De motor trifásico a generador eléctrico

7/30/2019 De motor trifásico a generador eléctrico

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CKGTKN \_ËBVHBE FD V_KGRIE_CKBHÒG FD TGCEVE_ V_HIËRHBE FD MKTNK FD K_FHNNK FDBTKV_E \ENER. DG ADGD_KFE_ DNÈBV_HBE'

Hgtrefubbhòg'

Dn ceter trhiëshbe fd mkunk fd krfhnnk fd buktre penes. pesdd ug oeohgkfe ierckfeper ;0 oeohgks. sdhs per bkfk iksd. dgirdgtkfks trds k trds' Dn dstkter fegfd dstëg nksoeohgks thdgd 29 fhdgtds fd `hdrre' Bkfk arupe fd trds oeohgks pesdd ugk oeohgkhgtdrher. ugk hgtdrcdfhk y etrk dxtdrher bece sd kprdbhk dg nk shauhdgtd iete. y dg dnfhoume

Nk oeohgk hgtdrher dganeok 1 fhdgtds fd `hdrre. nk hgtdrcdfhk 8 fhdgtds y nkdxtdrher ;; fhdgtds' Bece dn gýcdre tetkn fd fhdgtds ds 29 y sd thdgdg buktre penes. bkfkpene dstë ierckfe per 8 fhdgtds'

Nks 9 oeohgks gdarks ierckg ugk iksd. nk haukn qud nks vdrfds y nks cerkfks.pdre dg èstks ikntkg nks oeohgks fd dgirdgtd. qud sã dstëg fhoumkfks pkrk dn bkse fd nksoeohgks gdarks'

Nks oeohgks fd bkfk iksd dstëg ughfks dg sdrhd. per ne qud skndg sene fes bkonds

per bkfk iksd. bece sd kprdbhk dg dn fhoume'Nk hfdk oëshbk fd nk trkgsierckbhòg begshstd dg `kbdr buktre penesckagèthbes uskgfe hckgds dstrdb`es. pkrk qud sd kfkptdg ohdg k nk bhrbugidrdgbhk fdnreter' Ch prepudstk ds uskr hckgds fd ;< cc fd kgb`e. y dg oksd k dsk hfdk. dxpnhbkrè dnprebdse k sdauhr pkrk eotdgdr nes buktre penes ckagèthbes'

Bece dmdcpne prëbthbe qud dxpnhqud ohdg nes pkses k sdauhr. uskrè nks cdfhfksfdn ceter buyk iete kpkrdbd krrhok'

\rhcdr pkse= cdfhfks fdn reter

Ne prhcdre qud sd fdod `kbdr ds teckr cdfhfks cuy prdbhsks fdn fhëcdtre fdndstkter. y fd su negahtuf' \krk dnne sd fdodrãk uthnhzkr ug bknhord. pdre ds ugk `drrkchdgtk



qud ge dstk kn knbkgbd fd nk ckyerãk fd pdrsegks. per dse sd pudfd `kbdr dn shauhdgtd„trube–= beg ug pknhnne fd phgbès. sd bertk ug treze knae supdrher kn fhëcdtre fdndstkter' \estdrhercdgtd sd vk nhmkgfe beg ug pkpdn fd nhmk. y sd vk preokgfe `kstk quddgtrd kmustkfe dgtrd fes fhdgtds dgirdgtkfes'

Begsdauhfe dste. sd chfd nk negahtuffdn pknhnne beg ugk bhgtk cètrhbk' Dg ýnthckhgstkgbhk. y bece dn reter sd fdod nndvkr k ugtknndr fd terge. dg dn prephe tknndr sd pudfdcdfhr dn fhëcdtre dn reter. qud sudnd sdr ;cc' hgidrher kn fhëcdtre fdn dstkter'

Nk negahtuf fdn dstkter sd pudfdcdfhr fhrdbtkcdgtd beg nk bhgtk cètrhbk. y dnrdsuntkfe fd dstk cdfhbhòg ge ds brãthbe'\krk dn ceter fd nks ietes kgtdrherds. nks

cdfhfks eotdghfks `kg shfe

# Fhëcdtre fd reter 3 ;94 cc'# Negahtuf fd reter 3 ;2< cc

Rdaugfe pkse= cdbkghzkfe fdn reter

Rh dn fhëcdtre fdn dstkter ds supdrher k ;<< cc'. rdbechdgfe uskr hckgds fd ;<cc' fd areser (dn kgbè ds tkcohèg ;< cc' bece sd `k fhbè dg nk hgtrefubbhòg.perqud brdkg ug bkcpe ckagèthbe okstkgtd dndvkfe y dnne begtrhouyd k eotdgdr ugckyer rdgfhchdgte dg dn adgdrkfer'

