUPDV��VRQ�FDSDFHV�GH�SURGXFLU�HIHFWRVH[WUD�SURFHVDOHV�FRPR�LQWUDSURFHVDOHV��D�SHVDU�GH�GLFKD�FDUHQFLDV��SXHV�HVWR�QRVLJQLILFD�TXH�QR�VHDQ�YgOLGRV�\�QL�PXFKR�PHQRV�TXH�QR�VHDQ�VXVFHSWLEOHV�GH�KDFHUIH�HQ�XQ�MXLFLR��VREUH�WRGR�SRU�HO�VLVWHPD�SURFHVDO�DGYHUVDWLYR�TXH�ULJH�KR\�ODVUHODFLRQHV �FLYLOHV �\ �PHUFDQWLOHV� �SXHV �ORV �SURFHVRV �MXGLFLDOHV �VH �FHQWUDQSUHFLVDPHQWH�HQ�OD�FRQWURYHUVLD�VREUH�ORV�KHFKRV�DGXFLGRV�SRU�ODV�SDUWHV��\�SRU�ORJHQHUDO�HVRV�KHFKRV�VH�SUXHEDQ�FRQ�GRFXPHQWRV�GH�GLYHUVDV�QDWXUDOH]D��GH�WDOIRUPD �TXH �OD �H[LVWHQFLD �\ �YDOLGH] �GH �XQ �GRFXPHQWR �HV �VXVFHSWLEOH �GHFRQWURYHUWLUVH�R�QR��VHD�SnEOLFR�R�SULYDGR��HQ�WDO�VHQWLGR��VLQR�VH�FRQWURYLHUWH�VHWLHQH�FRPR�XQ�KHFKR�DGPLWLGR�TXH�KDFH�IH�HQWUH�ODV�SDUWHV��VL�HV�LPSXJQDGR�SXHVQR�KDUg�IH��VLHPSUH�TXH�VH�DFUHGLWH�VX�IDOVHGDG�R�PDQLSXODFLlQ�GH�OR�FRQWUDULR�VXYDORUDFLlQ�VH�UHJLUg�GH�FRQIRUPLGDG�D�ODV�UHJODV�GH�OD�6DQD�&UiWLFD��FRQ�YDORU�GHSOHQD �SUXHED� �GH �WDO �IRUPD �TXH �ORV �GRFXPHQWRV �SULYDGRV �HPLWLGRV �HQWUHSDUWLFXODUHV�WLHQHQ�XQ�FDUgFWHU�SUREDWRULR�VXILFLHQWHPHQWH�UREXVWR�SDUD�DFUHGLWDU\�SUREDU�ORV�H[WUHPRV�GH�DTXHOORV�KHFKRV�TXH�GRFXPHQWHQ��\�SDUWLFXODUPHQWH�HQXQ�SURFHVR�MXGLFLDO�VL�DO�VHU�RIUHFLGR�\�GHWHUPLQDGRV��SURSXHVWRV��DGPLWLGRV�\YDORUDGRV �QR�VRQ�UHGDUJoLGRV �R �FRQWURYHUWLGRV� �ORV �PLVPRV�VH �YXHOYHQ�SOHQDSUXHED�GH�VX�FRQWHQLGR�\�RWRUJDQWHV��\�DVi�OR�HVWDEOHFH�HO�$UW������&3&0��GH�WDOVXHUWH �TXH �VH �DILUPD �TXH �D �XQ �GRFXPHQWR �TXH �QR �VH �OH �DGMXQWH �DFWD �GHUHFRQRFLPLHQWR�SRU�QRWDULR�R�DFWD�GH�OHJDOL]DFLlQ�GH�ILUPDV��HV�SHUIHFWDPHQWHSUHVHQWDEOH�HQ�SURFHVR�\�HV�VXVFHSWLEOH�GH�DFUHGLWDU�ORV�KHFKRV�TXH�GRFXPHQWDQGH�OD�PLVPD�IRUPD�TXH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV��SXGLHQGR�DUULEDU�D�OD�FRQFOXVLlQTXH�PLHQWUDV�QR�VHD�LPSXJQDGD�VX�YDOLGH]�\�HILFDFLD�ORV�PLVPRV�VRQ�GRFXPHQWRVIHKDFLHQWHV��VREUH�WRGR�SRU�HO�DSHUWXV�FODXVXV��\�OD�OLEHUWDG�SUREDWRULD�TXH�ULJHQQXHVWUR�VLVWHPD�SURFHVDO�FLYLO�\�PHUFDQWLO�

(Q�WDO�VHQWLGR��ORV�FRPHUFLDQWHV�SXHGHQ�HVWDU�WUDQTXLORV�VL�KDQ�GRFXPHQWDGR�RSLHQVDQ�GRFXPHQWDU�VXV�FRQWUDWRV�FRQ�PHQRV�IRUPDOLVPRV�FRQ�ODV�FRQVHFXHQFLDVGH�TXH�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�VHUg�GLVFXWLEOH�VX�DXWHQWLFLGDG�\�HILFDFLD�SUREDWRULD�DOLJXDO�TXH�FRQ�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SnEOLFRV��UHFRUGHPRV�TXH�ODV�OH\HV�\�ODV�UHODFLRQHVFRPHUFLDOHV�VH�EDVDQ��HQ�OD�EXHQD�IH�\�DVi�VH�ORV�LPSRQH�HO�$UW��������&��&RP���\�ODILUPD�GH�GRFXPHQWRV�TXH�DFUHGLWHQ�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GH�UHODFLRQHV�FRPHUFLDOHV�HVFRQVHFXHQFLD�GH�HOOR��\�VL�KXELHVH�GLVFUHSDQFLD�HQ�WRUQR�D�VX�YDOLGH]��FRPR�KHPRVYLVWR��OD�OH\�GRWD�GH�ODV�KHUUDPLHQWDV�SDUD�SRGHU�FRQWURYHUWLUODV��HQ�WDO�VHQWLGR��HVFRPSOHWDPHQWH�YgOLGR�SDUWLFXODUPHQWH�SDUD�HO�FRPHUFLDQWH��FHOHEUDU�FRQWUDWRVPHQRV�VROHPQHV�VLHPSUH�\�FXDQGR�LQFRUSRUHQ�GDWRV�R�KHFKRV�FRQ�UHOHYDQFLD

Page 34: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

MXUiGLFD�FDSDFHV�GH�FDXVDU�FRQYLFFLlQ�HQ�HO�MX]JDGRU�

(O�DOFDQFH�GH�OD�FDUWD�RIHUWD�FRPRSUXHED � �GH �OD �H[LVWHQFLD �GH �ODUHODFLiQ �FRQWUDFWXDO� �YDOLGH] �GH&DUWD �2IHUWD �FRPR �SUXHED �GH �ODYLQFXODFLiQ �FRQWUDFWXDO� �DVSHFWRVXVWDQWLYR�(Q�HO�PLVPR�RUGHQ�GH�ORV�FRQFHSWRV�DQWHV�H[SXHVWRV��HV�FRVWXPEUH��TXH�PXFKRVGH �ORV �QHJRFLRV �KR\ �VH �SODVPDQ �HQ �GRFXPHQWRV �FDGD �YH] �PHQRV �IRUPDOHV�LQFOXVLYH�HV�SXMDQWH�HO�XVR�GH�OD�QXHYDV�WHFQRORJiDV��TXH�DFWXDOPHQWH�VH�XVDQ�SDUDGLYHUVDV �H[SUHVLRQHV �GH �KHFKRV �R �DFWRV �GRFXPHQWDGRV� �HQ �PHGLRV �GHDOPDFHQDPLHQWR� �FRPXQLFDFLlQ �HOHFWUlQLFD� �WDOHV �FRPR �FRUUHRV �HOHFWUlQLFRV�606��SgJLQDV�ZHE��OR�TXH�FRQVWLWX\H�XQD�QXHYD�IURQWHUD�TXH�H[LJH��DQWH�WRGR�SUHFLVDU�OD�QRFLlQ�GH�HVWRV�GRFXPHQWRV��TXH�GH�DOJXQD�PDQHUD�X�RWUD�KDFHQSRQGHUDU�OD�QHFHVLGDG�GH�UHIRUPXODU�HO�FRQFHSWR�GH�SUXHED�LQVWUXPHQWDO�H�LQFOXVROD�GRFXPHQWDO��SXHV�OD�SUREOHPgWLFD�GH�GLFKD�SUXHED�UDGLFDUg��HQ�OD�LQWHJULGDG�DXWHQWLFLGDG�\�OLFLWXG��VH�HVWDUg�SUHJXQWDQGR�HO�OHFWRU�SRU�TXh�VH�WUDH�D�FRODFLlQOR�DQWHULRU��\�HV�TXH�VL�QRV�SRQHPRV�D�SHQVDU�FlPR�HVWRV�PHGLRV�WHFQROlJLFRVHVWgQ�FDXVDQGR�UHYXHOR�HQ�ORV �HVWUDGRV�MXGLFLDOHV� �SRQLHQGR�HQ�HYLGHQFLD�ORVDOFDQFHV �\ �WhUPLQRV �HQ �ORV �TXH �VH �KD �GDGR �XQD �GHWHUPLQDGD �UHODFLlQ �HQWUHSDUWLFXODUHV�R�FRPHUFLDQWHV� �SRQH�HQ�HYLGHQFLD�TXH�XQD�QRWD�SRU�HVFULWR�FRQFRQGLFLRQHV�EgVLFDV�R�FRPSOHMDV�GH�XQD�UHODFLlQ�FRPHUFLDO�GHWHUPLQDGD�HQWUH�GRVSDUWHV��FRQ�WRGD�UD]lQ�WHQGUg�XQ�FODUR�YDORU�SUREDWRULR�TXH�XQH�D�ODV�SDUWHV�TXHOD�VXVFULEHQ�

