Ensayo e Structuralism Oy Conduct is Mo

7/25/2019 Ensayo e Structuralism Oy Conduct is Mo

1/16

ENSAYO

ESTRUCTURALISMO Y CONDUCTISMO

La Psicologa cientfica y sus sistemas te!icos "#$%&

Tuto!' (e!m)n Ale*an+!o Mi!an+a Da,

Alumnos'

Ana Eli,a-et. /ua!e, Ma!tine,

Ale*an+!a 0!oca U!i-ePat!icia /imene, Se!!anoRo-e!to Angel (a!cia 1igue!oa

(!u2o' 3#45

1


2/16

6NDICE

I7 INTRODUCCI8N.. 3

II7 O0/ETI9O. 3

III7 LAS TEORIAS

3.1.ANTECEDENTES HISTRICOS 4

3.2.EL ESTRUCTURALISMO... 5

3.3.EL CONDUCTISMO.... 7

3.4.OBJETO Y MTODO DE ESTUDIO... 9

3.5.CRTICAS Y MEJORAS. 11

3.6.CONTRIBUCIONES EN LA SICOLO!A MODERNA 14

I97 CONCLUSIONES.. 15

97 0I0LIO(RA16A.. 16

2


3/16

I. INTRODUCCI8N'

L" #$%&'(')*" &'+' &%,-&%" " /%/%0' 0%,,-,$ +'+,-'$ 0"-, (" %$'%".

L" &'+#(,%0"0 #"" 0,%-% $ ',' 0, ,$0%' "$* &'+' $ +,'0'(')*" " $%0'#", 0, (" ,/'(&%- 8 0, ('$ ,'$ #"" &'-$'(%0"$, &'+' -" 0%$&%#(%-" 0,,$0%' '+"(.

M&'$ %($''$ 8 &%,-*%&'$ "- ""0' 0, 0,(%+%" 8 0,%-% " (" #$%&'(')*" (':, " 0,%/"0' ,- ("$ ,'*"$ 8 ,$&,("$ #$%&'()%&"$ :, &'-'&,+'$ 8 :, "-,/'(&%'-"0' " "/;$ 0,( %,+#'.

E( %-%&%' $, 0%' "( ,"(%$ ('$ +'%/'$ 0, $ 0%/,$%0"0.

II. O0/ETI9O'

"" #'0, ,-,-0, &'- +"8' &("%0"0 ('$ %-%&%'$ 8 0,$"'((' 0, (" $%&'(')*",/%$",+'$ ,( %-%&%' 0, $ '+"(%


4/16

III7 LAS TEORIAS

3.1.ANTECEDENTES HISTRICOS

L" %$'%" 0, (" &%,-&%" $, ,+'-" " ('$ %,+#'$ 0, ('$ )%,)'$ 0'-0, ('$#%+,'$ #,-$"0',$ 0%/%0%,'- ('$ #%-&%#"(,$ ,+"$ #$%&'()%&'$ ,- /"%"$'%,-"&%'-,$ &'+' $'- (" -""(%$" %'()%&" +",+>%&" ,&(;&%&" 8+"-%$" ,$'$ %($''$ ,("&%'-""- " (" /%0" 8 (" +",%" &'+' ,(,+,-'$%-$,#""(,$ #' (' :, ,( '+, ,$"" ,("&%'-"0' &'- ,( -%/,$' 0, +"-,"*-%+". C'- ('$ )%,)'$ &'+%,-(%$%$ &"-%"%/' 0, ("$,#,%,-&%"$ $,-$'%"(,$ 8 #,&,#"(,$ , %


5/16

57:7EL ESTRUCTURALISMO

L" #$%&'(')*" +'0,-" /' $$ '*),-,$ ,- (" #,'"&%- #' (" +,0%&%- 0,('$ #'&,$'$ #$%&'()%&'$ &8' %-%&%' $, '$,/ ,- ('$ ""'$ 0, ('$ %($''$"(,+"-,$ E-,$ F,, 8 !$"/ G,&-, :%,-,$ $, #'#$%,'- ,$"(,&, -"+,0%&%- &"-%"%/" 0, ("$ $,-$"&%'-,$ ((,)"-0' " %+#($" (" #$%&'*$%&" 8 ("'+("&%- 0, (" L,8 0, F,, G,&-,.

