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Códigos de colores para indicación del valor de resistores

Código de colores para tres o cuatro bandas

COLOR 1ª CIFRA 2ª CIFRA Nº DE CEROS TOLERANCIA (+/-)

PLATA --- --- 0,01 10%

ORO --- --- 0,1 5%

NEGRO --- 0 --- ---

MARRÓN 1 1 0 1%

ROJO 2 2 00 2%

NARANJA 3 3 000 ---

AMARILLO 4 4 0000 ---

VERDE 5 5 00000 ---

AZUL 6 6 000000 ---

VIOLETA 7 7 --- ---

GRIS 8 8 --- ---

BLANCO 9 9 --- ---

Tolerancia: sin indicación +/- 20%

Para determinar el valor de la resistencia comenzaremos por determinar la banda de la tolerancia: oro, plata, rojo,marrón, o ningún color. Si las bandas son de color oro o plata, está claro que son las correspondientes a la toleranciay debemos comenzar la lectura por el extremo contrario. Si son de color rojo o marrón, suelen estar separadas de lasotras tres o cuatro bandas, y así comenzaremos la lectura por el extremo opuesto, 1ª cifra, 2ª cifra, número de ceros ofactor multiplicador y tolerancia, aunque en algunos casos existe una tercera cifra significativa. En caso de existi rsólo tres bandas con color, la tolerancia será de +/- 20%. La falta de esta banda dejará un hueco grande en uno

de los extremos y se empezará la lectura por el contrario. Suele ser característico que la separación entre la banda detolerancia y el factor multiplicativo sea mayor que la que existe entre las demás bandas.

Código de colores para cinco bandas

COLOR 1ª CIFRA 2ª CIFRA 3ª CIFRA Nº DE CEROS TOLERANCIA (+/-%)

PLATA --- --- --- 0,01 ---

ORO --- --- --- 0,1 ---

NEGRO --- 0 0 --- ---MARRÓN 1 1 1 0 1%

ROJO 2 2 2 00 2%

NARANJA 3 3 3 000 ---

AMARILLO 4 4 4 0000 ---

VERDE 5 5 5 00000 0,5%

AZUL 6 6 6 000000 ---

VIOLETA 7 7 7 --- ---

GRIS 8 8 8 --- ---

BLANCO 9 9 9 --- ---

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Código de marcas

Como en el caso del código de colores, el objetivo del código de marcas es el marcado de el valor nominal ytolerancia del componente y, aunque se puede aplicar a cualquier tipo de resistores, es típico encontrarlo enresistores bobinadas y variables.

Como valor nominal podemos encontrarnos con tres, cuatro, o cinco caracteres formados por la combinación de dos,tres, o cuatro números y una letra, de acuerdo con las cifras significativas del valor nominal. La letra del códigosustituye a la coma decimal, y representa el coeficiente multiplicador según la siguiente correspondencia:

LETRA CÓDIGO R K M G T

COEFICIENTE MULTIPLICADOR x1 x103

x106

x109

x1012

La tolerancia va indicada mediante una letra, según la siguiente tabla. Como se puede apreciar aparecen toleranciasasimétricas, aunque estas se usan normalmente en el marcado de condensadores.

TOLERANCIAS SIMÉTRICAS TOLERANCIAS ASIMÉTRICAS

Tolerancia % Letra código Tolerancia Letra código

+/- 0,1 B +30/-10 Q

+/- 0,25 C +50/-10 T

+/- 0,5 D +50/-20 S

+/- 1 F +80/-20 Z

+/- 2 G " "

+/- 5 J " "

+/- 10 K " "

+/- 20 M " "

+/- 30 N " "

Como ejemplo estas son algunas de los posibles marcados en resistores a partir del código de marcas:

Valor de la resistenciaen ohmios

Código de marcas Valor de la resistencia

en ohmios Código de marcas

0,1 R10 10K 10K

3,32 3R32 2,2M 2M2

59,04 59R04 1G 1G

590,4 590R4 2,2T 2T2

5,90K 5K9 10T 10T

Serie de valores normalizados y tolerancias para resistoresEl sistema de valores normalizados se obtiene de la expresión Ri. Losvalores de k indican la serie. Cada serie tiene k valores. Los resistores sefabrican con los múltiplos y submúltiplos de los valores de cada serie.

