Enfermería del Trabajo, volumen 3, número 1, 2013

7/23/2019 Enfermería del Trabajo, volumen 3, número 1, 2013

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/enfermeria-del-trabajo-volumen-3-numero-1-2013 1/52



Medtfrd`j

Ymsukma y gfagjusdfams em j`s 8ª Lfraè`sA`gdfa`jms em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf

@utfrms

Gfkdtä frcàdzèfr

Ym`jdz`r ua`s gfagjusdfams f v`jfr`gd÷a em ua`s Lfr+aè`s qum afsftrfs hmkfs frcàdzèf rmsujt` ua mlmrgdgdfkàs idma gurdfsf* pums pumem pmremrsm j` filmtdvdeè* y`qum mj prdsk` pfr mj qum hmkfs kdrèf mstm Gfkdtä Fr+càdzèfr pumem emsvdrtu`r j` gj`rdeè* pmrf t`kidäa ms iumaf p`r` qum afs sdrv` em rmnjmxd÷a y em masmðàz` p`r`mj nuturf!

J` prdkmr` em j`s v`jfr`gdfams afs `t`ðm ` jfs prfpdfskdmkirfs emj Gfkdtä* qum `gmpt`kfs ua rmtf guàef*ùaqum `jcuafs afs gfafgë`kfs* auag` hìë`kfs trì`+ lèf luatfs y kughf kmafs ma mst`s jìfrms! _`r` jfs qumsm vmëà pfr prdkmr` vmz tmaëà ua efijm rmtf* mj prdkmrfgfamgt`r gfkf pmrsfa`s* y mj smcuaef y kàs mspmgëndgf*jjmv`r ` gìf ua prfcr`k` em `gtdvdeèms mag`kdaè`s `qum mj eë` em j` daùcur`gd÷a em J`s 8`s Lfraè`s A`gdf+a`jms em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* tfef mstuvdmr` puatf yäst`s tràsgurrdmrà em ua` nfrk` njude` y sda gfatr`tdmk+ pfs! Grmmkfs hìmr jfcrèf mj filmtdvf prfpumstf* pumsj`s dagdemagd`s ma su ems`rrfjjf numrfa pur`kmatm àmg+e÷tdg`s!

Afs cust`rë` t`kidäa v`jfr`r mj jmk` mjmcdef Nfrk`+gd÷a&G`jdeè&Ymspfasìdjdeè qum grmmkfs numrfa `k+ pjd`kmatm rmnjmlèfs ma j`s kms`s y t`jjmrms mspmgëndgfs!

J` Nfrk`gd÷a sm gfagrmt÷ ma i`stàtms nfrfs qum ì`rg`+rfa emsem j` pfamagd` daùcur`j prmsmatè` pfr mj _rfn!Mdrfs Ifuz` sfirm j`s manmrkmeèms danmggdfs`s ma mjkuaef emj trì`lf* y emspuäs ma j` prdkmr` em j`s kms`s*efaem sm emscrà÷ tfef mj rmgfrrdef em j` nfrk`gd÷a emaumstrfs mspmgd`jdst`s pfr j` vë` MDY emsem j`s ednmrmatms pmrspmgtdv`s qum j` gfanfrkà* p`rtdmaef em j`s jìfrmsfrcàdz`tdv`s y sdcudmaef pfr j`s `gtdvdeèms tutfrd`jms ygfa j` pmrspmgtdv` sdmkprm grëtdg` em jfs `jukafs!

_`rtm dkpfrtàtm em j` jìfr nfrk`tdv` em mst`s lfra`+e`s sm rm`jdz÷ ma jfs t`jjmrms* mxprms`kmatm emedgèfs ` prfijmk`s y `gtdvdeèms qum rm`jdz`kfs ma aumstrfs pums+tfs em trì`lf* sdmaef mst` ua` `gtdvdeè em j`s qum kàsäxdtf hà tmadef ma lfraè`s àtmrdfrms* ma j` prmsmatm sm iusg`rfa t`kidäa tmk`s qum rmsujt`rfa emj `crèf em jfs

`sdstmatms* pums `së jf kàdnmst`rfa ma euràtm su dkp`r+tdgd÷a y sfirm tfef ma msfs ‚gfrrdjjfs‛ pfstmrdfrms qumsdmkprm sm nfrkà matrm jfs `sdstmatms ` j`s Lfraè`s!

Mj tmk` em j` g`jdeè mstà gè` eë` kàs prmsmatm afsfjf ma aumstr` prfnmsd÷a* sdaf ma tfe`s j`s `gtdvdeèmsqum gfanfrkà j`s àrm`s prfnmsdfa`jms* efgmatms* sdstmagd`jms* mkprms`rd`jms y tfe`s `qumjj`s qum và edrdcde`s j` gfkuadeè! Ms pfr mjjf qum j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lfaf pumem smr lma` p`rtdgdp`r ma msfs gfagmptfs m dagjujfs grdtmrdfs em j` g`jdeè y g÷kf äst` sm `rtdguj` ma j` prmst`gd÷a em gudeèfs! _fr mjjf* j` kms` qum emi`td÷ mstgdrguastàgd` tuvf ua` crà gfcde` y p`r` jcuafs em jfs

`sdstmatms sdrvd÷ gfkf dadgdf ma mstm tmk` y ` j` vmz egfkprfkdsf p`r` kmlfr`r ma j` pràgtdg` prfnmsdfa`j!J` mxpjdg`gd÷a ma mst` kms` em j` mxpmrdmagd` emj W

vdgdf em _rmvmagd÷a emj Hfspdt`j Gjëadgf ]advmrsdt`rdf ^`jjèfjde* qum mstà `grmedtèf pfr @MAFY y gfkf h`dkpjàtèf ua sdstmk` em g`jdeè sdcudmaef j` afrk` DWF4??0* num ua` afvmeè* pums ùaqum ms em rmgdmatm pjàt`gd÷a y gè` eë` sm và dagfrpfràef aumvfs prfgm+sfs* mstà emkfstràef j` utdjdeè em mst` afrk`* p`r`mvdt`r mrrfrms y sfirm tfef p`r` dkpjàt`r ua`s iuma`s pràgtdg`s y ua` kmlfr` gfatdau` qum sda eue` rmeuaeà

ma imamndgdf em jfs trì`lèfrms qum tdmam magfkmaeèfsMj jmk` em j` rmspfasìdjdeè sm vdf ma mst`s Lfraè`sma efs vmrtdmatms* j` prdkmr` em mjj`s ma j` kms` sfirm vjfr`gd÷a em j`s edvmrs`s kfe`jdeèms em j` prmst`gd÷a emgudeèfs em j` manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf ma v`rd`s em sus vmrtdmatms* mkpmzàef pfr mj aàjdsds em j`s gùs`s em jfs ggdematms em trì`lf y j` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a em jfs manmrkmrfma mst` v`jfr`gd÷a! U`kidäa gfkf jfs manmrkmrfs qumtrì`là p`r` j` èkdadstr`gd÷a püijdg` mlmrgma sus gfk+ pmtmagd`s ma ednmrmatms kfe`jdeèms y j`s ednmrmagd`smxdstma matrm j`s èkdadstr`gdfams mst`t`jms* ùtfa÷kdg`y jfg`jms së gfkf j` sdtu`gd÷a gfatr`gtu`j ma gè` ua` emmjj`s ma guàtf `j rmgfafgdkdmatf em j` mspmgd`jdeè!

J` pràgtdg` emj mlmrgdgdf prfnmsdfa`j ma jfs Wmrvdgem _rmvmagd÷a @lmafs afs magfkdmae` ua prfnuaef mlmr

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Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 7+5Gfkdtä frcàdzèfrYmsukma y gfagjusdfams em j`s 8ª Lfraè`s A`gdfa`jms em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf

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gdgdf em mst` rmspfasìdjdeè* y` qum afs pmrkdtm dasdstdr ma qum ms tà dkpfrtàtm j` `tmagd÷a gfkf j` prmvmagd÷aem j` manmrkmeè ma j` pfij`gd÷a trì`lèfr`* pums tàdkpfrtàtm ms gur`r ` qudma jf amgmsdtm* gfkf mvdt`r qumjfs trì`lèfrms sàfs manmrkma!

Ufe`s mst`s rmspfasìdjdeèms t`kidäa tuvdmrfa ftr`nfrk` em mxprms`rsm* pums j` kms` sfirm j` magrugdlè` lurëedg` em j` manmrkmrë` emj trì lf* tr`z÷ ua` kpjd` vd+sd÷a em j` sdtu`gd÷a `gtu`j* p`rtdmaef emsem j` Gfastdtu+gd÷a Msp`ðfj` y ì`rgàef h`st` j` üjtdk` jmcdsj`gd÷a puijdgè` y g÷kf `nmgt` ` aumstrfs prfnmsdfa`jms! Wdaeue` num mst` kms` ua` em j`s qum kàs datmräs emspmrt÷ `jfs sdstmatms* pums ma mjj` sm pjàtm`rfa emi`tms sfirm sd+tu`gdfams rm`jms y sfirm j`s edndgujtèms em mlmrgmr aums+tr`s gfkpmtmagd`s prfnmsdfa`jms ma jfs ednmrmatms àkidtfsem trì`lf!

Ma ua`s lfraè`s prfnmsdfa`jms ma j`s qum af sm ìfremmj tmk` em j` davmstdc`gd÷a p`rmgm qum n`jt`sm `jcf* pmrfma mstm g`sf ma j` pfamagd` em gjùsur` sm ìfre÷ mj tmkèm j` Davmstdc`gd÷a Gu`jdt`tdv`* qum emspmrt÷ ua crà da+tmräs ma mj ùedtfrdf!

H`y qum rms`jt`r j` iuma` jìfr rm`jdzè` pfr mj GfkdtäGdmatëndgf* qum tuvdmrfa qum `pjdg`rsm p`r` gfanfrk`r j`kms` em gfkuadg`gdfams fr`jms* qum emkfstr`rfa mj crà

datmräs qum em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms p`r` e`r ` gfafgmr `j rmstfem sus gfkp`ðmrfs* jfs tmk`s m davmstdc`gdfams qum smmstàa pjàtmàef ma mj kfkmatf gtu`j! Ftr` n`gmt` aumv`ma mst`s Lfraè`s num j` èkdsd÷a t`kidäa em gfkuadg`+gdfams msgrdt`s* qum ma nfrk` em ‚p÷stmrms‛ numrfa mxpums+t`s euràtm j`s Lfraè`s y gfkmatè`s `kpjd`kmatm gfasus ùtfrms!

Mj Gfkdtä Gdmatëndgf tuvf ftr` jìfr ` rm`jdz`r* pumsem su emgdsd÷a empmaeëà jfs prmkdfs em davmstdc`gd÷a*qum p`trfgdaèfs pfr mj Gfjmcdf Fndgd`j em Manmrkmrë` em^ jjèfjde* prmkdìà gfa ua` eft`gd÷a mgfa÷kdg` ` j`s

kmlfrms gfkuadg`gdfams fr`jms y msgrdt`s* `së gfkf jfs‚`ggäsdt‛ ` `ki`s g`tmcfrë`s qum gfajjmvìà j` dasgrdp+gd÷a j`s pr÷xdk`s lfraè`s em j` @MU* qum së rmgfafgmy prmkd` j` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a em sus `sfgdèfs! Mj rmsujtèfnum mj sdcudmatm<

+ _rmkdf j` kmlfr gfkuadg`gd÷a fr`j< ‚Ur`stfrafs kus+gujfmsqumjätdgfs ma mj pmrsfa`j emj smrvdgdf em j`vàem+rë`‛! ]adeè Efgmatm Kujtdprfnmsdfa`j em Kurgd`!

+ ‚@ggmsdt‛ j` kmlfr gfkuadg`gd÷a fr`j< ‚Ymj`gd÷a matrmj` frcàdz`gd÷a emj trì`lf ma `sdstmagd` hfspdt`j`rd` y j`vde` jìfr`j em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs‛! N`gujtè emGGWW em j` ]advmrsdeè L`dkm D em G`stmjj÷a!

Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 7+5Gfkdtä frcàdzèfr

Ymsukma y gfagjusdfams em j`s 8ª Lfraè`s A`gdfa`jms em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`l

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+ _rmkdf ` j` kmlfr gfkuadg`gd÷a msgrdt`< ‚Crèf em gf+afgdkdmatf emj prftfgfjf em mjdkda`gd÷a em k`tmrd`jgfrtfpuazàtm‛ G!_!Y!J! Em @jkmrë`!

+ ‚@ggmsdt‛ j` kmlfr gfkuadg`gd÷a msgrdt`< ‚Mv`ju`gd÷em j` s`tdsn`ggd÷a jìfr`j ` jfs trì`lèfrms emj G!_!Y!J!Em Gàedz‛< G!_!Y!J! Em Gàedz!

_mrf gfkf af sfjf em j` ‚gdmagd`‛ gfastà ua`s Lfr+aè`s* t`kidäa tmamkfs qum nmjdgdt`rafs pfr mj p`smf guj+tur`j rm`jdzèf pfr j`s zfa`s emj ^`jjèfjde kfaukmat`j pfr efaem tr`sgurrm jm ‚Yut` emj Hmrmlm‛* qum num smcu pfr ua autrdef crupf em `sdstmatms qum kàdnmst`rfa ` j`frcàdz`gd÷a su `crèf pfr hìmrjf prfcr`kèf!

Emspuäs em mstm p`smf y ma mj tr`sgursf em j` gma` ec`j`* qum sm gmjmir÷ ma mj hftmj ‚K`rquäs em j` Masmaè`qum `j mst`r dast`jèf ma ua` àtdcu` nàirdg` em h`rda`s* pmrkdtd÷ qum vdär`kfs gfrrmr mj `cu` i`lf aumstrfs pdms*msf së* prftmcdefs pfr uafs iumafs grdst`jms sfirm jfs qumjfs kàs àdkèfs puedmrfa emkfstr`r su emstrmz` ma mj i`djm!

Gfkf gfagjusd÷a* mstm gfkdtä frcàdzèfr mstà s`tds+nmghf pfr hìmr pfedef jfcr`r p`r` aumstrfs gfkp`ðmrfsua`s Lfraè`s prfeugtdv`s* tàtf ` advmj gdmatëndgf gfkf

em edsnrutm em aumstr` gdueè* efaem sdmkprm smràa idvmadefs! @j kdskf tdmkpf* àdk`kfs `j Gfkdtä Frcàd+zèfr em j`s DX Lfraè`s p`r` qum edsnrutma prmp`ràaefj`s*qum jfs msnumrzfs qum gfajjmv` sm sdmatma cr`tdndgèguàef rmgdims ` jfs gfkp`ðmrfs y gfkprumi`s mj iuma`kidmatm qum sdmkprm rmda` ma aumstr`s `gtdvdeèms! Aumstrf kmlfr rmgumref p`r` tfefs jfs qum puedstmds sds+tdr!

H`st` sdmkprm!

Mj Gfkdtä Frcàdzèfr!



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@rtëgujf em rmvdsd÷a

J` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ma Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf

Ymsukma

@atmgmematmsJ` manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf ms ua` mspmgd`jdeè manmr+

kmr` qum ifre` jfs mstèfs em s`jue em jfs daedvdeufs masu rmj`gd÷a gfa mj kmedf jìfr`j! Matrm j`s nuagdfams qumems`rrfjj` sm magumatr` j` davmstdc`gd÷a! Wm hà ems`rrf+jjèf davmstdc`gdfams p`r` gfafgmr spmgtfs rmj`gdfaèfsgfa j` vdcdjàgd` em j` s`jue* èmgu`gd÷a em jfs pumstfsem trì`lf `j trì`lèfr* prmvmagd÷a em rdmscfs jìfr`jms*

mtg!2 qum hà gfatrdiudef ` kmlfr`r j` i`sm em gfafgdkdma+tfs emj àrm` em j` manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf!Wda mki`rcf* sm emst`g` qum jf qum h` efkdaèf ma j` da+vmstdc`gd÷a ma manmrkmrë` h` sdef mj usf emj manfqum guà+tdt`tdvf! Ma jfs üjtdkfs ðfs sm h` gfast`tèf ua ukmatfem j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ma manmrkmrë`* mxpjdgèf pfr j` edvmrsdeè em prfijmk`s y sdtu`gdfams em s`jue ymanmrkmeè qum af pumema smr ìfreèfs emsem pmrspmg+tdv`s pur`kmatm pfsdtdvdst`s!

Filmtdvf

Man`tdz`r mj v`jfr em j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` gfkfkätfef gdmatëndgf qum afs pmrkdtm prfnuaedz`r ma j` gfk+ prmasd÷a em prfgmsfs gfkpjmlfs ma mj g`kpf em j` davms+tdc`gd÷a ma s`jue* y em j` manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf ma p`rtdguj`r!

GfagjusdfamsJ` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ms ua` hmrr`kdmat` qum

pmrkdtm pfamr em kàdndmstf j`s pftmagd`jms edndgujtèms*rmstrdggdfams y fpfrtuadeèms emsem j` pmrspmgtdv` emj tr`+ i`lèfr! Em mstm kfef* ms em ütdj p`r` ìfre`r mj gfafgd+kdmatf em j`s mxpmrdmagd`s* grmmagd`s* v`jfrms* `gtdtuems*kftdv`gdfams* gfkpfrt`kdmatfs2 ms emgdr* msm gfkpfamatmgfkpjmlf em j` rm`jdeè hukà` qum sm msg`p` ` jfs das+trukmatfs aukärdgfs pmrf qum emimkfs datmat`r gfafgmr

gfa rdcfr y sdstmk`tdz`gd÷a sd qumrmkfs smr kmlfrms prf+nmsdfa`jms!

_`jìr`s Gj`vm< Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* davmstdc`gd÷agu`jdt`tdv`

@istr`gt

I`gbcrfuaeUhm hm`jth aursdac ds ` spmgd`jty aursm èermssms hm`j

st`tus fn daedvdeu`js da rmj`tdfa tf thm wfrbpj`gm! @kfacthm nm`turms ds rmsm`rgh emvmjfps! Davmstdc`tdfas h`vmemvmjfpme tf kmmt thm kfadtfrdac `spmgts fn hm`jth* ndamss fn thm wfrbmr lfis* fggup`tdfa`j s`nmty* mtg!!* Shdgh`vm hmjpme tf dkprfvm thm bafwjmecm i`sm da thm rm` fggup`tdfa`j hm`jth aursdac!Hfwmvmr* dt ds strmssme th`t wh`t h`s efkda`tme aursdacrmsm`rgh h`s imma thm usm fn ` quàtdt`tdvm `pprf`gh! D

rmgmat ym`rs wm h`vm smma à dagrm`sm fn qu`jdt`tdvm `rgh da aursdac* mxpj`dame iy thm edvmrsdty fn prfijmksàe sdtu`tdfas fn hm`jth ae djjamss th`t gà aft im eerms+sme purmjy pfsdtdvdst pmrspmgtdvms!

FilmtdvmsMkph`sdzm thm v`jum fn qu`jdt`tdvm rmsm`rgh `s ` sgdm

tdndg kmthfe `jjfws us tf emmpma fur uaemrstàedac fn gfkpjmx prfgmssms da thm ndmje fn hm`jth rmsm`rgh* àe asdac wfrb da p`rtdguj`r!

GfagjusdfasPu`jdt`tdvm rmsm`rgh ds ` tffj tf hdchjdcht thm pftmatd`j

ednndgujtdms* gfastr`dats àe fppfrtuadtdms nrfk thm pmr pmgtdvm fn thm wfrbmr! Uhus* dt ds usmnuj tf eermss thm

=Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< =+00C`rgë` dv`r* GJ` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ma Manmramrë` emj Urì`lf

@utfrms

C`rgë` dv`r* GrdstdaÈfgtfr` ma Manmrkmrë`

_rfnmsfr` ma j` N`gujtè em Manmrkmrë`]advmrsdeè em A`v`rr`

M k`dj< gc`rvdv`rOua`v!ms

Ur`zìdjdeè medtfrd`jYmgmpgd÷a< 04+00+9?09Ymvdsd÷a pfr p`rms< ?0+09+9?09@gmpt`gd÷a nda`j< 08+09+9?09

Gfrrmspfaemagd`Grdstda` C`rgë` dv`rGfrrmf Mjmgtr÷adgf< gc`rvdv`rOua`v!ms



Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< =+00C`rgë` dv`r* G

J` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ma Manmramrë` emj Urì`lf

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>

wjmecm fn thm mxpmrdmagms* imjdmns* v`jums* `ttdtuems* kftd+v`tdfas* imh`vdfrs* dm* th`t gfkpfamat gfkpjmx hukà rm+`jdty th`t msg`pms aukmrdg`j tffjs iut wm kust try tf bafwwdth rdcfr àe systmk`tdz`tdfa dn wm imgfkm imttmr prf+nmssdfa`js!

Bmy wfres < Hm`jth fggup`tdfa`j aursdac*qu`dt`tdvm da+vmstdc`tdfa!

Datrfeuggd÷a

‚J` manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf ms ua` mspmgd`jdeè manmr+kmr` qum ifre` jfs mstèfs em s`jue em jfs daedvdeufs masu rmj`gd÷a gfa mj kmedf jìfr`j* gfa mj filmtf em `jgàz`r mj kàs `jtf crèf em idmamst`r nësdgf* kmat`j y sfgd`j emj` pfij`gd÷a trì`lèfr`* tmadmaef ma gumat` j`s g`r`gtm+rëstdg`s daedvdeu`jms emj trì`lèfr* emj pumstf em trì`lfy emj matfraf sfgdf+jìfr`j ma qum ästm sm ems`rrfjj`‛(0$!Wmcüa mst` emndadgd÷a mxtr`ëe` em j` FremaW@W&0758&9??4* pfr j` qum sm `prumi` y puijdg` mj prf+cr`k` nfrk`tdvf em j` mspmgd`jdeè em manmrkmrë` emj tr`+ i`lf(0$* j`s nuagdfams emj manmrkmrf mspmgd`jdst` mamanmrkmrë` emj trì`lf sfa kuy edvmrs`s!

Em dcu`j kfef fgurrm gfa j` davmstdc`gd÷a ma mstmg`kpf em j` manmrkmrë`! Wm hà ems`rrfjjèf davmstdc`+gdfams p`r` gfafgmr spmgtfs rmj`gdfaèfs gfa j` vdcdjà+gd` em j` s`jue* èmgu`gd÷a em jfs pumstfs em trì`lf `jtrì`lèfr* prmvmagd÷a em rdmscfs jìfr`jms* datmrvmagdf+ams em urcmagd` ma mj matfraf jìfr`j* `së gfkf j` meug`+gd÷a y prfkfgd÷a em j` s`jue em jfs trì`lèfrms! Wda eue``jcua` mst`s davmstdc`gdfams hà gfatrdiudef kmlfr`r j` i`sm em gfafgdkdmatfs emj àrm` em j` manmrkmrë` emj tr`+ i`lf y t`kidäa ` ems`rrfjj`r datmrvmagdfams p`r` kmlfr`r jfs mstèfs em s`jue em jfs daedvdeufs ma su rmj`gd÷a gfamj kmedf jìfr`j!

Wda mki`rcf* emimkfs rms`jt`r qum jf qum h` efkd+aèf ma j` davmstdc`gd÷a ma manmrkmrë` h` sdef mj usf emjmanfqum guàtdt`tdvf(9+5$! Mstf af ms em mxtr`ð`r sd smgfasdemr` qum mj p`rèdck` efkdaàtm ma mj g`kpf em j`s`jue h` sdef mj pfsdtdvdst`! Af fistàtm* ma jfs üjtdkfs`ðfs sm h` gfast`tèf ua ùkmatf em j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`+jdt`tdv` ma manmrkmrë`(=$! Mstm gj`rf ùcm ` n`vfr em j` km+tfefjfcë` gu`jdt`tdv` sm mxpjdg` pfr j` edvmrsdeè em prfijmk`s y sdtu`gdfams em s`jue y manmrkmeè qum af pumema smr ìfreèfs emsem pmrspmgtdv`s pur`kmatm pf+sdtdvdst`s* sdaf qum emima èfpt`r ua manfqum kàs hfjës+tdgf qum pmrkdt` gfkprmaemr m datmrprmt`r j` rm`jdeè* yj`s mxpmrdmagd`s em j`s pmrsfa`s àtm ua` sdtu`gd÷a emtmr+kdaè`(>$!

Filmtdvf

Mj filmtdvf em mstm `rtëgujf ms man`tdz`r mj v`jfr em davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` gfkf kätfef gdmatëndgf qum afs pmrkdtm prfnuaedz`r ma j` gfkprmasd÷a em prfgmsfs gfk+ pjmlfs ma mj g`kpf em j` davmstdc`gd÷a ma s`jue* y em jmanmrkmrë` emj trì`lf ma p`rtdguj`r!

_`r` rmspfaemr mstm filmtdvf* mj prmsmatm kàusgrdtsm mstrugtur` ma efs cràems `p`rtèfs! Ma mj prdkmrf* sm prmsmatà j`s ednmrmatms trèdgdfams ma davmstdc`gd÷s`jue `së gfkf j` emndadgd÷a y g`r`gtmrëstdg`s em j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`! Ma mj smcuaef `p`rtèf* y gfa mj fi+ lmtdvf em `pfrt`r ua` vdsd÷a pràgtdg` em j` davmstdc`gd÷gu`jdt`tdv`* sm mxpfama jcuafs mlmkpjfs em mstuedfs gu`jdt`tdvfs jjmvèfs ` gìf ma mj àrm` em j` s`jue jìfr`j yem j` manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf ma p`rtdguj`r!

J` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdvÈdnmrmatms trèdgdfams ma davmstdc`gd÷a ma s`jue

J` davmstdc`gd÷a dagjuym ua crà aükmrf em pmrspmg+tdv`s* supumstfs* kmtfefjfcë`s y kätfefs gfagurrmatms!J` crà edvmrsdeè em prfijmk`s f sdtu`gdfams susgmptd+

ijms em davmstdc`gd÷a h`gm amgms`rdf manfqums ednmrma j` rm`jdz`gd÷a em jfs mstuedfs(3$! _femkfs hìj`r emefs p`rèdck`s prdagdp`jms! Mj p`rèdck` pfsdtdvdst`* mamj qum sm uidg` j` davmstdc`gd÷a guàtdt`tdv` y qum tr`t` eguàtdndg`r f kmedr v`rdìjms qum mxpjdquma j`s gùs`s emua emtmrkdaèf nma÷kmaf gfa daempmaemagd` em jfs mstèfs suilmtdvfs em j`s pmrsfa`s! _fr ftrf jèf* mj p`r`+edck` datmrprmt`tdvf* ma mj qum sm h`jj` j` davmstdc`gdgu`jdt`tdv` y qum tr`t` em emsgrdidr y gfkprmaemr g÷kf j`s pmrsfa`s sdmatma* pdmasà y gtüà rmspmgtf ` sdtu`gdfammvmatfs* nma÷kmafs y gfkpfrt`kdmatfs fismrvìjms(3$!

Mj hmghf em qum mxdst` edvmrsdeè matrm jfs efs p`redck`s af lustdndg` qum uaf sm` supmrdfr `j ftrf! @j gfa+tr`rdf* sm suir`y` j` gfkpjmkmat`rdmeè em jfs kdskfs p`r` cmamr`r gfafgdkdmatfs em edvmrsf tdpf(7$! Kdmatr`squm j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`* prfgmematm em j`s gdmasfgd`jms* `sukm ua` pfstur` nmafkmafj÷cdg` y suilmtdv`*j` davmstdc`gd÷a guàtdt`tdv`* prfgmematm em j`s gdmaga`tur`jms* `sukm ua` pfstur` em gfatrfj y filmtdvdeè(8$!_fr jf tàtf* j` mjmggd÷a em uaf em jfs efs p`rèdck`s em+ pmaem em j` prmcuat` pjàtmè` ma mj mstuedf! Ms emgdra`tur`jmz` emj nma÷kmaf ` smr mstuedèf ms mj qum emtmkda` quä kmtfefjfcë` ms j` kàs pmrtdamatm(4$!

Ma tärkdafs cmamr`jms gfavdmam `pjdg`r j` kmtfefjf+cë` gu`jdt`tdv` guàef j`s prmcuat`s qum suiy`gma sfa emjtdpf )quä ms jf qum sugmem) f )g÷kf sugmem)! Ma g`kidf*



Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< =+00C`rgë` dv`r* GJ` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ma Manmramrë` emj Urì`lf

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guàef j`s prmcuat`s `puatà ` )guàatf em `jcf mxdstm) y)g÷kf sm edstrdiuym ua nma÷kmaf ma ua` pfij`gd÷a) mskàs daedgè` j` kmtfefjfcë` guàtdt`tdv`!

Emndadgd÷a em j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`

Mj g`kpf em j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ms pjur`j maguàtf ` gfrrdmatms* kätfefs* tägadg`s* y t`kidäa maguàtf ` emndadgdfams! Ma `jcuafs g`sfs sm mxpfam gfkfua prfgmedkdmatf kmtfefj÷cdgf qum utdjdz` p`jìr`s* tmx+tfs* edsgursfs m dkàcmams p`r` gfkprmaemr j` vde` sfgd`j pfr kmedf em sdcadndgèfs y emsem ua` pmrspmgtdv` hfjës+

tdg`(0?$! Ma ftrfs g`sfs* gfkf ua tdpf em davmstdc`gd÷a p`r` j` fitmagd÷a em gfafgdkdmatf ` p`rtdr em j` vde` emj`s pmrsfa`s* j`s mxpmrdmagd`s vdvde`s* jfs gfkpfrt`kdma+tfs* j`s mkfgdfams y jfs smatdkdmatfs(00$! Ms emgdr* j` da+vmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` prfeugm e`tfs emsgrdptdvfs y rdgfsqum afs `yueà ` gfkprmaemr jfs nma÷kmafs em j` vde`gftdedà`!

Ma gu`jqudmr g`sf* sm tr`t` em ua` pmrspmgtdv` em gf+afgdkdmatf gdmatëndgf edaàkdg`* ìdmrt`* emsem mj gfatmxtfa`tur`j em jfs p`rtdgdpàtms* qum datmat` g`ptur`r jfs nma÷+kmafs ma su prfnuaedeè* iusgàef su rdqumz` m datma+

tàef mxpjdg`r su gfkpjmldeè em nfrk` hfjëstdg`! _fr jftàtf* pmrkdtm gfkprmaemr mj kuaef ‚em j` mxpmrdmagd`vdvde` emsem mj puatf em vdst` em j`s pmrsfa`s qum j`vdvma‛(09$! Ms emgdr* j` kmtfefjfcë` gu`jdt`tdv` af sm gma+tr` ma j` prmedggd÷a y gfatrfj em ua nma÷kmaf (mstuedf emv`rdìjms$ sdaf ma j` emsgrdpgd÷a rdcurfs` em j` mxpmrdmagd`gftdedà` (mstuedf em j`s pmrsfa`s$!