E( $%$,+" #$%&'()%&' 0,-'+%-"0' E$&"(%$+' , -0"0' #' F%(,(+M"%+%(%"- F-0 1K32192? &'- ,( 0%$,@' 0,( #%+, ("'"'%' 0, $%&'(')*"E#,%+,-"( ,- (" U-%/,$%0"0 0, L,%#- :, 0,$,+#,@ - '( %+#'"-, ,- ("&'-$%&%- 0, (" $%&'(')*" E#,%+,-"( ,("&%'->-0'(" &'- (" "-"'+*" 8 ("%$%'(')*". S ',%/' , 0,$"'((" -" #$%&'(')*" ,#,%+,-"( "0+%%,-0',&'$ 8 ,&%,-0' ,- (" +,0%0" 0, (' #'$%(, " (" ,#,%+,-"&%- 8 " ("+,0%&%-.

E$ &'-$%0,"0' ,( #"0, 0, (" #$%&'(')*" ,(,+,-%$" #':, 0,$&'+#'-, ("&'-&%,-&%" ,- ,(,+,-'$ $%+#(,$ , %,0&%(,$. L'$ &"+#'$ 0, %-/,$%)"&%- ,-,( ("'"'%' ,#,%+,-"( -0"0' #' F. F-0 &'+#,-0,

1. L" $%&'%$%'(')*" 0, ('$ $,-%0'$ ,- #"%&(" 0, (" /%$" 8 ,( '*0'.

2. E( %,+#' 0, ,"&&%- ,$*+(' ,$#,$"3. L" $%&'*$%&"4. L" "$'&%"&%- +,-"( $%)%,-0' ,( "$'&%"&%'-%$+' 0, (" %('$'*" ,+#*%&""-)('$"'-".

A( ("'"'%' 0, L,%#


6/16

E$" #'$%&%- %0,-%%&"0" &'+' ,0&&%'-%$+' $, ,#,%> ,- (" %$'%" 0, ("

$%&'(')*" "$" (" "&"(%0"0. L" %+#'"-&%" 0, ,$, T%&,-, -' "0%&" ,- $#'0&&%- &%,-*%&" $%-' ,- (" ,$#,$" :, #'/'& ,- ('$ %-/,$%)"0',$-',"+,%&"-'$ &'- $ #'$" %-(,%(, 8 "'%"%" 0, (,)%%+" :; ,"&%,-*%&' 8 :, -'.

T%&,-, &,*" :, ,( $,((' 0%$%-%/' 0,( +;'0' &%,-*%&' ," (" '$,/"&%- :,,- $ '#%-%- %-&(*" "+%;- (" ,#,%+,-"&%-. P,*" ,( ,#,%+,-' &'+' -"'$,/"&%- :, $, #'0*" ,#,% "%$(" 8 /"%"$ "$,)"-0' 0, "( '+" (","&%0 8 (" &("%0"0. D%$%-)% (,)' ,-, ,( %#' 0, '$,/"&%- #'#%' 0, ("&%,-&%" *$%&" +%" "&%" "," 8 (" '$,/"&%- #$%&'()%&" ' %-'$#,&&%-+%" "&%" "0,-'

E- $$ '"$ "(" 0, (" &'-&%,-&%" &'+' - &'+#,$' 0, #'&,$'$ +>$ :, 0,,(,+,-'$. T%&,-, 0,%-*" (" C'-&%,-&%" &'+' L" $+" '"( 0, ("$ ,#,%,-&%"$0, -" #,$'-". L" M,-, ," (" $+" '"( 0, ('$ #'&,$'$ +,-"(,$,#,%+,-"0'$ #' ,( %-0%/%0' 0"-, $ /%0". L"$ %0,"$ ('$ $,-%+%,-'$ ('$%+#($'$ ,&

T%&,-, $,@"(' ,$ #'(,+"$ +8 $%+%(",$ " ('$ #("-,"0'$ #' F-0

L" +," 0,( #$%&(')' ,$

1. A-"(%


7/16

$, &'-&,-"'- ,- ,( ,$0%' 0,( "#,-0%


8/16

T'(+"- -%,)" ,( 0"(%$+' "0%&%'-"( ,-, ,( +-0' *$%&' ',%/' 8 -,$"$$,-$"&%'-,$ $', ;( 8 0'-0, ,#(%&"" :, $'(' "8 ,-%0"0 ,"( 8 ,$" ,$ (" 0,(" ,#,%,-&%" &'+' - '0'.