\krk pefdr benebkr nes hckgds dg dn reter. `ky qud rdokmkr su fhëcdtre ugk bhdrtkbkgthfkf qud vhdgd fdtdrchgkfk per dn areser fd fes hckgds mugtes. cks ugeschnãcdtres pkrk benebkr ug `hne fd kbdre qud korkbd k nes hckgds. y ugk bhdrtk bkgthfkffd pdakcdgte' @ky qud `kbdr ugk bkchsk fd iudrzk k nes hckgds. pkrk qud ge sd cudvkggh sd sknakg fdn reter bukgfe dn adgdrkfer knbkgbd arkgfds rdvenubhegds' \er dnne `dfdbhfhfe kûkfhr 4 chnãcdtres cës kn areser fd fes hckgds. y ksã `ky dspkbhe suihbhdgtdpkrk nk rdknhzkbhòg fd nk bkchsk fd iudrzk' Nnkckgfe F kn fhëcdtre erhahgkn fdn reter. chfdbhshòg ds rdfubhrne k f 3 F ‒ ?4 cc' Dstd cdbkghzkfe fdn reter fdod `kbdrsdeonhakterhkcdgtd dg ug terge''

\krk dn ceter kgtdrher. dn fhëcdtre ihgkn sdrë ;94 ‒ ?4 3 ;6< cc'Vdrbdr pkse= prdpkrkbhòg fdn reter

Tgk vdz rdokmkfe dn reter. y kgtds fd dcpdzkr k benebkr nes hckgds. sd fdodprdpkrkr uges kaumdres fd cètrhbk 9. pkrk qud shrvkg fd sumdbhòg kn `hne fd kbdre qudkorkzkrë nes hckgds' Rd fhoumk ugk nãgdk rdbtk k ne nkrae fdn reter. y sd `krëg feskaumdres per bkfk hcëg' Nk negahtuf fdn hcëg qud sd uskrë ds fd 6< cc' y dn gýcdre fdhckgds qud sd benebkrkg k ne nkrae fdn chsce vhdgd fdtdrchgkfe per su negahtuf(cdfhfk dg dn prhcdr pkse' Ksã puds dn gýcdre fd kaumdres sdrë dn feond fd nes hckgdsqud qudpkg k ne nkrae fdn reter' Nk shtukbhòg fd nes fes kaumdres pudfd sdr k 1 cc' fd

bkfk dxtrdce fdn hcëg' \estdrhercdgtd sd fhvhfhrë nk bhrbugidrdgbhk fdn reter dg buktrepkrtds. bkfk ugk fd nks buknds sd nndgkrë fd hckgds fd ug ýghbe pene



\krk dstd ceter. nk negahtuf fd ;2< cc' fdtdrchgk qud `ky qud benebkr 2 hckgdsk ne nkrae fdn reter. ikntkgfe ; bc per buorhr tefk nk negahtuf'

Bukrte pkse= benebkbhòg fd nk prhcdrk bhrbugidrdgbhk fd hckgds

Bece `ky qud benebkr mugtes vkrhes hckgds fd nk chsck penkrhfkf ckagèthbk.`ky qud hfdkr ugk „tèbghbk qud hcphfk qud sknakg rdpdnhfes– dg bukgte sd kbdrqudg ugesk etres' Kgtds qud gkfk. ds begvdghdgtd gecorkr nes penes fd nes hckgds. pkrk pefdrbenebkrnes kfdbukfkcdgtd' \krk skodr qud bkrk fdn hcëg ds ug pene. sd nd kbdrbk ugfdsterghnnkfer y nk pugtk fdn chsce ousbkrë nk bkrk qud berrdspegfk kn pene' Dgtegbdssd dsbrhod ugk G dg fhb`k bkrk' Ge hcpertk qud dg rdknhfkf dsk bkrk sdk nk fdn pene Rur.ne qud hcpertk ds nk peshbhòg rdnkthvk fd nes penes fd nes hckgds dg dn reter' Nk tèbghbkpkrk benebkr nes hckgds ds nk shauhdgtd=

