Equipo Productor de Hipoclorito de Sodio

8/17/2019 Equipo Productor de Hipoclorito de Sodio

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Installation, Operation, and Maintenance

ManualFor the Aquachlor AC25, Aquachlor AC50, and

Aquachlor AC100

On-site sodium hypochlorite generators

Equipment & Systems Engineering, Inc .In conjunction with QuakePro

Phone: (877) 261-3897E-Mail: ed@quakeprocom

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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!a"le o# Contents

SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3

TECHNICAL SECI!ICATIONS 3

THEORY O! OERATION "

RECA#TIONS "

!IRST AI$ "

INSTALLATION %

OERATION &

!A$%& 1 '

MAINTENANCE ''

$OSI!ICATION '(

!A$%& 2 12

VERI!ICATION '(

2


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System Overview

!he Aquachlor system pro(ides a 0)* solution o# sodium hypochlorite !his is an

e##ecti(e +ater disin#ectant that eliminates +ater"orne diseases like cholera, typhoid

#e(er, hepatitis, amoe"ic dysentery, "acterial gastroenteritis, and others !he relati(elylo+ concentration o# equi(alent chlorine has "een chosen to "e #riendly to the

en(ironment and sa#e to the operator +hile maintaining a high disin#ecting po+er

!he system consists o# a generating cell, a source o# electricity #or the generating cell,

and a "rine tank !he generating cell electrolyes the "rine into a solution o# sodium

hypochlorite !he generating cell is sealed in a .C housing /epending on theapplication, the source o# electricity may "e municipal alternating current or solar direct

current

e!hni!al S"e!i#i!ations

)eneratin* Electrode AC(%$ AC%+$ AC'++$

roduction cycle 2 hours 2 hours 2 hours

A(erage equi(alent chlorine production 25 grams per hour 50 grams per hour 100 grams per hour

&qui(alent chlorine )00 grams per cycle 1200 grams per

cycle

200 grams per

cycle

&qui(alent chlorine concentration ) grams per liter ) grams per liter ) grams per liter

Consumption per cycle

alt kilograms ) kilograms 12 kilograms

&lectricity 50 k3h 425 k3h 14 k3h

3ater 100 liters 200 liters 00 liters

/imensions

&lectrode sie )) cm long 41 cm long 112 cm long

Ca"le length 21 cm 0' cm 2'5 cm 3eight 25 kg 0 kg kg

oer Suppl-

!ype +itching +itching +itching

!imer 2 hour (aria"le 2 hour (aria"le 2 hour (aria"le

6nput 120.AC or

20.AC, 507)08

120.AC or

20.AC, 507)08

120.AC or

20.AC, 507)08

Output 11./C, 15A 11./C, 25A 11./C, 55A

Additional equipment required

olypropylene tank 20 to 100 liters 20 to 200 liters 100 liters 999


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heory o# o"eration

Chlorine gas, Cl2, disin#ects +ater "y hydrolying according to the #ollo+ing reaction,

and #orming the acti(e ingredient hypochlorous acid, 8OCl

Cl2 9 82O 8OCl 9 89 9 Cl-

!he Aquachlor system generates a hypochlorite "leach solution #rom "rine that, like

chlorine gas, produces hypochlorous acid

2:aCl 9 82O 8OCl 9 :aO8 9 282

Pre!a$tions

All instructions should "e read and understood "e#ore attempting to install, +ire, operate,

and maintain the equipment

%irst &i' Eye $rns (due to contact with sodium hypochlorite, acid, or vinegar) wash the eyes

with running water for 10 minutes !eek professional treatment

Sin $rns (due to contact with sodium hypochlorite or acid) "ash the affectedarea with running water for 10 minutes !eek professional treatment

Oral *n+estion o# so'i$m hy"o!hlorite, #o not induce vomiting $ive milk, ice

cream, or an antacid !eek professional treatment immediately

Oral *n+estion o# a!i' or vine+ar #o not induce vomiting !eek professionaltreatment immediately

Ele!tri! Sho!, #o not touch the person until the electrical source has %eendisconnected #isconnect the source of electricity and assist the person If re&uired,seek professional assistance


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*nstallation

E.uip/ent $escription

!he main components o# the Aquachlor sodium hypochlorite generating station consist o# the generating cell, a source o# direct current #or the cell, se(eral recipients resistant to