( )1

10 i 1,..., k 1i

k

i R

−

= = +

En la siguiente tabla se muestra la tolerancia de cada serie (las series más utilizadas son las E6, E12, y E24):

SERIE E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6

TOLERANCIA 0,5% 1% 2% 5% 10% 20%

Los valores normalizados de resistencias se muestran a continuación en laTABLA 1 para valores correspondidosentre 1 y 3,24, y en la TABLA 2 entre 3,28 y 9,88. A partir de estos se puede obtener cualquier resistencia, así para elvalor 9,88 obtendríamos resistencias de 0,98Ω, 9,88Ω, 98,8Ω, 988Ω, 9,8KΩ, etc.

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TABLA 1

E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

1,00 1,00 1,00 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,01 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,02 1,02 --- --- --- --- --- 1,04 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,05 1,05 1,05 --- --- --- --- 1,06 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,07 1,07 --- --- --- --- --- 1,09 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,10 1,10 1,10 1,1 --- --- --- 1,11 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,13 1,13 --- --- --- --- --- 1,14 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,15 1,15 1,15 --- --- --- --- 1,17 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,18 1,18 --- --- --- --- --- 1,20 --- --- 1,2 1,2 1,2 ---

1,21 1,21 1,21 --- --- --- --- 1,23 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,24 --- --- --- --- --- --- 1,26 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,27 1,27 1,27 --- --- --- --- 1,29 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,30 1,30 --- 1,3 --- --- --- 1,32 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,33 1,33 1,33 --- --- --- --- 1,35 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,37 1,37 --- --- --- --- --- 1,38 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,40 1,40 1,40 --- --- --- --- 1,42 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,43 1,43 --- --- --- --- --- 1,45 --- --- --- --- --- ---

E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

1,47 1,47 1,47 --- --- --- --- 1,49 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,50 1,50 --- 1,5 1,5 1,5 --- 1,52 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,54 1,54 1,54 --- --- --- --- 1,56 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,58 1,58 --- --- --- --- --- 1,60 --- --- 1,6 --- --- ---

1,62 1,62 1,62 --- --- --- --- 1,64 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,65 1,65 --- --- --- --- --- 1,67 --- --- --- --- --- ---1,69 1,69 1,69 --- --- --- --- 1,72 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,74 1,74 --- --- --- --- --- 1,76 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,78 1,78 1,78 --- --- --- --- 1,80 --- --- 1,8 1,8 1,8 ---

1,82 1,82 --- --- --- --- --- 1,84 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,87 1,87 1,87 --- --- --- --- 1,89 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,91 1,91 --- --- --- --- --- 1,93 --- --- --- --- --- ---

1,96 1,96 1,96 --- --- --- --- 1,98 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,00 2,00 --- 2,0 --- --- --- 2,03 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,05 2,05 2,05 --- --- --- --- 2,08 --- --- --- --- --- ---

E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

2,10 2,10 --- --- --- --- --- 2,13 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,15 2,15 2,15 --- --- --- --- 2,18 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,21 2,21 --- --- --- --- --- 2,23 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,26 2,26 2,26 --- --- --- --- 2,29 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,32 2,32 --- --- --- --- --- 2,34 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,37 2,37 2,37 --- --- --- --- 2,40 --- --- 2,4 --- --- ---

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- 2,43 2,43 --- --- --- --- ---

2,46 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2,49 2,49 2,49 --- --- --- ---

2,52 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2,55 2,55 --- --- --- --- ---

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E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

2,58 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2,61 2,61 2,61 --- --- --- ---

2,64 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2,67 2,67 --- --- --- --- ---

--- --- --- 2,7 2,7 --- --- 2,71 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,74 2,74 2,74 --- --- --- --- 2,77 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,80 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2,84 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,87 2,87 2,87 --- --- --- --- 2,91 --- --- --- --- --- ---

2,94 2,94 --- --- --- --- --- 2,98 --- --- --- --- --- ---

--- --- --- 3,0 --- --- --- 3,01 3,01 3,01 --- --- --- ---

3,05 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,09 3,09 --- --- --- --- ---

3,12 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,16 3,16 3,16 --- --- --- ---