# Benebkr uges pebes hckgds sdpkrkfes dgtrd sh fd cefe qud nks iudrzks fd rdpunshòg gehcphfkg su benebkbhòg dg dn reter' Tskr ugks aetks fd bhkgebrhnkte'

# \krk ksdaurkr qud dg nk sdpkrkbhòg dgtrd hckgds. bkodg etres hckgds. uskrdces becesdpkrkferds. okrrhtks fd knuchghe fd nk chsck sdbbhòg fdn hcëg. bertkfks ugk negahtuffd kn cdges ;< cc' ckyer fd nk negahtuf fdn hcëg'



# Fdspuès fd benebkr nes hckgds y nes sdpkrkferds dg ugk bhrbugidrdgbhk becpndtk.sd benebkg fes terghnnes fd cètrhbk 9 y sd dgrennkg trds e buktre vudntks fd `hne fdkbdre fd terghnne k terghnne. preburkgfe qud qudfd ohdg tdgskfe'# Nudae sd `kbdg fes korkzkfdrks beg `hnes fd `hdrre fd ug fhëcdtre kprexhckfe fd;'4 cc. seord nk bhrbugidrdgbhk fd hckgds. kprdtkgfe ne cëxhce peshond'# K begthgukbhòg sd vkg quhtkgfe uge k uge nes sdpkrkferds fd knuchghe. y dg sunuakr sd benebk dn hcëg berrdspegfhdgtd'# \er ýnthce sd rdbuordg nes hckgds beg ckshnnk \exhnhgk u etre pdakcdgte (bececkshnnk fd bkrrebdrãk fd beb`ds pkrk `kbdr nk bkchsk fd iudrzk. mugte beg dn `hne fdkbdre. qud ckgtdgak nes hckgds dg su shthe' Nes `hnes fd `hdrre pudfdg sdrvhr bece

dgrksd fdn areser fd nk bkpk fd pdakcdgte. y `ky qud quhtkrnes dg bukgte nk ckshnnkdcphdbd k dgfurdbdr'



[uhgte pkse= benebkbhòg fd nks shauhdgtds bhrbugidrdgbhks fd hckgds

Dn prebdse k sdauhr ds hfègthbe kn dxpnhbkfe dg dn pkse bukrte. per ne qud sdcestrkrkg sene nks ietes berrdspegfhdgtds kn prebdse sdauhfe=# Hckgds fd nk chsck penkrhfkf sdpkrkfes per sdpkrkferds fd knuchghe

# @hne fd kbdre y bkond fd `hdrre pkrk sumdtkr nes hckgds

# Vefes nes hckgds benebkfes y rdbuohdrtes fd \exhnhgk



# Tnthck bhrbugidrdgbhk fd hckgds

_eter tetkncdgtd tdrchgkfe

Rdxte pkse= benebkbhòg fdn reter fdgtre fdn dstkter

Kgtds fd benebkr dn reter dg dn hgtdrher fdn dstkter. ds begvdghdgtd cdfhr dnfhëcdtre ihgkn pkrk ksdaurkrsd qud ge rezk beg dn dstkter' Dg bkse fd qud dn fhëcdtre sdkdxbdshve. nk \exhnhgk sd pudfd nhmkr y rdokmkr `kstk begsdauhr ug fhëcdtre qud sdk

hgidrher kn fdn hgtdrher fdn dstkter'



Nk benebkbhòg fdn reter fdgtre fdn dstkter ds ugk epdrkbhògCTX \DNHA_ERK. pudste qud nk iudrzk fd ktrkbbhòg dgtrd neshckgds fdn reter y nes fhdgtds fd `hdrre fdn dstkter. `kbd qud dnreter sd cudvk beg cub`k rkphfdz `kbhk dn hgtdrher fdn dstkter'

Nk ierck fd rdknhzkr dstk epdrkbhòg beg sdaurhfkf ds pegdr# \egdr nk tkpk pestdrher fdn ceter kn dmd fdn reter'# Benebkr y kpeykr dn dxtrdce iregtkn fdn reter fdgtre fdn dstkter (sene dn dxtrdce# Beadr per fdtrës nk tkpk fdn reter RHG \EGD_ NKR CKGER DGV_D DRVK VK\K XDN CEVE_# Hr dcpumkgfe dn reter fdgtre fdn dstkter. beahdgfe shdcprd per nk pkrtd dxtdrgk fd nktkpk RHG \EGD_ NKR CKGER DGV_D NK VK\K X DN CEVE_'# Bukgfe nes hckgds sd kbdrqudg k nes fhdgtds fd `hdrre fdn dstkter. dn reter suirhrë ugcevhchdgte rëphfe y orusbe `kstk benebkrsd dg dn hgtdrher fdn dstkter'