G`r`gtmrëstdg`s em j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`

Fpt`r pfr j` kmtfefjfcë` gu`jdt`tdv` gfajjmv` tmamr magumat` ua` smrdm em g`r`gtmrëstdg`s edstdatdv`s* matrm j`squm hìrë` qum rms`jt`r j`s sdcudmatms!Ma prdkmr juc`r* j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ms a`tur`jdst`y` qum mstued` j` rm`jdeè ma su gfatmxtf a`tur`j* t`j ygfkf sugmem y sda gfatrfj* datmatàef datmrprmt`r jfs nm+a÷kmafs em `gumref gfa jfs sdcadndgèfs qum tdmama p`r`j`s pmrsfa`s dkpjdgè`s ma msm gfatmxtf(3$! _fr ftrf jèf* iusg` matmaemr j` rm`jdeè suilmtdv` +emsem ematrf+* y` qumtr`t` em gfkprmaemr j`s vdsdfams qum mxdstma* emsem j` pmrspmgtdv` em jfs p`rtdgdpàtms* rmspmgtf em ‚sus rm`jde`+ems filmtdv`s‛! Ms emgdr* su filmtf gdmatëndgf ms mj ‚kuaefsuilmtdvf‛(07+05$* matmaedef gfkf jfs prfgmsfs ‚af fi+smrvìjms‛ gfkf pmas`kdmatfs* smatdkdmatfs* sdcadndgèfsy pmrgmpgdfams em jfs sulmtfs sfirm ua nma÷kmaf f mxpm+rdmagd` vdvde`!

Ftr` em j`s g`r`gtmrëstdg`s edstdatdv`s ms su edsmðf hf+jëstdgf* ma ua msnumrzf pfr gfkprmaemr j` tft`jdeè emj nma÷kmaf f `gfatmgdkdmatf em datmräs* `së gfkf su edsmðfdatmr`gtdvf y` qum gfatmkpj` j`s sdtu`gdfams hukà`sgfkf ua prfgmsf em datmr`ggd÷a gfatdau`* ma vmz em dsj`ruafs guàtfs n`gtfrms emj nma÷kmaf mstuedèf y mtdqum+t`rjf ma ua msqumk` gùs`+mnmgtf(0=$! @emkàs* j` davmtdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` sm g`r`gtmrdz` pfr ua edsmðf mkmrcmay njmxdijm* susgmptdijm em è`pt`rsm ` jf qum sm emsgueuràtm j` rmgfcde` em e`tfs p`r` j` fitmagd÷a em danfr+k`gd÷a rmjmvàtm!

Mxdstma aukmrfs`s nfrk`s em davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`*

smcüa mj edsmðf qum sm utdjdgm! Ma mstm smatdef* gè` eemtmrkda` spmgtfs tà dkpfrtàtms gfkf jfs kätfefs emrmgfcde` y ààjdsds em e`tfs* y j` datmrprmt`gd÷a em jfs kdskfs! Grmswmjj smð`j` j` mxdstmagd` em gdagf cràems ‚trèdgdfams‛ ma j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` matrm j`s quemst`g` mj ààjdsds idfcràndgf* j` prfxdk`gd÷a nmafkmaf+j÷cdg`* j` emafkdaè` tmfrë` nuae`kmatè`* j` mtafcr`në`y mj mstuedf em g`sfs(0>$!

Wdcudmaef gfa j`s g`r`gtmrëstdg`s edstdatdv`s em j` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`* gìm rms`jt`r su frdmat`gd÷a `j emguirdkdmatf ` tr`väs em ua prfgmsf daeugtdvf! Ms emgdr*

af utdjdz` g`tmcfrë`s prmmstìjmgde`s sdaf qum sm ems`rrfjjà gfagmptfs y sm mstìjmgma j`s i`sms em tmfrë`s p`rtdrem jfs e`tfs rmgfcdefs! _`r` mjjf rmqudmrm ua` datmr`ggd÷gfastàtm matrm j` rmgfcde` y mj ààjdsds em jfs e`tfs!

Pudzà ua` em j`s g`r`gtmrëstdg`s kàs gfafgde`s ma mjedsmðf gu`jdt`tdvf ms mj tdpf em kätfef f tägadg` utdjdzè` p`r` j` rmgfcde` em e`tfs! @së pums* jfs kätfefs kàs mk+ pjmèfs ma j` davmstdc`gd÷a ma s`jue sfa j` matrmvdst`(smkd+mstrugtur` f ma prfnuaedeè$* j` fismrv`gd÷a y jfscrupfs nfg`jms(0>$! Mstfs kätfefs pmrkdtma gfafgmr ma prfnuaedeè ua` sdtu`gd÷a f ua nma÷kmaf* y` sm` em k`+amr` daedvdeu`j* crup`j f gfjmgtdv`(03$! @ tr`väs em mstfkätfefs sm prmtmaem fitmamr e`tfs em pmrsfa`s* gfatmxtfsf sdtu`gdfams ma prfnuaedeè* gfa j`s prfpd`s ‚nfrk`s emmxprmsd÷a‛ em gè` uaf em mjjfs!

Gfa rmspmgtf j davmstdcèfr* gìm rms`jt`r qum ästm m‚dastrukmatf‛ em j` davmstdc`gd÷a y sm rmj`gdfa` gfa j`s pmrsfa`s p`r` fitmamr e`tfs sdcadndg`tdvfs(08$! Em mst`kàmr`* mj davmstdcèfr sm rmgfafgm gfkf p`rtm emj prf+gmsf em davmstdc`gd÷a y utdjdz` j` rmnjmxdvdeè gfkf msttmcd` p`r` c`ràtdz`r j` g`jdeè y mj rdcfr ma ua mstuedfgu`jdt`tdvf(08+04$!

_fr üjtdkf* gfkf ma tfef prfgmsf gdmatëndgf* j` davms+tdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` t`kidäa mxdcm smcudr uafs grdtmrdfs eg`jdeè y rdcfr* qum sfa edstdatfs ` jfs em jfs mstuedfsguàtdt`tdvfs(04$!





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Ma emndadtdv`* gfafgmr j`s g`r`gtmrëstdg`s mspmgëndg`s em j`davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ms nuae`kmat`j `j dcu`j qum jfsms gfafgmr jfs filmtdvfs em j` kmtfefjfcë` gu`jdt`tdv`! Mamstm smatdef* v`rd`s r`zfams jjmvà ` ua davmstdcèfr ` ed+smð`r ua mstuedf gu`jdt`tdvf! _umem tmamr ua filmtdvf p`r`j` dematdndg`gd÷a em nma÷kmafs* ua prfp÷sdtf emsgrdptdvf*f idma j` amgmsdeè em mxpjfr`r gfa k`yfr prfnuaedeèua gfatmgdkdmatf! U`kidäa pumem smr amgms`rd` j` mxpjd+g`gd÷a em ua nma÷kmaf emtmrkdaèf f j` amgmsdeè emgfkpjmkmat`r j` danfrk`gd÷a em ua mstuedf guàtdt`tdvfgfa j` em ftrfs edsmðfs(3$!

Mlmkpjfs em mstuedfs gu`jdt`tdvfs ma Manmrkmrë` emj Ur`+ i`lf

@ p`rtdr em jfs pjàtm`kdmatfs prmvd`kmatm mxpumstfsy ` kfef em `pfrt`gd÷a pràgtdg`* ` gfatdau`gd÷a sm mxpf+ama `jcuafs mlmkpjfs em mstuedfs gu`jdt`tdvfs rm`jdzèfsma mj àkidtf em j` s`jue jìfr`j y em j` manmrkmrë` emj tr`+ i`lf ma p`rtdguj`r!

]a àrm` ma j` qum j` kmtfefjfcë` gu`jdt`tdv` sm h`kfstrèf em utdjdeè ms ma mj g`kpf em j` prmvmagd÷a emrdmscfs jìfr`jms! @së pfr mlmkpjf* ma 9?00* ua crupf emmanmrkmr`s ir`sdjmð`s* rmgfafgdmaef mj hmghf em qum mjtmamr gfafgdkdmatfs sfirm jfs rdmscfs ma mj `kidmatm emtrì`lf af sdmkprm c`ràtdz` mj usf em kmede`s prftmgtf+r`s* qudsf à`jdz`r j`s r`zfams* `gtdtuems y grmmagd`s emjfs trì`lèfrms em manmrkmrd` rmnmrmatms ` j` èhmsdfa `jfs mqudp`kdmatfs em prftmggdfa daedvdeu`j(9?$! _`r` mjjf*sm jjmv÷ ` gìf ua mstuedf mxpjfr`tfrdf* em ìfre`lm gu`+jdt`tdvf* ma ua hfspdt`j cmamr`j em j` rmcdfa gmatrf fmstmem Ir`sdj! Ma mj mstuedf p`rtdgdp`rfa ua tft`j em 0= danfr+kàtms* matrm manmrkmrfs* tmgadgfs y ùxdjd`rms em manmr+kmrd qum pmrtmamgëà `j mqudpf pmrkàmatm emj hfspdt`j!Jfs e`tfs numrfa rmgfcdefs pfr kmedf em trms crupfs nf+g`jms* gfkpumstfs em gdagf prfnmsdfa`jms gè` uaf! Emjààjdsds em jfs e`tfs surcdmrfa efs g`tmcfrd`s tmk` tdg`s(‚smcurdeè ma mj trì`lf‛ y ‚rmj`gdfams datmrpmrsfa`jms‛$!

Jfs rmsujtèfs emj mstuedf kfstr`rfa v`rd`s i`rrmr`squm datmrnmrëà ma j`s gumstdfams em smcurdeè y prftmggdfadaedvdeu`j gfkf mrà j` gfkuadg`gdfa* j` sfirmg`rc` emtrì`lf* j` mstrugtur` ndsdg`* j` `ggmsdidjdeè ` jfs mqudp`+kdmatfs em prftmggdfa y `spmgtfs frcàdz`gdfa`jms y è+kdadstr`tdvfs! @së sm rmnjml` ma ua mxtr`gtf em uaf em jfs p`rtdgdpàtms emj mstuedf em Amvms y gfjìfrèfrms(9?$<‚R!!![ mj kidmatm ma qum afsftr`s trì`l`kfs tdmam tfefsjfs edndgujtèfrms pfsdijms* pfrqum afsftr`s trì`l`kfsgfa ua` sfirmg`rc` em trì`lf kuy pmsè`* gfa p`gdmatmsgrfadgfs!!! gfa n`jt` em k`tmrd`j* j` edstàgd` em iusg`r

jfs k`tmrd`jms* j` n`rk`gd` qum `tr`s`* qum emkfr` qum!!! tfef edndgujt` (C9$‛!_fr ftrf jèf* sm mvdemagd÷ qum j`s `gtdvdeèms em tr` i`lf qum gfajjmvìà mstrms y gfanjdgtf cmamrìà emskf+tdv`gdf a y sm prmsmatìà gfkf n`gtfrms emtmrkdaàtms p`r` j` af èhmsdfa jfs mqudp`kdmatfs em prftmggdfa* jfqum mxpfaë` tfe`vd` k` s ` jfs prfnmsdfa`jms ` jfs rdmscfsfgup`gdfa`jms y `ggdematms ma mj trì`lf! @së jf rmgfcm msdcudmatm mxtr`gtf em ua` em j`s p`rtdgdpàtms ma ua crupnfg`j(9?$<R!!![ tfef mj mstrm s qum afsftr`s vdvdkfs ma j`s datmrgfam+ xdfams emj `kidmatm em trì`lf* gfa jìfr`tfrdf* YX* au+

trdgdf a* n`rk`gd`* prfpdgd` mstrm s sd af tdmam ua`gfkuadg`gdf a qum njuy` tràqudj`kmatm* emsgfatrfj`mkfgdfa`jkmatm ` t`j puatf qum ustme sm prmedspfam `k` s `ggdematms (C9$!

@j à`jdz`r j`s r`zfams* `gtdtuems y grmmagd`s em jfstrì`lèfrms sfirm j` èhmrmagd` ` jfs mqudp`kdmatfs em prftmggd÷a* sm gfast`t÷ qum jfs crupfs gfafgëà jfs rdms+cfs jfs qum mstìà mxpumstfs ma mj `kidmatm em trì`lf* pmrf af sdmkprm msm gfafgdkdmatf mr` sundgdmatm p`r mt`r j` mxpfsdgdfa* rmvmjàef ua` susgmptdidjdeè j rdmscf!_fr jf tàtf* jfs ùtfrms gfagjuymrfa qum j` èhmsdfa jfsmqudp`kdmatfs em prftmggdfa sm emtmrkdaì` tàtf pfr mjgfatmxtf mxpmrdkmatèf ma mj `kidmatm em trì`lf* gfkf pfr v`jfrms y grmmagd`s daedvdeu`jms2 sda mki`rcf* j` emgdsdfa emj usf em jfs mqudp`kdmatfs em prftmggdfa mr` da+edvdeu`j(9?$!

Mstm mstuedf h` pmrkdtdef gfkprmaemr kmlfr jfs n`g+tfrms datrdasmgfs y mxtrdasmgfs ma mj `kidmatm em trì`lf`së gfkf j`s grmmagd`s y j` tfk` em emgdsdfams p`r` j` prf+tmggdfa ma trì`lèfrms em manmrkmrë`! Mstfs e`tfs sfa emdatmräs p`r` qum pfe`kfs rmnjmxdfa`r sfirm j` pr`gtdg` emj`s kmede`s prmvmatdv`s ma jf gftdedàf emj mqudpf em mnmrkmrd` y edrmggdfa`r mstr`tmcd`s qum prfpdgdma j` dagfr pfr`gdfa em aumv`s kmede`s ma jfs smrvdgdfs em s`jue!

Ma mst` kdsk` jëam` em j` prmvmagd÷a em rdmscfs jìf+r`jms* ua mqudpf em manmrkmr`s v`jmagdà`s* datmrmsma dkpjàt`r mstr`tmcd`s prmvmatdv`s mnmgtdv`s p`r` kmlr`r mj idmamst`r psdgfj÷cdgf em manmrkmr`s em tràspjàtmems`rrfjj÷ ma 9??= ua mstuedf gu`jdt`tdvf p`r` emtmrkda`r jfs mstrmsfrms jìfr`jms pmrgdidefs pfr j`s manmrkmr`s qumtrì`lìà ma àrm`s emedgè`s `j tr`spjàtm em ÷rc`+afs(90$! _`r` rmspfaemr `j filmtdvf emj mstuedf* sm rm`jdz`rfa smds crupfs em edsgusd÷a* gfkpumstf gè` uaf emmjjfs pfr 0? manmrkmr`s pmrtmamgdmatms ` edstdatfs hfsp

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Wmcüa jfs e`tfs emj mstuedf* jfs prdagdp`jms mstrmsfrmsdematdndgèfs numrfa jfs rmj`gdfaèfs gfa j` sfirmg`rc` emtrì`lf* j` prmsd÷a em tdmkpf* mj gfat`gtf gfa j` kumrtm ysunrdkdmatf* j` n`jt` em `pfyf pfr p`rtm em jfs gfkp`ðmrfsy ftrfs prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs* y jfs prfijmk`s em datm+rrmj`gd÷a gfa jfs p`gdmatms y sus n`kdjd`rms! Wm mvdemagd÷t`kidäa ua` n`jt` em danfrk`gd÷a p`r` e`r rmspumst` ` j`s prmcuat`s nfrkujè s pfr jfs p`gdmatms y n`kdjd`rms* sfirmsu mstèf gjëadgf y prfa÷stdgf* së gfkf j` n`jt` em nfrk`+

gd÷a mspmgëndg` p`r` prmst`r jfs gudeèfs amgms`rdfs j p`+gdmatm prm y tr`spjàtèf! Em mst` kàmr`* mstm mstuedf`pfrt` mvdemagd` p`r` pjàdndg`r nutur`s datmrvmagdfams prmvmatdv`s y kmede`s kidmat`jms tmaematms rmeugdr jfsn`gtfrms em rdmscf psdgfsfgd`j* ma vdst`s mvdt`r `jtmr`gdf+ams ma j` g`jdeè em vde` em mstm gfjmgtdvf!

Ftrfs mstuedfs gu`jdt`tdvfs hà sdef puijdgèfs rmgdma+tmkmatm* `pfrtàef tfefs mjjfs rmsujtèfs datmrmsàtms p`r` j` prmvmagd÷a em jfs rdmscfs jìfr`jms(99+9=$!

U`kidäa sm mstàa jjmvàef gìf mstuedfs gu`jdt`tdvfssfirm mj gjdk` jìfr`j y su rmpmrgusd÷a ma j` s`jue em jfs

trì`lèfrms! Ms mj g`sf emj mstuedf puijdgèf ma 9?09 maj` Ymvdst` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* sfirm j` pmrgmpgd÷a emjfs manmrkmrfs sfirm mj usf em j`s hìdjdeèms rmj`gdfa`+jms+gfkuadg`tdv`s ma j`s rmj`gdfams datmrpmrsfa`jms(9>$!Jfs rmsujtèfs em mstm mstuedf mvdemagd`rfa qum guàefmxdstm nmmjdac matrm jfs gfkp`ðmrfs y guàef j` `gfcde`` jfs aumvfs sm h`gm emsem j` mkp`të`* mj nmmei`gb y mjkätfef em rmsfjugd÷a em prfijmk`s* jfs smrvdgdfs sm g`+r`gtmrdzà pfr tmamr ua`s iuma`s rmj`gdfams! _fr mj gfa+tr`rdf* j`s k`j`s rmj`gdfams danjuyma ma j` vde` pmrsfa`jem jfs prfnmsdfa`jms y sm frdcdaà pfr küjtdpjms gùs`sgfkf `gtdtuems amc`tdv`s* mxdcmagd`s em j` èkdadstr`gd÷ay n`jt` em gj`rdeè em jfs kmas`lms! @emkàs* jfs prfijm+k`s frcàdz`tdvfs rmnmrdefs ` j` n`jt` em gfkuadg`gd÷a*mxgmsdv` kfvdjdeè (vfjàtms$ f mj turaf rft`tfrdf sfa rms+ pfasìjms em j`s k`j`s rmj`gdfams y em j` emskftdv`gd÷aem kughfs prfnmsdfa`jms! J` danfrk`gd÷a fitmade` ma mstmmstuedf pumem smr j` i`sm p`r` prfnuaedz`r* kmedàtm täg+adg`s edgdfa`jms em g`ràgtmr guàtdt`tdvf* ma j` g`jdeè emj`s rmj`gdfams jìfr`jms em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` s`jue*ma vdst`s em j` `gtu`j prmg`rdmeè jìfr`j y em su rmpmrgu+sd÷a sfirm j` s`jue!

Ma emndadtdv`* jfs mstuedfs gu`jdt`tdvfs prmsmatèfs`quë prfpfrgdfaà pmrspmgtdv`s qum af sm huidmsma jgà+zèf gfa jfs kätfefs guàtdt`tdvfs! _fr jf tàtf* ms dams+tdkìjm j` dkpfrtàgd` emrdvè` em gfafgmr j`s fpdadfams

y j`s mxpmrdmagd`s emsem mj puatf em vdst` em jfs usu`rd`së gfkf em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms qum trì`là ma mstm g`kpf!Wda mki`rcf* gìm rms`jt`r j` msg`s` mvdemagd` em mstuedgu`jdt`tdvfs advmj a`gdfa`j ma mj g`kpf em j` manmrkmrëemj trì`lf! Mstm hmghf emim smrvdr em lustdndg`gd÷a p`kpjd`r y ednuaedr mstuedfs gu`jdt`tdvfs qum smà em datmräs p`r` j` prfnmsd÷a* y mspmgd`jkmatm qum `pfrtma mvdegd` gdmatdndg` sfirm nma÷kmafs mkmrcmatms pfgdavmstdcèfs!

Gfagjusdfams

Ma mj ems`rrfjjf y j` prmst`gd÷a em gudeèfs ms amgms`rdf qum jfs prfnmsdfa`jms gfafzg`kfs j`s fpdadfams yjfs prfijmk`s em aumstrfs gjdmatms ma su gfatmxtf sfgdf+gujtur`j* p`r` jfcr`r qum j` prmst`gd÷a sm` rmjmvàtm y smasdijm nrmatm ` sus pmrspmgtdv`s y amgmsdeèms!

J` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` ms ua` hmrr`kdmat` qum pmrkdtm pfamr em kàdndmstf j`s pftmagd`jms edndgujtèrmstrdggdfams y fpfrtuadeèms emsem j` pmrspmgtdv` eusu`rdf! Em mstm kfef* j` kmtfefjfcë` gu`jdt`tdv` ms emutdjdeè p`r` pfrt`r e`tfs qum yuema prfpfrgdfa`r aum+v`s pmrspmgtdv`s gfa j`s qum trì`l`r!

J` mvdemagd` j` qum afs irm ggmsf j` davmstdc`gd÷agu`jdt`tdv` ms j` em j`s mxpmrdmagd`s* grmmagd`s* v`jf`gtdtuems* kftdv`gdfams* gfkpfrt`kdmatfs2 ms emgdr* mgfkpfamatm gfkpjmlf em j` rm`jdeè hukà` qum sm ms+g`p` ` jfs dastrukmatfs aukärdgfs pmrf qum emimkfs da+tmat`r gfafgmr gfa rdcfr y sdstmk`tdz`gd÷a sd qumrmkfs smrkmlfrms prfnmsdfa`jms!

Ma emndadtdv`* sd emsm`kfs fnrmgmr gudeèfs em g`jdemimkfs smcudr prfnuaedzàef ma j`s trms àrm`s emj jmk`qum rmgfcma j`s ^DDD Lfraè`s A`gdfa`jms em Manmrkmemj Urì`lf< ‚Nfrk`gd÷a* G`jdeè* Ymspfasìdjdeè‛!

Gfa rmspmgtf ` j` nfrk`gd÷a* sda eue`* mxdstm ua grmgdmatm datmräs ma manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf pfr j` nfrk`gd÷ma davmstdc`gd÷a! T emsem j` nfrk`gd÷a MDY sm hà em`rrfjjèf prfcr`k`s em nfrk`gd÷a ma davmstdc`gd÷a* efaemj` davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv` t`kidäa mstà prmsmatm! Mxdstèmkàs ftrfs rmgursfs nfrk`tdvfs gfkf gursfs prmsmagd`+jms fnrmgdefs pfr dastdtugdfams y hfspdt`jms* lfraè`s ygfacrmsfs frdmatèfs `j ems`rrfjjf em j` davmstdc`gd÷a mamanmrkmrë`* y gursfs fajdam sfirm davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`td(gfkf pfr mlmkpjf mj gursf ‚Datrfeuggd÷a ` j` davmstdc`+gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`‛ em j` ]advmrsdeè em A`v`rr`* mj ‚Gursfem Kmtfefjfcë` em Davmstdc`gd÷a Gu`jdt`tdv`‛ em j` Nua+e`gd÷a Daemx‛* f gursfs fnrmgdefs pfr j` Yme em Davmstc`gd÷a Gu`jdt`tdv` ma W`jue (YMEDGW$ emj DastdtutfW`jue G`rjfs DDD$!





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_fr üjtdkf* gìm rms`jt`r j` dkpfrtàgd` em aumstr` rms+ pfasìdjdeè p`rèdnuaedr jfs rmsujtèfs em j` davmstdc`+gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`! Mstf pmrkdtm vàz`r ma mj gfafgdkdmatf

gdmatëndgf* prfnuaedz`r sfirmaumvfs nma÷kmafs f pjdg`r jfs rmsujtèfs ` j pràgtdgprfnmsdfa`j! Ma mst` jëam`*jàumv` Ymvdst` emManmrkmr ë` emj Urì`lf fnrmgm* emsemmj9?00* ua` mxgmjmatm pj`t`nfrk` p`r` ednuaedr y gà`jdz`r j` davmstdc`gd÷ama mstm àk idtf em `gtu`gd÷a93!

_`r` gfagjudr* mj ems`rr fjjf y edvujc`gd÷a emj gfafgd+kdmatf y prfgmedkdmatfs manmrkmrfs ma mj g`kpf jìfr`jms ua` prdfrdeè! @së jf hrmnjmlèf t`kidäa Lujdf emIm+adtf* prmsdematmemj Gfkdtä Frcàdzèfr em j`s ^DDDLfr+aè`s A`gdfa jms em Man mrkmrë` emj Urì`lf gmjmir è`sma `jjèfjde mj 9> y 93 em fgtuirm em 9?0998! Em t`jk`+amr` qum* ma j`kmede` qum jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em manmrkmrëèmj trì`lf h cà kàs vdsdijm su gfatrdiugd÷a ` j`s`jueem j`s pmrsfa`s trì`lèf r`s* mj dkp`gtf y rmgfafgdkdmatf prfnmsdfa`j smrà k`yfr!

Idijdfcr`në`

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9! Girmrf L*Ydgh`rt K! Mj emi`tm davmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`+tdv`nrmatm davmstdc`gd÷a guàtdt`tdv`!Manmrkmrë` Gjë+adg! 044>* >< 909+903!

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>! ^dv`r GC* @ràtz`kmaed K* J÷pmz+Edg`stdjjf F*Cfref G! J` tmfrë` nuae`kmatè` gfkf kmtfefjfcë` emdavmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`! Daemx em Manmrkmrë`! 9?04(5$< 987+988!

3! @ràtz`kmaed K* J÷pmz+Edg`stdjjf F* ^dv`r GC! Da+

vmstdc`gd÷a gu`jdt`tdv`! Kàu`j p`r` prdagdpdàtms! _`k+ pjfa`* Medgdfams Mua`tm* 9?09!

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93! Gfrimjjm Àjv`rmz LK! A`gm j` Ymvdst` Manmrkmrë` eUrì`lf! Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf! 9?00* 0(0$< 7!

98! @a÷adkf! ‚H`y qum ems`rrfjj`r gfkpmtmagd`s ma im+amndgdf em jfs trì`lèfrms‛! Kuaef Wàdt`rdf 0+0= fgtu+ irm em 9?09* pp!09!



Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 09+04Wàtfs _fsè`* @* G`jvf Wàaghmz* KE

@gtu`jdz`gd÷a emj g÷edcf em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* gfrem gfa jfs tdmkpfsy jmyms vdcmatms* tmafr emj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`j em j` Kmedgda` emj Ur

09

09

@gtu`jdz`gd÷a emj g÷edcf em Manmrmkrë` emjUrì`lf* `gfrem gfa jfs tdmkpfs y jmyms

vdcmatms* ` tmafr emj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`jem j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf


@utfrms

Wàtfs _fsè`* @r`gmjdManmrkmr` emj Urì`lf

G`jvf Wàaghmz* K`rë` EfjfrmsEdrmgtfr` em j` N`gujtè em Manmrkmrë` y Ndsdftmr`pd

]advmrsdeè em W`j`kàg`

Ur`zìdjdeè medtfrd`jYmgmpgd÷a< 94+0?+9?09Ymvdsd÷a pfr p`rms< 05+00+9?09@gmpt`gd÷a nda`j< 97+00+9?09

Gfrrmspfaemagd`@r`gmjd Wàtfs _fsè`Manmrkmr` emj Urì`lfWmgrmt`rd` Cmamr`j @MU`r`gmjdsàtfsOmanmrkmrdèmjtr i`lf!gfk

Ymsukma

Mstm `rtëgujf à`jdz` j` amgmsdeè em ua` rmvdsd÷a y`gtu`jdz`gd÷a emj G÷edcf Emfatfj÷cdgf em Manmrkmrë`*kàs `gfrem gfa j` rm`jdeè emj kfkmatf* gfa ua` Mspm+gd`jdeè Manmrkmr` y` mxdstmatm* gfkf ms j` Manmrkmrëèmj Urì`lf* qum cfz` em ua` daempmaemagd` y ua crèfem gu`jdndg`gd÷a mjmvèf gfas`crèf pfr afrk`!

Wm prmtmaem rm`jdz`r ua mstuedf em ààjdsds gfkp`r`+tdvf gfa mj G÷edcf Emfatfj÷cdgf Datmra`gdfa`j p`r` jfs_rfnmsdfa`jms em j` Kmedgda` emj trì`lf (GDKU$ y mj emmanmrkmr`s (GDM$ puijdgèfs ma 9??9 y 9??> rmspmgtdv`+

kmatm* sus mauagdèfs sfa sdkdj`rms* sus prdagdpdfs cmam+r`jms gfdagdema* j` ednmrmagd` qum sm pmrgdim* ms ma guàtf` j` mxprmsd÷a em jfs prdagdpdfs y edrmgtrdgms* af sfa tfefjf pr÷xdkf qum qudsdär`kfs ` j` pràgtdg` manmrkmr`* kdma+tr`s qum ma mj g÷edcf GDKU jfs mauagdèfs sm dematdndgàma k`yfr kmede` gfa j` pràgtdg` käedg`!

Hmkfs filmtdvèf qum mxdstm kuy pfg` idijdfcr`në` jrmspmgtf* pfr jf qum sm i`s` ma j` prfpd` mxpmrdmagd`* jàfrk`tdv` vdcmatm y j` kàf damstdkìjm em j` Efgtrda`hìde` ma mj tmk`!

@üa sdmaef mst` mspmgd`jdeè em j`s kàs àtdcu`s rm+gfafgde`s y em k`yfr rmgfrrdef ma aumstrf p`ës* gfa ua`snuagdfams kuy emtmrkdaè`s* g`rmgmkfs em e`tfs filmtd+vìjms qum sustmatma mst` `gtdvdeè prfnmsdfa`j!Ms pfr mjjf qum ma mj trì`lf davmstdcèfr sm mauagd` ua`

prfpumst` em amgms`rd` grm`gd÷a em G÷edcf Emfatfj÷cdgem j` Mspmgd`jdeè ma Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* qum sd igfdagdem gfa jfs mauagdèfs ma mj g÷edcf GDM* pfr j`s pmgujd`rdeèms qum `gfkp`ðà ` aumstr` prfnmsd÷a manmr+kmr` y pfr jfs g`kidfs qum sm hà prfeugdef tàtf ` advmjsfgd`j* gfkf pfjëtdgf jmcdsj`tdvf mtg! rmqudmrm ua pjàtmkdmatf kàs prfnuaef y mspmgëndgf ` edghfs g÷edcfs!

_`jìr`s gj`vm< Manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf* g÷edcf emfatf+j÷cdgf emj trì`lf* ätdg` prfnmsdfa`j manmrkmr`!

@istr`gt

Uhds rtdgjm edsgussms thm amme nfr rmvdmw ae upefn thm Gfem fn Mthdgs fn Aursdac* kfrm da jdam wdth thrm`jdty fn thm kfkmat* wdth mxdstdac Aursm Wpmgd`jdst*`s thm Fggup`tdfa`j Hm`jth Aursdac* whdgh malfys ` em+crmm fn daempmaemagm àe ` emedg`tme hdch qu`jdndg` iy rujm!

