HEALTH STATISCTICS YEARBOOK 2018±ll... · Eskişehir Central AnatoliaKocaeli Kırıkkale Subregion...

HEALTH STATISCTICS YEARBOOK2018

e - Nabız e-Metaveri

e-İstatistik

e-Rapor

Halk Sağlığı Yönetim Sistemi

ÖBS

HBYS

HYB

Hastane Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi

Hastalık Yönetim Platformu

Ölüm Bildirim Sistemi

Mekânsal İş Zekâsı Platformu

MİZ

MHRS

HSYS

Karar Destek Sistemi KDS

Sağlıkta İstatistik ve Nedensel Analizler

SİNA

Merkezi Hekim Randevu Sistemi

POPULATION

DEMOGRAPHIC

REALCATASTROPHIC

ANTIHYPERTENSIVES

SAMPLING

DISTRIBUTIONQUINOLONESCURRENT

OECD

WHO

INCIDENCE FACULTY QUALITY

ANTHROPOMETRIC

CARDIOVASCULAR

SEDANTARY

CHRONIC

CHRONICTRANSPLANTATION

AMBULANCE

DEVICEANTIDEPRESSANT

SPECIALIST

ANTIDIABETICS

OPERATION

HEMODIALYSISSCREENINGACTIVITY

PATIENTPRACTITIONER

CONSULTATION

REFERRALAVERAGE

ASSISTANTPHARMACIST

NURSE

BIRTH

RATIO

NUTRITION

CHOLESTEROLBENZODIAZEPINES

THYROIDLIVER

CASE

DIABETESPOSTNEONATAL

SYMPTOMINFECTIOUS

GENITOURINARYMORBIDITY

MORTALITY

FERTILITYINTERNATIONAL

PERINATALALLERGY

URBAN

PUERPERANT

ASTHMASURVEY

MAMMOGRAPHY

OBESITYADOLESCENTEUROSTAT

VOLUMELUNG

BRONCH DOPPLERCIRCULATORYFINANCEUSGPRESCRIPTIONDIAGNOSIS INVESTMENT

STUNTINGTSM

FOLLOW-UP

ANTENATALMEASURE

GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS

STATISTICS

MIDWIFE

THE MINISTRY of HEALTH of TURKEY

HEALTH STATISTICS YEARBOOK

2018

In Health Statistics Yearbook 2018, statistics were calculated according to international standard definition.

Ankara 2019



2018

In Health Statistics Yearbook 2018, statistics were calculated according to international standard definition.

Ankara 2019

II Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health



2018

Copyr�ght Holder:

© Republ�c of Turkey M�n�stry of Health General D�rectorate of Health Informat�on Systems, 2019

All r�ghts reserved to Republ�c of Turkey M�n�stry of Health General D�rectorate of Health Informat�on Systemsed�tor / author, General D�rectorate of Health Informat�on Systems, M�n�stry of Health, place of publ�cat�on, publ�cat�on 46 cannot be cop�ed part�ally or wholly w�thout perm�ss�on of the General D�rectorate of Health Informat�on Systems.

Team Leaders

Dr. Şuay�p BİRİNCİ

Ed�tors

Dr. Berrak BORA BAŞARA İ ĞLAR

Tuğ İR

Contr�butors

Dr. Berrak BORA BAŞARA İ ĞLAR

Tuğ İR

Banu KULALİ

B�rsen BİRGE KAYIŞ D�lek AYDOĞ

ISBN : M�n�stry of Health Publ�cat�on No : Ed�t�on :

IIIRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

TABLE of CONTENTS

NOMENCLATURE of TERRITORIAL UNITS FOR STATISTICS (NUTS) ........................ IV

ABBREVIATIONS .....................................................................................................................V

Chapter 1 General Demographic Indicators .................................................................................................1

Chapter 2 Mortality ....................................................................................................................................19

Chapter 3 Morbidity ...................................................................................................................................37

Chapter 4 Risk Factors ...............................................................................................................................57

Chapter 5 Prevention of Diseases and Protection of Health .......................................................................81

Chapter 6 Global Burden of Disease 2017 Turkey Results ........................................................................97

Chapter 7 Health Care Facilities and Infrastructures ................................................................................117

Chapter 8 Utilization of Health Care Services .........................................................................................159

Chapter 9 Pharmaceutical Statistics .........................................................................................................205

Chapter 10Human Resources for Health ...................................................................................................223

Chapter 11 Health Economics and Financing ............................................................................................255

IV Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

NOMENCLATURE of TERRITORIAL UNITS FOR STATISTICS (NUTS)

NUTS-1 NUTS-2 NUTS-3 NUTS-1 NUTS-2 NUTS-3

Mediterranean

Antalya Subregion

Antalya

Aegean

İzmir Subregion İzmir

Isparta

Aydın Subregion

Aydın

Burdur Denizli

Adana Subregion Adana Muğla

Mersin

Manisa Subregion

Manisa

Hatay Subregion

Hatay

Afyonkarahisar

Kahramanmaraş Kütahya

Osmaniye

Uşak

Western Anatolia

Ankara Subregion Ankara

Southeastern Anatolia

Gaziantep Subregion

Gaziantep

Konya Subregion Konya Adıyaman

Karaman Kilis

Western Blacksea

Zonguldak Subregion

Zonguldak Şanlıurfa

Subregion Şanlıurfa

Karabük Diyarbakır

Bartın

Mardin Subregion

Mardin

Kastamonu Subregion

Kastamonu

Batman

Çankırı

Şırnak

Sinop Siirt

Samsun Subregion

Samsun İstanbul İstanbul Subregion İstanbul

Tokat

Northeastern Anatolia

Erzurum Subregion

Erzurum

Çorum Erzincan

Amasya Bayburt

Western Marmara

Tekirdağ Subregion

Tekirdağ

Ağrı Subregion

Ağrı

Edirne

Kars

Kırklareli Iğdır

Balıkesir Subregion

Balıkesir Ardahan

Çanakkale

Mideastern Anatolia

Malatya Subregion

Malatya

Eastern Blacksea

Trabzon Subregion

Trabzon Elazığ

Ordu Bingöl

Giresun

Tunceli

Rize

Van Subregion

Van

Artvin Muş

Gümüşhane

Bitlis

Eastern Marmara

Bursa Subregion

Bursa

Hakkari

Eskişehir

Central Anatolia

Kırıkkale Subregion

Kırıkkale

Bilecik Aksaray

Kocaeli Subregion

Kocaeli

Niğde

Sakarya Nevşehir

Düzce Kırşehir

Bolu

Kayseri Subregion

Kayseri

Yalova

Sivas

Yozgat

NOMENCLATURE of TERRITORIAL UNITS FOR STATISTICS (NUTS)

NUTS-1 NUTS-2 NUTS-3 NUTS-1 NUTS-2 NUTS-3

Mediterranean

Antalya Subregion

Antalya

Aegean

İzmir Subregion İzmir

Isparta

Aydın Subregion

Aydın

Burdur Denizli

Adana Subregion Adana Muğla

Mersin

Manisa Subregion

Manisa

Hatay Subregion

Hatay

Afyonkarahisar

Kahramanmaraş Kütahya

Osmaniye

Uşak

Western Anatolia

Ankara Subregion Ankara


Gaziantep Subregion

Gaziantep

Konya Subregion Konya Adıyaman

Karaman Kilis

Western Blacksea

Zonguldak Subregion

Zonguldak Şanlıurfa

Subregion Şanlıurfa

Karabük Diyarbakır

Bartın

Mardin Subregion

Mardin

Kastamonu Subregion

Kastamonu

Batman

Çankırı

Şırnak

Sinop Siirt

Samsun Subregion

Samsun İstanbul İstanbul Subregion İstanbul

Tokat


Erzurum Subregion

Erzurum

Çorum Erzincan

Amasya Bayburt

Western Marmara

Tekirdağ Subregion

Tekirdağ

Ağrı Subregion

Ağrı

Edirne

Kars

Kırklareli Iğdır

Balıkesir Subregion

Balıkesir Ardahan

Çanakkale

Mideastern Anatolia

Malatya Subregion

Malatya

Eastern Blacksea

Trabzon Subregion

Trabzon Elazığ

Ordu Bingöl

Giresun

Tunceli

Rize

Van Subregion

Van

Artvin Muş

Gümüşhane

Bitlis

Eastern Marmara

Bursa Subregion

Bursa

Hakkari

Eskişehir

Central Anatolia

Kırıkkale Subregion

Kırıkkale

Bilecik Aksaray

Kocaeli Subregion

Kocaeli

Niğde

Sakarya Nevşehir

Düzce Kırşehir

Bolu

Kayseri Subregion

Kayseri

Yalova

Sivas

Yozgat

VRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

ABBREVIATIONS ABPRS : Address Based Population Registration System ATC : Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical BCG : Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccination BHSM : Basic Health Statistics Module BMI : Body Mass Index CHC : Community Health Center CEKUS : Child, Adolescent, Women and Reproductive Health Unit cm : Centimeter COPD : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease CPI : Consumer Price Index CPV : Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccination CT : Computerized Tomography DALY : Disability Adjusted Life Years DaPT : Diphtheria aceluler Pertussis Tetanus Vaccination DDD : Daily Defined Dose ECHO : Echocardiography EHIS :European Health Interview Survey EU : European Union EUROSTAT : Office of European Statistics FMIS : Family Medicine Information System GBD : Global Burden of Disease GDP : Gross Domestic Product GLOBOCAN : Global Cancer Observatory GNI : Gross National Income gr : Gram HALE : Health Adjusted Life Expectancy HBV : Hepatitis B Vaccination HbA1c :Hemoglobin A1c or Glycolized HemoglobinHDL : High Density Lipoproteins HFA : Health for All Hib : Haemophilus Influenza Type B Vaccination IARC :International Agency for Research on CancerICD-10 : International Classification of Diseases IDF : International Diabetes Federation IHME : Institute for Health Metrics IPV : Inactive Polio Vaccine ITS : Pharmaceutical Track and Trace System KETEM : Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening and Training Centers Kg : Kilogram LDL : Low Density Lipoprotein MCHFP : Mother-Child Health and Family Planning MET : Metabolic Equivalents mL : Milliliter MMR : Measles Mumps Rubella Vaccination MoND : Ministry of National Defense MoH : Ministry of Health MRI : Magnetic Resonance Imaging NUTS : Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics

VI Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

OECD : The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development PIS : Prescription Information System PPP : Purchasing Power Parity SII : Social Insurance Institution SPTS : Health Personnel Tracking System SSI : Social Security Institution TDHS : Turkey Demographic and Health Survey ₺ : Turkish Lira TURKSTAT : Turkish Statistical Institute UNICEF : United Nations Children’s Fund UN IGME : United Nations Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation UNPD : United Nations Population Division WHO : World Health Organization YLD : Years Lived with Disability YLL : Years of Life Lost

VIIRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

List of Tables

Chapter 1. General Demographic Indicators

Table 1.1. General Demographic Indicators by Years ............................................................ 4

Table 1.2. Population by Age Groups, 2000, 2018 ................................................................ 4

Table 1.3. Some General Demographic Indicators by Provinces, 2018 ...............................15

Chapter 2. Mortality

Table 2.1. Distribution of Causes of Death by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Codes and Sex, (%), 2016, 2017, 2018 ......................................................................................... 29

Table 2.2. Age-Standardized Premature Mortality Rate of Selected Causes by ICD-10 Diagnosis Codes and Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population), 2016, 2017, 2018 ................................................................................................ 33

Chapter 3. Morbidity

Table 3.1. Number of Cases of the Infectious Diseases by Years ........................................ 39

Table 3.2. Infectious Diseases Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population) .....................39

Table 3.3. Total Cancer Incidence by Years and Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population) ......................................................... 42

Table 3.4. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer Among Men by Years, (per 100.000, World Standard Population) ......................................................... 43

Table 3.5. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer Among Females by Years, (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population) ...................................... 44

Table 3.6. Cancer Incidence by Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population), 2016 ......45

Table 3.7. International Comparison of Cancer Incidence by Sex, (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population), 2018 ............................46

Table 3.8. Distribution of Hospital Discharges by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Groups and Sex, (%), 2016, 2017, 2018 .......................................................................... 47

Table 3.9. Distribution of the Status of 15 and Over Aged Females Regarding Making Self-Examination of Breast, (%), 2016 ................................................................ 48

Table 3.10. Distribution of the Status of 15 and Over Aged Females Regarding Having Mammography, (%), 2016 .................................................................................. 48

Table 3.11. Distribution of the Status of 15 and Over Aged Females Regarding Having Smear Test, (%), 2016 ......................................................................................... 48

Table 3.12. Percentage of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Having Difficulty in Performing Personal Care by Sex, (%), 2016 .......................................................................... 49

Table 3.13. Percentage of Major Diseases Seen in Children (0-6 Age Group) in the Past 6 Months by Sex, (%), 2016 ......................................................................... 49

Table 3.14. Percentage of Major Diseases Seen in Children (7-14 Age Group) in the Past 6 Months by Sex, (%), 2016 ......................................................................... 49

Table 3.15. Percentage of Major Diseases Seen in 15 and Over Aged Individuals in the Past 12 Months by Sex, (%), 2016 ....................................................................... 50

VIII Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Table 3.16. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Patients with Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and High Cholesterol Diagnosis by Sex, (%), 2017 ................................ 50

Table 3.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ General Health Status by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2016 ...................................................................... 51

Table 3.18. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Wearing Glasses or Lenses by Sex, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 ............................................................................. 51

Table 3.19. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Having Vision Problem by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 .................................................. 52

Table 3.20. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Wearing a Hearing Aid by Sex, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 ............................................................................. 52

Table 3.21. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Having Hearing Problem by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 .................................................. 53

Chapter 4. Risk Factors

Table 4.1. Distribution of Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 ......................................................................................... 59

Table 4.2. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Alcohol Consumption by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 .................................................. 61

Table 4.3. Distribution of Height and Weight Averages by Sex and Age Groups, (Self-Reported), 2016 ......................................................................................... 62

Table 4.4. Distribution of Body Mass Index of 15 and Over Aged Individuals by Sex, (Self-Reported), (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 .................................................. 63

Table 4.5. Distribution of Anthropometric Measurements of 2nd Grade Students in Primary School by Z-Score, (%), 2016 ............................................................. 66

Table 4.6. Distribution of Feeding Time with Only Breast Milk, Average of Feeding Time with Breast Milk and BMI Z-Scores Obesity Ratio for 2nd Grade Students in Primary School by NUTS-1, (%), 2016 .............................................. 66

Table 4.7. Distribution of Breastfeeding Status of Children Under Two Years by Age (in Months), (%), 2018 ............................................................................ 67

Table 4.8. Distribution of the Consumption Frequencies of Some Foods and Drinks by 2nd Grade Students in Primary School (Family Reported), (%), 2016 .............68

Table 4.9. Distribution of Eating Fresh Fruit Habits by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2014, 2016 ................................................................................................... 69

Table 4.10. Distribution of Eating Vegetable or Salad Habits by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2014, 2016 ................................................................................................... 70

Table 4.11. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Benefit from Preventive Services in the Last 12 Months by Sex, (%), 2016 ............................................... 72

Table 4.12. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Total Cholesterol and Fasting Triglycerides Levels by Sex, (%), 2017 ................................................................. 74

Table 4.13. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Salt Consumption Habit by Sex, (%), 2017 ................................................................................................ 74

Table 4.14. Distribution of Individuals’ Physical Activity Status by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2017............................................................................................................. 75

IXRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Table 4.15. Distribution of Individuals Who Felt Physical Pain in the Last 4 Weeks by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 .................................................. 75

Table 4.16. Distribution of Individuals Not Able to Walk, Walk Up and Down Stairs without Any Aid or Assistance by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016 ...............76

Table 4.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Providing Care or Assistance to Persons Suffering from Some Age Problem, Chronic Health Condition or Infirmity by Sex, (%), 2016 .................................................................................. 76

Table 4.18. Distribution of Individuals Having Difficulty in Learning and Remembering Events by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2014, 2016 ................................................. 77

Table 4.19. Distribution of Number of People Who Are So Close by Sex When Individuals Have Serious Personal Problems, (%), 2016 ..................................... 77

Table 4.20. 15 and Over Aged Individuals Distribution by Sex for Status of Getting Help from Neighbours, (%), 2016 ....................................................................... 77

Chapter 5. Prevention of Diseases and Protection of Health

Table 5.1. Immunization Coverage by Years, (%) ................................................................. 83

Table 5.2. Indicators of Birth and Antenatal Care by Years ................................................. 86

Table 5.3. Proportions of Cesarean and Primary Cesarean Section Among All Births Given at Hospital by Years and Sectors, (%) ........................................................ 87

Table 5.4. Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum 1 Visit) by NUTS-1, (%), 2017, 2018 ..........88

Table 5.5. Full Follow-Up Ratios of Pregnant, Infant and Child by NUTS-1, (%), 2018 ........94

Chapter 6. Global Burden of Disease 2017 Turkey Results

Table 6.1. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total......................99

Table 6.2. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male ...................100

Table 6.3. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female ................100

Table 6.4. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total ...................101

Table 6.5. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male ..................102

Table 6.6. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female ...............102

Table 6.7. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total .................103

Table 6.8. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male ................104

Table 6.9. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female .............104

Table 6.10. Attributable DALY per 100.000 Population for Selected Risk Factors by Sex, 2002, 2017 ............................................................................................ 112

Chapter 7. Health Care Facilities and Infrastructures

Table 7.1. Number of Hospitals and Beds by Branches, 2018 ........................................... 120

Table 7.2. Proportion of Qualified Beds Among Total Beds by Years and Sectors, (%)......121

Table 7.3. Number and Distribution (%) of Intensive Care Unit Beds by Types and Sectors, 2018 .................................................................................................... 126

X Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Table 7.4. Infrastructure of Operating Services in Hospitals by Sectors, 2018 ..................132

Table 7.5. Actively Used Hemodialysis Equipment per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 133

Table 7.6. Number of Equipment of Hospitals by Years .................................................... 135

Table 7.7. Number of Equipment of Hospitals by Sectors, 2018 ....................................... 135

Table 7.8. Number of MRI Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 136

Table 7.9. Number of CT Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 138

Table 7.10. Number of Ultrasound Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 140

Table 7.11. Number of Doppler Ultrasound Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ..................................140

Table 7.12. Number of ECHO Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ..................................141

Table 7.13. Number of Mammography Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ..................................141

Table 7.14. Number of Specialty Medical Center and Private Outpatient Clinic by NUTS-1, 2018 ............................................................................................... 142

Table 7.15. Number of the Institution Providing Oral and Dental Health Care Services by Sectors, 2018 ............................................................................................... 142

Table 7.16. Primary Health Care Facilities by Years, Ministry of Health ..............................145

Table 7.17. Number of Vehicle and Transferred Patients by Types of Specialized Ambulance, Ministry of Health, 2018 ............................................................... 152

Table 7.18. Some Health Indicators by Provinces, 2018 ..................................................... 153

Chapter 8. Utilization of Health Care Services

Table 8.1. Total Number of Visits to a Physician by Years and Type of Health Care Facilities, All Sectors ......................................................................................... 161

Table 8.2. Per Capita Hospital Visits by Years and Sectors ................................................ 167

Table 8.3. Number of Inpatients by Years and Sectors ...................................................... 169

Table 8.4. Number of Inpatients in the MoH Hospitals and Its Proportion to All Sectors by NUTS-1, (%), 2018 .................................................................. 171

Table 8.5. Number of Surgical Operations by Years and Sectors ....................................... 171

Table 8.6. Number and Distribution (%) of Surgical Operations by Surgical Operation Groups and Sectors, 2018 ................................................................................. 172

Table 8.7. Number of Surgical Operations per 1.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ............................................................................................. 172

Table 8.8. Number of Surgical Operations per 1.000 Population by Surgical Operation Groups and NUTS-1, 2018 ............................................. 173

Table 8.9. Proportion of Surgical Operations to the Number of Visits to Hospitals by NUTS-1 and Sectors, (%), 2018 .................................................................... 173

XIRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Table 8.10. Number of Days Stayed in Hospitals by Years and Sectors ...............................174

Table 8.11. Number of Days Stayed in the Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, 2017, 2018 ...........174

Table 8.12. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Groups, All Sectors, 2016, 2017, 2018 ........................................................................... 179

Table 8.13. Number of Organ Transplantations by Years, All Sectors ..................................186

Table 8.14. Number of Exams of Some Imaging Devices in Hospitals by Sectors, 2018 .....187

Table 8.15. Number of Exams of Some Imaging Devices in Hospitals per Scanner by Sectors, 2018 ............................................................................................... 187

Table 8.16. Number of Exams of Some Imaging Devices in Hospitals per 1.000 Population by Sectors, 2018 ............................................................. 187

Table 8.17. Number of MRI Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 190

Table 8.18. Number of CT Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 190

Table 8.19. Number of Ultrasound Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 191

Table 8.20. Number of Doppler Ultrasound Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ...................................... 191

Table 8.21. Number of ECHO Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 192

Table 8.22. Number of Mammography Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................... 192

Table 8.23. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services, (%), 2018..................................... 196


Chapter 9. Pharmaceutical Statistics

Table 9.1. Box Sales of Pharmaceuticals by Years and ATC-1 Groups, Million Boxes ........207

Table 9.2. Pharmaceutical Consumption per 1.000 Population by Years and Selected ATC-1 Groups, DDD ........................................................................................... 208

Table 9.3. Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts by Years and Selected ATC-1 Groups, Million ₺ ........................................................................................................... 211

Table 9.4. OECD Health Care Quality Indicators on Primary Care Prescription by Years............................................................................................................. 220

Table 9.5. International Comparison of OECD Health Care Quality Indicators on Primary Care Prescription, 2017 ....................................................................... 220

Chapter 10. Human Resources for Health

Table 10.1. Number of Health Care Professionals by Years, All Sectors ..............................225

Table 10.2. Distribution of Health Care Professionals by Sectors and Titles, 2018 .............225

Table 10.3. Number of Health Care Professionals by Years, Ministry of Health ..................226

Table 10.4. Distribution of Health Care Professionals Working in Central Organization by Titles, MoH, 2018 ......................................................................................... 226

XII Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Table 10.5. Distribution of Dentists, Specialist Dentists and Dental Residents by NUTS-1, MoH, (%), 2018 .............................................................................. 244

Table 10.6. Distribution of MoH Personnel by Service Units, 2018 ....................................248

Table 10.7. Number of Students and Academic Staff Member in Faculties of Medicine by Education Terms .......................................................................................... 250

Table 10.8. Number of Students and Academic Staff Member in Faculties of Dentistry by Education Terms .......................................................................................... 250

Table 10.9. Number of Students and Academic Staff Member in Faculties of Pharmacy by Education Terms .......................................................................................... 250


Chapter 11. Health Economics and Financing

Table 11.1. Current, Investment and Total Health Expenditure by Years ............................257

Table 11.2 Public Current, Public Investment and Total Public Health Expenditure by Years............................................................................................................. 258

XIIIRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

List of Figures and Maps

Chapter 1. General Demographic Indicators

Figure 1.1. Population Pyramid, (%), 2000, 2018 ................................................................... 3

Figure 1.2. Population Pyramid by Sex, (%), 2018 .................................................................. 3

Figure 1.3. Urban and Rural Population Ratio by Years, (%) ................................................... 5

Figure 1.4. Rural and Urban Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018 ..................................... 5

Map 1.1. Urban Population Ratio by Provinces, (%), 2018 .................................................. 6

Figure 1.5. 0-14 Aged, 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio by Years, (%) .............................. 7

Figure 1.6. 0-14 Aged Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018 ............................................... 7

Map 1.2. 0-14 Aged Population Ratio by Provinces, (%), 2018 ............................................ 8

Figure 1.7. International Comparison of 0-14 Aged Population Ratio, (%), 2018 ...................9

Figure 1.8. 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018 ................................... 9

Map 1.3. 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio by Provinces, (%), 2018 .............................10

Figure 1.9. International Comparison of 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio, (%), 2018 ....11

Figure 1.10. International Comparison of Youth Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018 .....................11

Figure 1.11. International Comparison of Elderly Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018 ...................12

Figure 1.12. Total Age Dependency Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018 ............................................ 12

Map 1. 4. Total Age Dependency Ratio by Provinces, (%), 2018 ......................................... 13

Figure 1.13. International Comparison of Total Age Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018 ................14

Chapter 2. Mortality

Figure 2.1. Life Expectancy at Birth by Years and Sex, (Age) ................................................ 21

Figure 2.2. International Comparison of Life Expectancy at Birth, 2018 ..............................21

Figure 2.3. Infant Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018 .........................22

Figure 2.4. International Comparison of Infant Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018 .............................................................................. 22

Map 2.1. Infant Mortality Rate by Provinces, (per 1.000 Live Births), No Theshold, 2018.............................................................................................. 23

Figure 2.5. Perinatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Births), 2018 ............................24

Figure 2.6. Neonatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018 ....................24

Figure 2.7. International Comparison of Neonatal Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018 .............................................................................. 25

Figure 2.8. Postneonatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018 ..............25

Figure 2.9. Under-5 Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018 ......................26

Figure 2.10. International Comparison of Under-5 Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018 .............................................................................. 26

Figure 2.11. Maternal Mortality Ratio by NUTS-1, (per 100.000 Live Births), 2018 ...............27

XIV Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 2.12. International Comparison of Maternal Mortality Ratio, (per 100.000 Live Births), 2017 .......................................................................... 27

Map 2.2. Maternal Mortality Ratio by Provinces, (per 100.000 Live Births), 2018 ............28

Map 2.3. Diseases of the Circulatory System (ICD 10: I00-I99) Crude Death Rate by Usual Residence and Provinces, (‰), 2018 ................................................... 30

Map 2.4. Neoplasm (ICD 10: C00-D48) Crude Death Rate by Usual Residence and Provinces, (‰), 2018 ................................................................................... 31

Map 2.5. Diseases of the Respiratory System (ICD 10: J00-J99) Crude Death Rate by Usual Residence and Provinces, (‰), 2018 ................................................... 32

Figure 2.13. Distribution of Causes of Death by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Codes, (%), 2018............................................................................................................. 33

Figure 2.14. Age-Standardized Premature Mortality Rate of Four Main Non-Communicable Disease Groups by Years and Sex, (per 100.000, European Standard Population) ................................................... 34

Figure 2.15. International Comparison of Age-Standardized Premature Mortality Rate of Four Main Non-Communicable Disease Groups, (per 100.000, European Standard Population), 2015 ......................................... 34

Chapter 3. Morbidity

Figure 3.1. International Comparison of AIDS Incidence, (per 100.000 Population), 2017 .......................................................................... 40

Figure 3.2. International Comparison of AIDS Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population) .................................................................................... 40

Figure 3.3. International Comparison of Measles Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population) .................................................................................... 41

Figure 3.4. International Comparison of Tuberculosis Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population) .................................................................................... 41

Figure 3.5. International Comparison of Malaria Incidence (Imported Cases), (per 100.000 Population), 2017 .......................................................................... 42

Figure 3.6. Distribution of the Most Common 10 Cancer Types Among Men in the Total Cancer, (%), 2016 ............................................................................. 43

Figure 3.7. Distribution of the Most Common 10 Cancer Types Among Females in the Total Cancer, (%), 2016 ............................................................................. 44

Figure 3.8. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer by Sex, (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population), 2018 ............................46

Figure 3.9. International Comparison of Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer in Turkey, (per 100.000, World Standard Population), 2018 ..............47

Chapter 4. Risk Factors

Figure 4.1 International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex, (%), 2017 .......................................................... 60

Figure 4.2. International Comparison of Distribution of 15-24 Aged Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex, (%), 2017 ........................................................... 60

XVRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 4.3. International Comparison of the Average Number of Daily Cigarette per Individuals Using Cigarette in 15 and Over Aged, 2017................................ 61

Figure 4.4. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Consumers Who Consumed 6 or More Alcoholic Beverages at One Time in the Last 30 Days by Sex, (%), 2014 ................................................................................... 62

Figure 4.5. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese and Pre-Obese Individuals (Self-Reported), (%), 2017 ................................................................ 63

Figure 4.6. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese (BMI≥30) Individuals by Sex (Self-Reported), (%), 2017 ..................................................... 64

Figure 4.7. Distribution of Body Mass Index by Sex and Age Groups, (Measured), kg/m², 2017 ........................................................................................................ 64

Figure 4.8. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese and Pre-Obese Individuals (Measured), (%), 2017 ...................................................................... 65

Figure 4.9. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese (BMI≥30) Individuals by Sex (Measured), (%), 2017 ........................................................... 65

Figure 4.10. Distribution of Exclusive Breastfeeding of Infants in First 6 Months and 6-9 Months by Years, (%) .................................................................................... 67

Figure 4.11. Median Duration of Breastfeeding Among Children Under 3 Age by Years, (in Month) ........................................................................................... 68

Figure 4.12. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Fruit Consumption Once a Day or More by Sex, (%), 2017 ................................. 71

Figure 4.13. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Vegetable or Salad Consumption Once a Day or More by Sex, (%), 2017 ..........71

Figure 4.14. Distribution of Individuals with HbA1c ≥ 6,5% or Currently Receiving Diabetes Treatment by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2017 ..................................... 72

Figure 4.15. Comparison of Distribution of Individuals with HbA1c≥ 6,5% or Currently Receiving Diabetes Treatment and Individuals with HbA1c≥ 6,5% by Age Groups, (%), 2017 ................................................................................... 73

Figure 4.16. International Comparison of Age Standardized Diabetes Prevalence for 20-79 Age Group, (%), (World Standard Population), 2017 ..........................73

Figure 4.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Average Consumption of Salt in a Day by Sex and Years, (gram/day) ..................................................... 74

Chapter 5. Prevention of Diseases and Protection of Health

Figure 5.1. Third Dose Immunization Coverage of 5-Component Combined Vaccine (DaPT+IPV+Hib) by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018 ...................................................... 83

Figure 5.2. International Comparison of DaPT+IPV+Hib Immunization Coverage, (%), 2018............................................................................................................. 84

Figure 5.3. HBV 3 Immunization Coverage by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018 ..............................84

Figure 5.4. MMR Immunization Coverage by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018 ...............................85

Figure 5.5. International Comparison of MMR Immunization Coverage, (%), 2018 .............85

Figure 5.6. Number of Vaccine Antigens by Years and Vaccine Schedule, Ministry of Health ............................................................................................... 86

XVI Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 5.7. Proportion of Births at Hospital Among Live Births by NUTS-1,|(%), 2002, 2018 ............................................................................... 87

Figure 5.8. International Comparison of Proportion of Births Attended by Skilled Health Personnel, (%), 2017 ............................................................................... 88

Figure 5.9. International Comparison of Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum 1 Visit), (%), 2018............................................................................................................. 89

Figure 5.10. Proportion of Cesarean Sections Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018 ................................................................................................... 89

Figure 5.11. International Comparison of Proportion of Cesarean Sections Among Live Births, (%), 2017 .............................................................................. 90

Figure 5.12. Proportion of Primary Cesarean Sections Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2018............................................................................................................. 90

Figure 5.13. Proportion of Induced Abortion by Years, (in 100 Gestation) ............................91

Figure 5.14. Proportion of Births by Age Group of Mother Among All Births, (%), 2018 .......91

Figure 5.15. Age-Specific Fertility Rate, (‰), 2018 ................................................................ 92

Figure 5.16. Adolescent Fertility Rate by Years, (‰) .............................................................. 92

Figure 5.17. International Comparison of Adolescent Fertility Rate, (‰), 2017 ....................93

Figure 5.18. Proportion of Adolescent Mothers Among All Mothers by Years, (%)................93

Chapter 6. Global Burden of Disease 2017 Turkey Results

Figure 6.1. YLL per 100.000 Population by Years and Sex..................................................... 99

Figure 6.2. YLD per 100.000 Population by Years and Sex .................................................. 101

Figure 6.3. DALY per 100.000 Population by Years ............................................................. 103

Figure 6.4. DALY by Sex and Age Groups, (in Million), 2017 ............................................... 105

Figure 6.5. International Comparison of DALY per 100.000 Population, 2002, 2017 .........105

Figure 6.6. International Comparison of Change in DALY Between 2002-2017, (%) ..........106

Figure 6.7. DALY by Major Disease Groups and Sex, (in Million), 2002, 2017 ....................106

Figure 6.8. DALY per 100.000 Population by Major Disease Groups and Age Groups, (in Million), 2017 .............................................................................................. 107

Figure 6.9. Major Disease Groups’ DALY (in Million) and Change in Their Percent, (%), 2002, 2017 ................................................................................................. 107

Figure 6.10. Change in Year of 2017 Top 20 DALY Causes Compared to Year of 2002, (%)...108

Figure 6.11. DALY per 100.000 Population by Major Disease Groups and Sex, 2002, 2017 ........................................................................................................ 109

Figure 6.12. International Comparison of DALY by Major Disease Groups as Percentage, 2017 ......................................................................................... 110

Figure 6.13. International Comparison of YLL, YLD and DALY per 100.000 Population, 2017 .......................................................................... 110

Figure 6.14. Share of Attributable YLL to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017 ................111

Figure 6.15. Share of Attributable YLD to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017 ................111

XVIIRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 6.16. Share of Attributable DALY to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017 ..............112

Figure 6.17. HALE at Birth by Years and Sex ......................................................................... 113

Figure 6.18. HALE at Age of 65 by Years and Sex .................................................................. 113

Figure 6.19. International Comparison of HALE at Birth and 65 Age, 2017 ..........................114

Chapter 7. Health Care Facilities and Infrastructures

Figure 7.1. Number of Hospitals by Years and Sectors ....................................................... 119

Figure 7.2. Number of Hospital Beds by Years and Sectors ................................................ 119

Figure 7.3. Number of Qualified Beds by Years and Sectors .............................................. 120

Figure 7.4. Proportion of Qualified Beds Among Total Beds, (%), All Sectors, Ministry of Health, 2018 ......................................................... 121

Map 7.1. Proportion of Qualified Beds Among Total Beds by Provinces, (%), All Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................................ 122

Figure 7.5. Distribution of Qualified Beds by Years and Sectors, (%) ..................................123

Figure 7.6. Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 ..................................................................................... 123

Figure 7.7. Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2002, 2018 ......................................................................... 124

Figure 7.8. International Comparison of Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population, 2017 ............................................................................ 124

Map 7.2. Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 125

Figure 7.9. Total Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds by Years and Sectors ......................126

Figure 7.10. Distribution of Intensive Care Unit Beds by Years and Sectors, (%) ..................127

Figure 7.11. Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018 ............................................................................ 127

Figure 7.12. Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018 ................................................................ 128

Figure 7.13. Proportion of Intensive Care Unit Beds to All Beds by NUTS-1, (%), All Sectors, 2018 ........................................................................................ 128

Map 7.3. Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds per 10.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 129

Figure 7.14. Number of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Beds per 1.000 Live Births by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018 ............................................................................ 130

Figure 7.15. Number of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Beds per 1.000 Live Births by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018 ................................................................ 130

Map 7.4. Number of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Beds per 1.000 Live Births by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 131

Figure 7.16. Number of Hemodialysis Centers by Years and Sectors ................................... 132

Figure 7.17. Number of Actively Used Hemodialysis Equipment by Years and Sectors........133

XVIII Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Map 7.5. Actively Used Hemodialysis Equipment per 1.000.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 134

Figure 7.18 International Comparison of Number of MRI Devices per 1.000.000 Population, 2017 ....................................................................... 136

Map 7.6. Number of MRI Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ...............................137

Figure 7.19. International Comparison of Number of CT Devices per 1.000.000 Population, 2017 ....................................................................... 138

Map 7.7. Number of CT Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ...............................139

Figure 7.20. Population per Dental Unit by Years, Ministry of Health ..................................143

Figure 7.21. Population per Dental Unit by NUTS-1, All Sectors, Ministry of Health, 2018 ................................................................ 143

Map 7.8. Population per Dental Unit by Provinces, Ministry of Health, 2018 .................144

Figure 7.22. Population per Family Medicine Unit by NUTS-1, 2018 ...................................145

Map 7.9. Population per Family Medicine Unit by Provinces, 2018 ................................146

Figure 7.23. Number of Family Health Center Medical Examination Room by Years ...........147

Figure 7.24. Population per 112 Emergency Care Station by Years, Ministry of Health .......147

Figure 7.25. Population per 112 Emergency Care Station by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018 ................................................................................... 148

Figure 7.26. Number of Ambulance by Years, Ministry of Health ........................................ 148

Map 7.10. Population per 112 Emergency Care Station by Provinces, Ministry of Health, 2018 ................................................................................... 149

Figure 7.27. Population per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by Years, Ministry of Health ............................................................................................. 150

Figure 7.28. Population per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018 ................................................................................... 150

Map 7.11. Population per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by Provinces, Ministry of Health, 2018 ................................................................................... 151

Chapter 8. Utilization of Health Care Services

Figure 8.1. Total Number of per Capita Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by Years, All Sectors .......................................................................................... 161

Figure 8.2. Per Capita Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 .................................................................. 162

Figure 8.3. International Comparison of per Capita Visits to a Physician, 2017 .................162

Map 8.1. Per Capita Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 163

Map 8.2. Proportion of Visits to a Physician at Primary Health Care Facilities to All Sectors by Provinces, (%), 2018 ................................................................... 164

Figure 8.4. Ratio of Total Number of Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by Years, (%), All Sectors ................................................................................... 165

XIXRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 8.5. Per Capita Visits to a Physician at Primary Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 .................................................................. 165

Figure 8.6. Referrals from the Family Medicine Unit by Years, (%), Ministry of Health ......166

Figure 8.7. Per Capita Visits to a Physician at Secondary and Tertiary Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 .................................................... 166

Figure 8.8. Per Capita Visits to Hospitals by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 ....................167

Figure 8.9. Proportion of Visits to MoH Hospitals to All Sectors by NUTS-1, (%), 2018 .....168

Figure 8.10. Number of Visits to Dentists by Years, All Sectors ............................................ 168

Figure 8.11. Per Capita Visits to a Dentist by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018 ..............................169

Map 8.3. Per Capita Visits to a Dentist by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ...........................170

Figure 8.12. Bed Occupancy Rate by Years and Sectors, (%) ................................................ 175

Figure 8.13. Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (%) ..............................175

Figure 8.14. Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, (%), 2002, 2018 ................................................................................................. 176

Figure 8.15. International Comparison of Acute Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals, 2017 ...176

Map 8.4. Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals by Provinces, All Sectors, (%), 2018 .............177

Figure 8.16. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Day) ......................178

Figure 8.17. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (Day) .......................178

Figure 8.18. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, (Day), 2002, 2018 ........180

Figure 8.19. International Comparison of Average Length of Stay in Hospitals, 2017..........180

Map 8.5. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by Provinces, (Day), All Sectors, 2018 ......181

Figure 8.20. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Patient) .......................182

Figure 8.21. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by Years, (Patient), All Sectors ........................182

Figure 8.22. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, (Patient), MoH, 2002, 2018 .........183

Figure 8.23. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Day) ........................183

Figure 8.24. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by Years, (Day), All Sectors.........................184

Figure 8.25. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by NUTS-1, (Day), MoH, 2002, 2018 ..........184

Figure 8.26. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (‰) ................................185

Figure 8.27. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (‰) .................................185

Figure 8.28. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, (‰), 2002, 2018 ..................186

Figure 8.29. International Comparison of Number of Exams per MRI Scanner, 2017 ..........188

Figure 8. 30. International Comparison of Number of Exams per CT Scanner, 2017 ............188

Figure 8. 31. International Comparison of Number of MRI Exams per 1.000 Population, 2017 .............................................................................. 189

Figure 8. 32. International Comparison of Number of CT Exams per 1.000 Population, 2017 .............................................................................. 189

Figure 8.33. Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Station by Years .............................193

Figure 8.34. Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Station by NUTS-1, 2002, 2018 ......193

XX Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 8.35. Total Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by Years ..............194

Figure 8.36. Total Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by NUTS-1, 2002, 2018 ..................................................................................... 194

Figure 8.37. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services by Years, (%) ................................195

Figure 8.38. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services by Years and Sectors, (%) .............195

Figure 8.39. International Comparison of Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services, (%), 2007, 2018 ................................................................................................. 196

Figure 8.40. Satisfaction with Health Care Services, (%), 2018 and Public Current Health Expenditure per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017 ........................................................ 197

Figure 8.41. Satisfaction with Health Care Services, (%), 2018 and Total Current Health Expenditure per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017 ........................................................ 197

Figure 8.42. Satisfaction with Health Care Services (%), 2018 and Total Current Health Expenditure per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017 ........................................................ 198

Figure 8.43. Life Expectancy at Birth, (Age) and Total Current Health Expenditure per Capita, (PPP US $), 2002, 2017 ................................................................... 198

Chapter 9. Pharmaceutical Statistics

Figure 9.1. International Comparison of Pharmaceutical Consumption per 1.000 Population by Selected ATC-1 Groups, DDD, 2017 ...........................208

Figure 9.2. International Comparison of Antibiotic (ATC-J01) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2017 ..................................................................... 209

Figure 9.3. International Comparison of Antihypertensive Drug Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017 ........................................................... 209

Figure 9.4. International Comparison of Cholesterol-Lowering Drug (ATC-C10) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017 ..................................... 210

Figure 9.5. International Comparison of Antidiabetic Drug (ATC-A10) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017 ........................................................... 210

Figure 9.6. International Comparison of Antidepressant Drug (ATC-N06A) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017 ........................................................... 211

Figure 9.7. International Comparison of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (National Currency) by Selected ATC-1 Groups, (%), 2017 ...............................212

Figure 9.8. Ratio of Prescriptions Including Antibiotic, Analgesic, Injectable Drug Among All Prescriptions Written Out by Family Physicians by Years, (%) .........212

Map 9.1. Ratio of Prescriptions Including Antibiotic Among All Prescriptions Written Out by Family Physicians by Provinces, (%), 2018 ...............................213

Map 9.2. Ratio of Prescriptions Including Analgesic Among All Prescriptions Written Out by Family Physicians by Provinces, (%), 2018 ...............................214

Map 9.3. Ratio of Prescriptions Including Injectable Drug Among All Prescriptions Written Out by Family Physicians by Provinces, (%), 2018 ...............................215

Figure 9.9. Distribution of Prescriptions Including Antibiotic Written Out by Family Physicians by Years and Age Groups, (%) .......................................... 216

Figure 9.10. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Types of Reference, (%) .............................................................................................. 216

XXIRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 9.11. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Types of Reference, (%) .............................................................................................. 217

Figure 9.12. International Comparison of Box Sales and Sales Amounts (National Currency) of Generic Drugs, (%), 2017.............................................. 217

Figure 9.13. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Local/Imported Status, (%) ......................................................................................................... 218

Figure 9.14. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Local/Imported Status, (%) ........................................................................ 218

Figure 9.15. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Reimbursement Status, (%) ......................................................................................................... 219

Figure 9.16. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Reimbursement Status, (%) ....................................................................... 219

Chapter 10. Human Resources for Health

Figure 10.1. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors .......227

Figure 10.2. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 .................................................................. 227

Map 10.1. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 228

Figure 10.3. International Comparison of Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population, 2017 .......................................................................... 229

Figure 10.4. International Comparison of Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-2, 2017 ........................................................ 229

Figure 10.5. Number of General Practitioners per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 .................................................................. 230

Figure 10.6. Number of Specialist Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 .................................................................. 230

Map 10.2. Number of General Practitioners per 100.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 231

Map 10.3. Number of Specialist Physicians per 100.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ......................................................................... 232

Figure 10.7. Distribution of Specialist Physicians, General Practitioners and Medical Residents by NUTS-1, All Sectors, (%), 2018 ....................................... 233

Figure 10.8. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors ..........233

Figure 10.9. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 ..................................................................................... 234

Figure 10.10. Distribution of Dentists, Specialist Dentists and Dental Residents by NUTS-1, All Sectors, (%), 2018 ..................................................................... 234

Map 10.4. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ............................................................................................... 235

Figure 10.11. International Comparison of Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population, 2017 .......................................................................... 236

Figure 10.12. Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors .............236

XXII Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 10.13. Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 ..................................................................................... 237

Figure 10.14. International Comparison of Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population, 2017 .......................................................................... 237

Map 10.5. Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population by Provinces, All Sectors, 2018 ............................................................................................... 238

Figure 10.15. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors .......................................................................................... 239

Figure 10.16. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018 .................................................................. 239

Map 10.6. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by Population, All Sectors, 2018 ....................................................................... 240

Figure 10.17. International Comparison of Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population, 2017 .......................................................................... 241

Figure 10.18. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018 .............................................................................................. 241

Figure 10.19. Number of General Practitioners per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018 ........................................................................... 242

Figure 10.20. Number of Specialist Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018 ........................................................................... 242

Figure 10.21. Distribution of Specialist Physicians, General Practitioners and Medical Residents by NUTS-1, MoH, (%), 2018 ................................................ 243

Figure 10.22. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018 .............................................................................................. 243

Figure 10.23. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018 ........................................................................... 244

Figure 10.24. Distribution of Total Physicians by Years and Sectors, (%) ................................245

Figure 10.25. Distribution of General Practitioners by Years and Sectors, (%) .......................245

Figure 10.26. Distribution of Specialist Physicians by Years and Sectors, (%) .........................246

Figure 10.27. Distribution of Total Dentists by Years and Sectors, (%) ...................................246

Figure 10.28. Distribution of Pharmacists by Years and Sectors, (%) ..................................... 247

Figure 10.29. Distribution of Nurses and Midwives by Years and Sectors, (%) .......................247

Figure 10.30. Population per Actively Working Family Medicine by NUTS-1, 2018 ...............248

Map 10.7. Population per Actively Working Family Medicine by Provinces, 2018 ............249

Chapter 11. Health Economics and Financing

Figure 11.1. Public and Private Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP by Years, (%) ...........259

Figure 11.2. Public and Private Current Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP by Years, (%) ..................................................................................................... 259

Figure 11.3. International Comparison of Current Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP, (%), 2017........................................................................................................... 260

Figure 11.4. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, Nominal, in ₺ ......260

XXIIIRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 11.5. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita at 2018 Price Level by Years, Real, in ₺............................................................................................ 261

Figure 11.6. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, in US $.................261

Figure 11.7. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $ .............262

Figure 11.8. Public and Private Current Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $ ........................................................................................................... 262

Figure 11.9. International Comparison of Current Health Expenditure per Capita, PPP US $, 2017 ................................................................................................. 263

Figure 11.10. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, Nominal, in ₺ ............263

Figure 11.11. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita at 2018 Price Level, Real, in ₺........................................................................... 264

Figure 11.12. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, in US $ .......................264

Figure 11.13. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $ ....................265

Figure 11.14. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure as a Share of Total Health Expenditure by Years, (%) ..................................................................................................... 265

Figure 11.15. Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure as a Share of Total Current Health Expenditure by Years, (%) ..................................................................... 266

Figure 11.16. International Comparison of Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure as a Share of Current Health Expenditure, (%), 2017 ....................................... 266

Figure 11.17. International Comparison of Distribution of Current Health Expenditure by Financing Type, 2017 ................................................................................... 267

Figure 11.18. Rates of Increase of Non-Interest Expenditures and Public Health Expenditures by Years, (%) ............................................................................... 267

Figure 11.19. International Comparison of Ratio of Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure in Household Final Consumption Expenditure, 2017 ...................268

Figure 11.20. Catastrophic Health Expenditure by Years, (%) ................................................ 268

XXVRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Health

General Explanations on Health Statistics Yearbook 2018

While the values of the indicators in the Health Statistics Yearbook 2018 were calculated,

international definitions and standards have been used and were revised in accordance with these

definitions and standards.

Please find the information in detail in the fact sheet at the end of the chapters.

The international data on all chapters (except Turkey) are taken from the following sources;

1. Online database of the World Health Organization Headquarters in Geneva, "Global Health

Observatory" (http://www.who.int/gho/en/), which contains data on 194 countries. In order to

make comparisons between countries, projected data for countries are included. “Health 2020”

indicators are taken from “European Health Information Gateway” database belonging to WHO

Europe and the data for these indicators are self-reported.

2. OECD and EUROSTAT databases are based on the values which are reported from the countries.

They are not used any estimation methods to produce data for the indicators.

3. The values in the yearbook which are taken from World Bank database are produced by using

estimation techniques.

4. The Project of GLOBOCAN provides a suite of data visualization tools to explore estimates of the

incidence, mortality, and prevalence of 36 specific cancer types and of all cancer sites combined in

185 countries or territories of the world, by sex and age group, as part of the IARC (the

International Association of Cancer Registries). The method of estimations is country-specific and

its quality is based on scope, quality, accuracy and recency of data.

5. UN IGME was formed in 2004 to share data on child mortality, improve methods for child

mortality estimation, report on progress towards child survival goals, and enhance country capacity

to produce timely and properly assessed estimates of child mortality. The UN IGME is led by the

UNICEF, WHO, World Bank and UNPD.

6. Most of the values in the databases belong to two years ago.

7. For making international comparison, it was used population estimates of UN.

8. Numbers written alongside of EU, OECD and WHO indicate the number of countries included in

the calculation.

XXVI Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

International comparison of the regions and countries that are included are as follows;

1. WHO/European Region: Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan.

2. Upper Middle Income Countries (Countries with GNI per capita between $3.996 and $12.375): Albania, Algeria, American Somoa, Armenia, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Georgia, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Lebanon, Libya, Macedonia, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Montenegro, Namibia, Nauru, Paraguay, Peru, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Serbia, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Suriname, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Venezuela.

3. High-Income Countries (Countries with GNI per capita of $12.376 or more): Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belgium, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Darussalam, Canada, Cayman Islands, Channel Islands, Chile, Croatia, Curacao, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, French Polynesia, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Guam, Hungary, Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macao, Malta, Martinique, Monaco, Netherlands, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Northern Mariana Islands, Norway, Oman, Palau, Panama, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Saint Maarten (Dutch part), Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, St. Kitts and Nevis, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Virgin Islands (U.S.).

4. European Union: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom.

5. OECD Countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States.

Note: World Bank divides the countries into 4 groups namely high, upper-middle, lower-middle and low income. The countries are grouped based on their gross national income per capita by using Atlas Method. As of 01 July 2019, the countries are defined below.