"rine and sodium hypochlorite, and possi"ly adequate la"oratory equipment #or

(eri#ication o# the sodium hypochlorite concentration

&& pro(ides the generating cell and the trans#ormer Additional +ater recipients

resistant to sodium hypochlorite and "rine are necessary #or proper operation !heserecipients are not included since their sie depends on the particular application and since

their readily a(aila"ility makes it more economical to o"tain locally !anks constructed

o# polypropylene or polyethylene are adequate ;etallic tanks or #i"erglass containersare not adequate

*nstallation Pre!a$tions

'ocate the power supply away from the vapors that escape from the processcontainer (opposite direction of the predominant wind)

%serve the necessary precautions with the electrical e&uipment his systemoperates on 110*++0 volts and 0 to -0 ./

ake sure the availa%le electrical supply conforms to the re&uirements of thetransformer

ake sure the generating cell is properly connected eversing the polarity of thecell will permanently damage the electrode

'ocate the power supply away from the possi%ility of li&uid spills

.ydrogen and chlorine gas are %yproducts of hypochlorite generation Install thesystem in a well2ventilated area, prefera%ly with crossed ventilation for proper evacuation of hydrogen

ighten the nuts*screws that connect the electrode to the power supply snugly withthe proper tool

T0e A.uac0lor *eneratin* cell consists o# a series o# highly specialied electrodesencased in a protecti(e shell 3hen the appropriate current is applied, the electrodes

incite an electrochemical reaction +here"y the "rine solution is con(erted into a solution

o# sodium hypochlorite !he cell has "een designed to operate using a direct current 6tis important to supply the cell +ith the correct current at the correct polarity &


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T0e trans1or/er con(erts the a(aila"le electrical energy source to a mode and le(el

usea"le "y the generating cell !he trans#ormer supplied +ill require either 110 or 220

.olts, 50 to )0 8 AC and +ill supply ' to 11 .olts /C !he (oltage and #requency areset at the #actory and cannot "e changed !he trans#ormer +as cali"rated at the #actory

and +ill +ork properly only +ith generating cells o# a speci#ic capacity !hat is, a

trans#ormer supplied +ith an AC25 +ill only +ork properly +ith AC25 generating cells!he s+itching-type trans#ormer contains solid-state electronic components that pro(ide

higher accuracy o(er a +ider operating range +ith less "ulk and +eight than traditional

recti#ier-"ased trans#ormers

T0e electrol-sis tan2 holds the "rine

solution and the generating electrode

6n this tank that the "rine is con(erted

into sodium hypochlorite #icientoperation o# the hypochlorite

generating system depends on proper

selection o# this tank 6t should "e

made o# a material resistant to sodiumhypochlorite and salt, such as .C or

olypropylene !he tank shouldcontain the "rine "atch +ithout danger

o# spills and ha(e a ell4entilatedco4er to pre(ent de"ris #rom enteringthe "rine and to precipitate the mist

produced during electrolysis !his

co(er may "e a #lat ply+ood disk +ith

a = hole in the center #or theelectrode >ee 1i*ure '? 6n addition, the +ater le(el should "e a"o(e the side emuriatic acid?

)


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IMORTANT6 & OF AC6/ CO:C&:!A6!O: 86B8& !8A: 5* 36%%

&;A:&:!% /A;AB& !8& B&:&A!6:B &%&C!O/& A:/ 36%% .O6/

!8& 3AA:! CO;;&C6A%% A.A6%A$%& 8/OC8%O6C AC6/!6CA%% 8A A CO:C&:!A!6O: &.&A% !6;& 86B8& !8A: 5*,

A:/ ;! $& O&% /6%!&/ !O $& &/ FO &%&C!O/&

C%&A:6:B O&

!he container should "e #illed so that

+hen the generating electrode isimmersed, the lo+er capsule o# the

electrode is "elo+ the liquid sur#ace

Installation O4er4ie

!he Aquachlor Benerating ystem has

"een designed #or permanent

installation roper care must "ee


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!he presence o# electricity and o# sodium hypochlorite produces inherent haards in the

generating process Access to the equipment must "e restricted to personnel properly

trained and a+are o# these haards Choose a site that can "e secured #rom access "ythose not trained to use the equipment 6n particular, ensure that those una+are o# the

haards, such as children and animals, ha(e no access to the equipment

La-out

!he placement o# the trans#ormer is (ery important to ensure the longe(ity and sa#ety o# the generating system 6t should "e located on a sturdy shel# or ta"le as #ar a+ay #rom the