Dt gfasdsts da ` stuey fn gfkp`r`tdvm à`jysds wdth thmDatmra`tdfa`j Gfem fn Mthdgs nfr _rfnmssdfa`j Fggup`tdf+a`j Hm`jth (DGFH$ àe thm Aursms (DGA$ puijdshme d9??9 àe 9??> rmspmgtdvmjy* thmdr st`tmkmats `rm sdkdjdts cmamr`j prdagdpjms gfdagdem* thm ednnmrmagm pmds ìfut thm mxprmssdfa fn thm prdagdpjms àe cudemjdam



Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 09+04Wàtfs _fsè`* @* G`jvf Wàaghmz* KE@gtu`jdz`gd÷a emj g÷edcf em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* gfrem gfa jfs tdmkpfsy jmyms vdcmatms* tmafr emj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`j em j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf

07

07

aft mvmrythdac wm wàtme amxt tf aursdac pr`gtdgm* whm+rm`s GDKU gfem st`tmkmats `rm dematdndme kfrm wdth km+edg`j pr`gtdgm!Sm fismrvme th`t thmrm ds jdttjm jdtmr`turm fa thm suilmgt*sf dt ds i`sme fa mxpmrdmagm* gurrmat jmcdsj`tdfa àe thmEfgtrdam dav`juìjm hàe vdmw fa thm suilmgt!Mvma `s thds spmgd`jty fn thm fjemst àe kfst rmgfcadzmetr`vmj da fur gfuatry* wdth vmry spmgdndg nuagtdfas* filmg+tdndìjm j`gb e`t` tf suppfrt thds prfnmssdfa!

Uh`t ds why thm rmsm`rgh wfrb smts fut ` prfpfs`j nfr grm`tdac amgmss`ry Gfem fn Mthdgs fn thm Wpmgd`jty Aur+sdac Jìfur th`t whdjm k`tgh thfsm gfat`dame da thm DGE* iy thm pmgujd`rdtdms th`t `ggfkpày fur aursdac prfnms+

sdfa àe thm ghàcms th`t h`vm fggurrme ifth sfgd`jjy* pf+jdtdg`jjy mtg! jmcdsj`turm! rmqudrms ` kfrm emt`djme àespmgdndg tf thm gfems!

Bmywfres< Aursdac jìfr* jìfr gfem fn mthdgs* prfnms+sdfa`j mthdgs aursm!

Datrfeuggd÷a

J` Gfkdsd÷a Datmra`gdfa`j em Kmedgda` emj Urì`lfmj `ðf 9??9* fptf pfr v`rd`s r`zfams ma j` mjìfr`gd÷a em

ua G÷edcf emfatfj÷cdgf datmra`gdfa`j p`r` jfs prfnmsdf+a`jms mspmgd`jdst`s em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf matmaedmaefmst`* gfkf käedgfs&`s y manmrkmrfs&`s* ednmrmagdèf emjfs g÷edcfs emfatfj÷cdgfs prfpdfs em ki`s prfnmsdfams!

]a` em ms`s r`zfams qum sulmt` j` prfkujc`gd÷a y vd+cmagd`* ms mj grmgdmatm rmgfafgdkdmatf em j`s rmspfasìd+jdeèms gfkpjml`s y ma fg`sdfams gfkp`rtde`s em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` smcurdeè m hdcdmam ma mj trì`lf nrmatm` jfs trì`lèfrms* j`s mkprms`s* mj püijdgf* j`s ùtfrde`+ems ma k`tmrd` em s`jue püijdg` y trì`lf y ftr`s matdeèmsgfkf j` smcurdeè sfgd`j y jfs pfemrms luedgd`jms!

Ftr` em j`s r`zfams ms mj grmgdmatm aükmrf em prfnm+sdfa`jms em j` smcurdeè m hdcdmam ma mj trì`lf (Käedgfsemj Urì`lf y Manmrkmrfs emj Urì`lf$ gfkf rmsujtèf emj` grm`gd÷a vfjuat`rd` u fijdc`tfrd` em smrvdgdfs em kmed+gda` emj trì`lf* ]ade ems Iàsdg`s em W`jue (0$ y mj rm+gfafgdkdmatf em mspmgd`jdeèms è hfg(9$ ! Ftrf n`gtfr qum h` danjudef h` sdef j` rmgdmatm èfpgd÷a em ua manfqumdatmredsgdpjda`rdf em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf qum dkpjdg`j` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a ma jfs smrvdgdfs em kmedgda` emj trì`lfem mspmgd`jdst`s pmrtmamgdmatms ` edstdat`s prfnmsdfams*gfkf jfs Uägadgfs _rmvmagdfadst`s!Dcu`jkmatm aumstr` prfnmsd÷a Manmrkmr` pfsmm g÷edcfsätdgfs em Manmrkmrë` prfpdfs(7$ * prfpdgdàef mj mstìjm+gdkdmatf em ua G÷edcf Emfatfj÷cdgf qum sdrv` em k`rgf p`r` mj mlmrgdgdf prfnmsdfa`j p`rtdmaef* amgms rd`kmatm*

em ua k`rgf gfagmptu`j qum uadndqum y emjdkdtm jfs gfa+gmptfs qum sfirm mj hfkirm* j` sfgdmeè* j` s`jue y j` prf+ pd` Manmrkmrë` tmadmaef jfs prfnmsdfa`jms qum j` mlmrzj` fijdc`gd÷a em gfkp`rtdr iàsdg`kmatm jfs kdskfs prda+gdpdfs kfr`jms ma su mlmrgdgdf prfnmsdfa`j* ua së* p`rmamgms`rd` ua` rmvdsd÷a em mstfs g÷edcfs* p`r` mj maludgkdmatf em sd ` eë` em hfy* rmspfaem ` ua` `gtu`gd÷a afr+k`jdzè` emj gfkpfrt`kdmatf prfnmsdfa`j em jfsmanmrkmrfs mspmgd`jdst`s ma Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf ysu rmgtf prfgmemr!

Jfs manmrkmrfs&`s emj trì`lf* h`st` j` nmgh` y emsemtdmkpf dakmkfrd`j sm hà cudèf pfr prdagdpdfs ätdgf+kf+r`jms rmgfcdefs ma afrk`tdv`s a`gdfa`jms f datmra`gdfa`+

jms em prfnmsdfams `ndams y nuae`kmatè`s ma mj emrma`tur`j* ma mj vdcmatm y&f j` gfstukirm lurëedg`! Mstfs prdgdpdfs* sdcuma sdmaef vàjdefs* pmrf amgmsdtà smr `gtuzèfs y rmnfrkujèfs p`r` rmnfrz`r su `pjdg`gd÷a ma mjgfatmxtf g`kidàtm ma mj gu`j sm `pjdg` j` Manmrkmrë` emUrì`lf! _femrfs`s r`zfams `v`jà j` fpdad÷a em j` amgm+sdeè em gtu`jdz`gd÷a em ua g÷edcf emfatfj÷cdgf edstdatfem jfs mxdstmatms ma j` `gtu`jdeè!

Matdäae`sm qum jfs Manmrkmrfs emj Urì`lf mlmrgëà su prfnmsd÷a* ma j` k`yfrë` em j`s fg`sdfams* ma sfjdt`rdf*h`st` qum sm rmcuj`rdz`rfa jfs smrvdgdfs käedgfs em mk+ prms` m dagjusf emspuäs* y` qum* mr` kuy nrmgumatm mstfs smrvdgdfs sm gfatr`t`sma kàgfkuaèfs* ms emgdr*ua käedgf tdtuj`r em v`rdfs smrvdgdfs käedgfs* qumeàef`së* sfj`kmatm j` Manmrkmrë` pmrkàmatm ma j` lfraè` j`+ ifr`j* pfr jf qum* jfs manmrkmrfs gudeìà j` s`jue em jfstrì`lèfrms ma tfefs sus spmgtfs* nësdgf* psëqudgf* sfgd`jy t`kidäa prmvmatdvf* emkàs* tmaeëà y cmstdfaìà jfs`ggdematms em trì`lf y j`s manmrkmeèms prfnmsdfa`jmst`j y gfkf fgurrm ma j` `gtu`jdeè!Gfa j` crà ednmrmagd` em qum hfy ma eë` j` Manmrkmremj Urì`lf ms ua` prfnmsd÷a ùt÷afk` em mspmgd`jdeè prmvmatdv` kàs* em j`s qum datmcrà mj mqudpf datmred pjda`r em jfs Wmrvdgdfs em _rmvmagd÷a em Ydmscfs Jìfrjms(5$ y qum sd idma jfs Manmrkmrfs emj Urì`lf* gfkp`rtma prdagdpdfs iàsdgfs ätdgfs gfkuams gfa jfs emkàs prfnm+sdfa`jms em j`s mspmgd`jdeèms qum datmcrà mj mqudpf2ama gfkpmtmagd`s mspmgëndg`s qum* gfasmgumatmkmemima cud`rsm pfr sus aumv`s afrk`s mspmgëndg`s!

_fr ftrf jèf* jfs g`kidfs mgfa÷kdgfs y sfgd`jms majfs üjtdkfs ðfs hà cmamrèf aumv`s mstrugtur`s frcàd+z`gdfa`jms y n`kdjd`rms qum `nmgtà ` jfs trì`lèfrms y pfr tàtf* ` j`s rmj`gdfams em ästfs gfa j` Manmrkmrë` emjUrì`lf!

Mj filmtdvf* ms v`jfr`r j` amgmsdeè em `gtu`jdz`gd÷aem ua g÷edcf ätdgf è hfg qum sdrv` p`r` j` gfagdmagd`gd÷aem qum jfs v`jfrms qum kàml` j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf





05

05

sfa ùtäatdg`kmatm nuae`kmat`jms< j` s`jue* j` jdimrtè yj` edcadeè hukà`s* ma mj gfkpjmlf* mspmgd`j y ` km+auef hfstdj emj àkidtf emj trì`lf* ua g÷edcf qum rmnfr+z`sm y `yue`sm ` sus prfnmsdfa`jms ` nuae`kmat`r gfar`zfams em g`ràgtmr ätdgf j`s emgdsdfams qum tfkà!

K`tmrd`j y kätfef

Mstm trì`lf prmsmat` ua crèf em daafv`gd÷a pfr j`damxdstmagd` em idijdfcr`në` ma j` k`tmrd` y sm i`s`* ma j`mxpmrdmagd` em j` davmstdcèfr`* j` afrk`tdv` vdcmatm y j`damstdkìjm `yue` em j` efgtrda` ma k`tmrd`!

Wm h` prmtmaedef rm`jdz`r ua mstuedf em ààjdsds gfk+ p`r`tdvf em kmtfefjfcë` emeugtdv`* sfirm ua trì`lf prf+nmsdfa`jdzàtm y mstìjmgmr kmgàdskfs p`r` j`gfastruggd÷a em ua edsgursf prfpdf* qum sm i`sm* af sfjfma j` `gukuj`gd÷a em e`tfs prfvmadmatms em jfs g÷edcfsma mstuedf* em j` afrk`tdv` vdcmatm* em j` sfj` mxpmrdmagd`jìfr`j* uadmaef ` mst` davmstdc`gd÷a mj mstuedf em j`sgfkpmtmagd`s hìdtu`jms y em j`s prfijmkàtdg`s qum gfkf prfnmsd÷a* ìfre` j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf em kàmr`gftdedà`!

Ymsujtèfs

J` prfpd` mxpmrdmagd` jìfr`j* jmyms* g÷edcfs ätdgfsa`gdfa`jms m datmra`gdfa`jms* efgtrda` sfirm mj tmk`* cuë`stägadg`s* mj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`j em Ätdg` p`r` Manmrkm+r`s em 9??>(=$ y mj G÷edcf Emfatfj÷cdgf Datmra`gdfa`j p`r` jfs _rfnmsdfa`jms em j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf(>$ * pfr guàtf rmgfcm ma su `rtdgujèf qum ‚@ jfs mnmgtfs em mstmG÷edcf* sm matdmaem qum j` mxprmsd÷a ‚prfnmsdfa`jms em j`kmedgda` emj trì`lf‛ sm rmndmrm ` tfefs `qumjjfs qum* mamj mlmrgdgdf em su prfnmsd÷a* rm`jdzà t`rm`s em smcurdeèm hdcdmam ma mj trì`lf* prmstà smrvdgdfs em kmedgda` emj

trì`lf f nfrkà p`rtm em ua smrvdgdf em kmedgda` emj tr`+ i`lf! J` kmedgda` emj trì`lf ì`rg` ua crà aükmrf emedsgdpjda`s* pumstf qum gfastdtuym ua` datmrn`z matrm j` tmg+afjfcë` y j` s`jue* gfa spmgtfs tägadgfs* käedgfs* sfgd`+jms y jmc`jms! Matrm jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` kmedgda` emjtrì`lf sm magumatrà käedgfs y prfnmsdfa`jms em j` ma+nmrkmrë` mspmgd`jdzèfs ma kmedgda` emj trì`lf* daspmg+tfrms em nàirdg`s* hdcdmadst`s daeustrd`jms y psdg÷jfcfs emjtrì`lf* mspmgd`jdst`s ma mrcfafkë`* rmhìdjdt`gd÷a* prm+vmagd÷a em ggdematms* kmlfr` emj matfraf em trì`lf m da+vmstdc`gd÷a em j` smcurdeè y j` hdcdmam ma mj trì`lf! J`tmaemagd` ms utdjdz`r j`s gfkpmtmagd`s em mstfs prfnmsdf+a`jms em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf ematrf emj k`rgf em uamanfqum emmqudpf datmredsgdpjda`rdf‛(3$ gfastdtuyma sdaeue` j` i`sm em mstuedf p`r` v`jfr`r sd ms sundgdmatm y e`

rmspumst` ätdg` prmgds` ` j` `gtdvdeè gftdedà` `gtu`j* fsm mstdk` amgms`rdf* pfr mj gfatr`rdf* j` grm`gd÷a em uaumvf g÷edcf ätdgf* mspmgëndgf p`r` jfs prfnmsdfa`jms ej` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* p`r` mjjf sm ìfreà trms crà+ems `spmgtfs<• J` gfasfjde`gd÷a em jfs prfgmsfs em dematdeè prfpdfs ymspmgëndgfs!• J` prfnuaedz`gd÷a ma jfs pfsdgdfa`kdmatfs kfr`jmsemsem jfs qum sm mlmrgm j` prfnmsd÷a em mst` mspmgdmanmrkmr`!• Mj ùkmatf y mj rdcfr em j` g`jdeè em sus gfkpmtmagd`s prfnmsdfa`jms!

Mstfs trms `spmgtfs* `j kmafs* tmaeràa qum smr tmadefma gumat` y suisukdefs ma mj rmsujtèf jdtmr`jdeè em g÷+edcf em gfaeugt`* gfatrdiuymaef emgdede`kmatm ` sdtu`r ` j` mspmgd`jdeè prmvmatdv` em j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urìma jf qum ms vmreèmr`kmatm* ua` prfnmsd÷a èmguè` su tdmkpf* ua tdmkpf gfkpjmlf y g`kidàtm* edaàkdgf ygfanusf em ednëgdj èmgu`gd÷a sd af sm matdmaem mst` mgd`jdeè emsem ua` pmrspmgtdv` `kpjd` y rdcurfs` y af sfjf`gtuèfr`* qum datmcrm em nfrk` rk÷adg` y ätdg` j` rmnjm+xd÷a y j` `ggd÷a!

Emsem mj gfavmagdkdmatf* pfemkfs `ndrk`r qum ua

g÷edcf emfatfj÷cdgf* ma guàtf ` grdtmrdf ätdgf* ms amgms`rdf p`r` mj iuma emsmkpmðf em gu`jqudmr prfnmsd÷a y pmaem em j` Mspmgd`jdeè em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* sfjf p`r` h`gmr usf em äj ma sdtu`gdfams mxtrmk`s* sdaf p`r` rmnjmxdfa`r ma `qumjj`s sdtu`gdfams ed`rd`s gfatrfvmrtde`s ` j`s qum sm manrmat` mst` prfnmsd÷a! Mstm g÷ed`v`j` ua` uadnfrkdeè ma jfs grdtmrdfs em `gtu`gd÷a* rm+nfrzàef sd gìm* j`s `gtu`gdfams y emgdsdfams prfnmsdf+a`jms gfa matdeè prfpd` m daempmaemagd`!

Ma 04=7 Mj Gfasmlf Datmra`gdfa`j em Manmrkmr`s pu ijdg÷ mj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`j em ätdg` p`r` Manmrkmr`s

qum emspuäs sm h` rmvdsèf y gtu`jdzèf ma edvmrs`s fg`+sdfams* j` kàs rmgdmatm ma 9??>!T` sfjf gfa mj mauagdèf emj tëtujf* pfemkfs `ndrk`r j`fisfjmsgmagd` emj tärkdaf ‚manmrkmr`s‛* pumstf qum j` prfnmsd÷a manmrkmr` macjfi` pfr dcu`j ` manmrkmr`s y manmrkmrfs y ad cr`k`tdg`j* ad jmc`jkmatm y` sm sfstdmam(8(af pferë` `gmpt`rsm msm tärkdaf ma Msp`ð`* pumstf qumgfatrèdgm* matrm ftrfs* mj mspërdtu em j` Jmy p`r` j` dcueè mnmgtdv` em hfkirms y kulmrms y mj kàe`tf gfastd+tugdfa`j em ‚af edsgrdkda`gd÷a‛(4$$!Emsem jumcf aè` dkpdem j` mxdstmagd` em ua g÷edcf ätdg p`r` manmrkmr`s mxgjusdv`kmatm* pfrqum sdmaef su g`ràtmr datmra`gdfa`j pferë` smr em pjdg`gd÷a ma p`ësms efaej` jmcdsj`gd÷a f j` gfstukirm* af jf gfatmkpjm gfkf eds+grdkda`tfrdf* ùaqum tr`tàaefsm em ua g÷edcf ätdgf* `j




0=

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kmafs kfr`jkmatm* smrë` pfgf `gmptìjm pfr kughfs prf+nmsdfa`jms!Gurdfs`kmatm* ma mj smcuaef pàrr`nf emj _rmàkiujf emjgdtèf g÷edcf sm `smcur` qum‚Wfa dahmrmatms j` manmr+kmrë` mj rmspmtf em jfs emrmghfs hukàfs* dagjudefs jfsemrmghfs gujtur`jms* mj emrmghf j` vde` y j` jdirm mjmg+gd÷a* ` j` edcadeè y ` smr tr`tèf gfa rmspmtf! Ma jfs gud+eèfs em manmrkmrë` h`y rmspmtf y af h`y rmstrdggdfamsma guàtf ` gfasdemr`gdfams em meè* gfjfr* grmef* guj+tur`* edsg`p`gdeè f manmrkmeè* cäamrf* frdmat`gd÷a sm+ xu`j* a`gdfa`jdeè* fpdadfams pfjëtdg`s* r`z` f gfaedgd÷a

sfgd`j ‛* jf qum supfam ua` gj`r` gfatrèdggd÷a!Mstìjmgm mj gdtèf prmàkiujf qum j`s ‚manmrkmr`s‛ tdmamagu`trf emimrms nuae`kmat`jms<• _rfkfvmr j` s`jue!• _rmvmadr j` manmrkmeè!• Ymstùr`r j` s`jue!• @jdvd`r mj sunrdkdmatf!

Jfs emimrms nuae`kmat`jms qum sm `ndrkà sfa ua`maukmr`gd÷a msg`s` em gfkpmtmagd`s p`r` j` Manmrkmrë`

cmamr`jdst` y kugh` kàs sd gìm p`r` j` Manmrkmrë` emjUrì`lf* ma j`s qum af pumem dagjudrsm gfkf emimr* mj jd+vdf emj sunrdkdmatf ` af smr qum sm rmndmr` ` prfgur`r `jd+vd`r mj sunrdkdmatf* pfrqum af sdmkprm ms mjjf pfsdijm y pfrqum ms ua` gtdtue dahmrmatm ` j` Manmrkmrë`* gfkf smr hukàf* pmrf emsem jumcf af sm tr`t` em ua emimr prfnm+sdfa`j nuae`kmat`j ad mspmgëndgf* sda mki`rcf sm fivd` j` pdmer` àcuj`r em j` Manmrkmrë` qum ms mj ‚gudeèf‛ em j`s`jue em j`s pmrsfa`s sà`s f manmrk`s* matmaedmaef pfr s`jue j` emndadgd÷a `gmptè` uadvmrs`jkmatm em j` Frc`+adz`gd÷a Kuaed`j em j` W`jue (045>$<‚Mstèf em gfk+ pjmtf idmamst`r idf+psdgf+sfgd`j‛!

Jfs Manmrkmrfs&`s emj Urì`lf tdmama jfs sdcudmatms em+ imrms nuae`kmat`jms gfa rmspmgtf ` jfs trì`lèfrms* sdaeue` ` tmamr idma prmsmatm ma j` gfaeugt` emfatfj÷cdg` <• Mj gudeèf* j` prfkfgd÷a y prmvmagd÷a em j` s`jue matfef mj àkidtf emj trì`lf!• J` `tmagd÷a ` j` rmhìdjdt`gd÷a m datmcr`gd÷a sfgd`j emjtrì`lèfr!• J` nfrk`gd÷a* èkdadstr`gd÷a m davmstdc`gd÷a manmrkm+r`s!• J` danfrk`gd÷a y nfrk`gd÷a ma hàidtfs s`jueìjms em jfstrì`lèfrms!• J` cmstd÷a em j` prmvmagd÷a ma su smgtfr jìfr`j!• J` `tmagd÷a sàdt`rd` ` jfs trì`lèfrms!

@ k`yfr iuae`kdmatf mj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`j p`r` prf+nmsdfa`jms Kmedgda` (sàdeè$ ma mj Urì`lf* rmgfcm ma puatf 0 ‚ Mj filmtdvf em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf ms prftm+ cmr y prfkfvmr j` s`jue em jfs trì`lèfrms* kàtmamr ykmlfr`r su g`p`gdeè y ptdtuems p`r` mj trì`lf* gfatrd+iudr j` grm`gd÷a y mj kàtmadkdmatf em ua kmedf em tr`+i`lf smcurf y s`jueìjm* y prfkfvmr j` è`pt`gd÷a emj trì`lf ` j`s g`p`gdeèms em jfs trì`lèfrms* tmadmaefma gumat` su mstèf em s`jue‛!_frqum mj g`kpf em j` prmvmagd÷a em rdmscfs emj trì`lfefaem mstà dakmrs` j` Manmrkmrë`* ms `kpjdf y ì`rg` j`

prmvmagd÷a em tfefs jfs e`ðfs emrdvèfs emj mkpjmf* jfs`ggdematms em trì`lf y jfs tr`stfrafs rmj`gdfaèfs gfa mjtrì`lf* gfkf j`s manmrkmeèms prfnmsdfa`jms y tfefs jfs`spmgtfs em j` datmr`ggd÷a matrm trì`lf y s`jue!

Ma j` kmede` em jf pfsdijm* jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` prm+vmagd÷a em rdmscfs emj trì`lf emima p`rtdgdp`r ma mj esmðf y j` mjmggd÷a em mqudpfs em smcurdeè m hdcdmkätfefs y prfgmedkdmatfs èmguèfs y prfgmedkdmatfsem trì`lf smcurfs* nfkmatàef j` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a em jfs tr`+ i`lèfrms ma mstm g`kpf* së gfkf mj `prmaedz`lm i`sèfma j` mxpmrdmagd`!

_fr su p`rtm* mj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`j em j` Manmrkmrëdcu`jkmatm puat` qum ‚ sfa dahmrmatms ` j` manmrkmrë` mj rmspmtf ` jfs emrmghfs hukàfs‛! Wda eue` pumem y emim`pjdg`rsm j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf! Wd idma eë` em hf p`rmgmrë` kàs `gmrtèf `ndrk`r qum mj rmspmtf ` jfs emrmghfs hukàfs ms ua` gfaqudst` sfgd`j ` j` qum emim sf+kmtmrsm gu`jqudmr prfnmsdfa`j y kàxdkm sd sm tr`t` em prfnmsdfams hukàëstdg`s!

]a` em j`s prmst`gdfams qum mj G÷edcf manmrkmrf rmgfcm ms em smrvdgdfs em s`jue em j` Manmrkmrë` ` j`s pmsfa`s* j` n`kdjd` y j` gfkuadeè gffredaè`s gfa ftrfscrupfs rmj`gdfaèfs! _`rmgm gj`rf qum jfs Manmrkmrfs emjUrì`lf tdmama rmspfasìdjdeèms nrmatm ` jfs trì`lèfrms*jfs mkpjmèfrms* j` s`jue püijdg` y j`s ùtfrdeèms jìf+r`jms y t`kidäa nrmatm ftr`s dastdtugdfams püijdg`s gfkfj` Wmcurdeè Wfgd`j* eèf qum ms ua` mspmgd`jdeè quì`rg` tfef jf sàdt`rdf ma mj àkidtf emj trì`lf* emsem j`gdrucë` kmafr j pmrdt`lm luedgd`j* gfa j`s mxgmpgdfams e prfa÷stdgf* ed`ca÷stdgf y prmsgrdpgd÷a käedg`s! Emidmaefeml`r gfastàgd` qum j` prmst`gd÷a em jfs smrvdgdfs em jManmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf sm rm`jdz` ma j` pfij`gd÷a trì`l`+efr`* nfrkàef p`rtm emj mqudpf kujtdedsgdpjda`r qum da+edg` j` Jmy em _rmvmagd÷a em Ydmscfs Jìfr`jms (Jmy70&044=$ vdcmatm ma aumstrf p`ës!

Ymspmgtf ` jfs emimrms qum rmgfcm mj G÷edcf Datmrgdfa`j ma mstuedf em ätdg` p`r` Manmrkmr`s emj GDM* p





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emkfs fismrv`r qum daedg` qum j`s ‚manmrkmr`s‛ tdmamagu`trf emimrms nuae`kmat`jms* p`r` pfamr em rmjdmvm j`safrk`s em gfaeugt` ätdg`* qum p`s`kfs ` gfatdau`gd÷a `v`jfr`r<

0! J` Manmrkmrë` y j`s pmrsfa`s

J` emfatfjfcë` Manmrkmr` mstìjmgm qum< ‚j` rmspfa+sìdjdeè prfnmsdfa`j prdkfred`j em j` manmrkmr` smrà p`r`j`s pmrsfa`s qum amgmsdtma su gudeèf y sm mxtdmaem ma mjrmspmtf em jfs emrmghfs hukàfs* j` danfrk`gd÷a sund+gdmatm* j` gfandemagd`jdeè y j` rmspfasìdjdeè ma k`tmrdèm kmedf `kidmatm‛!

Af hìj`kfs sfjf em ua gfkpfrt`kdmatf ematrf em ua`safrk`s kfr`jms gfavmagdfa`jms mstìjmgde`s* pfrqum ua`k`yfr edvujc`gd÷a em emrmghfs y n`gdjdt`gd÷a `j crà pü+ ijdgf emj mlmrgdgdf em j` emauagd`* ua` gfkpjmldeè em grd+tmrdfs daedvdeu`jms m dagjusf ua` jmcdsj`gd÷a qum p`r``jcuafs t`ki`jm` j`s gmptè`s smguj`rkmatm afrk`s kf+r`jms* h`gm amgms`rd` j` dagjusd÷a ma jfs g÷edcfs ätdgfs emkmagdfams ` j` rmspfasìdjdeè gdvdj* pma`j y èkdadstr`+tdv`!

Ma mstm smatdef mj G÷edcf emj Urì`lf mstìjmgm qum ‚Mxds+tma emimrms* fijdc`gdfams y rmspfasìdjdeèms em kuy ed+vmrs` a`tur`jmz`* `së gfkf rmj`gdfams gfkpjml`s* matrmtfefs jfs `nmgtèfs pfr m dkpjdgèfs ma j` kmedgda` emjtrì`lf y j`s gumstdfams sàdt`rd`s! Ma cmamr`j* j`s edspf+sdgdfams jmc`jms mstìjmgma ms`s fijdc`gdfams y rmspfas`+ idjdeèms! Ufe`s j`s mkprms`s sfa rmspfasìjms em vmj`r pfr j` smcurdeè y j` hdcdmam em sus trì`lèfrms! Ufe`sj`s prfnmsdfams tdmama ua`s rmspfasìdjdeèms rmj`gdfaè`sgfa j` a`tur`jmz` em sus fijdc`gdfams! Ms dkpfrtàtm em+ndadr mj p`pmj em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` kmedgda` emj tr`+ i`lf y su rmj`gd÷a gfa ftr`s prfnmsdfams* gfa j`sùtfrdeèms gfkpmtmatms y gfa jfs `cmatms sfgd`jms ma mjàkidtf em j`s pfjëtdg`s mgfa÷kdg`s* sfgd`jms* kmedf`k+ idmat`jms y sàdt`rd`s! _`r` mjjf sm prmgds` ua` vdsd÷a gj r`sfirm j` ätdg` em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` kmedgda` emj tr`+ i`lf y sfirm j`s afrk`s qum rdcma su gfaeugt` prfnmsdfa`j!Guàef jfs mspmgd`jdst`s em edstdat`s prfnmsdfams trì`là luatfs efptàef ua manfqum datmredsgdpjda`rdf* emima tr`+t`r em i`s`r su `gtu`gd÷a ma ua kdskf gfaluatf em v`jfrmsy gfafgmr jfs emimrms* j`s fijdc`gdfams* j`s rmspfasìdjd+eèms y j`s afrk`s qum rdcma j`s prfnmsdfams em jfs emkàs!

Ma jfs üjtdkfs ðfs* hà prfjdnmrèf jmcdsj`gd÷a y efg+trda` rmspmgtf ` j`s ednmrmatms gj`sms em rmspfasìdjdeè* pfr j` amgmsdeè em e`r rmspumst` j`s gfatrfvmrsd`s matrm

sàdt`rdfs* @ekdadstr`gd÷a y usu`rdfs y pfrqum hà g`k+ idèf aftfrd`kmatm j`s rmj`gdfams y j`s afrk`s sfgd`+jms!‛(0?$

Mj filmtf em rmspfasìdjdeè em jfs Manmrkmrfs emjUrì`lf* sfa jfs trì`lèfrms qum amgmsdtà em sus gude`+efs tmadmaef ma gumat` su sdacuj`rdeè y ma nuagd÷a mxgjusdv`kmatm em sus amgmsdeèms!Mstfs gudeèfs* emimràa h`gmrsm gfa mj k`yfr rmspmtf `jfs emrmghfs hukàfs(00$ * v`jfrms* gfstukirms y grmma+gd`s pmrsfa`jms sda edstdagd÷a jcua` pfr r`zfams sfgd`jmsf mgfa÷kdg`s ad em adacua` ftr` ëaefjm!

J` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf danfrk`rà sundgdmatmkmatmy cu`re`rà prmgmptdv`kmatm mj smgrmtf prfnmsdfa j* gfsdemràef tfe` j` danfrk`gd÷a qum prfvmac` emj mlmrgdgdfem su prfnmsd÷a gfkf gfandemagd`j* dcu`jkmatm emima rm pmt`r mj kmedf kidmatm y gukpjdr j`s afrk`s vdcmatms `jrmspmgtf!

