Name: Jurez Daz Jos Carlos Group: 6IV09Date: 30/6Reported Spech (Indirect Speech)

I.- Definition:

If we report what another person has said, we usually do not use the speakers exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech. Therefore, you need to learn how to transform direct speech into reported speech. The structure is a little different depending on whether you want to transform a statement, question or request.

II.- Uses:

The Reported Speech is in use when there is brought what someone said, it is necessary to take the following points: 1. The principal verb regularly conjugates and one changes Simple Present.

2. They must change the times of agreement to his past correct form, it does not change until what was said it is true.

3. You must not forget that the personal pronouns change as well as the possessive adjectives depending on the person who said it.

4. Also they change the adverbs of place and of time.

III.- Special features:

Statements: When transforming statements, check whether you have to change: pronouns present tense verbs (3rd person singular) place and time expressions tenses (backshift)

TypeExample

Direct SpeechI speak English.

reported speech(no backshift)He says that he speaks English.

reported speech(backshift)He said that he spoke English.

QuestionsWhen transforming questions, check whether you have to change:1. pronouns2. present tense verbs (3rd person singular)3. place and time expressions4. tenses (backshift)5. Also note that you have to:6. transform the question into an indirect question7. use the interrogative orif/whether

TypeExample

with interrogativedirect speechWhy dont you speak English?

reported speechHe asked me why I didnt speak English.

without interrogativedirect speechDo you speak English?

reported speechDo you speak English?

RequestsWhen transforming questions, check whether you have to change: 1. pronouns2. place and time expressions

TypeExample

direct speechCarol, speak English.

reported speechHe told Carol to speak English.

Additional Information and ExeptionsApart from the above mentioned basic rules, there are further aspects that you should keep in mind, for example:1. main clauses connected withand/but2. tense of the introductory clause3. reported speech for difficult tenses4. exeptions for backshift5. requests withmust,should,ought toandlets

IV.-Exercises:1. "Where is my umbrella?" she asked. She askedwhere her umbrella was.2. "How are you?" Martin asked us. Martin asked ushow we were.3. He asked, "Do I have to do it?" He askedif he had to do it.

REPORTED SPEECHSpeech: say, tell, explain, point outOrders: tell, orderIt is used when we want to share other speakers words or thoughsThought: think, know, belive (not) realizeReporting VerbsRequest: ask, wonder, want to know