NK \D_REGK [TD [THD_K RDATH_ DRVD CKGTKNX GE VDGAK DN BTHFKFE GDBDRK_HE \K_K_DKNH]K_ DRVK TNVHCK E\D_KBHÒG. \TDFDRTI_H_ NK I_KBVT_K FD NER FDFER FD NK

CKGE X VKN YD] NK \D_FHFK FD KNATGE FDDNNER''

DN KTVE_ FD DRVD CKGTKN GE RD @KBD_DR\EGRKOND FD NER KBBHFDGVDR [TD

\TDFK RTI_H_ NK \D_REGK [TD HGVDGVDV_KGRIE_CK_ TG CEVE_ DG ADGD_KFE_X GE VDGAK BTHFKFE DG DN CKGDME FDN_EVE_ DG RT BENEBKBHEG FDGV_E FDN

DRVKVE_

\rudok ihgkn fdn adgdrkfer'

Dn kspdbte ihgkn fdn ceter trkgsierckfe dg adgdrkfer sd cudstrk dg nksshauhdgtds ietes



Beg nk ckghvdnk fd ckfdrk sd pudfd begsdauhr `kbdr ahrkr kn adgdrkfer k 9<.;?< d hgbnuse ;0< rpcs' Beg nk kyufk fd ug rdnem fd bebhgk qud ckrbk nes sdaugfes. sdpudfd `kbdr ahrkr dn dmd fdn ceter k ;. ? d hgbnuse 2 vudntks per sdaugfe. shg begdbtkrghgaugk bkrak kn oeohgkfe. puds dg dstd bkse. `korãk qud `kbdr cub`k cks iudrzk y ge

sd pefrãk nndakr k ;0< rpcs' Nk tdgshòg eotdghfk dg ug adgdrkfer dsfhrdbtkcdgtd preperbhegkn k nks rpcs' \krk dstdadgdrkfer sd `kg eotdghfe ?0 venthes dg bkfk iksd.pkrk ugks ;?< rpcs' Nk rdshstdgbhk fd bkfk iksd dsfd <'0 e`ches'

Dg bkfk iksd fdn adgdrkfer sd pegfrë ugpudgtd fd fhefes. bece sd vd dg dn fhoume. y pertkgte sd supegfrë qud nks trds iksds dstëg dgpkrkndne. per ne tkgte nk rdshstdgbhk tetkn fdn

adgdrkfer sdrë <'0%23 <'?9 e`ches'

Tg pudgtd fd fhefes koserod ? ventheskprexhckfkcdgtd' Beg tefes dstes fktes. sdpudfd skodr nk hgtdgshfkf fd berrhdgtd y nkpetdgbhk fdn adgdrkfer dg iugbhòg fd nks rpcspkrk bkrakr ;?. ?6 e 60 venthes' Nk hgtdgshfkf fdberrhdgtd sd bknbunk per nk dxprdshòg

adgdrkfer

oktdrhkpudgtdadgdrkfer

k_dshstdgbhYentkmdYentkmdYentkmdH

∟∟

3

shg tdgdr dg budgtk nk rdshstdgbhk hgtdrgk fd nk oktdrãk gh nk fd nes bkonds fd begdxhògdgtrd adgdrkfer y oktdrãk

Nk petdgbhk knckbdgkfk dg nk oktdrãk sd eothdgd per nk dxprdshòg

\ 3 Hgtdgshfkf x Yentkmdoktdrhk

y nk petdgbhk begsuchfk dg dn prephe adgdrkfer sd eothdgd per nk dxprdshòg

KB

KB

*U

KB

KB

*U

KB

KB

*U

*

U



\a 3 Hgtdgshfkf? x _dshstdgbhkadgdrkfer

Ruckgfe kcoks petdgbhks sd eothdgd nk petdgbhk tetkn qud dn vhdgte dstësuchghstrkgfe kn adgdrkfer. fdsprdbhkgfe rezkchdgtes beg dn khrd y dg nes prephesrefkchdgtes fdn adgdrkfer' Dn rdgfhchdgte fdn adgdrkfer ds dn bebhdgtd dgtrd nk petdgbhk