9! J` Manmrkmrë` y j` pràgtdg`

Edgm mj g÷edcf emj GDM qum‚j` manmrkmr`* smrà pmr+ sfa`jkmatm rmspfasìjm emj kàtmadkdmatf em su gfkpm+

tmagd` kmedàtm j` nfrk`gd÷a gfatdau` y qum kàtmaeràua advmj em s`jue qum af gfkprfkmt` su g`p`gdeè* qum luzc`rà j` gfkpmtmagd` em qudma rmgdi` j` emjmc`gd÷a yem `qumj ma qudma emjmcum* `së gfkf sm gmrgdfr`rà emgfkp`tdidjdeè emj mkpjmf em jfs `vàgms gdmatëndgfs ytmgafj÷cdgfs gfa j` smcurdeè y edcadeè em j`s pmrsf+a`s‛!

Jfs manmrkmrfs&`s emj Urì`lf af sfjf emima mst`r td+tujèfs p`r` mlmrgmr su mspmgd`jdeè sdaf qum emima msma pfsmsd÷a em gfafgdkdmatfs y hìdjdeèms gdmatëndgqum j` Jmx+@rtds mxdcm* sdmaef gfasgdmatm em j` amgmem ua` gfastàtm pumst` `j eë`* kmedàtm ua` nfrk`gd÷agfatdau` y mj ems`rrfjjf emj gfaluatf em gfafgdkdmatfssfirm jfs gu`jms sm i`s` su mlmrgdgdf prfnmsdfa`j qum em imrà smr rmspfasìjm* rdcurfsf y mndg`z!

Jfs manmrkmrfs&`s emj Urì`lf* emimràa v`jfr`r sus prfpd`s amgmsdeèms em `prmaedz`lm f gtu`jdz`gd÷a y iusg`r jfs rmgursfs èmguèfs p`r` ùtf edrdcdrsm* `së gfkf*`sukdr daedvdeu`j f&y gfjmgtdv`kmatm j` rmspfasìdjdeèem j` nfrk`gd÷a m danfrk`gd÷a em j` s`jue ma su àkidtf prfnmsdfa`j!

Jfs manmrkmrfs&`s emj Urì`lf* kàtmaeràa ua` s`juey emgfrf pmrsfa`j qum af gfkprfkmt` su g`p`gdeè p`rèdspmas`r gudeèfs* ad `nmgtm `j prmstdcdf em su gfjmgtdy fismrv`ràa afrk`s em gfaeugt` pmrsfa`jms qum `grmed




03

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tma su prfnmsd÷a y nfkmatma j` gfandàz` em jfs trì`l`+efrms!

J` fijdc`gd÷a em j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf qum p`rtd+gdpma ma davmstdc`gd÷a* ms vmj`r pfr j` s`jue y j` datdkdeèem j`s pmrsfa`s sfkmtde`s `j mstuedf y af p`rtdgdp`r ma`qumjjfs mxpmrdkmatfs qum dkpjdquma rdmscfs nësdgfs fkfr`jms emsprfpfrgdfaèfs* së gfkf* gmrgdfr`rsm em qummj mkpjmf em aumv`s tmgafjfcë`s y `vàgms gdmatëndgfs* sfagfkp`tdijms gfa j` smcurdeè y jfs emrmghfs em jfs trì`+ lèfrms* emidmaef tmamr ma gumat` ma jfs rmsujtèfs* jfs prdagdpdfs em j` emgj`r`gd÷a em Hmjsdabd(09$ y jfs qum rm+

cujà j` ätdg` em j` puijdg`gd÷a gdmatëndg` gfkf mj Gfa+vmadf em Fvdmef(07$! Jfs manmrkmrfs&`s emj Urì`lf emima efpt`r j`s km+ede`s amgms`rd`s em prftmggd÷a ` jfs trì`lèfrms guàefjfs gudeèfs qum emià prmstàrsmjms smà `kma`zèfs yt`kidäa mstàa fijdcèfs ` emauagd`r guàt`s `gtdtuems am+c`tdv`s emjdimrè` y&f gujpìjmkmatm fismrvma h`gd` tr`+ i`lèfrms ma k`tmrd` em s`jue* em gu`jqudmr` em jfskdmkirfs emj mqudpf em prmvmagd÷a* em jfs mkpjmèfrmsf em jfs prfpdfs trì`lèfrms !

Jfs manmrkmrfs&`s emj Urì`lf* tdmama j` fijdc`gd÷a

em emnmaemr jfs emrmghfs em jfs trì`lèfrms àtm k`jfstr`tfs nësdgfs f psëqudgfs y sm fpfaerà pfr dcu`j ` qum smjms sfkmt` ` tr`t`kdmatfs daütdjms f daèmguèfs f ` qumsm jms admcum j` `sdstmagd`!

Mj manmrkmrf&` sukm j` rmspfasìdjdeè em tfe`s susemgdsdfams daedvdeu`jms y em tfe`s sus `gtu`gdfams ma mjmlmrgdgdf em su prfnmsd÷a! @së kdskf smràa rmspfasìjmsem j` `gmpt`gd÷a em j`s pmrsfa`s ma qudma emjmcuma y emqudmams emjmcuma ma mjjfs!

Ma mstm smatdef mj g÷edcf emj trì`lf ma mstuedf k`+adndmst` qum‚J`s edspfsdgdfams jmc`jms sumjma mstìjmgmr j`s gfaedgdfams p`r` mj nuagdfa`kdmatf em jfs smrvdgdfsem kmedgda` emj trì`lf* gfkf j` pjàdndg`gd÷a y rmvdsd÷a pmrd÷edg`s em j`s `gtdvdeèms y j`s gfasujt`s nrmgumatmsgfa trì`lèfrms y edrmggd÷a! J` pjma` daempmaemagd` prfnmsdfa`j2 ms emgdr* qum jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` kmedgdaèmj trì`lf tdmama qum edsnrut`r em daempmaemagd` ma mj mlmrgdgdf em sus nuagdfams* em kàmr` qum pumeà mkdtdr fpdadfams y e`r gfasmlfs p`r` j` prftmggd÷a em j` s`jue em jfs trì`lèfrms y p`r` su smcurdeè ematrf em j` mk+ prms` gfanfrkm ` sus gfafgdkdmatfs y su gfagdmagd`! Jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf emima `smcu+r`rsm em qum sm ema j`s gfaedgdfams amgms`rd`s p`r` pfemr rm`jdz`r sus `gtdvdeèms gfanfrkm ` j`s iuma`s pràgtdg`s y mj kàxdkf rdcfr prfnmsdfa`j* gfkf ua` eft`+gd÷a emguè` em pmrsfa`j* nfrk`gd÷a dadgd`j y gfatdau`*

`pfyf y ggmsf ` jfs advmjms lmràrqudgfs prfpdèfs ema+trf em j` frcàdz`gd÷a! Mj jdirm `ggmsf `j juc`r em trì`lf y j` pfsdidjdeè emtfk`r kumstr`s y mv`ju`r mj matfraf em trì`lf* a`jdz`r jfs pumstfs em trì`lf y rm`jdz`r magumst`s* y gfasujt`r `j`s ùtfrdeèms gfkpmtmatms sfirm j` `pjdg`gd÷a em j`safrk`s em smcurdeè m hdcdmam ma mj trì`lf! Jfs edjmk`sätdgfs qum pumem pjàtm`r mj `nàa pfr jfcr`r filmtdvfs sd+kujtàamfs qum pumema smr gfanjdgtdvfs* gfkf j` prftmg+gd÷a emj mkpjmf y j` prftmggd÷a em j` s`jue* mj emrmghfj` danfrk`gd÷a y j` gfandemagd`jdeè* y jfs gfanjdgtfs

matrm datmrmsms daedvdeu`jms y gfjmgtdvfs* emima rmua` `tmagd÷a mspmgd`j‛(05$!

Mj filmtf em j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf sdmkprm ms j` prftmggd÷a em j` s jue em jfs trì`lèfrms* emsem mj puatfem vdst` em j` emgj`r`gd÷a em j` FKW(0=$ * gfa mj filmtdv prdfrdt rdf emj kàtmadkdmatf* prfkfgd÷a* prmvmagd÷a prk`rd` em jmsdfams rmj`gdfaè`s gfa mj trì`lf y j` kmlfrèmj matfraf em trì`lf!

J` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf emim smr mj kmedèfr matrmj`s lmr`rquë`s em j` mkprms` y jfs prfpdfs trì`lèfrms*

cu`reàef sdmkprm jfs prdagdpdfs em gfandemagd`jdeè!7! J` Manmrkmrë` y j` prfnmsd÷a

Mj g÷edcf GDM mauagd` gfkf nuagd÷a prdagdp`j‚mj ms+tìjmgdkdmatf y `pjdg`gd÷a em j`s afrk`s `gmptìjms emj` pràgtdg` gjëadg`* cmstd÷a* davmstdc`gd÷a y nfrk`gd÷a emanmrkmrë` ` j`s manmrkmr`s* dasdstdmaef ma su gfatrdiugd÷a `gtdv` ma j` davmstdc`gd÷a! Dast` ` j` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a* j` grm`gd÷a y mj kàtmadkdmatfem j`s gfaedgdfams em trì`lf* sfgd`j y mgfa÷kdg`kmatmmqudt`tdv`s y smcur`s ma j` manmrkmrë`‛!

@uaqum af gfkf nuagd÷a prdagdp`j* mst`kfs em gumrefma qum ` j` manmrkmrë` jm dagukim cmstdfa`r su prfnmsdma tfefs jfs smatdefs* gfkf gu`jqudmr ftr` prfnmsd÷a jdirmy i`lf j`s afrk`s qum jm edgt` j` prfpd` jmy!

Ymspmgtf ` j` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a ma j`s gfaedgdfams em tr` i`lf emsem jumcf* j` Manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf* ms rmspfas`+ ijm em j` frcàdz`gd÷a emj trì`lf* tàtf mj prfpdf em sumspmgd`jdeè gfkf mj trì`lf gfküa ` tfefs jfs mspmgd`+jdst`s emj mqudpf em prmvmagd÷a!Ma mstm smatdef mj G÷edcf emj Urì`lf mstìjmgm qum‚Jfs prfnmsdfa jms em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf tdmama qum `sm sfr`r j` edrmggd÷a y ` jfs trì`l efrms sfirm jfs n`gtfrms





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08

qum pumema `nmgt`r ` j` s`jue em jfs trì`lèfrms! J` mv`+

ju`gd÷a em jfs rdmscfs prfnmsdfa`jms tdmam qum gfaeugdr j` nfrkuj`gd÷a em ua` pfjëtdg` em smcurdeè m hdcdmam mamj trì`lf y ua prfcr`k` em prmvmagd÷a è`ptèf ` j`samgmsdeèms em j`s mkprms`s y jfs juc`rms em trì`lf!Jfs prfnmsdfa jms em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf tdmama qum prf+ pfamr ms` pfjëtdg` y msm prfcr`k` sfirm j` i`sm em jfsgfafgdkdmatfs gdmatëndgfs y tägadgfs edspfadijms* `së gfkfem su gfafgdkdmatf em j` frcàdz`gd÷a y mj matfraf em tr`+i`lf! Jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf tdmamaqum smcur`rsm em pfsmmr j`s ptdtuems amgms`rd`s f prf+gur`rsm jfs gfafgdkdmatfs em mxpmrtf amgms`rdfs p`r`

pfemr `smsfr`r sfirm prfcr`k`s em prmvmagd÷a* jfs gu`+jms emima dagjudr* guàef sm` prfpdèf* kmede`s p`r` vd+ cdj`r y gfatrfj`r j` smcurdeè ma mj trì`lf y jfs rdmscfs p`r` j` s`jue y* ma g`sf em prfeugdrsm ua n`jjf* kdadkdz`r j`s gfasmgumagd`s‛!(0>$

Mj filmtf em em rmspfasìdjdeè em jfs manmrkmrfs&`sma mstm puatf ms em `smsfr`kdmatf m danjumagd` sfirm j`s pfjëtdg`s prmvmatdv`s y em smcurdeè daedgè`s p`r` su mk+ prms`* emsem mj gfafgdkdmatf em j` frcàdz`gd÷a y mj ma+tfraf* p`r` mjjf emima pfsmmr j`s `ptdtuems ygfafgdkdmatfs ÷ptdkfs!

5! J` Manmrkmrë` y sus gfkp`ðmrfs em trì`lf

Mj `rtëgujf sm rmndmrm `‚j` fijdc`gd÷a em kàtmamr ua` rmj`gd÷a gffpmràtm gfa j`s pmrsfa`s em ftrfs smg+tfrms y em tfk`r kmede`s èmguè`s guàef ua gfkp`+ðmrf u ftr` pmrsfa` pfac` ma pmjdcrf j` s`jue em`jcudma‛!

J` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf nfrk` p`rtm em ua mqudpfkujtdedsgdpjda`r y pfr jf tàtf tdmam ua emimr jmc`j em gf+fpmr`gd÷a gfa su mqudpf y èmkàs gfa tfef mj pmrsfa`jtrì`lèfr y mkprms`rd`j pfrqum j` cmstd÷a em j` prmvma+gd÷a dagukim ` tfefs ma mj àkidtf mkprms`rd`j!(03$

Mj prmsmrv`r ` pmrsfa`s y n`kdjd`s emj pmjdcrf em pmr+emr j` s`jue af ms sdmkprm pfsdijm y af gfagdmram mxgju+sdv`kmatm ` j` Manmrkmrë`!

Ma mj g÷edcf emj trì`lf sm mstìjmgm qum‚Jfs prfnm+ sdfa`jms em j` kmedgda` emj trì`lf af tdmama qum tr`t`r em fitmamr danfrk`gd÷a pmrsfa`j drrmjmvàtm p`r` j` prf+tmggd÷a* mj kàtmadkdmatf f j` prfkfgd÷a em j` s`jue emjfs trì`lèfrms ma rmj`gd÷a gfa mj trì`lf f gfa j` s`jue cmamr`j em j` pjàtdjj`! Mj käedgf mspmgd`jdzèf ma kmed+gda` emj trì`lf pumem sfjdgdt`r kàs danfrk`gd÷a käedg`

f e`tfs `j käedgf pmrsfa`j emj trì`lèfr f `j pmrsfa`j käedgf emj hfspdt`j* sdmkprm gfa mj gfasmatdkdmatf danfr+kèf emj trì`lèfr ma gumstd÷a* pmrf s÷jf gfa j` nda`jd+

eè em prftmcmr* kàtmamr f prfkfvmr j` s`jue emj trì`+ lèfr! Guàef së jf h`c`* mj käedgf mspmgd jdzèf ma km+edgda` emj trì`lf tdmam qum danfrk`r `j käedgf pmrsfa`j emj trì`lèfr f j pmrsfa`j käedgf emj hfspdt`j sfirm su nuagd÷a y j` nda`jdeè p r` j qum sfjdgdt` ms` danfrk`gd÷akäedg`! Gfa mj gfasmatdkdmatf emj trì`lèfr* mj pmrsfa`j käedgf f em manmrkmrë` emj smrvdgdf em kmedgda` emj ti`lf pumem* ma g`sf amgms`rdf* danfrk`r `j käedgf pmr+ sfa`j emj trì`lèfr em e`tfs rmjmvàtms sfirm su s`jue*`së gfkf pmjdcrfs* mxpfsdgdfams prfnmsdfa`jms y jdkdt`gdfams ma mj trì`lf qum rmprmsmatà ua rdmscf mspmgd`j mvdst` emj mstèf em s`jue emj trì`lèfr‛(08$

Ma mstm g`sf mj g÷edcf Käedgf manfg` kàs j`s rmj`gdf+ams gfa prfnmsdfa`jms em j` s`jue ma mj àkidtf hfspdt`j`+rdf f em s`jue gfkuadt`rd`* gfa qudmams j` gfkuadg`gd÷aemim smr njude`* nmmei`gb y sdmkprm gfa mj gfasmatdkdmdanfrkèf emj trì`lèfr y gfa mj üadgf filmtdvf em gude`r su s`jue!

Gfagjusdfams

• Umamkfs mj gfavmagdkdmatf* qum j` mjìfr`gd÷a y puijdg`gd÷a em ua g÷edcf emfatfj÷cdgf mspmgëndgf* ma guàtfgrdtmrdf ätdgf* ms amgms`rdf p`r` mj iuma emsmkpmðf emMspmgd`jdeè em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* af sfjf p`r`h`gmr usf em äj ma sdtu`gdfams mxtrmk`s* sdaf p`r` rmnjmxdfa`r ma `qumjj`s sdtu`gdfams ed`rd`s gfatrfvmrtde`s* ` j`squm sm manrmat` mst` prfnmsd÷a!

• Wm jjmc` ` j` mstdk`gd÷a em j` amgmsdeè em ua g÷ed prfpdf pfr j` amgmsdeè* tr`s ua pjà em nfrk`gd÷a prfpdfy ua`s gfaaft`gdfams mspmgdndg`s qum ednmrmagdà j` Mnmrkmrë` emj trì`lf (jmcdsj`gd÷a prmvmatdv`* jìfr`j* gfa+ndemagd`jdeè* kmedf `kidmatm aumv`s tmgafjfcë`s$ emrmstf em j`s mspmgd`jdeèms manmrkmr`s* gfa mj nda emmst` prfnmsd÷a sm vm` `v`jè` pfr efgukmatfs msgrdtfs yua g÷edcf em gfaeugt` uadnfrkm y msgrdtf qum rmsp`jem `jfs prfnmsdfa`jms ma ua jmacu`lm gfküa!

• Emidef ` j` damxdstmagd` em trì`lfs sfirm j` k`tmrd`* smemtmgt` ua` prmg`rd` gfrrdmatm gdmatëndg` qum urcm suis p`r` c`ràtdz`r af sfjf j` g`jdeè y mxgmjmagd` prmtmaede`ma gè` prfnmsd÷a* sdaf j` sdkpjm afrk` pr`xds ed`rd`!

• H`y qum suir`y`r qum j` emfatfjfcë` emim gfasdemr`rsmua tmk` ma mj qum af mxdstma nrfatmr`s gj`r`s y qum mxd

datmr`ggdfams* gffpmr`gd÷a matrm ednmrmatms edsgdpgfasujt`s y p`rtdgdp`gd÷a! Mj prfgmsf pumem tmrkda`rsdmaef kàs dkpfrtàtm qum su rmsujtèf nda`j!



Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 09+04Wàtfs _fsè`* @* G`jvf Wàaghmz* KE@gtu`jdz`gd÷a emj g÷edcf em Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* gfrem gfa jfs tdmkpfs yjmyms vdcmatms* tmafr emj G÷edcf Datmra`gdfa`j em j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf

04

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• J` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf* mxgmem j`s nrfatmr`s em j`Manmrkmrë` ‚gudeèfr`‛* emsem mst` mspmgd`jdeè jfs gud+eèfs i`rgà prftmggd÷a y kàtmadkdmatf em j` s`jue emjfs trì`lèfrms* pmrsfa`s ma së* sà`s! Mj àkidtf jìfr`jmacjfi` gfaedgdfams y jmcdsj`gd÷a qum rmi`sà jf sàdt`+rdf! J` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf emsem j` daempmaemagd` yj` dkp`rgd`jdeè emim `sdstdr y gfatrdiudr ` jfs g`kidfssfgd`jms qum sm và prfeugdmaef emsem mj gfafgdkdmatf* iusg`r kmlfr`s gfatdau`s ma j` g`jdeè y j` tràsp`rmagd`*mj kmedf `kidmatm* j`s gfaedgdfams em trì`lf f j`s tmg+afjfcë`s em j` danfrk`gd÷a gfkf ua mjmkmatf datmcr`j emj` prfeuggd÷a y jfs smrvdgdfs m dagjudr mst`s pmgujd`rdeèmsma ua aumvf g÷edcf em gfaeugt` qum `ndàgm mj g`ràgtmr edaàkdgf m davmstdcèfr em mst` mspmgd`jdeè manmrkmr`!

Idijdfcr`në`

0+ Ym`j Emgrmtf 857&9?00 em 03 em luadf* pfr mj qum smmstìjmgma jfs grdtmrdfs iàsdgfs sfirm j` frcàdz`gd÷a emrmgursfs p`r` ems`rrfjj`r j` `gtdvdeè sàdt`rd` em jfs smr+vdgdfs em prmvmagd÷a!

9+ Y!E! 5=?&9??=* em 99 em irdj* sfirm mspmgd`jdeèms em

Manmrkmrë`* I!F!M! a¼ 0?8 em > em k`yf em 9??=efaem sm rmgfafgm j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf gfkf mspm+gd`jdeè!

7+ Ymsfjugd÷a a¼ 79&84< pfr j` qum sm prumià j`s afrk`semfatfj÷cdg`s qum fremaà mj mlmrgdgdf em j` prfnmsd÷a emmanmrkmrë` em Msp`ð` gfa g`ràgtmr fijdc`tfrdf!

5+ Jmy 70&044=* em 8 em Afvdmkirm* em _rmvmagd÷a emYdmscfs Jìfr`jms!IFM aük! 9>4* em 0? em Afvdmkirmem 044=!

Ym`j Emgrmtf 74&0443* em 03 em Mamrf* pfr mj qum sm`prumi` mj Ymcj`kmatf em jfs Wmrvdgdfs em _rmvmagd÷a!IFM a¼ 93* em 70 em Mamrf em 0443* kfedndgèf pfr Y!E!38?&0448* em 7? em @irdj* y pfr Y!E! >?5&9??>* em 04 emK`yf! IFM a¼ 0=8 em 5 em lujdf em 9?00!

=+ 9??> Gfasmlf datmra`gdfa`j em manmrkmr`s 7* pj`gmLmà+K`rtmù* 09?0 Cdamir` (Wudz`$* DWIA 49+4=?5?+57+F

>+ G÷edcf Emfatfj÷cdgf Datmra`gdfa`j p`r` jfs prfnmsdf+a`jms em j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf GDKU 9??9!

3+ _! 5 em j` G÷edcf rmnmrmagdèf

8+ J!F!7&9??3* em 99 em k`rzf* p`r` j` dcu`jeè mnmgtdvèm kulmrms y hfkirms!

4+ @rt! 05 Gfastdtugd÷a Msp`ðfj` em 0438!

0?+ _! 3 em j` Datrfeuggd÷a `j G÷edcf Emfatfj÷cdgf Da+tmra`gdfa`j p`r` jfs _rfnmsdfa`jms em j` Kmedgda` emj Ur`+ i`lf* 9??9!

00+ Emgj`r`gd÷a ]advmrs`j em jfs emrmghfs hukàfs! Ym+sfjugd÷a 903ª (DDD$* 0? em Edgdmkirm em 0458 _`rës!

09+ Emgj`r`gd÷a em Hmjsdabd* üjtdk` rmvdsd÷a em 9?0?

07+ Gfavmadf rmj`tdvf ` jfs emrmghfs hukàfs y j` idf+kmedgda`* hmghf ma Fvdmef mj 5 em ìrdj em 0443!I!F!Mem 9?&0?&44!

05+ _!8 Datrfeuggd÷a `j g÷edcf emfatfj÷cdgf datmra`gdfa`j p`r` jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf 9??9!

0=+ Ndams em j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf! Umxf `gtu`jdzèfGfkdtä gfaluatf FDU&FKW 044=!

0>+ _!9 em jfs emimrms y fijdc`gdfams em jfs prfnmsdfa`jmem j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf! G÷edcf emfatfj÷cdgf Datmr+a`gdfa`j p`r` jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em j` Kmedgda` emj Urì`lf9??9!

03+ Y!E Ymcj`kmatf em jfs smrvdgdfs em prmvmagd÷a IFM A¼ 0=8 em 5 em lujdf em 9?00!



Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 9?+95Cutdmrrmz Cumv`r`* N* Kfrmaf Y`kfs* YK* J÷pmz Yferëcumz* J

Jdpf`trfnd` smkdgdrguj`r

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J` Jdpf`trfnd` Wmkdgdrguj`r (JW$ ms ua` trfnd` emj tm+ ldef cr`sf suigutàamf! Ms ua` jmsd÷a imadca` y rmvmrsdijmma j` qum `p`rmgm ua` emprmsd÷a ma j` supmrndgdm gutàam`ma nfrk` em iàe` smkdgdrguj`r!

Wm tr`t` em ua rdmscf mkmrcmatm rmj`gdfaèf gfa j`saumv`s tmgafjfcë`s y jcuafs pumstfs em trì`lf uidgèfs

ma medndgdfs kfemrafs* emsgfafgdef tfe`vë` ma `jcuafsàkidtfs! Edvmrs`s hdp÷tmsds rmj`gdfaà su mtdfjfcë` gfa j``ggd÷a em g`kpfs mjmgtrfk`caätdgfs* mjmgtrdgdeè mstàtdg`y kdgrftrùk`tdskfs!

_`r` gfasdemr`rj` p`tfjfcë` em frdcma jìfr`j ma j`à`kamsds sm emim emsg`rt`r ftr`s gùs`s!J` JW sm gfasdemr` ua `ggdematm em trì`lf* hìdtu`jkmatmsda i`l`* qum ems`p`rmgm guàef gmsà j`s gfaedgdfams qumj` prfeulmrfa Jfs prdkmrfs g`sfs ma Msp`ð` sm emtmgt`rfama 9??3* sdmaef kàs nrmgumatm su `p`rdgd÷a ma kulmrmsqum ma hfkirms! Mj smcudkdmatf ` mki`r`zè`s af h` mvd+

emagdèf adacüa tr`stfraf `j k`rcma em j` prfpd` jmsd÷a!_`jìr`s gj`vm< Jdpf`trfnd` smkdgdrguj`r* tmldef èdpfsf*g`kpf mjmgtrfk`caätdgf* g`rc` mjmgtrfstàtdg`* hukmeèrmj`tdv`!

@istr`gt

Wmkdgdrguj`r jdpf`trfphy (WJ$ ds ` suigutàmfus n`t`trfphy! Dt ds ` imadca àe rmvmrsdijm da ` emprmssdfa th`t`ppm`rs fa thm sbda surn`gm `s smkdgdrguj`r iàe!

Uhds ds à mkmrcdac rdsb `ssfgd`tme wdth amw tmghaf+jfcdms àe sfkm lfis jfg`tme da kfemra iudjedacs* stdjjuabafwa da sfkm rm`s! Wmvmr`j hypfthmsms rmj`tme tf thmmtdfjfcy gtdfa fn mjmgtrfk`camtdg ndmjes* st`tdg mjmgtrdgdty

àe trùk`!Uf gfasdemr fggup`tdfa`j p`thfjfcy da à`kamsds

shfuje rujm fut fthmr gùsms!Uhm WJ ds gfasdemrme a ggdemat t wfrb* usu`jjy wd

thfut tmkpfr`ry edsìdjdty* whdgh eds`ppm`rs whma thmgm`sm prfeugme gfaedtdfas! Uhm ndrst g`sms wmrm emtmda Wp`da da 9??3* dts `ppm`ràgm ds kfrm nrmqumat wfkma thà da kma! Uhm tr`gb h`s aft smma ày prmcaàtedsfremr futsdem thm dalury fwa!

Bmy wfres< Wmkdgdrguj`r jdpf`trfphy* èdpfsm tdssum*mjmgtrfk`camtdg ndmje* mjmgtrfst`tdg gh`rcm rmj`tdvm hedty!

Datrfeuggd÷a

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jfrfs` y rmvmrsdijm emj tmldef edpfsf suigutàamf qum prf+vfg` j` ems`p`rdgd÷a emj kdskf ma edstdat`s p`rtms emjgumrpf! Mst` jtmr`gd÷a af nmgt` j` pdmj ad j tmldef kusguj`r* sm kàdndmst` gfa surgfs smkdgdrguj`rms jfg`jdzèfs prdagdp`jkmatm ma j` p`rtm àtmrf+j`tmr`j emj kusjf y* gfakmafs nrmgumagd`* ma mj àtmir`zf(0$! Cmamr`jkmatm j` sd÷a ms idj`tmr`j y sdkätrdg`* ùaqum t`kidäa hà sdef ems+grdtfs g`sfs ma jfs qum j` `nmgt`gd÷a h` sdef uadj`tmr`j(9$!

J`s prdkmr`s rmnmrmagd`s hdst÷rdg`s em mst` p`tfjfcë`sm rmkfatà ` 0435 guàef jfs käedgfs `jmkàmsCsghwàetamr y Kuazimrcmr* emsgrdidmrfa jfs prdkmrfsg`sfs em JW ma trì`lèfrms y j` rmj`gdfa`rfa gfa j`s gfa+edgdfams mxdstmatms ma jfs medndgdfs efaem ästfs emsmkðìà su trì`lf(7$!Kàs t`rem* ma 0480 emrk`t÷jfcfs emjWt! I`rtfjfkmw—s Hfspdt`j*(Jfaerms$ rm`jdz`rfa ua mstued+

Jdpf`trfnd` smkdgdrguj`r@utfrms

Cutdmrrmz Cumv`r`* Nràgdsg`Ymsdematm Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 0mr `ðf* Wmvd

Kfrmaf Y`kfs* Ydg`ref KKäedgf

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Gfrrmspfaemagd`Nràgdsg` Cutdärrmz Cumv`r`ncutdmrrmzcumv`r`7Oy`hff!ms




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J`s gùs`s qum prfvfgà j` `p`rdgd÷a em j` JW sfa tf+e`vë` emsgfafgde s* af sm hà rm`jdzèf mstuedfs gjëadgfsmxpmrdkmat`jms ad fismrv`gdfa`jms qum emkumstrma sumtdfjfcë`* h`st` hfr` j` jdtmr`tur` gfasujtè` mstìjmgm hd+ p÷tmsds y j` rmj`gdfa` gfa kdgrf trùk`tdskfs rmpmtdefs*g`kpfs mjmgtrfk`caätdgfs y mjmgtrdgdeè mstàtdg`(0$!

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Gfa mst` rmvdsd÷a idijdfcràndg` sm prmtmaem pfamr `jeë` jfs gfafgdkdmatfs sfirm j` jmsd÷a* y` qum pmsm ` jfjj`k`tdvf em mst` p`tfjfcë` ms `üa emsgfafgde` ma `jcuafsàkidtfs jìfr`jms y sàdt`rdfs* emndadr jfs n`gtfrms qumh`st` `hfr` sm hà rmj`gdfaèf gfa j` `p`rdgd÷a em JW* j`mvfjugd÷a em jfs g`sfs y j`s kmede`s prmvmatdv`s p`r`mvdt`r su `p`rdgd÷a!

N`gtfrms rmj`gdfaèfs gfa su p`rdgd÷a

H`st` `hfr` af sm edspfam em e`tfs drrmnutìjms sfirm

mj kmgàdskf em `p`rdgd÷a em j` JW* su mtdfjfcë` af sm h`ndjdèf pfr kätfefs gjëadgfs* hdstfj÷cdgfs ad idfquëkd+gfs(8$* t`kpfgf sm edspfam em mstuedfs gjëadgfs mxpmrd+kmat`jms ad fismrv`gdfa`jms qum mstìjmzgà mvdematmsrmj`gdfams gùs`+mnmgtf qum lustdndquma j` `p`rdgd÷a em j`JW!