Income Groups

Low

Lower-Middle

Upper-Middle

High

GNI (per capita) (US $) < 1.026 1.026 - 3.995 3.996- 12.375 > 12.375

Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Chapter 1 GeneralDemographicIndicators

3Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Health Statistics Yearbook 2018

Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Figure 1.1. Population Pyramid, (%), 2000, 2018

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 1.2. Population Pyramid by Sex, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

12 8 4 0 4 8 12

0-45-9

10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-74

75 +

%

Age Group

2000 2018

12 8 4 0 4 8 12

0-45-9

10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-74

75 +

%

Age Group

Male Female

Figure 1.1. Population Pyramid, (%), 2000, 2018

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 1.2. Population Pyramid by Sex, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

12 8 4 0 4 8 12

0-45-9

10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-74

75 +

%

Age Group

2000 2018

12 8 4 0 4 8 12

0-45-9

10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-74

75 +

%

Age Group

Male Female

4 Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health


Table 1.1. General Demographic Indicators by Years

1990 2000 2015 2016 2017 2018

Total Population 56.473.035 67.803.927 78.741.053 79.814.871 80.810.525 82.003.882

Rural Population Ratio (%) 48,7 40,8 12,4 12,1 11,8 12,1

Urban Population Ratio (%) 51,3 59,2 87,6 87,9 88,2 87,9

0-14 Aged Population Ratio (%) 35,0 29,8 24,0 23,7 23,6 23,4

65 and Over Aged Population Ratio (%) 4,3 5,7 8,2 8,3 8,5 8,8

Youth Dependency Ratio (Aged 0-14)(%) 57,6 46,3 35,4 34,9 34,7 34,5

Elderly Dependency Ratio (Aged 65 and Over) (%) 7,1 8,8 12,2 12,3 12,6 12,9

Total Age Dependency Ratio (%) 64,7 55,1 47,6 47,2 47,2 47,4

Annual Population Growth Rate (‰) 21,7 18,3 13,4 13,5 12,4 14,7

Crude Birth Rate (‰) 24,1 21,6 17,1 16,6 16,1 15,3

Crude Death Rate (‰) 7,1 7,3 5,2 5,3 5,3 5,2

Total Fertility Rate 2,9 2,5 2,2 2,1 2,1 2,0

Source: TURKSTAT Table 1.2. Population by Age Groups, 2000, 2018

Age Group 2000 2018

0-4 6.584.822 6.484.986

5-9 6.756.617 6.358.920

10-14 6.878.656 6.340.423

15-19 7.209.475 6.424.267

20-24 6.690.146 6.547.129

25-29 5.895.255 6.276.469

30-34 5.009.655 6.333.153

35-39 4.854.387 6.576.072

40-44 4.068.756 5.846.026

45-49 3.368.769 5.310.707

50-54 2.717.349 4.701.324

55-59 2.058.422 4.172.341

60-64 1.829.288 3.445.861

65-69 1.645.517 2.612.207

70-74 1.172.643 1.856.922

75 + 1.040.789 2.717.075

Unknown 23.381 -

Turkey 67.803.927 82.003.882

Source: TURKSTAT

Table 1.1. General Demographic Indicators by Years

1990 2000 2015 2016 2017 2018

Total Population 56.473.035 67.803.927 78.741.053 79.814.871 80.810.525 82.003.882

Rural Population Ratio (%) 48,7 40,8 12,4 12,1 11,8 12,1

Urban Population Ratio (%) 51,3 59,2 87,6 87,9 88,2 87,9

0-14 Aged Population Ratio (%) 35,0 29,8 24,0 23,7 23,6 23,4

65 and Over Aged Population Ratio (%) 4,3 5,7 8,2 8,3 8,5 8,8

Youth Dependency Ratio (Aged 0-14)(%) 57,6 46,3 35,4 34,9 34,7 34,5

Elderly Dependency Ratio (Aged 65 and Over) (%) 7,1 8,8 12,2 12,3 12,6 12,9

Total Age Dependency Ratio (%) 64,7 55,1 47,6 47,2 47,2 47,4

Annual Population Growth Rate (‰) 21,7 18,3 13,4 13,5 12,4 14,7

Crude Birth Rate (‰) 24,1 21,6 17,1 16,6 16,1 15,3

Crude Death Rate (‰) 7,1 7,3 5,2 5,3 5,3 5,2

Total Fertility Rate 2,9 2,5 2,2 2,1 2,1 2,0

Source: TURKSTAT Table 1.2. Population by Age Groups, 2000, 2018

Age Group 2000 2018

0-4 6.584.822 6.484.986

5-9 6.756.617 6.358.920

10-14 6.878.656 6.340.423

15-19 7.209.475 6.424.267

20-24 6.690.146 6.547.129

25-29 5.895.255 6.276.469

30-34 5.009.655 6.333.153

35-39 4.854.387 6.576.072

40-44 4.068.756 5.846.026

45-49 3.368.769 5.310.707

50-54 2.717.349 4.701.324

55-59 2.058.422 4.172.341

60-64 1.829.288 3.445.861

65-69 1.645.517 2.612.207

70-74 1.172.643 1.856.922

75 + 1.040.789 2.717.075

Unknown 23.381 -

Turkey 67.803.927 82.003.882

Source: TURKSTAT



Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Figure 1.3. Urban and Rural Population Ratio by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 1.4. Rural and Urban Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

12,1

11,8

12,1

12,4

40,8

48,7

87,9

88,2

87,9

87,6

59,2

51,3

0 50 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2000

1990

%

Year

Rural Population Ratio Urban Population Ratio

0,13,56,28,49,69,812,1

17,128,6

31,134,034,6

40,8

99,996,593,891,690,490,287,9

82,971,468,9

66,065,4

59,2

0 50 100

IstanbulWestern Anatolia

MediterraneanEastern Marmara

AegeanSoutheastern Anatolia

TurkeyWestern Marmara

Mideastern AnatoliaCentral Anatolia

Eastern BlackseaWestern Blacksea


%

NUTS-1


Figure 1.3. Urban and Rural Population Ratio by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 1.4. Rural and Urban Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

12,1

11,8

12,1

12,4

40,8

48,7

87,9

88,2

87,9

87,6

59,2

51,3

0 50 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2000

1990

%

Year


0,13,56,28,49,69,812,1

17,128,6

31,134,034,6

40,8

99,996,593,891,690,490,287,9

82,971,468,9

66,065,4

59,2

0 50 100

IstanbulWestern Anatolia

MediterraneanEastern Marmara

AegeanSoutheastern Anatolia


Mideastern AnatoliaCentral Anatolia



%

NUTS-1




Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

> 95

64 -

95

52 -

63<

52

=

Map

1.1

. Urb

an P

opul

atio

n R

atio

by

Prov

ince

s, (%

), 20

18

Sour

ce: T

UR

KST

AT



Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Figure 1.5. 0-14 Aged, 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 1.6. 0-14 Aged Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

35,0

29,826,4

23,4

4,35,7

7,18,8

0

10

20

30

40

1990 2000 2007 2018

%

Year0-14 Aged Population Ratio 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio

17,7

18,5

18,9

19,4

21,5

22,1

22,1

22,7

23,4

24,6

27,7

29,0

34,8

0 20 40

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

Istanbul

Central Anatolia

Turkey

Mediterranean


Mideastern Anatolia


%

NUTS-1

Figure 1.5. 0-14 Aged, 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 1.6. 0-14 Aged Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

35,0

29,826,4

23,4

4,35,7

7,18,8

0

10

20

30

40

1990 2000 2007 2018

%

Year0-14 Aged Population Ratio 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio

17,7

18,5

18,9

19,4

21,5

22,1

22,1

22,7

23,4

24,6

27,7

29,0

34,8

0 20 40

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

Istanbul

Central Anatolia

Turkey

Mediterranean


Mideastern Anatolia


%

NUTS-1



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 19

19 -

21

22 -

26>

26

=

Map

1.2

. 0-1

4 A

ged

Popu

latio

n R

atio

by

Prov

ince

s, (%

), 20

18

Sour

ce: T

UR

KST

AT



Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Figure 1.7. International Comparison of 0-14 Aged Population Ratio, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD Figure 1.8. 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

25,8

23,4

20,4

18,0 17,916,5

15,4

0

10

20

30

Global Turkey Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries

WHOEuropean

Region

OECD High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU

%

4,96,56,7

7,98,3

8,68,8

9,110,3

11,312,6

13,213,3

0 5 10 15

Southeastern AnatoliaMideastern Anatolia

IstanbulNortheastern Anatolia

MediterraneanWestern Anatolia

TurkeyEastern Marmara

Central AnatoliaAegean

Western MarmaraEastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

%

NUTS-1

Figure 1.7. International Comparison of 0-14 Aged Population Ratio, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD Figure 1.8. 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

25,8

23,4

20,4

18,0 17,916,5

15,4

0

10

20

30


Countries

WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

EU

%

4,96,56,7

7,98,3

8,68,8

9,110,3

11,312,6

13,213,3

0 5 10 15

Southeastern AnatoliaMideastern Anatolia

IstanbulNortheastern Anatolia

MediterraneanWestern Anatolia


Central AnatoliaAegean

Western MarmaraEastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

%

NUTS-1



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 8

8 -10

11 -

12>

12

=

Map

1.3

. 65

and

Ove

r Age

d Po

pula

tion

Rat

io b

y Pr

ovin

ces,

(%),

2018

Sour

ce: T

UR

KST

AT



Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Figure 1.9. International Comparison of 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD Figure 1.10.International Comparison of Youth Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD

20,118,0

17,1 16,4

10,28,9 8,8

0

5

10

15

20

25

EU High IncomeGroup

Countries

OECD WHOEuropean

Region

Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries

Global Turkey

%

39,5

34,5

29,427,5 27,4

25,3 23,9

0

10

20

30

40


Countries

OECD WHOEuropean

Region

High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU

%

Figure 1.9. International Comparison of 65 and Over Aged Population Ratio, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD Figure 1.10.International Comparison of Youth Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018


20,118,0

17,1 16,4

10,28,9 8,8

0

5

10

15

20

25

EU High IncomeGroup

Countries

OECD WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

Global Turkey

%

39,5

34,5

29,427,5 27,4

25,3 23,9

0

10

20

30

40


Countries

OECD WHOEuropean

Region

High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU

%



Figure 1.11.International Comparison of Elderly Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD Figure 1.12. Total Age Dependency Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

31,1

27,526,3

25,0

14,7 13,7 12,9

0

10

20

30

EU High IncomeGroup

Countries

OECD WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

Global Turkey

%

40,443,744,044,244,3

46,547,447,4

49,149,4

54,955,2

65,6

0 15 30 45 60 75

IstanbulWestern MarmaraEastern MarmaraWestern Anatolia

AegeanEastern Blacksea

Western BlackseaTurkey

MediterraneanCentral Anatolia

Mideastern AnatoliaNortheastern AnatoliaSoutheastern Anatolia

%

NUTS-1

Figure 1.11.International Comparison of Elderly Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD Figure 1.12. Total Age Dependency Ratio by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT

31,1

27,526,3

25,0

14,7 13,7 12,9

0

10

20

30

EU High IncomeGroup

Countries

OECD WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

Global Turkey

%

40,443,744,044,244,3

46,547,447,4

49,149,4

54,955,2

65,6

0 15 30 45 60 75

IstanbulWestern MarmaraEastern MarmaraWestern Anatolia


Western BlackseaTurkey

MediterraneanCentral Anatolia


%

NUTS-1



Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

4545

-48

49 -

52>

52

=

Map

1.4

. Tot

al A

ge D

epen

denc

y R

atio

by

Prov

ince

s, (%

), 20

18

Sour

ce: T

UR

KST

AT



Figure 1.13. International Comparison of Total Age Dependency Ratio, (%), 2018


54,9 53,8 53,2 52,8 52,447,4

44,1

0

20

40

60

EU OECD Global High IncomeGroup

Countries

WHOEuropean

Region

Turkey Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries

%



Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Table 1.3. Some General Demographic Indicators by Provinces, 2018

City Total Population

Rural Population

Ratio (%)

Urban Population

Ratio (%)

0-14 Aged Population

Ratio (%)

65 and Over Aged Population

Ratio (%)

Youth Dependency

Ratio (Aged 0-14)

(%)

Elderly Dependency

Ratio (Aged 65 and Over)

(%)

Total Age Dependency

Ratio (%)

Adana 2.220.125 3,9 96,1 25,3 7,9 37,8 11,8 49,6

Adıyaman 624.513 36,3 63,7 29,3 7,6 46,3 12,0 58,3

Afyonkarahisar 725.568 55,9 44,1 22,3 10,9 33,3 16,3 49,6

Ağrı 539.657 48,7 51,3 35,4 4,5 59,0 7,4 66,4

Amasya 337.508 38,1 61,9 18,5 14,1 27,4 21,0 48,4

Ankara 5.503.985 1,1 98,9 21,2 8,2 30,0 11,7 41,7

Antalya 2.426.356 1,0 99,0 21,9 8,2 31,3 11,7 43,0

Artvin 174.010 73,5 26,5 16,3 15,7 24,0 23,1 47,1

Aydın 1.097.746 5,0 95,0 19,1 12,8 28,1 18,9 47,0

Balıkesir 1.226.575 6,1 93,9 16,9 14,8 24,8 21,7 46,5

Bilecik 223.448 39,4 60,6 18,7 10,9 26,5 15,5 42,0

Bingöl 281.205 58,2 41,8 26,9 6,7 40,5 10,0 50,6

Bitlis 349.396 49,5 50,5 32,9 5,0 52,9 8,0 60,9

Bolu 311.810 37,7 62,3 17,8 13,1 25,8 19,0 44,8

Burdur 269.926 50,1 49,9 17,2 14,4 25,1 21,0 46,1

Bursa 2.994.521 1,6 98,4 21,9 8,9 31,6 12,9 44,5

Çanakkale 540.662 48,4 51,6 15,9 14,5 22,8 20,9 43,7

Çankırı 216.362 61,0 39,0 18,1 14,7 26,9 21,9 48,7

Çorum 536.483 39,7 60,3 19,9 14,4 30,2 22,0 52,2

Denizli 1.027.782 10,7 89,3 20,2 10,7 29,3 15,4 44,7

Diyarbakır 1.732.396 2,6 97,4 33,4 4,8 54,1 7,7 61,8

Edirne 411.528 34,3 65,7 15,1 14,0 21,2 19,7 40,9

Elazığ 595.638 36,6 63,4 22,6 9,3 33,2 13,7 46,9

Erzincan 236.034 40,3 59,7 19,2 12,1 28,0 17,6 45,6

Erzurum 767.848 15,4 84,6 25,9 8,4 39,5 12,9 52,4

Eskişehir 871.187 10,0 90,0 18,1 11,1 25,5 15,7 41,2

Gaziantep 2.028.563 0,5 99,5 32,7 5,3 52,8 8,6 61,4

Giresun 453.912 60,8 39,2 16,6 15,5 24,4 22,9 47,2

Gümüşhane 162.748 75,7 24,3 18,1 11,7 25,7 16,6 42,3

Hakkari 286.470 54,2 45,8 29,2 3,2 43,1 4,8 47,9

Hatay 1.609.856 0,9 99,1 28,2 7,1 43,6 10,9 54,5

Isparta 441.412 41,5 58,5 18,6 12,3 26,8 17,7 44,5

Mersin 1.814.468 1,1 98,9 23,6 8,8 35,0 13,1 48,1

İstanbul 15.067.724 0,1 99,9 22,1 6,7 31,1 9,4 40,4

İzmir 4.320.519 0,5 99,5 18,8 10,9 26,8 15,5 42,3

Kars 288.878 70,1 29,9 27,4 7,9 42,3 12,1 54,4

Kastamonu 383.373 61,6 38,4 16,3 17,1 24,5 25,8 50,3

Kayseri 1.389.680 5,4 94,6 24,6 8,5 36,8 12,6 49,4

Kırklareli 360.860 37,3 62,7 15,4 13,2 21,6 18,5 40,2

Kırşehir 241.868 33,8 66,2 20,0 11,3 29,1 16,5 45,6

Kocaeli 1.906.391 0,0 100,0 23,6 7,0 33,9 10,1 44,0

Source: TURKSTAT



Rural Population

Ratio (%)

Urban Population

Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)

Youth Dependency

Ratio (Aged 0-14)

(%)

Elderly Dependency


(%)


Ratio (%)

Adana 2.220.125 3,9 96,1 25,3 7,9 37,8 11,8 49,6

Adıyaman 624.513 36,3 63,7 29,3 7,6 46,3 12,0 58,3

Afyonkarahisar 725.568 55,9 44,1 22,3 10,9 33,3 16,3 49,6

Ağrı 539.657 48,7 51,3 35,4 4,5 59,0 7,4 66,4

Amasya 337.508 38,1 61,9 18,5 14,1 27,4 21,0 48,4

Ankara 5.503.985 1,1 98,9 21,2 8,2 30,0 11,7 41,7

Antalya 2.426.356 1,0 99,0 21,9 8,2 31,3 11,7 43,0

Artvin 174.010 73,5 26,5 16,3 15,7 24,0 23,1 47,1

Aydın 1.097.746 5,0 95,0 19,1 12,8 28,1 18,9 47,0

Balıkesir 1.226.575 6,1 93,9 16,9 14,8 24,8 21,7 46,5

Bilecik 223.448 39,4 60,6 18,7 10,9 26,5 15,5 42,0

Bingöl 281.205 58,2 41,8 26,9 6,7 40,5 10,0 50,6

Bitlis 349.396 49,5 50,5 32,9 5,0 52,9 8,0 60,9

Bolu 311.810 37,7 62,3 17,8 13,1 25,8 19,0 44,8

Burdur 269.926 50,1 49,9 17,2 14,4 25,1 21,0 46,1

Bursa 2.994.521 1,6 98,4 21,9 8,9 31,6 12,9 44,5

Çanakkale 540.662 48,4 51,6 15,9 14,5 22,8 20,9 43,7

Çankırı 216.362 61,0 39,0 18,1 14,7 26,9 21,9 48,7

Çorum 536.483 39,7 60,3 19,9 14,4 30,2 22,0 52,2

Denizli 1.027.782 10,7 89,3 20,2 10,7 29,3 15,4 44,7

Diyarbakır 1.732.396 2,6 97,4 33,4 4,8 54,1 7,7 61,8

Edirne 411.528 34,3 65,7 15,1 14,0 21,2 19,7 40,9

Elazığ 595.638 36,6 63,4 22,6 9,3 33,2 13,7 46,9

Erzincan 236.034 40,3 59,7 19,2 12,1 28,0 17,6 45,6

Erzurum 767.848 15,4 84,6 25,9 8,4 39,5 12,9 52,4

Eskişehir 871.187 10,0 90,0 18,1 11,1 25,5 15,7 41,2

Gaziantep 2.028.563 0,5 99,5 32,7 5,3 52,8 8,6 61,4

Giresun 453.912 60,8 39,2 16,6 15,5 24,4 22,9 47,2

Gümüşhane 162.748 75,7 24,3 18,1 11,7 25,7 16,6 42,3

Hakkari 286.470 54,2 45,8 29,2 3,2 43,1 4,8 47,9

Hatay 1.609.856 0,9 99,1 28,2 7,1 43,6 10,9 54,5

Isparta 441.412 41,5 58,5 18,6 12,3 26,8 17,7 44,5

Mersin 1.814.468 1,1 98,9 23,6 8,8 35,0 13,1 48,1

İstanbul 15.067.724 0,1 99,9 22,1 6,7 31,1 9,4 40,4

İzmir 4.320.519 0,5 99,5 18,8 10,9 26,8 15,5 42,3

Kars 288.878 70,1 29,9 27,4 7,9 42,3 12,1 54,4

Kastamonu 383.373 61,6 38,4 16,3 17,1 24,5 25,8 50,3

Kayseri 1.389.680 5,4 94,6 24,6 8,5 36,8 12,6 49,4

Kırklareli 360.860 37,3 62,7 15,4 13,2 21,6 18,5 40,2

Kırşehir 241.868 33,8 66,2 20,0 11,3 29,1 16,5 45,6

Kocaeli 1.906.391 0,0 100,0 23,6 7,0 33,9 10,1 44,0

Source: TURKSTAT



Rural Population

Ratio (%)

Urban Population

Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)

Youth Dependency

Ratio (Aged 0-14)

(%)

Elderly Dependency


(%)


Ratio (%)

Adana 2.220.125 3,9 96,1 25,3 7,9 37,8 11,8 49,6

Adıyaman 624.513 36,3 63,7 29,3 7,6 46,3 12,0 58,3

Afyonkarahisar 725.568 55,9 44,1 22,3 10,9 33,3 16,3 49,6

Ağrı 539.657 48,7 51,3 35,4 4,5 59,0 7,4 66,4

Amasya 337.508 38,1 61,9 18,5 14,1 27,4 21,0 48,4

Ankara 5.503.985 1,1 98,9 21,2 8,2 30,0 11,7 41,7

Antalya 2.426.356 1,0 99,0 21,9 8,2 31,3 11,7 43,0

Artvin 174.010 73,5 26,5 16,3 15,7 24,0 23,1 47,1

Aydın 1.097.746 5,0 95,0 19,1 12,8 28,1 18,9 47,0

Balıkesir 1.226.575 6,1 93,9 16,9 14,8 24,8 21,7 46,5

Bilecik 223.448 39,4 60,6 18,7 10,9 26,5 15,5 42,0

Bingöl 281.205 58,2 41,8 26,9 6,7 40,5 10,0 50,6

Bitlis 349.396 49,5 50,5 32,9 5,0 52,9 8,0 60,9

Bolu 311.810 37,7 62,3 17,8 13,1 25,8 19,0 44,8

Burdur 269.926 50,1 49,9 17,2 14,4 25,1 21,0 46,1

Bursa 2.994.521 1,6 98,4 21,9 8,9 31,6 12,9 44,5

Çanakkale 540.662 48,4 51,6 15,9 14,5 22,8 20,9 43,7

Çankırı 216.362 61,0 39,0 18,1 14,7 26,9 21,9 48,7

Çorum 536.483 39,7 60,3 19,9 14,4 30,2 22,0 52,2

Denizli 1.027.782 10,7 89,3 20,2 10,7 29,3 15,4 44,7

Diyarbakır 1.732.396 2,6 97,4 33,4 4,8 54,1 7,7 61,8

Edirne 411.528 34,3 65,7 15,1 14,0 21,2 19,7 40,9

Elazığ 595.638 36,6 63,4 22,6 9,3 33,2 13,7 46,9

Erzincan 236.034 40,3 59,7 19,2 12,1 28,0 17,6 45,6

Erzurum 767.848 15,4 84,6 25,9 8,4 39,5 12,9 52,4

Eskişehir 871.187 10,0 90,0 18,1 11,1 25,5 15,7 41,2

Gaziantep 2.028.563 0,5 99,5 32,7 5,3 52,8 8,6 61,4

Giresun 453.912 60,8 39,2 16,6 15,5 24,4 22,9 47,2

Gümüşhane 162.748 75,7 24,3 18,1 11,7 25,7 16,6 42,3

Hakkari 286.470 54,2 45,8 29,2 3,2 43,1 4,8 47,9

Hatay 1.609.856 0,9 99,1 28,2 7,1 43,6 10,9 54,5

Isparta 441.412 41,5 58,5 18,6 12,3 26,8 17,7 44,5

Mersin 1.814.468 1,1 98,9 23,6 8,8 35,0 13,1 48,1

İstanbul 15.067.724 0,1 99,9 22,1 6,7 31,1 9,4 40,4

İzmir 4.320.519 0,5 99,5 18,8 10,9 26,8 15,5 42,3

Kars 288.878 70,1 29,9 27,4 7,9 42,3 12,1 54,4

Kastamonu 383.373 61,6 38,4 16,3 17,1 24,5 25,8 50,3

Kayseri 1.389.680 5,4 94,6 24,6 8,5 36,8 12,6 49,4

Kırklareli 360.860 37,3 62,7 15,4 13,2 21,6 18,5 40,2

Kırşehir 241.868 33,8 66,2 20,0 11,3 29,1 16,5 45,6

Kocaeli 1.906.391 0,0 100,0 23,6 7,0 33,9 10,1 44,0

Source: TURKSTAT



Table 1.3. Some General Demographic Indicators by Provinces, 2018 - Continued


Rural Population

Ratio (%)

Urban Population

Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)

Youth Dependency

Ratio (Aged 0-14)

(%)

Elderly Dependency


(%)


Ratio (%)

Konya 2.205.609 5,9 94,1 24,3 9,1 36,4 13,7 50,1

Kütahya 577.941 36,6 63,4 18,0 12,6 25,9 18,2 44,1

Malatya 797.036 8,7 91,3 23,3 9,9 34,9 14,8 49,8

Manisa 1.429.643 3,2 96,8 20,5 10,9 29,9 15,9 45,8

Kahramanmaraş 1.144.851 2,1 97,9 28,6 7,8 44,9 12,2 57,1

Mardin 829.195 3,5 96,5 34,2 5,4 56,7 8,9 65,6

Muğla 967.487 1,1 98,9 18,3 12,1 26,2 17,4 43,6

Muş 407.992 67,0 33,0 35,1 4,8 58,3 8,0 66,3

Nevşehir 298.339 55,6 44,4 21,3 11,5 31,8 17,1 48,9

Niğde 364.707 47,7 52,3 23,8 9,7 35,7 14,6 50,3

Ordu 771.932 13,5 86,5 19,1 13,5 28,3 20,1 48,4

Rize 348.608 57,0 43,0 18,4 12,3 26,5 17,7 44,1

Sakarya 1.010.700 3,4 96,6 21,8 9,3 31,6 13,5 45,1

Samsun 1.335.716 3,2 96,8 20,5 11,2 30,0 16,3 46,3

Siirt 331.670 43,3 56,7 34,6 4,7 57,0 7,7 64,7

Sinop 219.733 63,3 36,7 16,8 18,3 25,8 28,2 54,0

Sivas 646.608 42,5 57,5 20,9 12,4 31,3 18,7 49,9

Tekirdağ 1.029.927 0,0 100,0 21,6 8,4 30,9 11,9 42,8

Tokat 612.646 43,1 56,9 19,8 13,1 29,5 19,5 49,0

Trabzon 807.903 11,7 88,3 19,7 11,9 28,7 17,4 46,1

Tunceli 88.198 62,0 38,0 14,1 13,7 19,6 19,0 38,6

Şanlıurfa 2.035.809 0,0 100,0 39,8 3,8 70,7 6,8 77,5

Uşak 367.514 39,3 60,7 19,1 11,7 27,5 16,9 44,4

Van 1.123.784 1,3 98,7 34,5 3,8 56,0 6,2 62,2

Yozgat 424.981 55,0 45,0 21,3 12,8 32,2 19,3 51,5

Zonguldak 599.698 43,6 56,4 18,0 11,9 25,7 17,0 42,6

Aksaray 412.172 45,9 54,1 25,2 8,9 38,3 13,6 51,9

Bayburt 82.274 50,7 49,3 20,7 11,3 30,5 16,6 47,1

Karaman 251.913 35,7 64,3 22,4 10,5 33,3 15,7 49,0

Kırıkkale 286.602 24,3 75,7 19,0 11,5 27,4 16,6 44,0

Batman 599.103 25,6 74,4 34,5 4,4 56,3 7,2 63,5

Şırnak 524.190 41,6 58,4 37,0 3,2 61,7 5,3 67,0

Bartın 198.999 64,0 36,0 16,8 13,8 24,2 19,8 44,0

Ardahan 98.907 77,6 22,4 21,4 12,6 32,4 19,0 51,4

Iğdır 197.456 53,2 46,8 30,0 6,4 47,1 10,1 57,2

Yalova 262.234 40,2 59,8 20,0 11,5 29,2 16,8 46,1

Karabük 248.014 31,6 68,4 16,5 12,8 23,4 18,1 41,5

Kilis 142.541 29,4 70,6 28,6 7,9 45,1 12,4 57,5

Osmaniye 534.415 29,5 70,5 26,8 8,0 41,2 12,3 53,4

Düzce 387.844 48,5 51,5 21,0 9,5 30,2 13,7 43,9

Turkey 82.003.882 12,1 87,9 23,4 8,8 34,5 12,9 47,4

Source: TURKSTAT



Rural Population

Ratio (%)

Urban Population

Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)

Youth Dependency

Ratio (Aged 0-14)

(%)

Elderly Dependency


(%)


Ratio (%)

Konya 2.205.609 5,9 94,1 24,3 9,1 36,4 13,7 50,1

Kütahya 577.941 36,6 63,4 18,0 12,6 25,9 18,2 44,1

Malatya 797.036 8,7 91,3 23,3 9,9 34,9 14,8 49,8

Manisa 1.429.643 3,2 96,8 20,5 10,9 29,9 15,9 45,8

Kahramanmaraş 1.144.851 2,1 97,9 28,6 7,8 44,9 12,2 57,1

Mardin 829.195 3,5 96,5 34,2 5,4 56,7 8,9 65,6

Muğla 967.487 1,1 98,9 18,3 12,1 26,2 17,4 43,6

Muş 407.992 67,0 33,0 35,1 4,8 58,3 8,0 66,3

Nevşehir 298.339 55,6 44,4 21,3 11,5 31,8 17,1 48,9

Niğde 364.707 47,7 52,3 23,8 9,7 35,7 14,6 50,3

Ordu 771.932 13,5 86,5 19,1 13,5 28,3 20,1 48,4

Rize 348.608 57,0 43,0 18,4 12,3 26,5 17,7 44,1

Sakarya 1.010.700 3,4 96,6 21,8 9,3 31,6 13,5 45,1

Samsun 1.335.716 3,2 96,8 20,5 11,2 30,0 16,3 46,3

Siirt 331.670 43,3 56,7 34,6 4,7 57,0 7,7 64,7

Sinop 219.733 63,3 36,7 16,8 18,3 25,8 28,2 54,0

Sivas 646.608 42,5 57,5 20,9 12,4 31,3 18,7 49,9

Tekirdağ 1.029.927 0,0 100,0 21,6 8,4 30,9 11,9 42,8

Tokat 612.646 43,1 56,9 19,8 13,1 29,5 19,5 49,0

Trabzon 807.903 11,7 88,3 19,7 11,9 28,7 17,4 46,1

Tunceli 88.198 62,0 38,0 14,1 13,7 19,6 19,0 38,6

Şanlıurfa 2.035.809 0,0 100,0 39,8 3,8 70,7 6,8 77,5

Uşak 367.514 39,3 60,7 19,1 11,7 27,5 16,9 44,4

Van 1.123.784 1,3 98,7 34,5 3,8 56,0 6,2 62,2

Yozgat 424.981 55,0 45,0 21,3 12,8 32,2 19,3 51,5

Zonguldak 599.698 43,6 56,4 18,0 11,9 25,7 17,0 42,6

Aksaray 412.172 45,9 54,1 25,2 8,9 38,3 13,6 51,9

Bayburt 82.274 50,7 49,3 20,7 11,3 30,5 16,6 47,1

Karaman 251.913 35,7 64,3 22,4 10,5 33,3 15,7 49,0

Kırıkkale 286.602 24,3 75,7 19,0 11,5 27,4 16,6 44,0

Batman 599.103 25,6 74,4 34,5 4,4 56,3 7,2 63,5

Şırnak 524.190 41,6 58,4 37,0 3,2 61,7 5,3 67,0

Bartın 198.999 64,0 36,0 16,8 13,8 24,2 19,8 44,0

Ardahan 98.907 77,6 22,4 21,4 12,6 32,4 19,0 51,4

Iğdır 197.456 53,2 46,8 30,0 6,4 47,1 10,1 57,2

Yalova 262.234 40,2 59,8 20,0 11,5 29,2 16,8 46,1

Karabük 248.014 31,6 68,4 16,5 12,8 23,4 18,1 41,5

Kilis 142.541 29,4 70,6 28,6 7,9 45,1 12,4 57,5

Osmaniye 534.415 29,5 70,5 26,8 8,0 41,2 12,3 53,4

Düzce 387.844 48,5 51,5 21,0 9,5 30,2 13,7 43,9

Turkey 82.003.882 12,1 87,9 23,4 8,8 34,5 12,9 47,4

Source: TURKSTAT



Rural Population

Ratio (%)

Urban Population

Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)


Ratio (%)

Youth Dependency

Ratio (Aged 0-14)

(%)

Elderly Dependency


(%)


Ratio (%)

Konya 2.205.609 5,9 94,1 24,3 9,1 36,4 13,7 50,1

Kütahya 577.941 36,6 63,4 18,0 12,6 25,9 18,2 44,1

Malatya 797.036 8,7 91,3 23,3 9,9 34,9 14,8 49,8

Manisa 1.429.643 3,2 96,8 20,5 10,9 29,9 15,9 45,8

Kahramanmaraş 1.144.851 2,1 97,9 28,6 7,8 44,9 12,2 57,1

Mardin 829.195 3,5 96,5 34,2 5,4 56,7 8,9 65,6

Muğla 967.487 1,1 98,9 18,3 12,1 26,2 17,4 43,6

Muş 407.992 67,0 33,0 35,1 4,8 58,3 8,0 66,3

Nevşehir 298.339 55,6 44,4 21,3 11,5 31,8 17,1 48,9

Niğde 364.707 47,7 52,3 23,8 9,7 35,7 14,6 50,3

Ordu 771.932 13,5 86,5 19,1 13,5 28,3 20,1 48,4

Rize 348.608 57,0 43,0 18,4 12,3 26,5 17,7 44,1

Sakarya 1.010.700 3,4 96,6 21,8 9,3 31,6 13,5 45,1

Samsun 1.335.716 3,2 96,8 20,5 11,2 30,0 16,3 46,3

Siirt 331.670 43,3 56,7 34,6 4,7 57,0 7,7 64,7

Sinop 219.733 63,3 36,7 16,8 18,3 25,8 28,2 54,0

Sivas 646.608 42,5 57,5 20,9 12,4 31,3 18,7 49,9

Tekirdağ 1.029.927 0,0 100,0 21,6 8,4 30,9 11,9 42,8

Tokat 612.646 43,1 56,9 19,8 13,1 29,5 19,5 49,0

Trabzon 807.903 11,7 88,3 19,7 11,9 28,7 17,4 46,1

Tunceli 88.198 62,0 38,0 14,1 13,7 19,6 19,0 38,6

Şanlıurfa 2.035.809 0,0 100,0 39,8 3,8 70,7 6,8 77,5

Uşak 367.514 39,3 60,7 19,1 11,7 27,5 16,9 44,4

Van 1.123.784 1,3 98,7 34,5 3,8 56,0 6,2 62,2

Yozgat 424.981 55,0 45,0 21,3 12,8 32,2 19,3 51,5

Zonguldak 599.698 43,6 56,4 18,0 11,9 25,7 17,0 42,6

Aksaray 412.172 45,9 54,1 25,2 8,9 38,3 13,6 51,9

Bayburt 82.274 50,7 49,3 20,7 11,3 30,5 16,6 47,1

Karaman 251.913 35,7 64,3 22,4 10,5 33,3 15,7 49,0

Kırıkkale 286.602 24,3 75,7 19,0 11,5 27,4 16,6 44,0

Batman 599.103 25,6 74,4 34,5 4,4 56,3 7,2 63,5

Şırnak 524.190 41,6 58,4 37,0 3,2 61,7 5,3 67,0

Bartın 198.999 64,0 36,0 16,8 13,8 24,2 19,8 44,0

Ardahan 98.907 77,6 22,4 21,4 12,6 32,4 19,0 51,4

Iğdır 197.456 53,2 46,8 30,0 6,4 47,1 10,1 57,2

Yalova 262.234 40,2 59,8 20,0 11,5 29,2 16,8 46,1

Karabük 248.014 31,6 68,4 16,5 12,8 23,4 18,1 41,5

Kilis 142.541 29,4 70,6 28,6 7,9 45,1 12,4 57,5

Osmaniye 534.415 29,5 70,5 26,8 8,0 41,2 12,3 53,4

Düzce 387.844 48,5 51,5 21,0 9,5 30,2 13,7 43,9

Turkey 82.003.882 12,1 87,9 23,4 8,8 34,5 12,9 47,4

Source: TURKSTAT



Gene

ral

Dem

ogra

phic

Indic

ator

s

Explanations for Chapter 1

Population data for 1990 and 2000 were taken from the “General Census” results, and the 2015-2018 population data from the Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS).

It has seen increase in urban population ratio due to establishing metropolitan municipalities in 14 provinces and merging of small towns and villages to districts as neighborhood in 30 provinces having metropolitan municipalities’ status in 2013.

4-point Likert was used while creating the maps within the chapter and the number of provinces was tried to distribute evenly while determining the Likert borders. The value of the provinces was rounded up to the closest whole number. These whole numbers were taken into account while making the Likert scales.

Totals in distribution tables and figures in the Chapter may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

Values in the tables and figures in the Chapter may not give the sum due to rounding.

The definitions of the indicators in Chapter 1 are as follows:

Rural Population Ratio (%) : It is the ratio of the population living in settlements with a population of 20.000 and below to the total population.

Urban Population Ratio (%) : It is the ratio of the population living in settlements with a population of 20.001 and above to the total population.

0-14 Aged Population Ratio (%)

: It is the ratio of the 0-14 aged population to the total population.

65 and Over Aged Population Ratio (%)

: It is the ratio of the 65 and over aged population to the total population.

Youth Dependency Ratio (Aged 0-14) (%)

: It is the ratio of younger dependents (aged 0-14) to the working-age population (from 15 to 64).

Elderly Dependency Ratio (Aged 65 and Over) (%)

: It is the ratio of old age dependents (aged 65 and over) to the working-age population (from 15 to 64).

Total Age Dependency Ratio (%)

: It is the ratio of total dependents (aged 0-14 and aged 65 and over) to the working-age population (from 15 to 64).

Annual Population Growth Rate (‰)

: It is the increase in the number of individuals in 1.000 population in a given year compared to the previous year.

Crude Birth Rate (‰) : It indicates the number of live births per 1.000 population in a given year. (Number of live births/Mid-year population)x1.000

Crude Death Rate (‰) : It indicates the number of deaths per 1.000 population in a given year. (Number of deaths/Mid-year population)x1.000

Total Fertility Rate

: It represents the average number of live births that would be born to a female during her reproductive life (from 15 to 49).

Mor

talit

y

Chapter 2 Mortality

21


Mor

talit

y

Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health

Figure 2.1. Life Expectancy at Birth by Years and Sex, (Age) Source: TURKSTAT Population Projections for 2002-2012, TURKSTAT Life Tables for 2013-2018 Figure 2.2. International Comparison of Life Expectancy at Birth, 2018

Source: TURKSTAT Life Tables 2016-2018 Press Release (No. 30712 of 24 September 2019), UNPD Note: The values of the groups in the figure were calculated by the Department of Health Statistics based on the expected life expectancy at the birth of the countries.

80,9 80,0 79,9 78,3 78,0 74,0 72,7

0

40

80

OECD EU High IncomeGroup

Countries

Turkey WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

Global

Age



80,9 80,0 79,9 78,3 78,0 74,0 72,7

0

40

80


Countries

Turkey WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

Global

Age

70,5

72,2

74,2

75,6

72,5

74,4

76,4

78,3

74,7

76,6

78,7

81,0

68

70

72

74

76

78

80

82

2002 2005 2010 2012 2013 2018

Age

Male Total Female



80,9 80,0 79,9 78,3 78,0 74,0 72,7

0

40

80


Countries

Turkey WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

Global

Age

22



Figure 2.3. Infant Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.4. International Comparison of Infant Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, UN IGME 2019

4,3

5,2

5,3

5,5

5,2

5,6

5,6

6,6

6,2

6,8

8,9

8,9

10,9

6,8

7,4

7,4

7,6

7,8

8,2

8,2

8,9

8,9

9,2

10,6

11,1

13,5

0 3 6 9 12 15

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Istanbul

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Aegean

Mediterranean

Central Anatolia

Turkey


Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1

No threshold 28 week threshold or 1.000 gr and more

28,9

10,79,2

7,55,5

4,2 3,3

0

10

20

30

Global Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries

Turkey WHO EuropeanRegion


Countries

EU

Rate

Figure 2.3. Infant Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.4. International Comparison of Infant Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018


4,3

5,2

5,3

5,5

5,2

5,6

5,6

6,6

6,2

6,8

8,9

8,9

10,9

6,8

7,4

7,4

7,6

7,8

8,2

8,2

8,9

8,9

9,2

10,6

11,1

13,5

0 3 6 9 12 15

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Istanbul

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Aegean

Mediterranean

Central Anatolia

Turkey


Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1


28,9

10,79,2

7,55,5

4,2 3,3

0

10

20

30


Countries



Countries

EU

Rate

23


Mor

talit

y


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

7,3

7,3 -

8,4

8,5 -

10,5

> 10

,5

=

Map

2.1

. Inf

ant M

orta

lity

Rat

e by

Pro

vinc

es, (

per 1

.000

Liv

e B

irths

), N

o Th

resh

old,

201

8

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Pub

lic H

ealth

24



Figure 2.5. Perinatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.6. Neonatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health

5,8

6,2

5,6

6,6

6,2

6,3

6,5

6,5

7,1

6,8

8,3

8,7

9,7

9,5

9,8

9,9

10,3

10,3

10,4

10,6

10,8

11,0

11,4

11,6

11,9

13,4

0 3 6 9 12 15

Western Marmara

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

Mediterranean

Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Istanbul

Turkey

Central Anatolia


Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1


2,6

3,0

3,1

2,7

3,2

4,1

3,3

3,7

3,4

3,9

3,6

4,8

6,2

4,6

4,9

5,0

5,0

5,1

5,5

5,5

5,6

5,7

6,0

6,1

6,8

8,6

0 3 6 9

Western Marmara

Istanbul

Eastern Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara


Western Blacksea

Mediterranean

Aegean

Turkey

Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1


Figure 2.5. Perinatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.6. Neonatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018


5,8

6,2

5,6

6,6

6,2

6,3

6,5

6,5

7,1

6,8

8,3

8,7

9,7

9,5

9,8

9,9

10,3

10,3

10,4

10,6

10,8

11,0

11,4

11,6

11,9

13,4

0 3 6 9 12 15

Western Marmara

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

Mediterranean

Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Istanbul

Turkey

Central Anatolia


Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1


2,6

3,0

3,1

2,7

3,2

4,1

3,3

3,7

3,4

3,9

3,6

4,8

6,2

4,6

4,9

5,0

5,0

5,1

5,5

5,5

5,6

5,7

6,0

6,1

6,8

8,6

0 3 6 9

Western Marmara

Istanbul

Eastern Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara


Western Blacksea

Mediterranean

Aegean

Turkey

Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1


25


Mor

talit

y


Figure 2.7. International Comparison of Neonatal Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, UN IGME 2019 Figure 2.8. Postneonatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018


17,7

6,5 6,04,6 3,6

2,8 2,3

0

5

10

15

20


Countries

Turkey WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

EU

Rate

1,7

2,1

2,2

2,2

2,3

2,4

2,5

2,6

3,0

3,0

4,1

4,7

4,9

2,2

2,4

2,5

2,5

2,5

2,7

2,8

2,9

3,3

3,3

4,4

4,9

5,1

0 3 6

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Istanbul

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Turkey

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia



Rate

NUTS-1


Figure 2.7. International Comparison of Neonatal Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, UN IGME 2019 Figure 2.8. Postneonatal Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018


17,7

6,5 6,04,6 3,6

2,8 2,3

0

5

10

15

20


Countries

Turkey WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

EU

Rate

1,7

2,1

2,2

2,2

2,3

2,4

2,5

2,6

3,0

3,0

4,1

4,7

4,9

2,2

2,4

2,5

2,5

2,5

2,7

2,8

2,9

3,3

3,3

4,4

4,9

5,1

0 3 6

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Istanbul

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Turkey

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia



Rate

NUTS-1


26



Figure 2.9. Under-5 Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.10. International Comparison of Under-5 Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018


6,0

6,7

6,9

7,0

7,2

7,3

7,4

7,9

8,6

8,9

12,0

11,8

13,9

8,5

8,9

9,1

9,1

9,8

9,9

9,9

10,7

10,8

11,3

13,7

14,1

16,6

0 5 10 15 20

Western Marmara

Istanbul

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Aegean

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean

Turkey


Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1


38,6

12,511,3

8,66,4

5,0 3,9

0

20

40


Countries

Turkey WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

EU

Rate

Figure 2.9. Under-5 Mortality Rate by NUTS-1, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.10. International Comparison of Under-5 Mortality Rate, (per 1.000 Live Births), 2018


6,0

6,7

6,9

7,0

7,2

7,3

7,4

7,9

8,6

8,9

12,0

11,8

13,9

8,5

8,9

9,1

9,1

9,8

9,9

9,9

10,7

10,8

11,3

13,7

14,1

16,6

0 5 10 15 20

Western Marmara

Istanbul

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Aegean

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean

Turkey


Mideastern Anatolia


Rate

NUTS-1


38,6

12,511,3

8,66,4

5,0 3,9

0

20

40


Countries

Turkey WHOEuropean

Region


Countries

EU

Rate

27


Mor

talit

y


Figure 2.11. Maternal Mortality Ratio by NUTS-1, (per 100.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.12. International Comparison of Maternal Mortality Ratio, (per 100.000 Live Births), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, UNICEF Trends in Maternal Mortality: 2000 to 2017 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018.

9,7

9,7

9,9

11,7

12,2

12,6

13,6

14,3

14,4

15,0

15,5

17,9

24,0

0 5 10 15 20 25

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Western Marmara


Istanbul

Mediterranean

Turkey

Central Anatolia

Western Anatolia

Aegean

Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Marmara


Ratio

NUTS-1

211,0

43,0

14,0 13,6 13,0 11,0 6,00

50

100

150

200


Countries

OECD Turkey WHOEuropean

Region

High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU

Ratio

Figure 2.11. Maternal Mortality Ratio by NUTS-1, (per 100.000 Live Births), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 2.12. International Comparison of Maternal Mortality Ratio, (per 100.000 Live Births), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, UNICEF Trends in Maternal Mortality: 2000 to 2017 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018.

9,7

9,7

9,9

11,7

12,2

12,6

13,6

14,3

14,4

15,0

15,5

17,9

24,0

0 5 10 15 20 25

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Western Marmara


Istanbul

Mediterranean

Turkey

Central Anatolia

Western Anatolia

Aegean

Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Marmara


Ratio

NUTS-1

211,0

43,0

14,0 13,6 13,0 11,0 6,00

50

100

150

200


Countries


Region

High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU

Ratio

28



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

= 0

0,1 -

14,0

14,1

-23,0

> 23

,0

=

Map

2.2

. Mat

erna

l Mor

talit

y R

atio

by

Prov

ince

s, (p

er 1

00.0

00 L

ive

Birt

hs),

2018

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Pub

lic H

ealth

29


Mor

talit

y


Table 2.1. Distribution of Causes of Death by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Codes and Sex, (%), 2016, 2017, 2018

ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Group Code

2016 2017 2018

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases

A00-B99 1,96 2,16 2,05 2,25 2,62 2,42 2,48 2,90 2,67

Neoplasms C00-D48 23,11 15,03 19,43 22,89 15,04 19,32 23,35 15,47 19,75

Diseases of the Blood and Bloodforming Organs and Certain Disorders Involving the Immune Mechanism

D50-D89 0,26 0,32 0,29 0,26 0,33 0,29 0,24 0,33 0,28

Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

E00-E90 3,84 6,25 4,93 3,78 5,96 4,77 3,75 5,98 4,77

Mental and Behavioural Disorders

F00-F99 0,11 0,15 0,13 0,11 0,15 0,13 0,11 0,14 0,12

Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs

G00-H95 3,92 5,88 4,81 3,92 6,00 4,87 3,98 6,06 4,93

Diseases of the Circulatory System

I00-I99 36,05 43,70 39,52 36,09 43,52 39,46 35,33 42,18 38,45

Diseases of the Respiratory System

J00-J99 12,44 10,89 11,73 12,43 11,16 11,85 13,13 11,72 12,48

Diseases of the Digestive System

K00-K93 2,34 2,57 2,44 2,29 2,54 2,40 2,28 2,55 2,40

Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue

L00-L99 0,03 0,08 0,05 0,04 0,08 0,06 0,06 0,10 0,08

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue

M00-M99 0,19 0,39 0,28 0,18 0,38 0,27 0,20 0,39 0,29

Diseases of the Genitourinary System

N00-N99 3,31 4,00 3,63 3,37 4,02 3,67 3,44 4,20 3,79

Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium

O00-O99 - 0,13 0,06 - 0,13 0,06 - 0,13 0,06

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period

P00-P96 2,01 1,88 1,96 1,98 1,81 1,91 1,98 1,76 1,90

Congenital Malformations, Deformations and Chromosomal Abnormalities

Q00-Q99 1,28 1,37 1,33 1,20 1,29 1,25 1,20 1,26 1,23

Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified

R00-R99 2,24 2,25 2,25 2,28 2,12 2,21 2,59 2,20 2,41

External causes of morbidity and mortality

V01-Y89 6,91 2,95 5,11 6,92 2,87 5,08 5,86 2,62 4,38

Source: TURKSTAT Causes of Death Statistics 2016, 2017, 2018 Note: The distribution of causes of death was calculated over the total number of relevant column.