knckbdgkfk y nk petdgbhk tetkn

_dgfhchdgte 3tetkn\etdgbhk

knckbdgkfk \etdgbhk

\rudoks rdknhzkfks beg vhdgte

Nks pknks fdn adgdrkfer chfdg ;2< bc fd negahtuf. ;6 bc fd kgb`urk y nkhgbnhgkbhòg kprexhckfk ds fd ;? ½' Dg nk prhcdrk prudok beg vhdgte. dn adgdrkfer dstkokbegdbtkfe k ug oktdrãk fd ;? venthes y sd eosdrvò qud nk petdgbhk suchghstrkfk drk cuypebk. kpdgks 1< wkthes' Nk dxpnhbkbhòg sd fdod k qud dn petdgbhkn adgdrkfe dsfdckshkfe arkgfd rdspdbte kn petdgbhkn fd nk oktdrãk. beg ne bukn nk hgtdgshfkf fdberrhdgtd sdrhk tkg arkgfd qud dn irdgkfe qud prefubd ds cuy arkgfd y dn kdreadgdrkferfhschguyd sus rpcs. y bece begsdbudgbhk fhschguyd dn ventkmd y nk petdgbhk adgdrkfk'

Bukgfe ug adgdrkfer dcphdzk k suchghstrkr berrhdgtd k ugk oktdrãk. suird ugirdgkfe qud kucdgtk beg nk hgtdgshfkf fd berrhdgtd' Dstd irdgkfe ds nk rdkbbhòg fd nksoeohgks kn cevhchdgte fd nes hckgds. y iuè dgugbhkfe per Ndgz' Vkcohèg ds nkdxpnhbkbhòg fdn prhgbhphe fd begsdrvkbhòg fd nk dgdraãk= bukgfe nes hckgds sd cudvdgthdgdg dgdraãk bhgèthbk. nk bukn pksk k nks oeohgks dg ierck fd dgdraãk dnèbtrhbk. per

tkgte nk dgdraãk bhgèthbk fd nes hckgds fhschguyd. y sd getk dn irdgkfe fd nes hckgds'Ds dn chsce idgòcdge qud sd prefubd bukgfe sd bertebhrbuhtk dn adgdrkfer y sdqudfk prëbthbkcdgtd pkrkfe per dn arkg irdgkfe qud prefubhrãk nk berrhdgtd fdbertebhrbuhte'

Nk fdbhshòg qud `d teckfe ds sdpkrkr nks oeohgks fd bkfk iksd y begdbtkrnks dgpkrkndne dg vdz fd dg sdrhd pkrk fhschguhr dn petdgbhkn adgdrkfe' Nk gudvk begdxhòg fdnks oeohgks sd vd dg dn fhoume shauhdgtd=

K`erk skndg buktre bkondsfd bkfk iksd. qud sd pudfdg

begdbtkr dg pkrkndne' Ksh dnpetdgbhkn adgdrkfe ds fd ;6venthes k ;?< rpcs'. y nk petdgbhksuchghstrkfk k nk oktdrãk `kkucdgtkfe pkrk nk chsckvdnebhfkf fd vhdgte. nndakgfe k?4< wkthes k ugk vdnebhfkf fdvhdgte fd 2< Jc%`

Vkcohèg `d rdknhzkfe etrkprudok begshstdgtd dg bkcohkr fd;? venthes k ?6 venthes bukgfe dstk

sepnkgfe dn vhdgte y dn rdsuntkfe`k shfe qud nk berrhdgtd



suchghstrkfk `k shfe bksh nk chsck k ;? qud k ?6 venthes. beg ne bukn nk petdgbhksuchghstrkfk k nk oktdrãk sd fupnhbk' Dste sd fdod k ne chsce dxpnhbkfe kgtds. knkucdgtkr dn petdgbhkn fd nk oktdrãk. kucdgtkg nks rpcs fdn adgdrkfer gdbdskrhks pkrkknbkgzkr dn gudve petdgbhkn y nk hgtdgshfkf pdrckgdbd bksh hfègthbk' \er dnne. nkbegdxhòg hfdkn fdn adgdrkfer ds k ugk oktdrãk fd ?6 venthes pkrk eotdgdr cës petdgbhk y

cës rdgfhchdgte fdn kdreadgdrkfer'

De motor trifásico a generador eléctrico

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