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i`lèfr* gfdagdedmaef gfa j`s k`rg`s em j` jmsd÷a(7$! Mjv`jfr ukir`j ` p`rtdr emj gu`j mj trì`lèfr emtmgt` j`s ems+g`rc`s y pmrgdim kfjmstd`s sm mstìjmgm ma 9??? ^fjtdfs* pmrf t`kidäa sm prfeugma emsg`rc`s pfr emi`lf em msmukir`j qum af sfa pmrgdide`s pfr mj trì`lèfr! J`s ems+g`rc`s mjmgtrfstàtdg`s `gtdvà ` jfs k`gr÷n`cfs y ma gfa+smgumagd` ästfs prfeugma gdtfquda`s qum pferëà e`ð`r jfs èdpfgdtfs y `jtmr`r j` mstrugtur` emj tmldef èdpfsf! Maj` datmasdeè y nrmgumagd` em j` emsg`rc` datmrvdmama* mftrfs mjmkmatfs* jfs k`tmrd`jms qum gfkpfama j` kms` emtrì`lf* sdjj`* sumjf* mtg!* y` qum sd mstàa nìrdgèfs gfa

k`tmrd`jms af gfaeugtfrms f gfaeugtfrms dsjèfs ukma+t`rà j` gukuj`gd÷a em g`rc`s y pfr tàtf j` datmasdeè emj` emsg`rc`! Ftrf mjmkmatf ` tmamr ma gumat` ms j` hukm+eè rmj`tdv`(07$* guàtf kàs i`lf sm` su v`jfr kàs datmas`smrà j` gukuj`gd÷a em g`rc s* pums j` hukmeè n`vfrmgmj` gdrguj`gd÷a em j` mjmgtrdgdeè* pfr tàtf hìrà qum kà+tmamrj` ma jfs v`jfrms kàs `jtfs pfsdijms! Edghfs v`jfrmsmstàa rmgfcdefs ma mj àmxf 7 emj YE 58>&0443(05$ y mmj Ymcj`kmatf em Dast`j`gdfams Uärkdg`s ma Medndgdfs* 0?93&9??3(0=$!

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_mrndj em jfs g`sfs

Jfs pumstfs em trì`lf ma jfs qum sm hà emsgrdtf kàsg`sfs em JW sfa pumstfs em ekdadstr tdvf* jjmcàef rm+ prmsmat`r mj 4=- emj tft`j em g`sfs0* ma fndgda`s em mednd+gdfs kfemrafs eftèfs em crà aükmrf em mqudpfsdanfrkàtdgfs! U`kidäa sm hà emtmgtèf g`sfs ma pmrsfa`jem jdkpdmz`!

Jfs g`sfs em ed`cafstdgà vdsu`jkmatm* sm filmtdv` j``p`rdgd÷a em surgfs em `trfnd` emj tmldef èdpfsf suigutà+amf* jfg`jdzèfs cmamr`jkmatm ma j` g`r` àtmrdfr f à+tmrf+j`tmr`j em jfs kusjfs y ` vmgms ma àtmir`zfs emnfrk` uad f idj`tmr`j(0$! Guàef j` jmsd÷a af ms gj`r` sm pumem `prmgd`r gfa kàs gj`rdeè kdràaefj` emsem jmlfs fem pmrndj* èmkàs em rm`jdzàef ua` p`jp`gd÷a(07$* magu`jqudmr g`sf sm fismrv` ua` jmsd÷a ‚ma msg`j÷a‛! @ua+qum af sm edspfam em adacua` prumi` ed`ca÷stdg` qum prf+ pfrgdfam e tfs p`r` filmtdv`rj`* sm pferë` us`r j` mgfcr`në`

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Jfs mstuedfs mstìjmgma qum j` k`yfrë` em jfs g`sfssm eà ma kulmrms ma j` tmrgmr` eägè` em vde`* sdmaef j`r`z÷a em fgurrmagd` gfa rmspmgtf ` jfs hfkirms em ><0!

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_mrndj em jfs juc`rms em trì`lf

Jfs g`sfs sm gfagmatrà ma medndgdfs aumvfs f gfa g`k+ idfs em kfidjd`rdf p`r` j` dast`j`gd÷a em mqudpfs mjägtrdgfsem fndkàtdg`! Ma `jcuafs medndgdfs j` dast`j`gd÷a mjägtrdedsgurrm pfr emi`lf emj sumjf!

J` G_] em jfs mqudpfs danfrkàtdgfs em trì`lf sumjmamst`r magdk` em j` kms` y ma `jcuafs g`sfs ma ua sfpfrtm

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J`s sdjj`s em trì`lf pfsmma ua` mstrugtur` kmtàjdg`datmrdfr y rmvmstdkdmatf mxtmrdfr em tmldef sdatätdgf y tdgf (`kifs em gfkpfrt`kdmatf `dsjàtm$(0$!

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Jfs v`jfrms em jfs g`kpfs k`caätdgfs af supmrà ada+cüa v`jfr jëkdtm rmgfkmaeèf em jfs rmgfcdefs ma j` Ed+rmgtdv` 9??5&5?&GM(09$* pmrf sfa kàs `jtfs ma jfs pumstfs fgupèfs pfr trì`lèfrms gfa JW(0$* emkàs* jfsg`kpfs k`caätdgfs eäidjms pferëà `gtu`r sfirm jfs prm+èdpfgdtfs `nmgtàef ` j` èdpfcäamsds(9$!



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Gfagjusdfams

Ur`s à`jdz`r y gfkp`r`r jfs `rtëgujfs y efgukmatfsem mst` rmvdsd÷a idijdfcràndg`* sm gfagjuym ma qum j` `p`+rdgd÷a em JW tdmam ua` gùs` kujtdn`gtfrd`j y mstà rmj`gdf+aè` gfa jfs hàidtfs pfstur`jms* jfs g`kpfsmjmgtrfk`caätdgfs* j` mjmgtrdgdeè mstàtdg` y j` hukmeèrmj`tdv`* y qum ms ua tr`stfraf rmj`tdv`kmatm nàgdj em mvdt`r gfa j`s èmguè`s kmede`s prmvmatdv`s!

J` JW ms ua` jmsd÷a imadca`* af prmsmat` adacua` `j+tmr`gd÷a `j k`rcma em j` prfpd` jmsd÷a y em jfs prfijmk`smstätdgfs m dagjusf psdgfj÷cdgfs qum em su `p`rdgd÷a pum+eà emrdv`r! Mj smcudkdmatf ma kulmrms mki`r`zè`s af

h` kfstrèf adacua` `jtmr`gd÷a p`r` mj adðf ad p`r` j`kèrm* kàs `jjà em j`s mxpumst`s àtmrdfrkmatm!J` JW ms rmvmrsdijm ma tfefs jfs g`sfs* sdmaef amgms`+

rdf ua pmrdfef em `prfxdkè`kmatm matrm 3 y 4 kmsms* tr`sj` `pjdg`gd÷a em kmede`s prmvmatdv`s p`r` filmtdv`r j` km+ lfrë`!

Idijdfcr`në`

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4+ \`nr` Gfif* K!L!* Tustm Gh`vms* K!* C`rìdtf Wfjf+vmr`* M!* Wàtfs+Irdz* @!* Kfr÷a+Mstmnàd`* K!* em kuaf _ärmz* _! Jdpf`trfnd` Wmkdgdrguj`r daeugde` pfr prmsd÷a! @gt`s Emrkfsdndjdfcr! 9??82 44<74>+8

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0=+ Ym`j Emgrmtf 0?93&9??3 em 9? em lujdf! Ymcj`kmatfem Dast`j`gdfams Uärkdg`s ma Medndgdfs!



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]a` em j`s n`gmt`s qum kàs ùcm h` mxpmrdkmatèf majfs üjtdkfs `ðfs* ma jfs prfnmsdfa`jms em manmrkmrë` emjtrì`lf* ms j` Davmstdc`gd÷a< j` iüsqume` em mxpmrdmagd`sy gfkpmtmagd`s ma aumstrf matfraf jìfr`j* gfa mj nda emkmlfr`r aumstrf trì`lf m dagrmkmat`r aumstrfs gfafgd+kdmatfs!

Ym`jdzèf mj mstuedf gfrrmspfaedmatm* ms hìdtu`j qumafs datmrmsm mj ednuaedr aumstrfs rmsujtèfs ma `jcüamvmatf em nfrk`gd÷a ‗ davmstdc`gd÷a* gfkf sfa ua`s Lfr+aè`s f ua Gfacrmsf* pfr jf qum* gè` vmz sfa kàs jfs prfnmsdfa`jms qum sm emgdema ` p`rtdgdp`r ma jfs kdskfs prmsmat aef kmedàtm ua` ‚gfkuadg`gd÷a‛ mj mstuedf qumhà jjmvèf gìf! Ur`s j` gmpt`gd÷a emj kdskf pfr p`rtmem j` Frcàdz`gd÷a* y ua` vmz supmrè` j` s`tdsn`ggd÷aqum afs rmpfrt` mstm rmgfafgdkdmatf* sumjma gfkmaz`r ` pjàtm`rsm j`s prdkmr`s eue`s< g÷kf prmp`r`rjf* g÷kf prmsmat`rjf y sfirm tfef ¶afs e`rà tdmkpf ` mxpfamrjf mamsfs 3+0? kdautfs qum afs gfagmema6

Mstm trì`lf prmtmaem smrvdr em cuë` iàsdg` p`r` rm`jdz`r ua` mxpfsdgd÷a em ua mstuedf ma ua mvmatf em g`ràgtmr gdmatëndgf ma nfrk` em ‚gfkuadg`gd÷a fr`j‛* h`gdmaefhdag`pdä ma jfs puatfs gj`vm ` smcudr* `së gfkf prdagdp`jmsmrrfrms qum emimkfs mvdt`r* p`r` gfasmcudr qum edgh` prm+

smat`gd÷a sm gfavdmrt` ma ua` cr`t` mxpmrdmagd`* y pfr tàtf ma ua` ‚Kdsd÷a _fsdijm‛!

Kmtfefjfcë`

_`rtdmaef em j` prdkmr` jdkdt`gd÷a qum tmamkfs j prm+smat`r ua` gfkuadg`gd÷a (mj tdmkpf$ sm và à`jdzàeftfefs jfs `spmgtfs qum gfanfrkà ua` gfrrmgt` prmsmat`+gd÷a < Mjìfr`gd÷a em j` mxpfsdgd÷a ma ua prfcr`k` pfwmr+ pfdat (aükmrf em tràsp`rmagd`s* smgumagd` em j`skdsk`s* gfkf mkpmz`r y `gì`r…$* J` pumst` ma msgma`gfa sus gfrrmspfaedmatms y amgms`rdfs mas`yfs* J` prmp`+r`gd÷a emj Juc`r ma mj eë` prfcr`kèf p`r` tmrkda`r h`+gdmaef hdag`pdä ma uaf em jfs `spmgtfs qum kàs sumjmfjvde`rsm guàef sm tràskdtm ua Kmas`lm fr`j< J` fz<

matfra`r* man`tdz`r y kfeuj`r ma nuagd÷a em j` danfrk`gd÷atràskdtde`!

Gfagjusdfams

3+0? kdautfs pumema smr tdmkpf kàs qum sundgdmat p`r` pfemr mxpfamr ua rmsukma em ua trì`lf* em msf msem jf qum rm`jkmatm sm tr`t` em mxpjdg`r irmvmkmatm mj quä * mj G÷kf y mj _`r` quä h` smrvdef aumstrf mstuedf!

Gfa ua` emguè` prmp`r`gd÷a tàtf emj nfaef gfkfem j` nfrk` ma qum h`rmkfs j` prmsmat`gd÷a* pfermkfs jf+cr`r qum jf qum ` prdfrd sm prmsmatì` gfkf ua` kdsd÷adkpfsdijm sm tràsnfrkm ma ua mlmrgdgdf pfsdijm* edcaem rmpmtdr ma ftr` fg`sd÷a!

_`jìr`s gj`vm< gfkuadg`gd÷a* mxpfsdgd÷a* tràskdsd÷afr`j* davmstdc`gd÷a!

_rmsmat`r ua trì`lf gdmatëndgf ma 0? kdautfs<Kdsd÷a dkpfsdijm

@utfrms

J`kmdrf dj`rdðf* G`rkma



93Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 93^mjàzqumz Efv`j* K* Nrmghfsf Cumrrmrf* G@aàjdsds gfkp`r`tdvf emj mstèf v`gua`j em jfs rmsdematms em prdkmr `ðf em jfs Hfspdt`jms ]advmrsdt`rdfs Ydf Hfrtmc` y Gjëadgf em

93

@utfrms

^mjàzqumz Efv`j* K`rt`k`rVtuqudOy`hff!ms

Nrmghfsf Cumrrmrf* Grdstda`Hfspdt`j Gjëadgf ]advmrsdt`rdf em `jjèfjde

@aàjdsds gfkp`r`tdvf emj mstèf v`gua`jem jfs rmsdematms em prdkmr `ðf em jfsHfspdt`jms ]advmrsdt`rdfs Ydf Hfrtmc` y Gjëadgf em ^`jjèfjde

Datrfeuggd÷a y filmtdvfs

@a`jdz`r mj mstèf v`gua`j em jfs rmsdematms `j dadgdfem su nfrk`gd÷a y h`gmr ua` gfkp`r`tdv` em su sdtu`gd÷amatrm mj Hfspdt`j Gjëadgf ]advmrsdt`rdf y Hfspdt`j ]advmr+sdt`rdf Yëf Hfrtmc` em ^`jjèfjde! J`s v`gua`s qum hà

sdef sfkmtde`s ` mstuedf hà sdef j`s mxdcde`s ma mj pmr+sfa`j sàdt`rdf< Uätàfs&edntmrd`* Urdpjm vërdg` (W`r`kpd÷a*Yuiäfj` y _`rftdedtds$* ^ rdgmj` y Hmp`tdtds I!

Kmtfefjfcë`

Kmedàtm Ymgfafgdkdmatfs Käedgfs Dadgd`jms* fitm+amkfs mj mstèf v`gua`j em jfs 009 aumvfs rmsdematms emjHfspdt`j Gjëadgf ]advmrsdt`rdf y Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdfYëf Hfrtmc` em ^`jjèfjde*

Ymsujtèfs

Jfs rmsujtèfs fitmadefs tr`s mj ààjdsds em jfs e`tfsrmgfcdefs ma jfs rmgfafgdkdmatfs käedgfs dadgd`jms em jfsaumvfs rmsdematms em `kifs hfspdt`jms hà sdef<

Ma mj Hfspdt`j Gjëadgf ]advmrsdt`rdf mj >0- em jfs rm+sdematms hà rm`jdzèf mj rmgfafgdkdmatf käedgf dadgd`j*fitmadmaef jfs sdcudmatms e`tfs< jfs v`guaèfs gfatr` mjUätàfs&edntmrd` hà sdef >8-* jfs v`guaèfs gfatr` jÙrdpjm vërdg` sfa 54-* jfs v`guaèfs gfatr` mj ^HI sfa88*>- y jfs v`guaèfs gfatr` j` `rdgmj` sfa 88*>-!

Ma mj Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdf Yëf Hfrtmc` mj 48- emjfs aumvfs rmsdematms hà rm`jdzèf mj rmgfafgdkdmatf kä+

edgf dadgd`j* fitmadmaef jfs sdcudmatms e`tfs< jfs v`gua`+efs gfatr` mj Uätàfs&edntmrd` hà sdef 45*40-* jfs v`gu+aèfs gfatr` j` Urdpjm vërdg` sfa 3>*93-* jfs v`guaèfsgfatr` mj HI sfa 40*=9- y jfs v`guaèfs gfatr` j` `+

rdgmj` sfa 8>*55-!Gfagjusdfams

@a`jdzèfs jfs rmsujtèfs* sm `prmgd` qum ma `kifshfspdt`jms* j` v`gua`gd÷a nrmatm ` j` trdpjm vërdg`* ms af ijmkmatm danmrdfr ` j`s v`gua`s àtd+tmtàadg` y àtd+hmptdtds I!

Ymspmgtf j` v`gua`gd÷a nrmatm j` Hmp`tdtds I* sm hfismrvèf qum ms sdkdj`r ma `kifs hfspdt`jms* jfs gu`jmstdmama `jrmemefr em ua 4?- em rmsdematms dakuadzèfs!Ma mj g`sf em j` dakuadz`gd÷a nrmatm j` v`rdgmj`* h`y quemst`g`r qum ma j` rmgfcde` em e`tfs* sm prmgd÷ qum edgdakuadz`gd÷a mr` a`tur`j!

_fr üjtdkf* ma guàtf ` j` dakuadz`gd÷a gfatr` mj tä+tàfs* sm pumem `prmgd`r ua` ednmrmagd` aftìjm matrm efs hfspdt`jms! Ma mj H]YH h`y ua` gfimrtur` em g`sd mj0??-* kdmatr`s qum ma mj HG] * af jjmc` `j 3?- jfs da+kuadzèfs!

Gfa mstm mstuedf sm prmtmaem gfagdmagd`r j trì`lèf`j dadgdf em su `gtdvdeè jìfr`j sàdt`rd`* em j` dkpfrtà+gd` emj iuma rmcdstrf em j`s v`gua`s rmgdide`s y em j` amgmsdeè em gfkpjmt`r mj g`jmae`rdf v`gua`j* emidef ` jfsrdmscfs idfj÷cdgfs ` jfs qum afs vmkfs sfkmtdefs mj pmr+sfa`j sàdt`rdf ` ed`rdf!



98 Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 98G`stdjj` _mrmr`* E M* Yferëcumz `g`* U

Mstuedf em j` DU matrm jfs trì`lèfrms em jfs gmatrfs sàdt`rdfs emj àrm` fmstm em `jjèfjd

98

@utfrms

G`stdjj` _mrmr`* Edà` Medà`g`stdjjÒhdsp`vdst`!gfk

Yferëcumz `g`* Umrms`tmrmrv7Ohftk`dj!gfk

Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdf Yëf Hfrtmc` &Cmrmagd` W`gyj (^`jjèfjde

Mstuedf em j` DU matrm jfs trì`lèfrms emjfs gmatrfs sàdt`rdfs emj àrm` em ^`jjèfjde

Datrfeuggd÷a

Wfa kughfs jfs spmgtfs qum danjuyma ma j` cmstd÷a emDU* matrm ftrfs `spmgtfs sàdt`rdfs* mgfa÷kdgfs y sfgd`jmsqum `nmgtà `j trì`lèfr* ` j` mkprms` y `j Wdstmk` em Wm+curdeè Wfgd`j! _mrf èmkàs küjtdpjms n`gtfrms danjuymama j` fitmagd÷a y&f prfjfac`gd÷a daemide` em j` DU< das`+tdsn`ggd÷a jìfr`j* prfijmkàtdg` sfgdfn`kdjd`r* prfjfac`+

gd÷a em emsmkpjmfs* emspdefs p`gtèfs* gudeèf em hdlfs*rmcëkmams sda prmst`gd÷a pfr emsmkpjmf* edndgujtè em g+gmsf ` Advmj Mspmgd`jdzèf* k`sdndg`gd÷a em gfasujt`s emKmedgda` Cmamr`j* rmspumst` jdkdtè` em j` Daspmggd÷a emjfs Wmrvdgdfs Wàdt`rdfs y pfr üjtdkf j` emrdv`gd÷a em i`l`s prfgmematms em gfatdacmagd`s prfnmsdfa`jms!

Ma jfs trì`lèfrms emj àkidtf sàdt`rdf mxdstma kujtd+tue em n`gtfrms em rdmscf ednmrmatms ma j`s edstdat`s g`tm+cfrë`s prfnmsdfa`jms y pumstfs em trì`lfs< turadgdeè* pfstur`s nfrzè`s* kfvdkdmatfs rmpmtdtdvfs* tfk` ràpdeèm emgdsdfams* mtg!

Filmtdvf< Emtmrkda`r hdp÷tmsds<+@jcua`s v`rdìjms jìfr`jms (rmj`gdfaè`s gfa gfjmgtdvfsy pumstfs em trì`lf$ ma mj àkidtf sàdt`rdf* danjuyma maj` nrmgumagd` em DU!

Kmtfefjfcë`

Wm rm`jdz` ua mstuedf emsgrdptdvf à`jëtdgf tràsvmrs`j*à`jdzàef j`s i`l`s pfr gfatdacmagd` gfküa y pfr gfa+tdacmagd` prfnmsdfa`j gfatmgde`s ma mj ðf 9?00 matrm jfstrì`lèfrms em jfs gmatrfs sàdt`rdfs emj Àrm` Fmstm em^`jjèfjde pmrtmamgdmatms ` j` Cmrmagd` Ymcdfa`j emW`jue!Em gè` trì`lèfr qum h` gùsèf DU rmgfpdj`kfse`tfs em ndjd`gd÷a (g`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j* pumstf em trì`+

lf* `ðf em a`gdkdmatf* smxf* vdaguj`gd÷a jìfr`j* cmrmagdem frdcma$ y e`tfs sfirm mj prfgmsf em dag`p`gdeè tmk+ pfr`j (nmgh` em i`l` y nmgh` em `jt`* aükmrf em lfraè`smkpjmè`s ma mj prfgmsf* tdpf em gfatdacmagd`$! W÷jf gfatìdjdzà j`s lfraè`s pmrede`s guy` `jt` h` sdef tr`+kdtè` ematrf emj pmrëfef em mstuedf! Wm rm`jdz` ua` gj`

sdndg`gd÷a em j`s g`tmcfrë`s prfnmsdfa`jms nuae`kmatè`ma j` sdkpjdndg`gd÷a p`r` pfsdidjdt`r su mstuedf! _`r` mjjfsm tdmam ma gumat` mj tdpf em `gtdvdeè jìfr`j dahmrmaj`s ednmrmatms g`tmcfrë`s prfnmsdfa`jms! Ymspmgtf ` j pumstfs em trì`lf* sm tdmam ma gumat` j`s g`r`gtmrëstdg prfpd`s em j`s t`rm`s rm`jdzè`s y sus rdmscfs ma rmj`gd÷a`j pumstf em trì`lf* gfa daempmaemagd` em su tdtuj`gd÷a!

Ymsujtèfs y gfagjusdfams

Ma mj g`sf em j`s i`l`s pfr gfatdacmagd` gfküa* j` hd+ p÷tmsds em tr i`lf ms gdmrt` (mstèëstdg`kmatm sdcadndg`t p`r` j`s v`rdìjms emj trì`lèfr rmspmgtf `j smxf* vdagu+j`gd÷a jìfr`j* g`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j y pumstf em trì`lf!Ma j` gfatdacmagd` prfnmsdfa`j sda mki`rcf* danjuyma üad+g`kmatm j`s v`rdìjms emj trì`lèfr qum sm rmndmrma ` jg`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j y `j pumstf em trì`lf!

Gfagjusd÷a< Hdp÷tmsds em trì`lf gdmrt` p`r` j` v`rdìjmg`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa j y pumstf em trì`lf ma j` nrmgumagdèm DU em jfs trì`lèfrms sàdt`rdfs emj Àrm` Fmstm em ^ +jjèfjde pmrtmamgdmatms ` j` Cmrmagd` Ymcdfa`j em W`j

_`jìr`s gj`vm < Dag`p`gdeè tmkpfr`j* Urì`lèfr*_umstf em trì`lf y G`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j!



94Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 94+7?J`pmð` Kfðux* T!Y!* Gdià`j Luà* J!* K`gë` Wfjmr* J!* W`j`s Kmeda`* _Ymj`gd÷a matrm j` frcàdz`gd÷a emj trì`lf ma `sdstmagd` hfspdt`j`rd` y j` vde` jìfr`j em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs

94

Ymj`gd÷a matrm j` frcàdz`gd÷a emjtrì`lf ma `sdstmagd` hfspdt`j`rd` y j` vde` jìfr`j em jfs prfnmsdfa`jmssàdt`rdfs

Datrfeuggd÷a

Ma j` `gtu`jdeè* ms i`stàtm nrmgumatm magfatr`r prf+ ijmk`s em das`tdsn`ggd÷a jìfr`j matrm jfs trì`lèfrms emjfs hfspdt`jms rmj`gdfaèfs edrmgt`kmatm gfa j` k`j` fr+càdz`gd÷a emj trì`lf ma j`s edstdat`s uadeèms y j` nfrkèm cmstdfa`rjfs! Jf qum sm trèugm ma ua k`j kidmatm j`+ ifr`j* y qum ematrf em msm ‚g`fs frcàdz`tdvf‛ sdmkprmh`y jcudma qum e` ÷remams y ftrfs qum j`s gukpjma* pmrfaèdm sdmatm qum su trì`lf tdmam smatdef! Hmghf qum afsh`gm sfspmgh`r qum mj emsfrema frcàdz`tdvf `nmgt` macrà kmede` ma mj ems`rrfjjf em ua`s rmj`gdfams jìfr`jmsgfred`jms y ma j` mlmgugd÷a emj trì`lf em jfs emkàs2 tr`+eugde` ma ua` sfirmg`rc` em trì`lf èdgdfa`j qum rmvmr+tdrà ma ua` emskftdv`gd÷a y n`jt` em dadgd`tdv` em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms p`r` gfasmcudr jfs filmtdvfs prfpumstfs pfr j` dastdtugd÷a! Mj usf em j`s hìdjdeèms rmj`gdfa`jms t`jmsgfkf j` mkp`të` y j` msgugh` gtdv`* yue`rëà tr`skdtdr edghfs prfijmk`s y kmlfr`r `së j` vde` jìfr`j em `qumjjfs prfnmsdfa`jms qum emsmkpmðà su trì`lf ` ed`rdf ma jfshfspdt`jms!

Filmtdvf cmamr`j

Mxpjfr`r g÷kf `nmgtà ma j`s rmj`gdfams jìfr`jms jfs prfijmk`s frcàdz`tdvfs vdvdefs ma jfs ednmrmatms smrvd+gdfs emj hfspdt`j y j` nfrk` em cmstdfa`r edghfs prfijm+k`s! Mj gu`j hmkfs fpmr`tdvdzèf ma gdagf filmtdvfsmspmgëndgfs!

Kätfefjfcë`

Davmstdc`gd÷a emsgrdptdv` i`sè` ma kätfefs gu`jdt`tdvfs

em rmgfjmggd÷a em e`tfs (magumst`s pmrsfa`jms y matrmvt`s ma prfnuaedeè ma i`sm ` ua cud÷a ìdmrtf$ y ààjdsdsem jfs e`tfs (kàu`j y @què >!?$* ma ua` kumstr` em 90manmrkmrfs qum trì`là ma ednmrmatms uadeèms em hfst`jdz`gd÷a!

Ymsujtèfs

@jcuafs prfnmsdfa`jms smð`jà qum j` n`jt` em frema yfrcàdz`gd÷a emj trì`lf emsmkifg` ma ua ‚g`fs rmj`gdf+a`j‛ dag÷kfef p`r` tfefs y `jmlèf em jf qum afs kums+trà j`s dastdtugdfams kàs s`jueìjms u hfrdzfat`jms qum prfkumvma mj idmamst`r em sus kdmkirfs2 pmrf ` su vmzaf sfa g`p`gms em us`r j` hìdjdeè gfkuadg`tdv` em j`mkp`të` j` hfr` em tràskdtdr f iusg`r sfjugdfams! Ftrfsa`rrà* g÷kf ma j`s uadeèms qum h`y iuma` danfrk`gd÷ay frema ma mj mqudpf* mj trì`lf sm ems`rrfjj` rmj`lèf y smtrèugm ma s`tdsn`ggd÷a jìfr`j! U`kidäa mxdstma prfnmsdf+a`jms qum rmndmrma magfatr`r edndgujtèms guàef tr`skdtedghfs prfijmk`s ` jfs cmstfrms m dematdndgà qum j` n`jtèm gj`rdndg`gd÷a em jfs rfjms nfrk` p`rtm em edghfs prfijm+k`s! Jfs smatdkdmatfs qum j` emsfrcàdz`gd÷a cmamr` majfs trì`lèfrms edndmrm em uafs ` ftrfs* h`y qudmams smsdmatma custf* ftrfs gujpìjms2 t`kidäa h`y qudmams k`+adndmstà af vmr adacua` sfjugd÷a j` emcmamr`gd÷a frc`+adz`tdv` em `jcuafs smrvdgdfs!

Gfagjusdfams

Ma j` k`yfrë` em j`s uadeèms emj hfspdt`j sm vdvmagd` ua‚g`fs rmj`gdfa`j‛ frdcdaèf pfr ua` n`jt` em frema y fr+

@utfrms

J`pmð` Kfðux* T!Y!* Gdià`j Luà* J!* K`gë` Wfjmr* J!* W`j`s Kmeda_rfnmsfr` yueàtm em j` ]adeè prmemp`rt`kmat`j em j` N`gujtè em Gdmagd`s em j` W`j

]advmrsdeè L`dkm D em G`stmjj÷a!yj`pmaaÒhftk`dj!gfk



7? Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 94+7?J`pmð` Kfðux* T!Y!* Gdià`j Luà* J!* K`gë` Wfjmr* J!* W`j`s Kmeda

Ymj`gd÷a matrm j` frcàdz`gd÷a emj trì`lf ma `sdstmagd` hfspdt`j`rd` y j` vde` jìfr`j em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`

7?

càdz`gd÷a emj trì`lf* sdtu`gd÷a gfatr`rd` ` j` pmrgdide`ma jfs smrvdgdfs qum cfzà em frema y gfatrfj frcàdz`+gdfa`j efaem jfs trì`lèfrms edsnrutà em ua`s rmj`gdfamsjìfr`jms gfred`jms y s`tdsn`gtfrd`s! Ma cmamr`j* mxdstmmatrm jfs prfnmsdfa`jms* ua` smas`gd÷a em dkpftmagd` àtmedgh` sdtu`gd÷a y j` cmstd÷a pfr p`rtm em jfs cmstfrms nf+kmatàef mj ems`rrfjjf em trì`lèfrms emskftdvèfs y majfs qum af sm ems`rrfjjà hìdjdeèms rmj`gdfa`jms gfkfj` mkp`të` gfa mj nda em gfasmcudr ua` vde` jìfr`j sà`!

_`jìr`s gj`vm< Ymj`gdfams jìfr`jms* prfijmk`s frc`+

adz`tdvfs* manmrkmrë`* hfspdt`!



70Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 70+79Yfkmrf W`je`ð`* K* Nmraàaemz Àjv`rmz* G* _rdmtf I`jjmstmrfs* @_rmv`jmagd` em danmggd÷a pfr H@ y mnmgtdvdeè prmvmatdv` ma trì`lèfrms emj @yuat`kdmatf em G÷refi`

70

Datrfeuggd÷a

J` hmp`tdtds @ ms ua` manmrkmeè danmggdfs` gùsè` pfr mj vdrus em j` Hmp`tdtds @ (^H@$! J` vë` em tràskd+sd÷a kàs rmjmvàtm ms j` nmg`j+fr`j! Mj prdagdp`j rmsmrvfrdfms mj hfkirm danmgtèf qum mxgrmt` mj H@ tr`väs em j`shmgms! J` numatm em mxpfsdgd÷a ms* pfr jf tàtf* mj daedvd+

euf manmrkf y jfs `jdkmatfs y filmtfs gfat`kdaèfs qumsm dacdmrma f tfgà gfa j`s kàfs jjmvàaefjfs jumcf ` j` ifg`! Wm prmsmat` em nfrk` mpdeäkdg` f mspfràedg`! MaMsp`ð`* j` Hmp`tdtds @ supfam `jrmemefr emj 5=+=? - emj`s hmp`tdtds vërdg`s* y su dagdemagd` ms em =*> 0?= hìd+tàtms! J` kmede` prmvmatdv` kàs mndg`z ms j` meug`gd÷asàdt`rd` y j` v`gua`gd÷a ma trì`lèfrms smrfamc`tdvfs*kmedàtm ekdadstr`gd÷a pfr vë` DK em j` v`gua` em vdrus^H@ da`gtdvèfs!

Mj filmtdvf emj prmsmatm mstuedf ms gfafgmr j` prmv`+jmagd` em danmggd÷a pfr H@ y j` mnmgtdvdeè emj prfcr`kèm v`gua`gd÷a jjmvè` ` gìf pfr manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf p`r` trì`lèfrms mxpumstfs!

Kmtfefjfcë`

Mstuedf emsgrdptdvf tràsvmrs`j sfirm j` pfij`gd÷a emtrì`lèfrms qum trì`l` f h` trì`lèf ma jfs crupfs mx+ pumstfs ` ^H@ ma mj @yuat`kdmatf em G÷refi`* euràtmmj pmrdfef em 9??0+9?09< sàdt`rdfs em j` rmsdemagd` cm+rdàtrdg`* pmrsfa`j em j`vàemrë` y em gfgda` (kàdpujèf+rms em `jdkmatfs$* msgumj` danàtdj* nfatàmrfs* y tägadgfsem Gffpmr`gd÷a Datmra`gdfa`j! Ma emndadtdv`* ua tft`j em055 trì`lèfrms hà nfrkèf p`rtm em mstfs crupfs jìf+r`jms! Euràtm mj mx`kma em s`jue jìfr`j sm sfjdgdtì` sm+rfjfcë` em ^H@* y sm rm`jdzì` meug`gd÷a sàdt`rd` sfirm

mstm rdmscf idfj÷cdgf! @qumjjfs trì`lèfrms af smrfprf+tmcdefs sm dagjuymrfa ma prfcr`k` em v`gua`gd÷a nrmatm` Hmp`tdtds @* gfa efs efsds* ua` dadgd`j y ftr` em rmgumrematrm >+09 kmsms em j` prdkfv`gua`gd÷a!

Ymsujtèfs

Em jfs 055 trì`lèfrms* 004 numrfa kulmrms (89*>-$!J` meè kmed` cjfi`j num em 5?*9 `ðfs! Emj tft`j* 093 pmr+tmamgëà ` j` dastdtugd÷a cmrdàtrdg` kuadgdp`j (88*9-$*mj crupf jìfr`j kàs aükmrfs num mj em @uxdjd`r em Ma+nmrkmrë` gfa 3? trì`lèfrms (58*>-$! J` smrfjfcë` nrmatm` j` danmggd÷a pfr H@* sm jjmv÷ gìf ma 00? trì`lèf+rms (3>*5-$* y em mjjfs* 74 numrfa pfsdtdvfs* fitmadmaeua` prmv`jmagd` cjfi j em danmggd÷a pfr ^H@ emj 7=*=-!J` prmv`jmagd` em danmggd÷a ùkmat` gfa j` meè* fitm+admaef ua` meè kmed` p`r` smrfamc`tdvfs em 73*9= ðfs*y em 57*= `ðfs em kmed` p`r` mj crupf em smrfpfsdtdvfs(p:?*?=$! Em jfs 30 trì`lèfrms smrfamc`tdvfs* susgmptd+ ijms em v`gua`gd÷a* j` prdkfv`gua`gd÷a sm jjmv÷ ` gìfma 55 (>9-$*y em mjjfs* nda`jdz`rfa gfkpjmt`kmatm j`kds` 70 trì`lèfrms! J` mnmgtdvdeè emj prfcr`k` num emj77*7-!

Gfagjusdfams

Mstuedfs em prmv`jmagd` fitdmama rmsujtèfs sdkdj`rmgfkf ua 50*=- (Gfkuadeè em Kèrde* 9??9$* y t`k+ idäa supmrdfrms* =>*7- (prfvdagd` em Cuè`j`l`r` 9??0$!Ma trì`lèfrms hfspdt`j`rdfs* jfs kàdpujèfrms em `jd+kmatfs (gfgdamrfs$* fitdmama ua` prmv`jmagd` emj 4?-*

_rmv`jmagd` em danmggd÷a pfr ^H@ y mnmgtdvdeè prmvmatdv` ma trì`lèfrmsemj @yuat`kdmatf em G÷refi`

@utfrms

Yfkmrf W`je`ð`* KàumjrfkmrfOmanmrkmrdèmjtrì`lf!gfk

Àjv`rmz Nmraàaemz* G`rjfs

_rdmtf I`jjmstmrfs* @atfadf

@yuat`kdmatf em G÷refi`



79 Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 70+79Yfkmrf W`je`ð`* K* Nmraàaemz Àjv`rmz* G* _rdmtf I`jjmstmrfs* @

_rmv`jmagd` em danmggd÷a pfr H@ y mnmgtdvdeè prmvmatdv` ma trì`lèfrms emj @yuat`kdmatf em

79

y mj pmrsfa`j n`gujt`tdvf emj 9>-! J` prmv`jmagd` fitm+ade` ma aumstrf mstuedf (7=*=-$ afs h`gm pmas`r sfirm j`èmgu`gd÷a em dadgd`r j` v`gua`gd÷a sda amgmsdeè em sm+rfjfcë`* sfirm tfef ma trì`lèfrms mxpumstfs a`gdefs ems+ puäs em 04>?!_fr ftrf jèf* j` prdkfv`gua`gd÷a fitmadeèmkumstr` qum 9 em gè` trms trì`lèfrms susgmptdijms emv`gua`gd÷a j` dadgdà* emidef ` j` tmkpfr`jdeè em jfsgfatr`tfs (ma kugh`s fg`sdfams danmrdfrms ` ua kms$* jfqum edndgujt` su `ggmsdidjdeè! Mstf prfvfg` ua` i`l` mnmg+tdvdeè emj prfcr`k` prmvmatdvf (77*7-$* kfstràef qums÷jf 0 em gè` trms trì`lèfrms gfa daedg`gd÷a em v`gu+a`gd÷a àtd^H@* tmrkda` j` pùt` y ma gfasmgumagd`* sm prftmcm gfrrmgt`kmatm!

_`jìr`s gj`vm< danmggd÷a ^H@ ma trì`lèfrms* mnmgtd+vdeè v`gua`gd÷a* manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf!



77Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 77@rràz @jfasf* W* Kmamsms Kfarfy* @Ymsujtèfs prmjdkda`rms* Kfemjfs gfagmptu`jms* Kmtfefjfcë` y Jmacu`lm mstàe`rdzèf ma Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf

77

Datrfeuggd÷a

Ma jfs üjtdkfs =? `ðfs j` manmrkmrë` h` sdef filmtf emua` dagmsàtm mvfjugd÷a! _rumi` em mjjf ms mj ems`rrfjjfem jfs kfemjfs gfagmptu`jms ma manmrkmrë`* mj prfgmsf ma+nmrkmrf y jfs sdstmk`s em gj`sdndg`gd÷a em jmacu`lm mstà+e`rdzèf! J` manmrkmrë` emj trì`lf ems`rrfjj` susnuagdfams gfa ua` g`suëstdg` mspmgd`j* tàtf pfr jfs prf+

ijmk`s manmrkmrfs ` jfs qum sm manrmat` gfkf pfr mj ma+tfraf em trì`lf! @ eë` em hfy af mxdstm adacüa mstuedf emdavmstdc`gd÷a ma Msp`ð` qum ìfrem mj crèf em utdjdz`+gd÷a em mstfs `spmgtfs em j` manmrkmrë` ma mj g`kpf ems`jue jìfr`j!

Filmtdvf _rdagdp`j< Emsgrdidr mj crèf em utdjdz`gd÷a emjfs kfemjfs gfagmptu`jms em manmrkmrë`* jfs pjàms mstà+e`rdzèfs em gudeèfs (_MG$ y mj jmacu`lm mstàe`rdzèfqum mstàa jjmvàef gìf jfs manmrkmrfs mspmgd`jdst`s mamanmrkmrë` emj trì`lf!

Kmtfefjfcë`

Mstuedf emsgrdptdvf em efs `ðfs em eur`gd÷a (9?00 y9?09$ J` rmgfcde` em e`tfs sm jjmv÷ ` gìf kmedàtm uagumstdfa`rdf fajdam v`jdeèf (Uägadg` Emjphd y kumstrèm gfavmadmagd`$! Mj ààjdsds em jfs e`tfs sm rm`jdz÷ km+edàtm tägadg`s em mstèëstdg` emsgrdptdv`!

Ymsujtèfs y Gfagjusdfams

@ eë` em hfy pfemkfs prmsmat`r jfs sdcudmatms rmsujt`+efs prmjdkda`rms<Wm h` fitmadef ua` kumstr` em 5? manmrkmrfs emj trì`lf!Mj =?- em mjjfs us` jmacu`lms mstàe`rdzèfs (44*77-

A@AE@+D* 8>*90- ADG* 8=*3- AFG$!Mj 3?- em jfs magumstèfs af us` ua kfemjf gfagmp+

tu`j em manmrkmrë`! Mj kfemjf em ! Hmaemrsfa ms mj kànrmgumatm ma guàtf ` usf euràtm j` nfrk`gd÷a uadvmrsd+t`rd` (>7-$ y em mjmggd÷a pfr p`rtm em jfs prfnmsdfa`jmqum af mkpjmà adacüa kfemjf `gtu`jkmatm (58-$! Mj

prdagdp`j kftdvf em af utdjdz`gd÷a em mstfs mjmkmatfs mj` n`jt` em pràgtdg` y j` n`jt` em mspmgdndgdeè em jfs kdskfs p`r` smr mkpjmèfs ma j` Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf!@ j` vdst` em mstfs rmsujtèfs* pfemkfs `ndrk`r qum mjadvmj em utdjdz`gd÷a pfr p`rtm em jfs manmrkmrfs emj trìèm jfs kfemjfs gfagmptu`jms* _MG y jmacu`lm mstàe`rd+zèf sm magumatr` ma tfraf `j =?-! Ms amgms`rdf ems`rrf+jj`r mstfs mjmkmatfs em kàmr` mspmgëndg` p`r` j`Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf y prfkfvmr `ggdfams nfrk`tdv`semstdaè`s ` kmlfr`r mj advmj em gfafgdkdmatfs em jfs prf+nmsdfa`jms sfirm kfemjfs gfagmptu`jms* kmtfefjfcë` ma+nmrkmr` y jmacu`lm mstàe`rdzèf!

_`jìr`s Gj`vm< Kfemjfs gfagmptu`jms* kmtfefjfcë` ma+nmrkmr`* jmacu`lm mstàe`rdzèf* Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`l

Ymsujtèfs prmjdkda`rms* Kfemjfsgfagmptu`jms* Kmtfefjfcë` y Jmacu`lm mstàe`rdzèf maManmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf

@utfrms@rràz @jfasf* Wdjvd`sdjvd`rràzOck`dj!gfk

Kmamsms Kfarfy* @jnfasf



75 Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 75+7=Kfrmaf _dkmatmj* @C* fs @rmadjj`s* @* Kmamsms Kfarfy*

@aàjdsds emsgrdptdvf em jfs n`gtfrms em rdmscf psdgfsfgd`jms ma j` pfij`gd÷a jìfr`j em j` Gfkuadeè em K`

75

Datrfeuggd÷a

J` prmsmatm gfkuadg`gd÷a sm mak`rg` em ua prfymgtfem Umsds Efgtfr`j qum tr`t` em rmj`gdfa`r j` prmsmagd` emn`gtfrms em rdmscf psdgfsfgd`j gfa ed`ca÷stdgfs em manmr+kmrë`! Ematrf em msm k`rgf sm h` à`jdzèf j` sdtu`gd÷a`gtu`j em jfs n`gtfrms em rdmscf psdgfsfgd`j ma j` pfij`gd÷atrì`lèfr` em j` Gfkuadeè em Kèrde! Mj mstuedf gfir`mspmgd`j rmjmvàgd` ematrf emj gfatmxtf sfgdfmgfa÷kdgf`gtu`j!

Kmtfefjfcë`

Wm utdjdz` mj gumstdfa`rdf p`r` j` ùtfmv`ju`gd÷a emrdmscfs psdgfsfgd`jms ma mj trì`lf Gf_sfP+dst`s90! Wm p`s`* matrm lujdf y `cfstf em 9?00* 747 trì lèfrms qum

`guema ` rmgfafgdkdmatf käedgf jìfr`j ` j`s dast`j`gdf+ams em j` Wfgdmeè em _rmvmagd÷a em Nrmk`p ma mj _Ymgfjmtfs* Kèrde! Wm rmgfcma 7== magumst`s vàjde`s!

Ymsujtèfs

Mj 5>!83- gfrrmspfaema hfkirms y mj =7*07- ku+ lmrms! Mj >9*?3- tdmam mstuedfs supmrdfrms* mj 93*?0- tmstuedfs kmedfs* mj 0?*>7- tdmam mstuedfs iàsdgfs y m?*94- rmndmrm af tmamr mstuedfs!

@a`jdzèfs jfs rmsujtèfs em jfs edstdatfs `p`rtèfsemj gumstdfa`rdf Gf_sfP+dst`s90 magfatr`kfs jfs sdcudma+tms rmsujtèfs<

@aàjdsds emsgrdptdvf em jfs n`gtfrmsem rdmscf psdgfsfgd`jms ma j` pfij`gd÷a jìfr`j em j` Gfkuadeèem Kèrde

@utfrms

Kfrmaf _dkmatmj* @atfadf CìrdmjManmrkmrf emj Urì`lf ma j` Wfgdmeè em _rmvmagd÷a em Nrmk

`c!kfrmafOmanmrkmrdèmjtrì`lf!gfk

fs @rmadjj`s* @a`M!]! Manmrkmrë`* Ndsdftmr`pd` y _fefjfcë`

]advmrsdeè Gfkpjutmasm em Kèrde

Kmamsms Kfarfy* @jnfasfM!]! Manmrkmrë`* Ndsdftmr`pd` y _fefjfcë`

]advmrsdeè Gfkpjutmasm em Kèrde

Mxdcmagd`s_sdgfj÷cdg`s

Gfatrfj sfirm mjtrì`lf

Dasmcurdeèsfirm mj nuturf

@pfyf sfgd`j y g`+jdeè em jdemr`zcf Efijm prmsmagd`

N`vfrìjm 73*5>- 58*03- 7=*33- 75*47- 8*5=-

Datmrkmedf 77*=9- 75*>=- 54*=8- 78*?7- 59*89-

Emsn`vfrìjm 94*?9- 03*08- 05*>=- 93*?5- 58*37-

Mstdk`

7?*59-

77*=9-

7>*?>-



7=Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 75+7=Kfrmaf _dkmatmj* @C* fs @rmadjj`s* @* Kmamsms Kfarfy* @@aàjdsds emsgrdptdvf em jfs n`gtfrms em rdmscf psdgfsfgd`jms ma j` pfij`gd÷a jìfr`j em j` Gfkuadeè em Kèrde

7=

Gfagjusdfams

Wm pumem `prmgd`r qum ma mxdcmagd`s psdgfj÷cdg`s*`pfyf sfgd`j y g`jdeè em jdemr`zcf y mstdk`* magfatr`kfs pfr dcu`j j` pfij`gd÷a trì`lèfr` tàtf ma sdtu`gd÷a n`+vfrìjm* datmrkmed`* gfkf emsn`vfrìjm!Ma mj gfatrfj sfirm mj trì`lf prdk` j` cmatm ma sdtu`gd÷aemsn`vfrìjm* hìdmaef ua pfrgmat`lm kàs i`lf ma sdtu`+gd÷a emsn`vfrìjm! Ma dasmcurdeè sfirm mj nuturf t`kidäah`y ua pfrgmat`lm i`lf ma sdtu`gd÷a emsn`vfrìjm!J` efijm prmsmagd` ms j` g`tmcfrë` efaem kàs pfrgmat`lmem cmatm mstà ma sdtu`gd÷a emsn`vfrìjm y kmafs ma n`vf+rìjm!

Edsgusd÷a

@prmgd`kfs gfkf* ` pms`r em j` sdtu`gd÷a sfgdf+mgf+a÷kdg`* j` dasmcurdeè sfirm mj trì`lf ms uaf em j`s g`+tmcfrë`s gfa kmafs pmrsfa`s ma sdtu`gd÷a emsn`vfrìjm* sd idma mstf pferë` emimrsm ` ua aükmrf mjmvèf em nuagdf+a`rdfs qum rmjjma`rfa j` magumst`!

Wd mki`rcf* sd qum p`rmgm qum gj`rf qum j` efijm prm+smagd` y* pfsdijmkmatm* j` gfagdjd`gd÷a em j` vde` n`kdjd`r

y jìfr`j ms uaf em jfs kftdvfs qum kàs numatm em rdmscfs psdgfsfgd`jms cmamr`!

_`jìr`s gj`vm< Ydmscf psdgfsfgd`j* Gf_sfP+dst`s90*ed`ca÷stdgf em manmrkmrë`* manmrkmrë`* prmvmagd÷a em rdms+cfs!



7> Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 7>+73Crù _fjàa* K* ûmjt` Eë`z* T* C`jdàa Kuðfz* D* Jjfrmt Ufrrms* Y

Ur`stfrafs kusgujfmsqumjätdgfs (UKM$ ma mj pmrsfa`j emj Wmrvdgdf em J`vàemrë` emj Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdf drcma em j

7>

Datrfeuggd÷a

Emidef ` j` `jt` prmv`jmagd` em sfjdgdtuems em èmgu`+gd÷a em pumstf pfr kftdvfs em s`jue `sfgdèfs ` p`tfjf+

cë`s fstmfkusguj`rms ma mj pmrsfa`j em J`vàemrë`* sm prmtmaem<

+ Gfafgmr j`s t`rm`s y j` frcàdz`gd÷a em j` lfraè` jìfr`jemj pmrsfa`j em J`vàemrë`!

+ @a`jdz`r j` prmv`jmagd` em sdatfk`tfjfcë` fstmfkusgu+j`r!

Kmtfefjfcë`

Wm tr`t` em ua mstuedf emsgrdptdvf tràsvmrs`j ma i`sm` jfs rmsujtèfs fitmadefs ma mj gumstdfa`rdf em sëatfk`sfstmfkusguj`rms rmgfcdef ma mj _rftfgfjf em ^dcdjàgdèm j` W`jue sfirm K!K!G* `j gu`j sm `ðèdmrfa e`tfs sf+gdfemkfcràndgfs y jìfr`jms! Wm `jgàz÷ ua` gfimrtur` emj4=- em jfs trì`lèfrms em J`vàemrë`! _fstmrdfrkmatmsm à`jdz`rfa j`s prfpfrgdfams gfa X9 ` tr`väs em W_WW!

Ymsujtèfs

Nrmgumagd`s cmamr`jms<

+ Mj >8*8- em jfs trì`lèfrms rmndmrma kfjmstd`s maKKWW2 mj >9*=- nfg`jdzèf ma hfkirfs! Mj >>*>- rmndm+rma kfjmstd`s ma gfjuka`2 mj =7*0- j`s sdtüà advmj juk

i`r! ]a =7*0- kàdndmstà kfjmstd`s ma KKDD2 ua 5?*>-mstàa jfg`jdzè`s ma j`s rfedjj`s!

+ @prfxdkè`kmatm ua 7?- em jfs trì`lèfrms h` rmnm+rdef hìmr mstèf dag`p`gdtèf p`r` mj trì`lf gfkf gfa+smgumagd` em ua UKM ma mj üjtdkf `ðf2 sm emimk`yfrdt`rd`kmatm* ` prfijmk`s em gfjuka` (Juki`r 09*=-* aug` 4*5-* efrsf 4*5-$!

Ymj`gdfams sdcadndg`tdv`s tr`s ààjdsds gfa X9<

+ UKM rmj`gdfaèfs gfa j` g`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j< jfs gm+jèfrms sfa j` g`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j qum rmndmrm kàs kf+jmstd`s ma aug`* kàf+kuðmg` y efrsf* smcudefs em

j`vàemr`s* pjàghèfr`s y gfsturmr`s! Ymspmgtf kfjms+td`s ma rfedjj`s* sfa j`s j`vàemr`s j`s kàs `nmgtè`s* sm+cude`s em pjàghèfr`s* gmjèfrms y gfsturmr`s!+ @ðfs ma mj pumstf rmj`gdfaèf gfa UKM< `jrmemefr emua 7?- em jfs trì`lèfrms gfa kmafs em 0? `ðfs trì`+ lèfs* rmndmrma kfjmstd`s ma kàf+kuðmg`* dagrmkmatàaefsm ` ua 3?- matrm jfs 0? y 9? `ðfs trì`lèfs h`st``jgàz`r ua 8?- guàef supmrà jfs 9? `ðfs em prfnm+sd÷a!

+ Nfrk`gd÷a rmj`gdfaè` gfa j` prmvmagd÷a em UKM< m89*8- em jfs trì`lèfrms qum af h` rmgdidef nfrk`gd÷ama prmvmagd÷a em UKM* tdmama `jcüa tdpf em kfjmstdadvmj em j` gfjuka`* nrmatm ` ua` prmv`jmagd` kmafr em=?- ma jfs qum së j` hà rmgdidef!

Ur`stfrafs kusgujfmsqumjätdgfs (UKM$ma mj pmrsfa`j emj Wmrvdgdf em J`vàemrë` emj Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdf ^drcma em j`

@rrdx`g` @utfrms

Crù _fjàa* K`rda`<MDY 9¼ `ðf ]EK Kurgd`! >08?3890?! k`rda`crùOhftk`dj!gfk

ûmjt` Eë`z* Tfjàe`MDY 9¼ `ðf ]EK Kurgd`! >=3387987! ghfjdvuedOhftk`dj!gfk

C`jdàa Kuðfz* Dak`gujèÙutfr` ]EK Kurgd`! >>3=?07>8! dak`gujè`!c`jdàOg`rk!ms

Jjfrmt Ufrrms* YdtÙutfr` ]EK Kurgd`! 4>8988040! rdt`!jjfrmtOg`rk!ms



73Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 7>+73Crù _fjàa* K* ûmjt` Eë`z* T* C`jdàa Kuðfz* D* Jjfrmt Ufrrms* Y*Ur`stfrafs kusgujfmsqumjätdgfs (UKM$ ma mj pmrsfa`j emj Wmrvdgdf em J`vàemrë` emj Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdf drcma em j` @rrdx`g`

73

Gfagjusdfams

Em matrm tfe`s j`s g`tmcfrë`s* jfs gmjèfrms sfa jfs prf+nmsdfa`jms qum rmndmrma kàs kfjmstd`s ` advmj fstmfkus+guj`r

Wm h` fitmadef ua` rmj`gd÷a sdcadndg`tdv` matrm j` àtd+cúmeè ma mj pumstf y j` mxdstmagd` em kfjmstd`s ` advmjem kàf+kuðmg`* pmrf af h` sdef sdcadndg`tdv` j rmj`gdf+a`rj` gfa j` meè! Gfasdemr`kfs pfr mjjf sdcadndg`tdv` j`danjumagd` em jfs rdmscfs mrcfa÷kdgfs em su pumstf ma j``p`rdgd÷a em mstfs sëatfk`s!

Wm rmqudmrm ua mstuedf kàs prfnuaef em j`s gfaedgdfamsmrcfa÷kdg`s emj pumstf* ma mj qum sm rmj`gdfama j`s eds+tdat`s t`rms gfa sus rdmscfs ma j` `p`rdgd÷a em mstfs sëatf+k`s!

_`jìr`s gj`vm< Ur`stfrafs kusgujfmsqumjätdgfs* rdmscfsjìfr`jms* mrcfafkë`* pmrsfa`j em j`vàemrë`* hfspdt`j!



78 Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 78C`rgë` @rgfams* Y* Hmraàef J÷pmz* @* mj`sgf Cudl`rrf *D* Wfjds Kuðfz* K* Ifr

Gfafgdkdmatfs em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs sfirm mj usf èmguèf em j`s k`sg`rdjj`s ma mj gfatmxtf hfspdt`j`rd

78

Datrfeuggd÷a

Emsem mj Wmrvdgdf em _rmvmagd÷a em Ydmscfs Jìfr`jms

(YYJJ$ emj Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdf _umrt` em Hdmrrf K`+ lè`hfae` (H]_HK$ sm fismrv÷ ua usf daèmguèf emedspfsdtdvfs em prftmggd÷a rmspdr`tfrd` (k`sg`rdjj` qudrür+cdg` y k`sg`rdjj` em `jt` ndjtr`gd÷a f rmspdrèfr$ pfr p`rtmem prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs!

Filmtdvf

^ jfr`r mj crèf em gfafgdkdmatf em jfs prfnmsdfa`jmssàdt`rdfs ma j` gfrrmgt` utdjdz`gd÷a em jfs edspfsdtdvfs em prftmggd÷a rmspdr`tfrd` edspfadijms ma mj gmatrf!

Kmtfefjfcë`

Mstuedf tràsvmrs`j* rm`jdzèf ma mj H]_HK* pmrdfef luadf+smptdmkirm 9?09! Wm matrmc`rfa 7>? gumstdfa`rdfs` prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs* pmrtmamgdmatms ` 93 Wmrvdgdfsednmrmatms (]adeèms em Hfspdt`jdz`gd÷a* ]rcmagd`s* Gfa+sujt`s* em _rumi`s Ed`ca÷stdg`s* Ymhìdjdt`gd÷a! Wm mj`+ ifr÷ ua gumstdfa`rdf gfa trms `p`rt efs< e tfs pmrsfa`jms2gfafgdkdmatf sfirm mj usf em k`sg`rdjj`s* qum dagjuë` = prmcuat`s gmrrè`s gmrg` emj edspfsdtdvf qum mjmcdrëà maednmrmatms sdtu`gdfams em `dsj`kdmatf* tàtf p`r` mj p`+gdmatm gfkf p`r` su prfpd` prftmggd÷a2 y fismrv`gdfams!@aàjdsds emsgrdptdvf gfa W_WW vmrsd÷a 0=!

Ymsujtèfs

Wm rmgfcdmrfa 700 gumstdfa`rdfs* mstàef gfkpjmtfs944! Hà p`rtdgdpèf 07> manmrkmr`s (5>-$* 44 ùxdjd`rmsem manmrkmrë` (77-$* 5? käedgfs (07-$* 07 tägadgfs em+r`yfs (5-$ y 0? ndsdftmr`pmut`s (7-$! Mj 0??- em jfs prf+nmsdfa`jms gfafgëà j` k`sg`rdjj` em ndjtrf* mj 43- j`qudrürcdg` y mj 79- j` em prfeugtfs quëkdgfs! @gmrt`rfaj` prmcuat` 9 mj 57- em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms*j` prmcuat` 7 mj80-* j` prmcuat` 5 mj 57- y j` prmcuat` = mj >>-! _fr g`+tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j* jfs p`rtdgdpàtms gfa k`yfr crèf em

`gdmrtf ma j` prmcuat` 9 (gfa ednmrmagd`s sdcadndg`tdv

p:?*?=$ numrfa manmrkmr`s (=0-$* ùxdjd`rms em manmrkrë` (5=-$* tägadgfs em r`yfs (77-$* käedgfs (98-$ y nd+sdftmr`pmut`s (0?-$2 ma j` prmcuat` 7 numrfandsdftmr`pmut`s (4?-$* ùxdjd`rms (85-$* manmrkmr`(89-$* käedgfs (8?-$ y tägadgfs (=5-$2 ma j` prmcuat`5 numrfa käedgfs (=7-$* ndsdftmr`pmut`s (=?-$* ùxdjd`rms(55-$* manmrkmr`s (74-$ y tägadgfs (70-$2 y ma j` prm+cuat` = (gfa ednmrmagd`s sdcadndg`tdv`s p:?*?=$ numrfa käedgfs (35-$* manmrkmr`s (30-$* ùxdjd`rms (3?-$*tägadgfs (5>-$ y ndsdftmr`pmut`s (7?-$! _fr Wmrvdgdfs* prmsmat`rfa t`s`s em `gdmrtf emj 0??- ma j` prmcuat` 9

s÷jf ]rfjfcë`* ma j` prmcuat` 7 Amukfjfcë`* C`strfmatm+rfjfcë`* Amurfgdrucë`* Amurfjfcë`* y ma j` prmcuat` = C`s+trfmatmrfjfcë` y Amurfgdrucë`2 y supmrdfrms `j 3?- ma j` prmcuat` 5 s÷jf C`strfmatmrfjfcë`! J` meè y j` àtdcúm+eè af sm `sfgd` ` ua k`yfr crèf em `gdmrtf (p1?*?=$ magu`jqudmr` em j`s prmcuat`s!

Gfagjusdfams

H` hìdef ua` iuma` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a em jfs prfnmsdfa`+jms! Mj advmj em gfafgdkdmatf qum jfs prfnmsdfa`jms tdmsfirm mj usf èmguèf em j`s k`sg`rdjj`s mstà rmj`gdfaèfgfa j` g`tmcfrë` prfnmsdfa`j y mj Wmrvdgdf efaem trì`là!Wm hà emtmgtèf emndgdmagd`s ma mj gfafgdkdmatf qum prfnmsdfa`jms tdmama emj usf èmguèf em j`s k`sg`rdjj`s*sfirm tfef ma sdtu`gdfams kuy gfagrmt`s ma j`s qum sm rm+qudmrm prftmcmr `j p`gdmatm f `j prfnmsdfa`j! Ufef mstf lutdndg` j` amgmsdeè em edsmð`r t`jjmrms nfrk`tdvfs emsemWmrvdgdf em YYJJ p`r` kmlfr`r mj gfafgdkdmatf em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms sfirm mj usf èmguèf em j`s k`sg`rdjj`s mamj matfraf hfspdt`j`rdf! U`kidäa smrà prmgdsf medt`r g`r+tmjms y nfjjmtfs danfrk`tdvfs p`r` gfasmcudr ua` k`yfr ed+nusd÷a matrm tfefs jfs prfnmsdfa`jms y Wmrvdgdfs emj hf pdt`j!_`jìr`s gj`vm< Gfafgdkdmatfs* prftmggd÷a rmspdr`tfrd`* prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs!