2016 2017 2018



A00-B99 1,96 2,16 2,05 2,25 2,62 2,42 2,48 2,90 2,67

Neoplasms C00-D48 23,11 15,03 19,43 22,89 15,04 19,32 23,35 15,47 19,75


D50-D89 0,26 0,32 0,29 0,26 0,33 0,29 0,24 0,33 0,28


E00-E90 3,84 6,25 4,93 3,78 5,96 4,77 3,75 5,98 4,77


F00-F99 0,11 0,15 0,13 0,11 0,15 0,13 0,11 0,14 0,12


G00-H95 3,92 5,88 4,81 3,92 6,00 4,87 3,98 6,06 4,93


I00-I99 36,05 43,70 39,52 36,09 43,52 39,46 35,33 42,18 38,45


J00-J99 12,44 10,89 11,73 12,43 11,16 11,85 13,13 11,72 12,48


K00-K93 2,34 2,57 2,44 2,29 2,54 2,40 2,28 2,55 2,40


L00-L99 0,03 0,08 0,05 0,04 0,08 0,06 0,06 0,10 0,08


M00-M99 0,19 0,39 0,28 0,18 0,38 0,27 0,20 0,39 0,29


N00-N99 3,31 4,00 3,63 3,37 4,02 3,67 3,44 4,20 3,79


O00-O99 - 0,13 0,06 - 0,13 0,06 - 0,13 0,06


P00-P96 2,01 1,88 1,96 1,98 1,81 1,91 1,98 1,76 1,90


Q00-Q99 1,28 1,37 1,33 1,20 1,29 1,25 1,20 1,26 1,23


R00-R99 2,24 2,25 2,25 2,28 2,12 2,21 2,59 2,20 2,41


V01-Y89 6,91 2,95 5,11 6,92 2,87 5,08 5,86 2,62 4,38




2016 2017 2018



A00-B99 1,96 2,16 2,05 2,25 2,62 2,42 2,48 2,90 2,67

Neoplasms C00-D48 23,11 15,03 19,43 22,89 15,04 19,32 23,35 15,47 19,75


D50-D89 0,26 0,32 0,29 0,26 0,33 0,29 0,24 0,33 0,28


E00-E90 3,84 6,25 4,93 3,78 5,96 4,77 3,75 5,98 4,77


F00-F99 0,11 0,15 0,13 0,11 0,15 0,13 0,11 0,14 0,12


G00-H95 3,92 5,88 4,81 3,92 6,00 4,87 3,98 6,06 4,93


I00-I99 36,05 43,70 39,52 36,09 43,52 39,46 35,33 42,18 38,45


J00-J99 12,44 10,89 11,73 12,43 11,16 11,85 13,13 11,72 12,48


K00-K93 2,34 2,57 2,44 2,29 2,54 2,40 2,28 2,55 2,40


L00-L99 0,03 0,08 0,05 0,04 0,08 0,06 0,06 0,10 0,08


M00-M99 0,19 0,39 0,28 0,18 0,38 0,27 0,20 0,39 0,29


N00-N99 3,31 4,00 3,63 3,37 4,02 3,67 3,44 4,20 3,79


O00-O99 - 0,13 0,06 - 0,13 0,06 - 0,13 0,06


P00-P96 2,01 1,88 1,96 1,98 1,81 1,91 1,98 1,76 1,90


Q00-Q99 1,28 1,37 1,33 1,20 1,29 1,25 1,20 1,26 1,23


R00-R99 2,24 2,25 2,25 2,28 2,12 2,21 2,59 2,20 2,41


V01-Y89 6,91 2,95 5,11 6,92 2,87 5,08 5,86 2,62 4,38


30



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 1,7

01,7

0 -2,2

9

2,30 -

2,89

> 2,8

9

=

Map

2.3

. Dis

ease

s of t

he C

ircul

ator

y Sy

stem

(IC

D 1

0: I0

0-I9

9) C

rude

Dea

th R

ate

by U

sual

Res

iden

ce a

nd P

rovi

nces

, (‰

), 20

18

Sour

ce: T

UR

KST

AT, C

ause

s of D

eath

Sta

tistic

s 201

8

31


Mor

talit

y


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

0,86

0,86 -

1,15

1,16

-1,2

8>

1,28

=

Map

2.4

. Neo

plas

m (I

CD

10:

C00

-D48

) Cru

de D

eath

Rat

e by

Usu

al R

esid

ence

and

Pro

vinc

es, (

‰),

2018

Sour

ce: T

UR

KST

AT, C

ause

s of D

eath

Sta

tistic

s 201

8

32



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 0,5

10,5

1 -0,7

5

0,76 -

0,95

> 0,9

5

=

Map

2.5

. Dis

ease

s of t

he R

espi

rato

ry S

yste

m (I

CD

10:

J00-

J99)

Cru

de D

eath

Rat

e by

Usu

al R

esid

ence

and

Pro

vinc

es, (

‰),

2018

Sour

ce: T

UR

KST

AT, C

ause

s of D

eath

Sta

tistic

s 201

8

33


Mor

talit

y


Figure 2.13. Distribution of Causes of Death by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Codes, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, Causes of Death Statistics 2018 Table 2.2. Age-Standardized Premature Mortality Rate of Selected Causes by ICD-10 Diagnosis Codes and Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population), 2016, 2017, 2018

Selected Causes Code 2016 2017 2018


Malignant Neoplasms C00-C97 157,18 76,14 115,45 152,00 75,12 112,53 147,64 74,64 110,29

Diabetes Mellitus E10-E14 16,03 13,90 14,95 15,50 12,35 13,90 14,72 11,62 13,15

Diseases of the Circulatory System I00-I99 166,52 80,73 122,76 165,98 77,14 120,79 154,32 73,59 113,35

Ischemic Heart Disease I20-I25 91,00 31,34 60,59 89,02 29,91 58,98 81,60 27,55 54,18

Acute Myocardial Infarction I21-I22 63,62 22,30 42,57 60,70 21,03 40,54 58,39 19,74 38,79

Cerebrovascular Diseases I60-I69 29,84 20,65 25,13 29,18 19,24 24,10 26,00 18,16 22,02

Chronic Respiratory Diseases J40-J47 26,32 9,04 17,39 23,60 8,20 15,66 22,80 7,59 14,99

COPD J40-J44 25,32 7,77 16,25 22,57 7,02 14,56 22,06 6,57 14,11

Asthma J45-J46 0,86 1,15 1,01 0,89 1,07 0,98 0,66 0,89 0,78

Diseases of the Digestive System K00-K93 13,15 7,06 10,05 12,44 6,52 9,44 11,92 6,23 9,04

Source: TURKSTAT Causes of Death Statistics, 2016, 2017, 2018 Note: Mortality rates have been age-standardized by using the World Standard Population.

Diseases of the Circulatory System, 38,45%

Neoplasms, 19,75%

Diseases of the Respiratory System, 12,48%

Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs, 4,93%

Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, 4,77%

External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality, 4,38%

Diseases of the Genitourinary System, 3,79%

Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, 2,67%

Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified, 2,41%

Diseases of the Digestive System, 2,40%

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period, 1,90%

Congenital Malformations, Deformations and Chromosomal Abnormalities, 1,23%

Other Causes, 0,83%

Figure 2.13. Distribution of Causes of Death by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Codes, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, Causes of Death Statistics 2018 Table 2.2. Age-Standardized Premature Mortality Rate of Selected Causes by ICD-10 Diagnosis Codes and Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population), 2016, 2017, 2018

Selected Causes Code 2016 2017 2018


Malignant Neoplasms C00-C97 157,18 76,14 115,45 152,00 75,12 112,53 147,64 74,64 110,29

Diabetes Mellitus E10-E14 16,03 13,90 14,95 15,50 12,35 13,90 14,72 11,62 13,15

Diseases of the Circulatory System I00-I99 166,52 80,73 122,76 165,98 77,14 120,79 154,32 73,59 113,35

Ischemic Heart Disease I20-I25 91,00 31,34 60,59 89,02 29,91 58,98 81,60 27,55 54,18

Acute Myocardial Infarction I21-I22 63,62 22,30 42,57 60,70 21,03 40,54 58,39 19,74 38,79

Cerebrovascular Diseases I60-I69 29,84 20,65 25,13 29,18 19,24 24,10 26,00 18,16 22,02

Chronic Respiratory Diseases J40-J47 26,32 9,04 17,39 23,60 8,20 15,66 22,80 7,59 14,99

COPD J40-J44 25,32 7,77 16,25 22,57 7,02 14,56 22,06 6,57 14,11

Asthma J45-J46 0,86 1,15 1,01 0,89 1,07 0,98 0,66 0,89 0,78

Diseases of the Digestive System K00-K93 13,15 7,06 10,05 12,44 6,52 9,44 11,92 6,23 9,04

Source: TURKSTAT Causes of Death Statistics, 2016, 2017, 2018 Note: Mortality rates have been age-standardized by using the World Standard Population.

Diseases of the Circulatory System, 38,45%

Neoplasms, 19,75%

Diseases of the Respiratory System, 12,48%

Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs, 4,93%

Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, 4,77%

External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality, 4,38%

Diseases of the Genitourinary System, 3,79%

Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, 2,67%

Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified, 2,41%

Diseases of the Digestive System, 2,40%

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period, 1,90%

Congenital Malformations, Deformations and Chromosomal Abnormalities, 1,23%

Other Causes, 0,83%

34



Figure 2.14. Age-Standardized Premature Mortality Rate of Four Main Non-Communicable Disease Groups by Years and Sex, (per 100.000, European Standard Population)

Source: TURKSTAT, Causes of Death Statistics Note: Mortality rates have been age-standardized by using the European Standard Population. Four Main Non-communicable Disease Group: Malignant Neoplasms (C00-097), Diabetes Mellitus (E10-E-14), Diseases of the Circulatory System (I00-I99), Chronic Respiratory Diseases (J40-J47).

Figure 2.15. International Comparison of Age-Standardized Premature Mortality Rate of Four Main Non-Communicable Disease Groups, (per 100.000, European Standard Population), 2015

Source: TURKSTAT Causes of Death Statistics 2018, European Health Information Gateway/WHO-Europe Note: Mortality rates have been age-standardized by using the European Standard Population. Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Four Main Non-communicable Disease Group: Malignant Neoplasms (C00-097), Diabetes Mellitus (E10-E-14), Diseases of the Circulatory System (I00-I99), Chronic Respiratory Diseases (J40-J47).

436,7419,9 414,6 420,4

409,9389,9

319,0 310,2 304,7 309,5 300,6288,1

207,9 206,4 200,5 204,3 196,2 190,3

180

230

280

330

380

430

480

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Death

Male Total Female

525

390360380

288 273256

190 194

0

200

400

600

WHO European Region Turkey EU

Number of Death

Male Total Female





436,7419,9 414,6 420,4

409,9389,9

319,0 310,2 304,7 309,5 300,6288,1

207,9 206,4 200,5 204,3 196,2 190,3

180

230

280

330

380

430

480

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Death

Male Total Female

525

390360380

288 273256

190 194

0

200

400

600


Number of Death

Male Total Female





436,7419,9 414,6 420,4

409,9389,9

319,0 310,2 304,7 309,5 300,6288,1

207,9 206,4 200,5 204,3 196,2 190,3

180

230

280

330

380

430

480

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Death

Male Total Female

525

390360380

288 273256

190 194

0

200

400

600


Number of Death

Male Total Female





436,7419,9 414,6 420,4

409,9389,9

319,0 310,2 304,7 309,5 300,6288,1

207,9 206,4 200,5 204,3 196,2 190,3

180

230

280

330

380

430

480

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Death

Male Total Female

525

390360380

288 273256

190 194

0

200

400

600


Number of Death

Male Total Female





436,7419,9 414,6 420,4

409,9389,9

319,0 310,2 304,7 309,5 300,6288,1

207,9 206,4 200,5 204,3 196,2 190,3

180

230

280

330

380

430

480

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Death

Male Total Female

525

390360380

288 273256

190 194

0

200

400

600


Number of Death

Male Total Female





436,7419,9 414,6 420,4

409,9389,9

319,0 310,2 304,7 309,5 300,6288,1

207,9 206,4 200,5 204,3 196,2 190,3

180

230

280

330

380

430

480

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Death

Male Total Female

525

390360380

288 273256

190 194

0

200

400

600


Number of Death

Male Total Female

35


Mor

talit

y



Infant, Perinatal, Neonatal, Postneonatal and Under-five child mortality rates are published in the form of "deaths of live births (show any evidence of life) with minimum threshold of 28 weeks or 1.000 gr and more” and "deaths of live births (show any evidence of life) regardless of gestational age and birth weight (No Threshold)”.

Infant Mortality Rate: It is calculated as, in a society, number of infants who die before completing one year in live births, multiplying by 1.000 to the ratio of the number of live born infants in the same year in the same society.

Perinatal Mortality Rate: It is acquired by adding the number of the babies who are born alive and die in 7 days (Early Neonatal) in a year in a society to the number of the dead births in the same year and it is divided by the number of total births (live+dead) in the same year and multiplied by 1.000.

Neonatal Mortality Rate: It is calculated as, in a society, in a year, the number of newborn deaths occurring in 28 days to the number of live born infants multiplying by 1.000 in the same society in the same year.

Postneonatal Mortality Rate: It is calculated as, in a society, in a year, the number of newborn deaths occurring in 29 days and 364 days to the number of live born infants multiplying by 1.000 in the same society in the same year

Under-Five Mortality Rate: It is calculated as, in a society, in a year, number of children who died without completing five years, to the ratio of the number of live births multiplying by 1.000 in the same society in the same year.

Maternal Mortality Ratio: The number of mothers who die due to pregnancy in a year in a society, multiplying by 100.000 to the ratio of the number of live-born babies in the same society in the same year.

Premature Mortality Rate: It gives age standardized mortality rates per 100.000 populations for cause of death in 30-70 aged intervals. To calculate aged standardized mortality rates, World Standard Population of WHO and European Standard Population of Eurostat were used. These standardized rates weight population and deaths in the age groups to obtain similar age structure. Thus, the differences due to population age structure are eliminated and the comparison between the countries is healthier. The detail information for World and European standard populations exist in following links:

http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=16106&Itemid=270&lang=en

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3859598/5926869/KS -RA-13-028-EN.PDF/

4-point Likert was used while creating the maps within the chapter and the number of provinces was tried to distribute evenly while determining the Likert borders.

The value of the provinces was rounded up to 1 decimal place while making Map 2.1 and Map 2.2. The value of the provinces was rounded up to 2 decimal place while making Map 2.3, Map 2.4 and Map 2.5 in the Chapter. These numbers were taken into account while making the Likert scales.


TURKSTAT Causes of Death Statistics

Definition : These statistics are based on underlying causes of death.

Classification : International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) is used for the evaluation of cause of death statistics.

Scope of Data : Data includes cover all death cases detected by physicians from all localities including provinces and sub-district centers.

Sources of Data : Hospitals, family health centers, institutions of municipal medicine, institutions of forensic medicine and other health institutions.

36



Data Compilation System :

Death certificate is filled out by the physicians in the hospitals, family health centers, institutions of municipal medicine, institutions of forensic medicine and other health institutions via Death Notification System (DNS).

Data Processing :

Coding the diseases at the sections for the determination of causes of death are done according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and underlying causes of death are determined in TURKSTAT Regional Offices.

Mor

bidity

Chapter 3 Morbidity

39


Mor

bidity


Table 3.1. Number of Cases of the Infectious Diseases by Years

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

AIDS

Local Case 37 102 94 94 106 88*

Imported Case 6 29 28 11 19 20

Total Case 43 131 122 105 125 108

Measles

Local Case 7.810

451 235 0 48 412

Imported Case 114 107 9 36 304

Total Case 7.810 565 342 9 84 716

Tuberculosis

Local Case 18.043

12.331 11.703 11.305 10.748 10.334

Imported Case 777 847 881 1.073 1.242

Total Case 18.043 13.108 12.550 12.186 11.821 11.576

Malaria

Local Case 10.184 0 0 0 0 0

Imported Case 40 249 221 209 214 238

Total Case 10.224 249 221 209 214 238

Source: General Directorate of Public Health *One case reported as “unknown nationality” was included in the local cases. Note: The number of Tuberculosis cases indicates the sum of new and relapse cases. Table 3.2. Infectious Diseases Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population)

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

AIDS 0,07 0,17 0,15 0,13 0,15 0,13

Measles 11,8 0,7 0,4 0,01 0,09 0,87

Tuberculosis 32,0 16,9 15,9 15,3 14,6 14,1

Malaria 15,4 0,3 0,3 0,26 0,26 0,29

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Note: Tuberculosis incidence data for the year 2002 is taken from WHO, TB (Tuberculosis) Database, data for other years is taken from General Directorate of Public Health, TB Database.

Table 3.1. Number of Cases of the Infectious Diseases by Years

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

AIDS

Local Case 37 102 94 94 106 88*

Imported Case 6 29 28 11 19 20

Total Case 43 131 122 105 125 108

Measles

Local Case 7.810

451 235 0 48 412

Imported Case 114 107 9 36 304

Total Case 7.810 565 342 9 84 716

Tuberculosis

Local Case 18.043

12.331 11.703 11.305 10.748 10.334

Imported Case 777 847 881 1.073 1.242

Total Case 18.043 13.108 12.550 12.186 11.821 11.576

Malaria

Local Case 10.184 0 0 0 0 0

Imported Case 40 249 221 209 214 238

Total Case 10.224 249 221 209 214 238

Source: General Directorate of Public Health *One case reported as “unknown nationality” was included in the local cases. Note: The number of Tuberculosis cases indicates the sum of new and relapse cases. Table 3.2. Infectious Diseases Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population)

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

AIDS 0,07 0,17 0,15 0,13 0,15 0,13

Measles 11,8 0,7 0,4 0,01 0,09 0,87

Tuberculosis 32,0 16,9 15,9 15,3 14,6 14,1

Malaria 15,4 0,3 0,3 0,26 0,26 0,29

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Note: Tuberculosis incidence data for the year 2002 is taken from WHO, TB (Tuberculosis) Database, data for other years is taken from General Directorate of Public Health, TB Database.

40



Şekil 3.1. AIDS İnsidansının Uluslararası Karşılaştırması, (100.000 Nüfusta), 2017

Kaynak: Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, ECDC HIV-AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2018, OECD Health Data 2019 Not: Türkiye verisi 2018 yılına aittir. Ülke verileri 2017 yılına veya en yakın yıla aittir. Figure 3.1. International Comparison of AIDS Incidence, (per 100.000 Population), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, ECDC HIV-AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2018, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

11,4

6,5

6,0

5,4

2,3

1,9

1,6

1,5

1,4

1,2

1,1

1,0

1,0

0,8

0,7

0,7

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,2

0,2

0,1

0,1

0,0

0

3

6

9

12

Mek

sika Şili

Leto

nya

Birle

şik D

evle

tler

Port

ekiz

Litva

nya

DSÖ

Avru

pa B

ölge

siEs

tony

aOE

CDİsp

anya

İtaly

aYu

nani

stan

Lüks

embu

rgBe

lçika

Holla

nda

İsveç AB

Avus

tury

aFr

ansa

İsviçr

eKa

nada

Çek

Cum

huriy

eti

Dani

mar

kaM

acar

istan

Birle

şik K

rallı

kAv

ustr

alya

Finl

andi

yaİrl

anda

İsrai

lJa

pony

aGü

ney K

ore

Norv

eçPo

lony

aSl

oven

yaYe

ni Z

elan

daSl

ovak

yaAl

man

yaTü

rkiy

eİzl

anda

İnsidans

11,4

6,5

6,0

5,4

2,3

1,9

1,6

1,5

1,4

1,2

1,1

1,0

1,0

0,8

0,7

0,7

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,2

0,2

0,1

0,1

0,0

0

3

6

9

12

Mex

icoCh

ileLa

tvia

Unite

d St

ates

Port

ugal

Lithu

ania

WHO

Eur

opea

n Re

gion

Esto

nia

OECD

Spai

nIta

lyGr

eece

Luxe

mbo

urg

Belg

ium

Neth

erla

nds

Swed

en EUAu

stria

Fran

ceSw

itzer

land

Cana

daCz

ech

Repu

blic

Denm

ark

Hung

ary

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mAu

stra

liaFi

nlan

dIre

land

Israe

lJa

pan

Sout

h Ko

rea

Norw

ayPo

land

Slov

enia

New

Zel

and

Slov

akia

Germ

any

Turk

eyIc

elan

d

Incidence

Figure 3.1. International Comparison of AIDS Incidence, (per 100.000 Population), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, ECDC HIV-AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2018, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 3.2. International Comparison of AIDS Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population)

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, ECDC HIV-AIDS Surveillance Reports

11,4

6,5

6,0

5,4

2,3

2,3

1,9

1,5

1,4

1,2

1,1

1,0

1,0

0,8

0,8

0,7

0,7

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,2

0,2

0,1

0,1

0,0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12M

exico

Chile

Latv

iaUn

ited

Stat

esPo

rtug

alW

HO E

urop

ean

Regi

onLit

huan

iaEs

toni

aOE

CDSp

ain

Italy

Gree

ceLu

xem

bour

gBe

lgiu

m EUNe

ther

land

sSw

eden

Aust

riaFr

ance

Switz

erla

ndCa

nada

Czec

h Re

publ

icDe

nmar

kHu

ngar

yUn

ited

King

dom

Aust

ralia

Finl

and

Irela

ndIsr

ael

Japa

nSo

uth

Kore

aNo

rway

Pola

ndSl

oven

iaNe

w Z

elan

dSl

ovak

iaGe

rman

yTu

rkey

Icel

and

Incidence

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018WHO European Region 1,4 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,5 1,7 2,0 2,1 1,9 1,9 1,7 1,7 1,6European Union 2,0 2,0 1,9 1,9 1,7 1,6 1,6 1,4 1,4 1,2 1,2 1,1 1,0 0,9 0,8 0,6Turkey 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,04 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1

1,4

1,6

2,0

0,6

0,10,2 0,1

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5Incidence

41


Mor

bidity


Figure 3.3. International Comparison of Measles Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population)

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, WHO European Health Information Gateway Figure 3.4. International Comparison of Tuberculosis Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population)

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, WHO Global Health Observatory Database Note: Tuberculosis incidence data for the year 2002-2004 is taken from WHO, TB (Tuberculosis) Database, data for other years is taken from General Directorate of Public Health, TB Database.

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018WHO European Region 5,5 3,5 3,4 4,3 6,2 0,8 1,0 0,9 3,4 4,3 3,4 3,3 1,9 3,0 0,5 2,6 9,9European Union 4,3 3,2 1,2 1,3 1,5 0,6 1,2 1,3 5,9 6,9 2,7 1,9 0,5 0,8 0,8 3,4 3,4Turkey 11,8 8,3 12,9 1,6 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,5 9,7 0,7 0,4 0,0 0,1 0,9

5,5

9,9

4,3

3,4

11,8

0,9

0

7

14Incidence

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Global 170 170 168 167 165 162 160 157 154 151 149 145 143 140 136 134Upper Middle Income

Group Countries 103 103 102 100 98 96 94 93 88 87 85 81 78 75 71 69

WHO European Region 51 52 50 49 48 47 46 45 42 40 38 36 34 33 32 30Turkey 32 31 30 29 29 27 25 24 22 21 19 17 17 16 15 15 14High Income Group Countries 18 19 17 17 17 16 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 13 12

170

134

103

6951

3032

15 141812

0

50

100

150

Incidence

Figure 3.3. International Comparison of Measles Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population)

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, WHO European Health Information Gateway Figure 3.4. International Comparison of Tuberculosis Incidence by Years, (per 100.000 Population)

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, WHO Global Health Observatory Database Note: Tuberculosis incidence data for the year 2002-2004 is taken from WHO, TB (Tuberculosis) Database, data for other years is taken from General Directorate of Public Health, TB Database.

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018WHO European Region 5,5 3,5 3,4 4,3 6,2 0,8 1,0 0,9 3,4 4,3 3,4 3,3 1,9 3,0 0,5 2,6 9,9European Union 4,3 3,2 1,2 1,3 1,5 0,6 1,2 1,3 5,9 6,9 2,7 1,9 0,5 0,8 0,8 3,4 3,4Turkey 11,8 8,3 12,9 1,6 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,5 9,7 0,7 0,4 0,0 0,1 0,9

5,5

9,9

4,3

3,4

11,8

0,9

0

7

14Incidence

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Global 170 170 168 167 165 162 160 157 154 151 149 145 143 140 136 134Upper Middle Income

Group Countries 103 103 102 100 98 96 94 93 88 87 85 81 78 75 71 69

WHO European Region 51 52 50 49 48 47 46 45 42 40 38 36 34 33 32 30Turkey 32 31 30 29 29 27 25 24 22 21 19 17 17 16 15 15 14High Income Group Countries 18 19 17 17 17 16 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 13 12

170

134

103

6951

3032

15 141812

0

50

100

150

Incidence

42



Figure 3.5. International Comparison of Malaria Incidence (Imported Cases), (per 100.000 Population), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, World Malaria Report 2018, UNPD Note: Turkey’s number of local cases for the year 2018 is “0” (zero). The values in the figure represent only imported case values. Population data from countries were obtained from UNPD.

Table 3.3. Total Cancer Incidence by Years and Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population)

2002 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Male 154,2 261,4 275,0 277,7 267,9 246,8 247,6 259,9

Female 113,0 168,7 182,2 188,2 186,5 173,6 177,5 183,2

Total 133,5 215,1 228,6 233,0 227,2 210,2 212,6 221,6


4,2

4,2

2,7

1,8

1,8

1,5

1,2

1,2

0,9

0,3

0,1

0

1

2

3

4

5Fr

ance

Switz

erla

nd

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

m

Belg

ium

Spai

n

Swed

en

Neth

erla

nds

Germ

any

Gree

ce

Turk

ey

Othe

r WHO

/Eur

opea

nRe

gion

Cou

ntrie

s

Incidence

Figure 3.5. International Comparison of Malaria Incidence (Imported Cases), (per 100.000 Population), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, World Malaria Report 2018, UNPD Note: Turkey’s number of local cases for the year 2018 is “0” (zero). The values in the figure represent only imported case values. Population data from countries were obtained from UNPD.

Table 3.3. Total Cancer Incidence by Years and Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population)

2002 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Male 154,2 261,4 275,0 277,7 267,9 246,8 247,6 259,9

Female 113,0 168,7 182,2 188,2 186,5 173,6 177,5 183,2

Total 133,5 215,1 228,6 233,0 227,2 210,2 212,6 221,6


4,2

4,2

2,7

1,8

1,8

1,5

1,2

1,2

0,9

0,3

0,1

0

1

2

3

4

5Fr

ance

Switz

erla

nd

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

m

Belg

ium

Spai

n

Swed

en

Neth

erla

nds

Germ

any

Gree

ce

Turk

ey

Othe

r WHO

/Eur

opea

nRe

gion

Cou

ntrie

s

Incidence

43


Mor

bidity


Table 3.4. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer Among Men by Years, (per 100.000, World Standard Population)

2002 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Trachea, Lung and Bronch 42,2 61,0 62,3 60,4 59,3 52,5 52,5 57,7

Prostate 11,5 33,8 37,1 39,2 36,4 32,9 33,1 35,0

Colorectal 11,8 20,7 22,4 24,7 24,4 22,8 23,1 25,3

Bladder 12,4 20,7 20,9 22,3 21,1 19,3 20,2 21,1

Stomach 11,6 16,1 17,1 16,4 15,9 14,3 14,2 14,2

Kidney 3,0 5,5 6,9 7,0 7,0 6,4 6,8 7,4

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 1,4 7,0 7,2 7,7 6,9 7,2 6,9 7,2

Larynx 6,9 7,7 8,1 7,8 7,0 6,2 6,6 6,2

Thyroid 0,5 4,7 5,1 5,4 5,6 5,5 6,0 6,2

Pancreas 3,1 5,7 5,6 5,8 6,3 5,1 5,6 5,7

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 3.6. Distribution of the Most Common 10 Cancer Types Among Men in the Total Cancer, (%), 2016


2,2

2,4

2,6

2,8

2,9

5,5

8,1

9,9

13,0

22,1

0 5 10 15 20 25

Pancreas

Larynx

Thyroid

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Kidney

Stomach

Bladder

Colorectal

Prostate

Trachea, Lung and Bronch

%

Table 3.4. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer Among Men by Years, (per 100.000, World Standard Population)

2002 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Trachea, Lung and Bronch 42,2 61,0 62,3 60,4 59,3 52,5 52,5 57,7

Prostate 11,5 33,8 37,1 39,2 36,4 32,9 33,1 35,0

Colorectal 11,8 20,7 22,4 24,7 24,4 22,8 23,1 25,3

Bladder 12,4 20,7 20,9 22,3 21,1 19,3 20,2 21,1

Stomach 11,6 16,1 17,1 16,4 15,9 14,3 14,2 14,2

Kidney 3,0 5,5 6,9 7,0 7,0 6,4 6,8 7,4


Larynx 6,9 7,7 8,1 7,8 7,0 6,2 6,6 6,2

Thyroid 0,5 4,7 5,1 5,4 5,6 5,5 6,0 6,2

Pancreas 3,1 5,7 5,6 5,8 6,3 5,1 5,6 5,7

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 3.6. Distribution of the Most Common 10 Cancer Types Among Men in the Total Cancer, (%), 2016


2,2

2,4

2,6

2,8

2,9

5,5

8,1

9,9

13,0

22,1

0 5 10 15 20 25

Pancreas

Larynx

Thyroid


Kidney

Stomach

Bladder

Colorectal

Prostate


%

44



Table 3.5. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer Among Females by Years, (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population)

2002 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Breast 31,9 38,6 44,2 46,8 45,9 43,0 43,8 45,6

Thyroid 3,5 18,1 20,4 20,3 21,3 20,7 21,7 22,9

Colorectal 9,3 13,1 13,3 15,2 15,3 13,8 14,4 14,2

Uterine Corpus 4,3 9,6 10,5 10,1 9,9 9,8 10,0 10,5

Trachea Lung and Bronch 5,2 8,0 7,8 9,3 10,0 8,7 9,0 9,8

Stomach 6,0 7,2 7,9 7,8 7,1 6,5 6,3 6,6

Ovarium 5,9 6,6 7,3 7,3 7,0 6,1 6,4 6,4


Uterine Cervix 3,9 4,0 4,5 4,5 4,6 4,0 4,5 4,3 Brain, Other Nervous System(ONS) 3,8 4,4 4,5 4,7 4,7 4,1 4,1 4,0

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 3.7. Distribution of the Most Common 10 Cancer Types Among Females in the Total Cancer, (%), 2016


2,1

2,4

2,7

3,5

3,7

5,4

5,5

8,0

12,3

24,8

0 10 20 30

Brain, Other Nervous System(ONS)

Uterine Cervix


Ovarium

Stomach


Uterine Corpus

Colorectal

Thyroid

Breast

%

Table 3.5. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer Among Females by Years, (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population)

2002 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Breast 31,9 38,6 44,2 46,8 45,9 43,0 43,8 45,6

Thyroid 3,5 18,1 20,4 20,3 21,3 20,7 21,7 22,9

Colorectal 9,3 13,1 13,3 15,2 15,3 13,8 14,4 14,2

Uterine Corpus 4,3 9,6 10,5 10,1 9,9 9,8 10,0 10,5

Trachea Lung and Bronch 5,2 8,0 7,8 9,3 10,0 8,7 9,0 9,8

Stomach 6,0 7,2 7,9 7,8 7,1 6,5 6,3 6,6

Ovarium 5,9 6,6 7,3 7,3 7,0 6,1 6,4 6,4


Uterine Cervix 3,9 4,0 4,5 4,5 4,6 4,0 4,5 4,3 Brain, Other Nervous System(ONS) 3,8 4,4 4,5 4,7 4,7 4,1 4,1 4,0

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 3.7. Distribution of the Most Common 10 Cancer Types Among Females in the Total Cancer, (%), 2016


2,1

2,4

2,7

3,5

3,7

5,4

5,5

8,0

12,3

24,8

0 10 20 30

Brain, Other Nervous System(ONS)

Uterine Cervix


Ovarium

Stomach


Uterine Corpus

Colorectal

Thyroid

Breast

%

45


Mor

bidity


Table 3.6. Cancer Incidence by Sex, (per 100.000, World Standard Population), 2016 ICD-10 Male Female C00-96 All Cancers 259,9 183,2 C00-14 Mouth, Pharynx 4,9 2,4 C00 Lip 1,0 0,3 C01-C02 Tongue 0,7 0,6 C03-C06 Mouth 0,7 0,5 C07-C08 Salivary Glands 0,5 0,4 C09 Tonsil 0,3 0,1 C10 Other Oropharynx 0,1 0,0 C11 Nasopharynx 1,2 0,4 C12-C13 Hypopharynx 0,3 0,1 C14 Pharynx, unspecified 0,1 0,0 C15-26 Digestion Organs 54,0 29,7 C15 Esophagus 2,0 1,2 C16 Stomach 14,2 6,6 C17 Small Intestine 0,6 0,4 C18 Colon 15,7 9,6 C19-C20 Rectum 9,6 4,6 C21 Anus 0,3 0,2 C22 Liver 4,3 1,8 C23-C24 Gall bladder etc. 1,5 1,4 C25 Pancreas 5,7 3,6 C26 Other Digestion Organs 0,1 0,3 C30-34,C37-C38 Respiratory Organs 64,9 10,8 C30-C31 Nose, sinuses etc. 0,4 0,2 C32 Larynx 6,2 0,4 C33-C34 Trachea, Bronchus, Lung 57,7 9,8 C37-C38 Other Thoracic Organs 0,6 0,4 C40-C41 Bone 1,0 0,8 C43 Melanoma 1,7 1,2 C44 Other Skin 25,9 17,0 C45 Mesothelioma 0,9 0,5 C46 Kaposi's sarcoma 0,8 0,3 C47;C49 Connective, Soft tissue 2,1 1,7 C50 Breast 0,8 45,6 C51-58 Female Genital Organs - 23,1 C51 Vulva - 0,5 C52 Vagina - 0,2 C53 Cervix uteri - 4,3 C54 Corpus uteri - 10,5 C55 Uterus unspecified - 0,7 C56 Ovarium - 6,4 C57 Other Female Genital - 0,5 C58 Placenta - 0,0 C60-63 Male Genital Organs 38,7 - C60 Penis 0,1 - C61 Prostate 35,0 - C62 Testicle 3,6 - C63 Other male genital 0,0 - C64-68 Urinary Organs 29,3 6,8 C64 Kidney 7,4 3,7 C65 Renal Pelvis 0,3 0,1 C66 Ureter 0,3 0,1 C67 Bladder 21,1 2,9 C68 Other Urinary Organs 0,2 0,0 C69 Eye 0,3 0,2 C70-C72 Brain, nervous system 5,4 4,0 C73 Thyroid 6,2 22,9 C74-75 Other Endocrine Glands 0,4 0,5 C74 Adrenal gland 0,3 0,3 C75 Other Endocrine 0,1 0,2 C81-85,88,90-96 Lymphoid and hematopoietic 17,7 12,4 C81 Hodgkin’s disease 1,8 1,3 C82-C85;C96 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 7,2 5,1 C88 Immunoproliferative diseases 0,0 0,0 C90 Multiple Myeloma 2,5 1,7 C91 Lymphoid Leukemia 3,2 2,0 C92-C94 Myeloid Leukemia 2,6 2,0 C95 Leukemia, unspecified 0,4 0,3 C39,C48,C76,C77,C80 Other&Unspecified 4,9 3,3






46



Figure 3.8. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer by Sex, (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population), 2018

Source: IARC, GLOBOCAN 2018 Note: Cancer incidence is WHO’s estimation for 2018. Table 3.7. International Comparison of Cancer Incidence by Sex (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population), 2018

Rank Country Male Country Female Country Total

1 Australia 579,9 Australia 363,0 Australia 468,0

2 New Zealand 526,0 New Zealand 358,3 New Zealand 438,1

3 Ireland 430,8 Hungary 330,6 Ireland 373,7

4 Hungary 427,1 Belgium 329,9 Hungary 368,1

5 France 405,6 Canada 329,7 United States 352,2

6 United States 393,2 Denmark 325,5 Belgium 345,8

7 Latvia 375,7 Ireland 322,9 France 344,1

8 Belgium 371,1 United States 321,2 Denmark 340,4

9 Norway 369,8 Netherlands 318,9 Norway 337,8

10 Slovenia 367,6 Norway 311,3 Netherlands 334,1

Turkey (41) 284,2 Turkey (74) 182,3 Turkey (53) 225,1

Global 218,6 Global 182,6 Global 197,9

Source: IARC, GLOBOCAN 2018 Note: Values in parentheses indicate the rank of Turkey in world rankings. Cancer incidence is WHO’s estimation for 2018.

8,5

22,9

17,6

5,7

27,4

70,6

41,7

5,7

7,5

11,2

3,1

8,4

22,4

16,0

9,8

45,6

80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60

Leukemia

Ovarium

Uterine Corpus

Bladder

Stomach

Thyroid

Kolerectal


Prostate

Breast

Male Female

Figure 3.8. Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer by Sex, (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population), 2018

Source: IARC, GLOBOCAN 2018 Note: Cancer incidence is WHO’s estimation for 2018. Table 3.7. International Comparison of Cancer Incidence by Sex (per 100.000 Population, World Standard Population), 2018

Rank Country Male Country Female Country Total

1 Australia 579,9 Australia 363,0 Australia 468,0

2 New Zealand 526,0 New Zealand 358,3 New Zealand 438,1

3 Ireland 430,8 Hungary 330,6 Ireland 373,7

4 Hungary 427,1 Belgium 329,9 Hungary 368,1

5 France 405,6 Canada 329,7 United States 352,2

6 United States 393,2 Denmark 325,5 Belgium 345,8

7 Latvia 375,7 Ireland 322,9 France 344,1

8 Belgium 371,1 United States 321,2 Denmark 340,4

9 Norway 369,8 Netherlands 318,9 Norway 337,8

10 Slovenia 367,6 Norway 311,3 Netherlands 334,1

Turkey (41) 284,2 Turkey (74) 182,3 Turkey (53) 225,1

Global 218,6 Global 182,6 Global 197,9

Source: IARC, GLOBOCAN 2018 Note: Values in parentheses indicate the rank of Turkey in world rankings. Cancer incidence is WHO’s estimation for 2018.

8,5

22,9

17,6

5,7

27,4

70,6

41,7

5,7

7,5

11,2

3,1

8,4

22,4

16,0

9,8

45,6

80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60

Leukemia

Ovarium

Uterine Corpus

Bladder

Stomach

Thyroid

Kolerectal


Prostate

Breast

Male Female

47


Mor

bidity


Figure 3.9. International Comparison of Incidence of the Most Common 10 Types of Cancer in Turkey, (per 100.000, World Standard Population), 2018

Source: IARC, GLOBOCAN 2018 Note: Cancer incidence is WHO’s estimation for 2018.

Table 3.8. Distribution of Hospital Discharges by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Groups and Sex, (%), Turkey, 2016, 2017, 2018

ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Group Code 2016 2017 2018

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases A00-B99 3,1 2,2 2,6 2,9 2,0 2,4 2,7 1,9 2,3 Neoplasms C00-D48 4,4 3,5 3,9 4,4 3,5 3,9 4,6 3,5 4,0 Diseases of the Blood and Blood-Forming Organs and Certain Disorders Involving the Immune Mechanism

D50-D89 1,6 2,4 2,0 1,7 2,7 2,3 1,8 2,9 2,4

Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases E00-E90 2,6 3,8 3,3 2,5 3,7 3,2 2,5 3,5 3,1 Mental and Behavioral Disorders F00-F99 1,6 0,8 1,2 1,6 0,7 1,2 1,6 0,7 1,1 Diseases of the Nervous System G00-G99 1,9 1,6 1,7 1,9 1,6 1,8 2,2 1,7 1,9 Diseases of the Eye and Adnexa H00-H59 4,8 4,2 4,4 5,1 4,4 4,7 5,2 4,5 4,8 Diseases of the Ear and Mastoid Process H60-H95 0,7 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,5 0,5 Diseases of the Circulatory System I00-I99 9,5 6,3 7,8 9,6 6,3 7,8 9,8 6,5 8,0 Diseases of the Respiratory System J00-J99 16,0 9,8 12,6 16,2 10,1 12,9 16,0 10,0 12,7 Diseases of the Digestive System K00-K93 12,3 10,9 11,5 12,2 10,8 11,4 12,6 11,2 11,8 Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue L00-L99 3,8 2,2 3,0 3,7 2,2 2,9 3,6 2,1 2,8 Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue M00-M99 3,6 4,9 4,3 3,5 4,9 4,3 3,6 5,2 4,5

Diseases of the Genitourinary System N00-N99 7,9 7,8 7,8 8,1 8,0 8,0 8,1 8,0 8,0 Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium O00-O99 - 20,8 11,3 - 20,4 11,0 - 19,9 10,8 Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period P00-P96 2,6 1,9 2,2 2,4 1,7 2,0 2,3 1,7 2,0

Congenital Malformations, Deformations and Chromosomal Abnormalities Q00-Q99 0,9 0,4 0,7 0,9 0,4 0,6 0,9 0,4 0,6

Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified R00-R99 3,0 2,6 2,8 3,0 2,6 2,8 3,1 2,7 2,9

Injury, Poisoning and Certain other Consequences of External Causes S00-T98 7,0 3,8 5,3 7,0 3,9 5,3 6,1 3,6 4,8

Factors Influencing Health Status and Contact with Health Services Z00-Z99 12,6 9,7 11,1 12,5 9,6 10,9 12,7 9,6 11,0

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, Diagnosis-Related Groups Database Note: The distribution of diagnosis code was calculated over the total number of relevant column.

70

59

29 28

8 9 11

15

9

7

79

71

30 32

8 7

12

16

9 6

46

42

37

21

14 13 12 11

8 7

46

29

23

20

7

11

6

8 7 5

0

30

60

90

Breast Prostate Trachea,Lung andBronch

Kolerectal Thyroid Stomach Bladder UterineCorpus

Ovarium Leukaemia

WHO European Region EU Turkey Global






D50-D89 1,6 2,4 2,0 1,7 2,7 2,3 1,8 2,9 2,4







Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100


70

59

29 28

8 9 11

15

9

7

79

71

30 32

8 7

12

16

9 6

46

42

37

21

14 13 12 11

8 7

46

29

23

20

7

11

6

8 7 5

0

30

60

90



Ovarium Leukaemia







D50-D89 1,6 2,4 2,0 1,7 2,7 2,3 1,8 2,9 2,4







Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100


70

59

29 28

8 9 11

15

9

7

79

71

30 32

8 7

12

16

9 6

46

42

37

21

14 13 12 11

8 7

46

29

23

20

7

11

6

8 7 5

0

30

60

90



Ovarium Leukaemia







D50-D89 1,6 2,4 2,0 1,7 2,7 2,3 1,8 2,9 2,4







Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100


70

59

29 28

8 9 11

15

9

7

79

71

30 32

8 7

12

16

9 6

46

42

37

21

14 13 12 11

8 7

46

29

23 20

7

11

6

8 7 5

0

30

60

90



Ovarium Leukaemia


48



Table 3.9. Distribution of the Status of 15 and Over Aged Females Regarding Making Self-Examination of Breast, (%), 2016

Self-Examination %

Once a Month 19,7

Once in Three Months 7,9

Once in More Than Three Months 11,9

Never 60,6

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016 Table 3.10. Distribution of the Status of 15 and Over Aged Females Regarding Having Mammography, (%), 2016

Mammography Examination Period %

Within the Past One Year 9,0

More Than One Year But Less Than Two Years 7,1

More Than Two Years But Less Than Three Years 3,6

More Than Three Years But Less Than Five Years 4,0

More Than Five Years 5,2

Never 71,1

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016 Table 3.11. Distribution of the Status of 15 and Over Aged Females Regarding Having Smear Test, (%), 2016

Smear Test Period %






Never 69,3

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016


Self-Examination %

Once a Month 19,7



Never 60,6








Never 71,1


Smear Test Period %






Never 69,3



Self-Examination %

Once a Month 19,7



Never 60,6








Never 71,1


Smear Test Period %






Never 69,3


49


Mor

bidity


Table 3.12. Percentage of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Having Difficulty in Performing Personal Care by Sex, (%), 2016

Personal Care Activities Male Female Total

Getting In and Out of a Bed or Chair 2,9 5,4 4,2

Dressing and Undressing 2,8 3,9 3,3

Bathing or Showering 2,6 3,9 3,3

Using Toilets 2,5 3,7 3,1

Feeding Yourself 2,0 3,0 2,5

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016 Table 3.13. Percentage of Major Diseases Seen in Children (0-6 Age Group) in the Past 6 Months by Sex, (%), 2016

Disease/Health Problem Male Girl Total

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (Tonsillitis, Middle Ear Infections, Pharyngitis, etc.) 42,6 42,6 42,6

Diarrhea 31,6 33,0 32,3

Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (Pneumonia, etc.) 11,0 11,1 11,1

Communicable Diseases (Varicella, Mumps etc.) 9,4 9,0 9,2

Oral and Dental Health Problems 7,7 7,0 7,3

Anemia (Iron Deficiency Anemia, etc.) 5,8 4,9 5,4

Urinary Tract Infection 2,8 5,4 4,1

Skin Diseases 3,2 2,6 2,9

Bone Deformities Caused by Vitamin D Lack 1,5 2,1 1,8


Table 3.14. Percentage of Major Diseases Seen in Children (7-14 Age Group) in the Past 6 Months by Sex, (%), 2016



Visual Problems 12,2 15,1 13,6

Infectious Diseases 7,6 8,3 7,9


Diseases Related with Nutrition 3,4 3,1 3,3

Hearing Problems 2,0 2,6 2,3

Musculoskeletal System Diseases 2,2 1,4 1,8

Mental Health Problems 1,4 1,3 1,3












Diarrhea 31,6 33,0 32,3






























Diarrhea 31,6 33,0 32,3




















50



Table 3.15. Percentage of Major Diseases Seen in 15 and Over Aged Individuals in the Past 12 Months by Sex, (%), 2016

Disease/Health Problem Male Female Total Low Back Disorders (Lumbago, Back Hernia, Other Back Defections) 21,4 32,8 27,1

Neck Disorders (Neck Pain, Neck Hernia, Other Neck Defections) 11,5 24,6 18,1

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) 11,1 20,5 15,8

Allergy (Such as Rhinitis, Eye Inflammation, Dermatitis, Food Allergy or Other)(Allergic Asthma Excluded)

7,5 13,9 10,8

Diabetes 7,1 10,9 9,1 Asthma (Allergic Asthma Included) 5,2 10,3 7,8

Arthrosis 4,9 10,5 7,7 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema) 5,7 8,8 7,3

Depression 4,9 9,4 7,2 Coronary Heart Disease (Angina Pectoris, Chest Pain, Spasm) 5,9 7,1 6,5

Kidney Problems 5,2 7,5 6,4

Urinary Incontinence, Problems in Controlling the Bladder 3,9 7,8 5,9

Alzheimer 5,1 6,1 5,6 Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack) 2,1 2,0 2,1

Cirrhosis of the Liver, Liver Dysfunction 1,1 1,8 1,5 Stroke (Cerebral Hemorrhage, Cerebral Thrombosis) 1,0 0,8 0,9

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016 Note: Alzheimer was evaluated for individuals in the 65+ age group. Table 3.16. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Patients with Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and High Cholesterol Diagnosis by Sex, (%), 2017

Time of Diagnosis Diseases Male Female Total

Diagnosed Within Past 12 Months

Hypertension 4,3 9,8 7,1 Diabetes 3,4 5,2 4,3 High Cholesterol 3,6 6,1 4,8

Diagnosed But Not Within Past 12 Months


Diagnosed At Any Time (Prevalence)


Source: Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017 Note: The data is based on self-reported.

Table 3.15. Percentage of Major Diseases Seen in 15 and Over Aged Individuals in the Past 12 Months by Sex, (%), 2016

Disease/Health Problem Male Female Total Low Back Disorders (Lumbago, Back Hernia, Other Back Defections) 21,4 32,8 27,1

Neck Disorders (Neck Pain, Neck Hernia, Other Neck Defections) 11,5 24,6 18,1

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) 11,1 20,5 15,8

Allergy (Such as Rhinitis, Eye Inflammation, Dermatitis, Food Allergy or Other)(Allergic Asthma Excluded)

7,5 13,9 10,8

Diabetes 7,1 10,9 9,1 Asthma (Allergic Asthma Included) 5,2 10,3 7,8

Arthrosis 4,9 10,5 7,7 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema) 5,7 8,8 7,3

Depression 4,9 9,4 7,2 Coronary Heart Disease (Angina Pectoris, Chest Pain, Spasm) 5,9 7,1 6,5

Kidney Problems 5,2 7,5 6,4

Urinary Incontinence, Problems in Controlling the Bladder 3,9 7,8 5,9

Alzheimer 5,1 6,1 5,6 Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack) 2,1 2,0 2,1

Cirrhosis of the Liver, Liver Dysfunction 1,1 1,8 1,5 Stroke (Cerebral Hemorrhage, Cerebral Thrombosis) 1,0 0,8 0,9

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016 Note: Alzheimer was evaluated for individuals in the 65+ age group. Table 3.16. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Patients with Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and High Cholesterol Diagnosis by Sex, (%), 2017

Time of Diagnosis Diseases Male Female Total

Diagnosed Within Past 12 Months


Diagnosed But Not Within Past 12 Months


Diagnosed At Any Time (Prevalence)


Source: Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017 Note: The data is based on self-reported.

51


Mor

bidity


Table 3.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ General Health Status by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2016

Age Group Health Status Male Female Total

15-24 Very Good/Good 90,2 88,9 89,5

Bad/Very Bad 3,1 1,5 2,3

25-34 Very Good/Good 82,9 79,2 81,1


35-44 Very Good/Good 74,1 59,8 67,0


45-54 Very Good/Good 58,8 39,5 49,2

Bad/Very Bad 8,8 18,0 13,4

55-64 Very Good/Good 52,5 29,2 40,7

Bad/Very Bad 11,4 25,9 18,7

65-74 Very Good/Good 33,2 20,1 26,1

Bad/Very Bad 23,1 36,9 30,5

75+ Very Good/Good 17,8 11,5 14,0

Bad/Very Bad 36,4 46,6 42,6

Total Very Good/Good 69,8 57,5 63,5

Bad/Very Bad 7,9 13,4 10,7


Table 3.18. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Wearing Glasses or Lenses by Sex, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Type of Wearing 2012 2014 2016


Wearing 28,9 31,4 30,2 32,3 36,2 34,3 33,7 37,6 35,6

Not Wearing 71,0 68,5 69,7 67,5 63,7 65,6 66,3 62,3 64,3

Profoundly Deaf 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2012, 2014, 2016

Table 3.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ General Health Status by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2016

Age Group Health Status Male Female Total

15-24 Very Good/Good 90,2 88,9 89,5


25-34 Very Good/Good 82,9 79,2 81,1


35-44 Very Good/Good 74,1 59,8 67,0


45-54 Very Good/Good 58,8 39,5 49,2

Bad/Very Bad 8,8 18,0 13,4

55-64 Very Good/Good 52,5 29,2 40,7

Bad/Very Bad 11,4 25,9 18,7

65-74 Very Good/Good 33,2 20,1 26,1

Bad/Very Bad 23,1 36,9 30,5

75+ Very Good/Good 17,8 11,5 14,0

Bad/Very Bad 36,4 46,6 42,6

Total Very Good/Good 69,8 57,5 63,5

Bad/Very Bad 7,9 13,4 10,7


Table 3.18. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Wearing Glasses or Lenses by Sex, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016



Wearing 28,9 31,4 30,2 32,3 36,2 34,3 33,7 37,6 35,6

Not Wearing 71,0 68,5 69,7 67,5 63,7 65,6 66,3 62,3 64,3

Profoundly Deaf 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1


52



Table 3.19. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Having Vision Problem by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Age Group 2012 2014 2016


15-24 1,3 1,0 1,2 1,5 1,9 1,7 1,6 1,6 1,6

25-34 0,9 2,4 1,6 1,3 2,0 1,7 1,3 1,4 1,4

35-44 1,6 2,8 2,2 2,1 5,4 3,7 2,1 4,4 3,3

45-54 5,0 8,8 6,9 7,7 13,0 10,3 7,8 11,1 9,4

55-64 6,8 12,0 9,5 10,6 15,6 13,2 9,4 17,0 13,3

65-74 13,8 22,0 18,3 15,1 19,8 17,6 16,4 20,2 18,5

75+ 28,3 36,3 33,1 23,1 32,5 28,8 23,8 37,2 31,9

Total 4,0 6,9 5,5 5,1 8,6 6,9 5,3 8,6 6,9

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2012, 2014, 2016 Note: Those who could not see / see at all despite the use of glasses / lenses were included in the calculation. Table 3.20. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Wearing a Hearing Aid by Sex, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016



Wearing 4,7 4,7 4,7 3,9 3,4 3,6 4,1 4,0 4,1

Not Wearing 95,2 95,2 95,2 95,7 96,4 96,0 95,7 95,8 95,8

Profoundly Deaf 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,1


Table 3.19. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Having Vision Problem by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Age Group 2012 2014 2016


15-24 1,3 1,0 1,2 1,5 1,9 1,7 1,6 1,6 1,6

25-34 0,9 2,4 1,6 1,3 2,0 1,7 1,3 1,4 1,4

35-44 1,6 2,8 2,2 2,1 5,4 3,7 2,1 4,4 3,3

45-54 5,0 8,8 6,9 7,7 13,0 10,3 7,8 11,1 9,4

55-64 6,8 12,0 9,5 10,6 15,6 13,2 9,4 17,0 13,3

65-74 13,8 22,0 18,3 15,1 19,8 17,6 16,4 20,2 18,5

75+ 28,3 36,3 33,1 23,1 32,5 28,8 23,8 37,2 31,9

Total 4,0 6,9 5,5 5,1 8,6 6,9 5,3 8,6 6,9

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2012, 2014, 2016 Note: Those who could not see / see at all despite the use of glasses / lenses were included in the calculation. Table 3.20. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Wearing a Hearing Aid by Sex, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016



Wearing 4,7 4,7 4,7 3,9 3,4 3,6 4,1 4,0 4,1

Not Wearing 95,2 95,2 95,2 95,7 96,4 96,0 95,7 95,8 95,8

Profoundly Deaf 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,1


53


Mor

bidity


Table 3.21. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Having Hearing Problem by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Age Group 2012 2014 2016


15-24 0,6 0,3 0,5 1,8 0,9 1,3 0,3 1,0 0,6

25-34 0,6 0,3 0,4 1,3 1,8 1,6 1,6 0,8 1,2

35-44 0,9 1,0 0,9 2,3 3,0 2,7 1,5 1,6 1,5

45-54 1,2 1,6 1,4 4,4 6,4 5,4 3,4 4,9 4,1

55-64 1,8 4,0 2,9 7,0 8,3 7,7 4,6 6,2 5,4

65-74 7,4 8,1 7,8 15,4 14,1 14,7 15,5 14,5 15,0

75+ 22,4 21,7 22,0 37,7 34,6 35,8 33,0 35,8 34,7

Total 1,9 2,5 2,2 4,8 5,8 5,3 3,9 5,0 4,5

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2012, 2014, 2016 Note: Those who could not hear / hear at all despite the wear of hearing aids were included in the calculation.

