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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DELCUSCO

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGRARIAS TROPICALES

A G R O N O M A T R O P I C A L EI N D U S T R I A S A L I M E N T A R I A S

CARRERA PROFESIONAL AGRONOMIA TROPICAL

CURSO: climatologa

DOCENTE: ING. Maio !"#$# %&am'( )&all*a

ALUMNA: !&lia ma&+a Mama(i #ai"

TEMA: cuales son los efectos que va generar elfenmeno del nio y como afectara a nuestro pas

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CULES SON LOS EEC!OS "UE #$ %ENE&$& EL EN'(ENO )ELN*+O , CO(O $EC!$ $ NUES!&O -$.S

Lo# ","cto# -&" a *o "l ,"(/m"(o "l (i0o "#" 12345 "l P"$ )a"6*"im"(tao )a#ta o# "7"(to# " ,&"t" i(t"(#ia oigi(ao# *o "l

,"(/m"(o " El Ni0o: "( 12389123 ; "( 122 la oc&"(cia "l ,"(/m"(o " El Ni0o "( lo# m"#"# " ma;o ; +&(io?oto0oi(7i"(o@5 lo# ","cto# a0i(o# i"cto# -&" *oa( *"#"(ta#" #"aa( "( c&lti7o# " ago"6*otaci/( &=icao# "( la o(a c"(to ; (ot" "l*a#5 *i(ci*alm"(t" "( "#ta $ltima.

Si #" a &( #o#t"(imi"(to " la# t"m*"at&a# *oa 7"#" a,"ctaa la,loaci/( "( c&lti7o# " ma(go5 ctico#5 *alta ; oli7o "( "l #&5 ; *o#i=l"m"(t"&7a.

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Po "llo5 la *"7"(ci/( ; "l o " =&"(a# *'ctica# agcola# ?a"c&aoalmac"(ami"(to " #"milla# ; *lag&icia#5 i7"#i,icaci/( " c&lti7o# ; "la"c&ao ma("+o " co="t&a# " #&"lo#@ #o( lo# m"+o"# aliao# "l

ago"6*otao *aa com=ati la ll"gaa "l ,"(/m"(o " El Ni0o.No o=#ta(t"5 *aa mitiga c&al-&i" im*acto ("gati7o5 "l Go=i"(o )a *"7i#to&( ,o(o " US 44 millo("# -&" ti"(" "l *o*/#ito " c&=i la# ("c"#ia"#"l #"cto Agic&lt&a5 #o=" too "( la# "gio("# "l (ot" "l *a#.

Paa )ac"la cota5 la co#a 7i"(" mal. El ENFEN5 -&" "# "l Comit>M&lti#"ctoial "(cagao "l E#t&io Nacio(al "l F"(/m"(o "l Ni0o5 "#t'co(,omao *o lo# ci"(t,ico# " SENAM%I5 IMARPE5 IGP5 ANA5 DN% "INDECI. E# "ci5 lo m"+o "( ci"(cia "l #"cto *$=lico. "#to# ci"(t,ico#5 -&"#&"l"( #" m&; ca&to# ; *&"(t"# ; i#ta( " #" alami#ta# )a( a(&(ciao "(

#& Com&(icao o,icial "l *a#ao 3 " +&lio -&" ;a "#tamo# 7i7i"(o &( HNi0oCo#t"o " mo"ao a ,&"t"5 #i( *"ci*itacio("# *o #" i(7i"(o. El*om"io " la t"m*"at&a "l ma5 " toa la co#ta (ot"5 "#t' JC *o"(cima " lo "#*"ao. E#" Ni0o5 ;a (aci/ ; "#t' co( (o#oto#.

E# *o#i=l" -&" El Ni0o Co#t"o #" "6ti"(a )a#ta "l 7"a(o co( mag(it&i(ci"ta #i( "#cata -&" *&"a alca(a &(a mag(it& ,&"t" o "6taoi(aia.La ("gita5 "# ma. Lo "#alt/ *o-&" l"o "#to# com&(icao# )ac" a0o# ;(&(ca )a( *&"#to "( =la(co ; ("go &( *o(/#tico " "#ta (at&al"a.

%o; "l Ni0o "#ta "#t&iao *o toa# la# oga(iacio("# ci"(t,ica# -&" 7igila(

"l Pac,ico *o-&" # co(#"c&"(cia# "co(/mica# (o# #olo a,"cta( toa# #co#ta#5 #i(o tam=i>( al *la("ta "(t"o. La coi"(t" cali"(t" =a+a )acia la co#ta*"&a(a "#*laa(o la coi"(t" ,a " %&m=olt "( "l '"a " T&m="# ;Pi&a. Como "l "7"(to oc&" too# a0o# al""o " Na7ia lo# *"#cao"#la =a&tiao( como la HCoi"(t" "l Ni0o. C&a(o la coi"(t" #"#o="cali"(ta5 m'# ai=a " # *a'm"to# (omal"#5 " i(7a" toa la co#ta*"&a(a *o lo g"("al "l ,"(/m"(o "m*i"a "( i(7i"(o ; "l "#a#t" oc&""( 7"a(o.