' '" #", ("$ /"%"(,$ %-,/%-%,-,$ 0'-0, &"0" -" 0, ("$ ,'*"$#$%&'()%&"$ ,$#,&' "( &"+#' 0,( "#,-0%%'$ ,$#,$"$ "-%&%#"'%"$ 0, +,"$.H(( 0,$"'(("*" $ $%$,+" ,%&' ,- ,$ (%'$.

E( #%+,' 0,0%&"0' " #,$,-" ,( &'--' 0, #'$("0'$ -0"+,-"(,$ #""0,0&% (" &'-0&" 0, ('$ +"+*,'$. 19423

E( $,)-0' (%' "#,-0%


9/16

D, ,$" ,'*" $, #("-,"'- 0'$ /"%"-,$ ("$ &"(,$ $'- ,( &'-0%&%'-"+%,-'&(>$%&' 8 ,( &'-0%&%'-"+%,-' %-$+,-"( 8 '#,"-, 8" :, ,- ,( #%+,' 0,,(('$ 0,$&%, -" "$'&%"&%- ,-, ,$%+(' 8 ,$#,$" 0, '+" :, $%$",+'$ #("-," ('$ ,$*+('$ "0,&"0'$ #' &'-$%)%,-, ',-0,+'$ (",$#,$" "0,&"0" ,- ,$" /"%"-, ,#(%&" "- $'(' &'+#'"+%,-'$,(,+,-"(,$ ,- ,( &"$' 0, (" $,)-0" /"%"-, ,( &'-0%&%'-"+%,-' %-$+,-"( 8'#,"-, 8" :, #,$%), (" &'-$'(%0"&%- 0, (" ,$#,$" $,)- ,( ,$%+('$&"-0' ('$ ,'(%$%$ 0, (" $'&%,0"0 "&"( 8 0, ('$ #'(,+"$ "('$ &"(,$ $, ,-,-" ,-,+'$ "+%;- ('$ ,#,%+,-'$ &'- "-%+"(,$ 0,("'"'%'.

L" ,'*" &'-0&%$" -' ,-*" #'&,$'$ %-,-'$ #"" &'+#,-0, (" &'-0&" 8$'(' &'+#,-0, (" &'-0&" 8 $'(' #,,-0*" #,0,&%(" 8 &'-'("(" 8" :, "(',%/' 0, ,$" ,'*" ,$ "-"(%


10/16

0,, &'-0&% " (" "&&%- ,,&%/". E$ 0,&% (" -,&,$%0"0 0, (" $%+#(, 0,$&%#&%-0, (" &'-0&" '$,/"0" ,$ ,$#,&%"(+,-, -''%" ,- ("$ >,"$ 0, (" #$%&'(')*".

SQ%--, ,$ %-0%$&%(,+,-, -" 0, ("$ %)"$ +>$ %+#'"-,$ 0, (" #$%&'(')*"0,( $%)(' == ,- 0'-0, $$ "#'"&%'-,$ " (" #$%&'(')*" ,#,%+,-"( 8 :, #'&%,' ,- (" "8,&'%" #,$'-"( 0, - )"- #$%&(')' &'- &'-%"--0'$, 0,(" %0," 0, F"$'-.

Y #' (' "-' $ ',' 0, %-/,$%)"&%- $%), $%,-0' (" /%0" +,-"( 8 ,- 0'-0,;( -' (, :,0" +>$ :, "&,#" ("$ &'-0%&%'-,$ ,- ("$ :, #,0" """ 8 ,$',$ " +"-," 0, 0, ,$0%" -"0" +>$ :, ("$ +"-%,$"&%'-,$ /%$%(,$ 8" :, -'#,0,- "&&,0, (%,+,-, "( ,$0%' 0, (" +,-,.

U-" #", %+#'"-, 0, ('$ ,$&%'$ 0, SQ%--, &',$#'-0, +>$ &'- (" %('$'*"$'&%"( :, &'- (" #$%&'(')*" ,#,%+,-"( 8" :, (" +"8'*" 0, ('$ ,$&%'$ %"-0%%)%0'$ "( #(%&' ,- ),-,"( :, " ('$ +%$+'$ ,$#,&%"(%$"$ 0, (" #$%&'(')*".