Gfafgdkdmatfs em jfs prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs

sfirm mj usf èmguèf em j`s k`sg`rdjj`s ma mjgfatmxtf hfspdt`j`rdf

@utfrms

C`rgë` @rgfams* Y`qumj * Hmraàef J÷pmz* @acäjdg` * mj`sgf Cudl`rrf *Dsìmj* Wfjds Kuðfz* Kfatsmrr` Lmary

Hfspdt`j ]advmrsdt`rdf _umrt` em Hdmrrf K`lè`hfae`!rc`rgfamsOs`jue!kèrde!frc* kv< >9??9>005



74Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 74+57Pudr÷s Ldkäamz* LYMxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams em gmrukma pfr drrdc`gd÷a (j`vèf em fdefs$ ma s`j` em gur`s

74

Mj t`p÷a em gmrukma

Mj gmrukma ms ua gfaluatf em prfeugtfs em emsg`k`+gd÷a* smgrmgdfams smiàgm`s y smgrmgdfams em j`s cjàaeuj`sgmrukdafs`s qum sm magumatrà ma mj tmrgdf mxtmraf emjgfaeugtf uedtdvf mxtmraf (G!@!M! ma jf sugmsdvf$ (CumstLN* 9??5$! Mj gmrukma `gtü` gfkf vmhëgujf p`r` `jml`r emsmghfs y gfat`kdaàtms em j` kmkirà` tdkpàadg`* ju+ irdndg` j` mpdemrkds y n`gdjdt` mj p`sf emj sfadef h`gd` mjfëef kmedf! Wm h` hìjèf trèdgdfa`jkmatm emj p`pmj emjgmrukma gfatr` j`s danmggdfams pmrf af h`y rm`jkmatm prumi`s em qum mstf sm` `së!

Mj G!@!M! tdmam kmgàdskfs em utf jdkpdmz` qum prf+eugma ua` jmat` kdcr`gd÷a em jfs rmstfs em pdmj y em j`gmr` h`gd` mj mxtmrdfr emj kdskf em kfef qum ma gdrguas+tàgd`s dem`jms af emimrë` smr amgms`rdf jdkpd`r jfs fëefs!

Mj t`p÷a em gmr` sm rmgfafgm kuy nàgdjkmatm pfr ftfs+gfpd`! J` gmr` pumem smr gj`r` u fsgur` y em gfasdstmagdèmsem kuy ijàe` ` eur`!

Mxdstma v`rdfs n`gtfrms qum prmedspfama ` j` mxdstmagdèmj t`p÷a em gmrukma* pmrf ma j` pràgtdg` j` dkp`gt`gd÷asm prfeugm* kàs qum pfr j` dag`p`gdeè emj fëef p`r` sujdkpdmz` em kàmr` a`tur`j f pfr j` mxdstmagd` em mstfsn`gtfrms* pfr jfs datmatfs af mxdtfsfs em mxtr`mr mj gmru+kma pfr p`rtm emj p`gdmatm!

Jfs n`gtfrms qum prmedspfama j` nfrk`gd÷a em t`pfamsem gmrukma sfa<+ Datmatfs em mxtr`ggd÷a emj gmrukma pfr p`rtm emj p`+gdmatm!+ G!@!M! mstrmghf f rmtfrgdef!+ Fëefs qum prfeugma emk`sdèf gmrukma (prfiìjm+kmatm mxdstm ua n`gtfr hmrmedt`rdf$!+ _rmsmagd` em ìuaeàtms pmjfs ma G!@!M

+ Meè (ma àgdàfs mj gmrukma ms kàs smgf y eurf$!+ Hdstfrd` prmvd` em t`pfams em gmr` dkp`gtèfs!+ J`v`rsm ma mxgmsf gfa lì÷a f gh`kpü!+ ]sf hìdtu`j em ùeënfafs f sdstmk`s em ùedgd÷a qumdkpjdgà j` datrfeuggd÷a em p`rtm emj edspfsdtdvf ma mG!@!M!!

Mj t`p÷a em gmrukma ms ua` p`tfjfcë` qum* sd idma mua prdagdpdf p`rmgm ià`j* ms dkpfrtàtm eèf mj tdmkpfqum supfam j` mxtr`ggd÷a emj kdskf ma j`s gfasujt`s emkmedgda` y manmrkmrë` em @tmagd÷a _rdk`rd`!

Nuae`kmat`gd÷a em j` rm`jdz`gd÷a em j` tägadg`pfr pmrsfa`j em manmrkmrë`

_`rtdmaef em edvmrs` efgukmat`gd÷a gfkf j` smatmagdèmj Luzcèf Gfatmagdfsf @ekdadstr`tdvf gfa nmgh` 08 em

@irdj em 9??3 y msgrdtfs em j` Wfgdmeè Msp`ðfj` em FYJj` rm`jdz`gd÷a emj prfgmedkdmatf em j` mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pams em gmrukma pfr drrdc`gd÷a pfr p`rtm emj pmrsfa`j emmanmrkmrë` sm nuae`kmat` ma v`rdfs `spmgtfs<+ Nfrk`gd÷a tm÷rdgf+pràgtdg`< ematrf em j`s tägadg`s manmrkmr`s qum sm magumatrà ma jfs pjàms em mstuedfs*magumatr` j` em j`vèf em fëefs y mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfamsem gmrukma pfr drrdc`gd÷a! Ma gfasmgumagd`* ‚ms mxdc` tfef prfnmsdfa`j gfafgmr jfs `vàgms em j` gdmagd` kä+edg` y qum prmae` j`s aumv`s tägadg`s em su mspmgd`jde`kàxdkm guàef ms`s tägadg`s sfa cmamr`jms y af rmqudm+rma mspmgd`j gu`jdndg`gd÷a pums su g`p`gdt`gd÷a ms mvdy nàgdjkmatm filmtdvìjm eè` su edpjfk`tur` ma manmrkm+rë`‛! J` nfrk`gd÷a gfatdauè` ms ftr` em j`s amgmsdeèmsem jfs prfnmsdfa`jms sàdt`rdfs!

Nfrk`gd÷a gfatdauè`

Mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams emgmrukma pfr drrdc`gd÷a (j`vèfem fdefs$ ma s`j` em gur`s

@utfrms

Pudr÷s Ldkäamz* Luà Y`k÷aManmrkmrf emj Urì`lf

Mxgk`! Edput`gd÷a _rfvdagd`j em L`äa



5? Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 74+57Pudr÷s Ldkäamz* LY

Mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams em gmrukma pfr drrdc`gd÷a (j`vèf em fdefs$ ma s`j` em gur`s

5?

+ Nuae`kmat`gd÷a idijdfcràndg`< J` mxdstmagd` em jdtmr`+tur` gjëadg` em manmrkmrë` em prmcrèf y pfstcrèf* tàtfa`gdfa`j gfkf datmra`gdfa`j* ms ftrf em jfs nuae`kmatfs p`r` `ndrk`r qum mstm prfgmedkdmatf ms y emim smr ua` g+tdvdeè datmrempmaedmatm y ma fg`sdfams daempmaedmatm* emj prfnmsdfa`j em manmrkmrë`! Mstm prfgmsf manmrkmrf gfa+sdstm ma rm`jdz`r ua` v`jfr`gd÷a manmrkmr`* kmedàtm ma+trmvdst` gjëadg`* mxpjfr`gd÷a nësdg` fguj`r y p`jp`tfrd`! J`manmrkmr` mst` g`p`gdtè` p`r` v`jfr`r j` afrk`jdeè emjgfaeugtf ùedtdvf! Ma g`sf em af mxdstdr afrk`jdeè* em+rdv`rà `j n`gujt`tdvf! _fstmrdfrkmatm rm`jdz`rà mj prfgmed+kdmatf!+ Nuae`kmat`gd÷a emj mlmrgdgdf prfnmsdfa`j< ematrf em jfs

prfgmedkdmatfs qum j` k`yfrë` em jfs Gfjmcdfs _rfnmsdf+a`jms em Manmrkmrë` prfpfama y `v`jà ma mj jdstèf emt`rdn`s pfr prfgmedkdmatfs manmrkmrfs* sm magumatr` mj j`+vèf em fëefs f mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams! Mstf pferë` mxpjd+g`r qum sm e` pfr hmghf qum mst` tägadg` ms emj prfnmsdfa`jem manmrkmrë`* y` qum jfs gfjmcdfs fremaà mj mlmrgdgdf emj` prfnmsd÷a manmrkmr`!

Gjëadg` y ed`cafstdgf

J` kàdnmst`gd÷a gjëadg` kàs nrmgumatm emj t`p÷a em

gmrukma ms ua` sfremr` irusg` f crèu`j* cmamr`jkmatmemspuäs em ua i`ðf* af efjfrfs`* gfa ùtfnfaë` y smas`+gd÷a em pjmadtue ma mj fëef! Mj t`p÷a v` grmgdmaef jmat`+kmatm h`st` qum fistruym pfr gfkpjmtf j` juz emj G!@!M!y sm prfeugm j` edskdaugd÷a em j` ùedgd÷a! Guàef mjt`p÷a sm smg` mj p`gdmatm rmgupmr` mspfatàam`kmatm j` u+edgd÷a h`st` qum emspuäs em v`rdfs mpdsfedfs sdkdj`rms j`hdpf`gusd` pumem h`gmrsm pmrkàmatm!

_umem hìmr ftrfs sëatfk`s* sfirm tfef sd mj t`p÷a mskuy cràem y gfat`gt` gfa mj tëkpàf< @günmafs* ft`jcd`*smas`gd÷a em damstìdjdeè* värtdcf f dagjusf tfs!

@atm j` sfspmgh` em ua t`p÷a em gmrukma emimkfsh`gmr ua` hdstfrd` gjëadg` irmvm emsg`rtàef atmgmematmsem ft`jcd`* ftfrrm`* pmrnfr`gd÷a f gdrucë` prmvd`! Emimkfst`kidäa prmcuat`r sfirm mpdsfedfs prmvdfs em t`pfams*kätfefs em mxtr`ggd÷a qum sm utdjdz`rfa y sd huif `jcüa prfijmk` `sfgdèf `j prfgmedkdmatf em mxtr`ggd÷a!

H`y qum h`gmr ua` daspmggd÷a emj pìmjj÷a vdmaef sds`jm k`tmrd`j emj G!@!M! y mxpjfr`r ästm gfa ftfsgfpdf p`r` vmr mj gmrukma* su gfasdstmagd` y mj crèf em fis+truggd÷a qum prfeugm!

Emsg`rt`rmkfs j` prmsmagd` em gumrpfs mxtr`ðfs f emua t`p÷a mpdeärkdgf (smguae`rdf ` ua` emrk`tdtds emjG!@!M!* em gfjfr k`s gj`rf y kuy èhmrdef ` j` p`rme$ maguyf g`sf mj p`gdmatm emimrà smr mavdèf `j mspmgd`jdst`ma FYJ! Wd mj t`p÷a mstà kàs `jjà emj tmrgdf mxtmraf emj

G!@!M! sfspmgh`rmkfs qum sm h` datrfeugdef prmvd`kmat`jcf p`r` datmat`r j` mxtr`ggd÷a! Ma gu`jqudmr g`sf ms afr+k`j j` mxdstmagd` em `jcf em gmr` y su ùsmagd` tft`j pferë`smr sdcaf em smqumeè em j` pdmj* danmggd÷a f ua` mxgmjdkpdmz`!

Pum h`gmr àtm ua t`p÷a em gmrukma

W÷jf mstà daedgè` j` mxtr`ggd÷a emj gmrukma guàefästm ijfqum` mj G!@!M! prfeugdmaef ua` edskdaugd÷a emj` ùedgd÷a f guàef mj t`p÷a afs dkpdem vmr mj tëkpàf`j h`gmr ua` ftfsgfpd`!

Af mstà gj`rf gu`j ms mj kmlfr kätfef p`r` j` mxtr`g+

gd÷a y j`s mvdemagd`s qum mxdstma ma j` jdtmr`tur` sfa kjdkdtè`s! _ràgtdg`kmatm af h`y mstuedfs qum gfkp`rmaua kätfef gfa ftrf y qum pmrkdtà h`gmr rmgfkmae`gdf+ams gfa gj`rdeè (]advmrsdty fn Umx`s* 9??32 @e`ks+Sma+ejdac J* 9??3$!

Jfs pfsdijms tr`t`kdmatfs qum pfemkfs utdjdz`r sfa jfs sd+cudmatms<+ @cmatms gmrukmafjëtdgfs èkdadstrèfs pfr mj prfpdf p`+gdmatm< Emimrë` smr prfiìjmkmatm mj prdkmr kätfef utdjdz`r (AHW* 9??>$! Ma `jcuafs mstuedfs sm g`jguj` su

mndg`gd` ma ua 5?- pmrf qudzà empmaem mj gfasml`r j pgdmatm mstm tr`t`kdmatf emj mstèf emj t`p÷a ma guàtf eurmz`* crèf em fistruggd÷a emj G!@!M!* mtg! Ms mj kätfkàs mgfa÷kdgf* `hfrr` tdmkpf em gfasujt` y ma cmamr`jaf tdmam mnmgtfs smguae`rdfs (Hàe G* 9??5$!+ @utfj`vèf pfr p`rtm emj p`gdmatm gfa ua` ‚pmr`‛ ems+ puäs em smr vdstf pfr mj käedgf* sda f gfa j` `pjdg`gd÷a prmvd` em gmrukmafjëtdgfs! Wm h` emkfstrèf ma `jcuafsmstuedfs qum pumem smr ua iuma kätfef gfa ua dkpfrtàtm`hfrrf em rmgursfs (Gfppda Y* 9??8$!+ Mxtr`ggd÷a pfr j`vèf gfa lmrdac` f `p`r`tf mjägtrdgf<Ms mj kätfef kàs utdjdzèf ma @tmagd÷a _rdk`rd`! _umemh`gmrsm edrmgt`kmatm (mndg`gd` emj 3?-+ 3=-$ f gfa mmkpjmf prmvdf em gmrukmafjëtdgfs (mndg`gd` emj 43-$! Ggdmrt` nrmgumagd` `j vfjvmr mj p`gdmatm tr`s j` èkdadstgd÷a emj gmrukmafjëtdgf ma su efkdgdjdf y` af ms amgms`rj` mxtr`ggd÷a pfr j`vèf!+ Mxtr`ggd÷a emj gmrukma ` tr`väs em vdsd÷a edrmgt` gua dastrukmatf (gurmt`* gugh`rdjj`* mtg!$ f pfr `spdr`gd÷aMs jf kàs daedgèf sd mxdstm mj àtmgmematm em pmrnfr`grmqudmrm nfrk`gd÷a mspmgëndg` prmvd`* jjmv` ua tdmkkdj`r `j j`vèf* af prmgds` em j` èkdadstr`gd÷a prmvd` emgmrukmafjëtdgfs y edskdauym mj rdmscf em danmggdfamssm us` pràgtdg`kmatm ma @tmagd÷a _rdk`rd` pmrf h`y mstedfs qum emkumstrà qum ms pfsdijm su pjdg`gd÷a gfa ua`èmguè` nfrk`gd÷a (_fthdmr EE* 9??8$!




50

Ftrfs kätfefs gfkf p`r`tfs em v`gëf p`r` utfjdkpdmz` pfr mj p`gdmatm f j`s ‚vmj`s p`r` fëef‛ af hà emkfstrèfsmr mndg`gms p`r` j` mxtr`ggd÷a em jfs t`pfams em gmrukma!

Wm` gu`j sm` mj tr`t`kdmatf mjmcdef ms nuae`kmat`j j`nfrk`gd÷a prmvd` emj käedgf f manmrkmr` qum jf rm`jdz`tàtf p`r` kmlfr`r j`s t`s` em äxdtf gfkf p`r` kdadkdz`r j`s pfsdijms gfkpjdg`gdfams!

Gmrukmafjdtdgfs

Af h`y ma j` jdtmr`tur` mvdemagd`s ` n`vfr emj usf emua` u ftr` sustàgd`* jfs mstuedfs sfa hmtmrfcäamfs y emk`j` g`jdeè (Iurtfa KL* 9??8$! Jfs gmrukmafjëtdgfs h`+ idtu`jms mstàa i`sèfs ma `cu` f ma `gmdtm y và emsem mj`cu` emj crdnf f `cu` fxdcmaè` edjude` `j =?- h`st` mj`gmdtm em fjdv`* p`sàef pfr küjtdpjms prmp`rèfs ma cft`sf ma spr`y qum gfatdmama nuae`kmat`jkmatm idg`rifa`tfs÷edgf f hder÷xdef pftàsdgf y em vmat` ma n`rk`gd`s!

U`kpfgf mstà gj`r` su pùt` em utdjdz`gd÷a ma guàtf` efsds y eur`gd÷a emj tr`t`kdmatf! Wë ms dkpfrtàtm smð`+j`r qum p`rmgm af hìmr ednmrmagd` ma us`r jfs gmrukmaf+jëtdgfs pfr p`rtm emj p`gdmatm ma su efkdgdjdf euràtm efs

f trms eë`s àtms em j` mxtr`ggd÷a f h`gmrjf ma j` gfasujt`qudagm f trmdat` kdautfs àtms em j` kdsk`!Jfs prftfgfjfs gfasujtèfs ma Msp`ð` rmgfkdmaeà

dastdj`r cu` fxdcmaè` j 7- (rmi`lè` gfa cu` hmrvde``j =?-$* f gu`jqudmr prmp`rèf edsfjvmatm emj gmrukmaqum mj Käedgf mstdkm fpfrtuaf ma mj G!@!M! Wm rmgfkma+e`rà j` dastdj`gd÷a em j`s cft`s em trms ` gu`trf vmgms* jfsefs eë`s àtmrdfrms ` j` mxtr`ggd÷a!

Ma aumstr` gfasujt` rmgfkmae`kfs dastdj`r ua`s cft`sem `gmdtm em fjdv` ma mj G!@!M! 7 vmgms `j eë` jfs 9&7 eë`s prmvdfs ` j` mxtr`ggd÷a y afs e iuma rmsujtèf!Ma gu`jqudmr g`sf* sd ms mj p`gdmatm qudma v` ` mgh`r j`scft`s ms gfavmadmatm qum sm jm ema `jcua`s dastruggdfamssfirm mj usf em jfs gmrukmafjëtdgfs daedgàaefjm qum sus+ pmae` mj tr`t`kdmatf sd aft` efjfr y qum af datrfeuzg` `j+cfe÷a f i`stfagdjjfs tr`s mgh`r j`s cft`s f mj spr`y!

Ymgumref a`t÷kdgf

Wm fismrv` qum mj G!@!M ms ua gfaeugtf em prfxdk`+e`kmatm 9*= gk em j`rcf* gfa ua` edrmggd÷a fijdgu` emnumr` èmatrf y em `tràs h`gd` èmjàtm* pmrf af ms rmgtdjë+amf* gfastàef em trms smckmatfs<+ Mj 0¼ sm edrdcm h`gd` ematrf y èmjàtm!+ Mj 9¼ h`gd` ematrf y `tràs!+ Mj 7¼ dcu`j qum mj 0¼!

Mstfs trms smckmatfs sm gfatdaüà uaf gfa mj ftrf nfr+kàef efs gfefs kuy rmefaemèfs* rmprmsmatàef j` pfr+gd÷a ÷sm` mj smckmatf emjdkdtèf matrm mj 9¼ gfef y jkmkirà` tdkpàadg`!

_rftfgfjf em mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams pfr drrdc`gd÷a

_`r` rm`jdz`r mst` tägadg` gfa tft`j smcurdeè* sm h`gmamgms`rdf mstìjmgmr ua prftfgfjf* ma mj qum sm h`rà gfast`r* `j kmafs<+ J` nda`jdeè emj kdskf+ J` pfij`gd÷a edà`+ J` nfrk` em g`pt`gd÷a+ J` dadgd`gd÷a emj prftfgfjf+ J`s gfatr`daedg`gdfams em j` tägadg`+ Jfs kmedfs k`tmrd`jms amgms`rdfs+ J` nfrk` gfrrmgt` em rm`jdz`r j` tägadg`

Amgmsdeè em ua kfemjf em gfasmatdkdmatf da+nfrkèf

Wm emim danfrk`r `j p`gdmatm em j` gfavmadmagd` mxtr`mr jfs t`pfams em gmrukma* em j`s gfasmgumagd`s e

af h`gmrjf* mxpjdg`rjm ma quä gfasdstm j` tägadg` qum sm` mkpjm`r p`r` su mxtr`ggd÷a* j`s gfatr`daedg`gdfams em j`kdsk` y jfs pfsdijms mnmgtfs smguae`rdfs y gfkpjdg`gdf+ams qum pumeà surcdr* em kfef qum sm gukpj` jf mxprmsèf ma J` Jmy 50&9??9* Iàsdg` Ymcujèfr` em j`@utfafkë` emj _`gdmatm y em Emrmghfs y Fijdc`gdfams mK`tmrd` em Danfrk`gd÷a y Efgukmat`gd÷a Gjëadg` (`rt!9!7* 9!> y 5!0$* emlàef gfastàgd` em tfef mjjf ma j` hds+tfrd` gjëadg` emj p`gdmatm! Mstm hmghf sm rm`ndrk` ma jèm Frema`gd÷a em _rfnmsdfams sàdt`rd`s (JF_W* afvdmk irm em 9??7$* qum mstìjmgm ma su `rtëgujf >< ‚Jfs prfnmsdfa`jms tdmama mj emimr em rmspmt`r j` pmrsfa`jdeèdcadeè m datdkdeè em j`s pmrsfa`s su gudeèf y emimarmspmt`r j` p`rtdgdp`gd÷a em jfs kdskfs ma j`s tfk`s ememgdsdfams qum jms `nmgtma! Ma tfef g`sf* emima fnrmua` danfrk`gd÷a sundgdmatm y èmguè`‛!

Dadgd`gd÷a

Mj käedgf* tr`s emsg`rt`r j`s pfsdijms gfatr`daedg`gdf+ams qum sm gdtà pfstmrdfrkmatm* jf àft`rà ma j` HdstfrdGjëadg`* danfrk`rà `j p`gdmatm em jfs mnmgtfs amc`tdvsfirm j` s`jue em jfs t`pfams em gmrukma* y em jfs pfsdijmsmnmgtfs smguae`rdfs y gfkpjdg`gdfams em äst` tägadg` (pmrnfr`gd÷a tdkpàadg`* ftdtds mxtmra`* ftdtds kmed` `cue`* aàusm`s* v÷kdtfs* efjfr* k`rmfs* värtdcfs* tr`stfrafs emj mqud+



59 Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 74+57Pudr÷s Ldkäamz* LY

Mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams em gmrukma pfr drrdc`gd÷a (j`vèf em fdefs$ ma s`j` em gur`s

59

jdirdf* ftfrr`cd`s y `günmafs$* matrmcàef p`r` su jmgtur`y ndrk` ua gfasmatdkdmatf Danfrkèf* y mavd`rà `j p`+gdmatm `j Manmrkmrf em Mkprms`* qudäa jm gdt`rà p`r` j`mxtr`ggd÷a emj t`p÷a!

Gfatr`daedg`gdfams

+ Ftdtds Kmed` y Mxtmra`* h`st` qum sm rmsumjv`!+ Wfspmgh` em pmrnfr`gd÷a tdkpàadg`!+ Hdstfrd` em Ftdtds Gr÷adg` y Wupurè`!+ Gdrucë` ftfj÷cdg` prmvd`* s`jvf mst`pmemgtfkë` y mst`+

pmeftfkë`+ Hmrde`s rmgdmatms em Uëkpàf y G!@!M!+ _rmsmagd` em Gumrpfs Mxtr`ðfs!+ U`p÷a Mpdeärkdgf!+ Mxdstmagd` em erma`lms tràstdkpàadgfs ma pfij`gd÷a da+nàtdj+ Hdstfrd` prmvd` em gfkpjdg`gdfams gfa jfs datmatfs emmxtr`ggd÷a

Ma tfefs jfs g`sfs àtmrdfrms sm emrdv`rà ` su käedgfem n`kdjd` p`r` emrdv`gd÷a ` F!Y!C!!

Kmedfs k`tmrd`jms

+ @cu` ` tmkpmr`tur` gfrpfr`j!+ I`tm`s rmgtàcuj`r y `rrdðfaè`!+ Lmrdac` kmtàjdg` ftfj÷cdg`!+ Ftfsgfpdf* y mspägujfs ùrdguj`rms jdkpdfs y mstmrdjdz`+efs!+ _daz`s ftfj÷cdg`s jdkpd`s y mstmrdjdzè`s!+ _`ðfs emsmghìjms+ Cuàtms

Ftfsgfpd`

Ms j` mxpjfr`gd÷a emj G!@!M!* tëkpàf m daedrmgt`kmatmemj Fëef Kmedf!

_rfgmemrmkfs ` rmgtdndg`r j` gurv`tur` ndsdfj÷cdg` emjG!@!M kmedàtm tr`ggd÷a em j` pfrgd÷a supmrdfr emj _ìm+jj÷a ùrdguj`r h`gd` `rrdi` y `tràs! Ma j`gtàtms y adðfsh`gd` ì`lf y `tràs* ( mj G!@!M ms kàs gfrtf y j` pfrgd÷ag`rtdj`cdafs` prmsmat` ua` nfrk` em hmaedeur`$! Wmcude`+kmatm sm datrfeugm mj ftfsgfpdf tr`väs em j` pfrgd÷a g`r+tdj`cdafs` h`st` jjmc`r j mlm em j` pfrgd÷a ÷sm` emj G!@!M!Mstf üjtdkf emim h`gmrsm em kàmr` pruematm y sda nfrk`r àacujfs `cuefs ma su mxtrmkf pums ms rmj`tdv`kmatm gfr+tàtm! U`kidäa emim mvdt`rsm mj gfat`gtf gfa j`s p`rmemsem j` pfrgd÷a ÷sm` emj G!@!M!*( pums äst`s sfa kuy smasd+

ijms y pumema jmsdfa`rsm gfa n`gdjdeè$ y jfs emspj`z`+kdmatfs daamgms`rdfs h`gd` emjàtm y `tràs!

J`vèf

Wm rm`jdz`rà prmvd` Ftfsgfpd`!+ @atms em dadgd`r j` mxtr`ggd÷a emj t`p÷a sm danfrk`rà p`gdmatm sfirm mj ems`rrfjjf em j` tägadg` y `gmrg` em jfssdcafs y sëatfk`s qum pumema p`rmgmr euràtm j` kdsk`*`së gfkf em `qumjjfs pfr jfs qum emim `vds`rafs< efjfr*k`rmf* smas`gd÷a em qum p`s` `cu` h`gd` j` c`rcàt`!

+ J`v`rsm j`s kàfs y pfamrsm cuàtms+ Jjma`r j` i`tm` rmgtàcuj`r gfa `cu` tdid`! Gfkprfi`r qum mj `cu` mstä ` j` tmkpmr`tur` gfrpfr`j y` qum sd mstàemk`sdèf nrë` f g`jdmatm pumem `jtmr`r mj rmnjmlf vmstdj`r y h`gmr qum tmac` k`rmfs f aàusm`s!+ Mj p`gdmatm mst`rà smatèf gfa ua p`ðf emsmghìjm ma mgumjjf* p`r` mvdt`r ma jf pfsdijm qum sm kflm gfa mj `cu`Ma mj g`sf em adðfs pmqumðfs ästfs mst`ràa smatèfs maj`s pdmra`s em ua n`kdjd`r f `yueàtm* y sd af gfjìfr` smjm sulmt`rà ndrkmkmatm gumrpf* gìmz` y ir`zfs!+ Gfa su gfjìfr`gd÷a* f j` em ua `yueàtm* sm sulmt`rà j`

i`tm` `rrdðfaè` emi`lf emj fëef p`r` rmgfcmr mj cu` emjj`vèf y mj gmrukma mxtr`ëef!+ Wm g`rc`rà j` lmrdac` ftfj÷cdg` gfa mj `cu` tmkpjè` ysm mxtr`mrà mj `drm em su datmrdfr + Wm sulmt` mj _ìmjj÷a @urdguj`r gfa jfs emefs ëaedgm pujc`r* y `j kdskf tdmkpf sm datrfeugm j` gàauj` jdcmr`+kmatm (matrm = y 3 kk$ sfstmadmaef j` p`rtm àtmrdfr emj` lmrdac` gfa mj emef kmedf qum mst`rà pmrpmaedguj`r j` gìmz`* em t`j kàmr` qum j` numrz` qum kumvm mj äk+ ifjf h`gd` emjàtm* af pume` tràskdtdrsm `j gumrpf em j` lmrdac` y pfr gfasdcudmatm* j` gàauj af sm datrfeuzg` kàsh`gd` mj datmrdfr emj G!@!M! Mst` p`rtm em j` Uägadgkuy dkpfrtàtm y su af rm`jdz`gd÷a dkpjdg` g`sd sdmkprmefjfr `j p`gdmatm y pfsdijms gfkpjdg`gdfams!+ _fr üjtdkf sm daymgt` mj `cu` gfa gdmrt` mamrcë`* edrcdäaefj` h`gd` j` zfa` em gfat`gtf matrm j` p`rme emj gfa+eugtf y mj t`p÷a* iusgàef ìmrtur`s qum n`gdjdtma mjemspmc`kdmatf (auag` edrmgt`kmatm h`gd` mj tëkpàf* pfrmj rdmscf em pmrnfr`gd÷a$! Emim h`gmrsm em kàmr` pematm p`r` mvdt`r jmsdfa`r j` pdmj emj gfaeugtf y mj emspjz`kdmatf emj t`p÷a h`gd` j` p`rtm datmra` emj G!@!M! y sudkp`gt`gd÷a sfirm mj tëkpàf!Wm jm pmedrà j p`gdmatm qma g`sf em efjfr jf h`c` aft`r!+ Emspums em gè` drrdc`gd÷a* vfjvmr ` fismrv`r gfa mjftfsgfpdf!+ Wd mj t`p÷a af s`jm emspuäs em trms mkifjè`s* sm fismr




57

v`rà gfa mj ftfsgfpdf* y sd sdcum ndlèf j Gfaeugtf f Uëk+ pàf sm gdt`rà j p`gdmatm efs eë`s kàs t`rem daedgàaefsmjmqum sm dastdjm ftr` vmz cft`s ma mj G!@!M!+ ]a` vmz sm grm` h`y` s`jdef gfkpjmt`kmatm mj U`p÷a*kmedàtm ftfsgfpd` sm vmrà mj Gfaeugtf y Uëkpàf pfr sdhuidmr` `jcua` àfk`jë`* y em mxdstdr sm emrdv`rà `j Kä+edgf!+ Ma g`sf em qum qumema pmqumðfs rmstfs em gmrukma mamj ifrem mxtmraf emjG!@!M! jfs rmtdr`rmkfs gfa j` pdaz`ftfj÷cdg`!