3DUWDPRV�GHO�$UW������&��&RP��TXH�HVWDEOHFH�TXH��ODV�REOLJDFLRQHV�\�VX�H[WLQFLlQSXHGH �SUREDUVH �HQWUH �RWURV �PHGLRV �SRU� �LQVWUXPHQWRV �SnEOLFRV� �DXWhQWLFRV �\SULYDGRV� �)DFWXUDV� �&RUUHVSRQGHQFLD �SRVWDO� � �&RUUHVSRQGHQFLD �WHOHJUgILFDUHFRQRFLGD� �HQWUH �RWURV� �GH �WDO �VXHUWH �TXH �HQ �XQ �SULPHU �PRPHQWR �SRGHPRVDILUPDU�TXH�FXDOTXLHU�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�HV�nWLO�SDUD�SUREDU�FXDOTXLHU�UHODFLlQ

Page 35: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

FRPHUFLDO�VLHPSUH�\�FXDQGR�FRQWHQJD�HQ�HOOD�DFWRV�GH�YROXQWDG�GH�ODV�SDUWHVLQFOXVLYH�ORV�XQLODWHUDOHV� �DKRUD�ELHQ� �HQ�GHUHFKR�FRPHUFLDO �H[LVWH�XQD�ILJXUDMXUiGLFD�GHQRPLQDGD�RIHUWD�R�SURSXHVWD��OR�FXDO�QR�HV�PgV�TXH�XQ�SODQ�GH�ODUHDOL]DFLlQ�GH�XQ�QHJRFLR�MXUiGLFR�TXH�XQD�SHUVRQD�OH�SURSRQH�D�RWUD��HV�GHFLU�TXH�HQ�SUHVHQFLD�GH�XQD�RIHUWD�R�SURSXHVWD�HVWDPRV�IUHQWH�D�XQ�SURSlVLWR�GHUHDOL]DU �XQ �QHJRFLR �MXUiGLFR� �HVWg �UHJXODGD �HQ �QXHVWUR �RUGHQDPLHQWR �MXUiGLFRSDUWLFXODUPHQWH�HQ�ORV�DUWiFXORV�����\�VLJXLHQWHV�&�&RP��HQWHQGLhQGRVH�TXH�VHSXHGHQ�FHOHEUDU�FRQWUDWRV�SRU�PHGLR�GH�FRUUHVSRQGHQFLD�\�TXH�WDO�FRPR�OD�QRUPDSUHVFULEH�VH�SHUIHFFLRQDQ�FRQ�OD�DFHSWDFLlQ�GH�OR�TXH�VH�KD\D�RIUHFLGR��\�HQ�FDVRGH�PRGLILFDFLRQHV�GHO�RIHUWDGR�VH�SHUIHFFLRQDUg�KDVWD�TXH�VH�DFHSWHQ�ODV�PLVPDV�LQFOXVLYH �ODV �QRUPDV �DWLQHQWHV �SUHYhQ �TXH �ODV �UHODFLRQHV �FRQWUDFWXDOHV �VHSHUIHFFLRQDQ�SRU�RWURV�PHGLRV�WHFQROlJLFRV�WDOHV�FRPR�HO�WHOHJUgILFR�\�PHGLDQWHUDGLR�R�WHOhIRQR��HVWRV�GRV�nOWLPRV�FDVRV�VHUg�LQKHUHQWH�OD�LQWHUYHQFLlQ�SHUVRQDOGH�ODV�SDUWHV��VXV�UHSUHVHQWDQWHV�R�PDQGDWDULRV��\�DVi�OR�HVWDEOHFH�HO�$UW������&�&RP�� �GH �WDO �PDQHUD �SRGHPRV �FRQFOXLU �TXH �HO �FRQWUDWDU �SRU �PHGLR �GH �XQGRFXPHQWR�PHQRV�VROHPQH�LQFOXVLYH�SRU�PHGLR�GH�XQD�FDUWD�RIHUWD�GHELGDPHQWHDFHSWDGD��QR�VROR�HV�YLQFXODQWH�SDUD�ODV�SDUWHV��VLQR�WDPELhQ��HV�SRU�SULQFLSLR�GHOHJDOLGDG�XQD�GH�ODV�PRGDOLGDGHV�SUHYLVWDV�HQ�OD�OH\�SDUD�KDFHUOR�YLDEOH�\�TXH�VHDSDWHQWH �HQWUH �ODV �SDUWHV �\ �TXH�KDJD�IH �HQ �XQ�SURFHVR �MXGLFLDO� �\ �FRQVLGHUR�SDUWLFXODUPHQWH��TXH�SRGUiD�HQWHQGHUVH�TXH�OD�FDUWD�RIHUWD�VH�FRQILJXUD�FRPRGRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�IHKDFLHQWH��YHDPRV�HVWR�GHVGH�OD�lSWLFD�SURFHVDO�

(IHFWRV �HQ �MXLFLR� �SURSRVLFLiQ �\YDORUDFLiQ �GH �GRFXPHQWRVSULYDGRV �\ �SDUWLFXODUPHQWH �ODRIHUWD �GH �VHUYLFLRV� �$VSHFWRDGMHWLYR�(O �DSDUWDGR�DQWHULRU �DERUGDPRV�OD �GLPHQVLlQ�VXVWDQWLYD�TXH�SXHGH�WHQHU �XQGRFXPHQWR�PHQRV�VROHPQH��SDUD�GRFXPHQWDU�REOLJDFLRQHV�HQWUH�FRPHUFLDQWHV�UHVWD �DFRWDU �OD �UHOHYDQFLD �MXUiGLFD �SURFHVDO �TXH �SXHGH �WHQHU �HVD �IRUPD �GHFRQWUDWDU��\�SDUWLPRV�GH�OD�SUHPLVD�GHO�FRQFHSWR�GH�SUXHED�GRFXPHQWDO�HQ�HO

Page 36: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

FlGLJR�DQWHV�FLWDGD��UHVSHFWR�TXH�OD�SUXHED�DILUPDQGR�TXH�VRQ�DTXHOORV�FX\DDXWRUiD�HV�DWULEXLGD�D�ORV�SDUWLFXODUHV��EDMR�HVD�SUHPLVD�VLQ�PD\RU�DKRQGDPLHQWRVH�ORJUD�GHWHUPLQDU�TXH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�HQ�SULQFLSLR�FRQWLHQHQ�HQ�Vi�KHFKRV�TXHVRQ�VXVFHSWLEOHV�GH� �LPSXJQDU�SHUR�PLHQWUDV�HVWR�QR�VH�KDJD��HO �GRFXPHQWRSULYDGR �WLHQH �YDOLGH]� �DFHUFD �GHO �FRQWHQLGR �GHO �PLVPR �\D �VHDQ �REOLJDFLRQHVELODWHUDOHV� �XQLODWHUDOHV �R �H[SUHVLRQHV �GH �FRQVHQWLPLHQWRV �GH �VLWXDFLRQHV �GHUHOHYDQFLD�MXUiGLFD�

(Q�HO �gPELWR �SUREDWRULR �ORV �GRFXPHQWRV �SULYDGRV�KDFHQ�SOHQD�SUXHED�GH�VXFRQWHQLGR �\ �RWRUJDQWHV� �DXQ �VL �HVWRV �QR �HVWgQ �UHYHVWLGRV �GH �VROHPQLGDG� �ODVHFXHQFLD�SUgFWLFD�TXH�WHQGUiDQ�HQ�XQ�SURFHVR�MXGLFLDO�HV�TXH�VX�SUHVHQWDFLlQGHEH�KDFHUVH�FRQ�OD�GHPDQGD��OXHJR�VX�DGPLVLELOLGDG�HVWDUiD�VXSHGLWDGD��D�ODYLQFXODFLlQ �TXH �JXDUGH �FRQ �hO �FRQ �HO �REMHWR �SURFHVDO� �FRQ �UHVSHFWR �D �VXYDORUDFLlQ��HQ�SULQFLSLR�OD�OH\�SURFHVDO�FLYLO�\�PHUFDQWLO��SUHYh�TXH�GRFXPHQWRVFRPR�hVWH��KDJDQ�SOHQD�SUXHED�GH�VX�FRQWHQLGR�\�RWRUJDQWHV�VLHPSUH�FXDQGR�QRVHD�LPSXJQDGR��SDUWLFXODUPHQWH�VL�HVWR�nOWLPR�VXFHGH��\�VH�ORJUD�DFUHGLWDU�ODIDOHQFLD�DWULEXLGD�DO�GRFXPHQWR��SXHV�QDWXUDOPHQWH�HO�GRFXPHQWR�QR�VHUYLUg�SDUDSUREDU�HO�ILQ�SURSXHVWR��SHUR�VL�GH�OR�FRQWUDULR��QR�VH�ORJUD�DFUHGLWDU�ODV�UD]RQHVSRU�ODV�FXDOHV�VH�LPSXJQD��QXHVWUD�OHJLVODFLlQ�SUHYh�TXH�HO�YDORU�SUREDWRULR�VHUgDWULEXLGR�GH�FRQIRUPLGDG�D�ODV�UHJODV�GH�OD�VDQD�FUiWLFD��HQ�HVWH�SXQWR�YDOH�KDFHUQRWDU�TXH�D�SHVDU�TXH�\D�QR�KDUg�SOHQD�SUXHED�DXWRPgWLFDPHQWH��ODV�UHJODV�GH�ODOlJLFD��SVLFRORJiD�\�OD�UD]lQ��TXH�HV�OR�TXH�QXWUH�DO�VLVWHPD�GH�YDORUDFLlQ�GH�ODVDQD�FUiWLFD��LQHYLWDEOHPHQWH�OOHYDUg�DO�-X]JDGRU�D�DWULEXLUOH�XQ�YDORU�SUREDWRULRHTXLYDOHQWH�DO�GH�SOHQD�SUXHED�

)DFWLEOH�VH�YXHOYH�FRQFOXLU��TXH�ODV�VROHPQLGDGHV�QR�VRQ�XQ�UHTXLVLWR�IXQGDPHQWDOSDUD�TXH�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR�ORJUH�FDXVDU�FRQYLFFLlQ�HQ�XQ�SURFHVR�MXGLFLDO�DO-XH]��SXHV�FRPR�KHPRV�YLVWR�GHSHQGH�GH�OD�SRVLFLlQ�GH�OD�FRQWUDULD�UHVSHFWR�D�ODFRQIHFFLlQ�GH�GLFKR�GRFXPHQWR��HV�GHFLU�VL�VH�WLHQH�OD�FHUWH]D�TXH�HVH�GRFXPHQWRKD�VLGR�VXVFULWR�SRU�TXLHQHV�DSDUHFHQ�HQ�HO�PLVPR��QR�H[LVWLUiD�REVWgFXOR�SDUDTXH�HO�PLVPR�KDJD�IH�HQ�XQ�SURFHVR�

/D�RIHUWD�GH�VHUYLFLRV�HQ�IRUPDWR�GH�QRWD�R�FDUWD��HQ�VX�QDWXUDOH]D�FRQVWLWX\H�XQGRFXPHQWR �SULYDGR� �SHUR �TXH �HV �YgOLGD �SDUD �DFUHGLWDU �OD �H[LVWHQFLD �GH �XQDUHODFLlQ �FRPHUFLDO �VL �OD �PLVPD�HV �ILUPDGD�SRU �ORV �TXH �SUHVWDQ �\ �UHFLEHQ�HOSURGXFWR�R�VHUYLFLR��HQ�WDO�VHQWLGR�HV�GH�UHOHYDQFLD�MXUiGLFD��\�HV�VXVFHSWLEOH�GHFDXVDU �FRQYLFFLlQ �VLHPSUH �\ �FXDQGR �GH �VX �FRQWHQLGR �VH �SXHGDQ �H[WUDHU �ORVH[WUHPRV�HVHQFLDOHV�GHO�FXDO�VH�ORJUH�GHYHODU�DOJXQD�REOLJDFLlQ�FRQWUDFWXDO��HV

Page 37: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

GHFLU�TXH�OD�IRUPD�GH�UHGDFFLlQ�HV�HVHQFLDO�

&DVRV�MXULVSUXGHQFLDOHV�

&RQFHSFLiQ�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�IHKDFLHQWHV�2SLQLiQ�QR�GHILQLWLYD�

$3(/$&,f1�5()�������b&0����$�(-(&87,92�

&$k0$5$ �6(*81'$ �'( �/2 �&,9,/ �'( �/$ �35,0(5$6(&&,2k1 �'(/ �&(1752

6DQ�6DOYDGRU��D�ODV�QXHYH�KRUDV�\�WUHLQWD�PLQXWRV�GHO�GLkDYHLQWLXQR�GH�QRYLHPEUH�GH�GRV�PLO�RQFH�rt/DV �VXVFULWDV �0DJLVWUDGDV �SURFHGHUDpQ �D �GLFWDU �VHQWHQFLD �GH �OD �PDQHUDSUHVFULWD�HQ�HO�$UW������LQF���b�GHO�&3&0���DVLp��(O�DSHODQWH�FRQVLGHUD�TXH�HO�-XH]�$TXR�KD�KHFKR�XQD�HUURpQHD�LQWHUSUHWDFLRpQ�GHO�$UW�����GH�OD�/H\�GH�1RWDULDGR��DOFRQVLGHUDU�TXH�HO�GRFXPHQWR�DXWHQWLFDGR�SRU�QRWDULR��SUHVHQWDGR�FRPR�EDVH�GH�ODSUHWHQVLRpQ�FDUHFH�GH�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD�SRU�IDOWD�GH�DOJXQDV�FODpXVXODV�HVHQFLDOHV�HQOD�DXWHpQWLFD�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�GH�PXWXR�FRQ�HO�FXDO�UHFODPD�OD�HMHFXWLYLGDG�GHOFUHpGLWR �YHQFLGR ��/DV �VXVFULWDV �DGYLHUWHQ �TXH �HO �$UW� ���� �1R� �� �GHO �&3&0�HVWDEOHFH�TXH�VRQ�WLpWXORV�HMHFXWLYRV�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�IHKDFLHQWHV��HV�GHFLUDTXHOORV�GRFXPHQWRV�TXH�ODV�SHUVRQDV�ORV�KDQ�SUHVHQWDGR�DQWH�QRWDULR�SDUD�TXHORV �DXWHQWLTXHQ��6HJXpQ �HO �PDHVWUR �&DEDQHOODV� �GRFXPHQWR �DXWHQWLFR �HV �HODXWRUL]DGR�HQ�IRUPD�WDO �TXH�GH�IH�\ �KD\D�GH�VHU�FUHLpGR� �SRU�H[WHQGLGR�DQWHIHGDWDULR�SXpEOLFR�R�SRU�HVWDU�OHJDOL]DGR�SRU�DXWRULGDG�FRPSHWHQWH��(O�$UW����GH�/D/H\�GH�1RWDULDGR�HVWDEOHFH�TXH�FXDOTXLHU�SHUVRQD�SRGUDp�FRPSDUHFHU�DQWH�QRWDULRSDUD�GDU�YDORU�GH�LQVWUXPHQWR�SXpEOLFR�D�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�GH�REOLJDFLRpQTXH�KXELHUH�RWRUJDGR��HV�GHFLU�TXH�HO�IHGDWDULR�HQ�QXHVWUR�FDVR�HV�HO�QRWDULR��SRUOR�TXH�OD�OHJLVODFLRpQ�KD�HVWDEOHFLGR�TXH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�UHFRQRFLGRVKDUDpQ�IH�\�FXDQGR�IXHUHQ�GRFXPHQWRV�GH�REOLJDFLRpQ�WHQGUDpQ�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD�7DPELHpQ�HV�LPSRUWDQWH�DFRWDU�TXH�HO�QRWDULR�HMHUFH�XQD�IXQFLRpQ�SXpEOLFD�\�HV�SOHQDUHVSHFWR�D�ORV�KHFKRV�TXH��HQ�ODV�DFWXDFLRQHV�QRWDULDOHV��SHUVRQDOPHQWH�HMHFXWD�RFRPSUXHED��HVD�IH�VHUDp �SOHQD��WRFDQWH�DO�KHFKR�GH�KDEHU�VLGR�RWRUJDGR�HQ�ODIRUPD� �OXJDU �GLpD �\ �KRUD �TXH �HQ �HO �LQVWUXPHQWR �VH �H[SUHVD� �HV �GHFLU �TXH �OD