E$ /,0"0 :, SQ%--, /,*" ,- (" &%,-&%" (" /*" +>$ $,)" #"" ,$'(/, ('$#'(,+"$ $'&%"(,$ ,- (' :, (" +"8'*" 0, ("$ /,&,$ "&"$"" #' ("$ /*"$"0%&%'-"(,$ 8 $', '0' $, &,$%'-"" (" 0%,,-&%" ,-, ("$ &%,-&%"$ *$%&"$:*+%&"$ %'()%&"$ ,- ,( "-)' 0, (" +",%" 0, ,&-'(')*" 8 0, +,0%&%-" 80,>-0'(, - ()" #'&' #%/%(,)%"0' " (" #$%&'(')*".

57%7O0/ETO Y M


11/16

E( M;'0' 0, ,$0%' 0,( ,$&"(%$+' ,- (" #$%&'(')*" ,$ (" %-'$#,&&%-

,-,-"0" 8 ,- ,( &'-,' 0, -" $%"&%- ,#,%+,-"(.

S, "" 0, :, ('$ $,'$ ,#,%+,-"(,$ 0,$&%"- &'- $+' &%0"0' $$$,-$"&%'-,$ 8 ,$"0'$ +,-"(,$ +%,-"$ ,"(%(%$%$ ,#,%+,-"( 0, (" &'-0&" 8 -" 0,$&%#&%- %)'$" 8#,&%$" 0,( "+%,-, ,- ,( :, $, 0,$"'((" (" &'-0&" ,/%"-0' ('$ &'-&,#'$-' '$,/"(,$.

L" &'-0&" '#,"-, 0,#,-0, 0, ,,


12/16

L"$ &*%&"$ +>$ %+#'"-,$ "( ,$&"(%$+' ,'-

L" %-'$#,&&%- :, 0,, 0, $, $%,+#, ,'$#,&&%- 8" :, %-'+" $',- ,$"0' 0, &'-&%,-&%" 8 ,:%,, %,+#' #,0, +'0%%&" 0>$%&"+,-, (",#,%,-&%" 8" :, (" ;&-%&" 0, +,0%&%- %-,%,, &'- (" ,#,%,-&%" ('$#$%&(')'$ :, #"&%&""- ,( +;'0' 0, (" %-'$#,&&%- -' ',-*"- ,$("0'$&'+#""(,$ 8 "%+""- &'$"$ :, &'-"0,&*"- ('$ ,$("0'$ ',-%0'$ #'#$%&(')'$ ,- '' ()" &'+,-$%&' 0, F"$'- "$" ,( &'-0&%$+'"0%&"( 0, SQ%--, 8" :, ,$'$ 0'$ #,-$"0',$ 0, (" #$%&'(')*" ,$>- "&$"0'$#' (" +%$+" &",-&%".

Y" :, 0, ,&' +&"$ 0, ("$ &*%&"$ 0%%)%0"$ "( &'-0&%$+' 0, SQ%--, -'

/"- 0%,&"+,-, "&%" ;( $%-' :, ""&" ("$ &""&,*$%&"$ 0,( &'-0&%$+' 0,F"$'- 0,%0' " :, $, %)-'"- ('$ #'&,$'$ &')-%%/'$ 8 ",&%/'$ 8 ,(&'-0&%$+' 0,%-, :, ,( $, +"-' ,$ - ')"-%$+' #"$%/' "-, $ ,-'-' 8$ +,0%' "+%,-,.E- &"-' " ("$ 0,%&%,-&%"$ 0, ,$" ,'*" #'0,+'$ 0,$"&" :, ,( &'-0&%$+'#,$&%-0, 0, ('$ #'&,$'$ &')-'$&%%/'$ #"" ;( &'-'&%+%,-' ,$ -" $+" 0,%-'+"&%- :, $, /" &'-$8,-0' 0, '+" (%-,"(.

U-" 0, ("$ &*%&"$ +>$ "-"(+,-, 0%%)%0"$ " SQ%--, " $%0' ,( ,"#'(" "(

$, +"-' ("$ &'-&($%'-,$ 0, "()-'$ ,#,%+,-'$ $', "-%+"(,$ 0,("'"'%'. E$' ," 0,$&'-'&, $ #,'"&%- "-,%'+,-, $,@"("0" #' ('$&'+#'"+%,-'$ +>$ ,$#,&*%&"+,-, +"-'$ 8 ,$#,&%"(+,-, ,( (,-)",.