Aquachlor electrode as possi"le nder no circumstances should it "e located a"o(e any

liquid recipient, +here it may #all and create a shock haard 6n addition, the trans#ormer

produces heat that must "e dissipated "y its cooling #an ;ake sure the (ents on the sidesand the "ack o# the trans#ormer are not o"structed

Wirin*

6n addition to con#orming to the input requirements o# the trans#ormer, the +iring #or the

trans#ormer should meet local standards o# sa#ety 6n essence, the line should "e 110 to120 (olts 50 to )0 hert alternating current +ith a ground +ire Brounding is (ery

important 6n-line +ith the trans#ormer, install a suita"le BF6 circuit "reaker and a

+eatherproo# po+er s+itch

O"eration

O"eratin+ Pre!a$tions #o not smoke or have open flames close to the e&uipment

3void contact of the solution with eyes or skin

3void the solution contacting clothes

#o not activate the transformer until the electrode is properly immersed in the %rinesolution

#o not remove the electrode from the %rine tank until the transformer has %een

deactivated

#o not operate the electrode longer than recommended #oing so is wasteful andwill eventually decrease the concentration of sodium hypochlorite in the solution

he water used for the %rine solution should %e free of visi%le particles and solidsIf necessary, this water should %e strained with a coarse2cloth filter

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Modes o1 operation7 O4er4ie

our Aquachlor sodium hypochlorite generating cell relies on the rapid #lo+ o# solution

created "y the generation o# hydrogen gas #or proper operation !he electrode +as

designed to #unction under this natural #lo+ condition 6t #ollo+s that the electrodegenerates sodium hypochlorite in "atches only !his, ho+e(er, should not "e a

limitation, since Dudicious selection and installation o# the solution tanks could ensure a

continuous supply o# sodium hypochlorite #or use in continuous treatment systems

!o operate the system, #irst dissol(e a predetermined amount o# salt in a speci#ic (olume

o# +ater 3ater (olume and salt amount +ill "e determined shortly !he generating

electrode is then immersed in the in the "rine, and the po+er to the trans#ormer isacti(ated A#ter a certain amount o# time, the "rine solution +ill ha(e "een con(erted

into a solution o# sodium hypochlorite 6t is this solution that is used to disin#ect +ater

#or drinking

Materials

!he generation o# sodium hypochlorite requires (ery little in terms o# ra+ materials All

that is needed is +ater, salt and electricity !he +ater #or the electrolysis tank should "e

as particle-#ree as possi"le Although it does not need to "e #ree o# microorganisms, it

should contain no (isi"le particles %ike+ise, the salt should "e as pure as possi"le altimpurities increase the rate o# calcium "uild-up on the cathode, requiring more #requent

cleaning

'8 9rine preparation

Ta5le '

otal "ater salt cycle4hlorine 5olume time

(grams) (liters) (kilograms) (hours)

34+ 340 34100

0 677 + + 1

100 1--8 9 + 1

10 +00 8 - 7

+00 7777 10 6 9 +

+0 91-8 1+ 10 +

700 000 1 1+ - 7900 ---8 +0 1- 6 9

00 6777 + +0 10

-00 10000 70 +9 1+ -

600 17777 90 1- 6

1000 1---8 0 +0 10

1+00 +0000 -0 +9 1+

+900 90000 1+0 +9

'


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Fill the "rine tank +ith the +ater and measure 0 grams o# common salt #or each liter o#

+ater used ;i< the salt into the +ater and agitate continuously until all o# the salt has

dissol(ed !his +ill produce a * "rine solution On occasion it is help#ul to grind thesalt and to pre-dissol(e it in a separate container e#er to ta"le 1

(8 Cell acti4ation

$e#ore introducing the cell in the "rine solution, make sure the po+er to the trans#ormer

is interrupted "y an in-line s+itch or "y the s+itch on the #ront panel o# the po+er supply

Once the "rine has "een prepared, introduce the generating cell into the electrolysis tank

6# there is a s+itch on the #ront panel o# the po+er supply, make sure it is on !urn the

timer dial clock+ise to set the electrolysis time !he timer dial is located on the #ront panel o# the po+er supply !he electrolysis time depends on the (olume o# +ater in the

electrolysis tank, and is ta"ulated on ta"le 1 a"o(e

WARNIN)6 6:!O/C6:B !8& &%&C!O/& 6:!O !8& $6:& O%!6O:386%& !8& O3& !O !8& !A:FO;& 6 O: $E&C! !8&

!A:FO;& A:/ !8& &%&C!O/& !O A: :/& %OA/ !86 36%%&.&:!A%% /A;AB& $O!8 CO;O:&:!