Page 38: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

DXWHpQWLFD�GHO�QRWDULR�HV�OD�TXH�GHOLPLWDUDp�VREUH�TXHp�KHFKRV�HO�QRWDULR�GD�IH�HQ�VXDXWHpQWLFD��'H�OR�DQWHULRU�VH�GHGXFH�TXH�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�DXWHQWLFDGR�WHQGUDp�SOHQD�IHVREUH�ORV�KHFKRV�UHODFLRQDGRV�HQ�OD�IH�QRWDULDO�\�VL�HO�GRFXPHQWR�HV�GH�REOLJDFLRpQ�WHQGUDp�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD�UHVSHFWR�GH�ORV�KHFKRV�GH�ORV�FXDOHV�GD�IH�HO�QRWDULR��/DVVXVFULWDV �QR �FRPSDUWHQ �HO �FULWHULR �GHO �MXH] �$ �TXR� �TXH �SRU �IDOWDUOH �DOJXQDVFODpXVXODV �HVHQFLDOHV �GHO �FRQWUDWR �GH �PXWXR �FHOHEUDGR �HQWUH �ODV �SDUWHV �HOGRFXPHQWR �GHMD �GH �WHQHU �IXHU]D �HMHFXWLYD� �\D �TXH �KHPRV �GHMDGR �H[SXHVWR �\QXHVWUD�OHJLVODFLRpQ�DVLp�OR�FRQVLGHUD��VL�HO�GRFXPHQWR�HV�DXWHQWLFDGR�\�VH�WUDWD�GHXQ�GRFXPHQWR�GH�REOLJDFLRpQ�WLHQH�DSDUHMDGD�HMHFXFLRpQ��3RU�WDQWR�OR�DVHYHUDGR�SRUHO�-XH]�LQIHULRU�HQ�JUDGR��UHVSHFWR�GH�TXH�DO�IDOWDUOH�GLFKDV�FODpXVXODV�HVHQFLDOHV�OD�DXWHpQWLFD�QR�WLHQH�YDOLGH]�\�SRU�HOOR�QR�HV�XQ�WLpWXOR�KDELOLWDQWH�SDUD�SURPRYHU�ODHMHFXWLYLGDG��QR�HV�FRPSDUWLGR�SRU�HVWH�WULEXQDO��HQ�UD]RpQ�GH�TXH�HO�$UW�����GH�OD/H\�GH�1RWDULDGR��OR�TXH�HVWDEOHFH�HV�HO�SURFHGLPLHQWR�\�QR�HVWDEOHFH�OD�VDQFLRpQ�DOD�TXH�KDFH�UHIHUHQFLD�HO�-XH]�&XDUWR�&LYLO�\�0HUFDQWLO��\D�TXH�GHILQLWLYDPHQWHHVWDPRV�IUHQWH�D�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�DXWHQWLFDGR�\�SRU�HO�KHFKR�GH�VHU�XQ�GRFXPHQWRGH�REOLJDFLRpQ��OD�DXWHpQWLFR�WLHQH�IXHU]D�HMHFXWLYD��UHVSHFWR�GH�OR�TXH�HO�QRWDULRRWRUJD�IH�SXpEOLFD��\D�TXH�GH�WRGR�DTXHOOR�HVHQFLDO�TXH�HO�QRWDULR�QR�GLR�IH��QRSRGUDp�UHFODPDUVH�HMHFXWLYDPHQWH��H[FHSWR�GH�DTXHOODV�FODpXVXODV�TXH�QR�REVWDQWHVRQ�HVHQFLDOHV�SDUD�HO�FRQWUDWR�HQ�UHIHUHQFLD��SXHGHQ�VHU�VXSOLGDV�SRU�OD�OH\�FRPR�VHULpD�HO�OXJDU�GH�SDJR�GH�OD�REOLJDFLRpQ�HQ�HO�SUHVHQWH�FDVR�

9DORU�SUREDWRULR�GH�GRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV

���'0����$8725,=$&,f1�'(�'(63,'2�

&$k0$5$ �7(5&(5$ �'( �/2 �&,9,/ �'( �/$ �35,0(5$6(&&,2k1 �'(/ �&(1752�

6DQ�6DOYDGRU��D�ODV�RFKR�KRUDV�WUHLQWD�PLQXWRV�GHO�WUHFH�GHPDU]R�GH�GRV�PLO�FDWRUFH�'( �/$ �358(%$ �$3257$'$ �< �68 �9$/25$&,2p1 ���� �,167580(17$/ �2'2&80(17$/

(Q�UHODFLRpQ�D�HVWH�WLSR�GH�SUXHED�WHQHPRV�TXH�H[LVWH�XQD�FODVLILFDFLRpQ�ELSDUWLWDGH�ORV�PLVPRV��VHJXpQ�QXHVWUR�&RpGLJR�3URFHVDO�&LYLO�\�0HUFDQWLO��VH�GLYLGHQ�HQSXpEOLFRV �\ �SULYDGRV� �VHJXpQ �VHD �HO �FDUDpFWHU �GH �ODV �SHUVRQDV �TXH�OH �FRQILHUHQ

Page 39: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

FHUWH]D� �HQ�HO �FDVR�GH�DXWRV�OD �SUXHED�LQVWUXPHQWDO �SUHVHQWDGD�WDQWR�SRU�HOGHPDQGDQWH�FRPR�SRU�HO�WUDEDMDGRU��FRQVLVWH�HQ�GRFXPHQWRV�SXpEOLFRV�\�SULYDGRV�SRU�OR�TXH�VH�WRUQD�SHUWLQHQWH�DQDOL]DU�ORV�PLVPRV��\�DO�UHVSHFWR��WHQHPRV�TXH�ORVSULPHURV� �VRQ �DTXHpOORV �H[SHGLGRV �SRU �QRWDULR �\ �SRU �DXWRULGDG �R �IXQFLRQDULRSXpEOLFR�HQ�HO�HMHUFLFLR�GH�VXV�IXQFLRQHV��$UW������&3&0��\�ORV�VHJXQGRV��DTXHOORVUHDOL]DGRV�SRU�ORV�SDUWLFXODUHV��$UW������&3&0��ORV�TXH�SXHGHQ�KDFHUVH�YDOHUFRPR�SUXHED�HQ�HO�SURFHVR�\�FX\D�YDORUDFLRpQ�GHEH�UHDOL]DUVH�HQ�VX�FRQMXQWR�FRQRWURV�PHGLRV�GH�SUXHED��FRQIRUPH�D�ODV�UHJODV�GH�OD�VDQD�FULpWLFD��GH�FRQIRUPLGDGFRQ�HO�LQFLVR��b�GHO�$UW������&3&0��QR�REVWDQWH�OR�GLVSXHVWR�HQ�HO�LQFLVR��b�GH�ODPLVPD �GLVSRVLFLRpQ� �GDGD �OD �QDWXUDOH]D �GHO �SUHVHQWH �SURFHVR� �\D �TXH �SDUDHVWDEOHFHU�XQD�FDXVDO�GH�GHVWLWXFLRpQ�R�GHVSLGR�HV�QHFHVDULR�KDFHU�OD�YDORUDFLRpQFRQIRUPH�D�ODV�UHJODV�GH�OD�VDQD�FULpWLFD�WDO�FRPR�OR�HVWLSXOD�OD�/H\�(VSHFLDO�

9DORU�SUREDWRULR�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRV�FRPR�WDVDGRV�FULWHULR�YLJHQWH�D�SHVDU�GH�VHU�GH�QRUPDWLYD�YLHMD�

&$6$&,f1�������&$&������������1250$7,9$�9,(-$�

6$/$�'(�/2�&,9,/�'(�/$�&257(�6835(0$�'(�-867,&,$�

6DQ�6DOYDGRU��D�ODV�GLH]�KRUDV�\�WUHLQWD�PLQXWRV�GHO�QXHYHGH�PDU]R�GH�GRV�PLO�RQFH�3XHV�ELHQ��DQDOL]DGD�OD�SUXHED�DQWHV�UHODFLRQDGD�VH�DGYLHUWH�OD�UHOHYDQFLD�TXHFREUD�HO �H[DPHQ�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�TXH�FRUUH�DJUHJDGR�D�IV� �����GRQGH�VH�KDFHFRQVWDU�TXH�VH�KD�FDQFHODGR�HO�VDOGR�H[LVWHQWH�DO�YHLQWLVhLV�GH�PD\R�GH�GRV�PLOXQR� �D �FDUJR �GH �OD �VHjRUD �(OYLD �&RQFHSFLlQ �+HUUHUD �GH �+HUQgQGH]� �'LFKRGRFXPHQWR�FRQILJXUD�XQ�FRPSUREDQWH�GH�SDJR�VXVFULWR�SRU�OD�DFUHHGRUD�GH�GLFKDREOLJDFLlQ��VHjRUD�1RKHP\�(Oi]DEHWK�5DPRV�GH�2UWL]�HO�FXDO�SRU�VX�FDOLGDG�GHGRFXPHQWR�SULYDGR��H[LJH�VX�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�SRU�TXLHQ�WLHQH�GHUHFKR�D�RSRQHUVHR�UHGDUJoLUOR�GH�IDOVR��\D�TXH�SRU�VX�SURSLD�QDWXUDOH]D�FDUHFH�GH�ORV�HOHPHQWRV�GHORV�LQVWUXPHQWRV�SnEOLFRV��SHUR��VL�GLFKR�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�QR�VH�KDFH�HQ�IRUPDYROXQWDULD��OD�OH\�GHWHUPLQD�FXgQGR�VH�WHQGUg�SRU�UHFRQRFLGR�GH�rSOHQR�GHUHFKRsHV�GHFLU��FXDQGR�WHQLHQGR�OD�RSRUWXQLGDG�SDUD�LPSXJQDU�VX�DXWHQWLFLGDG��QR�VHKDFH�SRU�TXLHQ�WLHQH�GHUHFKR�D�KDFHUOR��WRGR�OR�DQWHULRU�GH�FRQIRUPLGDG�D�ORVGLVSXHVWR�HQ�ORV�$UWV�������\������&���HQ�UHODFLlQ�D�ORV�$UWV�����\�����2UG���b3U�&�

Page 40: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

7DO�FRPR�FRQVWD�HQ�HO�SUHVHQWH�FDVR��OD�SDUWH�GHPDQGDGD�HQ�QLQJnQ�PRPHQWRLPSXJQl�OD�DXWHQWLFLGDG�GHO�FRPSUREDQWH�GH�SDJR�TXH�FRUUH�D�IV������nQLFDPHQWHVH�OLPLWl�D�FRQWHVWDU�OD�GHPDQGD�HQ�VHQWLGR�QHJDWLYR�\�SRVWHULRUPHQWH��GH�ORPDQLIHVWDGR�SRU�XQR�GH�ORV�GHPDQGDQWHV�HQ�OD�DEVROXFLlQ�GH�SRVLFLRQHV�WUDWD�GHGHGXFLU�R�GHPRVWUDU�KHFKRV�TXH�QXQFD�IXHURQ�LQYRFDGRV�D�WUDYhV�GH�ODV�GHIHQVDV\�H[FHSFLRQHV�FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV��(O�GRFXPHQWR�DOXGLGR�MDPgV�IXH�UHGDUJoLGR�GHIDOVR�\�DO�QR�KDEHUVH�KHFKR��OD�OH\�OR�GD�SRU�UHFRQRFLGR��HV�XQD�SUHVXQFLlQ�TXH�ODPLVPD �OH\ �HVWDEOHFH� �QR �HUD �QHFHVDULR �TXH �OD �SDUWH �DFWRUD �GHPRVWUDUD �VXDXWHQWLFLGDG� �hVWD �VH �SUHVXPH �FRPR �\D �KD �TXHGDGR �VXEUD\DGR �HQ �SgUUDIRVDQWHULRUHV�

&216,'(5$&,21(6�62%5(�(/ �9$/25�3/(12�'(/26�'2&80(1726�35,9$'26�3$57,&8/$50(17(/$6�)$&785$6�

����&0����$�$3(/$&,f1&$k0$5$�6(*81'$�'(�/2�&,9,/�'(�/$�35,0(5$�6(&&,21�'(/�&(1752

6DQ�6DOYDGRU��D�ODV�GRFH�KRUDV�GHO�WUHV�GH�VHSWLHPEUH�GHGRV�PLO�GRFH����� �(O �&RpGLJR �GH �&RPHUFLR �HVWDEOHFH �HQ �HO �DUW� ���� �TXH �ODV �REOLJDFLRQHVPHUFDQWLOHV�VH�SUXHEDQ�\�H[WLQJXHQ�HQWUH�RWURV�PHGLRV�SRU�IDFWXUDV��VLQ�HPEDUJR�QL�HQ�HO�FRPSUREDQWH�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDO��QL�HQ�OD�QRWD�GH�DERQR��SUHVHQWDGRV�FRPRGRFXPHQWRV�EDVH��FRQVWD�DOJXpQ�WLSR�GH�DFHSWDFLRpQ�R�UHFRQRFLPLHQWR�GH�SDUWH�GHOD�VRFLHGDG�GHPDQGDGD�HQ�UHODFLRpQ�D�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GHO�VXSXHVWR�FUHpGLWR�TXH�ODVRFLHGDG�GHPDQGDQWH��SUHWHQGH�VH�GHFODUH�YLpD�MXGLFLDO�

����� �3RU �VX �SDUWH �HO �DUW� ���� �GHO �&RpGLJR �7ULEXWDULR� �HVWDEOHFH �TXH �ORVFRQWULEX\HQWHV �HVWDpQ �REOLJDGRV �D �HPLWLU �SRU �ODV �WUDQVDFFLRQHV �TXH �UHDOLFHQFRPSUREDQWHV�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDO��R�IDFWXUD�GHSHQGLHQGR�GH�VL�OD�WUDQVDFFLRpQ�VHUHDOL]D�FRQ�XQ�FRQWULEX\HQWH�R�QR��HV�GHFLU��TXH�HO�FRPSUREDQWH�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDOHV�XQ�GRFXPHQWR�TXH�FRPSUXHED�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GH�XQ�GHWHUPLQDGR�QHJRFLR�VXMHWRDO�LPSXHVWR�GHO�,9$��VLQ�TXH�HVWR�LPSOLTXH�TXH�HO�VHUYLFLR�R�SURGXFWR�KD\D�VLGRHQWUHJDGR�DO�FUHpGLWR�R�DO�FRQWDGR�

������(Q�HVH�VHQWLGR��QR�EDVWD�OOHQDU�XQ�IRUPXODULR�GH�FUHpGLWR�ILVFDO�R�QRWD�GH

Page 41: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

DERQR�FRQ�HO�QRPEUH�GH�XQD�SHUVRQD�QDWXUDO�R�MXULpGLFD�SDUD�GHWHUPLQDU�TXH�HpVWDVH�REOLJRp�DO�SDJR�GH�OR�TXH�HQ�HO�GRFXPHQWR�VH�FRQVLJQD��SXHV�FRPR�\D�VH�GLMR�HOFRPSUREDQWH �GH �FUHpGLWR �ILVFDO �HVWDEOHFH �XpQLFDPHQWH �HO �KHFKR �JHQHUDGRU �GHOVHUYLFLR�R�YHQWD�UHDOL]DGR�\�HQ�OD�QRWD�GH�DERQR�QR�FRQVWD�TXH�HO�GHPDQGDGR�VHKD\D�REOLJDGR� �DFHSWDGR�R�UHFRQRFLGR�FRPR�VX\D�OD �GHXGD�VREUH�OD �FDQWLGDGUHVWDQWH�

����� �3RU �OR �H[SXHVWR� �VH �SXHGH �FRQFOXLU �TXH �HV �QHFHVDULR �SDUD �TXH �GLFKRVGRFXPHQWRV�HVWDEOHFLHUDQ��TXH�OD�WUDQVDFFLRpQ�VH�UHDOL]Rp �DO �FUHpGLWR�\�R�TXH�HOREOLJDGR�DFHSWR�SDJDU�OD�FDQWLGDG�UHVWDQWH�GHO�DERQR��TXH�HQ�HO�FRPSUREDQWH�GHFUHpGLWR�ILVFDO�\�QRWD�GH�DERQR��FRQVWDUD�TXH�HO�SURGXFWR�VH�GLR�DO�FUHpGLWR�\�OD�ILUPDGHO�UHSUHVHQWDQWH�GH�OD�VRFLHGDG�GHPDQGDGD��OR�FXDO�QR�RFXUUH�HQ�HO�FDVR�GHDXWRV�

����� �0RWLYRV �SRU �ORV �FXDOHV �HVWH �WULEXQDO �FRQFOX\H �TXH �D �SHVDU �GH �TXH �ORVGRFXPHQWRV �SUHVHQWDGRV �VH �FRQVLGHUDQ�YDOLGRV �\ �GH �FRQIRUPLGDG�DO �DUW� ����&3&0��KDFHQ�SOHQD�SUXHED�GH�VX�FRQWHQLGR��GHO�DQDpOLVLV�GH�ORV�PLVPRV�QR�VHSXHGH�HVWDEOHFHU�OD�H[LVWHQFLD�GH�XQ�FUHpGLWR�D�IDYRU�GH�OD�VRFLHGDG�GHPDQGDQWH�SRU�OR�WDQWR�D�FULWHULR�GH�HVWH�WULEXQDO��QR�H[LVWH�HUURU�HQ�OD�YDORUDFLRpQ�GH�ORVGRFXPHQWRV�SUHVHQWDGRV��DOHJDGR�SRU�OD�DSHODQWH�

9DORU�SUREDWRULR�GH�1RWDV�GH�UHPLVLiQ�

����&4&0����������������$SHODFLiQ

&d0$5$ �7(5&(5$ �'( �/2 �&,9,/ �'( �/$ �35,0(5$ �6(&&,f1 �'(/&(1752�

6DQ �6DOYDGRU� �D �ODV �FDWRUFH �KRUDV �YHLQWLFLQFR �PLQXWRV �GH �FDWRUFH �GHVHSWLHPEUH�GH�GRV�PLO�RQFH�

'(�/$�5(/$&,e1�&2175$&78$/�9(5%$/��D� �/D�SDUWH�DFWRUD�MXQWR�FRQ�VXGHPDQGD�SUHVHQWl�FLQFR�QRWDV�GH�HQYiR�HPLWLGDV�SRU�',60(/6$��6�$��'(�&�9���DQRPEUH �GH �GRjD �(9$ �/,/,$1 �3,17,1 �R �(9$ �/,/,$0 �3,17,1 �,5$+(7$�r9DULHGDGHV�(YLWDs�HQ�OD�GLUHFFLlQ�&DOOH�$UFH��QnPHUR������&RQGRPLQLR�*DPDOLHO�HQWUH�VhSWLPD�\�QRYHQD�DYHQLGD�QRUWH��GH�HVWD�FLXGDG��TXH�DPSDUDQ�HO�HQYiR�GHPHUFDGHUiD�GH�GLYHUVRV�WLSRV�GH�FDO]DGR��DJUHJDGDV�D�OD�SLH]D�SULQFLSDO�GH�IV�����D����WUHV�GH�IHFKD�QXHYH�GH�GLFLHPEUH�GH�GRV�PLO �RFKR�QnPHURV������SRU�ODFDQWLGDG�GH�WUHV�PLO�WUHLQWD�GlODUHV�GH�ORV�(VWDGRV�8QLGRV�GH�$PhULFD�������SRU

Page 42: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

YHLQWLQXHYH�PLO�WUHVFLHQWRV�VLHWH�GlODUHV�GH�ORV�(VWDGRV�8QLGRV�GH�$PhULFD�\�����SRU�FXDWUR�PLO�QRYHFLHQWRV�FXDUHQWD�\�FXDWUR�GlODUHV�GH�ORV�(VWDGRV�8QLGRV�GH$PhULFD��ILUPDGDV�GH�UHFLELGR�SRU�GRjD�0DUWD�$ODV��\�GRV�PgV�GH�IHFKD�GLHFLRFKRGH�HVH�PLVPR�PHV�\�DjR�QnPHURV������SRU�FLHQWR�RFKHQWD�GlODUHV�GH�ORV�(VWDGRV8QLGRV�GH�$PhULFD�\ ������SRU�FDWRUFH�PLO �VHLVFLHQWRV�FXDWUR�GlODUHV�GH�ORV(VWDGRV�8QLGRV�GH�$PhULFD��TXH�FRQWLHQHQ�OD�ILUPD�GH�GRQ�&DUORV�4XLQWDQLOOD�HQVHjDO�GH�UHFLELGR��E��/DV�QRWDV�GH�UHPLVLlQ�R�HQYiR�HQFXHQWUDQ�VX�UHJXODFLlQ�HQ�HODUWiFXOR�����GHO �&lGLJR�7ULEXWDULR�48(�(67$%/(&(��r6L �HO �&RPSUREDQWH�GH&UhGLWR�)LVFDO�QR�VH�HPLWH�DO�PRPHQWR�GH�HIHFWXDUVH�OD�HQWUHJD�UHDO�R�VLPElOLFDGH�ORV�ELHQHV�R�GH�UHPLWLUVH�hVWRV��ORV�FRQWULEX\HQWHV�GHEHUgQ�HPLWLU�\�HQWUHJDU�HQHVD �RSRUWXQLGDG �DO �DGTXLUHQWH �XQD �r1RWD �GH �5HPLVLlQs �TXH �DPSDUDUg �ODFLUFXODFLlQ�R�WUgQVLWR�GH�ORV�ELHQHV�\�PHUFDGHUiDV��(O�&RPSUREDQWH�GH�&UhGLWR)LVFDO�GHEHUg�HPLWLUVH�HQ�HO�PLVPR�SHUiRGR�WULEXWDULR�HQ�TXH�VH�HPLWD�OD�1RWD�GH5HPLVLlQ�UHVSHFWLYD��D�PgV�WDUGDU��GHQWUR�GH�ORV�WUHV�GiDV�VLJXLHQWHV�D�GLFKRSHUiRGR��\�GHELHQGR��DVLPLVPR��KDFHU�UHIHUHQFLD�D�OD�FRUUHVSRQGLHQWH�1RWD�GH5HPLVLlQ��(VWDV�QRWDV�GHEHQ�FXPSOLU�FRQ�ORV�UHTXLVLWRV�VHjDODGRV�HQ�OD�OHWUD�F��GHO$UWiFXOR�����GH�HVWH�&lGLJR��7DPELhQ�ORV�FRQWULEX\HQWHV�GHEHUgQ�HPLWLU�1RWDV�GH5HPLVLlQ �FXDQGR �HIHFWnHQ �HQYiRV �GH �ELHQHV �PXHEOHV �\ �PHUFDGHUiDV �HQFRQVLJQDFLlQ��R�WUDVODGRV�TXH�QR�FRQVWLWX\DQ�WUDQVIHUHQFLDV�s��VXEUD\DGR�QR�HVSURSLR�GHO�WH[WR���DO�UHVSHFWR�HO�OLWHUDO�F��GHO�DUWiFXOR�����GHO�&lGLJR�7ULEXWDULR',6321(��r/RV�GRFXPHQWRV�TXH�XWLOLFHQ�ORV�FRQWULEX\HQWHV�FXPSOLUgQ��HQ�WRGRFDVR��FRQ�ODV�VLJXLHQWHV�HVSHFLILFDFLRQHV�\�PHQFLRQHV��F��1RWDV�GH�UHPLVLlQ����/RV�PLVPRV�GDWRV�GH�ORV�QXPHUDOHV������������������������\�����GHO�OLWHUDO�D��GH�hVWHDUWiFXOR�����'HVFULSFLlQ�GH�ORV�ELHQHV�\�VHUYLFLRV�HVSHFLILFDQGR�ODV�FDUDFWHUiVWLFDVTXH �SHUPLWDQ �LQGLYLGXDOL]DU �H �LGHQWLILFDU �SOHQDPHQWH �WDQWR �HO �ELHQ �FRPR �HOVHUYLFLR�FRPSUHQGLGR�HQ�OD�RSHUDFLlQ��HO�SUHFLR�XQLWDULR�\�FDQWLGDG�GH�ORV�ELHQHVTXH�VH�HQWUHJDQ�����1nPHUR�\�IHFKD�GHO�&RPSUREDQWH�GH�&UhGLWR�)LVFDO�FXDQGR�VHKXELHUH�HPLWLGR�SUHYLDPHQWH�����7iWXOR�D�TXH�VH�UHPLWHQ�ORV�ELHQHV��GHSlVLWR�SURSLHGDG��FRQVLJQDFLlQ�X�RWURV��\�����)LUPD�\�VHOOR�GHO�HPLVRU�s���VXEUD\DGR�HVQXHVWUR���HV�GHFLU��TXH�ODV�QRWDV�GH�UHPLVLlQ�VRQ�GRFXPHQWRV�PHUFDQWLOHV�FX\DIXQFLlQ�SULQFLSDO�HV�UHIOHMDU�OD�LQIRUPDFLlQ�GH�OD�HQWUHJD�GH�FLHUWD�FDQWLGDG�GHPHUFDGHUiD� �(Q �HOODV �DSDUHFHQ �ORV �GDWRV �GH �OD �SHUVRQD �TXH �OD �HPLWH �\ �GHOGHVWLQDWDULR��OD�LQGLYLGXDOL]DFLlQ�H�LGHQWLILFDFLlQ�GH�ORV�ELHQHV�TXH�VH�HQWUHJDQ�RVHUYLFLRV �TXH �VH �SUHVWDQ �\ �HO �SUHFLR �GH �ORV �PLVPRV� �ODV �FXDOHV �FRQVWLWX\HQGRFXPHQWRV�SULYDGRV�DGPLVLEOHV�FRPR�SUXHED�GH�ODV�REOLJDFLRQHV�HQ�PDWHULDPHUFDQWLO �GH�FRQIRUPLGDG�DO �DUWiFXOR�����URPDQR�, �&� �&RP��TXH�5(=$��r/DVREOLJDFLRQHV�PHUFDQWLOHV�\�VX�H[WLQFLlQ�VH�SUXHEDQ�SRU�ORV�PHGLRV�VLJXLHQWHV��,�

Page 43: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

,QVWUXPHQWRV�SnEOLFRV��DXWhQWLFRV�\�SULYDGRV�s��HOOR�HQ�YLVWD�GH�TXH�VRQ�ORV�PgVXWLOL]DGRV�SRU �ORV �FRPHUFLDQWHV �SRU �OD �DJLOLGDG�GH�VX�DFWLYLGDG�\ �HQ�EDVH�DOSULQFLSLR�GH�OLEHUWDG�GH�FRQWUDWDFLlQ��ORV�FXDOHV�SDUWHQ�GH�XQD�SUHVXQFLlQ�GHYHUDFLGDG �FX\D �DXWHQWLFLGDG �QR �IXH �LPSXJQDGD �HQ �HO �SURFHVR �SRU �OD �SDUWHGHPDQGDGD�\�SRU�WDQWR��KDFHQ�SOHQD�SUXHED�GH�FRQIRUPLGDG�DO�DUWiFXOR�����LQFLVR� �&3&0� �D �H[FHSFLlQ �GH �OD �QRWD �GH �HQYiR �LGHQWLILFDGD �FRQ �HO �QnPHUR �����SUHVHQWDGD�HQ�GXSOLFDGR�\�WULSOLFDGR�VLQ�ILUPD�FDOiJUDID��OD�FXDO�FDUHFH�GH�YDORUSUREDWRULR�DOJXQR�

9DORU�SUREDWRULR�GH�ODV�)RWRFRSLDV

��������

6DOD�GH�OR�&RQVWLWXFLRQDO�GH�OD�&RUWH�6XSUHPD�GH�-XVWLFLD�

6DQ�6DOYDGRU��D�ODV�GLH]�KRUDV�FRQ�YHLQWLFLQFR�PLQXWRV�GHOGLkD�XQR�GH�IHEUHUR�GH�GRV�PLO�GRFH�

6REUH�ODV�FRSLDV�VLPSOHV�SUHVHQWDGDV�SRU�HO�DFWRU��VL�ELHQ�HO�&�3U�&�0��QR��KDFH�UHIHUHQFLD�H[SUHVD�D�OD�DSUHFLDFLRpQ�GH�ODV�FRSLDV�GH�GRFXPHQWRVSXpEOLFRV�\�SULYDGRV��HOOR�QR�VLJQLILFD�TXH�HVWDV�QR�WHQJDQ�YDORU�SUREDWRULRGHQWUR�GH�XQ�SURFHVR��WRGD�YH]�TXH�ORV�PHGLRV�GH�SUXHED�QR�SUHYLVWRV�HQOD �OH\ �VRQ �DGPLVLEOHV �VLHPSUH �TXH �QR �DIHFWHQ �OD �PRUDO �R �OD �OLEHUWDGSHUVRQDO�GH�ODV�SDUWHV�R�GH�WHUFHURV��UHVXOWDQGR�DSOLFDEOHV�D�HOORV�ODVGLVSRVLFLRQHV�TXH�VH�UHILHUHQ�D�ORV�PHFDQLVPRV�UHJODGRV�qDUWLpFXOR����LQFLVR��b�GHO �&�3U�&�0�q� �(Q�HVH�RUGHQ� �ODV�UHJODV�GH�ORV�GRFXPHQWRVSXpEOLFRV �\ �SULYDGRV �UHVXOWDQ �DQDORpJLFDPHQWH �DSOLFDEOHV �D �VXV �FRSLDV�HVSHFLDOPHQWH�SRU�OD�SUHYLVLRpQ�FRQWHQLGD�HQ�HO�DUWLpFXOR�����GHO�&�3U�&�0��WRPDQGR�HQ�FRQVLGHUDFLRpQ�ODV�VLPLOLWXGHV�TXH�SUHVHQWDQ�WDOHV�GXSOLFDGRVFRQ�ODV�IRWRJUDILpDV�\�RWURV�PHGLRV�GH�UHSURGXFFLRpQ�GH�GDWRV�qDUWLpFXOR����GHO�&�3U�&�0�q�

(Q�UD]RpQ �GH �OR �DQWHULRU� �ODV �UHIHULGDV �FRSLDV �VHUDpQ �DGPLVLEOHV �GHQWUR �GH �XQSURFHVR�\�FRQVWLWXLUDpQ�SUXHED�IHKDFLHQWH�GH�OD�DXWHQWLFLGDG�GHO�GRFXPHQWR�TXHUHSURGXFHQ�VLHPSUH�\�FXDQGR�QR�KD\D�VLGR�DFUHGLWDGD�OD��IDOVHGDG�GH�HVWDV�R�GHOLQVWUXPHQWR�RULJLQDO��SXGLHQGR�YDORUDUVH�FRQIRUPH�D�ODV�UHJODV�GH�OD�VDQD�FULpWLFD�&RQVHFXHQWHPHQWH��PHGLDQWH�ODV�FRSLDV�SUHVHQWDGDV�VH�KD�DFUHGLWDGR�GH�PDQHUD