Y" :, &',$#'-0,> " ('$ %$'%"0',$ 0, ("$ &%,-&%"$ +"-"$ ,( /"('" ("$&'-$,&,-&%"$ :, /' #"" (" %-(,-&%" 0, SQ%--, #' -" #", 8 #"" ("'%,-"&%- '+"0" #' (" #$%&'(')*" &')-%%/".

12


13/16

C'+$Q8 1959 ,"(%(%$%$ 0,(&'+#'"+%,-' /,"( ,-%,-0' ,- &,-" ,( &">&, %-,"&%/' 0, (" "&%/%0"0(%-)*$%&" 0,$%-"0" -' " $#("-" $%-' " &'+#(," ,( ""' 0, ('$ (%-)%$"$.

SQ%--, -' #"&%&" 0, -%-)- +'0' -" ,("&%- 0, ("$ &'-0&"$ /,"(,$ " ('$"&'$ +'',$ ,(,+,-"(,$ '$,/"0'$ 0, ('$ "-%+"(,$. ' ,( &'-"%' $&" (",$#,&%%&%0"0 #%+,' ,- $ &">&, $'&%"( (,)' ,- ,( $' "-'+' :, #,0,"&, 0, ,(("$ ,( $,' #"" &'-$% $$ #'#%"$ "&%/%0"0,$ #"" ,"&&%'-" "

$$ #'#%'$ &'+#'"+%,-'$ #"" ,-,)"$, " (" "'0,$&%#&%-

D,%&%,-&%"$

SQ%--, -' #'$,*" -%-)-" &"(%%&"&%- #"%&(" ,- #$%&'#"'(')*" $ %-,;$ #'('$ "$'-'$ #$%&'()%&'$ "$* &'+' $ %-,;$ #' ("$ &,$%'-,$ 0, ,0&"&%- 80, ,-$,@"-


14/16

Cont!i-uciones +el Est!uctu!alismo a la Psicologa mo+e!na7

E( E$&"(%$+' %" - -,/' +' " (" $%&'(')*" ,$ :, ("$ %-/,$%)"&%'-,$0, F-0 $'- %+#,"-,$ #"" - -,/' ,$0%' 0, (" $%&'(')*" $%- ,+")' ("#$%&'(')*" +'0,-" %,-, $$ '*),-,$ +8 %,- -0"+,-"0'$ ,- ("#,'"&%- #' (" +,0%&%- 0, ('$ #'&,$'$ #$%&'()%&'$ &8' '%),- ,$> ,-('$ ""'$ 0, ('$ %($''$ "(,+"-,$ E-,$ F,, 8 !$"/ G,&-,.

F,, 8 G,&-, #'#'-,- ,$"(,&, -" +,0%&%- &"-%"%/" 0, ("$$,-$"&%'-,$ ((,)"-0' " %+#($" (" #$%&'*$%&" 8 (" '+("&%- 0,. U%(%


15/16

"" SQ%--, ('$ ,&'$ $'- ":,((' :, $, #,0, '$,/" 8 %,-,- :, $,

,#(%&"0'$ ,- $ ,("&%- &'- ''$ ,&'$. E$ "$* &'+' ,( #'#'-, ,(&'-0%&%'-"+%,-' '#,"-, 8" :, #", 0, ,$0%'$ ,- 0-0, %(%


16/16

J"- M%),( I(% C'('+%"U-%/,$%0"0 N"&%'-"( 0, C'('+%" ##. 39?397. XE- (*-," XG,&" 0, &'-$(" 12-'/%,+,2?15 D%$#'-%(, ,-

#.,0"(8&.')"%&('.'"V%0WK?429K24?12

SA SG. T,'*"$ 8 S%$,+"$ 0, (" $%&'(')*". U-%/,$%0"0 ,"-" L'$ A-0,$ ##.4246 XE- (*-," XG,&" 0, &'-$(" 12-'/%,+,2?15 D%$#'-%(, ,-

#0%$"-&%".#(".,0.#,(%'$#$%&'(')%"?2,'%"]2?8]2?$%$,+"$]2?0,]2?#$%&'(')%".#0

B,-"- J"+,$ G. H%$'%" 8 S%$,+"$ 0, (" $%&'(')*" RENTICE HALL M;%&'1999 #.# 1643?4

16

Ensayo e Structuralism Oy Conduct is Mo

Documents

Transcript of Ensayo e Structuralism Oy Conduct is Mo