54




There is no record for the distinction between the local and imported cases for the measles and tuberculosis cases in 2002.

The date of case notification is based on confirmation time in HIV/AIDS surveillance system. The case number is calculated by using the notified cases with having positive confirmation test result. Annual case number would be change due to the value of current year including notifications for confirmed cases of previous year. Case number and incidence values are calculated by using the notified cases with having positive confirmation test result as of 31 January 2019.

The data regarding cancer were obtained from Ankara, Antalya, Bursa, Edirne, Erzurum, Eskişehir, İzmir, Samsun, Trabzon, Gaziantep, Malatya, İstanbul and Mersin which collects data with Active Cancer Registry System and ensures adequate quality standards. Active Cancer Registry System; the data searched one by one in the patient files and electronic databases by the cancer registry personnel are transferred to the cancer registry forms. These forms are entered to Canreg-4 computer programs in the Provincial Public Health Directorate Cancer Registry Centers. After the duplication check and other quality control activities are performed, they were sent to the General Directorate of Public Health in the electronic environment.

World Standard Population: Cancer is seen more frequently in elderly populated country compared to youngest populated. Therefore, "age standardized rate" is used by weighting according to age from "World Standard Population" table.


TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016

Research is based on self-reported.

Coverage: All the individuals living in Turkey were covered. Institutional population (soldiers, individuals living in dormitories, prisons, hospitals at the long-terms, homes for the elderly, etc.) are excluded.

Estimation Level: The survey is designed in order to produce estimators for only Turkey. Thus, the total sample size necessary was found to be 9.470 households.

Sampling Distribution: In 8.325 of these households the questionnaire was completed. The questionnaire was completed by 23.606 people.

Period of the field study: Field study of the survey was implemented on April in 2008, on May-June in 2010 and 2012 for only one month. But it was implemented on August-October in 2014 and 2016 for three months.

Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017

Coverage: 15 and over aged citizens of the Republic of Turkey, living in Turkey, are covered. Institutional population (hotel, individuals living in dormitories, prisons, hospitals in the long period, etc.) are excluded.

Estimation Level: The survey is designed to produce estimators for total of Turkey. For this aim, the total sample size was determined as 8.650 households.

Sampling Distribution: Of the 8.650 households visited, 6.053 people 15 and over aged participated in the first and second step of study, of whom 3.352 also completed step 3 (2.701 people out of the 6.053 selected did not want to participate).

Period of the Field Study: Field study of the survey was implemented in April-September 2017.

The data in this study includes 3 steps namely “a questionnaire”,” physical measure” and “biochemical measures”.

55


Mor

bidity


Step 1 consists of evaluation based on a questionnaire that investigates exposure to four behavioral risk factors: Tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and physical inactivity.

Step 2 considers the physical measurement of variables such as blood pressure, height, weight and waist and hip circumference to assess exposure to biological risk factors such as high blood pressure, overweight and obesity.

Step 3 adds biochemical measurements by taking blood and urine samples for the detection of high levels of glycemia, hypercholesterolemia and sodium intake.

Risk

Facto

rs

Chapter 4 Risk Factors

59


Risk

Facto

rs


Table 4.1. Distribution of Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Tobacco Consumption

Age Group

2012 2014 2016


Daily

Smok

er

15-24 24,1 4,6 14,3 31,4 5,7 18,5 28,2 7,8 18,1

25-34 45,9 14,9 30,5 51,2 18,8 35,1 49,6 16,6 33,2

35-44 44,4 17,3 30,9 49,9 19,7 34,9 50,6 19,6 35,2

45-54 42,0 13,4 27,7 48,7 16,5 32,7 45,3 17,7 31,6

55-64 27,9 7,4 17,4 38,2 10,2 24,0 35,0 10,9 22,8

65-74 17,8 3,8 10,1 22,4 3,4 12,1 24,2 4,4 13,5

75+ 12,6 0,8 5,6 8,9 2,4 5,0 10,7 1,0 4,8

Turkey 35,9 10,8 23,2 41,8 13,1 27,3 40,1 13,3 26,5

Occa

siona

l Sm

oker

15-24 4,3 1,5 2,9 6,1 3,7 4,9 3,6 3,0 3,3

25-34 4,6 4,9 4,8 6,9 6,5 6,7 5,1 6,1 5,6

35-44 4,9 4,4 4,6 6,4 6,8 6,6 5,0 5,9 5,4

45-54 4,1 3,1 3,6 4,4 4,8 4,6 4,1 4,1 4,1

55-64 4,1 0,5 2,3 3,6 3,3 3,4 2,5 2,3 2,4

65-74 2,7 0,9 1,7 5,2 2,2 3,6 1,9 1,3 1,6

75+ 2,9 1,2 1,9 2,9 1,4 2,0 2,8 2,0 2,3

Turkey 4,3 2,9 3,6 5,6 4,8 5,2 4,0 4,1 4,1

Non-

Smok

er

15-24 6,5 5,0 5,7 10,2 7,5 8,8 3,4 2,1 2,7

25-34 11,7 11,2 11,5 12,6 12,8 12,7 9,3 6,6 8,0

35-44 18,2 9,8 14,0 20,6 13,0 16,8 16,6 8,2 12,4

45-54 26,3 10,6 18,5 29,6 14,1 21,9 24,5 8,7 16,7

55-64 38,0 10,1 23,8 43,4 14,5 28,8 39,5 9,0 24,1

65-74 44,9 7,4 24,4 51,8 10,9 29,7 47,4 7,7 26,0

75+ 42,2 5,7 20,4 58,7 8,4 28,4 47,3 5,4 22,0

Turkey 19,8 8,9 14,3 23,8 11,8 17,7 19,3 6,7 12,9

Neve

r Sm

oker

15-24 65,1 88,9 77,1 52,3 83,2 67,7 64,9 87,0 75,9

25-34 37,8 69,0 53,3 29,3 61,8 45,5 36,0 70,7 53,3

35-44 32,5 68,5 50,5 23,1 60,4 41,7 27,8 66,3 47,0

45-54 27,6 72,9 50,2 17,2 64,6 40,8 26,1 69,5 47,7

55-64 30,0 82,0 56,5 14,8 72,1 43,8 22,9 77,8 50,7

65-74 34,5 88,0 63,8 20,5 83,5 54,6 26,5 86,6 58,9

75+ 42,3 92,3 72,1 29,5 87,8 64,6 39,2 91,6 70,9

Turkey 40,0 77,3 59,0 28,7 70,3 49,8 36,6 75,9 56,5


60



Figure 4.1. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2016. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.2. International Comparison of Distribution of 15-24 Aged Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2016. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

29 27 27 2625 24 24 23 23 22 21 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18

18

18 18 17 17 17 17 1716

14 13 12 12 11 11 10 98

40

23

13 14

0

10

20

30

40

Fran

ceGr

eece

Turk

eyHu

ngar

yCh

ileAu

stria

Latv

iaSl

ovak

iaPo

land

Spai

nEs

toni

aLit

huan

iaIta

lySw

itzer

land

Belg

ium

Slov

enia

Germ

any

Czec

h Re

publ

icOE

CDIre

land

Japa

nSo

uth

Kore

aUn

ited

King

dom

Denm

ark

Israe

lNe

ther

land

sPo

rtug

alLu

xem

bour

gNe

w Z

elan

dFi

nlan

dAu

stra

liaCa

nada

Norw

ayUn

ited

Stat

esSw

eden

Icel

and

Mex

ico

Total Male Female

Daily Smoker (%)

27 27

24 2421

20 20 19 19 19 19 19 18 18 1817 16 16 16 16 15 15 15

14 14 14 14 13 1311 9

7 7 6 6

3

28

18

8

13

0

10

20

30

Hung

ary

Aust

riaIsr

ael

Fran

ceCz

ech

Repu

blic

Latv

iaSw

itzer

land

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mCh

ileEs

toni

aGr

eece

Slov

akia

Turk

eyIta

lySp

ain

Belg

ium

Slov

enia

Luxe

mbo

urg

OECD

35De

nmar

kPo

rtug

alIre

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Germ

any

Finl

and

Pola

ndLit

huan

iaNe

ther

land

sNe

w Z

elan

dSw

eden

Aust

ralia

Cana

daUn

ited

Stat

esM

exico

Icel

and

Norw

ay

Total Male Female

Daily Smoker(%)

Figure 4.1. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2016. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.2. International Comparison of Distribution of 15-24 Aged Individuals Using Tobacco Product by Sex, (%), 2017


29 27 27 2625 24 24 23 23 22 21 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18

18

18 18 17 17 17 17 1716

14 13 12 12 11 11 10 98

40

23

13 14

0

10

20

30

40

Fran

ceGr

eece

Turk

eyHu

ngar

yCh

ileAu

stria

Latv

iaSl

ovak

iaPo

land

Spai

nEs

toni

aLit

huan

iaIta

lySw

itzer

land

Belg

ium

Slov

enia

Germ

any

Czec

h Re

publ

icOE

CDIre

land

Japa

nSo

uth

Kore

aUn

ited

King

dom

Denm

ark

Israe

lNe

ther

land

sPo

rtug

alLu

xem

bour

gNe

w Z

elan

dFi

nlan

dAu

stra

liaCa

nada

Norw

ayUn

ited

Stat

esSw

eden

Icel

and

Mex

ico

Total Male Female

Daily Smoker (%)

27 27

24 2421

20 20 19 19 19 19 19 18 18 1817 16 16 16 16 15 15 15

14 14 14 14 13 1311 9

7 7 6 6

3

28

18

8

13

0

10

20

30

Hung

ary

Aust

riaIsr

ael

Fran

ceCz

ech

Repu

blic

Latv

iaSw

itzer

land

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mCh

ileEs

toni

aGr

eece

Slov

akia

Turk

eyIta

lySp

ain

Belg

ium

Slov

enia

Luxe

mbo

urg

OECD

35De

nmar

kPo

rtug

alIre

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Germ

any

Finl

and

Pola

ndLit

huan

iaNe

ther

land

sNe

w Z

elan

dSw

eden

Aust

ralia

Cana

daUn

ited

Stat

esM

exico

Icel

and

Norw

ay

Total Male Female

Daily Smoker(%)

61


Risk

Facto

rs


Figure 4.3. International Comparison of the Average Number of Daily Cigarette per Individuals Using Cigarette in 15 and Over Aged, 2017


Table 4.2. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Alcohol Consumption by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Alcohol Consumption

Age Group

2012 2014 2016


Cons

umes

15-24 11,7 3,2 7,4 20,9 5,8 13,3 13,1 5,4 9,3 25-34 21,7 6,2 14,0 31,0 10,0 20,5 24,1 8,7 16,5 35-44 21,2 5,0 13,1 27,4 6,7 17,1 25,2 6,4 15,9 45-54 20,3 3,5 11,9 25,6 4,7 15,2 19,2 3,7 11,5 55-64 15,2 1,9 8,4 22,6 2,9 12,6 19,7 3,8 11,6 65-74 8,2 0,6 4,0 11,2 1,3 5,8 11,5 1,0 5,9 75+ 3,0 0,1 1,3 4,4 0,5 2,0 5,5 0,6 2,5 Turkey 17,2 3,8 10,4 24,3 5,8 14,9 19,3 5,3 12,2

Does

n't C

onsu

me

15-24 6,7 4,0 5,3 11,9 7,1 9,5 5,9 3,9 4,9 25-34 12,2 5,6 8,9 22,4 11,5 17,0 16,0 7,0 11,5 35-44 15,4 4,6 10,0 31,0 10,9 21,0 21,4 4,9 13,2 45-54 19,6 4,2 11,9 34,2 8,3 21,3 23,8 5,8 14,8 55-64 24,8 2,9 13,6 39,7 6,8 23,1 28,7 4,4 16,4 65-74 26,6 2,1 13,2 44,0 5,5 23,2 30,4 3,6 16,0 75+ 24,5 1,4 10,7 37,0 2,5 16,2 25,8 1,8 11,3 Turkey 15,3 4,2 9,7 27,6 8,6 18,0 19,1 5,0 11,9

Neve

r Con

sum

e

15-24 81,6 92,8 87,3 67,2 87,1 77,2 81,0 90,6 85,8 25-34 66,1 88,2 77,1 46,6 78,6 62,5 59,9 84,3 72,0 35-44 63,5 90,5 76,9 41,6 82,4 61,9 53,4 88,7 71,0 45-54 60,1 92,3 76,2 40,2 87,0 63,5 57,0 90,5 73,6 55-64 60,0 95,2 78,0 37,7 90,3 64,3 51,6 91,9 72,0 65-74 65,3 97,3 82,8 44,8 93,1 71,0 58,1 95,4 78,2 75+ 72,5 98,5 88,0 58,6 97,1 81,7 68,8 97,5 86,2 Turkey 67,4 92,0 79,9 48,2 85,6 67,1 61,6 89,8 75,8


18,8

17,3

16,1

15,9

15,6

15,5

15,5

15,2

15,2

15,1

14,9

14,9

14,4

14,1

14,0

13,9

13,6

13,6

13,5

13,4

13,0

13,0

12,7

12,3

12,3

12,0

11,6

11,5

11,4

10,2

10,2

10,0

7,4

0

5

10

15

20

Gree

ceTu

rkey

Israe

lBe

lgiu

mAu

stria

Japa

nPo

land

Germ

any

Luxe

mbo

urg

Denm

ark

Sout

h Ko

rea

Slov

enia

Cana

daFi

nlan

dIre

land

Hung

ary

Unite

d St

ates

OECD

32La

tvia

Aust

ralia

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Chile

Czec

h Re

publ

icSp

ain

Fran

ceNo

rway

Italy

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mNe

ther

land

sNe

w Z

elan

dSw

itzer

land

Mex

ico

Number of Cigarette




Alcohol Consumption

Age Group

2012 2014 2016


Cons

umes

15-24 11,7 3,2 7,4 20,9 5,8 13,3 13,1 5,4 9,3 25-34 21,7 6,2 14,0 31,0 10,0 20,5 24,1 8,7 16,5 35-44 21,2 5,0 13,1 27,4 6,7 17,1 25,2 6,4 15,9 45-54 20,3 3,5 11,9 25,6 4,7 15,2 19,2 3,7 11,5 55-64 15,2 1,9 8,4 22,6 2,9 12,6 19,7 3,8 11,6 65-74 8,2 0,6 4,0 11,2 1,3 5,8 11,5 1,0 5,9 75+ 3,0 0,1 1,3 4,4 0,5 2,0 5,5 0,6 2,5 Turkey 17,2 3,8 10,4 24,3 5,8 14,9 19,3 5,3 12,2

Does

n't C

onsu

me

15-24 6,7 4,0 5,3 11,9 7,1 9,5 5,9 3,9 4,9 25-34 12,2 5,6 8,9 22,4 11,5 17,0 16,0 7,0 11,5 35-44 15,4 4,6 10,0 31,0 10,9 21,0 21,4 4,9 13,2 45-54 19,6 4,2 11,9 34,2 8,3 21,3 23,8 5,8 14,8 55-64 24,8 2,9 13,6 39,7 6,8 23,1 28,7 4,4 16,4 65-74 26,6 2,1 13,2 44,0 5,5 23,2 30,4 3,6 16,0 75+ 24,5 1,4 10,7 37,0 2,5 16,2 25,8 1,8 11,3 Turkey 15,3 4,2 9,7 27,6 8,6 18,0 19,1 5,0 11,9

Neve

r Con

sum

e

15-24 81,6 92,8 87,3 67,2 87,1 77,2 81,0 90,6 85,8 25-34 66,1 88,2 77,1 46,6 78,6 62,5 59,9 84,3 72,0 35-44 63,5 90,5 76,9 41,6 82,4 61,9 53,4 88,7 71,0 45-54 60,1 92,3 76,2 40,2 87,0 63,5 57,0 90,5 73,6 55-64 60,0 95,2 78,0 37,7 90,3 64,3 51,6 91,9 72,0 65-74 65,3 97,3 82,8 44,8 93,1 71,0 58,1 95,4 78,2 75+ 72,5 98,5 88,0 58,6 97,1 81,7 68,8 97,5 86,2 Turkey 67,4 92,0 79,9 48,2 85,6 67,1 61,6 89,8 75,8


18,8

17,3

16,1

15,9

15,6

15,5

15,5

15,2

15,2

15,1

14,9

14,9

14,4

14,1

14,0

13,9

13,6

13,6

13,5

13,4

13,0

13,0

12,7

12,3

12,3

12,0

11,6

11,5

11,4

10,2

10,2

10,0

7,4

0

5

10

15

20

Gree

ceTu

rkey

Israe

lBe

lgiu

mAu

stria

Japa

nPo

land

Germ

any

Luxe

mbo

urg

Denm

ark

Sout

h Ko

rea

Slov

enia

Cana

daFi

nlan

dIre

land

Hung

ary

Unite

d St

ates

OECD

32La

tvia

Aust

ralia

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Chile

Czec

h Re

publ

icSp

ain

Fran

ceNo

rway

Italy

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mNe

ther

land

sNe

w Z

elan

dSw

itzer

land

Mex

ico

Number of Cigarette




Alcohol Consumption

Age Group

2012 2014 2016


Cons

umes

15-24 11,7 3,2 7,4 20,9 5,8 13,3 13,1 5,4 9,3 25-34 21,7 6,2 14,0 31,0 10,0 20,5 24,1 8,7 16,5 35-44 21,2 5,0 13,1 27,4 6,7 17,1 25,2 6,4 15,9 45-54 20,3 3,5 11,9 25,6 4,7 15,2 19,2 3,7 11,5 55-64 15,2 1,9 8,4 22,6 2,9 12,6 19,7 3,8 11,6 65-74 8,2 0,6 4,0 11,2 1,3 5,8 11,5 1,0 5,9 75+ 3,0 0,1 1,3 4,4 0,5 2,0 5,5 0,6 2,5 Turkey 17,2 3,8 10,4 24,3 5,8 14,9 19,3 5,3 12,2

Does

n't C

onsu

me

15-24 6,7 4,0 5,3 11,9 7,1 9,5 5,9 3,9 4,9 25-34 12,2 5,6 8,9 22,4 11,5 17,0 16,0 7,0 11,5 35-44 15,4 4,6 10,0 31,0 10,9 21,0 21,4 4,9 13,2 45-54 19,6 4,2 11,9 34,2 8,3 21,3 23,8 5,8 14,8 55-64 24,8 2,9 13,6 39,7 6,8 23,1 28,7 4,4 16,4 65-74 26,6 2,1 13,2 44,0 5,5 23,2 30,4 3,6 16,0 75+ 24,5 1,4 10,7 37,0 2,5 16,2 25,8 1,8 11,3 Turkey 15,3 4,2 9,7 27,6 8,6 18,0 19,1 5,0 11,9

Neve

r Con

sum

e

15-24 81,6 92,8 87,3 67,2 87,1 77,2 81,0 90,6 85,8 25-34 66,1 88,2 77,1 46,6 78,6 62,5 59,9 84,3 72,0 35-44 63,5 90,5 76,9 41,6 82,4 61,9 53,4 88,7 71,0 45-54 60,1 92,3 76,2 40,2 87,0 63,5 57,0 90,5 73,6 55-64 60,0 95,2 78,0 37,7 90,3 64,3 51,6 91,9 72,0 65-74 65,3 97,3 82,8 44,8 93,1 71,0 58,1 95,4 78,2 75+ 72,5 98,5 88,0 58,6 97,1 81,7 68,8 97,5 86,2 Turkey 67,4 92,0 79,9 48,2 85,6 67,1 61,6 89,8 75,8


18,8

17,3

16,1

15,9

15,6

15,5

15,5

15,2

15,2

15,1

14,9

14,9

14,4

14,1

14,0

13,9

13,6

13,6

13,5

13,4

13,0

13,0

12,7

12,3

12,3

12,0

11,6

11,5

11,4

10,2

10,2

10,0

7,4

0

5

10

15

20

Gree

ceTu

rkey

Israe

lBe

lgiu

mAu

stria

Japa

nPo

land

Germ

any

Luxe

mbo

urg

Denm

ark

Sout

h Ko

rea

Slov

enia

Cana

daFi

nlan

dIre

land

Hung

ary

Unite

d St

ates

OECD

32La

tvia

Aust

ralia

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Chile

Czec

h Re

publ

icSp

ain

Fran

ceNo

rway

Italy

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mNe

ther

land

sNe

w Z

elan

dSw

itzer

land

Mex

ico

Number of Cigarette




Alcohol Consumption

Age Group

2012 2014 2016


Cons

umes

15-24 11,7 3,2 7,4 20,9 5,8 13,3 13,1 5,4 9,3 25-34 21,7 6,2 14,0 31,0 10,0 20,5 24,1 8,7 16,5 35-44 21,2 5,0 13,1 27,4 6,7 17,1 25,2 6,4 15,9 45-54 20,3 3,5 11,9 25,6 4,7 15,2 19,2 3,7 11,5 55-64 15,2 1,9 8,4 22,6 2,9 12,6 19,7 3,8 11,6 65-74 8,2 0,6 4,0 11,2 1,3 5,8 11,5 1,0 5,9 75+ 3,0 0,1 1,3 4,4 0,5 2,0 5,5 0,6 2,5 Turkey 17,2 3,8 10,4 24,3 5,8 14,9 19,3 5,3 12,2

Does

n't C

onsu

me

15-24 6,7 4,0 5,3 11,9 7,1 9,5 5,9 3,9 4,9 25-34 12,2 5,6 8,9 22,4 11,5 17,0 16,0 7,0 11,5 35-44 15,4 4,6 10,0 31,0 10,9 21,0 21,4 4,9 13,2 45-54 19,6 4,2 11,9 34,2 8,3 21,3 23,8 5,8 14,8 55-64 24,8 2,9 13,6 39,7 6,8 23,1 28,7 4,4 16,4 65-74 26,6 2,1 13,2 44,0 5,5 23,2 30,4 3,6 16,0 75+ 24,5 1,4 10,7 37,0 2,5 16,2 25,8 1,8 11,3 Turkey 15,3 4,2 9,7 27,6 8,6 18,0 19,1 5,0 11,9

Neve

r Con

sum

e

15-24 81,6 92,8 87,3 67,2 87,1 77,2 81,0 90,6 85,8 25-34 66,1 88,2 77,1 46,6 78,6 62,5 59,9 84,3 72,0 35-44 63,5 90,5 76,9 41,6 82,4 61,9 53,4 88,7 71,0 45-54 60,1 92,3 76,2 40,2 87,0 63,5 57,0 90,5 73,6 55-64 60,0 95,2 78,0 37,7 90,3 64,3 51,6 91,9 72,0 65-74 65,3 97,3 82,8 44,8 93,1 71,0 58,1 95,4 78,2 75+ 72,5 98,5 88,0 58,6 97,1 81,7 68,8 97,5 86,2 Turkey 67,4 92,0 79,9 48,2 85,6 67,1 61,6 89,8 75,8


18,8

17,3

16,1

15,9

15,6

15,5

15,5

15,2

15,2

15,1

14,9

14,9

14,4

14,1

14,0

13,9

13,6

13,6

13,5

13,4

13,0

13,0

12,7

12,3

12,3

12,0

11,6

11,5

11,4

10,2

10,2

10,0

7,4

0

5

10

15

20

Gree

ceTu

rkey

Israe

lBe

lgiu

mAu

stria

Japa

nPo

land

Germ

any

Luxe

mbo

urg

Denm

ark

Sout

h Ko

rea

Slove

nia

Cana

daFin

land

Irela

ndHu

ngar

yUn

ited

Stat

esOE

CD32

Latv

iaAu

stra

liaEs

toni

aSlo

vakia

Chile

Czec

h Re

publ

icSp

ain

Fran

ceNo

rway

Italy

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mNe

ther

land

sNe

w Ze

land

Switz

erla

ndM

exico

Number of Cigarette

62



Figure 4.4. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Consumers Who Consumed 6 or More Alcoholic Beverages at One Time in the Last 30 Days by Sex, (%), 2014

Source: Ministry of Health National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017, EUROSTAT EHIS 2014 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2017. Table 4.3. Distribution of Height and Weight Averages by Sex and Age Groups, (Self-Reported), 2016

Age Group Weight (kg) Height (cm)

Male Female Total Male Female Total

15-24 68,9 58,2 63,6 173,9 162,7 168,4

25-34 77,7 64,5 71,1 175,5 162,8 169,1

35-44 81,4 71,0 76,2 173,9 162,2 168,1

45-54 81,3 74,9 78,2 172,2 160,7 166,5

55-64 80,6 76,2 78,4 171,2 160,0 165,5

65-74 77,2 73,7 75,3 170,1 158,9 164,1

75+ 72,8 67,5 69,6 168,3 156,7 161,3

Turkey 77,4 68,4 72,8 173,2 161,4 167,2


3735 34 33

28

23 22 21 20 19 19 19 1715

1310 10

9 8

5

30

912

20

10

20

30

40

50De

nmar

k

Luxe

mbo

urg

Finl

and

Germ

any

Belg

ium

Esto

nia

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

m

OECD

18

Swed

en

Latv

ia

Slov

enia

Aust

ria

Pola

nd

Czec

h Re

publ

ic

Slov

akia

Gree

ce

Port

ugal

Spai

n

Hung

ary

Turk

ey

Total Male Female

%

Figure 4.4. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Consumers Who Consumed 6 or More Alcoholic Beverages at One Time in the Last 30 Days by Sex, (%), 2014

Source: Ministry of Health National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017, EUROSTAT EHIS 2014 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2017. Table 4.3. Distribution of Height and Weight Averages by Sex and Age Groups, (Self-Reported), 2016

Age Group Weight (kg) Height (cm)


15-24 68,9 58,2 63,6 173,9 162,7 168,4

25-34 77,7 64,5 71,1 175,5 162,8 169,1

35-44 81,4 71,0 76,2 173,9 162,2 168,1

45-54 81,3 74,9 78,2 172,2 160,7 166,5

55-64 80,6 76,2 78,4 171,2 160,0 165,5

65-74 77,2 73,7 75,3 170,1 158,9 164,1

75+ 72,8 67,5 69,6 168,3 156,7 161,3

Turkey 77,4 68,4 72,8 173,2 161,4 167,2


3735 34 33

28

23 22 21 20 19 19 19 1715

1310 10

9 8

5

30

912

20

10

20

30

40

50

Denm

ark

Luxe

mbo

urg

Finla

nd

Germ

any

Belgi

um

Esto

nia

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

m

OECD

18

Swed

en

Latv

ia

Slove

nia

Aust

ria

Pola

nd

Czec

h Re

publ

ic

Slova

kia

Gree

ce

Portu

gal

Spai

n

Hung

ary

Turk

ey

Total Male Female

%

63


Risk

Facto

rs


Table 4.4. Distribution of Body Mass Index of 15 and Over Aged Individuals by Sex, (Self-Reported), (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Year Sex Underweight Normal Pre-Obese Obese

2012

Male 2,7 44,7 39,0 13,7

Female 5,1 43,6 30,4 20,9

Total 3,9 44,2 34,8 17,2

2014

Male 2,8 43,7 38,2 15,3

Female 5,5 40,7 29,3 24,5

Total 4,2 42,2 33,7 19,9

2016

Male 2,5 43,8 38,6 15,2

Female 5,6 40,4 30,1 23,9

Total 4,0 42,1 34,3 19,6

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2012, 2014, 2016 Note: The phrase "overweight" has been changed with "pre-obese". Figure 4.5. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese and Pre-Obese Individuals (Self-Reported), (%), 2017


35 38 36 37 38 33 38 34 34 37 37 35 36 36 36 33 33 34 34 35 38 35 34 32 28 34 32 31 35 34 3124

31 19 19 19 17 21 16 20 20 17 17 18 17 17 16 19 19 17 16 15 10 13 14 16 20 13 15 15 11 1211

3

6657 56 55 55 55 54 54 54 53 53 53 53 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 48 48 48 48 48 47 47 46 46 46

4228

0

20

40

60

80

Unite

d St

ates

Finl

and

Slov

enia

Czec

h Re

publ

icGr

eece

Hung

ary

Slov

akia

Turk

eyCa

nada

Lithu

ania

Pola

ndIre

land

Spai

nPo

rtug

alGe

rman

yLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Denm

ark

OECD

31Isr

ael

Chile

Swed

enBe

lgiu

mLu

xem

bour

gAu

stra

liaNe

ther

land

sAu

stria

Fran

ceIta

lyNo

rway

Switz

erla

ndSo

uth

Kore

a

Obese and Pre- Obese Population (%)

Pre-Obese25≤BMI<30

ObeseBMI≥30



2012

Male 2,7 44,7 39,0 13,7

Female 5,1 43,6 30,4 20,9

Total 3,9 44,2 34,8 17,2

2014

Male 2,8 43,7 38,2 15,3

Female 5,5 40,7 29,3 24,5

Total 4,2 42,2 33,7 19,9

2016

Male 2,5 43,8 38,6 15,2

Female 5,6 40,4 30,1 23,9

Total 4,0 42,1 34,3 19,6



35 38 36 37 38 33 38 34 34 37 37 35 36 36 36 33 33 34 34 35 38 35 34 32 28 34 32 31 35 34 3124

31 19 19 19 17 21 16 20 20 17 17 18 17 17 16 19 19 17 16 15 10 13 14 16 20 13 15 15 11 1211

3

6657 56 55 55 55 54 54 54 53 53 53 53 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 48 48 48 48 48 47 47 46 46 46

4228

0

20

40

60

80

Unite

d St

ates

Finl

and

Slov

enia

Czec

h Re

publ

icGr

eece

Hung

ary

Slov

akia

Turk

eyCa

nada

Lithu

ania

Pola

ndIre

land

Spai

nPo

rtug

alGe

rman

yLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Denm

ark

OECD

31Isr

ael

Chile

Swed

enBe

lgiu

mLu

xem

bour

gAu

stra

liaNe

ther

land

sAu

stria

Fran

ceIta

lyNo

rway

Switz

erla

ndSo

uth

Kore

a



ObeseBMI≥30



2012

Male 2,7 44,7 39,0 13,7

Female 5,1 43,6 30,4 20,9

Total 3,9 44,2 34,8 17,2

2014

Male 2,8 43,7 38,2 15,3

Female 5,5 40,7 29,3 24,5

Total 4,2 42,2 33,7 19,9

2016

Male 2,5 43,8 38,6 15,2

Female 5,6 40,4 30,1 23,9

Total 4,0 42,1 34,3 19,6



35 38 36 37 38 33 38 34 34 37 37 35 36 36 36 33 33 34 34 35 38 35 34 32 28 34 32 31 35 34 3124

31 19 19 19 17 21 16 20 20 17 17 18 17 17 16 19 19 17 16 15 10 13 14 16 20 13 15 15 11 1211

3

6657 56 55 55 55 54 54 54 53 53 53 53 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 48 48 48 48 48 47 47 46 46 46

4228

0

20

40

60

80

Unite

d St

ates

Finl

and

Slov

enia

Czec

h Re

publ

icGr

eece

Hung

ary

Slov

akia

Turk

eyCa

nada

Lithu

ania

Pola

ndIre

land

Spai

nPo

rtug

alGe

rman

yLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Denm

ark

OECD

31Isr

ael

Chile

Swed

enBe

lgiu

mLu

xem

bour

gAu

stra

liaNe

ther

land

sAu

stria

Fran

ceIta

lyNo

rway

Switz

erla

ndSo

uth

Kore

a



ObeseBMI≥30



2012

Male 2,7 44,7 39,0 13,7

Female 5,1 43,6 30,4 20,9

Total 3,9 44,2 34,8 17,2

2014

Male 2,8 43,7 38,2 15,3

Female 5,5 40,7 29,3 24,5

Total 4,2 42,2 33,7 19,9

2016

Male 2,5 43,8 38,6 15,2

Female 5,6 40,4 30,1 23,9

Total 4,0 42,1 34,3 19,6



35 38 36 37 38 33 38 34 34 37 37 35 36 36 36 33 33 34 34 35 38 35 34 32 28 34 32 31 35 34 3124

31 19 19 19 17 21 16 20 20 17 17 18 17 17 16 19 19 17 16 15 10 13 14 16 20 13 15 15 11 1211

3

6657 56 55 55 55 54 54 54 53 53 53 53 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 48 48 48 48 48 47 47 46 46 46

4228

0

20

40

60

80

Unite

d St

ates

Finl

and

Slov

enia

Czec

h Re

publ

icGr

eece

Hung

ary

Slov

akia

Turk

eyCa

nada

Lithu

ania

Pola

ndIre

land

Spai

nPo

rtug

alGe

rman

yLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Denm

ark

OECD

31Isr

ael

Chile

Swed

enBe

lgiu

mLu

xem

bour

gAu

stra

liaNe

ther

land

sAu

stria

Fran

ceIta

lyNo

rway

Switz

erla

ndSo

uth

Kore

a



ObeseBMI≥30

64



Figure 4.6. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese (BMI≥30) Individuals by Sex (Self-Reported), (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2016. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.7. Distribution of Body Mass Index by Sex and Age Groups, (Measured), kg/m², 2017

Source: Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017

312221212020201919181818181717171616151515151514141313121212

84

United StatesHungarySloveniaCanada

AustraliaIrelandEstonia

Czech RepublicFinlandGreecePoland

GermanySpain

DenmarkLuxembourg

OECD31AustriaSlovakia

IsraelPortugalFranceTurkeyLatvia

SwedenBelgiumLithuaniaNorway

SwitzerlandNetherlands

ItalyChile

South Korea

3120

171919

161918

201616

151617

1417

1317

1418

1524

2312

1419

1110

159

122

30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30

Male Female

15-29 30-44 45-59 60-69 70+Male 23,9 27,1 28,4 28,9 28,4Female 23,7 28,0 31,3 33,1 32,1Total 23,8 27,5 29,9 31,1 30,5

22

24

26

28

30

32

34kg/m²

Figure 4.6. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese (BMI≥30) Individuals by Sex (Self-Reported), (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2016. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.7. Distribution of Body Mass Index by Sex and Age Groups, (Measured), kg/m², 2017


312221212020201919181818181717171616151515151514141313121212

84

United StatesHungarySloveniaCanada

AustraliaIrelandEstonia

Czech RepublicFinlandGreecePoland

GermanySpain

DenmarkLuxembourg

OECD31AustriaSlovakia

IsraelPortugalFranceTurkeyLatvia

SwedenBelgiumLithuaniaNorway

SwitzerlandNetherlands

ItalyChile

South Korea

3120

171919

161918

201616

151617

1417

1317

1418

1524

2312

1419

1110

159

122

30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30

Male Female

15-29 30-44 45-59 60-69 70+Male 23,9 27,1 28,4 28,9 28,4Female 23,7 28,0 31,3 33,1 32,1Total 23,8 27,5 29,9 31,1 30,5

22

24

26

28

30

32

34kg/m²

65


Risk

Facto

rs


Figure 4.8. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese and Pre-Obese Individuals (Measured), (%), 2017

Source: Ministry of Health National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.9. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese (BMI≥30) Individuals by Sex (Measured), (%), 2017

Source: Ministry of Health National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

40 39

31

41 39 34 35 36 36 32 39 36 33 34 36 34 31 35 33 32 32 32 28 22

34 33

40 27 29 32 30 29 29 30 23 24 26 24 23 21 23 17 18 19 19 17

5

4

74 73 71 68 68 67 65 64 64 62 62 60 59 58 58 55 55 52 51 51 51 49

34

26

0

20

40

60

80

Chile

Mex

ico

Unite

d St

ates

Finl

and

Port

ugal

New

Zel

and

Aust

ralia

Turk

ey

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

m

Hung

ary

Irela

nd

Germ

any

Cana

da

OECD

32

Luxe

mbo

urg

Czec

h Re

publ

ic

Latv

ia

Slov

akia

Esto

nia

Belg

ium

Israe

l

Fran

ce

Sout

h Ko

rea

Japa

n

Obese and Pre- Obese Population(%)


ObeseBMI≥30

38323130

282827262625242423232221

191918171717

55

United StatesAustralia

New ZelandChile

HungaryMexico

United KingdomCanadaFinland

PortugalIreland

LuxembourgGermanyOECD23Turkey

Czech RepublicLatviaIsrael

BelgiumEstoniaSlovakiaFrance

South KoreaJapan

4229

3438

3239

302628

322221

2425

3621

27191919

1717

54

40 30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40Male Female

Figure 4.8. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese and Pre-Obese Individuals (Measured), (%), 2017

Source: Ministry of Health National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.9. International Comparison of 15 and Over Aged Obese (BMI≥30) Individuals by Sex (Measured), (%), 2017

Source: Ministry of Health National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

40 39

31

41 39 34 35 36 36 32 39 36 33 34 36 34 31 35 33 32 32 32 28 22

34 33

40 27 29 32 30 29 29 30 23 24 26 24 23 21 23 17 18 19 19 17

5

4

74 73 71 68 68 67 65 64 64 62 62 60 59 58 58 55 55 52 51 51 51 49

34

26

0

20

40

60

80

Chile

Mex

ico

Unite

d St

ates

Finl

and

Port

ugal

New

Zel

and

Aust

ralia

Turk

ey

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

m

Hung

ary

Irela

nd

Germ

any

Cana

da

OECD

32

Luxe

mbo

urg

Czec

h Re

publ

ic

Latv

ia

Slov

akia

Esto

nia

Belg

ium

Israe

l

Fran

ce

Sout

h Ko

rea

Japa

n

Obese and Pre- Obese Population(%)


ObeseBMI≥30

38323130

282827262625242423232221

191918171717

55

United StatesAustralia

New ZelandChile

HungaryMexico

United KingdomCanadaFinland

PortugalIreland

LuxembourgGermanyOECD23Turkey

Czech RepublicLatviaIsrael

BelgiumEstoniaSlovakiaFrance

South KoreaJapan

4229

3438

3239

302628

322221

2425

3621

27191919

1717

54

40 30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40Male Female

66



Table 4.5. Distribution of Anthropometric Measurements of 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School by Z-Score, (%), 2016

Anthropometric Measurements Boy Girl Total

Obesity (2<BAZ) 11,3 8,5 9,9

Overweight (1<BAZ≤2) 13,6 15,7 14,6

Normal (-2<BAZ≤1) 73,5 74,5 74,0

Wasting (BAZ≤-2) 1,7 1,3 1,5

Underweight (WAZ<-2) 2,0 1,9 2,0

Stunting (HAZ<-2) 2,3 2,4 2,3

Source: Ministry of Health, Turkish Childhood (2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School) Obesity Research (COSI-TUR-2016) Note: BAZ: Body Mass Index Z-Score by Age, WAZ: Weight Z-Score by Age, HAZ: Height Z- Score by Age Table 4.6. Distribution of Feeding Time with Only Breast Milk, Average of Feeding Time with Breast Milk and BMI Z-Scores Obesity Ratio for 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School by NUTS-1, (%), 2016

NUTS-1 Feeding Time with Only Breast Milk (Month)

Average of Feeding Time with Breast Milk

(Month)

BMI Z-Scores Obesity Ratio (%)

Istanbul 4,5 15,5 13,4

Western Marmara 4,4 14,7 12,8

Aegean 4,4 15,4 15,9

Eastern Marmara 4,3 16,0 9,2

Western Anatolia 4,4 16,1 10,5

Mediterranean 4,7 15,1 9,2

Central Anatolia 4,5 15,7 9,9

Western Blacksea 4,9 16,5 12,8

Eastern Blacksea 4,5 15,7 12,0

Northeastern Anatolia 4,4 16,6 5,5

Mideastern Anatolia 4,5 16,2 5,4

Southeastern Anatolia 4,3 14,8 4,5

Total 4,5 15,6 9,9

Source: Ministry of Health, Turkish Childhood (2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School) Obesity Research (COSI-TUR-2016)

Table 4.5. Distribution of Anthropometric Measurements of 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School by Z-Score, (%), 2016

Anthropometric Measurements Boy Girl Total

Obesity (2<BAZ) 11,3 8,5 9,9

Overweight (1<BAZ≤2) 13,6 15,7 14,6

Normal (-2<BAZ≤1) 73,5 74,5 74,0

Wasting (BAZ≤-2) 1,7 1,3 1,5

Underweight (WAZ<-2) 2,0 1,9 2,0

Stunting (HAZ<-2) 2,3 2,4 2,3

Source: Ministry of Health, Turkish Childhood (2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School) Obesity Research (COSI-TUR-2016) Note: BAZ: Body Mass Index Z-Score by Age, WAZ: Weight Z-Score by Age, HAZ: Height Z- Score by Age Table 4.6. Distribution of Feeding Time with Only Breast Milk, Average of Feeding Time with Breast Milk and BMI Z-Scores Obesity Ratio for 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School by NUTS-1, (%), 2016

NUTS-1 Feeding Time with Only Breast Milk (Month)

Average of Feeding Time with Breast Milk

(Month)

BMI Z-Scores Obesity Ratio (%)

Istanbul 4,5 15,5 13,4


Aegean 4,4 15,4 15,9










Total 4,5 15,6 9,9


67


Risk

Facto

rs


Table 4.7. Distribution of Breastfeeding Status of Children Under Two Years by Age (in Months), (%), 2018

Breastfeeding Age (in Months) Status

0-3 0-5 6-9 12-15 12-23 20-23

Not breastfeeding 5,5 7,5 17,1 34,4 47,3 66,5

Exclusively breastfed 52,4 40,7 3,0 0,0 0,0 0,0

Breastfeeding and consuming plain water only 14,6 15,3 3,4 0,8 0,7 0,0

Breastfeeding and consuming non milk liquids* 1,3 1,8 3,0 0,6 0,4 0,0

Breastfeeding and consuming other milk 24,2 22,9 2,0 0,2 0,3 0,8

Breastfeeding and consuming complementary foods 2,0 11,8 71,6 64,0 51,3 32,7

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100

Source: TDHS 2018 * Non-milk liquids include juice, juice drinks, clear broth or other liquids. Figure 4.10. Distribution of Exclusive Breastfeeding of Infants in First 6 Months and 6-9 Months by Years, (%)

Source: TDHS 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018

20,8

41,6

30,1

40,7

1,7 1,6 2,4 3,0

0

10

20

30

40

50

TDHS 2003 TDHS 2008 TDHS 2013 TDHS 2018

%

<6 Month 6-9 Month

Table 4.7. Distribution of Breastfeeding Status of Children Under Two Years by Age (in Months), (%), 2018

Breastfeeding Age (in Months) Status

0-3 0-5 6-9 12-15 12-23 20-23

Not breastfeeding 5,5 7,5 17,1 34,4 47,3 66,5

Exclusively breastfed 52,4 40,7 3,0 0,0 0,0 0,0

Breastfeeding and consuming plain water only 14,6 15,3 3,4 0,8 0,7 0,0

Breastfeeding and consuming non milk liquids* 1,3 1,8 3,0 0,6 0,4 0,0

Breastfeeding and consuming other milk 24,2 22,9 2,0 0,2 0,3 0,8

Breastfeeding and consuming complementary foods 2,0 11,8 71,6 64,0 51,3 32,7

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100

Source: TDHS 2018 * Non-milk liquids include juice, juice drinks, clear broth or other liquids. Figure 4.10. Distribution of Exclusive Breastfeeding of Infants in First 6 Months and 6-9 Months by Years, (%)

Source: TDHS 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018

20,8

41,6

30,1

40,7

1,7 1,6 2,4 3,0

0

10

20

30

40

50

TDHS 2003 TDHS 2008 TDHS 2013 TDHS 2018

%

<6 Month 6-9 Month

68



Figure 4.11. Median Duration of Breastfeeding Among Children Under 3 Age by Years, (in Month)

Source: TDHS 2018

Table 4.8. Distribution of the Consumption Frequencies of Some Foods and Drinks by 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Grade Students in Primary School (Self-Reported by Families), (%), 2016

Foods Every Day 4-6 Times a Week

1-3 Times a Week

Less than Once a Week Never

Fresh Fruit 50,4 24,5 18,5 4,6 1,9

Cheese 39,8 19,1 20,1 7,6 13,4 Yoghurt, Ayran (Drink made of yoghurt and water) 37,3 30,0 22,1 5,7 4,9

Whole Milk 22,9 17,8 23,5 12,8 23,0

Low-Fat/Semi-Skimmed Milk 14,7 13,2 21,6 13,5 37,0

100% Canned Fruit Juice 14,4 14,1 29,6 20,7 21,1

Vegetables(except potatoes) 13,0 25,3 41,8 13,2 6,7

Candy Bars or Chocolate 12,5 20,2 36,3 24,9 6,1

Biscuit, Cake, Cookie, etc. 11,9 25,3 39,2 20,0 3,5

Flavoured Milk 9,6 11,7 23,9 18,6 36,2

Carbonated Drinks Including Sugar 7,7 10,7 28,2 28,2 25,2

Chips, Pop Corn 7,6 13,7 29,6 34,6 14,5

Meat 7,0 26,3 41,8 18,9 6,1

Freshly Squeezed Fruit Juice 6,8 10,7 29,9 22,7 29,9

Pudding with Milk 4,7 11,1 31,0 32,6 20,5 Pizza, Turkish Bread with Ground Meat, Fried Potato Chips, Burger etc. 3,8 11,8 33,0 38,7 12,7

Fish 2,2 9,5 33,4 40,3 14,6

Kefir 1,7 2,1 5,3 5,7 85,3

Diet Carbonated Drinks (except milk) 1,2 1,4 4,2 4,6 88,6


12 12

14

1617 17

0,5 0,4 0,71,8 1,2 1,8

0

5

10

15

20

TDHS 1993 TDHS 1998 TDHS 2003 TDHS 2008 TDHS 2013 TDHS 2018

Month

Breastfeeding Exclusively Breastfed


Source: TDHS 2018



1-3 Times a Week


Fresh Fruit 50,4 24,5 18,5 4,6 1,9


Whole Milk 22,9 17,8 23,5 12,8 23,0






Flavoured Milk 9,6 11,7 23,9 18,6 36,2


Chips, Pop Corn 7,6 13,7 29,6 34,6 14,5

Meat 7,0 26,3 41,8 18,9 6,1



Fish 2,2 9,5 33,4 40,3 14,6

Kefir 1,7 2,1 5,3 5,7 85,3



12 12

14

1617 17

0,5 0,4 0,71,8 1,2 1,8

0

5

10

15

20


Month



Source: TDHS 2018



1-3 Times a Week


Fresh Fruit 50,4 24,5 18,5 4,6 1,9


Whole Milk 22,9 17,8 23,5 12,8 23,0






Flavoured Milk 9,6 11,7 23,9 18,6 36,2


Chips, Pop Corn 7,6 13,7 29,6 34,6 14,5

Meat 7,0 26,3 41,8 18,9 6,1



Fish 2,2 9,5 33,4 40,3 14,6

Kefir 1,7 2,1 5,3 5,7 85,3



12 12

14

1617 17

0,5 0,4 0,71,8 1,2 1,8

0

5

10

15

20


Month



Source: TDHS 2018



1-3 Times a Week


Fresh Fruit 50,4 24,5 18,5 4,6 1,9


Whole Milk 22,9 17,8 23,5 12,8 23,0






Flavoured Milk 9,6 11,7 23,9 18,6 36,2


Chips, Pop Corn 7,6 13,7 29,6 34,6 14,5

Meat 7,0 26,3 41,8 18,9 6,1



Fish 2,2 9,5 33,4 40,3 14,6

Kefir 1,7 2,1 5,3 5,7 85,3



12 12

14

1617 17

0,5 0,4 0,71,8 1,2 1,8

0

5

10

15

20


Month


69


Risk

Facto

rs


Table 4.9. Distribution of Eating Fresh Fruit Habits by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2014, 2016

Fruit Consumption Age Group 2014 2016


Once

a D

ay o

r Mor

e

15-24 40,4 43,3 41,8 47,9 48,5 48,2

25-34 42,1 46,9 44,5 43,4 51,1 47,2

35-44 44,7 47,6 46,2 46,3 50,7 48,5

45-54 48,9 54,0 51,4 54,2 57,1 55,7

55-64 55,6 56,9 56,3 59,4 60,0 59,7

65-74 54,1 51,0 52,5 60,5 59,1 59,7

75+ 48,9 51,5 50,5 58,0 50,9 53,7

Turkey 45,9 49,0 47,5 50,2 53,1 51,6

4-6

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 17,7 19,0 18,4 18,2 17,0 17,6

25-34 20,1 15,9 18,0 16,8 15,7 16,3

35-44 18,4 16,1 17,3 17,9 16,6 17,2

45-54 17,7 15,9 16,8 16,7 15,5 16,1

55-64 15,3 17,3 16,3 15,8 16,4 16,1

65-74 19,5 19,8 19,6 16,5 15,7 16,0

75+ 21,9 17,8 19,4 18,6 20,8 20,0

Turkey 18,4 17,1 17,7 17,2 16,4 16,8

1-3

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 31,5 27,2 29,4 25,9 25,7 25,8

25-34 26,7 25,7 26,2 30,4 25,8 28,1

35-44 27,6 24,7 26,1 25,9 24,4 25,2

45-54 23,8 20,0 21,9 21,8 20,9 21,4

55-64 20,7 19,0 19,9 20,0 18,4 19,2

65-74 19,5 21,0 20,3 18,7 19,0 18,9

75+ 21,6 21,4 21,5 20,6 22,2 21,6

Turkey 26,1 23,7 24,9 24,9 23,2 24,0

Less

Tha

n On

ce a

Wee

k

15-24 7,6 7,1 7,4 6,4 6,6 6,5

25-34 8,9 8,4 8,7 7,1 5,3 6,2

35-44 7,6 8,6 8,1 8,1 6,5 7,3

45-54 7,4 7,2 7,3 5,9 5,3 5,6

55-64 5,9 5,0 5,4 3,7 4,5 4,1

65-74 4,9 6,6 5,8 3,8 4,9 4,4

75+ 6,2 8,0 7,2 2,1 4,8 3,7

Turkey 7,5 7,5 7,5 6,2 5,7 5,9

Neve

r

15-24 2,8 3,4 3,1 1,6 2,3 1,9

25-34 2,1 3,1 2,6 2,3 2,2 2,2

35-44 1,7 3,0 2,3 1,8 1,8 1,8

45-54 2,2 2,9 2,5 1,4 1,2 1,3

55-64 2,5 1,8 2,1 1,0 0,7 0,9

65-74 2,1 1,6 1,8 0,6 1,4 1,0

75+ 1,5 1,4 1,4 0,7 1,2 1,0

Turkey 2,2 2,8 2,5 1,6 1,7 1,6

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2014, 2016




Once

a D

ay o

r Mor

e

15-24 40,4 43,3 41,8 47,9 48,5 48,2

25-34 42,1 46,9 44,5 43,4 51,1 47,2

35-44 44,7 47,6 46,2 46,3 50,7 48,5

45-54 48,9 54,0 51,4 54,2 57,1 55,7

55-64 55,6 56,9 56,3 59,4 60,0 59,7

65-74 54,1 51,0 52,5 60,5 59,1 59,7

75+ 48,9 51,5 50,5 58,0 50,9 53,7

Turkey 45,9 49,0 47,5 50,2 53,1 51,6

4-6

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 17,7 19,0 18,4 18,2 17,0 17,6