Page 44: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

IHKDFLHQWH�ODV�IXQFLRQHV�\�ODV�DFWLYLGDGHV�LQKHUHQWHV�DO�FDUJR�GH�DVHVRU�MXULpGLFRGLVWULWDO�GHO�PXQLFLSLR�GH�6DQ�6DOYDGRU

(O�HVWXGLDQWH�YLUWXDO

$XQTXH�OD�HGXFDFLlQ�9LUWXDO�HV�XQ�IHQlPHQR�UHFLHQWH��OD�HGXFDFLlQ�D�GLVWDQFLD�KDHVWDGR �YLJHQWH �GXUDQWH �VLJORV� �/RV �UDVJRV �\ �FXDOLGDGHV �GH �ORV �HVWXGLDQWHV9LUWXDOHV �GH �KR\ �HQ �GiD �VLJXHQ �ORV �SDWURQHV �GH �ORV �SULPHURV �HVWXGLDQWHV �DGLVWDQFLD��&RQ�HO�PLVPR�HVSiULWX�LQGHSHQGLHQWH�\�DXWR�PRWLYDGR�GH�ORV�DQWLJXRVHVWXGLDQWHV �SRU �FRUUHVSRQGHQFLD� �DGRSWDQ �ODV �QXHYDV �WHFQRORJiDV �SDUD �VXSURYHFKR�SHUVRQDO��FUHDQGR�XQD�QXHYD�FRVHFKD�GH�SURIHVLRQDOHV�DXWlQRPRV�HQ�VXGHVDUUROOR��(Q�JHQHUDO�SRVHHQ�ODV�VLJXLHQWHV�FXDOLGDGHV�

6RQ�SHUVRQDV�DXWR�PRWLYDGDV�<D�VHD�SRU�VXV�FLUFXQVWDQFLDV�SHUVRQDOHVR�SRU�VX�SHUVRQDOLGDG��VX�HPSXMH�SURYLHQH�GH�DGHQWUR��6LQ�HPEDUJR�HVWR�QR�TXLHUH�GHFLU�TXH�QR�QHFHVLWDQ�GH�ORV�GHPcV�SDUD�OOHYDU�D�FDERVXV�ORJURV�GH�DSUHQGL]DMH�R�TXH�VHDQ�VROLWDULRV�\�SRFR�VRFLDEOHV�

6RQ�WHFQROfJLFDPHQWH�KcELOHV�5cSLGDPHQWH�DGRSWDQ�ODV�KHUUDPLHQWDVQHFHVDULDV�SDUD�FRPSOHWDU�FRQ�d[LWR�VXV�FXUVRV��1R�WLHQHQ�SUREOHPDSDUD�QDYHJDU�SRU�HO�FLEHUHVSDFLR�\�HVWcQ�DELHUWRV�D�ODV�QXHYDV�LGHDV�\PdWRGRV�GH�WUDEDMR�SDUD�LQFOXLUODV�HQ�VX�YLGD�SURIHVLRQDO�

6H�FRPXQLFDQ�ELHQ�SRU�HVFULWR�$XQTXH�H[LVWDQ�VLVWHPDV�GH�YLGHR�R�GHDXGLR �SDUD �LQWHUFRQHFWDUVH� �HO �SULQFLSDO �PHGLR �GH �FRQYHUVDFLfQLQWHUDFWLYD�HV�OD�HVFULWXUD��/D�FDOLGDG�GH�VXV�HVFULWRV�HVWc�HQ�GLUHFWDSURSRUFLfQ�FRQ�VXV�UHVXOWDGRV�

(VWcQ�OLVWRV�D�FRPSURPHWHU�VX�WLHPSR�\�VX�HQHUJeD�HQ�HO�FXUVR�/D�FDUJDGH�WUDEDMR�GH�XQ�FXUVR�YLUWXDO�SXHGH�VHU�WDQ�SHVDGD�FRPR�OD�GH�XQ�FXUVRSUHVHQFLDO��1R�HV�UDUR�TXH�XQ�HVWXGLDQWH�YLUWXDO�GHGLTXH����KRUDV�R�PcV

Page 45: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

D�OD�VHPDQD�D�VXV�HVWXGLRV�

&UHHQ�HQ�HO�SURFHVR�GH�DSUHQGL]DMH�IXHUD�GHO�DXOD�WUDGLFLRQDO�6DEHQ�TXHHO�d[LWR�GHSHQGH�GH�VX�SURSLR�HVIXHU]R�\�HVWcQ�GLVSXHVWRV�D�DVXPLU�HOUHWR��/RV�HVWXGLDQWHV�9LUWXDOHV�HVWcQ�GLVSXHVWRV�D�FRQIRUPDU�JUXSRV�GHWUDEDMR�FRQ�VXV�FROHJDV�SDUD�SUR\HFWRV�FRODERUDWLYRV��7DPELdQ�DVXPHQFRQ�VHULHGDG�VX�SDUWLFLSDFLfQ�HQ�IRURV�\�UHDOL]DQ�VXV�WDUHDV�GLJLWDOHV�&RPXQLFDQ�VXV�QHFHVLGDGHV�\�SUHRFXSDFLRQHV�&RQWUDULR�DO�HVWXGLDQWHSUHVHQFLDO��TXH�SXHGH�SDVDU�GHVDSHUFLELGR�\�DVXPLU�VXV��IUXVWUDFLRQHV�\GLILFXOWDGHV��HO�HVWXGLDQWH�YLUWXDO�GHEH�KDFHUVH�HVFXFKDU�HQ�FDVR�GH�TXHH[LVWDQ�SUREOHPDV�

'LVSRVLFLfQ�SDUD�FRPSDUWLU�\�DSRUWDU�$XQTXH�DOJXQRV�SUHIHULUeDQ�KDFHUWRGR�SRU�VX�FXHQWD��VLQ�GHSHQGHU�HV�IXQGDPHQWDO��QR�VRODPHQWH�FRQ�HOSURIHVRU�VLQR�FRQ�ORV�GHPcV�SDUWLFLSDQWHV��)OH[LELOLGDG�SDUD�DGRSWDUQXHYRV�HVWLORV�GH�QDGLH��VXV�FROHJDV�GH�FXUVR�HVSHUDQ�OR�FRQWUDULR�

(Q �HO �DPELHQWH �YLUWXDO �VH �H[LJH �OD �DSHUWXUD �\ �IUDQTXH]D �GH �ORVSDUWLFLSDQWHV� �TXH�QR �GHEHQ�GXGDU �HQ �SUHVHQWDUVH �D �ORV �GHPcV�VLQUHVWULFFLRQHV�

���7RPDGR�GH�*XLOOHUPR�5DPLUH]��&RPR�VHU�XQ�HVWXGLDQWH�9LUWXDO�H[LWRVR��HQ&ROHJLR�9LUWXDO�RUJSWDU�OD �ShUGLGD�GH�HVWDV�YDOLRVDV�KHUUDPLHQWDV�\ �WUDWDU �GHVXSOLUODV�FRQ�ORV�HOHPHQWRV�GH�FRPXQLFDFLlQ�GLVSRQLEOHV�

35,1&,3,2�'(�$'48,6(1&,$�'(/$�358(%$

35,1&,3,2�'(�$'48,6(1&,$�'(�/$�358(%$

Page 46: Articulos de Derecho Procesal

(O �3ULQFLSLR �GH �$GTXLVLFLlQ� �FRQVLVWH �HQ �TXH �XQD �YH]LQFRUSRUDGRV�DO�SURFHVR�ORV�DFWRV�SURFHVDOHV��GRFXPHQWRV�HWF�� �GHMDQ�GH�SHUWHQHFHU�D�TXLHQ�OR�UHDOL]l�\�SDVDQ�DIRUPDU�SDUWH�GHO�SURFHVR��SXGLHQGR�LQFOXVR�OD�SDUWH�TXH�QRSDUWLFLSl �HQ �VX �LQFRUSRUDFLlQ �REWHQHU �FRQFOXVLRQHVUHVSHFWR�GH�hO��$Fg�GHVDSDUHFH�HO�FRQFHSWR�GH�SHUWHQHQFLDLQGLYLGXDO��XQD�YH]�VH�LQFRUSRUH�HO�DFWR�DO�SURFHVR