3,20 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,24 3,24 --- --- --- --- ---

TABLA 2

E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

3,28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,3 3,3 3,3 ---

3,32 3,32 3,32 --- --- --- --- 3,36 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3,40 3,40 --- --- --- --- --- 3,44 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3,48 3,48 3,48 --- --- --- --- 3,52 --- --- --- --- --- ---

3,57 3,57 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,6 --- --- ---

3,61 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,65 3,65 3,65 --- --- --- ---

3,70 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,74 3,74 --- --- --- --- ---

3,79 --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,83 3,83 3,83 --- --- --- ---

3,88 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3,9 3,9 --- ---

E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

3,92 3,92 --- --- --- --- --- 3,97 --- --- --- --- --- ---

4,02 4,02 4,02 --- --- --- --- 4,07 --- --- --- --- --- ---

4,12 4,12 --- --- --- --- --- 4,17 --- --- --- --- --- ---

4,22 4,22 4,22 --- --- --- --- 4,27 --- --- --- --- --- ---

--- --- --- 4,3 --- --- --- 4,32 4,32 --- --- --- --- ---

4,37 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4,42 4,42 4,42 --- --- --- ---

4,48 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4,53 4,53 --- --- --- --- ---

4,59 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4,64 4,64 4,64 --- --- --- ---

4,70 --- --- 4,7 4,7 4,7 4,7- 4,75 4,75 --- --- --- --- ---

4,81 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4,87 4,87 4,87 --- --- --- ---

4,93 --- --- --- --- --- --- 4,99 4,99 --- --- --- --- ---

5,05 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 5,1 --- --- ---

5,11 5,11 5,11 --- --- --- --- 5,17 --- --- --- --- --- ---

5,23 5,23 --- --- --- --- --- 5,30 --- --- --- --- --- ---

5,36 5,36 5,36 --- --- --- --- 5,42 --- --- --- --- --- ---

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E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

5,49 5,49 --- --- --- --- --- 5,56 --- --- --- --- --- ---

--- --- --- 5,6 5,6 --- --- 5,62 5,62 5,62 --- --- --- ---

5,69 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5,76 5,76 --- --- --- --- ---

5,83 --- --- --- --- --- --- 5,90 5,90 5,90 --- --- --- ---

5,97 --- --- --- --- --- --- 6,04 6,04 --- --- --- --- ---

6,12 --- --- --- --- --- --- 6,19 6,19 6,19 --- --- --- ---

--- --- --- 6,2 --- --- --- 6,26 --- --- --- --- --- ---

6,34 6,34 --- --- --- --- --- 6,42 --- --- --- --- --- ---

6,49 6,49 6,49 --- --- --- --- 6,57 --- --- --- --- --- ---

6,65 6,65 --- --- --- --- --- 6,73 --- --- --- --- --- ---

--- --- --- 6,8 6,8 6,8 --- 6,81 6,81 6,81 --- --- --- ---

6,90 --- --- --- --- --- --- 6,98 6,98 --- --- --- --- ---

7,06 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7,15 7,15 7,15 --- --- --- ---

7,23 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7,32 7,32 --- --- --- --- ---

7,41 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7,50 7,50 7,50 7,5 --- --- ---

7,59 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7,68 7,68 --- --- --- --- ---

E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3 E192 E96 E48 E24 E12 E6 E3

7,77 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7,87 7,87 7,87 --- --- --- ---

7,96 --- --- --- --- --- --- 8,06 8,06 --- --- --- --- ---

8,16 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 8,2 8,2 --- ---

8,25 8,25 8,25 --- --- --- --- 8,35 --- --- --- --- --- ---

8,45 8,45 --- --- --- --- --- 8,56 --- --- --- --- --- ---

8,66 8,66 8,66 --- --- --- --- 8,76 --- --- --- --- --- ---

8,87 8,87 --- --- --- --- --- 8,98 --- --- --- --- --- ---

9,09 9,09 9,09 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 9,1 --- --- ---

9,20 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9,31 9,31 --- --- --- --- ---

9,42 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9,53 9,53 9,53 --- --- --- ---

9,65 --- --- --- --- --- --- 9,76 9,76 --- --- --- --- ---

9,88 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

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