25-34 20,1 15,9 18,0 16,8 15,7 16,3

35-44 18,4 16,1 17,3 17,9 16,6 17,2

45-54 17,7 15,9 16,8 16,7 15,5 16,1

55-64 15,3 17,3 16,3 15,8 16,4 16,1

65-74 19,5 19,8 19,6 16,5 15,7 16,0

75+ 21,9 17,8 19,4 18,6 20,8 20,0

Turkey 18,4 17,1 17,7 17,2 16,4 16,8

1-3

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 31,5 27,2 29,4 25,9 25,7 25,8

25-34 26,7 25,7 26,2 30,4 25,8 28,1

35-44 27,6 24,7 26,1 25,9 24,4 25,2

45-54 23,8 20,0 21,9 21,8 20,9 21,4

55-64 20,7 19,0 19,9 20,0 18,4 19,2

65-74 19,5 21,0 20,3 18,7 19,0 18,9

75+ 21,6 21,4 21,5 20,6 22,2 21,6

Turkey 26,1 23,7 24,9 24,9 23,2 24,0

Less

Tha

n On

ce a

Wee

k

15-24 7,6 7,1 7,4 6,4 6,6 6,5

25-34 8,9 8,4 8,7 7,1 5,3 6,2

35-44 7,6 8,6 8,1 8,1 6,5 7,3

45-54 7,4 7,2 7,3 5,9 5,3 5,6

55-64 5,9 5,0 5,4 3,7 4,5 4,1

65-74 4,9 6,6 5,8 3,8 4,9 4,4

75+ 6,2 8,0 7,2 2,1 4,8 3,7

Turkey 7,5 7,5 7,5 6,2 5,7 5,9

Neve

r

15-24 2,8 3,4 3,1 1,6 2,3 1,9

25-34 2,1 3,1 2,6 2,3 2,2 2,2

35-44 1,7 3,0 2,3 1,8 1,8 1,8

45-54 2,2 2,9 2,5 1,4 1,2 1,3

55-64 2,5 1,8 2,1 1,0 0,7 0,9

65-74 2,1 1,6 1,8 0,6 1,4 1,0

75+ 1,5 1,4 1,4 0,7 1,2 1,0

Turkey 2,2 2,8 2,5 1,6 1,7 1,6





Once

a D

ay o

r Mor

e

15-24 40,4 43,3 41,8 47,9 48,5 48,2

25-34 42,1 46,9 44,5 43,4 51,1 47,2

35-44 44,7 47,6 46,2 46,3 50,7 48,5

45-54 48,9 54,0 51,4 54,2 57,1 55,7

55-64 55,6 56,9 56,3 59,4 60,0 59,7

65-74 54,1 51,0 52,5 60,5 59,1 59,7

75+ 48,9 51,5 50,5 58,0 50,9 53,7

Turkey 45,9 49,0 47,5 50,2 53,1 51,6

4-6

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 17,7 19,0 18,4 18,2 17,0 17,6

25-34 20,1 15,9 18,0 16,8 15,7 16,3

35-44 18,4 16,1 17,3 17,9 16,6 17,2

45-54 17,7 15,9 16,8 16,7 15,5 16,1

55-64 15,3 17,3 16,3 15,8 16,4 16,1

65-74 19,5 19,8 19,6 16,5 15,7 16,0

75+ 21,9 17,8 19,4 18,6 20,8 20,0

Turkey 18,4 17,1 17,7 17,2 16,4 16,8

1-3

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 31,5 27,2 29,4 25,9 25,7 25,8

25-34 26,7 25,7 26,2 30,4 25,8 28,1

35-44 27,6 24,7 26,1 25,9 24,4 25,2

45-54 23,8 20,0 21,9 21,8 20,9 21,4

55-64 20,7 19,0 19,9 20,0 18,4 19,2

65-74 19,5 21,0 20,3 18,7 19,0 18,9

75+ 21,6 21,4 21,5 20,6 22,2 21,6

Turkey 26,1 23,7 24,9 24,9 23,2 24,0

Less

Tha

n On

ce a

Wee

k

15-24 7,6 7,1 7,4 6,4 6,6 6,5

25-34 8,9 8,4 8,7 7,1 5,3 6,2

35-44 7,6 8,6 8,1 8,1 6,5 7,3

45-54 7,4 7,2 7,3 5,9 5,3 5,6

55-64 5,9 5,0 5,4 3,7 4,5 4,1

65-74 4,9 6,6 5,8 3,8 4,9 4,4

75+ 6,2 8,0 7,2 2,1 4,8 3,7

Turkey 7,5 7,5 7,5 6,2 5,7 5,9

Neve

r

15-24 2,8 3,4 3,1 1,6 2,3 1,9

25-34 2,1 3,1 2,6 2,3 2,2 2,2

35-44 1,7 3,0 2,3 1,8 1,8 1,8

45-54 2,2 2,9 2,5 1,4 1,2 1,3

55-64 2,5 1,8 2,1 1,0 0,7 0,9

65-74 2,1 1,6 1,8 0,6 1,4 1,0

75+ 1,5 1,4 1,4 0,7 1,2 1,0

Turkey 2,2 2,8 2,5 1,6 1,7 1,6


70



Table 4.10. Distribution of Eating Vegetable or Salad Habits by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2014, 2016

Vegetable or Salad

Consumption Age Group

2014 2016

Male Female Total Male Female Total On

ce a

Day

or M

ore

15-24 52,0 59,2 55,6 53,9 58,3 56,1

25-34 56,1 61,3 58,7 53,2 62,1 57,6

35-44 58,3 63,8 61,0 59,9 63,7 61,8

45-54 59,2 66,1 62,6 64,5 67,3 65,9

55-64 66,4 68,7 67,5 65,4 66,2 65,8

65-74 63,2 60,4 61,7 66,5 64,4 65,4

75+ 55,1 61,2 58,7 58,8 55,1 56,6

Turkey 57,7 62,9 60,3 59,0 62,8 60,9

4-6

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 19,9 18,7 19,3 19,4 20,5 19,9

25-34 20,9 19,4 20,1 21,0 20,3 20,7

35-44 19,6 17,7 18,7 19,7 19,8 19,8

45-54 20,7 18,8 19,7 17,8 18,3 18,0

55-64 18,6 17,0 17,8 17,7 20,0 18,9

65-74 23,1 22,6 22,9 18,1 17,9 18,0

75+ 25,2 18,9 21,4 19,7 23,1 21,7

Turkey 20,4 18,8 19,6 19,3 19,9 19,6

1-3

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 22,0 18,2 20,1 21,1 17,1 19,1

25-34 18,6 16,4 17,5 20,9 15,5 18,2

35-44 18,9 15,5 17,2 16,5 14,1 15,3

45-54 17,0 12,5 14,8 13,8 11,8 12,8

55-64 12,8 12,0 12,4 15,0 12,1 13,6

65-74 10,7 13,7 12,3 12,3 14,3 13,3

75+ 15,7 15,4 15,5 18,7 17,5 18,0

Turkey 17,9 15,2 16,6 17,6 14,6 16,1

Less

Tha

n On

ce a

Wee

k

15-24 4,4 2,6 3,5 4,2 3,3 3,8

25-34 3,5 2,4 2,9 3,7 1,6 2,6

35-44 2,6 2,6 2,6 3,2 2,0 2,6

45-54 2,5 2,0 2,2 3,4 2,4 2,9

55-64 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,6 1,6

65-74 2,0 3,1 2,6 2,8 2,7 2,8

75+ 3,3 3,5 3,4 1,8 2,7 2,4

Turkey 3,0 2,4 2,7 3,3 2,3 2,8

Neve

r

15-24 1,7 1,3 1,5 1,4 0,8 1,1

25-34 1,0 0,5 0,8 1,2 0,5 0,8

35-44 0,6 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,4 0,5

45-54 0,7 0,6 0,7 0,5 0,3 0,4

55-64 0,7 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,0 0,2

65-74 1,0 0,2 0,5 0,3 0,7 0,5

75+ 0,7 1,0 0,9 1,1 1,6 1,4

Turkey 1,0 0,7 0,8 0,9 0,5 0,7



Vegetable or Salad


2014 2016


Once

a D

ay o

r Mor

e 15-24 52,0 59,2 55,6 53,9 58,3 56,1

25-34 56,1 61,3 58,7 53,2 62,1 57,6

35-44 58,3 63,8 61,0 59,9 63,7 61,8

45-54 59,2 66,1 62,6 64,5 67,3 65,9

55-64 66,4 68,7 67,5 65,4 66,2 65,8

65-74 63,2 60,4 61,7 66,5 64,4 65,4

75+ 55,1 61,2 58,7 58,8 55,1 56,6

Turkey 57,7 62,9 60,3 59,0 62,8 60,9

4-6

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 19,9 18,7 19,3 19,4 20,5 19,9

25-34 20,9 19,4 20,1 21,0 20,3 20,7

35-44 19,6 17,7 18,7 19,7 19,8 19,8

45-54 20,7 18,8 19,7 17,8 18,3 18,0

55-64 18,6 17,0 17,8 17,7 20,0 18,9

65-74 23,1 22,6 22,9 18,1 17,9 18,0

75+ 25,2 18,9 21,4 19,7 23,1 21,7

Turkey 20,4 18,8 19,6 19,3 19,9 19,6

1-3

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 22,0 18,2 20,1 21,1 17,1 19,1

25-34 18,6 16,4 17,5 20,9 15,5 18,2

35-44 18,9 15,5 17,2 16,5 14,1 15,3

45-54 17,0 12,5 14,8 13,8 11,8 12,8

55-64 12,8 12,0 12,4 15,0 12,1 13,6

65-74 10,7 13,7 12,3 12,3 14,3 13,3

75+ 15,7 15,4 15,5 18,7 17,5 18,0

Turkey 17,9 15,2 16,6 17,6 14,6 16,1

Less

Tha

n On

ce a

Wee

k

15-24 4,4 2,6 3,5 4,2 3,3 3,8

25-34 3,5 2,4 2,9 3,7 1,6 2,6

35-44 2,6 2,6 2,6 3,2 2,0 2,6

45-54 2,5 2,0 2,2 3,4 2,4 2,9

55-64 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,6 1,6

65-74 2,0 3,1 2,6 2,8 2,7 2,8

75+ 3,3 3,5 3,4 1,8 2,7 2,4

Turkey 3,0 2,4 2,7 3,3 2,3 2,8

Neve

r

15-24 1,7 1,3 1,5 1,4 0,8 1,1

25-34 1,0 0,5 0,8 1,2 0,5 0,8

35-44 0,6 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,4 0,5

45-54 0,7 0,6 0,7 0,5 0,3 0,4

55-64 0,7 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,0 0,2

65-74 1,0 0,2 0,5 0,3 0,7 0,5

75+ 0,7 1,0 0,9 1,1 1,6 1,4

Turkey 1,0 0,7 0,8 0,9 0,5 0,7



Vegetable or Salad


2014 2016

Male Female Total Male Female Total On

ce a

Day

or M

ore

15-24 52,0 59,2 55,6 53,9 58,3 56,1

25-34 56,1 61,3 58,7 53,2 62,1 57,6

35-44 58,3 63,8 61,0 59,9 63,7 61,8

45-54 59,2 66,1 62,6 64,5 67,3 65,9

55-64 66,4 68,7 67,5 65,4 66,2 65,8

65-74 63,2 60,4 61,7 66,5 64,4 65,4

75+ 55,1 61,2 58,7 58,8 55,1 56,6

Turkey 57,7 62,9 60,3 59,0 62,8 60,9

4-6

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 19,9 18,7 19,3 19,4 20,5 19,9

25-34 20,9 19,4 20,1 21,0 20,3 20,7

35-44 19,6 17,7 18,7 19,7 19,8 19,8

45-54 20,7 18,8 19,7 17,8 18,3 18,0

55-64 18,6 17,0 17,8 17,7 20,0 18,9

65-74 23,1 22,6 22,9 18,1 17,9 18,0

75+ 25,2 18,9 21,4 19,7 23,1 21,7

Turkey 20,4 18,8 19,6 19,3 19,9 19,6

1-3

Tim

es a

Wee

k

15-24 22,0 18,2 20,1 21,1 17,1 19,1

25-34 18,6 16,4 17,5 20,9 15,5 18,2

35-44 18,9 15,5 17,2 16,5 14,1 15,3

45-54 17,0 12,5 14,8 13,8 11,8 12,8

55-64 12,8 12,0 12,4 15,0 12,1 13,6

65-74 10,7 13,7 12,3 12,3 14,3 13,3

75+ 15,7 15,4 15,5 18,7 17,5 18,0

Turkey 17,9 15,2 16,6 17,6 14,6 16,1

Less

Tha

n On

ce a

Wee

k

15-24 4,4 2,6 3,5 4,2 3,3 3,8

25-34 3,5 2,4 2,9 3,7 1,6 2,6

35-44 2,6 2,6 2,6 3,2 2,0 2,6

45-54 2,5 2,0 2,2 3,4 2,4 2,9

55-64 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,6 1,6

65-74 2,0 3,1 2,6 2,8 2,7 2,8

75+ 3,3 3,5 3,4 1,8 2,7 2,4

Turkey 3,0 2,4 2,7 3,3 2,3 2,8

Neve

r

15-24 1,7 1,3 1,5 1,4 0,8 1,1

25-34 1,0 0,5 0,8 1,2 0,5 0,8

35-44 0,6 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,4 0,5

45-54 0,7 0,6 0,7 0,5 0,3 0,4

55-64 0,7 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,0 0,2

65-74 1,0 0,2 0,5 0,3 0,7 0,5

75+ 0,7 1,0 0,9 1,1 1,6 1,4

Turkey 1,0 0,7 0,8 0,9 0,5 0,7


71


Risk

Facto

rs


Figure 4.12. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Fruit Consumption Once a Day or More by Sex, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2016. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.13. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Vegetable or Salad Consumption Once a Day or More by Sex, (%), 2017


9388

7672

676160585755555353525151515049494847464545444342414039373636

2018

AustraliaSpain

New ZelandItaly

PortugalSouth Korea

CanadaIsrael

United KingdomIreland

United StatesHungarySloveniaPoland

SwitzerlandOECD35GreeceTurkey

SwedenFrance

BelgiumIcelandNorwayAustria

DenmarkEstonia

LuxembourgLithuaniaMexicoSlovakiaGermany

Czech RepublicNetherlands

ChileLatvia

Finland

968084

7975

7073

706868

626569

6468

6359

5368

61595861

66595957

5345

545656

5244

3841

100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100Male Female

9999

9592

756867

60605959585757565555545151504949494743424038373634343331

25

South KoreaAustralia

New ZelandUnited States

BelgiumIsrael

IrelandUnited Kingdom

SwedenSwitzerland

TurkeyIcelandMexicoGreece

ItalySloveniaOECD35

ChileFrancePoland

LithuaniaEstoniaCanadaPortugalNorway

LuxembourgHungaryAustriaSlovakiaLatviaSpain

DenmarkCzech Republic

FinlandNetherlands

Germany

9999

9692

817878

707576

6368

58676666656563

605860636163

6150

55504948

5448

5537

43

100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100Male Female

Figure 4.12. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Fruit Consumption Once a Day or More by Sex, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2016. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 4.13. International Comparison of Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Vegetable or Salad Consumption Once a Day or More by Sex, (%), 2017


9388

7672

676160585755555353525151515049494847464545444342414039373636

2018

AustraliaSpain

New ZelandItaly

PortugalSouth Korea

CanadaIsrael

United KingdomIreland

United StatesHungarySloveniaPoland

SwitzerlandOECD35GreeceTurkey

SwedenFrance

BelgiumIcelandNorwayAustria

DenmarkEstonia

LuxembourgLithuaniaMexicoSlovakiaGermany

Czech RepublicNetherlands

ChileLatvia

Finland

968084

7975

7073

706868

626569

6468

6359

5368

61595861

66595957

5345

545656

5244

3841

100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100Male Female

9999

9592

756867

60605959585757565555545151504949494743424038373634343331

25

South KoreaAustralia

New ZelandUnited States

BelgiumIsrael

IrelandUnited Kingdom

SwedenSwitzerland

TurkeyIcelandMexicoGreece

ItalySloveniaOECD35

ChileFrancePoland

LithuaniaEstoniaCanadaPortugalNorway

LuxembourgHungaryAustriaSlovakiaLatviaSpain

DenmarkCzech Republic

FinlandNetherlands

Germany

9999

9692

817878

707576

6368

58676666656563

605860636163

6150

55504948

5448

5537

43

100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100Male Female

72



Table 4.11. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Benefit from Preventive Services in the Last 12 Months by Sex, (%), 2016

Measurements Male Female Total

Blood Pressure Measurement 41,1 55,9 48,6

Blood Sugar Measurement 32,0 47,2 39,7

Blood Cholesterol Measurement 29,4 43,8 36,7

Faecal Occult Blood Test 9,8 13,0 11,4

Vaccinated Against Flu 2,9 2,4 2,6

Colonoscopy 2,2 2,8 2,5


Figure 4.14. Distribution of Individuals with HbA1c≥6,5% or Currently Receiving Diabetes Treatment by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2017


2,3

7,0

22,4

32,5 32,7

12,7

1,9

6,6

22,3

35,9 34,8

13,3

1,4

6,1

22,2

39,036,2

13,8

0

10

20

30

40

50

15-29 30-44 45-59 60-69 70+ Total

%

Male Total Female

Table 4.11. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Benefit from Preventive Services in the Last 12 Months by Sex, (%), 2016

Measurements Male Female Total

Blood Pressure Measurement 41,1 55,9 48,6

Blood Sugar Measurement 32,0 47,2 39,7

Blood Cholesterol Measurement 29,4 43,8 36,7

Faecal Occult Blood Test 9,8 13,0 11,4

Vaccinated Against Flu 2,9 2,4 2,6

Colonoscopy 2,2 2,8 2,5


Figure 4.14. Distribution of Individuals with HbA1c≥6,5% or Currently Receiving Diabetes Treatment by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2017


2,3

7,0

22,4

32,5 32,7

12,7

1,9

6,6

22,3

35,9 34,8

13,3

1,4

6,1

22,2

39,036,2

13,8

0

10

20

30

40

50

15-29 30-44 45-59 60-69 70+ Total

%

Male Total Female

73


Risk

Facto

rs


Figure 4.15. Comparison of Distribution of Individuals with HbA1c≥6,5% or Currently Receiving Diabetes Treatment and Individuals with HbA1c≥6,5% by Age Groups, (%), 2017


Figure 4.16. International Comparison of Age Standardized Diabetes Prevalence for 20-79 Age Group, (%), (World Standard Population), 2017

Source: IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th Edition, 2017 Note: Diabetes prevalence refers to individuals with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in the 20-79 age group. Country values were age-standardized with World Standard Population by the IDF group.

15-29 30-44 45-59 60-69 70+HbA1c≥6,5% or Currently

Receiving Diabetes Treatment 1,9 6,6 22,3 35,9 34,8

HbA1c≥6,5% 1,5 5,4 21,3 32,3 32,9

0

10

20

30

40%

12,1

9,28,5 8,2 7,9

6,1

0

5

10


Countries

Global OECD High IncomeGroup Countries

EU

%

Figure 4.15. Comparison of Distribution of Individuals with HbA1c≥6,5% or Currently Receiving Diabetes Treatment and Individuals with HbA1c≥6,5% by Age Groups, (%), 2017


Figure 4.16. International Comparison of Age Standardized Diabetes Prevalence for 20-79 Age Group, (%), (World Standard Population), 2017

Source: IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th Edition, 2017 Note: Diabetes prevalence refers to individuals with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in the 20-79 age group. Country values were age-standardized with World Standard Population by the IDF group.

15-29 30-44 45-59 60-69 70+HbA1c≥6,5% or Currently

Receiving Diabetes Treatment 1,9 6,6 22,3 35,9 34,8

HbA1c≥6,5% 1,5 5,4 21,3 32,3 32,9

0

10

20

30

40%

12,1

9,28,5 8,2 7,9

6,1

0

5

10


Countries

Global OECD High IncomeGroup Countries

EU

%

74



Table 4.12. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Total Cholesterol and Fasting Triglycerides Levels by Sex, (%), 2017

Male Female Total

Total Cholesterol ≥190 mg/dl 20,9 28,5 24,7

≥240 mg/dl 6,5 9,5 8,0

Low HDL(High Density Lipoprotein) 55,6 49,1 52,3

Fasting Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl 30,2 21,0 25,6

≥180 mg/dl 19,9 13,6 16,7

Source: Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017Note: Individuals using drugs were also included in the calculation of total cholesterol. Low HDL threshold was considered as <40 mg/dl for men and <50 mg/dl for women.

Table 4.13. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Salt Consumption Habit by Sex, (%), 2017

Salt Consumption Habit Male Female Total

Always or often add salt before eating or when eating 29,3 26,8 28,1

Always or often add salt when cooking or preparing food at home 25,9 26,1 26,0

Always or often consume processed food high in salt (sausage, processed meat etc.) 27,8 23,3 25,5


Figure 4.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals’ Average Consumption of Salt in a Day by Sex and Years, (gram/day)

Source: 2008 SALTurk-I, 2012 SALTurk-II, Ministry of Health National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017

19,3

16,818,0

15,714,0 14,8

11,0

8,79,9

0

5

10

15

20

25

Male Female Total

gr/day

2008 2012 2017


Male Female Total


≥240 mg/dl 6,5 9,5 8,0



≥180 mg/dl 19,9 13,6 16,7










19,3

16,818,0

15,714,0 14,8

11,0

8,79,9

0

5

10

15

20

25

Male Female Total

gr/day

2008 2012 2017


Male Female Total


≥240 mg/dl 6,5 9,5 8,0



≥180 mg/dl 19,9 13,6 16,7










19,3

16,818,0

15,714,0 14,8

11,0

8,79,9

0

5

10

15

20

25

Male Female Total

gr/day

2008 2012 2017

75


Risk

Facto

rs


Table 4.14. Distribution of Individuals’ Physical Activity Status by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2017

Age Group Male Female Total

Low Middle High Low Middle High Low Middle High

15-29 31,7 25,6 42,6 56,2 29,3 14,5 43,8 27,4 28,7

30-44 37,3 23,4 39,2 58,0 28,2 13,9 47,7 25,8 26,5

45-59 37,5 28,5 34,0 58,4 26,3 15,3 48,0 27,4 24,6

60-69 47,2 30,8 22,0 72,1 19,1 8,8 60,2 24,7 15,1

70+ 51,5 29,1 19,5 84,9 10,9 4,3 70,6 18,6 10,8

Total 37,4 26,3 36,3 61,1 25,8 13,1 49,4 26,0 24,6

Source: Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017 Table 4.15. Distribution of Individuals Who Felt Physical Pain in the Last 4 Weeks by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Age Group 2012 2014 2016


15-24 5,2 7,4 6,3 13,1 16,4 14,7 8,6 13,5 11,0

25-34 8,9 14,5 11,7 13,9 27,1 20,5 11,8 21,1 16,4

35-44 13,7 21,3 17,5 19,5 38,4 28,9 16,0 28,9 22,4

45-54 14,5 32,4 23,4 22,5 45,8 34,1 20,3 40,1 30,2

55-64 18,8 44,0 31,6 24,4 53,1 38,9 19,6 44,4 32,2

65-74 28,4 56,4 43,7 37,1 61,4 50,3 34,7 57,9 47,2

75+ 48,8 66,1 59,1 49,0 66,7 59,6 47,7 69,4 60,8

Turkey 13,3 25,2 19,3 20,0 37,3 28,7 17,0 32,0 24,6


Table 4.14. Distribution of Individuals’ Physical Activity Status by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2017

Age Group Male Female Total

Low Middle High Low Middle High Low Middle High

15-29 31,7 25,6 42,6 56,2 29,3 14,5 43,8 27,4 28,7

30-44 37,3 23,4 39,2 58,0 28,2 13,9 47,7 25,8 26,5

45-59 37,5 28,5 34,0 58,4 26,3 15,3 48,0 27,4 24,6

60-69 47,2 30,8 22,0 72,1 19,1 8,8 60,2 24,7 15,1

70+ 51,5 29,1 19,5 84,9 10,9 4,3 70,6 18,6 10,8

Total 37,4 26,3 36,3 61,1 25,8 13,1 49,4 26,0 24,6

Source: Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017 Table 4.15. Distribution of Individuals Who Felt Physical Pain in the Last 4 Weeks by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Age Group 2012 2014 2016


15-24 5,2 7,4 6,3 13,1 16,4 14,7 8,6 13,5 11,0

25-34 8,9 14,5 11,7 13,9 27,1 20,5 11,8 21,1 16,4

35-44 13,7 21,3 17,5 19,5 38,4 28,9 16,0 28,9 22,4

45-54 14,5 32,4 23,4 22,5 45,8 34,1 20,3 40,1 30,2

55-64 18,8 44,0 31,6 24,4 53,1 38,9 19,6 44,4 32,2

65-74 28,4 56,4 43,7 37,1 61,4 50,3 34,7 57,9 47,2

75+ 48,8 66,1 59,1 49,0 66,7 59,6 47,7 69,4 60,8

Turkey 13,3 25,2 19,3 20,0 37,3 28,7 17,0 32,0 24,6


76



Table 4.16. Distribution of Individuals Not Able to Walk, Walk Up and Down Stairs without Any Aid or Assistance by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Age Group

2012 2014 2016


Not A

ble

to W

alk

15-44 2,0 2,5 2,3 1,3 2,1 1,7 1,4 1,1 1,3

45-54 2,2 4,3 3,2 3,4 10,4 6,8 2,7 7,6 5,1

55-64 3,9 12,1 8,1 5,2 20,5 12,9 4,3 17,1 10,8

65-74 11,7 27,5 20,3 15,3 31,9 24,3 15,4 30,2 23,4

75+ 29,9 46,8 39,9 38,3 59,7 51,2 36,0 55,8 48,0

Turkey 2,7 6,3 4,5 4,1 10,4 7,3 4,0 8,9 6,5

Not A

ble

to W

alk

Up a

nd D

own

Stai

rs

15-44 2,2 3,5 2,8 1,7 3,2 2,4 1,7 2,2 1,9

45-54 2,1 4,9 3,5 3,9 14,2 9,0 4,2 13,4 8,8

55-64 5,2 16,1 10,8 7,1 25,2 16,3 6,5 24,1 15,4

65-74 13,2 30,6 22,8 19,6 40,1 30,7 18,6 38,5 29,3

75+ 34,7 51,2 44,5 42,1 61,3 53,6 39,8 65,7 55,4

Turkey 3,1 7,4 5,3 5,1 12,8 9,0 5,0 12,4 8,7

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2012, 2014, 2016 Table 4.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Providing Care or Assistance to Persons Suffering from Some Age Problem, Chronic Health Condition or Infirmity by Sex, (%), 2016

Male Female Total

Providing Help 8,9 9,9 9,4

Members of Family 63,1 67,0 65,2

Other 36,9 33,0 34,8

Not Providing Help 91,1 90,1 90,6


Table 4.16. Distribution of Individuals Not Able to Walk, Walk Up and Down Stairs without Any Aid or Assistance by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2012, 2014, 2016

Age Group

2012 2014 2016

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total No

t Abl

e to

Wal

k 15-44 2,0 2,5 2,3 1,3 2,1 1,7 1,4 1,1 1,3

45-54 2,2 4,3 3,2 3,4 10,4 6,8 2,7 7,6 5,1

55-64 3,9 12,1 8,1 5,2 20,5 12,9 4,3 17,1 10,8

65-74 11,7 27,5 20,3 15,3 31,9 24,3 15,4 30,2 23,4

75+ 29,9 46,8 39,9 38,3 59,7 51,2 36,0 55,8 48,0

Turkey 2,7 6,3 4,5 4,1 10,4 7,3 4,0 8,9 6,5

Not A

ble

to W

alk

Up a

nd D

own

Stai

rs

15-44 2,2 3,5 2,8 1,7 3,2 2,4 1,7 2,2 1,9

45-54 2,1 4,9 3,5 3,9 14,2 9,0 4,2 13,4 8,8

55-64 5,2 16,1 10,8 7,1 25,2 16,3 6,5 24,1 15,4

65-74 13,2 30,6 22,8 19,6 40,1 30,7 18,6 38,5 29,3

75+ 34,7 51,2 44,5 42,1 61,3 53,6 39,8 65,7 55,4

Turkey 3,1 7,4 5,3 5,1 12,8 9,0 5,0 12,4 8,7

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2012, 2014, 2016 Table 4.17. Distribution of 15 and Over Aged Individuals Providing Care or Assistance to Persons Suffering from Some Age Problem, Chronic Health Condition or Infirmity by Sex, (%), 2016

Male Female Total

Providing Help 8,9 9,9 9,4

Members of Family 63,1 67,0 65,2

Other 36,9 33,0 34,8

Not Providing Help 91,1 90,1 90,6


77


Risk

Facto

rs


Table 4.18. Distribution of Individuals Having Difficulty in Learning and Remembering Events by Sex and Age Groups, (%), 2014, 2016

Age Group 2014 2016


Havi

ng D

ifficu

lty in

Lear

ning

15-44 0,8 2,0 1,4 1,0 2,6 1,8

45-54 2,6 7,8 5,2 1,7 7,5 4,6

55-64 3,0 12,8 8,0 1,9 12,3 7,2

65-74 8,5 22,5 16,1 8,9 20,4 15,1

75+ 22,0 42,2 34,2 20,2 41,5 33,1

Turkey 2,5 7,5 5,0 2,4 7,8 5,1

Havi

ng D

ifficu

lty in

Re

mem

berin

g

15-44 1,2 1,9 1,6 1,2 1,9 1,5

45-54 2,1 6,2 4,1 1,5 4,7 3,1

55-64 2,9 7,0 5,0 2,2 5,9 4,1

65-74 6,3 12,0 9,4 5,7 12,7 9,5

75+ 15,6 27,3 22,6 17,8 25,6 22,5

Turkey 2,3 5,1 3,7 2,2 4,8 3,5


Table 4.19. Distribution of Number of People Who Are So Close by Sex When Individuals Have Serious Personal Problems, (%), 2016

Male Female Total

None 6,3 5,1 5,7

1-2 Person 36,5 39,8 38,2

3-5 Person 35,0 36,6 35,8

6 or More Person 22,2 18,5 20,3

Source: TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016 Table 4.20. 15 and Over Aged Individuals Distribution by Sex for Status of Getting Help from Neighbours, (%), 2016

Male Female Total

Very Easy/Easy 72,3 76,2 74,3

Possible 14,7 13,0 13,9

Difficult/Very Difficult 13,0 10,8 11,9



Age Group 2014 2016


Havi

ng D

ifficu

lty in

Lear

ning

15-44 0,8 2,0 1,4 1,0 2,6 1,8

45-54 2,6 7,8 5,2 1,7 7,5 4,6

55-64 3,0 12,8 8,0 1,9 12,3 7,2

65-74 8,5 22,5 16,1 8,9 20,4 15,1

75+ 22,0 42,2 34,2 20,2 41,5 33,1

Turkey 2,5 7,5 5,0 2,4 7,8 5,1

Havi

ng D

ifficu

lty in

Re

mem

berin

g

15-44 1,2 1,9 1,6 1,2 1,9 1,5

45-54 2,1 6,2 4,1 1,5 4,7 3,1

55-64 2,9 7,0 5,0 2,2 5,9 4,1

65-74 6,3 12,0 9,4 5,7 12,7 9,5

75+ 15,6 27,3 22,6 17,8 25,6 22,5

Turkey 2,3 5,1 3,7 2,2 4,8 3,5



Male Female Total

None 6,3 5,1 5,7

1-2 Person 36,5 39,8 38,2

3-5 Person 35,0 36,6 35,8

6 or More Person 22,2 18,5 20,3


Male Female Total


Possible 14,7 13,0 13,9




Age Group 2014 2016


Havi

ng D

ifficu

lty in

Lear

ning

15-44 0,8 2,0 1,4 1,0 2,6 1,8

45-54 2,6 7,8 5,2 1,7 7,5 4,6

55-64 3,0 12,8 8,0 1,9 12,3 7,2

65-74 8,5 22,5 16,1 8,9 20,4 15,1

75+ 22,0 42,2 34,2 20,2 41,5 33,1

Turkey 2,5 7,5 5,0 2,4 7,8 5,1

Havi

ng D

ifficu

lty in

Re

mem

berin

g

15-44 1,2 1,9 1,6 1,2 1,9 1,5

45-54 2,1 6,2 4,1 1,5 4,7 3,1

55-64 2,9 7,0 5,0 2,2 5,9 4,1

65-74 6,3 12,0 9,4 5,7 12,7 9,5

75+ 15,6 27,3 22,6 17,8 25,6 22,5

Turkey 2,3 5,1 3,7 2,2 4,8 3,5



Male Female Total

None 6,3 5,1 5,7

1-2 Person 36,5 39,8 38,2

3-5 Person 35,0 36,6 35,8

6 or More Person 22,2 18,5 20,3


Male Female Total


Possible 14,7 13,0 13,9



78






The Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the body weight (kilograms) by the square of the height(meters).

Underweight : BMI< 18,5

Normal weight : 18,5≤ BMI< 25

Pre-Obese : 25,00 ≤ BMI < 30,00

Obesity : BMI ≥ 30,00

Median: Value which divides the series into two equal parts. It is used in Figure 4.11 in order to not be affected by outliers.

IDF 8. Diabetes Atlas: To make international comparisons, the prevalence of age and sex specific diabetes of countries was estimated by using statistical models. 221 data sources were used for 131 countries and population data were obtained through UNPD. In these data sources; diabetes was diagnosed with oral glucose tolerance test, self-reported studies, medical records, clinical diagnoses, HbA1c and fasting blood glucose results. Most sources are based on refereed journals and research conducted by WHO's STEPwise approach.

Ministry of Health, Turkish Childhood (𝟐𝟐𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 Grade Students in Primary School) Obesity Research (COSI-TUR-2016)

Our country was also included in the 3rd stage of Obesity Research implemented in 21 countries in 2013 and 4 th stage in 38 countries in 2016. The research was conducted in the cooperation of Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of National Education, Hacettepe University in the framework of the criteria determined by WHO.

The aim of this study is to monitor the growth of the school age children compared to the other countries by participating in an international research. Under the project, the height and weight of the children were measured, a survey regarding the diet and physical activity behaviors of the children was applied to the parents and a survey was conducted regarding the diet and physical activity capacities of participating in the research. It is aimed to monitor the change of the growth of the school age children by repeating the research every three years.

The research was conducted in 79 provinces that can represent Turkey, 585 schools, a 2nd grade with 11.732 students. The field application of the research was carried out in November 2016-February 2017 with 115 teams established in 79 provinces.

Within the scope of the research, those at the age of 6-9 among the 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 grade students in Primary School were evaluated.

TURKSTAT, Turkey Health Interview Survey 2016

Research is based on self -report.

Coverage: All the individuals living in Turkey are covered. Institutional population (soldiers, individuals living in dormitories, prisons, hospitals in the long period, homes for elderly, etc.) are excluded.


Sampling Distribution: In 8.325 of these households the questionnaire was completed. The questionnaire was completed by 23.606 people.

79


Risk

Facto

rs


Period of the Field Study: Field study of the survey was implemented on April in 2008, on May-June in 2010 and 2012 for only one month. But it was implemented on August-October in 2014 and 2016 for three months.

In fruit consumption questions; including freshly squeezed fruit juice, fruit juices or artificially flavored fruit juices prepared from concentrate or processed fruit are excluded. In case of vegetable consumption, including fresh soup and fresh vegetable juice, vegetable juices prepared from concentrate or processed vegetables or artificially flavored vegetable juices were excluded.

Ministry of Health, National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2017

Coverage: 15 and over aged citizens of the Republic of Turkey, living in Turkey, are covered. Institutional population (hotel, individuals living in dormitories, prisons, hospitals in the long period, etc.) are excluded.


Sampling Distribution: Of the 8.650 households visited, 6.053 people 15 and over aged participated in the first and second step of study, of whom 3.352 also completed step 3 (2.701 people out of the 6.053 selected did not want to participate).

Period of the Field Study: Field study of the survey was implemented in April-September 2017.

The data in this study includes 3 steps namely “a questionnaire”,” physical measure” and “biochemical measures”.

Step 1 consists of evaluation based on a questionnaire that investigates exposure to four behavioral risk factors: Tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and physical inactivity.

Step 2 considers the physical measurement of variables such as blood pressure, height, weight and waist and hip circumference to assess exposure to biological risk factors such as high blood pressure, overweight and obesity.

Step 3 adds biochemical measurements by taking blood and urine samples for the detection of high levels of glycemia, hypercholesterolemia and sodium intake.

Questions on physical activity were adapted from WHO Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, version 2.

High Physical Activity:

Vigorous-intensity for at least three days, reaching a minimum of 1.500 MET-minutes per week,

≥7 days of physical in any domain and intensity, reaching a minimum of 3.000 MET-minutes per week.

Moderate Physical Activity:

Vigorous-intensity physical activity for ≥3 days for at least 20 minutes a day, Moderate- intensity physical activity for ≥5 days for at least 30 minutes a day, Physical activity of any intensity and domain for ≥5 days, reaching a minimum of 600 MET –

minutes per week.

Low Physical Activity: Participants’ physical activity was said to be low if they did not meet the criteria stated for the high or moderate levels.

80



Salt Intake in Turkish Population Study 2008 SALTurk-I, 2012 SALTurk-II

Coverage: Salt Consumption Studies in Turkey SALTurk-I and SALTURK –II 18 and over aged citizens of the Republic of Turkey are covered.

Estimation Level: Hypertension rates and age quotas were calculated based on Hypertension Prevalence Study (PatenT- PatenT2). The SALTurk-I study was carried out in 14 provinces, and the SALTurk-II study was conducted on a voluntary basis in 4 major cities.

Sampling Distribution: The SALTurk-I study included 1.970 individuals with 24-hour urinary creatinine excretion within the determined limits, and 657 people were included in the SALTurk-II study.

Period of Field Study: The SALTurk-I study was conducted in April 2008 and the SALTurk-II study was conducted in February-March 2012.

Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth

Chapter 5Prevention ofDiseases andProtection ofHealth

83


Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth


Table 5.1. Immunization Coverage by Years, (%)

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

DaPT 3 78 96 97 98 96 98

BCG 77 95 96 96 93 96

HBV 3 72 95 97 98 96 98

MMR 82 94 97 98 96 96

CPV 3 - 96 97 98 96 98

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 5.1. Third Dose Immunization Coverage of 5-Component Combined Vaccine (DaPT+IPV+Hib) by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


92

93

97

97

97

97

98

98

98

99

100

100

100

65

74

81

65

82

89

78

80

85

75

81

85

80

0 20 40 60 80 100

Mideastern AnatoliaNortheastern Anatolia

Western BlackseaSoutheastern Anatolia

Eastern BlackseaEastern Marmara

TurkeyCentral Anatolia

Western AnatoliaIstanbul

Western MarmaraMediterranean

Aegean

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Table 5.1. Immunization Coverage by Years, (%)

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

DaPT 3 78 96 97 98 96 98

BCG 77 95 96 96 93 96

HBV 3 72 95 97 98 96 98

MMR 82 94 97 98 96 96

CPV 3 - 96 97 98 96 98

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 5.1. Third Dose Immunization Coverage of 5-Component Combined Vaccine (DaPT+IPV+Hib) by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


92

93

97

97

97

97

98

98

98

99

100

100

100

65

74

81

65

82

89

78

80

85

75

81

85

80

0 20 40 60 80 100





Western AnatoliaIstanbul

Western MarmaraMediterranean

Aegean

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

84



Figure 5.2. International Comparison of DaPT+IPV+Hib Immunization Coverage, (%), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, WHO Global Health Observatory Database

Figure 5.3. HBV 3 Immunization Coverage by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


98 95 94 9486

0

30

60

90

Turkey High IncomeGroup Countries


Countries

WHO EuropeanRegion

Global

%

92

93

97

97

97

97

98

98

98

99

100

100

100

52

61

7750

76

88

72

82

85

65

82

83

82

0 20 40 60 80 100





Western AnatoliaIstanbulAegean

MediterraneanWestern Marmara

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 5.2. International Comparison of DaPT+IPV+Hib Immunization Coverage, (%), 2018


Figure 5.3. HBV 3 Immunization Coverage by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


98 95 94 9486

0

30

60

90



Countries

WHO EuropeanRegion

Global

%

92

93

97

97

97

97

98

98

98

99

100

100

100

52

61

7750

76

88

72

82

85

65

82

83

82

0 20 40 60 80 100





Western AnatoliaIstanbulAegean

MediterraneanWestern Marmara

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

85


Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth


Figure 5.4. MMR Immunization Coverage by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 5.5. International Comparison of MMR Immunization Coverage, (%), 2018


89

89

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

97

98

99

100

78

66

83

68

84

83

82

87

90

92

85

89

84

40 60 80 100


Mideastern AnatoliaWestern Blacksea


Central Anatolia

IstanbulTurkey

Eastern Blacksea

Western AnatoliaEastern Marmara

AegeanMediterranean

Western Marmara

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

96 95 94 9486

0

30

60

90



Countries

High IncomeGroup Countries

Global

%

Figure 5.4. MMR Immunization Coverage by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 5.5. International Comparison of MMR Immunization Coverage, (%), 2018


89

89

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

97

98

99

100

78

66

83

68

84

83

82

87

90

92

85

89

84

40 60 80 100




Central Anatolia

IstanbulTurkey

Eastern Blacksea


AegeanMediterranean

Western Marmara

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

96 95 94 9486

0

30

60

90



Countries

High IncomeGroup Countries

Global

%

86



Figure 5.6. Number of Vaccine Antigen by Years and Vaccine Schedule, Ministry of Health

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Table 5.2. Indicators of Birth and Antenatal Care by Years

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Births at Hospital, (%) 75 98 99 98 98 98

Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum One Visit) (%) 70,0 96,9 98,0 98,5 99,7 99,5

Cesarean Sections Among Live Births (%) 21,0 51,1 53,1 53,1 53,1 54,9

Primary Cesarean Sections Among Live Births (%) - 26,3 27,2 26,4 25,7 26,3


56

76

7

1011

13 13

0

3

6

9

12

1519

60

1963

1970

1981

1998

2002

2006

2008

2012

2018

Year

Number of Antigen

Figure 5.6. Number of Vaccine Antigen by Years and Vaccine Schedule, Ministry of Health

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Table 5.2. Indicators of Birth and Antenatal Care by Years

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Births at Hospital, (%) 75 98 99 98 98 98

Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum One Visit) (%) 70,0 96,9 98,0 98,5 99,7 99,5

Cesarean Sections Among Live Births (%) 21,0 51,1 53,1 53,1 53,1 54,9

Primary Cesarean Sections Among Live Births (%) - 26,3 27,2 26,4 25,7 26,3


56

76

7

1011

13 13

0

3

6

9

12

15

1960

1963

1970

1981

1998

2002

2006

2008

2012

2018

Year

Number of Antigen

87


Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth


Table 5.3. Proportions of Cesarean and Primary Cesarean Section Among All Births Given at Hospital by Years and Sectors, (%)

Cesarean Sections Among All Hospital Births

(%)

Primary Cesarean Sections Among All Hospital Births

(%)

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Ministry of Health 35,5 37,5 38,2 38,7 40,3 15,0 15,9 15,5 15,0 15,5

University 63,8 69,3 69,1 68,2 70,4 32,4 35,9 33,8 33,8 34,7

Private 69,5 70,5 70,5 69,7 70,7 39,6 39,8 39,0 37,8 37,9

Total 52,4 53,9 54,2 54,2 56,0 27,0 27,6 26,9 26,2 26,9

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 5.7. Proportion of Births at Hospital Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


93

9495

9797

97

9898

98

99

100

100

100

63

52

97

87

7647

89

75

8878

86

9275

40 60 80 100

Northeastern AnatoliaSoutheastern Anatolia

Western MarmaraWestern AnatoliaEastern Blacksea



Central AnatoliaAegeanIstanbul

Mediterranean

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Table 5.3. Proportions of Cesarean and Primary Cesarean Section Among All Births Given at Hospital by Years and Sectors, (%)

Cesarean Sections Among All Hospital Births

(%)

Primary Cesarean Sections Among All Hospital Births

(%)

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Ministry of Health 35,5 37,5 38,2 38,7 40,3 15,0 15,9 15,5 15,0 15,5

University 63,8 69,3 69,1 68,2 70,4 32,4 35,9 33,8 33,8 34,7

Private 69,5 70,5 70,5 69,7 70,7 39,6 39,8 39,0 37,8 37,9

Total 52,4 53,9 54,2 54,2 56,0 27,0 27,6 26,9 26,2 26,9

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 5.7. Proportion of Births at Hospital Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


93

9495

9797

97

9898

98

99

100

100

100

63

52

97

87

7647

89

75

8878

86

9275

40 60 80 100

Northeastern AnatoliaSoutheastern Anatolia

Western MarmaraWestern AnatoliaEastern Blacksea



Central AnatoliaAegeanIstanbul

Mediterranean

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

88



Figure 5.8. International Comparison of Proportion of Births Attended by Skilled Health Personnel, (%), 2017

Source: TDHS 2018, UNICEF/WHO Joint Database Note: Turkey’s data belongs to TDHS 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

Table 5.4. Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum 1 Visit) by NUTS-1, (%), 2017, 2018

NUTS-1 2017 2018

Istanbul 99,8 99,4

Western Marmara 99,8 99,7

Aegean 99,7 99,7

Eastern Marmara 99,8 99,6

Western Anatolia 99,6 99,0

Mediterranean 99,7 99,5

Central Anatolia 99,7 99,6

Western Blacksea 99,6 99,7

Eastern Blacksea 99,6 99,8

Northeastern Anatolia 99,6 99,7

Mideastern Anatolia 99,8 99,8

Southeastern Anatolia 99,7 99,3

Turkey 99,7 99,5


99,2 99,2 98,9 98,9 98,8 95,5

79,4

0

30

60

90


EU WHO EuropeanRegion

OECD Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries

Global

%

Figure 5.8. International Comparison of Proportion of Births Attended by Skilled Health Personnel, (%), 2017

Source: TDHS 2018, UNICEF/WHO Joint Database Note: Turkey’s data belongs to TDHS 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

Table 5.4. Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum 1 Visit) by NUTS-1, (%), 2017, 2018

NUTS-1 2017 2018

Istanbul 99,8 99,4

Western Marmara 99,8 99,7

Aegean 99,7 99,7

Eastern Marmara 99,8 99,6

Western Anatolia 99,6 99,0

Mediterranean 99,7 99,5

Central Anatolia 99,7 99,6

Western Blacksea 99,6 99,7

Eastern Blacksea 99,6 99,8

Northeastern Anatolia 99,6 99,7

Mideastern Anatolia 99,8 99,8

Southeastern Anatolia 99,7 99,3

Turkey 99,7 99,5


99,2 99,2 98,9 98,9 98,8 95,5

79,4

0

30

60

90


EU WHO EuropeanRegion


Countries

Global

%

89


Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth


Figure 5.9. International Comparison of Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum 1 Visit), (%), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, UNICEF Database Figure 5.10. Proportion of Cesarean Sections Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


99,5 98,4 98,1 97,6 97,3 96,892,9

0

30

60

90

Turkey OECD19 High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU16 Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries

WHOEuropeanRegion32

Global

%

38

41

41

52

54

55

59

60

61

61

62

63

66

10

7

9

2016

21

21

33

39

26

30

26

20

0 25 50

Northeastern AnatoliaMideastern Anatolia

Southeastern AnatoliaWestern Anatolia

Central AnatoliaTurkey

Eastern MarmaraIstanbul

Western MarmaraWestern BlackseaEastern Blacksea

AegeanMediterranean

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 5.9. International Comparison of Antenatal Care Coverage (Minimum 1 Visit), (%), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, UNICEF Database Figure 5.10. Proportion of Cesarean Sections Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2002, 2018


99,5 98,4 98,1 97,6 97,3 96,892,9

0

30

60

90

Turkey OECD19 High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU16 Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries

WHOEuropeanRegion32

Global

%

38

41

41

52

54

55

59

60

61

61

62

63

66

10

7

9

2016

21

21

33

39

26

30

26

20

0 25 50

Northeastern AnatoliaMideastern Anatolia



Eastern MarmaraIstanbul

Western MarmaraWestern BlackseaEastern Blacksea

AegeanMediterranean

%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

90



Figure 5.11. International Comparison of Proportion of Cesarean Sections Among Live Births, (%), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, EUROSTAT Database, OECD Health Data 2019Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

Figure 5.12. Proportion of Primary Cesarean Sections Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2018


54,9

48,7

47,7

45,2

44,1

43,1

39,3

37,3

33,8

33,7

32,5

32,0

32,0

31,9

31,4

30,2

29,7

29,7

29,3

28,1

28,1

27,7

27,4

26,3

24,4

23,8

23,8

22,3

21,4

21,0

20,4

19,7

19,4

19,4

16,6

16,5

16,2

16,2

16,0

14,8

0

20

40

60

Turk

eyM

exico

Chile

Sout

h Ko

rea

Rom

ania

Bulg

aria

Pola

ndHu

ngar

yIta

lyAu

stra

liaPo

rtug

alM

alta

Unite

d St

ates

Switz

erla

ndIre

land

Germ

any

Luxe

mbo

urg

Slov

akia

Aust

riaEU

27OE

CD34

Cana

daUn

ited

King

dom

New

Zea

land

Spai

nCr

oatia

Czec

h Re

publ

icLa

tvia

Slov

enia

Belg

ium

Denm

ark

Fran

ceEs

toni

aLit

huan

iaSw

eden

Finl

and

Neth

erla

nds

Icel

and

Norw

ayIsr

ael

%

16,7

17,9

18,7

24,8

26,3

27,0

29,0

29,6

29,7

30,9

30,9

31,3

32,3

5 15 25 35



Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Turkey

Western Anatolia

Mediterranean

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Western Marmara

Istanbul

Western Blacksea

Aegean

%

NUTS-1

Figure 5.11. International Comparison of Proportion of Cesarean Sections Among Live Births, (%), 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, EUROSTAT Database, OECD Health Data 2019Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

Figure 5.12. Proportion of Primary Cesarean Sections Among Live Births by NUTS-1, (%), 2018


54,9

48,7

47,7

45,2

44,1

43,1

39,3

37,3

33,8

33,7

32,5

32,0

32,0

31,9

31,4

30,2

29,7

29,7

29,3

28,1

28,1

27,7

27,4

26,3

24,4

23,8

23,8

22,3

21,4

21,0

20,4

19,7

19,4

19,4

16,6

16,5

16,2

16,2

16,0

14,8

0

20

40

60Tu

rkey

Mex

icoCh

ileSo

uth

Kore

aRo

man

iaBu

lgar

iaPo

land

Hung

ary

Italy

Aust

ralia

Port

ugal

Mal

taUn

ited

Stat

esSw

itzer

land

Irela

ndGe

rman

yLu

xem

bour

gSl

ovak

iaAu

stria

EU27

OECD

34Ca

nada

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mNe

w Z

eala

ndSp

ain

Croa

tiaCz

ech

Repu

blic

Latv

iaSl

oven

iaBe

lgiu

mDe

nmar

kFr

ance

Esto

nia

Lithu

ania

Swed

enFi

nlan

dNe

ther

land

sIc

elan

dNo

rway

Israe

l

%

16,7

17,9

18,7

24,8

26,3

27,0

29,0

29,6

29,7

30,9

30,9

31,3

32,3

5 15 25 35



Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Turkey

Western Anatolia

Mediterranean

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Western Marmara

Istanbul

Western Blacksea

Aegean

%

NUTS-1

91


Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth


Figure 5.13. Proportion of Induced Abortion by Years, (in 100 Gestation)

Source: TDHS, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018

Figure 5.14. Proportion of Births by Age Group of Mother Among All Births, (%), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, Birth Statistics 2018

18,0

14,5

11,310,0

4,75,9

0

5

10

15

20


in 100 Gestation

0,01 0,94

3,91

22,95

31,61

24,57

13,06

2,730,19 0,02

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

<15 15-17 18-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50+

Age Group

%

Figure 5.13. Proportion of Induced Abortion by Years, (in 100 Gestation)

Source: TDHS, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018

Figure 5.14. Proportion of Births by Age Group of Mother Among All Births, (%), 2018


18,0

14,5

11,310,0

4,75,9

0

5

10

15

20


in 100 Gestation

0,01 0,94

3,91

22,95

31,61

24,57

13,06

2,730,19 0,02

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

<15 15-17 18-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50+

Age Group

%

92



Figure 5.15. Age-Specific Fertility Rate, (‰), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, Birth Statistics 2018 Figure 5.16. Adolescent Fertility Rate by Years, (‰)


19

90

128

98

50

121

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49Age Group

‰

3129

2826

2422

19

0

10

20

30

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

‰

Year

Figure 5.15. Age-Specific Fertility Rate, (‰), 2018

Source: TURKSTAT, Birth Statistics 2018 Figure 5.16. Adolescent Fertility Rate by Years, (‰)


19

90

128

98

50

121

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49Age Group

‰

3129

2826

2422

19

0

10

20

30

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

‰

Year

93


Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth


Figure 5.17. International Comparison of Adolescent Fertility Rate, (‰), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Birth Statistics 2018, UNPD Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Figure 5.18. Proportion of Adolescent Mothers Among All Mothers by Years, (%)

Source: TDHS, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018

42

31

20 1917

1310

0

20

40


Countries


Region

High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU

‰

10,29,3

7,5

5,9

4,6

3,5

0

3

6

9

12


%

Figure 5.17. International Comparison of Adolescent Fertility Rate, (‰), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT Birth Statistics 2018, UNPD Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Figure 5.18. Proportion of Adolescent Mothers Among All Mothers by Years, (%)

Source: TDHS, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018

42

31

20 1917

1310

0

20

40


Countries


Region

High IncomeGroup

Countries

EU

‰

10,29,3

7,5

5,9

4,6

3,5

0

3

6

9

12


%

94



Table 5.5. Full Follow-Up Ratio of Pregnant, Infant and Child by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

NUTS-1 Pregnancy Follow-Up

Infant Follow-Up

Child Follow-Up

Istanbul 95,9 87,7 93,1


Aegean 96,5 93,4 96,4










Turkey 95,2 88,6 92,8


95


Prev

entio

n of

Dise

ases

and

Prot

ectio

n of H

ealth



MMR vaccine was administered as measles vaccine alone before the year 2006.