!he generating cell should "e producing hydrogen, +hich is (isi"le as a +hite colored#oam that e


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3A:6:B &;O.6:B !8& B&:&A!6:B C&%% FO; !8& &%&C!O%6

!A:G 386%& !8& O3& !O !8& !A:FO;& 6 O: $E&C! !8&

!A:FO;& A:/ !8& &%&C!O/& !O A: :/& %OA/ !86 36%%&.&:!A%% /A;AB& $O!8 CO;O:&:!

Maintenan!e

MAINTENANCE RECA#TIONS

Power to the generating electrode must %e off while the electrode is in the cleaningsolution

inse the generating electrode thoroughly with water after removal from the storagecontainer and prior to immersion in the electrolysis tank

:ever com%ine the cleaning solution with the sodium hypochlorite solution

O4er4ie

6mpurities "oth in the salt and in the +ater used in the "rine in accumulate on the cathode

+ithin the generating cell !his accumulation must "e cleaned periodically using a dilute

solution o# acetic acid >(inegar? or hydrochloric >muriatic? acid 6# this accumulation isnot remo(ed, it +ill e(entually short-circuit the generating cell, rendering it inopera"le,

and +ill o(erload the trans#ormer, damaging it irrepara"ly

!he generating cell should "e cleaned e4er- da-, or #ollo+ing each use, in the #ollo+ingmanner

1 !horoughly rinse the generating cell +ith clear +ater2 u"merge the lo+er capsule o# the generating cell into pure +hite (inegar, or into

a * solution o# hydrochloric acid ee #igure 2

A#ter at least 15 minutes, remo(e the cell #rom the acid and rinse thoroughly +ithclear +ater

IMORTANT6 :&.& ;6H !8& C%&A:6:B O%!6O: 36!8 O/6;

8OC8%O6!& :&.& & :/6%!&/ AC6/ !O C%&A: !8& &%&C!O/&!86 36%% /A;AB& CO;O:&:! 6:6/& !8& C&%%

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osi#i!ationTa5le (

an .a"a!ity osa+e o# the Sol$tion o# /aO.l at 0,6 !on!entration

+ PP 7 PP 9 PP

$als 'trs 'trs $als grams of 'trs $als grams of 'trs $als grams of 4l+ 4l+ 4l+

1000 786 17 077 88 1; 00 117- + 0-8 119

000 16;+8 -7 1-8 786 ; +0 -86 1+- 777 881

-000 ++81+ 8- +00 99+ 119 700 -619 11 900 ;06

8000 +-9;6 66 +77 700 17+ 70 8;9; 188 9-8 10;;

6000 70+67 101 +-8 -08 11 900 ;06 +0+ 77 1+117

;000 790-; 119 700 -619 180 90 10++1 ++8 -00 17-+8

10000 7869 1+- 777 881 16; 00 117- ++ --8 119+

1-000 -0-8 +0+ 77 1+117 707 600 16180 909 10-8 +9++8

One liter o# 0)* sodium hypochlorite solution mi


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rocedure

1 sing a 10ml pipet, add 20 ml o# 10* G6 solution to 125-ml #lask

2 sing dropper, add ) drops o# 50* 82O solution >0 ml? sing 5ml pipet, quickly add -ml o# sample olution should turn color

sing "uret, titrate immediately +ith 01: :a22O solution to a light yello+

color5 Add three drops o# starch indicator solution

) Finish titration +ith 01: :a22O solution until colorless

Calculation o# a(aila"le chlorine concentration #rom titration results

Concentration o# a(aila"le chlorine in grams per liter

I>ml o# thiosul#ate used? normality o# thiosul#ate solution?1000?55?7>ml o# :aOC% sample?

$rop$ilution /et0od

&quipment

1 5ml graduated pipet2 10 ml test tu"es >2?

// colorimetric method chlorine test kit >common test kit #or s+imming pools?

/istilled +ater

rocedure

1 6n a 10ml test tu"e, add 1ml o# sample to ' ml o# distilled +ater

2 !o second 10ml test tu"e, add 01 ml o# the solution a"o(e to '' ml o# distilled+ater

!est this solution +ith // colorimetric test kit according to its instructions

Alternate procedure

1 ;easure e


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Su//ar- o1 operatin* instructions

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Equipo Productor de Hipoclorito de Sodio

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