+ Mj k`tmrd`j qudrürcdgf rmutdjdzìjm sm jdkpd`rà y mstmrdjd+z`rà p`r` su pfstmrdfr usf! Emsmgh`r mj k`tmrd`j em ua sfjfusf ma jfs gfatmamefrms gfrrmspfaedmatms!+ Danfrk`r `j p`gdmatm y&f n`kdjd` sfirm j` pfsdijm `p`rd+gd÷a em sëatfk`s y jfs gudeèfs pfstmrdfrms ` j` mxtr`g+gd÷a<

0+ Jdcmr` pärede` em ùedgd÷a em nfrk` tràsdtfrd` y irmvm*h`st` j` mv`pfr`gd÷a emj `cu` rmsdeur`j qum qume` ma mjgfaeugtf tr`s su jdkpdmz`!9+ Wd `p`rmgma pmqumðfs k`rmfs mvdt`r `gtdvdeèms qum

dkpjdquma pmjdcrf (gfaeugdr* mtg!$7+ _rftmcmr mj gà`j emj fëef em ua` pfsdijm danmggd÷a tr`sj` drrdc`gd÷a kàtmadäaefjf smgf 5 ÷ = eë`s h`st` qum prf+euzg` kàs gmr`!

+ Ymcdstrf ma j` hdstfrd` gjëadg` emj p`gdmatm emj ems`rrfjjfem j` tägadg`!

@gtdvdeèms prmvmatdv`s

Ms gfavmadmatm e`r danfrk`gd÷a `j p`gdmatm* sfirm tfefsd mstm h` tmadef mpdsfedfs rmpmtdefs em t`pfams* sfirm hà+ idtfs hdcdäadgfs ma mj gudeèf em jfs fëefs! Emimkfs mx+ pjdg`rjm mj p`pmj emj gmrukma ma mj fëef y mj hmghf em qumsu `gukuj`gd÷a af ms sdcaf em ua` hdcdmam emndgdmatm! Mssundgdmatm j`v`r mj pìmjj÷a ùrdguj`r y mj ifrem kàs mx+tmraf emj G@M gfa ua p`ðf malìfaèf! Emim mvdt`rsm da+trfeugdr gh`kpü* lì÷a f `jgfhfj ma mj fëef! Ma pmrsfa`sgfa prmedspfsdgd÷a j fëef em aèèfr sm `gfasml` utdjdz`r t`pfams em k`tmrd`j pjàstdgf e`ptìjm! Daedg`r j p`gdmatmqum sd aft` `jcua` kfjmstd` ma mj fëef emim `guedr ` sukäedgf y ma adacüa g`sf datmat`r mxtr`mr äj kdskf j` gmrèmj fëef! H`y qum dasdstdr ma mj rdmscf em j` utdjdz`gd÷a em i`stfagdjjfs y* s÷jf sd mj p`gdmatm prmsmat` mpdsfedfs kuynrmgumatms* sm jm pumem `gfasml`r y mxpjdg`r mj usf em gm+rukmafjëtdgfs em nfrk` pmrd÷edg`!

Idijdfcr`në`

0+ http<&&www!`kp`p!ms&prfnmsdfa&pen&prftfgfjfVtams!pen< _rftfgfjf em mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams em gmrukmkmedàtm j`vèf ÷tdgf ma @tmagd÷a _rdk`rd`! Wmrvdgdf Kerdjmðf em W`jue! Gfkuadeè em Kèrde

9+ http<&&www!smk`p!frc&efgs&efgukmatfsVsmk`p&Mtr`ggdfaU`pfamsgfaGmrukma!pen< Danfrkm sfirm mj _fsd+gdfa`kdmatf em j` Wfgdmeè em Manmrkmrë` Kèrdjmð` e

@tmagd÷a _rdk`rd` àtm j` MXUY@GGDFA EM U@_FAMGFA GMY]KMA! Afvdmkirm 9??3

7+ http<&&www!`rm`s`jueiè`lfz!gfk&e`tfs&`tmagdfaVhfs pdt`j`rd`&Mxtr ggd-G7-I7a-9?em-9?U p-G7-I7a-9?em-9?Gmrukma!-9?Edgdmkirm-9?9??4!^!0!0!pen<_rftfgfjf em mxtr`ggd÷a em t`pfams em gmrukma kmedàtmj`vèf em fëefs! Gfkdsd÷a em Gudeèfs emj Àrm` em W`jueem Iè`lfz! Edgdmkirm em 9??4! ^! 0! 0

5+http<&&www!tìjfamaijàgf!gfk&skn&daemx!php6`g

tdfa;ej`tt`gh2tfpdg;93>!?2`tt`gh;088< _rftfgfjf em mx+tr`ggd÷a em t`pfams em gmrukma (j`vèf em fëefs$! Gmatrfem s`jue )@amxf D)! Kdcumj C`jj`ref Jàghf* Jmfagdf j!Yferëcumz _ärmz

=+ http<&&www!ndstmrr`!gfk&`yue`+ma+gfasujt`&tmga`tmagdfa+prdk`rd`&t`pfa+gmrukma&< Xmrmagd` em @tm_rdk`rd`! _fatmvmer`! _rfgmsf em mxtr`ggd÷a em t`p÷a emgmrukma ma @tmagd÷a prdk`rd`! Luadf em 9?0?

>+ http<&&usu`rdfs!kujtdkàd`!ms&surgj`ss&wfre&mspmeèms0&>!pen< Mkmrcmagd`s ftfrrdafj`rdacfj÷cdg`s! Gàtmer` em gdrucë`! Er _merf Àacmjms! _dur`+_mrü 9??=!_àcda`s 8 ` 0?!



55 Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 55Yfkmrf W`je`ð`* K

@sk` pmrsdstmatm* gfaedgdfams em gfkfridjdeè y mj rdmscf em dag`p`gdeè p`r` mj trì`lf< ua mstuedf em gfhfrtm prfspm

55

Datrfeuggd÷a

Mj `sk` ms ua` manmrkmeè danj`k`tfrd` gr÷adg` gfküaem j`s vë`s `ärm`s g`r`gtmrdzè` pfr sëatfk`s v`rdìjms yrmgurrmatms* fistruggd÷a rmvmrsdijm `j njulf `ärmf m hdpm+rrm`gtdvdeè irfaqud`j! Mj `sk` ms ua` em j`s prdagdp`jmsgùs`s em jdkdt`gd÷a ma mj trì`lf af emide`s ` tr`stfrafskusgujfmsqujätdgfs! Mstuedfs prmvdfs sucdmrma qum mj`sk` nmgt` amc`tdv`kmatm j` prfeugtdvdeè emj trì`lf!J`s pmrsfa`s gfa `sk` sfa t`kidäa kmafs prfiìdjdeèmsem smr mkpjmèfs ma mj prdkmr juc`r! Wda mki`rcf* mj p`pmj

em j` gfkfridjdeè ma mj `sk` r`r` vmz sm h` tmadef magumat` ma jfs mstuedfs em ùsmagd` pfr manmrkmeè!

Filmtdvf

Mstm mstuedf mx`kda÷ sd mj `sk` sfjf f luatf gfa gf+kfridjdeè gr÷adg` sm `sfgd` gfa ua k`yfr rdmscf em da+g`p`gdeè em trì`lf ` j`rcf pj`zf!

K`tmrd`j y kätfefs

Wm à`jdz`rfa jfs e`tfs em 9!779 `skàtdgfs y >>!7=5af `skàtdgfs* tfefs trì`lèfrms emj smgtfr püijdgf maNdajàed`* qum rmspfaedmrfa ` ua` magumst` matrm mj pm+rdfef em 0443 ` 9??5! Jfs trì`lèfrms numrfa gj`sdndg`+efs gfkf `skàtdgfs pmrsdstmatms sd kàtmaëà uagfasukf gfatdauèf y pmrkàmatm em kmedg`kmatfs p`r`mj sk`* rmcdstrèf pfr mj Dastdtutf em j` Wmcurdeè Wfgd`jndajàeäs!Jfs e`tfs sfirm edsg`p`gdeè em trì`lf ` j`rcf pj`zf(pmasdfams pfr edsg`p`gdeè* ùsmagd`s pfr manmrkmeèsupmrdfrms 4? eë`s$ sm fituvdmrfa em jfs rmcdstrfs a`gdf+a`jms! Mj rdmscf em edsg`p`gdeè pfr mj trì`lf num mx`kd+aèf pfr jfs kfemjfs em rdmscf prfpfrgdfa`j em Gfx lus+tèf pfr meè* smxf* mj advmj sfgdfmgfa÷kdgf* mj tdpf emgfatr`tf em trì`lf y mj tdpf em mkpjmèfr!

Ymsujtèfs

Mj `sk` ùkmat÷ mj rdmscf em edsg`p`gdè p`r` mj tr`+ i`lf pfr tfe`s j`s gùs`s j`rcf pj`zf* H`z`re Y`tdf (HY$0*8 (0*>9 9*?4$ DG p:?*?=* ma gfkp`r`gd÷a gfa jfs gfa+trfjms (trì`lèfrms sda `sk`$!

Mj sk` y ua` gfkfridjdeè gr÷adg` ukmat÷ mj rdmscfem edsg`p`gdeè ` j`rcf pj`zf p`r` mj trì`lf pfr gu`jqudmr gùs` gfa HY 9*9 (0*38+9*87$ DG p:?*?=! Mj `sk` luatf

gfa efs f kàs gfaedgdfams gr÷adg`s ùkmat÷ mj rdmscf gfaHY 5*=(9*48+>*38$!Mj `sk` y j` emprmsd÷a ùkmat` mj rdmscf em HY 7*> y

num mj rdmscf mspmgd`jkmatm `jtf em edsg`p`gdeè pmrkamatm p`r` mj trì`lf (HY >*8$! Matrm j`s pmrsfa`s gfa`sk` hìë` kàs kulmrms* fimsdeè (DKG 7?$* mx nuk`+efrms y ua kmafr crèf em jfs trì`lèfrms af kàu`jms!

Gfagjusdfams

Mj `sk` sm `sfgd` gfa ua k`yfr rdmscf em edsg`p`gdeè

` j`rcf pj`zf p`r` mj trì`lf pfr gu`jqudmr gùs`! Mj rdmscfùkmat` `üa kàs gfa gf+kfridjdeè gr÷adg`* y ms mspm+gd`jkmatm `jt` ma jfs p`gdmatms gfa idafkdf `sk`+emprm+sd÷a!

Idijdfcr`në`

0+ Ymvdst` @jjmrcy* 9?00 Emgmkimr* >>(09$< 0=48‗0>@utfrms<Ydda` H`bfj`* _ùj` Bùppd* Udkf Jmdaf* @aamjd Fl`lårvd*L`à` _mattd* Uuuj` Fbsàma* U`rd H``htmj`* Kdb` Bdvd+kåbd* àe Lussd ^`htmr`Gmatrf em Urì`lf<Uhm Ndaadsh Dastdtutm fn Fggup`tdfa`j Hm`jth* Uurbu àHmjsdabd* Ndajàe!

@sk` pmrsdstmatm* gfaedgdfams emgfkfridjdeè y mj rdmscf emdag`p`gdeè p`r` mj trì`lf<ua mstuedf em gfhfrtm prfspmgtdvf

Ymsmð` em W`jue Jìfr`j

@utfrms

Yfkmrf W`je`ð`* Kàumj

Manmrkmrf emj Urì`lfMxgkf! @yuat`kdmatf em G÷refi`



5=Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 5=C`jjmcf Yuidf* YYdmscf em cjdfk` ma usu`rdfs em pj`cudgde`s< mstuedf em g`sfs+gfatrfj

5=

Datrfeuggd÷a

]a mxgmsf em dagdemagd` em gàagmr gmrmir`j ma jfs `crd+gujtfrms sm h` fismrvèf ma v`rdfs mstuedfs! Ma jëam` gfamstfs àtmgmematms* j` Edrmggd÷a A`gdfa`j emj Dastdtutf p`r` j` Wmcurdeè y W`jue Fgup`gdfa`j em MM]](ADFWH$ ems`rrfjj÷ mj Mstuedf em W`jue emj @jtf KmedfFmstm (]KHW$ gfkf ua mstuedf em g`sfs y gfatrfjms* p`r` mstued`r j` rmj`gd÷a matrm j` `p`rdgd÷a em cjdfk`s da+tr`gràm`jms y mj usf em pj`cudgde`s ma mj àrm` rur`j! Majfs mstuedfs prmvdfs em ]KHW jfs p`rtdgdpàtms mxpums+

tfs )` vmgms+ auag`) ` jfs pmstdgde`s `crëgfj`s* mj ààjdsdsem hfkirms y kulmrms pfr smp`rèf* af h`jj÷ `sfgd`gd÷a pfsdtdv` em j` mxpfsdgd÷a `crëgfj` em pj`cudgde`s y jfsrdmscfs em cjdfk`!

Mj filmtdvf prdagdp`j em mstm mstuedf ms emtmrkda`r sdjfs `pjdgèfrms em pmstdgde`s pfsmma ua k`yfr rdmscf emcjdfk` ma hfkirms y kulmrms!

K`tmrd`j y kätfefs

Mj mstuedf dagjuy÷ 348 g`sfs gfandrkèfs hdstfj÷cdg`+

kmatm gfa cjdfk` prdk`rdf datr`gràm`j (g`sfs$ y 0!03=gfatrfjms i`sèfs ma j` pfij`gd÷a* tfefs èujtfs (08+8?`ðfs$* pmrtmamgdmatms àrm`s rur`jms y rmsdematms em Dfw`*Kdghdcà* Kdaamsft` y Sdsgfasda! Wm rm`jdz÷ ua ààjdsdsguàtdt`tdvf utdjdzàef j` mxpfsdgd÷a mstdkè` ` p`rtdr emua gumstdfa`rdf qum num mv`juèf pfr ua hdcdmadst` daeus+trd`j mxpmrdkmatèf gfa 9= `ðfs em trì`lf ma mj ààjdsdsem pmstdgde`s `crëgfj`s! Wm g`jguj÷ j` Fees Y`tdf y smgfastruymrfa datmrv`jfs em gfandàz` gfa ua` smcurdeèemj 4=-! Wm rm`jdz`rfa kfemjfs em rmcrmsd÷a jfcëstdg` p`r` g`jguj`r j` `sfgd`gd÷a gfa v`rdìjms gfdagdematms manrmgumagd` (0? ðfs crupf em meè y smxf$* y p`r` j` meèy j` meug`gd÷a (ua sustdtutf em advmj sfgdfmgfa÷kdgf$!Jfs ààjdsds sm rm`jdz`rfa pfr smp`rèf gfa f sda jfs ma+gumstèfs!

Ymsujtèfs

Af sm fismrv`rfa `sfgd`gdfams pfsdtdv`s sdcadndg`tdv`smatrm j` `p`rdgd÷a em cjdfk` y j` mxpfsdgd÷a pmstdgde``crëgfj`s euràtm jfs `ðfs `gukujèfs f ` tfe` j` vde`!Wda mki`rcf* së sm h`jj÷ ua` sfgd`gd÷a davmrs` sdcadndg`tdv` p`r` pj`cudgde`s (nmafxds$ ma trì`lèfrms `crëgfj`s(FY ?*4>$ DG ?!47 ` ?!44! Af sm fismrv`rfa rmsujtèfssdcadndg`tdvfs guàef sm mxgjuymrfa jfs trì`lèfrms sus+tdtutfs! Jfs trì`lèfrms af `crëgfj`s usu`rdfs em gu`j+qudmr pj`cudgde`s kfstr`rfa ua rdmscf edskdaudef em

cjdfk`< ?*39* DG ?!=9+?!44! Emj kdskf kfef* jfs `pjdg`+efrms em pj`cudgde`s em g`s` y l`reëa tmaëà ua kmafr rdmscf em cjdfk`< FY ?*34* DG ?!>>+?!47* gfa j`s `sfgd`gdfams davmrs`s mstèëstdg`kmatm sdcadndg`tdv`s p`r` mj uem 9*5+E* `rsmad`tfs* frcàfnfsn`tfs* y nmafxds!

Gfagjusdfams

Mstfs rmsujtèfs sfa gfasdstmatms gfa jfs h`jj`zcfs a+tmrdfrms p`r` ]KHW em j` mxpfsdgd÷a ` jfs pmstdgde`s `crëgfj`s! _fr tàtf* sm rmnumrz` j` n`jt` em sfgd`gd÷a pfsdtdv`

matrm jfs pmstdgde`s y cjdfk`!Idijdfcr`në`

0+ Ymvdst` Mavdrfakmat`j Hm`jth 9?09* 00<74@utfrms<L`kms H Tdda* @vdk` K Yuemr* _`trdgd` @ Wtmw`rt* K`rt@ S`tmrs* Uàd` G`rrm÷a* K`ry @aa Iutjmr* Cmfnnrmy KG`jvmrt* B`rma M E`vds+Bdac* _ùj @ Wghujtm* L`gbKàemj* Yfsgfm N Kfrtfa* Efucj`s L Ymedac* Bmaamth EYfsmakà àe Ir`da!Gmatrf em Urì`lf< A`tdfa`j Dastdtutm nfr Fggup`tdfa`j W`nmty àe Hm`jth*Gdagdaa`td* FH* ]W@

Ydmscf em cjdfk` ma usu`rdfs empj`cudgde`s< mstuedf em g`sfs+gfatrfj

Ymsmð` em W`jue Jìfr`j

@utfrms

C`jjmcf Yuidf* Y`k÷aManmrkmrf emj Urì`lf

Gdueè Ym`j



5> Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 5>+53Hmrrmr` Ifaf* L@

Jfs ðfs emj kdmef* em Luà Msj`v` C`jàa

5>

Mj tëtujf emj jdirf tdmam su frdcma ma ua smatdkdmatf

qum* ma fpdad÷a emj msgrdtfr* sm ì`td÷ sfirm kughfs ms+ p`ðfjms em `qumjj` äpfg`! )Mj kdmef ms mj smatdkdmatf emj` dakmas` k`yfrë` em j` pfij`gd÷a msp`ðfj` ma mstfs`ðfs! Af s÷jf em jfs qum hà pmredef j` cumrr`* sdaf t`k+ idäa em jfs qum j` hà càèf! Mj Mstèf `rrdagfa` `j da+edvdeuf! Jfs qum cà`rfa j` cumrr` prfgmeëà em ua`Ympüijdg` qum edf jmyms `pmrturdst`s ` j` kulmr! Guàefjfs nràqudst`s eà mj gmrrfl`zf* mstf `nmgt` ` j`s kulmrmsem emrmgh`s f em dzqudmre`s! Mj kdmef ` j`s emj`gdfams`nmgt` ` uafs gfkf ` ftrfs! Wd uaf af qudmrm kfrdrsm emh`kirm* tdmam qum emjdaqudr ` tr`väs emj mstr`pmrjf)!

_mrf* luatf ` j`s `prfxdk`gdfams kàs hdstfrdgdst`s* qumafs pmrkdtma smcudr j` mvfjugd÷a emj Yäcdkma emsem j`trduan`j matrè` ma Kèrde em Nràgf mj eë` em j` ^dgtfrd`h`st` j` ems`p`rdgd÷a em j`s g`rtdjj`s em r`gdfa`kdmatftrmgm `ðfs kàs t`rem* p`sàef pfr j` ‚amutr`jdeè‛ msp`+ðfj` euràtm j` DD Cumrr` kuaed`j* mj tmatèf n`jjdef gfa+tr` mj edgtèfr f j` vdsdt` em Mv` _mr÷a* matrm ftrfs kughfs`spmgtfs* emst`gà em ‘Jfs ðfs emj kdmef— jfs iuaeàtms p`s`lms emedgèfs ` rmgfastrudr j` vde` gfrrdmatm em gdu+eèàfs gfrrdmatms* vmagmefrms f vmagdefs* euràtm mstmednëgdj tdmkpf! Wdmkprm i`ðèfs pfr mj smatdef emj hukfr emj qum h`gm c`j` mj ùtfr ` jf j`rcf emj jdirf* emsguirdkfs` uafs pmrsfa`lms qum sm irma p`sf rfemèfs em pmaurd`s` numrz` em tms÷a y ma kugh`s fg`sdfams em pdg`reë`! Edc+afs hmrmemrfs em j` afvmj` pdg`rmsg` `jcuafs em jfs prf+t`cfadst`s em j` fir`* ma mspmgd`j jfs k`sgujdafs* pfamasfirm j` kms` tfefs sus rmgursfs p`r` trmp`r pfr j`s rma+edl`s em ua räcdkma qum prmkd` gu`jdeèms gfkf j` èu+j`gd÷a* j` hdpfgrmsë` f mj crmc`rdskf ma crèf supmrj`tdvf!Gfanfrkà mstm tdpf em emsgrdpgdfams* luatf ` j`s qum rm+tr`tà j` rmprmsd÷a smxu`j em j` äpfg` ` g`rcf em jfs rm+ prmsmatàtms mgjmsdàstdgfs* `jcuafs em jfs kfkmatfs kàsmatrmtmadefs y ` j` vmz surrm`jdst`s em mstm kfs`dgf em j`

vde` msp`ðfj`!Mj prfnmsfr ldmamasm afs prmsmat` ua pmrëfef gfkprma+edef matrm k`yf emj 74 y mj kdskf kms em 04=92 pfgf

kàs em ua` eägè` qum sm gfafgd÷ gfkf ‚jfs `ðfs emj

h`kirm‛! _mrëfef em j` pfscumrr` gdvdj y DD Cumrr` Kua+ed`j* euràtm mj gu`j sm kàtuvdmrfa j`s mxpmgt`tdv`s* tàt pfr ua` n`ggd÷a gfkf pfr ftr`* ma nuagd÷a emj rmsujtèfem edgh` gfatdmae`* y qum `j nda`j af s`tdsndzf ` aèdm* f tfefs emnrùe÷* pums t`jms mxpmgt`tdv`s af sm vdmrfa guk pjde`s!

Gfa nda` drfaë` y ua k`cdstr`j tr`t`kdmatf em jfs pmr+sfa`lms* afs v` rmj`tàef j`s vdgdsdtuems em j`s gj`sms sf+gd`jms em j` Msp`ð` em j` äpfg` `gfkp`ðèf emnftfcr`në`s* y ua` smrdm em efgukmatfs qum afs pmrkdtmatr`z`r ua` kuy ndmj dem` em jf vdvdef pfr tfefs `qumjjfsqum sunrdmrfa j` ùt`rquë` nràqudst`* gfa su pdg`rmsg`* yma emndadtdv` su jugh` pfr j` supmrvdvmagd` em uafs* y vdj mardqumgdkdmatf y mj `sgmasf sfgd`j ` gfst` em jf qumnumr` em ftrfs!

Euràtm j` cumrr` sm h` p`sèf h`kirm ma j` zfa` rm+ puijdgà` y sfj`kmatm msg`smz ma j` a`gdfa`j! J` rmuadnd+g`gd÷a em j`s efs zfa`s hfkfcmamëz` mj h`kirm y j`mxtdmaem ` tfef mj p`ës* mspmgd`jkmatm ` j`s zfa`s emsnvfrmgde`s! Ma vdst` em qum jfs prfijmk`s em ì`stmgd+kdmatf ùkmatà* mj Cfidmraf r`gdfa` jfs `jdkmatfs em prdkmr` amgmsdeè!

J`s g`rtdjj`s em r`gdfa`kdmatf qum pmreur`rfa h`st`04=9 (pràgtdg`kmatm mj pmrëfef qum ì`rg` j` fir`$* edmrfajuc`r ftrf nma÷kmaf prfpdf em j` eägè` qum afs fgup`*mj mstr`pmrjf! T vdstf jf qum dagjuë` ua` r`gd÷a smkà`j p`r` ua` pmrsfa`* af ms em mxtr`ð`r<

‚Ma 045?* j` r`gd÷a smkà`j em ua` pmrsfa` ms em7?? cr`kfs em `züg`r* ua gu`rtf em jdtrf em `gmdtm* 5?? cr`kfs em c riàzfs y ua humvf! Gè` smkà` j` prmas` y j` rèdf puijdgà j` gfkpfsdgd÷a emj jftm qum sm v` `rmp`rtdr! @jcua`s vmgms sm `ðèm ` j` r`gd÷a 0?? cr`kfsem g`ram2 ftr`s* efs humvfs!‛

@atm mst` sdtu`gd÷a sm demà rmgmt`s afvmefs`s* q

mj ùtfr afs rmj`t`* gfa ndaf hukfr* pmrf qum sd jf pmas`+kfs nrë`kmatm* j` pfij`gd÷a sunrd÷ j`s gfasmgumagd`s gfasmvmrdeè! @ kfef em mlmkpjf vä`sm< `rrfz em jdmirm `j n

Jfs `ðfs emj kdmef* em Luà Msj`v` C`jàaHukàdskf y Manmrkmrë`

@utfrms

Lfsä @atfadf Hmrrmr` IfafJdgmagdèf ma Ndjfjfcë` Hdspàadg`

G÷refi`



jdaf efkästdgf* mj ghftf gfa `lfs `j gà* mj s`jghdgh÷a `j` vmtust` `gäkdj`* mj gfghdadjjf ` j` trdquda`… ‚`rrfz emNràgf‛ (@rrfz p`rtdef gfa lf rmhfcèf y jùrmj$* ‚p`t`+t`s ` jf pfirm‛ (p`t`t`s* jùrmj* pdkdmatf* tfk`tm y gfjf+ràtm$!

J`s `k`s em g`s` tr`tà em supjdr j` pmaurd` gfa dacm+adf! H`y ua` puijdg`gd÷a em ua gfgdamrf* Dca`sd Efkè+amgh* Gfgda` em rmgursfs* ma mj qum sm fnrmgma rmgmt`s emjtdpf g`j`k`rms nrdtfs sda g`j`k`rms* g`redjjfs ifrrdqumrfs` j` kèrdjmð` y j` kàs kmrdtfrd`* tfrtdjj` em p`t`t`s sdahumvf y sda p`t`t`s<

‚J`s p`t`t`s sm sustdtuyma pfr j`sg`s emms` g`p` ijàg` y mspfalfs` qum tdmama (ftmaëà$ j`s a`ràl`s matrm j` gàsg`r` y jfs c`lfs! Wm `rràg` mst` g`p` gfa gudeèf yguàef sm tdmam ua pj`tf jjmaf sm pfam marmkflf euràtm ua`s hfr`s! Mj sugmeàamfem jfs humvfs sm gfasdcum gfa ua`s cft`sem `gmdtm* gu`trf gugh`rè`s em h`rda`*edmz em `cu`* ua` em idg`rifa`tf* ua` puj+ cè` em pdkdmat` kfjde * s`j j custf y ua` pdzg` em gfjfràtm `rtdndgd`j qum `pfrt` mj tfaf em j` ymk`! Wm i`tm tfef h`st` gfavmr+

tdrjf ma ua` grmk` i`stàtm jëqude`* sdkdj`r ` jfs humvfs i`tdefs! @hfr` sm jm ðèma j`s pmjèur`s em a`ràl` gfavmadmatmkmatm msgurrde`s y pf+ghè`s* sm kmzgj` y sm gfgda` ma j` s`rtäa gfkf ua` tfr+tdjj` em p`t`t`s!‛

Afs `pfrt` e`tfs em jfs danfrkms em j` Edrmggd÷a Cm+amr`j em Wàdeè `gmrg` em j` pfij`gd÷a kèrdjmð` matrmjfs `ðfs 0450 y 0457 y j`s gàtdeèms g`j÷rdg`s qum `j+gàzà smcüa su advmj em dacrmsfs! @së kdskf e`tfs em j`s`jue püijdg`* qum sm rmsdmatm y vumjvma ` p`rmgmr manmr+kmeèms gfkf mj ‚j`tdrdskf kmedtmrràamf‛* tuimrgujfsds*edntmrd`* tdnus… tfef mjjf emrdvèf em j` kësmr` `jdkmat`+gd÷a y em j` hdcdmam!

Ma 04=9 `gìà j`s rmstrdggdfams mjägtrdg`s* sm suprd+kma j`s g`rtdjj`s em r`gdfa`kdmatf y Nràgf e` ua vdr`lm pfjëtdgf y sm mgh` ma ir zfs em jfs kmrdgàfs! Mj tdmkpfgfkprmaedef matrm mj nda`j em j` Cumrr` Gdvdj y 04=9 msua pmrdfef kuy emndadef! J`s jëam`s efkdaàtms vdvde`s pfr j pfij`gd÷a sfa mj h`kirm y mj kdmef! Jf qum emimrë`smr ua` pfscumrr` jdcmr` sm prfjfac` kàs em ua` eägè` pfr ua` pfjëtdg` mgfa÷kdg` emkmagd`j pfr p`rtm emNràgf* qum qudmrm edrdcdr mj p`ës gfkf ua gu`rtmj! @em+kàs* numr` em Msp`ð` sm prfeugm j` DD Cumrr` Kuaed`j* jfqum af `yue` ` j` rmgfastruggd÷a emj p`ës! Ma msm tdmkpfem ùt`rquë`* gfa j` Dcjmsd`)èumðè` em j` meug`gd÷a*j` kfe`* mj tdmkpf jdirm!!!) * njfrmgdmrfa jfs davmatfs p`+

53Manmrkmrë` emj Urì`lf 9?072 DDD< 5>+53Hmrrmr` Ifaf* L@Jfs ðfs emj kdmef* em Luà Msj`v` C`jàa

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trd÷tdgfs gfkf mj c`s÷cmaf y mj jmacu`lm sm tràsnfrk÷!Mj firmrf mr` mj prfeugtfr2 mj gfð`g* `cu`redmatm lmrmzàj` mas`jèdjj` rus`* dkpmrd`j2 G`pmrugdt` Yfl`* Mag`raè`2K`rc`rdt` Cùtdmr* Cutdärrmz2 y mj qum kfstrì` daempmaemagd`* sm )sdcadndgì`)! Ms`s mrà j`s )k`j`s) p`jìr`s*j`s prmnmrde`s )lmr`rquë`)* )dkpmrd`j)* )smðmrf) f )vd iràtm) qum èlmtdvìà ` ua` sfgdmeè ma j` qum sm vma+eëà mstdjfcràndg`s ` pj`zfs y hìë` t`jjmrms em rmp`r`gd÷aem gmpdjjfs em edmatms!

J`s djustr`gdfams qum gfkp`ðà mj jdirf* jfs aukmrf+sfs ghdstms em j` äpfg` qum `p`rmgma rmnjm+ lèfs y j` rmprfeuggd÷a em aukmrfsfs

àuagdfs qum `p`rmgdmrfa ma j` prmas` emjkfkmatf sfa ftrfs mjmkmatfs qum pmrkd+tma edsnrut`r em ua` fir` qum* ùaqum pume` af smr emj custf em jfs hdstfrdèfrmskàs frtfefxfs* rmsujt` `jt`kmatm rmgfkma+eìjm p`r` qudmams emsmma èmatr`rsm mauafs `ðfs crdsms y gfa nrmgumagd` er`kà+tdgfs em nfrk` vëvde` y `kma`!



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Enfermería del Trabajo, volumen 3, número 1, 2013

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