The DaPT vaccine which had been administered until 2008 was introduced in the form of DaPT + IPV + Hib (5 in one vaccine).

CPV 3 vaccination has started in November 2008.

The population that was used to calculate the vaccination coverage is the target population that was calculated by the Ministry of Health.


Age-Specific Fertility Rate, (‰): It represents the average number of live births that would be born to a woman during her reproductive life (from 15 to 49).

Adolescent Fertility Rate, (‰): It represents the average number of live births per thousand women in 15-19 age group.

Full Follow-Up of Pregnant: A pregnant woman should be followed 4 times during her pregnancy. The pregnant woman who has been followed at least 4 times in the determined period and time intervals is considered to be fully followed. Pregnancy follow-up periods and intervals; 1. Follow-up: Within the first 14 weeks of pregnancy 2. Follow-up: Between 18-24 weeks of pregnancy 3. Follow-up: Between 28-32 weeks of pregnancy 4. Follow-up: Between 36-38 weeks of pregnancy

Full Follow-Up of Infant: A baby should be followed 9 times during the first year of life. The baby who has been followed first in the hospital immediately after birth and in addition at least 8 times (ie, 9 times in total) in the determined period and time intervals is considered to be fully followed. Infant follow-up periods and intervals; 1.Follow-up: At birth (in hospital) 2. Follow-up: Follow-up of the newborn in the first week after birth (1st to 10th day) 3. Follow-up: Day 15 (Between 11th-29th days) 4. Follow-up: Day 41 (Between 30th-59th days) 5. Follow-up: 2 months (Between 60th-89th days) 6. Follow-up: 3 months (Between 90th-115th days) 7. Follow-up: 4 months (Between 120th-150th day) 8. Follow-up: 6 months (Between 180th-210th days) 9. Follow-up: 9 months (Between 250th-290th days)

Full Follow-Up of Child: A child should be followed 7 times until the age of 6 years. The child who has been followed at least 7 times in the determined period and time intervals is considered to be fully followed. Child follow-up period and time intervals; 1. Follow-up: 12 months follow-up (Between 365th-394th days) 2. Follow-up: 18-month follow-up (Between 481th-570th days) 3. Follow-up: 24-month follow-up (Between 661th-760th days) 4. Follow-up: 30-month follow-up (Between 841th-930th days) 5. Follow-up: 36 months follow-up (Between 1.021th-1.110th days) 6. Follow-up: 48 months follow-up (Between 1.321th-1.530th days) 7. Follow-up: 60-month follow-up (Between 1.681th-1.890th days)

Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

sChapter 6GlobalBurden ofDisease 2017Turkey Results

99


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.1. YLL per 100.000 Population by Years and Sex

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Table 6.1. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total

Rank Cause 2002 2017 Change (%)

1 Ischemic Heart Disease 1.507.528 1.509.976 0,16

2 Neonatal Disorders 2.108.974 680.865 -67,72

3 Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer 475.717 655.068 37,70

4 Stroke 413.194 642.929 55,60

5 Congenital Birth Defects 919.470 459.075 -50,07

6 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 262.266 427.595 63,04

7 Road Injuries 372.505 409.862 10,03

8 Chronic Kidney Disease 229.221 289.128 26,14

9 Diabetes Mellitus 254.821 282.840 11,00

10 Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias 158.090 259.328 64,04


2002 2005 2010 2017Total 17.063 14.744 13.104 11.885Male 19.950 17.543 16.048 15.236Female 14.142 11.920 10.135 8.528

7.000

10.000

13.000

16.000

19.000

22.000YLL

Figure 6.1. YLL per 100.000 Population by Years and Sex


Table 6.1. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total





4 Stroke 413.194 642.929 55,60



7 Road Injuries 372.505 409.862 10,03






7.000

10.000

13.000

16.000

19.000

22.000YLL

100



Table 6.2. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male





4 Stroke 182.809 366.541 100,50

5 Road Injuries 290.663 332.416 14,36




9 Lower Respiratory Infections 381.635 156.191 -59,07


Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.3. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female


1 Ischemic Heart Disease 463.320 463.232 -0,02

2 Neonatal Disorders 932.915 310.823 -66,68

3 Stroke 230.384 276.388 19,97



6 Diabetes Mellitus 138.675 132.639 -4,35

7 Breast Cancer 122.109 131.651 7,81





Table 6.2. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male





4 Stroke 182.809 366.541 100,50

5 Road Injuries 290.663 332.416 14,36






Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.3. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLL Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female


1 Ischemic Heart Disease 463.320 463.232 -0,02

2 Neonatal Disorders 932.915 310.823 -66,68

3 Stroke 230.384 276.388 19,97



6 Diabetes Mellitus 138.675 132.639 -4,35

7 Breast Cancer 122.109 131.651 7,81





101


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.2. YLD per 100.000 Population by Years and Sex

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.4. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total


1 Low Back Pain 718.481 967.285 34,63

2 Headache Disorders 511.079 653.949 27,95

3 Depressive Disorders 425.365 517.543 21,67


5 Drug Use Disorders 340.091 480.893 41,40


7 Neck Pain 270.731 396.934 46,62

8 Anxiety Disorders 238.703 298.724 25,14

9 Age-Related and Other Hearing Loss 192.474 297.669 54,65

10 Oral Disorders 191.517 258.370 34,91



9.000

10.000

11.000

12.000

13.000

YLD

Figure 6.2. YLD per 100.000 Population by Years and Sex

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.4. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total


1 Low Back Pain 718.481 967.285 34,63






7 Neck Pain 270.731 396.934 46,62



10 Oral Disorders 191.517 258.370 34,91



9.000

10.000

11.000

12.000

13.000

YLD

102



Table 6.5. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male


1 Low Back Pain 324.132 430.964 32,96






7 Neck Pain 104.715 152.421 45,56



10 Oral Disorders 86.519 115.461 33,45

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.6. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female


1 Low Back Pain 394.348 536.320 36,00




5 Neck Pain 166.015 244.513 47,28




9 Oral Disorders 104.998 142.909 36,11

10 Blindness and Vision Impairment 98.242 135.334 37,76


Table 6.5. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male


1 Low Back Pain 324.132 430.964 32,96






7 Neck Pain 104.715 152.421 45,56



10 Oral Disorders 86.519 115.461 33,45

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.6. Change in 2017 Top 10 YLD Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female


1 Low Back Pain 394.348 536.320 36,00




5 Neck Pain 166.015 244.513 47,28




9 Oral Disorders 104.998 142.909 36,11

10 Blindness and Vision Impairment 98.242 135.334 37,76


103


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.3. DALY per 100.000 Population by Years

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Note: The shadow area in the figure shows confidence interval for the estimates. Table 6.7. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total



2 Low Back Pain 718.481 967.285 34,63



5 Stroke 520.813 819.523 57,35




9 Congenital Birth Defects 1.012.943 569.937 -43,73



27.83825.634

24.249 23.498

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

2002 2005 2010 2017

DALY

Year

Figure 6.3. DALY per 100.000 Population by Years

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Note: The shadow area in the figure shows confidence interval for the estimates. Table 6.7. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Total



2 Low Back Pain 718.481 967.285 34,63



5 Stroke 520.813 819.523 57,35




9 Congenital Birth Defects 1.012.943 569.937 -43,73



27.83825.634

24.249 23.498

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

2002 2005 2010 2017

DALY

Year

104



Table 6.8. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male






5 Stroke 225.551 435.532 93,10

6 Low Back Pain 324.132 430.964 32,96



9 Road Injuries 311.404 370.950 19,12


Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.9. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female


1 Low Back Pain 394.348 536.320 36,00

2 Ischemic Heart Disease 486.678 496.316 1,98



5 Stroke 295.262 383.991 30,05





10 Neck Pain 166.015 244.513 47,28


Table 6.8. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Male






5 Stroke 225.551 435.532 93,10

6 Low Back Pain 324.132 430.964 32,96



9 Road Injuries 311.404 370.950 19,12


Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.9. Change in 2017 Top 10 DALY Causes Compared to 2002, (%), Female


1 Low Back Pain 394.348 536.320 36,00

2 Ischemic Heart Disease 486.678 496.316 1,98



5 Stroke 295.262 383.991 30,05





10 Neck Pain 166.015 244.513 47,28


105


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.4. DALY by Sex and Age Groups, (in Million), 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.5. International Comparison of DALY per 100.000 Population, 2002, 2017


Under 1 1-4 5-14 15-49 50-69 70+Total 1,23 0,43 0,77 6,82 5,84 3,82Male 0,67 0,23 0,42 3,67 3,38 2,05Female 0,55 0,20 0,35 3,15 2,45 1,78

0

2

4

6

8

DALY (in Million)

40.855

32.71135.906

31.743 30.483 29.135 28.091 27.962 27.946 27.80430.546

27.669 27.838

23.498

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017

Global WHO EuropeanRegion

EU High IncomeGroup

Countries


Countries

Turkey

DALY

Figure 6.4. DALY by Sex and Age Groups, (in Million), 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.5. International Comparison of DALY per 100.000 Population, 2002, 2017


Under 1 1-4 5-14 15-49 50-69 70+Total 1,23 0,43 0,77 6,82 5,84 3,82Male 0,67 0,23 0,42 3,67 3,38 2,05Female 0,55 0,20 0,35 3,15 2,45 1,78

0

2

4

6

8

DALY (in Million)

40.855

32.71135.906

31.743 30.483 29.135 28.091 27.962 27.946 27.80430.546

27.669 27.838

23.498

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017

Global WHO EuropeanRegion

EU High IncomeGroup

Countries


Countries

Turkey

DALY

106



Figure 6.6. International Comparison of Change in DALY Between 2002-2017, (%)

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.7. DALY by Major Disease Groups and Sex, (in Million), 2002, 2017


-7,3

-3,7

-0,5

0,7 0,8

9,6 9,9

-12

-8

-4

0

4

8

12

WHOEuropean

Region

Global EU Turkey Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries


Countries

%

4,4

1,7 2,30,9

2,10,8

13,0

15,6

6,88,4

6,27,2

1,4 1,6 1,0 1,20,4 0,5

0

5

10

15

20

2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017

Total Male Female

DALY (in Million)

Group 1: Communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseasesGroup 2: Non-communicable diseasesGroup 3: Injuries

Figure 6.6. International Comparison of Change in DALY Between 2002-2017, (%)

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.7. DALY by Major Disease Groups and Sex, (in Million), 2002, 2017


-7,3

-3,7

-0,5

0,7 0,8

9,6 9,9

-12

-8

-4

0

4

8

12

WHOEuropean

Region

Global EU Turkey Upper MiddleIncome Group

Countries


Countries

%

4,4

1,7 2,30,9

2,10,8

13,0

15,6

6,88,4

6,27,2

1,4 1,6 1,0 1,20,4 0,5

0

5

10

15

20

2002 2017 2002 2017 2002 2017

Total Male Female

DALY (in Million)


107


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.8. DALY per 100.000 Population by Major Disease Groups and Age Groups, (in Million), 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.9. Major Disease Groups’ DALY (in million) and Change in Their Percent, (%), 2002, 2017


0,00

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,10

Under 1 1-4 5-14 15-49 50-69 70+

DALY (in Million)


1,4 1,6

13,015,6

4,41,7

2002 2017

DALY (in Million)

Group 1: Communicable,maternal, neonatal, andnutritional diseases

Group 2: Non-communicablediseases

Group 3: Injuries

Percentage Change (%)

1

-61

20

14

18,8 18,9




0,00

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,10

Under 1 1-4 5-14 15-49 50-69 70+

DALY (in Million)


1,4 1,6

13,015,6

4,41,7

2002 2017

DALY (in Million)



Group 3: Injuries


1

-61

20

14

18,8 18,9




0,00

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,10

Under 1 1-4 5-14 15-49 50-69 70+

DALY (in Million)


1,4 1,6

13,015,6

4,41,7

2002 2017

DALY (in Million)



Group 3: Injuries


1

-61

20

14

18,8 18,9

108



Figure 6.10. Change in Year of 2017 Top 20 DALY Causes Compared to Year of 2002, (%)

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Note: The numbers in parenthesis written with causes show the rank of related causes in the “2017 Top 20 DALY Causes”.

-63,7-61,4

-43,7

1,3

15,7

21,7

25,1

28,0

32,7

34,6

34,9

36,1

37,8

41,8

43,5

44,2

46,6

54,7

57,4

68,4

-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80

Chronic Kidney Disease (13)

Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias (15)

Diabetes Mellitus (6)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (4)Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer (7)

Blindness and Vision Impairment (20)

Low Back Pain (2)

Oral Disorders (18)

Drug Use Disorders (11)Neck Pain (14)

Age-Related and Other Hearing Loss (17)Stroke (5)

Headache Disorders (8)

Group 1: Communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases

Group 2: Non-communicable diseases

Group 3: Injuries

Anxiety Disorders (16)Depressive Disorders (10)

Road Injuries (12)

Ischemic Heart Disease (1)

Congenital Birth Defects (9)Neonatal Disorders (3)

Lower Respiratory Infections (19)

109


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.11. DALY per 100.000 Population by Major Disease Groups and Sex, 2002, 2017


Sex

Year

Dise

ase

Grou

ps

Male Female Total

Grou

p 3

2002

6.844

2.18

6

20.003 20.797

2.932 2.898

6.150

2.01

1 18.416 17.947

1.306 1.154

6.499

2.09

9

19.214 19.373

2.124 2.027

Grou

p 2

Grou

p 1

Group 1: Communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases

Group 2: Non-communicable diseases

2017 2002 2017 2002 2017

Group 3: Injuries

110



Figure 6.12. International Comparison of DALY by Major Disease Groups as Percentage, 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.13. International Comparison of YLL, YLD and DALY per 100.000 Population, 2017


10 12 10 10 11 9 9

6277 84 85 83 87 82

2811 6 5 7 5 9

0

20

40

60

80

100


Countries


Countries

WHO EuropeanRegion

EU Turkey

%


GlobalWHO

EuropeanRegion

EUHigh Income

GroupCountries

OECDUpper MiddleIncome Group

CountriesTurkey

DALY 32.711 31.743 29.135 27.962 27.804 27.669 23.498YLD 11.165 13.365 13.908 13.665 13.317 11.060 11.614YLL 21.546 18.378 15.227 14.297 14.486 16.609 11.885

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

Year

Figure 6.12. International Comparison of DALY by Major Disease Groups as Percentage, 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.13. International Comparison of YLL, YLD and DALY per 100.000 Population, 2017


10 12 10 10 11 9 9

6277 84 85 83 87 82

2811 6 5 7 5 9

0

20

40

60

80

100


Countries


Countries

WHO EuropeanRegion

EU Turkey

%


GlobalWHO

EuropeanRegion

EUHigh Income

GroupCountries

OECDUpper MiddleIncome Group

CountriesTurkey

DALY 32.711 31.743 29.135 27.962 27.804 27.669 23.498YLD 11.165 13.365 13.908 13.665 13.317 11.060 11.614YLL 21.546 18.378 15.227 14.297 14.486 16.609 11.885

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

Year

111


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.14. Share of Attributable YLL to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.15. Share of Attributable YLD to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017


02468

1012141618202224

Intimate Partner ViolenceAlcohol Use

Dietary Risks

Impaired Kidney Function

Other Environmental Risks

Child and MaternalMalnutrition

Childhood Maltreatment

Low Bone Mineral Density

Unsafe Water, Sanitation,and Handwashing

Air PollutionUnsafe SexDrug Use

Occupational Risks

Tobacco (Active + Passive)

Low Physical Activity

High Fasting Plasma Glucose

High LDL Cholesterol

High Systolic Blood Pressure

High Body-Mass Index

2002 2017

0

2

4

6

8

10Intimate Partner Violence

Alcohol Use

Dietary Risks








Occupational Risks







2002 2017

Figure 6.14. Share of Attributable YLL to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.15. Share of Attributable YLD to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017


02468

1012141618202224


Dietary Risks








Occupational Risks







2002 2017

0

2

4

6

8

10Intimate Partner Violence

Alcohol Use

Dietary Risks








Occupational Risks







2002 2017

112



Figure 6.16. Share of Attributable DALY to Selected Risk Factors, (%), 2002, 2017

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Table 6.10. Attributable DALY per 100.000 Population for Selected Risk Factors by Sex, 2002, 2017

Risk Factors 2002 2017


Tobacco (Active and Passive) 5.212 1.566 3.400 4.825 1.240 3.034

High Body-Mass Index 2.159 2.199 2.179 2.708 2.526 2.617

High Systolic Blood Pressure 2.792 2.135 2.466 2.716 1.906 2.312

High Fasting Plasma Glucose 1.758 1.587 1.673 2.383 1.795 2.089

Dietary Risks 2.852 1.706 2.283 2.641 1.526 2.084

Air Pollution 1.798 1.144 1.473 1.707 930 1.319

Child and Maternal Malnutrition 4.772 4.252 4.514 1.167 1.148 1.158

High LDL Cholesterol 1.751 765 1.261 1.325 674 1.000

Occupational Risks 1.647 430 1.042 1.465 360 913

Impaired Kidney Function 781 771 776 869 786 828

Drug Use 826 272 551 1.048 307 678

Alcohol Use 777 311 545 530 169 350

Low Physical Activity 388 251 320 386 248 317

Other Environmental Risks 333 147 240 306 117 212

Unsafe Water, Sanitation, and Handwashing 519 466 493 102 108 105

Low Bone Mineral Density 53 60 57 76 90 83

Childhood Maltreatment 90 79 85 84 78 81

Intimate Partner Violence - 133 66 - 131 66

Unsafe Sex 20 100 60 27 84 56


02468

1012141618


Dietary Risks








Occupational Risks







2002 2017









Dietary Risks 2.852 1.706 2.283 2.641 1.526 2.084

Air Pollution 1.798 1.144 1.473 1.707 930 1.319





Drug Use 826 272 551 1.048 307 678

Alcohol Use 777 311 545 530 169 350







Unsafe Sex 20 100 60 27 84 56


02468

1012141618


Dietary Risks








Occupational Risks







2002 2017









Dietary Risks 2.852 1.706 2.283 2.641 1.526 2.084

Air Pollution 1.798 1.144 1.473 1.707 930 1.319





Drug Use 826 272 551 1.048 307 678

Alcohol Use 777 311 545 530 169 350







Unsafe Sex 20 100 60 27 84 56


02468

1012141618


Dietary Risks








Occupational Risks







2002 2017









Dietary Risks 2.852 1.706 2.283 2.641 1.526 2.084

Air Pollution 1.798 1.144 1.473 1.707 930 1.319





Drug Use 826 272 551 1.048 307 678

Alcohol Use 777 311 545 530 169 350







Unsafe Sex 20 100 60 27 84 56


02468

1012141618


Dietary Risks








Occupational Risks







2002 2017

113


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s


Figure 6.17. HALE at Birth by Years and Sex

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.18. HALE at Age of 65 by Years and Sex


64,67

65,8266,68

67,88

62,96

64,0364,71

65,6866,38

67,61

68,77

70,32

60

62

64

66

68

70

72

2002 2005 2010 2017

Age

Total Male Female

13,3913,67 13,68

14,11

12,19 12,2812,01

12,24

14,4014,88

15,26

16,02

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

2002 2005 2010 2017

Age

Total Male Female

Figure 6.17. HALE at Birth by Years and Sex

Source: IHME, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Figure 6.18. HALE at Age of 65 by Years and Sex


64,67

65,8266,68

67,88

62,96

64,0364,71

65,6866,38

67,61

68,77

70,32

60

62

64

66

68

70

72

2002 2005 2010 2017

Age

Total Male Female

13,3913,67 13,68

14,11

12,19 12,2812,01

12,24

14,4014,88

15,26

16,02

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

2002 2005 2010 2017

Age

Total Male Female

114



Figure 6.19. International Comparison of HALE at Birth and 65 Age, 2017


15,0 14,9 14,7 14,1 13,7 13,1 12,9

69,4 69,1 69,6 67,9 66,9 66,663,3

0

20

40

60

80

High IncomeGroup

Countries

OECD EU Turkey WHO EuropeanRegion


Countries

Global

Age

65 Age Birth

115


Glob

al Bu

rden

of D

iseas

e 201

7Tu

rkey R

esult

s



Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY): DALY is an absolute measure of health loss which counts the number of years of life lost due to early deaths as well as by diseases, and injuries which do not result in death, but lead to loss of function in the long run. One DALY is defined as one year lost from healthy life.

Years Lived with Disability (YLD): It measures non-fatal yet unhealthy years of life lived.

Years of Life Lost (YLL): It measures the years of life lost due to premature deaths.

DALY is the sum of two components;

DALY = YLL (Mortality Burden) + YLD (Morbidity Burden)

Group 1 Diseases: It includes communicable diseases, maternal, neonatal and nutritional diseases.

Group 2 Diseases: It includes non-communicable diseases.

Group 3 Diseases: It includes injuries.

Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE): It describes how long a person has lived in “full health” in his/her life. Its unit is year.

Due to the methodological differences in Burden of Disease studies, it is not appropriate to make a comparison between the result of this study and previous ones.

Due to not specifying any cause, "Other" ("Other Musculoskeletal", "Other Neoplasms" etc.) categories were not carried out in qualifying YLL, YLD and DALY causes.



Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD-2017) was carried out globally and it covers 195 countries, 21 regions, and 7 super regions. The aim is evaluate health profile of these countries/regions and evaluate change in this profile.

The study has made by Washington University Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME).

GBD studies are an important source of information to determine priorities in health sector and to evaluate the results of existing health programs.

It is very important for measuring the burden caused by early deaths as well as by diseases, and injuries which do not result in death, but lead to loss of function in the long run and also the attributable burden to risk factors.

The study enables to comparison of burden of diseases in detail by providing data on gender, age group, year, country, region, disease and risk factors.

Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

Chapter 7 Health CareFacilities andInfrastructures

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i

119


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.1. Number of Hospitals by Years and Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.2. Number of Hospital Beds by Years and Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services

889

879

876

865

866

774

68

68

69

70

69

50

577

571

565

562

556

271

36

37

61

1.534

1.518

1.510

1.533

1.528

1.156

0 500 1.000 1.500

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of HospitalMinistry of Health University Private Other

139.651

135.339

132.921

122.331

123.690

107.394

42.066

41.324

37.707

38.361

36.670

26.341

50.196

49.200

47.143

43.645

40.509

12.387

5.31

15.

967

18.349

231.913

225.863

217.771

209.648

206.836

164.471

0 50.000 100.000 150.000 200.000 250.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of BedMinistry of Health University Private Other

Figure 7.1. Number of Hospitals by Years and Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.2. Number of Hospital Beds by Years and Sectors


889

879

876

865

866

774

68

68

69

70

69

50

577

571

565

562

556

271

36

37

61

1.534

1.518

1.510

1.533

1.528

1.156

0 500 1.000 1.500

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of HospitalMinistry of Health University Private Other

139.651

135.339

132.921

122.331

123.690

107.394

42.066

41.324

37.707

38.361

36.670

26.341

50.196

49.200

47.143

43.645

40.509

12.387

5.31

15.

967

18.349

231.913

225.863

217.771

209.648

206.836

164.471

0 50.000 100.000 150.000 200.000 250.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of BedMinistry of Health University Private Other

120


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.1. Number of Hospitals and Beds by Branches, 2018

Branches Hospital Bed

General Hospital 1.423 212.883

Obstetric and Child Hospital 25 4.826

Ophthalmology Hospital 25 316

Physical Treatment and Rehabilitation Center 19 2.904

Chest Diseases Hospital 12 3.569

Psychiatry Hospital 11 3.887

Child Diseases Hospital 4 1339

Cardiovascular Diseases Hospital 4 599

Bone Diseases Hospital 3 436

Occupational Diseases Hospital 2 246

Oncology Hospital 2 712

Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital 1 33

Leprosy Hospital 1 34

Hospital for Children with Leukemia 1 75

Spastic Children’s Hospital and Rehab Center 1 54

Total 1.534 231.913

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.3. Number of Qualified Beds by Years and Sectors


83.277

72.561

62.237

55.786

50.587

6.83

9

23.112

22.639

19.899

18.975

18.651

6.40

2

33.014

32.147

31.030

31.518

29.283

5.69

3

139.403

127.347

113.166

106.279

98.521

18.934

0 30.000 60.000 90.000 120.000 150.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of Qualified BedMinistry of Health University Private

Table 7.1. Number of Hospitals and Beds by Branches, 2018

Branches Hospital Bed

General Hospital 1.423 212.883

Obstetric and Child Hospital 25 4.826

Ophthalmology Hospital 25 316

Physical Treatment and Rehabilitation Center 19 2.904

Chest Diseases Hospital 12 3.569

Psychiatry Hospital 11 3.887

Child Diseases Hospital 4 1339

Cardiovascular Diseases Hospital 4 599

Bone Diseases Hospital 3 436

Occupational Diseases Hospital 2 246

Oncology Hospital 2 712

Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital 1 33

Leprosy Hospital 1 34

Hospital for Children with Leukemia 1 75

Spastic Children’s Hospital and Rehab Center 1 54

Total 1.534 231.913

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.3. Number of Qualified Beds by Years and Sectors


83.277

72.561

62.237

55.786

50.587

6.83

9

23.112

22.639

19.899

18.975

18.651

6.40

2

33.014

32.147

31.030

31.518

29.283

5.69

3

139.403

127.347

113.166

106.279

98.521

18.934

0 30.000 60.000 90.000 120.000 150.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of Qualified BedMinistry of Health University Private

121


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.2. Proportion of Qualified Beds Among Total Beds by Years and Sectors, (%)

Ministry of Health University Private Total

2002 6,4 24,6 19,1 11,7

2014 45,2 59,1 83,9 55,3

2015 50,8 57,5 89,1 59,7

2016 52,2 61,6 93,7 61,3

2017 60,3 63,8 95,1 67,2

2018 67,4 64,2 96,5 71,9

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Intensive care unit beds are not included. Figure 7.4. Proportion of Qualified Beds Among Total Beds, (%), All Sectors, Ministry of Health, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Intensive care unit beds are not included.

61,1

69,5

68,6

68,2

71,9

71,7

73,0

78,7

79,5

78,1

77,0

74,3

76,7

54,8

55,3

61,4

63,6

67,4

68,4

69,8

73,6

75,8

78,3

78,5

80,2

80,8

0 20 40 60 80

Western Anatolia

Istanbul

Aegean


Turkey

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Western Marmara

Central Anatolia


NUTS-1

%Ministry of Health Total

Table 7.2. Proportion of Qualified Beds Among Total Beds by Years and Sectors, (%)


2002 6,4 24,6 19,1 11,7

2014 45,2 59,1 83,9 55,3

2015 50,8 57,5 89,1 59,7

2016 52,2 61,6 93,7 61,3

2017 60,3 63,8 95,1 67,2

2018 67,4 64,2 96,5 71,9

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Intensive care unit beds are not included. Figure 7.4. Proportion of Qualified Beds Among Total Beds, (%), All Sectors, Ministry of Health, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Intensive care unit beds are not included.

61,1

69,5

68,6

68,2

71,9

71,7

73,0

78,7

79,5

78,1

77,0

74,3

76,7

54,8

55,3

61,4

63,6

67,4

68,4

69,8

73,6

75,8

78,3

78,5

80,2

80,8

0 20 40 60 80

Western Anatolia

Istanbul

Aegean


Turkey

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Western Marmara

Central Anatolia


NUTS-1

%Ministry of Health Total

122


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

> 85

78 -

85

70 -

77<

70

=

Map

7.1

. Pro

porti

on o

f Qua

lified

Bed

s Am

ong

Tota

l Bed

s by

Prov

ince

s, (%

), A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Not

e: In

tens

ive

care

uni

t bed

s are

not

incl

uded

.

123


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.5. Distribution of Qualified Beds by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.6. Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


59,7

57,0

55,0

52,5

51,3

36,1

16,6

17,8

17,6

17,9

18,9

33,8

23,7

25,2

27,4

29,7

29,7

30,1

0 25 50 75 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

%

Year

Ministry of Health University Private

23,2

25,5

26,1

28,3

28,8

28,8

29,4

29,4

29,9

30,9

31,5

32,2

33,2

12,6

19,7

24,3

24,8

23,5

19,3

19,1

23,7

19,5

23,4

28,3

28,5

28,9

0 10 20 30 40


Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

Turkey

Aegean

Mediterranean


Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Western AnatoliaNUTS-1

Number of Bed2002 2018

Figure 7.5. Distribution of Qualified Beds by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.6. Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


59,7

57,0

55,0

52,5

51,3

36,1

16,6

17,8

17,6

17,9

18,9

33,8

23,7

25,2

27,4

29,7

29,7

30,1

0 25 50 75 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

%

Year


23,2

25,5

26,1

28,3

28,8

28,8

29,4

29,4

29,9

30,9

31,5

32,2

33,2

12,6

19,7

24,3

24,8

23,5

19,3

19,1

23,7

19,5

23,4

28,3

28,5

28,9

0 10 20 30 40


Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

Turkey

Aegean

Mediterranean


Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Western AnatoliaNUTS-1


124


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.7. Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.8. International Comparison of Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population, 2017

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, EUROSTAT Database, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

12,5

14,2

16,4

16,7

17,0

18,1

18,5

18,6

18,9

19,5

20,2

22,8

24,9

13,1

9,8

15,1

14,7

16,2

18,0

17,3

18,1

19,2

14,2

13,9

25,8

26,1

0 10 20 30

Istanbul


Mediterranean

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Aegean

Western Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Eastern BlackseaNUTS-1


130,

512

2,7

80,0

74,5

73,7

70,2

68,9

66,3

66,2

65,6

59,8

58,2

56,6

55,7

55,4

49,1

46,9

46,6

46,5

45,3

45,0

44,9

42,1

38,4

36,0

33,9

33,2

32,8

31,8

30,6

30,2

29,7

29,6

28,3

27,7

27,1

26,1

25,4

25,2

22,2

21,1

13,8

0

50

100

150

Japa

nSo

uth

Kore

aGe

rman

yBu

lgar

iaAu

stria

Hung

ary

Rom

ania

Czec

h Re

publ

icPo

land

Lithu

ania

Fran

ceSl

ovak

iaBe

lgiu

mLa

tvia

Croa

tia EUEs

toni

aLu

xem

bour

gOE

CDSw

itzer

land

Slov

enia

Mal

taGr

eece

Aust

ralia

Norw

ayPo

rtug

alNe

ther

land

sFi

nlan

dIta

lyIc

elan

dIsr

ael

Spai

nIre

land

Turk

eyUn

ited

Stat

esNe

w Z

elan

dDe

nmar

kUn

ited

King

dom

Cana

daSw

eden

Chile

Mex

ico

Number of Bed

Figure 7.7. Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.8. International Comparison of Number of Hospital Beds per 10.000 Population, 2017


12,5

14,2

16,4

16,7

17,0

18,1

18,5

18,6

18,9

19,5

20,2

22,8

24,9

13,1

9,8

15,1

14,7

16,2

18,0

17,3

18,1

19,2

14,2

13,9

25,8

26,1

0 10 20 30

Istanbul


Mediterranean

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Aegean

Western Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea



130,

512

2,7

80,0

74,5

73,7

70,2

68,9

66,3

66,2

65,6

59,8

58,2

56,6

55,7

55,4

49,1

46,9

46,6

46,5

45,3

45,0

44,9

42,1

38,4

36,0

33,9

33,2

32,8

31,8

30,6

30,2

29,7

29,6

28,3

27,7

27,1

26,1

25,4

25,2

22,2

21,1

13,8

0

50

100

150

Japa

nSo

uth

Kore

aGe

rman

yBu

lgar

iaAu

stria

Hung

ary

Rom

ania

Czec

h Re

publ

icPo

land

Lithu

ania

Fran

ceSl

ovak

iaBe

lgiu

mLa

tvia

Croa

tia EUEs

toni

aLu

xem

bour

gOE

CDSw

itzer

land

Slov

enia

Mal

taGr

eece

Aust

ralia

Norw

ayPo

rtug

alNe

ther

land

sFi

nlan

dIta

lyIc

elan

dIsr

ael

Spai

nIre

land

Turk

eyUn

ited

Stat

esNe

w Z

elan

dDe

nmar

kUn

ited

King

dom

Cana

daSw

eden

Chile

Mex

ico

Number of Bed

125


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç>

3227

-32

23 -

26<

23

=

Map

7.2

. Num

ber o

f Hos

pita

l Bed

s per

10.

000

Popu

latio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

126


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.9. Total Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds by Years and Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.3. Number and Distribution (%) of Intensive Care Unit Beds by Types and Sectors, 2018


Number % Number % Number % Number %

Adult 11.171 69,4 4.049 67,0 8.851 55,4 24.071 63,2

Child 941 5,8 542 9,0 142 0,9 1.625 4,3

Neonatal 3.974 24,7 1.448 24,0 6.980 43,7 12.402 32,6

Total 16.086 100 6.039 100 15.973 100 38.098 100


16.086

14.996

13.625

12.542

11.874

869

6.039

5.865

5.420

5.372

5.129

353

15.973

15.379

14.018

13.569

11.56999

2

38.098

36.240

33.063

31.483

28.572

2.214

0 8.000 16.000 24.000 32.000 40.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of Intensive Care Unit BedMinistry of Health University Private





Adult 11.171 69,4 4.049 67,0 8.851 55,4 24.071 63,2

Child 941 5,8 542 9,0 142 0,9 1.625 4,3

Neonatal 3.974 24,7 1.448 24,0 6.980 43,7 12.402 32,6

Total 16.086 100 6.039 100 15.973 100 38.098 100


16.086

14.996

13.625

12.542

11.87486

9

6.039

5.865

5.420

5.372

5.12935

3

15.973

15.379

14.018

13.569

11.56999

2

38.098

36.240

33.063

31.483

28.572

2.214

0 8.000 16.000 24.000 32.000 40.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year






Adult 11.171 69,4 4.049 67,0 8.851 55,4 24.071 63,2

Child 941 5,8 542 9,0 142 0,9 1.625 4,3

Neonatal 3.974 24,7 1.448 24,0 6.980 43,7 12.402 32,6

Total 16.086 100 6.039 100 15.973 100 38.098 100


16.086

14.996

13.625

12.542

11.87486

9

6.039

5.865

5.420

5.372

5.12935

3

15.973

15.379

14.018

13.569

11.56999

2

38.098

36.240

33.063

31.483

28.572

2.214

0 8.000 16.000 24.000 32.000 40.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year






Adult 11.171 69,4 4.049 67,0 8.851 55,4 24.071 63,2

Child 941 5,8 542 9,0 142 0,9 1.625 4,3

Neonatal 3.974 24,7 1.448 24,0 6.980 43,7 12.402 32,6

Total 16.086 100 6.039 100 15.973 100 38.098 100


16.086

14.996

13.625

12.542

11.87486

9

6.039

5.865

5.420

5.372

5.12935

3

15.973

15.379

14.018

13.569

11.56999

2

38.098

36.240

33.063

31.483

28.572

2.214

0 8.000 16.000 24.000 32.000 40.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year


127


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.10. Distribution of Intensive Care Unit Beds by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.11. Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018


42,2

41,4

41,2

39,8

41,6

39,3

15,9

16,2

16,4

17,1

18,0

15,9

41,9

42,4

42,4

43,1

40,5

44,8

0 25 50 75 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

%

Year


3,33,9

4,04,14,2

4,34,64,6

4,84,84,8

5,1

5,6

0 2 4 6

Northeastern AnatoliaEastern Blacksea

AegeanEastern Marmara

Western MarmaraWestern Blacksea


Mideastern AnatoliaWestern Anatolia

IstanbulSoutheastern Anatolia

MediterraneanNUTS-1

Number of Intensive Care Unit Bed

Figure 7.10. Distribution of Intensive Care Unit Beds by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.11. Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018


42,2

41,4

41,2

39,8

41,6

39,3

15,9

16,2

16,4

17,1

18,0

15,9

41,9

42,4

42,4

43,1

40,5

44,8

0 25 50 75 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

%

Year


3,33,9

4,04,14,2

4,34,64,6

4,84,84,8

5,1

5,6

0 2 4 6





Mideastern AnatoliaWestern Anatolia

IstanbulSoutheastern Anatolia

MediterraneanNUTS-1


128


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.12. Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.13. Proportion of Intensive Care Unit Beds to All Beds by NUTS-1, (%), All Sectors, 2018


1,4

1,8

1,8

2,0

2,0

2,0

2,1

2,1

2,1

2,2

2,3

2,4

2,5

0 1 2 3

Istanbul


Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mideastern Anatolia

Mediterranean

Central Anatolia


Western Anatolia

Western Marmara

Western Blacksea



11,2

12,1

13,7

14,1

14,3

14,5

14,9

16,0

16,2

16,4

18,5

19,4

22,0

0 6 12 18 24


Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Aegean

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Istanbul

Mediterranean

Southeastern AnatoliaNUTS-1

%

Figure 7.12. Number of Intensive Care Unit Beds per 10.000 Population by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.13. Proportion of Intensive Care Unit Beds to All Beds by NUTS-1, (%), All Sectors, 2018


1,4

1,8

1,8

2,0

2,0

2,0

2,1

2,1

2,1

2,2

2,3

2,4

2,5

0 1 2 3

Istanbul


Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mideastern Anatolia

Mediterranean

Central Anatolia


Western Anatolia

Western Marmara

Western Blacksea



11,2

12,1

13,7

14,1

14,3

14,5

14,9

16,0

16,2

16,4

18,5

19,4

22,0

0 6 12 18 24


Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Aegean

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Istanbul

Mediterranean

Southeastern AnatoliaNUTS-1

%

129


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç>

5,0

4,0 -

5,0

2,9 -

3,9<

2,9

=

Map

7.3

. Num

ber o

f Int

ensi

ve C

are

Uni

t Bed

s per

10.

000

Popu

latio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

130


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.14. Number of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Beds per 1.000 Live Births by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.15. Number of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Beds per 1.000 Live Births by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018


6,47,7

8,58,58,6

9,09,29,39,39,3

9,911,6

13,4

0 5 10 15


Mideastern AnatoliaEastern Marmara



Central AnatoliaAegeanTurkey

IstanbulMediterranean


NUTS-1

2,32,7

3,13,13,2

3,33,33,3

3,43,5

4,04,34,3

0 1 2 3 4 5

IstanbulEastern Marmara

AegeanMediterranean

TurkeySoutheastern AnatoliaNortheastern Anatolia

Western MarmaraMideastern Anatolia

Central AnatoliaEastern Blacksea

Western BlackseaWestern Anatolia


NUTS-1

Figure 7.14. Number of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Beds per 1.000 Live Births by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.15. Number of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Beds per 1.000 Live Births by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018


6,47,7

8,58,58,6

9,09,29,39,39,3

9,911,6

13,4

0 5 10 15


Mideastern AnatoliaEastern Marmara



Central AnatoliaAegeanTurkey



NUTS-1

2,32,7

3,13,13,2

3,33,33,3

3,43,5

4,04,34,3

0 1 2 3 4 5

IstanbulEastern Marmara

AegeanMediterranean

TurkeySoutheastern AnatoliaNortheastern Anatolia

Western MarmaraMideastern Anatolia

Central AnatoliaEastern Blacksea

Western BlackseaWestern Anatolia


NUTS-1

131


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç>

11,0

8,0 -

11,0

5,0 -

7,9<

5,0

=

Map

7.4

. Num

ber o

f Neo

nata

l Int

ensi

ve C

are

Uni

t Bed

s per

1.0

00 L

ive

Birt

hs b

y Pr

ovin

ces,

All

Sect

ors,

2018

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

132


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.4. Infrastructure of Operating Services in Hospitals by Sectors, 2018


Surgery 953 164 843 1.960

Operating Room 3.490 1.036 2.132 6.658

Operating Table 3.533 1.048 2.140 6.721

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.16. Number of Hemodialysis Centers by Years and Sectors


502

483

471

449

439

235

55

58

57

62

61

39

325

324

332

340

349

170

882

865

860

851

849

444

0 300 600 900

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of Hemodialysis CenterMinistry of Health University Private

Table 7.4. Infrastructure of Operating Services in Hospitals by Sectors, 2018


Surgery 953 164 843 1.960

Operating Room 3.490 1.036 2.132 6.658

Operating Table 3.533 1.048 2.140 6.721

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.16. Number of Hemodialysis Centers by Years and Sectors


502

483

471

449

439

235

55

58

57

62

61

39

325

324

332

340

349

170

882

865

860

851

849

444

0 300 600 900

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of Hemodialysis CenterMinistry of Health University Private

133


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.17. Number of Actively Used Hemodialysis Equipment by Years and Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.5. Actively Used Hemodialysis Equipment per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018

NUTS-1 Ministry of Health University Private Total

Western Blacksea 150,2 17,3 123,3 290,7

Central Anatolia 96,4 16,0 150,3 262,7

Eastern Blacksea 162,2 4,8 91,2 258,2

Aegean 75,6 12,3 168,2 256,0

Western Marmara 95,3 7,0 123,3 225,5

Western Anatolia 48,2 34,0 142,9 225,2

Mediterranean 72,6 20,9 129,6 223,2

Eastern Marmara 72,5 10,8 136,4 219,8

Turkey 72,7 14,1 124,5 211,3

Istanbul 20,7 7,0 151,7 179,4

Northeastern Anatolia 140,7 10,0 21,3 171,9

Mideastern Anatolia 92,6 20,4 46,3 159,3

Southeastern Anatolia 65,6 7,2 52,7 125,5


5.961

5.706

5.426

5.115

4.959

1.510

1.160

1.244

1.206

1.220

1.179

872

10.207

10.013

10.043

10.038

9.926

2.509

17.328

16.963

16.675

16.373

16.064

4.891

0 4.000 8.000 12.000 16.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of Hemodialysis

EquipmentMinistry of Health University Private

Figure 7.17. Number of Actively Used Hemodialysis Equipment by Years and Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.5. Actively Used Hemodialysis Equipment per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018





Aegean 75,6 12,3 168,2 256,0

Western Marmara 95,3 7,0 123,3 225,5


Mediterranean 72,6 20,9 129,6 223,2

Eastern Marmara 72,5 10,8 136,4 219,8

Turkey 72,7 14,1 124,5 211,3

Istanbul 20,7 7,0 151,7 179,4





5.961

5.706

5.426

5.115

4.959

1.510

1.160

1.244

1.206

1.220

1.179

872

10.207

10.013

10.043

10.038

9.926

2.509

17.328

16.963

16.675

16.373

16.064

4.891

0 4.000 8.000 12.000 16.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Number of Hemodialysis

EquipmentMinistry of Health University Private

134


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

> 27

424

1 -27

4

205 -

240

< 20

5

=

Map

7.5

. Act

ivel

y U

sed

Hem

odia

lysi

s Equ

ipm

ent p

er 1

.000

.000

Pop

ulat

ion

by P

rovi

nces

, All

Sect

ors,

2018

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

135


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.6. Number of Equipment of Hospitals by Years

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

MRI 58 757 794 836 884 915

CT 323 1.071 1.119 1.152 1.186 1.211

Ultrasound 1.005 5.286 5.518 5.470 5.635 5.846

Doppler Ultrasound 681 3.151 4.015 4.679 4.892 5.557

ECHO 259 1.793 1.897 2.121 2.269 2.520

Mammography 647* 903 896 931 947 966

Source: General Directorate of Health Services * The number of mammography devices belongs to the year 2008. Table 7.7. Number of Equipment of Hospitals by Sectors, 2018


MRI 336 120 459 915

CT 539 143 529 1.211

Ultrasound 2.716 755 2.375 5.846

Doppler Ultrasound 3.733 491 1.333 5.557

ECHO 1.526 267 727 2.520

Mammography 393 73 500 966


Table 7.6. Number of Equipment of Hospitals by Years

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

MRI 58 757 794 836 884 915

CT 323 1.071 1.119 1.152 1.186 1.211

Ultrasound 1.005 5.286 5.518 5.470 5.635 5.846

Doppler Ultrasound 681 3.151 4.015 4.679 4.892 5.557

ECHO 259 1.793 1.897 2.121 2.269 2.520

Mammography 647* 903 896 931 947 966

Source: General Directorate of Health Services * The number of mammography devices belongs to the year 2008. Table 7.7. Number of Equipment of Hospitals by Sectors, 2018


MRI 336 120 459 915

CT 539 143 529 1.211

Ultrasound 2.716 755 2.375 5.846

Doppler Ultrasound 3.733 491 1.333 5.557

ECHO 1.526 267 727 2.520

Mammography 393 73 500 966


136


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.8. Number of MRI Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018


Mediterranean 4,0 1,5 7,9 13,5


Istanbul 3,7 1,7 7,1 12,5

Turkey 4,1 1,5 5,6 11,2

Aegean 4,7 1,0 5,5 11,1



Western Marmara 3,6 1,4 5,6 10,6

Eastern Marmara 3,9 1,1 5,3 10,3





Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.18. International Comparison of Number of MRI Devices per 1.000.000 Population, 2017


55,2

37,6

34,7

29,1

28,6

27,1

26,5

23,3

23,0

20,4

16,7

16,3

15,2

14,6

14,2

14,2

14,0

13,9

13,7

13,6

13,0

12,4

12,3

11,7

11,6

11,6

11,2

11,1

10,7

10,0

9,9

9,6

9,4

8,3

7,9

7,2

7,1

5,2

4,7

2,6

0

20

40

60

Japa

nUn

ited

Stat

esGe

rman

ySo

uth

Kore

aIta

lyFi

nlan

dGr

eece

Switz

erla

ndAu

stria

Icel

and

OECD

34Sp

ain

Irela

ndEU

27Au

stra

liaFr

ance

Swed

enLa

tvia

Esto

nia

New

Zel

and

Neth

erla

nds

Lithu

ania

Chile

Luxe

mbo

urg

Belg

ium

Slov

enia

Turk

eyCr

oatia

Mal

taCa

nada

Bulg

aria

Slov

akia

Czec

h Re

publ

icPo

rtug

alPo

land

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mRo

man

iaIsr

ael

Hung

ary

Mex

ico

Number of MRI Device

Table 7.8. Number of MRI Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018




Istanbul 3,7 1,7 7,1 12,5

Turkey 4,1 1,5 5,6 11,2

Aegean 4,7 1,0 5,5 11,1









Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.18. International Comparison of Number of MRI Devices per 1.000.000 Population, 2017


55,2

37,6

34,7

29,1

28,6

27,1

26,5

23,3

23,0

20,4

16,7

16,3

15,2

14,6

14,2

14,2

14,0

13,9

13,7

13,6

13,0

12,4

12,3

11,7

11,6

11,6

11,2

11,1

10,7

10,0

9,9

9,6

9,4

8,3

7,9

7,2

7,1

5,2

4,7

2,6

0

20

40

60

Japa

nUn

ited

Stat

esGe

rman

ySo

uth

Kore

aIta

lyFi

nlan

dGr

eece

Switz

erla

ndAu

stria

Icel

and

OECD

34Sp

ain

Irela

ndEU

27Au

stra

liaFr

ance

Swed

enLa

tvia

Esto

nia

New

Zel

and

Neth

erla

nds

Lithu

ania

Chile

Luxe

mbo

urg

Belg

ium

Slov

enia

Turk

eyCr

oatia

Mal

taCa

nada

Bulg

aria

Slov

akia

Czec

h Re

publ

icPo

rtug

alPo

land

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mRo

man

iaIsr

ael

Hung

ary

Mex

icoNumber of MRI

Device

137


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç>

12,1

10,4

-12

,1

7,5 -

10,3

< 7,

5

=

Map

7.6

. Num

ber o

f MR

I Dev

ices

in H

ospi

tals

per

1.0

00.0

00 P

opul

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

138


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.9. Number of CT Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018





Istanbul 4,8 1,9 9,4 16,0


Turkey 6,6 1,7 6,5 14,8


Aegean 7,0 1,2 5,6 13,9






Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.19. International Comparison of Number of CT Devices per 1.000.000 Population, 2017


111,

564

,443

,742

,639

,739

,339

,138

,235

,835

,134

,734

,228

,626

,824

,524

,323

,823

,323

,022

,619

,219

,118

,618

,518

,217

,917

,417

,316

,916

,816

,715

,815

,315

,014

,814

,013

,59,

59,

59,

25,

8

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Japa

nAu

stra

liaIc

elan

dUn

ited

Stat

esDe

nmar

kSw

itzer

land

Latv

iaSo

uth

Kore

aBu

lgar

iaGe

rman

yIta

lyGr

eece

Aust

riaOE

CD35

Finl

and

Chile

Port

ugal

Lithu

ania

Belg

ium EU

Mal

taIre

land

Spai

nSw

eden

Esto

nia

Croa

tiaFr

ance

Slov

akia

Pola

ndLu

xem

bour

gNe

w Z

elan

dCz

ech

Repu

blic

Cana

daSl

oven

iaTu

rkey

Rom

ania

Neth

erla

nds

Israe

lUn

ited

King

dom

Hung

ary

Mex

ico

Number of CT Device

Table 7.9. Number of CT Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018





Istanbul 4,8 1,9 9,4 16,0


Turkey 6,6 1,7 6,5 14,8


Aegean 7,0 1,2 5,6 13,9






Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 7.19. International Comparison of Number of CT Devices per 1.000.000 Population, 2017


111,

564

,443

,742

,639

,739

,339

,138

,235

,835

,134

,734

,228

,626

,824

,524

,323

,823

,323

,022

,619

,219

,118

,618

,518

,217

,917

,417

,316

,916

,816

,715

,815

,315

,014

,814

,013

,59,

59,

59,

25,

8

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Japa

nAu

stra

liaIc

elan

dUn

ited

Stat

esDe

nmar

kSw

itzer

land

Latv

iaSo

uth

Kore

aBu

lgar

iaGe

rman

yIta

lyGr

eece

Aust

riaOE

CD35

Finl

and

Chile

Port

ugal

Lithu

ania

Belg

ium EU

Mal

taIre

land

Spai

nSw

eden

Esto

nia

Croa

tiaFr

ance

Slov

akia

Pola

ndLu

xem

bour

gNe

w Z

elan

dCz

ech

Repu

blic

Cana

daSl

oven

iaTu

rkey

Rom

ania

Neth

erla

nds

Israe

lUn

ited

King

dom

Hung

ary

Mex

ico

Number of CT Device

139


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç>

16,0

13,7

-16

,0

11,3

-13

,6<

11,3

=

Map

7.7

. Num

ber o

f CT

Dev

ices

in H

ospi

tals

per

1.0

00.0

00 P

opul

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

140


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.10. Number of Ultrasound Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018


Istanbul 24,6 7,6 61,1 93,3

Aegean 38,2 16,0 21,0 75,2

Turkey 33,1 9,2 29,0 71,3



Mediterranean 28,6 10,3 28,8 67,7








Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.11. Number of Doppler Ultrasound Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018



Istanbul 46,1 5,9 28,4 80,4



Turkey 45,5 6,0 16,3 67,8




Aegean 38,7 6,5 14,7 59,9






Table 7.10. Number of Ultrasound Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018


Istanbul 24,6 7,6 61,1 93,3

Aegean 38,2 16,0 21,0 75,2

Turkey 33,1 9,2 29,0 71,3



Mediterranean 28,6 10,3 28,8 67,7








Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.11. Number of Doppler Ultrasound Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018



Istanbul 46,1 5,9 28,4 80,4



Turkey 45,5 6,0 16,3 67,8




Aegean 38,7 6,5 14,7 59,9






141


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.12. Number of ECHO Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018


Istanbul 17,8 3,6 14,4 35,8






Turkey 18,6 3,3 8,9 30,7


Aegean 19,8 2,2 8,1 30,1





Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.13. Number of Mammography Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018


Istanbul 3,1 1,1 9,8 13,9





Aegean 6,1 0,8 5,4 12,3

Turkey 4,8 0,9 6,1 11,8








Table 7.12. Number of ECHO Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018


Istanbul 17,8 3,6 14,4 35,8






Turkey 18,6 3,3 8,9 30,7


Aegean 19,8 2,2 8,1 30,1





Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.13. Number of Mammography Devices in Hospitals per 1.000.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018


Istanbul 3,1 1,1 9,8 13,9





Aegean 6,1 0,8 5,4 12,3

Turkey 4,8 0,9 6,1 11,8








142


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.14. Number of Specialty Medical Center and Private Outpatient Clinic by NUTS-1, 2018

NUTS-1 Specialty Medical Center Private Outpatient Clinic

Istanbul 247 145

Western Marmara 12 4

Aegean 110 58

Eastern Marmara 61 19

Western Anatolia 82 45

Mediterranean 66 38

Central Anatolia 7 5

Western Blacksea 20 7

Eastern Blacksea 9 5

Northeastern Anatolia 4 0

Mideastern Anatolia 11 1

Southeastern Anatolia 35 3

Turkey 664 330

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.15. Number of the Institution Providing Oral and Dental Health Care Services by Sectors, 2018


Institution Unit Institution Unit Institution Unit Institution Unit

Oral and Dental Health Center 129 4.317 - - 79 851 208 5.168

Dental Hospital 28 2.103 - - 3 85 31 2.188

Dental Training Hospital 1 97 46 5.412 - - 47 5.509

Dental Policlinic (Hospital) 826 3.823 15 118 214 472 1.055 4.413

Dental Policlinic - - - - 1.888 7.692 1.888 7.692

Total 984 10.340 61 5.530 2.184 9.100 3.229 24.970

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data related to dental clinic and dental prosthesis center belonging to oral and dental health center and hospital exist in Dental Policlinic (Hospital).