Si %&mala -&i"" #al7a algo " #& go=i"(o "=" "(t"(" -&" la# m"ia# "*"7"(ci/( *aa i(,a"#t&ct&a *$=lica #o( " a=#ol&ta *ioia ; &g"(cia. E#

m&c)o m'# =aato co(t"(" &( "#=o" -&" "co(#t&i ca"t"a# ; *&"(t"#.T"("mo# i(g"(i"a co(ta "#a#t"# " *im"a "( "l *a#5 *o la ca(tia ""6*"i"(cia ac&m&laa. Diag(/#tico# " o(a# 7&l("a=l"#5 ;a lo# )a;. ElP"#i"(t" %&mala "=" co(7oca " Ug"(cia a ENFEN ; l&"go " &(iag(/#tico *"ci#o cooi(a co( "l MEF ?*aa "#to "#t'( lo# ,o(o# "co(ti(g"(cia@ &( "#*li"g&" (acio(al " "#g&ao " la i(,a"#t&ct&a*$=lica.

Lo #"cto"# m'# ctico#5 *"#ca ; agic&lt&a ("c"#ita( at"(ci/( "l E#tao. Laagic&lt&a &al " #&=#i#t"(cia &( *ogama " "#cat"5 la *"-&"0a ; m"ia(a

agic&lt&a ; la ga( agic&lt&a " ago "6*otaci/( #"(ta#" a la m"#a co( "lMi(i#to ; *la(t"a &( *la( " al m"(o#5 #o="7i7"(cia. E( *"#ca5 la

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"#a*aici/( " a(c)o7"ta o=liga a "*"(#a *aa "#t" a0o5 ; "l */6imo5 la#"#ticcio("# im*&"#ta#.

E( "l #"cto com"cio " i(tia5 #&," "l #"cto t"6til ?la t"m*"at&a "# &(a7aia=l" " ga( im*acto "( la 7"(ta " *"(a# " 7"#ti@ ; "l t&i#mo "l

*/6imo 7"a(o #i la# i(&(acio("#5 "#=o"# ; )&aico# *o("( "( "m"g"(ciaal *a#.

Si "#t" Ni0o 7i"(" co( #"-&a "( "l S&5 como )a #&c"io a(t"#5 la ANA "="t"(" li#to &( *la( " co(ti(g"(cia ta(to *aa agic&lt&a5 co(#&mo )&ma(o ;g"("aci/( " "l"cticia.

Gi(ia Kl7a"5 7oc"a "l "(t" -&" #" "(caga " 7" lo# cam=io# clim'tico# -&"

#" *o&c"( "( "l *a#5 #"0al/ -&" "l ,"(/m"(o #" *"#"(ta' "(t" ma;o ; +&(io

" "#t" a0o ?m"iao# " oto0o@5 ; " ,oma l"7".

enmeno El Nio s se producir6 este ao en el -er78 seg7n Senam9i

S" i(ica < a#*"cto# -&" "="# t"(" "( c&"(ta *aa "#ta *"7"(io a(t" "#t","(/m"(o.

1. El Ni0o "# &( ,"(/m"(o m"t"ool/gico "'ticam"(t" cclico5 "# "ci5 -&"a*a"c" #i( &(a ,"c&"(cia "t"mi(aa5 "( ciclo# " t"# a oc)o a0o#. E#t" a,"cta*i(ci*alm"(t" a S&am>ica5 "( la# co#ta# "l Pac,ico.

8. Co(#i#t" "( &( cam=io " *ato("# "( "l mo7imi"(to " la# coi"(t"# mai(a#5

*o7oca(o &(a #&*"*o#ici/( " ag&a# c'lia#5 #o=" la# ag&a# ,a# -&"caact"ia( a la coi"(t" "l %&m=olt.

. Lo# *"#cao"# "l *&"to " Paita5 al (ot" " (&"#to *a#5 lo =a&tiao( comoEl Ni0o5 "( ",""(cia a !"#&ci#to. E#to #" "=" -&"5 &a(t" alg&(a#t"m*oaa#5 "l ag&a " la# co#ta# "l Pac,ico #" cal"(ta=a "( >*oca# (a7i"0a#.