Table 7.14. Number of Specialty Medical Center and Private Outpatient Clinic by NUTS-1, 2018

NUTS-1 Specialty Medical Center Private Outpatient Clinic

Istanbul 247 145

Western Marmara 12 4

Aegean 110 58

Eastern Marmara 61 19

Western Anatolia 82 45

Mediterranean 66 38

Central Anatolia 7 5

Western Blacksea 20 7

Eastern Blacksea 9 5

Northeastern Anatolia 4 0

Mideastern Anatolia 11 1

Southeastern Anatolia 35 3

Turkey 664 330

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 7.15. Number of the Institution Providing Oral and Dental Health Care Services by Sectors, 2018


Institution Unit Institution Unit Institution Unit Institution Unit

Oral and Dental Health Center 129 4.317 - - 79 851 208 5.168

Dental Hospital 28 2.103 - - 3 85 31 2.188

Dental Training Hospital 1 97 46 5.412 - - 47 5.509

Dental Policlinic (Hospital) 826 3.823 15 118 214 472 1.055 4.413

Dental Policlinic - - - - 1.888 7.692 1.888 7.692

Total 984 10.340 61 5.530 2.184 9.100 3.229 24.970

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data related to dental clinic and dental prosthesis center belonging to oral and dental health center and hospital exist in Dental Policlinic (Hospital).

143


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.20. Population per Dental Unit by Years, Ministry of Health


Figure 7.21. Population per Dental Unit by NUTS-1, All Sectors, Ministry of Health, 2018


7.931

8.487

8.814

9.344

10.144

61.632

0 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Population

3.245

2.233

3.618

4.703

3.780

2.881

3.554

3.284

3.524

4.718

5.144

3.880

2.491

5.111

5.769

6.169

6.635

6.975

7.556

7.911

7.931

7.936

8.136

9.001

9.374

11.079

0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000

Eastern Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara


Central Anatolia

Aegean

Turkey

Eastern Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia


Mediterranean

IstanbulNUTS-1

PopulationMinistry of Health Toplam

Figure 7.20. Population per Dental Unit by Years, Ministry of Health


Figure 7.21. Population per Dental Unit by NUTS-1, All Sectors, Ministry of Health, 2018


7.931

8.487

8.814

9.344

10.144

61.632

0 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Population

3.245

2.233

3.618

4.703

3.780

2.881

3.554

3.284

3.524

4.718

5.144

3.880

2.491

5.111

5.769

6.169

6.635

6.975

7.556

7.911

7.931

7.936

8.136

9.001

9.374

11.079

0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000

Eastern Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara


Central Anatolia

Aegean

Turkey

Eastern Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia


Mediterranean

IstanbulNUTS-1

PopulationMinistry of Health Toplam

144


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 6.

250

6.25

0 -7.

500

7.50

1 -9.

549

> 9.

549

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

7.8

. Pop

ulat

ion

per D

enta

l Uni

t by

Prov

ince

s, M

inis

try o

f Hea

lth, 2

018

145


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.16. Primary Health Care Facilities by Years, Ministry of Health

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Health Center 5.055 - - - - -

Family Medicine Unit - 21.384 21.696 24.428 25.198 26.252

Family Health Center - 6.829 6.902 7.636 7.774 7.979

Community Health Center* - 970 970 970 972 776

Health House 2.899 5.572 5.544 5.419 5.320 5.259

Child, Adolescent, Women and Reproductive Health Unit (CEKUS)** 298 182 182 181 177 172

Tuberculosis Control Dispensary 277 179 181 180 177 173

Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening and Training Centers (KETEM) 84 132 156 159 166 175

112 Emergency Care Station 481 2.186 2.323 2.400 2.618 2.735

Number of Public Health Laboratories - 83 83 83 83 83

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Emergency Health Services * In districts with a population of 30,000 or more, 423 District Health Directorates, which provide the same services, included the number of Community Health Centers. ** The name of Mother-Child Health and Family Planning Center was changed to Child, Adolescent, Women and Reproductive Health Unit with the regulation published on 25 May 2018. Figure 7.22. Population per Family Medicine Unit by NUTS-1, 2018


2.984

3.040

3.075

3.092

3.116

3.124

3.131

3.138

3.152

3.161

3.188

3.201

3.212

0 1.500 3.000


Istanbul

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Turkey

Western Marmara

Western Blacksea


Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Eastern MarmaraNUTS-1

Population

Table 7.16. Primary Health Care Facilities by Years, Ministry of Health

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Health Center 5.055 - - - - -

Family Medicine Unit - 21.384 21.696 24.428 25.198 26.252

Family Health Center - 6.829 6.902 7.636 7.774 7.979

Community Health Center* - 970 970 970 972 776

Health House 2.899 5.572 5.544 5.419 5.320 5.259

Child, Adolescent, Women and Reproductive Health Unit (CEKUS)** 298 182 182 181 177 172

Tuberculosis Control Dispensary 277 179 181 180 177 173

Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening and Training Centers (KETEM) 84 132 156 159 166 175

112 Emergency Care Station 481 2.186 2.323 2.400 2.618 2.735

Number of Public Health Laboratories - 83 83 83 83 83

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Emergency Health Services * In districts with a population of 30,000 or more, 423 District Health Directorates, which provide the same services, included the number of Community Health Centers. ** The name of Mother-Child Health and Family Planning Center was changed to Child, Adolescent, Women and Reproductive Health Unit with the regulation published on 25 May 2018. Figure 7.22. Population per Family Medicine Unit by NUTS-1, 2018


2.984

3.040

3.075

3.092

3.116

3.124

3.131

3.138

3.152

3.161

3.188

3.201

3.212

0 1.500 3.000


Istanbul

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Turkey

Western Marmara

Western Blacksea


Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Eastern MarmaraNUTS-1

Population

146


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 3.

000

3.00

0 -3.

110

3.11

1 -3.

228

> 3.

228

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Pub

lic H

ealth

Map

7.9

. Pop

ulat

ion

per F

amily

Med

icin

e U

nit b

y Pr

ovin

ces,

2018

147


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.23. Number of Family Health Center Medical Examination Room by Years

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 7.24. Population per 112 Emergency Care Station by Years, Ministry of Health

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services

26.252

25.198

24.428

21.696

21.384

6.076

0 8.000 16.000 24.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Examination Room

29.983

30.867

33.256

33.896

35.542

138.050

0 30.000 60.000 90.000 120.000 150.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Population

Year

Figure 7.23. Number of Family Health Center Medical Examination Room by Years

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 7.24. Population per 112 Emergency Care Station by Years, Ministry of Health


26.252

25.198

24.428

21.696

21.384

6.076

0 8.000 16.000 24.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Examination Room

29.983

30.867

33.256

33.896

35.542

138.050

0 30.000 60.000 90.000 120.000 150.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Population

Year

148


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.25. Population per 112 Emergency Care Station by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 7.26. Number of Ambulance by Years, Ministry of Health


17.543

20.036

20.530

21.467

21.954

25.497

29.983

30.565

30.951

31.046

34.615

34.795

50.226

0 20.000 40.000 60.000

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia


Mideastern Anatolia

Western Marmara

Turkey

Aegean

Mediterranean


Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

IstanbulNUTS-1

Population

4.910

4.922

4.840

4.237

3.740

618

676

838

792

781

904

2.345

5.586

5.760

5.632

5.018

4.644

2.963

0 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Ambulance

Year

112 Ambulance Other

Figure 7.25. Population per 112 Emergency Care Station by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 7.26. Number of Ambulance by Years, Ministry of Health


17.543

20.036

20.530

21.467

21.954

25.497

29.983

30.565

30.951

31.046

34.615

34.795

50.226

0 20.000 40.000 60.000

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia


Mideastern Anatolia

Western Marmara

Turkey

Aegean

Mediterranean


Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

IstanbulNUTS-1

Population

4.910

4.922

4.840

4.237

3.740

618

676

838

792

781

904

2.345

5.586

5.760

5.632

5.018

4.644

2.963

0 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Ambulance

Year

112 Ambulance Other

149


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

18.0

0018

.000

-21

.835

21.8

36 -

29.0

00>

29.0

00

=

Map

7.1

0. P

opul

atio

n pe

r 112

Em

erge

ncy

Car

e St

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, M

inis

try o

f Hea

lth, 2

018

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Em

erge

ncy

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

150


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Figure 7.27. Population per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by Years, Ministry of Health

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 7.28. Population per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018


16.701

16.418

16.491

18.584

20.774

107.446

0 25.000 50.000 75.000 100.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Population

Year

7.273

9.409

10.369

10.613

10.729

13.835

16.694

16.701

18.675

19.266

19.871

22.239

32.404

0 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000


Eastern Blacksea

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara


Turkey

Aegean

Mediterranean

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

IstanbulNUTS-1

Population

Figure 7.27. Population per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by Years, Ministry of Health

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 7.28. Population per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, 2018


16.701

16.418

16.491

18.584

20.774

107.446

0 25.000 50.000 75.000 100.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Population

Year

7.273

9.409

10.369

10.613

10.729

13.835

16.694

16.701

18.675

19.266

19.871

22.239

32.404

0 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000


Eastern Blacksea

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara


Turkey

Aegean

Mediterranean

Eastern Marmara

Western Anatolia

IstanbulNUTS-1

Population

151


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 7.

810

7.810

-10

.999

11.0

00 -

17.5

00>

17.5

00

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Em

erge

ncy

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

7.1

1. P

opul

atio

n pe

r 112

Em

erge

ncy

Car

e Am

bula

nce

by P

rovi

nces

, Min

istry

of H

ealth

, 201

8

152


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.17. Number of Vehicle and Transferred Patients by Types of Specialized Ambulance, Ministry of Health, 2018

Number of Vehicle Number of Transferred Patients

Sea Ambulance 6 3.559

Helicopter Ambulance 17 2.033

Snow-Pallet Ambulance 250 332

Motorcycle Ambulance 62 8.214

Snow Track Ambulance 22 58

Air Ambulance 4 1.289

Intensive Care & Bariatric Ambulance 91 6.891

Ambulance with 4 Stretchers 63 4.729

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Not: Number of specialized ambulance except helicopter, air and sea ambulances is included in 112 ambulance number.

153


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.18. Some Health Indicators by Provinces, 2018

City Number of Hospital

Number of Bed

Number of Hospital Bed per 10.000 Population

Number of Qualified Bed

Number of Intensive Care

Unit Bed

Proportion of Qualified Bed

(Intensive care unit beds are not

included.)

Intensive Care Unit Bed per

10.000 Population

Adana 32 7.033 31,7 4.119 1.391 73,0 6,3

Adıyaman 12 1.304 20,9 907 244 85,6 3,9

Afyonkarahisar 22 2.185 30,1 1.607 237 82,5 3,3

Ağrı 10 878 16,3 714 77 89,1 1,4

Amasya 7 835 24,7 554 78 73,2 2,3

Ankara 88 18.291 33,2 8.831 2.591 56,2 4,7

Antalya 47 7.172 29,6 4.937 1.161 82,1 4,8

Artvin 8 346 19,9 271 31 86,0 1,8

Aydın 23 3.147 28,7 1.818 495 68,6 4,5

Balıkesir 25 3.334 27,2 2.351 458 81,7 3,7

Bilecik 8 335 15,0 108 44 37,1 2,0

Bingöl 8 690 24,5 471 55 74,2 2,0

Bitlis 8 959 27,4 574 104 67,1 3,0

Bolu 11 1.448 46,4 999 155 77,3 5,0

Burdur 8 758 28,1 537 78 79,0 2,9

Bursa 41 7.361 24,6 4.512 1.184 73,0 4,0

Çanakkale 14 1.660 30,7 1.281 178 86,4 3,3

Çankırı 9 465 21,5 359 36 83,7 1,7

Çorum 16 1.662 31,0 1.233 245 87,0 4,6

Denizli 24 3.229 31,4 1.819 514 67,0 5,0

Diyarbakır 27 4.629 26,7 2.026 947 55,0 5,5

Edirne 11 1.936 47,0 1.040 216 60,5 5,2

Elazığ 11 2.991 50,2 1.799 436 70,4 7,3

Erzincan 10 540 22,9 316 54 65,0 2,3

Erzurum 23 3.623 47,2 2.297 417 71,6 5,4

Eskişehir 15 3.547 40,7 2.654 471 86,3 5,4

Gaziantep 30 6.015 29,7 2.835 1.420 61,7 7,0

Giresun 17 1.575 34,7 1.049 230 78,0 5,1

Gümüşhane 6 327 20,1 175 28 58,5 1,7

Hakkari 4 393 13,7 335 47 96,8 1,6

Hatay 25 4.189 26,0 2.628 850 78,7 5,3

Isparta 15 2.022 45,8 1.340 427 84,0 9,7

Mersin 27 4.760 26,2 3.316 911 86,2 5,0

İstanbul 236 39.328 26,1 22.278 7.280 69,5 4,8

İzmir 58 11.982 27,7 6.092 1.780 59,7 4,1

Kars 8 738 25,5 533 98 83,3 3,4

Kastamonu 18 1.100 28,7 655 116 66,6 3,0

Kayseri 27 4.573 32,9 2.837 832 75,8 6,0

Kırklareli 9 907 25,1 581 145 76,2 4,0

Kırşehir 5 472 19,5 406 66 100,0 2,7

Kocaeli 28 4.330 22,7 2.768 879 80,2 4,6

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Emergency Health Services



Number of Bed




Unit Bed



included.)


10.000 Population

Adana 32 7.033 31,7 4.119 1.391 73,0 6,3

Adıyaman 12 1.304 20,9 907 244 85,6 3,9

Afyonkarahisar 22 2.185 30,1 1.607 237 82,5 3,3

Ağrı 10 878 16,3 714 77 89,1 1,4

Amasya 7 835 24,7 554 78 73,2 2,3

Ankara 88 18.291 33,2 8.831 2.591 56,2 4,7

Antalya 47 7.172 29,6 4.937 1.161 82,1 4,8

Artvin 8 346 19,9 271 31 86,0 1,8

Aydın 23 3.147 28,7 1.818 495 68,6 4,5

Balıkesir 25 3.334 27,2 2.351 458 81,7 3,7

Bilecik 8 335 15,0 108 44 37,1 2,0

Bingöl 8 690 24,5 471 55 74,2 2,0

Bitlis 8 959 27,4 574 104 67,1 3,0

Bolu 11 1.448 46,4 999 155 77,3 5,0

Burdur 8 758 28,1 537 78 79,0 2,9

Bursa 41 7.361 24,6 4.512 1.184 73,0 4,0

Çanakkale 14 1.660 30,7 1.281 178 86,4 3,3

Çankırı 9 465 21,5 359 36 83,7 1,7

Çorum 16 1.662 31,0 1.233 245 87,0 4,6

Denizli 24 3.229 31,4 1.819 514 67,0 5,0

Diyarbakır 27 4.629 26,7 2.026 947 55,0 5,5

Edirne 11 1.936 47,0 1.040 216 60,5 5,2

Elazığ 11 2.991 50,2 1.799 436 70,4 7,3

Erzincan 10 540 22,9 316 54 65,0 2,3

Erzurum 23 3.623 47,2 2.297 417 71,6 5,4

Eskişehir 15 3.547 40,7 2.654 471 86,3 5,4

Gaziantep 30 6.015 29,7 2.835 1.420 61,7 7,0

Giresun 17 1.575 34,7 1.049 230 78,0 5,1

Gümüşhane 6 327 20,1 175 28 58,5 1,7

Hakkari 4 393 13,7 335 47 96,8 1,6

Hatay 25 4.189 26,0 2.628 850 78,7 5,3

Isparta 15 2.022 45,8 1.340 427 84,0 9,7

Mersin 27 4.760 26,2 3.316 911 86,2 5,0

İstanbul 236 39.328 26,1 22.278 7.280 69,5 4,8

İzmir 58 11.982 27,7 6.092 1.780 59,7 4,1

Kars 8 738 25,5 533 98 83,3 3,4

Kastamonu 18 1.100 28,7 655 116 66,6 3,0

Kayseri 27 4.573 32,9 2.837 832 75,8 6,0

Kırklareli 9 907 25,1 581 145 76,2 4,0

Kırşehir 5 472 19,5 406 66 100,0 2,7

Kocaeli 28 4.330 22,7 2.768 879 80,2 4,6




Number of Bed




Unit Bed



included.)


10.000 Population

Adana 32 7.033 31,7 4.119 1.391 73,0 6,3

Adıyaman 12 1.304 20,9 907 244 85,6 3,9

Afyonkarahisar 22 2.185 30,1 1.607 237 82,5 3,3

Ağrı 10 878 16,3 714 77 89,1 1,4

Amasya 7 835 24,7 554 78 73,2 2,3

Ankara 88 18.291 33,2 8.831 2.591 56,2 4,7

Antalya 47 7.172 29,6 4.937 1.161 82,1 4,8

Artvin 8 346 19,9 271 31 86,0 1,8

Aydın 23 3.147 28,7 1.818 495 68,6 4,5

Balıkesir 25 3.334 27,2 2.351 458 81,7 3,7

Bilecik 8 335 15,0 108 44 37,1 2,0

Bingöl 8 690 24,5 471 55 74,2 2,0

Bitlis 8 959 27,4 574 104 67,1 3,0

Bolu 11 1.448 46,4 999 155 77,3 5,0

Burdur 8 758 28,1 537 78 79,0 2,9

Bursa 41 7.361 24,6 4.512 1.184 73,0 4,0

Çanakkale 14 1.660 30,7 1.281 178 86,4 3,3

Çankırı 9 465 21,5 359 36 83,7 1,7

Çorum 16 1.662 31,0 1.233 245 87,0 4,6

Denizli 24 3.229 31,4 1.819 514 67,0 5,0

Diyarbakır 27 4.629 26,7 2.026 947 55,0 5,5

Edirne 11 1.936 47,0 1.040 216 60,5 5,2

Elazığ 11 2.991 50,2 1.799 436 70,4 7,3

Erzincan 10 540 22,9 316 54 65,0 2,3

Erzurum 23 3.623 47,2 2.297 417 71,6 5,4

Eskişehir 15 3.547 40,7 2.654 471 86,3 5,4

Gaziantep 30 6.015 29,7 2.835 1.420 61,7 7,0

Giresun 17 1.575 34,7 1.049 230 78,0 5,1

Gümüşhane 6 327 20,1 175 28 58,5 1,7

Hakkari 4 393 13,7 335 47 96,8 1,6

Hatay 25 4.189 26,0 2.628 850 78,7 5,3

Isparta 15 2.022 45,8 1.340 427 84,0 9,7

Mersin 27 4.760 26,2 3.316 911 86,2 5,0

İstanbul 236 39.328 26,1 22.278 7.280 69,5 4,8

İzmir 58 11.982 27,7 6.092 1.780 59,7 4,1

Kars 8 738 25,5 533 98 83,3 3,4

Kastamonu 18 1.100 28,7 655 116 66,6 3,0

Kayseri 27 4.573 32,9 2.837 832 75,8 6,0

Kırklareli 9 907 25,1 581 145 76,2 4,0

Kırşehir 5 472 19,5 406 66 100,0 2,7

Kocaeli 28 4.330 22,7 2.768 879 80,2 4,6


154


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i


Table 7.18. Some Health Indicators by Provinces, 2018 - Continued


Number of Bed




Unit Bed



included.)


10.000 Population

Konya 45 7.527 34,1 4.457 1.159 70,0 5,3

Kütahya 12 1.886 32,6 1.206 200 71,5 3,5

Malatya 17 2.961 37,2 1.747 559 72,7 7,0

Manisa 28 4.580 32,0 3.090 633 78,3 4,4

Kahramanmaraş 19 2.945 25,7 1.767 725 79,6 6,3

Mardin 12 1.446 17,4 951 298 82,8 3,6

Muğla 22 2.040 21,1 1.391 251 77,8 2,6

Muş 7 737 18,1 581 96 90,6 2,4

Nevşehir 10 697 23,4 597 100 100,0 3,4

Niğde 8 888 24,3 594 120 77,3 3,3

Ordu 17 2.144 27,8 1.244 292 67,2 3,8

Rize 11 1.109 31,8 861 100 85,3 2,9

Sakarya 19 1.932 19,1 1.485 309 91,5 3,1

Samsun 26 4.624 34,6 2.809 772 72,9 5,8

Siirt 9 858 25,9 673 112 90,2 3,4

Sinop 7 535 24,3 337 64 71,5 2,9

Sivas 20 2.613 40,4 1.236 342 54,4 5,3

Tekirdağ 18 2.668 25,9 1.680 500 77,5 4,9

Tokat 15 2.199 35,9 1.658 248 85,0 4,0

Trabzon 21 3.247 40,2 1.908 380 66,6 4,7

Tunceli 6 150 17,0 132 18 100,0 2,0

Şanlıurfa 20 4.037 19,8 2.084 986 68,3 4,8

Uşak 8 1.235 33,6 820 147 75,4 4,0

Van 13 2.887 25,7 2.075 570 89,6 5,1

Yozgat 16 1.286 30,3 1.068 123 91,8 2,9

Zonguldak 12 2.195 36,6 986 305 52,2 5,1

Aksaray 10 797 19,3 531 142 81,1 3,4

Bayburt 1 200 24,3 134 23 75,7 2,8

Karaman 6 598 23,7 511 87 100,0 3,5

Kırıkkale 7 1.254 43,8 681 148 61,6 5,2

Batman 11 1.300 21,7 730 403 81,4 6,7

Şırnak 7 631 12,0 458 68 81,3 1,3

Bartın 3 432 21,7 148 51 38,8 2,6

Ardahan 3 200 20,2 181 19 100,0 1,9

Iğdır 4 313 15,9 249 36 89,9 1,8

Yalova 7 568 21,7 329 149 78,5 5,7

Karabük 6 716 28,9 558 114 92,7 4,6

Kilis 2 321 22,5 259 48 94,9 3,4

Osmaniye 10 1.295 24,2 695 301 69,9 5,6

Düzce 8 793 20,4 540 94 77,3 2,4

Turkey 1.534 231.913 28,3 139.403 38.098 71,9 4,6


155


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i



City Number of

Family Medicine Unit

Population per Family Medicine

Unit

Number of 112 Emergency Care

Station

Population per 112 Emergency

Care Station


Ambulance

Population per 112 Emergency Care

Ambulance

Adana 706 3.145 55 40.366 85 26.119

Adıyaman 210 2.974 30 20.817 44 14.193

Afyonkarahisar 241 3.011 36 20.155 60 12.093

Ağrı 164 3.291 20 26.983 45 11.992

Amasya 112 3.013 18 18.750 32 10.547

Ankara 1.704 3.230 146 37.699 226 24.354

Antalya 774 3.135 59 41.125 86 28.213

Artvin 61 2.853 12 14.501 43 4.047

Aydın 359 3.058 35 31.364 64 17.152

Balıkesir 413 2.970 48 25.554 71 17.276

Bilecik 74 3.020 12 18.621 33 6.771

Bingöl 92 3.057 19 14.800 36 7.811

Bitlis 111 3.148 16 21.837 36 9.705

Bolu 100 3.118 18 17.323 43 7.251

Burdur 90 2.999 22 12.269 34 7.939

Bursa 951 3.149 71 42.176 104 28.793

Çanakkale 166 3.257 25 21.626 46 11.754

Çankırı 59 3.667 20 10.818 40 5.409

Çorum 185 2.900 27 19.870 56 9.580

Denizli 328 3.133 35 29.365 62 16.577

Diyarbakır 521 3.325 60 28.873 99 17.499

Edirne 131 3.141 17 24.208 48 8.574

Elazığ 200 2.978 30 19.855 53 11.238

Erzincan 74 3.190 14 16.860 54 4.371

Erzurum 275 2.792 29 26.478 77 9.972

Eskişehir 280 3.111 29 30.041 49 17.779

Gaziantep 696 2.915 49 41.399 75 27.048

Giresun 144 3.152 25 18.156 52 8.729

Gümüşhane 50 3.255 15 10.850 36 4.521

Hakkari 82 3.494 15 19.098 40 7.162

Hatay 501 3.213 58 27.756 89 18.088

Isparta 155 2.848 21 21.020 47 9.392

Mersin 598 3.034 59 30.754 86 21.098

İstanbul 4.957 3.040 300 50.226 465 32.404

İzmir 1.338 3.229 98 44.087 145 29.797

Kars 97 2.978 15 19.259 37 7.808

Kastamonu 115 3.334 32 11.980 53 7.233

Kayseri 441 3.151 49 28.361 74 18.779

Kırklareli 113 3.193 19 18.993 40 9.022

Kırşehir 81 2.986 16 15.117 31 7.802

Kocaeli 572 3.333 43 44.335 69 27.629


156


İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i



City Number of

Family Medicine Unit

Population per Family Medicine

Unit


Station

Population per 112 Emergency

Care Station


Ambulance

Population per 112 Emergency Care

Ambulance

Konya 692 3.187 69 31.965 98 22.506

Kütahya 196 2.949 26 22.229 43 13.440

Malatya 267 2.985 36 22.140 72 11.070

Manisa 450 3.177 52 27.493 71 20.136

Kahramanmaraş 378 3.029 41 27.923 73 15.683

Mardin 257 3.226 24 34.550 41 20.224

Muğla 291 3.325 45 21.500 76 12.730

Muş 126 3.238 16 25.500 38 10.737

Nevşehir 102 2.925 14 21.310 32 9.323

Niğde 121 3.014 21 17.367 41 8.895

Ordu 226 3.416 41 18.828 58 13.309

Rize 103 3.385 25 13.944 44 7.923

Sakarya 307 3.292 31 32.603 50 20.214

Samsun 409 3.266 41 32.578 64 20.871

Siirt 104 3.189 18 18.426 40 8.292

Sinop 65 3.381 19 11.565 35 6.278

Sivas 208 3.109 35 18.475 72 8.981

Tekirdağ 317 3.249 31 33.223 53 19.433

Tokat 200 3.063 28 21.880 58 10.563

Trabzon 269 3.003 37 21.835 56 14.427

Tunceli 29 3.041 12 7.350 31 2.845

Şanlıurfa 607 3.354 50 40.716 90 22.620

Uşak 123 2.988 17 21.618 42 8.750

Van 354 3.175 35 32.108 73 15.394

Yozgat 143 2.972 27 15.740 56 7.589

Zonguldak 195 3.075 23 26.074 39 15.377

Aksaray 132 3.123 20 20.609 38 10.847

Bayburt 31 2.654 7 11.753 25 3.291

Karaman 91 2.768 15 16.794 34 7.409

Kırıkkale 94 3.049 16 17.913 39 7.349

Batman 193 3.104 22 27.232 37 16.192

Şırnak 173 3.030 20 26.210 50 10.484

Bartın 74 2.689 11 18.091 27 7.370

Ardahan 36 2.747 11 8.992 35 2.826

Iğdır 64 3.085 7 28.208 31 6.370

Yalova 76 3.450 10 26.223 22 11.920

Karabük 80 3.100 15 16.534 33 7.516

Kilis 46 3.099 12 11.878 54 2.640

Osmaniye 181 2.953 23 23.235 43 12.428

Düzce 121 3.205 15 25.856 31 12.511

Turkey 26.252 3.124 2.735 29.983 4.910 16.701


157


Healt

h Car

eFa

ciliti

es an

d In

frastr

uctu

res

İlaç İ

statis

tikler

i



The data about the institutions, which served in the year (including those closed) were used in the tables, graphics where the infrastructure and services of the hospitals are provided.


The value of the provinces was rounded up to the closest whole number while making Map 7.1, Map 7.2, Map 7.5, Map 7.8, Map 7.9, Map 7.10, and Map 7.11 in the Chapter. These whole numbers were taken into account while making the Likert scales.

The value of the provinces was rounded up to 1 decimal place while making Map 7.3, Map 7.4, Map 7.6 and Map 7.7 in the Chapter. These whole numbers were taken into account while making the Likert scales.

Totals in distribution tables and figures in the Chapter may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Values in the tables and figures in the Chapter may not give the sum due to rounding.

Prior year data in the Chapter may changed due to TURKSTAT's population revision.

Tables and charts in which the number of hospital beds are indicated for the 2012-2015 periods, “Other” is defined as the hospital beds other than MoH, University and Private sector which are beds in hospitals owned by MoND, municipalities and other public institutions.

The data of the Ministry of National Defense (MoND) has been used as only the number of hospitals and beds before 2012, and has been included in the “Other” sector in the tables and graphs. The data regarding the indicators except for the number of hospitals and beds were included in the Private Sector for the 2012-2015 periods in order to be comparable.

The data belonging to the SSI hospitals for 2002 have been included in the Ministry of Health in order to be comparable.

Hospital Beds: Beds that are used for care and treatment of patients for more than 24 hours, and located in the patient rooms or units that provide continuous medical care for patients. Beds in intensive care units, in premature and newborn units (Incubator, infant bed), in burn centers and burn unit rooms and qualified beds were included in total number of hospital beds.

Qualified Bed: It is bed with a bathroom, a toilet, and a maximum of 2 patient beds, television, telephone, refrigerator, dining table, shelf and a folding companion seat. These figures are included in the total number of beds.

In international comparisons, the number of devices per country belongs to outpatient and inpatient health care institutions. Data of Turkey contains the number of devices in the hospital.

The numbers of Health Center for Women and Family which serve within the municipalities were added to the number of KETEM.

The tables and graphs which show Family Health Centers and the number of Family Health Centers examination rooms: the data for the years 2002 include health centers, and the data for 2014-2018 includes family health centers and its examination rooms.

112 Emergency Care Ambulance: A land vehicle with an ambulance crew, technical and medical equipment that are able to provide emergency medical intervention in any emergency situation for the sick and injured at the emergency scene and in the ambulance.

Other Ambulance: Ambulance of the community health centers and hospitals. The private sector ambulances are not included in the total.

Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s

Chapter 8 Utilization ofHealth CareServices

161


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Table 8.1. Total Number of Visits to a Physician by Years and Type of Health Care Facilities, All Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Health Center 69.103.517 - - - - -

Family Medicine - 214.120.750 208.538.951 205.549.931 228.098.527 258.436.607

Tuberculosis Control Dispensary 2.012.458 1.643.937 1.495.558 1.374.153 1.391.817 1.332.580

CEKUS Unit* 2.980.481 660.056 548.433 525.011 646.856 366.095

Other Examinations Made by CHCs* - 2.234.348 3.457.520 8.080.631 4.496.425 4.821.348

Private Outpatient Clinics 731.132 546.514 523.694 461.013 501.993 539.593

Primary Health Care Facilities Total 74.827.588 219.205.605 214.564.156 215.990.739 235.135.618 265.496.223

Specialty Medical Centers 9.824.802 28.208.781 26.953.360 22.069.610 18.912.829 19.055.722

Hospitals 124.313.659 396.577.644 418.581.931 447.648.830 464.876.362 497.963.259

Ministry of Health 109.793.128 292.100.331 306.825.524 340.080.539 353.703.814 380.623.055

University 8.823.361 32.143.930 34.539.363 36.420.413 38.963.933 42.665.139

Private 5.697.170 72.333.383 77.217.044 71.147.878 72.208.615 74.675.065

Secondary and Tertiary Health Care Total

134.138.461 424.786.425 445.535.291 469.718.440 483.789.191 517.018.981

Total 208.966.049 643.992.030 660.099.447 685.709.179 718.924.809 782.515.204

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services * Consultancy service visits were not included in the number of visits to the physician. Figure 8.1. Total Number of Per Capita Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by Years, All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services

3,2

2,9

2,7

2,7

2,8

1,1

6,3

6,0

5,9

5,7

5,5

2,0

9,5

8,9

8,6

8,4

8,3

3,1

0 2 4 6 8 10

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Per Capita VisitPrimary Health Care Secondary & Tertiary Health Care

Table 8.1. Total Number of Visits to a Physician by Years and Type of Health Care Facilities, All Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Health Center 69.103.517 - - - - -

Family Medicine - 214.120.750 208.538.951 205.549.931 228.098.527 258.436.607

Tuberculosis Control Dispensary 2.012.458 1.643.937 1.495.558 1.374.153 1.391.817 1.332.580

CEKUS Unit* 2.980.481 660.056 548.433 525.011 646.856 366.095

Other Examinations Made by CHCs* - 2.234.348 3.457.520 8.080.631 4.496.425 4.821.348

Private Outpatient Clinics 731.132 546.514 523.694 461.013 501.993 539.593

Primary Health Care Facilities Total 74.827.588 219.205.605 214.564.156 215.990.739 235.135.618 265.496.223

Specialty Medical Centers 9.824.802 28.208.781 26.953.360 22.069.610 18.912.829 19.055.722

Hospitals 124.313.659 396.577.644 418.581.931 447.648.830 464.876.362 497.963.259


University 8.823.361 32.143.930 34.539.363 36.420.413 38.963.933 42.665.139

Private 5.697.170 72.333.383 77.217.044 71.147.878 72.208.615 74.675.065

Secondary and Tertiary Health Care Total

134.138.461 424.786.425 445.535.291 469.718.440 483.789.191 517.018.981

Total 208.966.049 643.992.030 660.099.447 685.709.179 718.924.809 782.515.204

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services * Consultancy service visits were not included in the number of visits to the physician. Figure 8.1. Total Number of Per Capita Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by Years, All Sectors


3,2

2,9

2,7

2,7

2,8

1,1

6,3

6,0

5,9

5,7

5,5

2,0

9,5

8,9

8,6

8,4

8,3

3,1

0 2 4 6 8 10

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Year

Per Capita VisitPrimary Health Care Secondary & Tertiary Health Care

162



Figure 8.2. Per Capita Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.3. International Comparison of Per Capita Visits to a Physician, 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

7,9

8,2

8,6

9,1

9,3

9,5

9,8

9,9

9,9

10,0

10,1

10,3

10,4

2,5

2,3

2,3

2,3

3,3

3,1

3,5

3,2

4,1

3,9

3,4

4,0

3,9

0 3 6 9


IstanbulCentral Anatolia

TurkeyWestern AnatoliaEastern MarmaraEastern Blacksea

Western BlackseaMediterranean

Western MarmaraAegean

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

16,6

12,6

10,9

10,9

9,9

9,5

9,5

8,3

8,0

7,7

7,6

7,3

7,0

6,9

6,8

6,8

6,8

6,6

6,5

6,1

6,1

5,9

5,9

5,8

5,7

4,5

4,4

4,3

4,3

4,1

4,0

3,8

3,6

2,8

2,8

0

5

10

15

20

Sout

h Ko

rea

Japa

nHu

ngar

ySl

ovak

iaGe

rman

yTu

rkey

Lithu

ania

Neth

erla

nds

Czec

h Re

publ

icAu

stra

liaPo

land

Spai

nBe

lgiu

mEU

21OE

CD33

Cana

daIta

lySl

oven

iaAu

stria

Fran

ceLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Icel

and

Irela

ndLu

xem

bour

gNo

rway

Finl

and

Denm

ark

Switz

erla

ndPo

rtug

alUn

ited

Stat

esNe

w Z

elan

dCh

ileM

exico

Swed

enPer Capita Visit

Figure 8.2. Per Capita Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.3. International Comparison of Per Capita Visits to a Physician, 2017

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

7,9

8,2

8,6

9,1

9,3

9,5

9,8

9,9

9,9

10,0

10,1

10,3

10,4

2,5

2,3

2,3

2,3

3,3

3,1

3,5

3,2

4,1

3,9

3,4

4,0

3,9

0 3 6 9


IstanbulCentral Anatolia

TurkeyWestern AnatoliaEastern MarmaraEastern Blacksea

Western BlackseaMediterranean

Western MarmaraAegean

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

16,6

12,6

10,9

10,9

9,9

9,5

9,5

8,3

8,0

7,7

7,6

7,3

7,0

6,9

6,8

6,8

6,8

6,6

6,5

6,1

6,1

5,9

5,9

5,8

5,7

4,5

4,4

4,3

4,3

4,1

4,0

3,8

3,6

2,8

2,8

0

5

10

15

20

Sout

h Ko

rea

Japa

nHu

ngar

ySl

ovak

iaGe

rman

yTu

rkey

Lithu

ania

Neth

erla

nds

Czec

h Re

publ

icAu

stra

liaPo

land

Spai

nBe

lgiu

mEU

21OE

CD33

Cana

daIta

lySl

oven

iaAu

stria

Fran

ceLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Icel

and

Irela

ndLu

xem

bour

gNo

rway

Finl

and

Denm

ark

Switz

erla

ndPo

rtug

alUn

ited

Stat

esNe

w Z

elan

dCh

ileM

exico

Swed

enPer Capita Visit

163


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

8,5

8,5 -

9,5

9,6 -

10,2

> 10

,2

=

Map

8.1

. Per

Cap

ita V

isits

to a

Phy

sici

an in

Hea

lth C

are

Faci

litie

s by

Prov

ince

s, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Pub

lic H

ealth

, Gen

eral

Dire

ctor

ate

of H

ealth

Ser

vice

s

164



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

> 37

34 -

37

30 -

33<

30

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Pub

lic H

ealth

, Gen

eral

Dire

ctor

ate

of H

ealth

Ser

vice

s

Map

8.2

. Pro

porti

on o

f Vis

its to

a P

hysi

cian

at P

rimar

y H

ealth

Car

e Fa

cilit

ies t

o A

ll Se

ctor

s by

Prov

ince

s, (%

), 20

18

165


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.4. Ratio of Total Number of Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by Years, (%), All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.5. Per Capita Visits to a Physician at Primary Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


34

33

31

33

34

36

66

67

69

67

66

64

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

%

Year

Primary Health Care Secondary & Tertiary Health Care

2,2

2,3

2,7

2,8

3,1

3,2

3,4

3,4

3,4

3,6

3,8

3,8

3,9

0,9

0,9

0,8

0,6

1,1

1,1

1,5

1,3

1,3

1,3

1,3

1,5

1,6

0 1 2 3 4

Mideastern Anatolia



Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Turkey

Eastern Blacksea

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Aegean

Western Marmara

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 8.4. Ratio of Total Number of Visits to a Physician in Health Care Facilities by Years, (%), All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.5. Per Capita Visits to a Physician at Primary Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


34

33

31

33

34

36

66

67

69

67

66

64

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

%

Year

Primary Health Care Secondary & Tertiary Health Care

2,2

2,3

2,7

2,8

3,1

3,2

3,4

3,4

3,4

3,6

3,8

3,8

3,9

0,9

0,9

0,8

0,6

1,1

1,1

1,5

1,3

1,3

1,3

1,3

1,5

1,6

0 1 2 3 4

Mideastern Anatolia



Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Turkey

Eastern Blacksea

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Aegean

Western Marmara

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

166



Figure 8.6. Referrals from the Family Medicine Unit by Years, (%), Ministry of Health

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 8.7. Per Capita Visits to a Physician at Secondary and Tertiary Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


22,0

18,2

13,2

10,2

6,4

2,41,3 1,0 0,4 0,7

2,13,0

0,3 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,20

5

10

15

20

25

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

%

5,7

5,9

5,9

5,9

6,3

6,3

6,3

6,4

6,4

6,6

6,6

6,6

6,7

1,6

1,4

2,0

1,5

1,9

1,7

2,0

2,12,4

2,5

2,4

2,6

2,4

0 2 4 6

Mideastern Anatolia


Central Anatolia


Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

Turkey

Mediterranean

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Aegean

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 8.6. Referrals from the Family Medicine Unit by Years, (%), Ministry of Health

Source: General Directorate of Public Health Figure 8.7. Per Capita Visits to a Physician at Secondary and Tertiary Health Care Facilities by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


22,0

18,2

13,2

10,2

6,4

2,41,3 1,0 0,4 0,7

2,13,0

0,3 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,20

5

10

15

20

25

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

%

5,7

5,9

5,9

5,9

6,3

6,3

6,3

6,4

6,4

6,6

6,6

6,6

6,7

1,6

1,4

2,0

1,5

1,9

1,7

2,0

2,12,4

2,5

2,4

2,6

2,4

0 2 4 6

Mideastern Anatolia


Central Anatolia


Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

Turkey

Mediterranean

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Aegean

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

167


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Table 8.2. Per Capita Hospital Visits by Years and Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Ministry of Health 1,7 3,8 3,9 4,3 4,4 4,6

University 0,1 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,5 0,5

Private 0,1 0,9 1,0 0,9 0,9 0,9

Total 1,9 5,1 5,3 5,6 5,8 6,1

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.8. Per Capita Visits to Hospitals by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


5,6

5,8

5,8

5,9

5,9

6,0

6,1

6,1

6,3

6,3

6,4

6,5

6,5

1,5

1,6

1,4

1,3

1,8

1,7

1,9

1,9

2,2

2,3

2,2

2,5

2,5

0 2 4 6

Mideastern Anatolia

Istanbul



Central Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mediterranean

Aegean

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Table 8.2. Per Capita Hospital Visits by Years and Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Ministry of Health 1,7 3,8 3,9 4,3 4,4 4,6

University 0,1 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,5 0,5

Private 0,1 0,9 1,0 0,9 0,9 0,9

Total 1,9 5,1 5,3 5,6 5,8 6,1

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.8. Per Capita Visits to Hospitals by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


5,6

5,8

5,8

5,9

5,9

6,0

6,1

6,1

6,3

6,3

6,4

6,5

6,5

1,5

1,6

1,4

1,3

1,8

1,7

1,9

1,9

2,2

2,3

2,2

2,5

2,5

0 2 4 6

Mideastern Anatolia

Istanbul



Central Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mediterranean

Aegean

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

2002 2018

168



Figure 8.9. Proportion of Visits to MoH Hospitals to All Sectors by NUTS-1, (%), 2018


Figure 8.10. Number of Visits to Dentists by Years, All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health ServicesNote: In 2002, only the values of the Ministry of Health were published.

71

72

76

76

76

76

76

79

80

81

84

84

85

0 30 60 90


Western AnatoliaCentral Anatolia


TurkeySoutheastern Anatolia

Mideastern AnatoliaWestern MarmaraWestern BlackseaEastern Blacksea


%

NUTS-1

53.115.784

49.637.355

44.155.365

39.698.142

37.925.956

5.462.923

0 20.000.000 40.000.000 60.000.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Visit

Year

Figure 8.9. Proportion of Visits to MoH Hospitals to All Sectors by NUTS-1, (%), 2018


Figure 8.10. Number of Visits to Dentists by Years, All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health ServicesNote: In 2002, only the values of the Ministry of Health were published.