. La# co(#"c&"(cia# " "#t" ,"(/m"(o "( Am>ica "l S&5 "=io a la#alt"acio("# "( la coi"(t" "l %&m=olt5 co(ll"7a( a *>ia# *"#-&"a# "(ci"ta# "#*"ci"#5 ; "l i(c"m"(to o a*aici/( cic&(#ta(cial " ota# ta(ta#.

. El Ni0o ti"(" a g"("a i(t"(#a# ,omacio("# " (&="#5 *"oo# " ga()&m"a5 =a+a *"#i/( atmo#,>ica5 ll&7ia# to"(cial"#5 *>ia# agcola#5 ola# "calo ; 7iol"(to# "#*laami"(to# " ti"a5 co(ocio# como )&aico#.

. E#t" ,"(/m"(o *&"" #ig(i,ica *aa "l *a# la *>ia "co(/mica "acti7ia"# *imaia#. A"m'#5 a(t" "l *"ligo i(mi("(t" " lo# )&aico#5 *&""co(ll"7a a *>ia# " )oga"#5 i(,a"#t&ct&a# ; 7ia#.

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*"oo ma;o a t"# m"#"# co(#"c&ti7o#. Act&alm"(t" "# co(#i"ao como&( ,"(/m"(o oca#io(al5 i"g&la5 a*"i/ico ; " ga("# "*"cio("##ocio"co(/mica# "( "l m&(o. S" *"#"(ta co( 7aiaa i(t"(#ia5 #i"(o lo#"*i#oio# " 1238 9123 ; 122a(o. Po #caact"#tica# co(taia# a El Ni0o5 "#t" ,"(/m"(o "# co(ocio como La Ni0a.S" "#taca( lo# "*i#oio# " 12339 1232 ; 122398444 *o #& i(t"(#ia5&aci/( ; ","cto clim'tico.

EN TRMINOS DE AMENAA

Lo# ,"(/m"(o# i(7ol&cao# #" ta(#,oma( "( am"(aa# *o i(c"m"(to "la# ll&7ia# ; "( co(#"c&"(cia g"("a( i(&(acio("# ; mo7imi"(to# "( ma#aQ>,icit " ll&7ia# -&" co(&c"( a #"-&a# " i(c"(io# ,o"#tal"#5 ci"lo#"#*"+ao# ; )"laa#.

D&a(t" El Ni0o #" )a o=#"7ao ma;o *>ia " lo# glacia"# -&" "( *at""# com*"(#aa &a(t" lo# "7"(to# " La Ni0a. El a&m"(to "l (i7"l "l ma"( co(+&(ci/( co( 7i"(to# *"*"(ic&la"# a la co#ta g"("a #"i"# " ola#alta# ?ma"+aa#@5 -&" caa( i(&(acio("#5 "o#i/( co#t"a ; )&(imi"(to "*"-&"0a# "m=acacio("#. Lo# cam=io# "( la# co(icio("# clim'tica#"gio(al"# #" ta&c"( "( am"(aa#5 #"g$( "l ti*o " ,"(/m"(o5 *aa la

agic&lt&a ; ga(a"a i(tialiaa# ; " #&*"7i7"(cia ?#"g&iaalim"(taia@5 la i(,a"#t&ct&a 7ial5 la i#*o#ici/( " ag&a *ota=l" ; la

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ca*acia " g"("aci/( " "("ga )io"l>ctica5 a"m'# -&" *oli,"a(7"cto"# " "(,"m"a"# a#ociaa# co( cam=io# am=i"(tal"# t"m*oal"#.

Dao -&" lo# ,"(/m"(o# El Ni0o ; La Ni0a "#t'( a#ociao# co( "l a&m"(to oi#mi(&ci/( a(/malo " la t"m*"at&a #&*",icial "l ma5 &(o " lo#

i(icao"# m'# &tiliao# *aa )ac" #"g&imi"(to a "#to# ,"(/m"(o# "# "l(ic" "l Ni0o Oc"'(ico ?ONI5 *o # #igla# "( i(gl>#@5 "#aollao *o laNatio(al Oc"a(ic a( Atmo#*)"ic Ami(i#tatio( ?NOAA@. E#t" (ic" "#calc&lao a *ati " m"icio("# " la t"m*"at&a #&*",icial "l ma "( "l#"cto c"(tal "l Pac,ico to*ical ,"(t" a la# co#ta# " S&am>ica.

E( co(icio("# El Ni0o5 "l ONI "=" #" ig&al o #&*"io a 45 gao# C"l#i" a(omala5 mi"(ta# -&" "( co(icio("# La Ni0a5 "l ONI "=" #" ig&al oi(,"io a 945 gao# C"l#i.

Lo# "*i#oio# co( t"m*"at&a# #&*",icial"# "l ma m'# c'lia# #"

*"#"(tao( &a(t" lo# a0o# 12