71

72

76

76

76

76

76

79

80

81

84

84

85

0 30 60 90


Western AnatoliaCentral Anatolia


TurkeySoutheastern Anatolia

Mideastern AnatoliaWestern MarmaraWestern BlackseaEastern Blacksea


%

NUTS-1

53.115.784

49.637.355

44.155.365

39.698.142

37.925.956

5.462.923

0 20.000.000 40.000.000 60.000.000

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Visit

Year

169


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.11. Per Capita Visits to a Dentist by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.3. Number of Inpatients by Years and Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


University 781.990 1.737.627 1.891.094 1.842.001 1.982.410 1.955.983

Private 556.494 3.900.407 4.237.453 4.048.696 4.120.734 4.019.422

Total 5.508.263 13.034.273 13.533.117 13.452.686 13.709.303 13.651.377


0,55

0,55

0,57

0,60

0,65

0,67

0,68

0,68

0,70

0,76

0,76

0,77

0,81

0,0 0,3 0,6 0,9

Mediterranean

Istanbul


Mideastern Anatolia

Turkey

Western Marmara

Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Central Anatolia


Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

Figure 8.11. Per Capita Visits to a Dentist by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.3. Number of Inpatients by Years and Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


University 781.990 1.737.627 1.891.094 1.842.001 1.982.410 1.955.983

Private 556.494 3.900.407 4.237.453 4.048.696 4.120.734 4.019.422

Total 5.508.263 13.034.273 13.533.117 13.452.686 13.709.303 13.651.377


0,55

0,55

0,57

0,60

0,65

0,67

0,68

0,68

0,70

0,76

0,76

0,77

0,81

0,0 0,3 0,6 0,9

Mediterranean

Istanbul


Mideastern Anatolia

Turkey

Western Marmara

Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Central Anatolia


Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Per Capita Visit

NUTS-1

170



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 0,5

80,5

8 -0,6

7

0,68 -

0,78

> 0,7

8

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

8.3

. Per

Cap

ita V

isits

to a

Den

tist b

y Pr

ovin

ces,

All

Sect

ors,

2018

171


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Table 8.4. Number of Inpatients in the MoH Hospitals and Its Proportion to All Sectors by NUTS-1, (%), 2018

NUTS-1 Ministry of Health Total Proportion of MoH (%)

Northeastern Anatolia 226.932 351.635 65

Western Blacksea 518.492 805.162 64

Eastern Blacksea 349.649 544.428 64

Southeastern Anatolia 927.117 1.471.237 63

Western Marmara 357.147 590.474 60

Mideastern Anatolia 411.877 704.044 59

Eastern Marmara 734.011 1.264.881 58

Aegean 986.387 1.725.104 57

Turkey 7.675.972 13.651.377 56

Western Anatolia 756.761 1.373.908 55

Mediterranean 1.070.053 2.006.718 53

Central Anatolia 384.515 730.072 53

Istanbul 953.031 2.083.714 46

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.5. Number of Surgical Operations by Years and Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


University 307.108 765.549 801.424 799.133 815.076 903.002

Private 218.837 1.587.973 1.604.126 1.499.829 1.525.685 1.531.822

Total 1.598.362 4.798.946 4.770.145 4.772.229 4.931.299 5.201.738










Eastern Marmara 734.011 1.264.881 58

Aegean 986.387 1.725.104 57

Turkey 7.675.972 13.651.377 56


Mediterranean 1.070.053 2.006.718 53


Istanbul 953.031 2.083.714 46


2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


University 307.108 765.549 801.424 799.133 815.076 903.002

Private 218.837 1.587.973 1.604.126 1.499.829 1.525.685 1.531.822

Total 1.598.362 4.798.946 4.770.145 4.772.229 4.931.299 5.201.738










Eastern Marmara 734.011 1.264.881 58

Aegean 986.387 1.725.104 57

Turkey 7.675.972 13.651.377 56


Mediterranean 1.070.053 2.006.718 53


Istanbul 953.031 2.083.714 46


2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


University 307.108 765.549 801.424 799.133 815.076 903.002

Private 218.837 1.587.973 1.604.126 1.499.829 1.525.685 1.531.822

Total 1.598.362 4.798.946 4.770.145 4.772.229 4.931.299 5.201.738










Eastern Marmara 734.011 1.264.881 58

Aegean 986.387 1.725.104 57

Turkey 7.675.972 13.651.377 56


Mediterranean 1.070.053 2.006.718 53


Istanbul 953.031 2.083.714 46


2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


University 307.108 765.549 801.424 799.133 815.076 903.002

Private 218.837 1.587.973 1.604.126 1.499.829 1.525.685 1.531.822

Total 1.598.362 4.798.946 4.770.145 4.772.229 4.931.299 5.201.738


172



Table 8.6. Number and Distribution (%) of Surgical Operations by Surgical Operation Groups and Sectors, 2018

A B C Total


Ministry of Health 281.419 49 919.773 52 1.565.722 55 2.766.914 53

University 135.823 23 354.796 20 412.383 14 903.002 17

Private 161.127 28 501.539 28 869.156 31 1.531.822 29

Total 578.369 100 1.776.108 100 2.847.261 100 5.201.738 100


Table 8.7. Number of Surgical Operations per 1.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018



Mediterranean 37,8 13,4 21,1 72,3

Aegean 34,3 12,8 19,0 66,1

Istanbul 31,1 6,6 26,9 64,6

Turkey 33,7 11,0 18,7 63,4










Table 8.6. Number and Distribution (%) of Surgical Operations by Surgical Operation Groups and Sectors, 2018

A B C Total


Ministry of Health 281.419 49 919.773 52 1.565.722 55 2.766.914 53

University 135.823 23 354.796 20 412.383 14 903.002 17

Private 161.127 28 501.539 28 869.156 31 1.531.822 29

Total 578.369 100 1.776.108 100 2.847.261 100 5.201.738 100


Table 8.7. Number of Surgical Operations per 1.000 Population by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018



Mediterranean 37,8 13,4 21,1 72,3

Aegean 34,3 12,8 19,0 66,1

Istanbul 31,1 6,6 26,9 64,6

Turkey 33,7 11,0 18,7 63,4










173


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Table 8.8. Number of Surgical Operations per 1.000 Population by Surgical Operation Groups and NUTS-1, 2018

NUTS-1 A B C Total



Aegean 7,7 23,2 35,2 66,1

Istanbul 9,1 20,4 35,1 64,6

Turkey 7,1 21,7 34,7 63,4









Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.9. Proportion of Surgical Operations to the Number of Visits to Hospitals by NUTS-1 and Sectors, (%), 2018




Istanbul 0,8 1,5 2,2 1,1

Aegean 0,7 2,0 2,2 1,1

Turkey 0,7 2,1 2,1 1,0










Table 8.8. Number of Surgical Operations per 1.000 Population by Surgical Operation Groups and NUTS-1, 2018

NUTS-1 A B C Total



Aegean 7,7 23,2 35,2 66,1

Istanbul 9,1 20,4 35,1 64,6

Turkey 7,1 21,7 34,7 63,4









Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.9. Proportion of Surgical Operations to the Number of Visits to Hospitals by NUTS-1 and Sectors, (%), 2018




Istanbul 0,8 1,5 2,2 1,1

Aegean 0,7 2,0 2,2 1,1

Turkey 0,7 2,1 2,1 1,0










174



Table 8.10. Number of Days Stayed in Hospitals by Years and Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018


University 6.713.945 10.260.691 10.575.334 10.456.273 11.072.754 10.664.127

Private 1.730.661 9.521.899 10.649.770 10.368.845 11.032.616 11.326.789

Total 32.215.516 51.861.464 53.236.245 54.150.918 56.170.965 56.642.035

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.11. Number of Days Stayed in the Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, 2017, 2018

NUTS-1 2017 2018

Northeastern Anatolia 1.018.924 980.317

Western Marmara 1.550.077 1.602.884

Central Anatolia 1.625.812 1.637.772

Mideastern Anatolia 1.675.644 1.672.992

Eastern Blacksea 1.684.076 1.679.189

Western Blacksea 2.607.858 2.607.776

Southeastern Anatolia 3.218.118 3.193.814

Eastern Marmara 3.580.443 3.512.920

Western Anatolia 3.751.417 3.859.502

Mediterranean 4.111.620 4.325.346

Istanbul 4.597.718 4.685.574

Aegean 4.643.888 4.893.033

Turkey 34.065.595 34.651.119


Table 8.11. Number of Days Stayed in the Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, 2017, 2018

NUTS-1 2017 2018

Northeastern Anatolia 1.018.924 980.317

Central Anatolia 1.625.812 1.602.884

Western Marmara 1.550.077 1.637.772

Eastern Blacksea 1.684.076 1.672.992

Mideastern Anatolia 1.675.644 1.679.189

Western Blacksea 2.607.858 2.607.776

Southeastern Anatolia 3.218.118 3.193.814

Eastern Marmara 3.580.443 3.512.920

Western Anatolia 3.751.417 3.859.502

Mediterranean 4.111.620 4.325.346

Aegean 4.643.888 4.685.574

Istanbul 4.597.718 4.893.033

Turkey 34.065.595 34.651.119


175


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.12. Bed Occupancy Rate by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.13. Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (%)


60,6 61,468,2 65,2 67,5 64,8 63,8 65,0 64,3 66,4 66,4 69,3 71,1 71,7 68,7 69,0 68,0

69,8 72,9 74,779,2 79,7 76,5

84,4 80,772,9 73,6 76,7 74,1 76,7 75,5 76,0 73,4

69,5

32,0 33,1 35,142,0

48,0 46,050,7 50,3 50,8 53,6 51,5 50,5

56,159,6 60,3 61,4 61,8

0

20

40

60

80

100

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

%


59,460,6

66,2

65,5

67,9

64,8

65,7 65,5

63,8

65,6

65,1

66,0

68,769,6

68,1 68,1

66,9

56

58

60

62

64

66

68

70

72

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

%

Figure 8.12. Bed Occupancy Rate by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.13. Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (%)


60,6 61,468,2 65,2 67,5 64,8 63,8 65,0 64,3 66,4 66,4 69,3 71,1 71,7 68,7 69,0 68,0

69,8 72,9 74,779,2 79,7 76,5

84,4 80,772,9 73,6 76,7 74,1 76,7 75,5 76,0 73,4

69,5

32,0 33,1 35,142,0

48,0 46,050,7 50,3 50,8 53,6 51,5 50,5

56,159,6 60,3 61,4 61,8

0

20

40

60

80

100

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

%


59,460,6

66,2

65,5

67,9

64,8

65,7 65,5

63,8

65,6

65,1

66,0

68,769,6

68,1 68,1

66,9

56

58

60

62

64

66

68

70

72

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

%

176



Figure 8.14. Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, (%), 2002, 2018


Figure 8.15. International Comparison of Acute Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals, 2017


58,0

59,9

60,0

66,5

66,8

67,4

67,7

68,0

69,2

69,8

70,9

71,6

72,2

40,3

57,7

60,3

51,9

54,7

61,1

54,1

60,6

64,3

62,4

73,9

64,7

61,1

0 20 40 60 80

Central AnatoliaMideastern Anatolia

Northeastern AnatoliaWestern MarmaraWestern Blacksea


TurkeyMediterranean

Southeastern AnatoliaIstanbul


%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

94,9

93,3

91,6

84,3

84,0

82,0

81,8

81,2

80,7

79,8

79,1

78,9

76,2

75,6

75,5

75,3

75,3

74,4

74,0

73,8

73,2

71,6

71,1

70,7

70,4

70,1

69,5

67,8

66,8

66,7

65,5

65,4

64,0

61,6

0

20

40

60

80

100

Irela

ndIsr

ael

Cana

daUn

ited

King

dom

Denm

ark

Switz

erla

ndBe

lgiu

mM

alta

Norw

ayGe

rman

yCh

ileIta

lyCr

oatia

Fran

ceJa

pan

OECD

30Sp

ain

EU23

Mex

icoAu

stria

Lithu

ania

Sout

h Ko

rea

Latv

iaLu

xem

bour

gEs

toni

aCz

ech

Repu

blic

Slov

enia

Slov

akia

Port

ugal

Turk

eyHu

ngar

yNe

ther

land

sUn

ited

Stat

esGr

eece

%

Figure 8.14. Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, Ministry of Health, (%), 2002, 2018


Figure 8.15. International Comparison of Acute Bed Occupancy Rate in Hospitals, 2017


58,0

59,9

60,0

66,5

66,8

67,4

67,7

68,0

69,2

69,8

70,9

71,6

72,2

40,3

57,7

60,3

51,9

54,7

61,1

54,1

60,6

64,3

62,4

73,9

64,7

61,1

0 20 40 60 80

Central AnatoliaMideastern Anatolia

Northeastern AnatoliaWestern MarmaraWestern Blacksea


TurkeyMediterranean

Southeastern AnatoliaIstanbul


%

NUTS-1

2002 2018

94,9

93,3

91,6

84,3

84,0

82,0

81,8

81,2

80,7

79,8

79,1

78,9

76,2

75,6

75,5

75,3

75,3

74,4

74,0

73,8

73,2

71,6

71,1

70,7

70,4

70,1

69,5

67,8

66,8

66,7

65,5

65,4

64,0

61,6

0

20

40

60

80

100

Irela

ndIsr

ael

Cana

daUn

ited

King

dom

Denm

ark

Switz

erla

ndBe

lgiu

mM

alta

Norw

ayGe

rman

yCh

ileIta

lyCr

oatia

Fran

ceJa

pan

OECD

30Sp

ain

EU23

Mex

icoAu

stria

Lithu

ania

Sout

h Ko

rea

Latv

iaLu

xem

bour

gEs

toni

aCz

ech

Repu

blic

Slov

enia

Slov

akia

Port

ugal

Turk

eyHu

ngar

yNe

ther

land

sUn

ited

Stat

esGr

eece

%

177


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

6262

-66

67-7

0>

70

=

Map

8.4

. Bed

Occ

upan

cy R

ate

in H

ospi

tals

by

Prov

ince

s, A

ll Se

ctor

s, (%

), 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

178



Figure 8.16. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Day)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.17. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (Day)


5,7 5,6 5,65,2 5,2

4,7 4,5 4,6 4,4 4,3 4,3 4,4 4,3 4,3 4,4 4,5 4,5

8,6 8,5 8,3 8,27,8

6,9 6,66,1 6,2

5,8 6,1 6,0 5,9 5,6 5,7 5,6 5,5

3,1 3,0 2,8 2,7 2,41,8 1,8 2,0 2,0 2,0 2,3 2,2 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8

0

2

4

6

8

10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day


5,8 5,85,7

5,3

5,1

4,4

4,14,2

4,1

3,94,0

3,94,0 3,9

4,0 4,1 4,1

3,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day

Figure 8.16. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Day)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.17. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (Day)


5,7 5,6 5,65,2 5,2

4,7 4,5 4,6 4,4 4,3 4,3 4,4 4,3 4,3 4,4 4,5 4,5

8,6 8,5 8,3 8,27,8

6,9 6,66,1 6,2

5,8 6,1 6,0 5,9 5,6 5,7 5,6 5,5

3,1 3,0 2,8 2,7 2,41,8 1,8 2,0 2,0 2,0 2,3 2,2 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8

0

2

4

6

8

10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day


5,8 5,85,7

5,3

5,1

4,4

4,14,2

4,1

3,94,0

3,94,0 3,9

4,0 4,1 4,1

3,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day

179


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Table 8.12. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by the ICD-10 Main Diagnosis Groups, All Sectors, 2016, 2017, 2018


Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases A00-B99 3,9 4,1 4,2

Neoplasms C00-D48 4,5 4,8 4,8

Diseases of the Blood and Blood-Forming Organs and Certain Disorders Involving the Immune Mechanism D50-D89 3,4 3,1 2,9

Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases E00-E90 4,8 4,9 5,0

Mental and Behavioral Disorders F00-F99 12,8 12,9 13,3

Diseases of the Nervous System G00-G99 4,0 4,0 3,9

Diseases of the Eye and Adnexa H00-H59 2,0 1,9 2,0

Diseases of the Ear and Mastoid Process H60-H95 3,4 3,3 3,5

Diseases of the Circulatory System I00-I99 5,0 5,1 5,0

Diseases of the Respiratory System J00-J99 5,5 5,6 5,7

Diseases of the Digestive System K00-K93 3,1 3,1 3,1

Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue L00-L99 2,7 2,8 2,9

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue M00-M99 5,2 5,2 5,2

Diseases of the Genitourinary System N00-N99 3,4 3,5 3,5

Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium O00-O99 2,6 2,7 2,7

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period P00-P96 4,7 5,0 5,1

Congenital Malformations, Deformations and Chromosomal Abnormalities Q00-Q99 4,3 4,4 4,4

Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified R00-R99 3,0 3,0 3,1

Injury, Poisoning and Certain other Consequences of External Causes S00-T98 4,6 4,6 4,9

Factors Influencing Health Status and Contact with Health Services Z00-Z99 3,9 4,1 4,1

Total 4,0 4,1 4,1

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Diagnosis-Related Groups Database

180



Figure 8.18. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, (Day), 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.19. International Comparison of Average Length of Stay in Hospitals, 2017

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

3,4

4,0

4,1

4,2

4,3

4,5

4,6

4,8

4,8

4,8

5,0

5,1

5,1

4,5

5,3

5,2

4,5

5,5

5,7

4,8

5,4

5,5

5,0

5,7

6,3

8,7

0 3 6 9


Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia


Turkey

Western Marmara

Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Istanbul

Day

NUTS-1

2002 2018

28,2

18,5

9,9

9,6

9,3

9,1

8,9

8,9

8,4

8,4

8,3

8,2

8,1

8,1

7,8

7,6

7,5

7,5

7,4

7,4

7,4

7,3

7,3

7,3

7,3

7,1

7,0

7,0

6,9

6,8

6,5

6,1

6,1

6,1

6,0

5,7

5,6

5,4

5,3

5,0

4,1

3,7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Japa

nSo

uth

Kore

aFr

ance

Hung

ary

Czec

h Re

publ

icPo

rtug

alGe

rman

yLu

xem

bour

gLa

tvia

Croa

tiaAu

stria

Finl

and

Switz

erla

ndOE

CD Italy

Esto

nia EU

Gree

ceCa

nada

Mal

taRo

man

iaBe

lgiu

mLit

huan

iaSl

ovak

iaSp

ain

New

Zel

and

Pola

ndSl

oven

iaUn

ited

King

dom

Israe

lNo

rway

Icel

and

Irela

ndUn

ited

Stat

esCh

ileSw

eden

Aust

ralia

Denm

ark

Bulg

aria

Neth

erla

nds

Turk

eyM

exico

Day

Figure 8.18. Average Length of Stay in Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, (Day), 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.19. International Comparison of Average Length of Stay in Hospitals, 2017


3,4

4,0

4,1

4,2

4,3

4,5

4,6

4,8

4,8

4,8

5,0

5,1

5,1

4,5

5,3

5,2

4,5

5,5

5,7

4,8

5,4

5,5

5,0

5,7

6,3

8,7

0 3 6 9


Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia


Turkey

Western Marmara

Aegean

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Istanbul

Day

NUTS-1

2002 2018

28,2

18,5

9,9

9,6

9,3

9,1

8,9

8,9

8,4

8,4

8,3

8,2

8,1

8,1

7,8

7,6

7,5

7,5

7,4

7,4

7,4

7,3

7,3

7,3

7,3

7,1

7,0

7,0

6,9

6,8

6,5

6,1

6,1

6,1

6,0

5,7

5,6

5,4

5,3

5,0

4,1

3,7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Japa

nSo

uth

Kore

aFr

ance

Hung

ary

Czec

h Re

publ

icPo

rtug

alGe

rman

yLu

xem

bour

gLa

tvia

Croa

tiaAu

stria

Finl

and

Switz

erla

ndOE

CD Italy

Esto

nia EU

Gree

ceCa

nada

Mal

taRo

man

iaBe

lgiu

mLit

huan

iaSl

ovak

iaSp

ain

New

Zel

and

Pola

ndSl

oven

iaUn

ited

King

dom

Israe

lNo

rway

Icel

and

Irela

ndUn

ited

Stat

esCh

ileSw

eden

Aust

ralia

Denm

ark

Bulg

aria

Neth

erla

nds

Turk

eyM

exico

Day

181


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 3,

63,

6 -3,9

4,0 -

4,4>

4,4

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

8.5

. Ave

rage

Len

gth

of S

tay

in H

ospi

tals

by

Prov

ince

s, (D

ay),

All

Sect

ors,

2018

182



Figure 8.20. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Patient)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.21. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by Years, (Patient), All Sectors


38,839,7 44,8

45,847,9 50,7 52,1 51,4 52,9 55,9 56,3 57,9 59,8 60,5

56,9 56,2 55,0

29,7 31,5 32,9 35,3 37,4 40,846,4 48,6

43,1 46,2 45,6 45,2 47,4 49,3 48,9 48,0 46,537,5

40,846,2

57,0

74,3

93,4101,9

92,1 91,195,6

81,8 83,2 83,9 86,6 85,9 83,880,1

0

30

60

90

120

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Patient


37,138,3

42,745,0

48,5

53,8

57,9 57,3 57,1

60,8 59,961,2

63,064,6

61,8 60,758,9

30

40

50

60

70

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Patient

Figure 8.20. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Patient)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.21. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by Years, (Patient), All Sectors


38,839,7 44,8

45,847,9 50,7 52,1 51,4 52,9 55,9 56,3 57,9 59,8 60,5

56,9 56,2 55,0

29,7 31,5 32,9 35,3 37,4 40,846,4 48,6

43,1 46,2 45,6 45,2 47,4 49,3 48,9 48,0 46,537,5

40,846,2

57,0

74,3

93,4101,9

92,1 91,195,6

81,8 83,2 83,9 86,6 85,9 83,880,1

0

30

60

90

120

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Patient


37,138,3

42,745,0

48,5

53,8

57,9 57,3 57,1

60,8 59,961,2

63,064,6

61,8 60,758,9

30

40

50

60

70

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Patient

183


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.22. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, (Patient), MoH, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.23. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Day)


48,5

50,4

50,7

50,8

51,3

51,7

51,8

52,9

53,6

55,0

55,1

62,5

74,0

34,8

31,0

39,9

32,8

37,3

36,1

41,1

39,7

40,2

38,8

44,8

44,0

50,0

0 30 60

Western BlackseaIstanbul

Northeastern AnatoliaCentral Anatolia

Western AnatoliaEastern Blacksea

AegeanWestern Marmara

Mideastern AnatoliaTurkey

Eastern MarmaraMediterranean


Patient

NUTS-1

2002 2018

3,73,5

2,6

2,8

2,5

2,5 2,5 2,5 2,52,2

2,2

1,91,8 1,7

2,0 2,02,1

3,7

3,1

2,8

2,12,0 2,1

1,21,4

2,32,0

1,9

2,1 1,8 1,81,8 2,0

2,4

6,6

6,0

5,1

3,7

2,6

2,1 1,8 2,02,0

1,7

2,2 2,21,9

1,71,7 1,7 1,7

0

2

4

6

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day


Figure 8.22. Bed Turnover Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, (Patient), MoH, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.23. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (Day)


48,5

50,4

50,7

50,8

51,3

51,7

51,8

52,9

53,6

55,0

55,1

62,5

74,0

34,8

31,0

39,9

32,8

37,3

36,1

41,1

39,7

40,2

38,8

44,8

44,0

50,0

0 30 60

Western BlackseaIstanbul

Northeastern AnatoliaCentral Anatolia

Western AnatoliaEastern Blacksea

AegeanWestern Marmara

Mideastern AnatoliaTurkey

Eastern MarmaraMediterranean


Patient

NUTS-1

2002 2018

3,73,5

2,6

2,8

2,5

2,5 2,5 2,5 2,52,2

2,2

1,91,8 1,7

2,0 2,02,1

3,7

3,1

2,8

2,12,0 2,1

1,21,4

2,32,0

1,9

2,1 1,8 1,81,8 2,0

2,4

6,6

6,0

5,1

3,7

2,6

2,1 1,8 2,02,0

1,7

2,2 2,21,9

1,71,7 1,7 1,7

0

2

4

6

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day


184



Figure 8.24. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by Years, (Day), All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.25. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by NUTS-1, (Day), MoH, 2002, 2018


4,03,8

2,9 2,8

2,4 2,42,2 2,2

2,32,1 2,1

2,01,8 1,7

1,9 1,92,1

1

2

3

4

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day

1,5

1,8

1,8

2,0

2,1

2,1

2,3

2,3

2,3

2,5

2,7

2,9

3,0

2,7

3,0

3,2

3,5

3,1

3,7

4,6

3,5

4,4

4,8

3,8

3,6

6,7

0 2 4 6

Southeastern AnatoliaMediterranean

Eastern MarmaraWestern Anatolia

IstanbulTurkey

Eastern BlackseaAegean



Central Anatolia

Day

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 8.24. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by Years, (Day), All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.25. Bed Turnover Interval in Hospitals by NUTS-1, (Day), MoH, 2002, 2018


4,03,8

2,9 2,8

2,4 2,42,2 2,2

2,32,1 2,1

2,01,8 1,7

1,9 1,92,1

1

2

3

4

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Day

1,5

1,8

1,8

2,0

2,1

2,1

2,3

2,3

2,3

2,5

2,7

2,9

3,0

2,7

3,0

3,2

3,5

3,1

3,7

4,6

3,5

4,4

4,8

3,8

3,6

6,7

0 2 4 6

Southeastern AnatoliaMediterranean

Eastern MarmaraWestern Anatolia

IstanbulTurkey

Eastern BlackseaAegean



Central Anatolia

Day

NUTS-1

2002 2018

185


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.26. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (‰)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.27. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (‰)


14,8 14,1 13,2 12,6 13,0 12,3 12,5 13,3 12,9 13,915,8 15,7

15,8 16,618,4 18,4

15,5

32,5

31,5 31,6

33,0 27,6 28,026,1

23,5 22,921,6

25,8 25,3 24,522,0

23,922,2

19,8

9,6 9,2 10,18,9

7,8

5,0 5,87,1

8,710,0

12,414,7

15,917,5

19,4 20,321,5

0

7

14

21

28

35

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

‰


16,816,1

15,515,1

14,4

13,112,8

13,2 13,3

14,1

16,216,7

17,017,6

19,5 19,5

17,9

10

12

14

16

18

20

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

‰

Figure 8.26. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by Years and Sectors, (‰)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 8.27. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by Years, All Sectors, (‰)


14,8 14,1 13,2 12,6 13,0 12,3 12,5 13,3 12,9 13,915,8 15,7

15,8 16,618,4 18,4

15,5

32,5

31,5 31,6

33,0 27,6 28,026,1

23,5 22,921,6

25,8 25,3 24,522,0

23,922,2

19,8

9,6 9,2 10,18,9

7,8

5,0 5,87,1

8,710,0

12,414,7

15,917,5

19,4 20,321,5

0

7

14

21

28

35

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

‰


16,816,1

15,515,1

14,4

13,112,8

13,2 13,3

14,1

16,216,7

17,017,6

19,5 19,5

17,9

10

12

14

16

18

20

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

‰

186



Figure 8.28. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, (‰), 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.13. Number of Organ Transplantations by Years, All Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Kidney 550 2.924 3.204 3.419 3.341 3.866

Liver 159 1.212 1.216 1.395 1.446 1.588

Heart 20 78 89 69 77 91

Heart Valve 15 0 0 0 0 0

Lung 0 33 30 22 42 43

Heart-Lung 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pancreas 0 9 7 6 0 4

Small Intestine 1 5 6 0 2 0

Total 745 4.261 4.552 4.911 4.908 5.592


7,8

8,5

10,5

13,6

14,5

14,8

15,5

15,8

17,7

19,5

19,7

20,4

23,9

6,3

10,4

7,7

12,2

6,2

17,0

14,8

26,9

10,9

12,1

17,0

19,7

13,1

0 10 20 30

Mideastern Anatolia



Mediterranean

Central Anatolia

Western Anatolia

Turkey

Istanbul

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Marmara

‰

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 8.28. Crude Death Rate in Hospitals by NUTS-1, MoH, (‰), 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.13. Number of Organ Transplantations by Years, All Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Kidney 550 2.924 3.204 3.419 3.341 3.866

Liver 159 1.212 1.216 1.395 1.446 1.588

Heart 20 78 89 69 77 91

Heart Valve 15 0 0 0 0 0

Lung 0 33 30 22 42 43

Heart-Lung 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pancreas 0 9 7 6 0 4

Small Intestine 1 5 6 0 2 0

Total 745 4.261 4.552 4.911 4.908 5.592


7,8

8,5

10,5

13,6

14,5

14,8

15,5

15,8

17,7

19,5

19,7

20,4

23,9

6,3

10,4

7,7

12,2

6,2

17,0

14,8

26,9

10,9

12,1

17,0

19,7

13,1

0 10 20 30

Mideastern Anatolia



Mediterranean

Central Anatolia

Western Anatolia

Turkey

Istanbul

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Marmara

‰

NUTS-1

2002 2018

187


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Table 8.14. Number of Exams of Some Imaging Devices in Hospitals by Sectors, 2018

MRI CT Ultrasound Doppler Ultrasound ECHO Mammography


University 1.967.369 2.632.116 2.409.065 983.610 937.498 306.181

Private 3.135.503 2.433.929 5.629.537 1.983.226 1.678.765 380.668

Total 15.283.656 18.321.984 26.036.669 17.493.209 9.151.403 2.139.813

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.15. Number of Exams of Some Imaging Devices in Hospitals per Scanner by Sectors, 2018


Ministry of Health 30.300 24.594 6.627 3.891 4.283 3.697

University 16.395 18.406 3.191 2.003 3.511 4.194

Private 6.831 4.601 2.370 1.488 2.309 761

Total 16.703 15.130 4.454 3.148 3.632 2.215

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.16. Number of Exams of Some Imaging Devices in Hospitals per 1.000 Population by Sectors, 2018


Ministry of Health 124 162 219 177 80 18

University 24 32 29 12 11 4

Private 38 30 69 24 20 5

Total 186 223 318 213 112 26





University 1.967.369 2.632.116 2.409.065 983.610 937.498 306.181

Private 3.135.503 2.433.929 5.629.537 1.983.226 1.678.765 380.668

Total 15.283.656 18.321.984 26.036.669 17.493.209 9.151.403 2.139.813




University 16.395 18.406 3.191 2.003 3.511 4.194

Private 6.831 4.601 2.370 1.488 2.309 761

Total 16.703 15.130 4.454 3.148 3.632 2.215




University 24 32 29 12 11 4

Private 38 30 69 24 20 5

Total 186 223 318 213 112 26





University 1.967.369 2.632.116 2.409.065 983.610 937.498 306.181

Private 3.135.503 2.433.929 5.629.537 1.983.226 1.678.765 380.668

Total 15.283.656 18.321.984 26.036.669 17.493.209 9.151.403 2.139.813




University 16.395 18.406 3.191 2.003 3.511 4.194

Private 6.831 4.601 2.370 1.488 2.309 761

Total 16.703 15.130 4.454 3.148 3.632 2.215




University 24 32 29 12 11 4

Private 38 30 69 24 20 5

Total 186 223 318 213 112 26


188



Figure 8.29. International Comparison of Number of Exams per MRI Scanner, 2017


Figure 8.30. International Comparison of Number of Exams per CT Scanner, 2017


16.7

039.

420

8.03

17.

433

6.58

56.

185

5.58

25.

452

5.39

85.

318

5.30

85.

069

4.57

44.

462

4.40

64.

159

4.04

83.

982

3.92

63.

797

3.47

53.

180

3.16

52.

951

2.49

42.

379

2.17

21.

977

1.59

21.

248

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000Tu

rkey

Hung

ary

Fran

ceIsr

ael

Slov

akia

Luxe

mbo

urg

Czec

h Re

publ

icAu

stria

Spai

nSl

oven

iaPo

rtug

alCa

nada

Pola

ndIc

elan

dOE

CD28

Germ

any

Lithu

ania

Latv

iaNe

ther

land

sEs

toni

aDe

nmar

kSw

itzer

land

Aust

ralia

Unite

d St

ates

Italy

Gree

ceJa

pan

Chile

Finl

and

Sout

h Ko

rea

Number of Exam

15.2

47

15.1

3013

.322

11.3

1210

.927

10.0

029.

258

8.90

58.

548

7.94

36.

968

6.76

56.

569

6.18

45.

997

5.86

45.

747

5.36

04.

893

4.72

54.

403

4.39

44.

361

4.35

14.

221

4.18

62.

590

2.15

31.

959

1.80

8

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

Israe

lTu

rkey

Hung

ary

Luxe

mbo

urg

Fran

ceCa

nada

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Aust

riaPo

rtug

alNe

ther

land

sOE

CD29

Czec

h Re

publ

icSp

ain

Unite

d St

ates

Chile

Pola

ndSo

uth

Kore

aIc

elan

dSl

oven

iaSw

itzer

land

Latv

iaLit

huan

iaDe

nmar

kGe

rman

yGr

eece

Italy

Japa

nAu

stra

liaFi

nlan

d

Number of Exam

Figure 8.29. International Comparison of Number of Exams per MRI Scanner, 2017


Figure 8.30. International Comparison of Number of Exams per CT Scanner, 2017


16.7

039.

420

8.03

17.

433

6.58

56.

185

5.58

25.

452

5.39

85.

318

5.30

85.

069

4.57

44.

462

4.40

64.

159

4.04

83.

982

3.92

63.

797

3.47

53.

180

3.16

52.

951

2.49

42.

379

2.17

21.

977

1.59

21.

248

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

Turk

eyHu

ngar

yFr

ance

Israe

lSl

ovak

iaLu

xem

bour

gCz

ech

Repu

blic

Aust

riaSp

ain

Slov

enia

Port

ugal

Cana

daPo

land

Icel

and

OECD

28Ge

rman

yLit

huan

iaLa

tvia

Neth

erla

nds

Esto

nia

Denm

ark

Switz

erla

ndAu

stra

liaUn

ited

Stat

esIta

lyGr

eece

Japa

nCh

ileFi

nlan

dSo

uth

Kore

a

Number of Exam

15.2

47

15.1

3013

.322

11.3

1210

.927

10.0

029.

258

8.90

58.

548

7.94

36.

968

6.76

56.

569

6.18

45.

997

5.86

45.

747

5.36

04.

893

4.72

54.

403

4.39

44.

361

4.35

14.

221

4.18

62.

590

2.15

31.

959

1.80

8

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

Israe

lTu

rkey

Hung

ary

Luxe

mbo

urg

Fran

ceCa

nada

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Aust

riaPo

rtug

alNe

ther

land

sOE

CD29

Czec

h Re

publ

icSp

ain

Unite

d St

ates

Chile

Pola

ndSo

uth

Kore

aIc

elan

dSl

oven

iaSw

itzer

land

Latv

iaLit

huan

iaDe

nmar

kGe

rman

yGr

eece

Italy

Japa

nAu

stra

liaFi

nlan

dNumber of Exam

189


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.31. International Comparison of Number of MRI Exams per 1.000 Population, 2017


Figure 8.32. International Comparison of Number of CT Exams per 1.000 Population, 2017


186

143

114

112

111

94 91 88 87 81 74 71 65 64 63 62 62 61 55 53 52 51 51 50 45 44 44 43 38 36 3625

4

0

50

100

150

200

Turk

eyGe

rman

yFr

ance

Japa

nUn

ited

Stat

esBe

lgiu

mIc

elan

dSp

ain

Denm

ark

Luxe

mbo

urg

Switz

erla

ndIta

lyOE

CD31

Gree

ceSl

ovak

iaUn

ited

King

dom

Slov

enia

Aust

riaLa

tvia

Czec

h Re

publ

icEs

toni

aNe

ther

land

sCa

nada

Lithu

ania

Aust

ralia

Hung

ary

Port

ugal

Finl

and

Israe

lSo

uth

Kore

aPo

land

Chile

New

Zel

and

Number of Exam

256

231

223

214

211

205

201

190

189

173

172

169

154

153

150

150

149

145

144

126

123

115

110

104

102

100

97 94 92 9071

4429

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Unite

d St

ates

Japa

nTu

rkey

Icel

and

Luxe

mbo

urg

Sout

h Ko

rea

Belg

ium

Fran

cePo

rtug

alDe

nmar

kLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Cana

daGr

eece

Aust

riaGe

rman

yIsr

ael

OECD

32Au

stra

liaHu

ngar

ySp

ain

Switz

erla

ndCz

ech

Repu

blic

Lithu

ania

Chile

Pola

ndNe

ther

land

sUn

ited…

Italy

Slov

enia

Finl

and

New

Zel

and

Number of Exam

Figure 8.31. International Comparison of Number of MRI Exams per 1.000 Population, 2017


Figure 8.32. International Comparison of Number of CT Exams per 1.000 Population, 2017


186

143

114

112

111

94 91 88 87 81 74 71 65 64 63 62 62 61 55 53 52 51 51 50 45 44 44 43 38 36 3625

4

0

50

100

150

200

Turk

eyGe

rman

yFr

ance

Japa

nUn

ited

Stat

esBe

lgiu

mIc

elan

dSp

ain

Denm

ark

Luxe

mbo

urg

Switz

erla

ndIta

lyOE

CD31

Gree

ceSl

ovak

iaUn

ited

King

dom

Slov

enia

Aust

riaLa

tvia

Czec

h Re

publ

icEs

toni

aNe

ther

land

sCa

nada

Lithu

ania

Aust

ralia

Hung

ary

Port

ugal

Finl

and

Israe

lSo

uth

Kore

aPo

land

Chile

New

Zel

and

Number of Exam25

623

122

321

421

120

520

119

018

917

317

216

915

415

315

015

014

914

514

412

612

311

511

010

410

210

097 94 92 90

7144

29

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Unite

d St

ates

Japa

nTu

rkey

Icel

and

Luxe

mbo

urg

Sout

h Ko

rea

Belg

ium

Fran

cePo

rtug

alDe

nmar

kLa

tvia

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Cana

daGr

eece

Aust

riaGe

rman

yIsr

ael

OECD

32Au

stra

liaHu

ngar

ySp

ain

Switz

erla

ndCz

ech

Repu

blic

Lithu

ania

Chile

Pola

ndNe

ther

land

sUn

ited…

Italy

Slov

enia

Finl

and

New

Zel

and

Number of Exam

190



Table 8.17. Number of MRI Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018






Mediterranean 25,2 40,4 39,7 29,3

Aegean 26,9 34,7 41,9 29,7


Turkey 26,7 46,1 42,0 30,7





Istanbul 35,6 42,7 35,1 36,0

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.18. Number of CT Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018









Turkey 34,8 61,7 32,6 36,8

Aegean 34,3 62,5 32,5 36,9

Mediterranean 35,0 60,8 34,6 37,4


Istanbul 45,7 43,0 29,0 41,9



Table 8.17. Number of MRI Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018






Mediterranean 25,2 40,4 39,7 29,3

Aegean 26,9 34,7 41,9 29,7


Turkey 26,7 46,1 42,0 30,7





Istanbul 35,6 42,7 35,1 36,0

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.18. Number of CT Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018









Turkey 34,8 61,7 32,6 36,8

Aegean 34,3 62,5 32,5 36,9

Mediterranean 35,0 60,8 34,6 37,4


Istanbul 45,7 43,0 29,0 41,9



191


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Table 8.19. Number of Ultrasound Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018





Istanbul 36,2 47,3 69,0 44,0


Mediterranean 44,0 65,6 67,8 50,4

Turkey 47,3 56,5 75,4 52,3

Aegean 54,6 46,9 74,9 56,5






Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.20. Number of Doppler Ultrasound Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018





Aegean 29,6 19,5 33,3 29,1



Turkey 38,2 23,1 26,6 35,1

Mediterranean 42,5 15,8 22,7 36,4





Istanbul 55,9 15,2 20,9 45,4


Table 8.19. Number of Ultrasound Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018





Istanbul 36,2 47,3 69,0 44,0


Mediterranean 44,0 65,6 67,8 50,4

Turkey 47,3 56,5 75,4 52,3

Aegean 54,6 46,9 74,9 56,5






Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.20. Number of Doppler Ultrasound Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018





Aegean 29,6 19,5 33,3 29,1



Turkey 38,2 23,1 26,6 35,1

Mediterranean 42,5 15,8 22,7 36,4





Istanbul 55,9 15,2 20,9 45,4


192



Table 8.21. Number of ECHO Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018






Istanbul 15,7 31,1 20,5 17,9

Turkey 17,2 22,0 22,5 18,4




Mediterranean 18,6 23,5 17,4 18,8

Aegean 17,7 13,0 30,2 18,9



Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.22. Number of Mammography Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018









Turkey 3,8 7,2 5,1 4,3


Aegean 4,4 7,3 4,9 4,7


Istanbul 5,5 6,0 7,7 6,0



Table 8.21. Number of ECHO Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018






Istanbul 15,7 31,1 20,5 17,9

Turkey 17,2 22,0 22,5 18,4




Mediterranean 18,6 23,5 17,4 18,8

Aegean 17,7 13,0 30,2 18,9



Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 8.22. Number of Mammography Exams in Hospitals per 1.000 Consultation by NUTS-1 and Sectors, 2018









Turkey 3,8 7,2 5,1 4,3


Aegean 4,4 7,3 4,9 4,7


Istanbul 5,5 6,0 7,7 6,0



193


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.33. Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Station by Years

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 8.34. Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Station by NUTS-1, 2002, 2018


1.998

1.980

2.073

1.855

1.842

796

0 600 1.200 1.800 2.400

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Case

Year

1.555

1.654

1.669

1.675

1.826

1.842

1.998

2.022

2.055

2.163

2.253

2.317

2.390

684

564

733

608

608

649

796

780

726

1.414

786

888

979

0 600 1.200 1.800 2.400



Southeastern AnatoliaCentral Anatolia


AegeanIstanbul

MediterraneanWestern AnatoliaEastern Marmara

Number of Case

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 8.33. Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Station by Years

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 8.34. Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Station by NUTS-1, 2002, 2018


1.998

1.980

2.073

1.855

1.842

796

0 600 1.200 1.800 2.400

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Case

Year

1.555

1.654

1.669

1.675

1.826

1.842

1.998

2.022

2.055

2.163

2.253

2.317

2.390

684

564

733

608

608

649

796

780

726

1.414

786

888

979

0 600 1.200 1.800 2.400



Southeastern AnatoliaCentral Anatolia


AegeanIstanbul

MediterraneanWestern AnatoliaEastern Marmara

Number of Case

NUTS-1

2002 2018

194



Figure 8.35. Total Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by Years

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 8.36. Total Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by NUTS-1, 2002, 2018


1.113

1.053

1.028

1.017

1.077

620

0 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Case

Year

560

735

895

897

952

982

1.097

1.113

1.256

1.365

1.396

1.403

1.489

430

489

508

509

511

419

613

620

533

749

1.339

566

888

0 400 800 1.200 1.600


Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia


Western Marmara

Turkey

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

Mediterranean

Western Anatolia

Number of Case

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 8.35. Total Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by Years

Source: General Directorate of Emergency Health Services Figure 8.36. Total Number of Case per 112 Emergency Care Ambulance by NUTS-1, 2002, 2018


1.113

1.053

1.028

1.017

1.077

620

0 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2002

Number of Case

Year

560

735

895

897

952

982

1.097

1.113

1.256

1.365

1.396

1.403

1.489

430

489

508

509

511

419

613

620

533

749

1.339

566

888

0 400 800 1.200 1.600


Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia


Western Marmara

Turkey

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

Mediterranean

Western Anatolia

Number of Case

NUTS-1

2002 2018

195


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.37. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT, Life Satisfaction Survey 2003-2018 Figure 8.38. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT, Life Satisfaction Survey 2009-2018 Note: “Total” data refers to the satisfaction ratio with healthcare services of all healthcare facilities.

70,4

71,7

75,4

72,3

70,6

39,5

13,9

13,0

11,6

12,2

11,8

39,3

15,1

14,7

12,3

14,5

16,7

21,2

0,5

0,7

0,7

0,9

0,9

0 25 50 75 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2003

%

Year

Satisfied Neither Satisfied Nor Unsatisfied Not Satisfied No Idea

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018State Hospital 66,5 74,8 76,4 75,7 75,5 72,4 75,0 77,8 73,2 72,6University Hospital 56,5 68,5 71,2 72,1 68,5 57,2 70,3 69,3 66,6 63,7Private Hospital 61,2 66,2 70,4 67,1 64,9 57,8 60,3 64,3 61,5 57,5Total 65,1 73,0 75,9 74,8 74,7 70,6 72,3 75,4 71,7 70,4

66,5

72,6

56,5

63,7

61,257,5

65,1

70,4

55

60

65

70

75

80%

Figure 8.37. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT, Life Satisfaction Survey 2003-2018 Figure 8.38. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT, Life Satisfaction Survey 2009-2018 Note: “Total” data refers to the satisfaction ratio with healthcare services of all healthcare facilities.

70,4

71,7

75,4

72,3

70,6

39,5

13,9

13,0

11,6

12,2

11,8

39,3

15,1

14,7

12,3

14,5

16,7

21,2

0,5

0,7

0,7

0,9

0,9

0 25 50 75 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2003

%

Year


2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018State Hospital 66,5 74,8 76,4 75,7 75,5 72,4 75,0 77,8 73,2 72,6University Hospital 56,5 68,5 71,2 72,1 68,5 57,2 70,3 69,3 66,6 63,7Private Hospital 61,2 66,2 70,4 67,1 64,9 57,8 60,3 64,3 61,5 57,5Total 65,1 73,0 75,9 74,8 74,7 70,6 72,3 75,4 71,7 70,4

66,5

72,6

56,5

63,7

61,257,5

65,1

70,4

55

60

65

70

75

80%

196



Table 8.23. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services, (%), 2018


Hospitals

State 72,6 12,3 14,4 0,6

University 63,7 18,9 17,4 0,0

Private 57,5 19,6 22,2 0,7

Family Health Center 72,0 14,2 13,4 0,4

Private Policlinic 59,6 11,7 23,8 4,9

Organization's Doctor 48,7 23,1 28,2 0,0

Private Medical Centers 38,7 25,2 17,7 18,4

Source: TURKSTAT, Life Satisfaction Survey 2018 Figure 8.39. International Comparison of Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services, (%), 2007, 2018

Source: TURKSTAT Life Satisfaction Survey, OECD Health Data 2019

69 6770

70

20

40

60

80

100

Neth

erla

nds

Belg

ium

Norw

aySw

itzer

land

Denm

ark

Aust

ralia

Aust

riaNe

w Z

elan

dGe

rman

yLu

xem

bour

gFi

nlan

dSw

eden

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mSl

oven

iaUn

ited

Stat

esCa

nada

Czec

h Re

publ

icJa

pan

Sout

h Ko

rea

OECD

Fran

ceIsr

ael

Spai

nIre

land

Port

ugal

Slov

akia

Esto

nia

Turk

eyM

exico

Lithu

ania

Pola

ndIta

lyHu

ngar

yGr

eece

Chile

Latv

ia

2007 2018

%

Table 8.23. Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services, (%), 2018


Hospitals

State 72,6 12,3 14,4 0,6

University 63,7 18,9 17,4 0,0

Private 57,5 19,6 22,2 0,7

Family Health Center 72,0 14,2 13,4 0,4

Private Policlinic 59,6 11,7 23,8 4,9

Organization's Doctor 48,7 23,1 28,2 0,0

Private Medical Centers 38,7 25,2 17,7 18,4

Source: TURKSTAT, Life Satisfaction Survey 2018 Figure 8.39. International Comparison of Satisfaction Ratio with Healthcare Services, (%), 2007, 2018

Source: TURKSTAT Life Satisfaction Survey, OECD Health Data 2019

69 6770

70

20

40

60

80

100

Neth

erla

nds

Belg

ium

Norw

aySw

itzer

land

Denm

ark

Aust

ralia

Aust

riaNe

w Z

elan

dGe

rman

yLu

xem

bour

gFi

nlan

dSw

eden

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mSl

oven

iaUn

ited

Stat

esCa

nada

Czec

h Re

publ

icJa

pan

Sout

h Ko

rea

OECD

Fran

ceIsr

ael

Spai

nIre

land

Port

ugal

Slov

akia

Esto

nia

Turk

eyM

exico

Lithu

ania

Pola

ndIta

lyHu

ngar

yGr

eece

Chile

Latv

ia

2007 2018

%

197


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s


Figure 8.40. Satisfaction with Health Care Services, (%), 2018 and Public Current Health Expenditure Per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s expenditure data belongs to the year 2018. The country values of expenditure belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 8.41. Satisfaction with Health Care Services, (%), 2018 and Total Current Health Expenditure Per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s expenditure data belongs to the year 2018. The country values of expenditure belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

40 40 4248 49 50 53

58 61 63 63 64 66 68 69 70 70 71 72 75 75 76 77 78 79 79 80 81 83 85 86 88 88 89 89 90

1.25

494

6 1.34

31.

382 2.

495

1.42

31.

451

569

1.58

51.

829

1.74

93.

394

2.27

71.

697

4.11

12.

930

914 1.

690

3.89

33.

360

2.34

0

8.627

2.02

2 3.10

73.

101 4.

406

4.15

1 4.93

32.

941 3.90

03.

301 4.

545

4.22

23.

733

5.18

34.

204

0

25

50

75

100

0

1.500

3.000

4.500

6.000

7.500

9.000

Chile

Latv

iaGr

eece

Hung

ary

Italy

Pola

ndLit

huan

iaM

exico

Esto

nia

Port

ugal

Slov

akia

Irela

ndSp

ain

Israe

lFr

ance

OECD

Turk

eySo

uth

Kore

aJa

pan

Cana

daCz

ech

Repu

blic

Unite

d St

ates

Slov

enia

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mFi

nlan

dSw

eden

Luxe

mbo

urg

Germ

any

New

Zel

and

Aust

riaAu

stra

liaSw

itzer

land

Denm

ark

Belg

ium

Norw

ayNe

ther

land

s

%PPP US $

Satisfaction (%) PPP US $

40 40 4248 49 50 53

58 61 63 63 64 66 68 69 70 70 71 72 75 75 76 77 78 79 79 80 81 83 85 86 88 88 89 89 90

2.09

51.

649

2.20

71.

996 3.

376

2.04

82.

182

1.10

5 2.12

02.

759

2.18

84.

631

3.22

42.

666

4.93

13.

857

1.18

12.

870

4.63

04.

812

2.85

0

10.207

2.80

1 3.94

34.

127 5.

264

4.94

1 5.84

83.

742 5.

270

4.79

17.

147

5.02

54.

832 6.

064

5.15

5

0

25

50

75

100

0

1.500

3.000

4.500

6.000

7.500

9.000

10.500

Chile

Latv

iaGr

eece

Hung

ary

Italy

Pola

ndLit

huan

iaM

exico

Esto

nia

Port

ugal

Slov

akia

Irela

ndSp

ain

Israe

lFr

ance

OECD

Turk

eySo

uth

Kore

aJa

pan

Cana

daCz

ech

Repu

blic

Unite

d St

ates

Slov

enia

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mFi

nlan

dSw

eden

Luxe

mbo

urg

Germ

any

New

Zel

and

Aust

riaAu

stra

liaSw

itzer

land

Denm

ark

Belg

ium

Norw

ayNe

ther

land

s

%PPP US $


Figure 8.40. Satisfaction with Health Care Services, (%), 2018 and Public Current Health Expenditure Per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s expenditure data belongs to the year 2018. The country values of expenditure belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 8.41. Satisfaction with Health Care Services, (%), 2018 and Total Current Health Expenditure Per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017


40 40 4248 49 50 53

58 61 63 63 64 66 68 69 70 70 71 72 75 75 76 77 78 79 79 80 81 83 85 86 88 88 89 89 90

1.25

494

6 1.34

31.

382 2.

495

1.42

31.

451

569

1.58

51.

829

1.74

93.

394

2.27

71.

697

4.11

12.

930

914 1.

690

3.89

33.

360

2.34

0

8.627

2.02

2 3.10

73.

101 4.

406

4.15

1 4.93

32.

941 3.90

03.

301 4.

545

4.22

23.

733

5.18

34.

204

0

25

50

75

100

0

1.500

3.000

4.500

6.000

7.500

9.000

Chile

Latv

iaGr

eece

Hung

ary

Italy

Pola

ndLit

huan

iaM

exico

Esto

nia

Port

ugal

Slov

akia

Irela

ndSp

ain

Israe

lFr

ance

OECD

Turk

eySo

uth

Kore

aJa

pan

Cana

daCz

ech

Repu

blic

Unite

d St

ates

Slov

enia

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mFi

nlan

dSw

eden

Luxe

mbo

urg

Germ

any

New

Zel

and

Aust

riaAu

stra

liaSw

itzer

land

Denm

ark

Belg

ium

Norw

ayNe

ther

land

s

%PPP US $


40 40 4248 49 50 53

58 61 63 63 64 66 68 69 70 70 71 72 75 75 76 77 78 79 79 80 81 83 85 86 88 88 89 89 90

2.09

51.

649

2.20

71.

996 3.

376

2.04

82.

182

1.10

5 2.12

02.

759

2.18

84.

631

3.22

42.

666

4.93

13.

857

1.18

12.

870

4.63

04.

812

2.85

0

10.207

2.80

1 3.94

34.

127 5.

264

4.94

1 5.84

83.

742 5.

270

4.79

17.

147

5.02

54.

832 6.

064

5.15

5

0

25

50

75

100

0

1.500

3.000

4.500

6.000

7.500

9.000

10.500

Chile

Latv

iaGr

eece

Hung

ary

Italy

Pola

ndLit

huan

iaM

exico

Esto

nia

Port

ugal

Slov

akia

Irela

ndSp

ain

Israe

lFr

ance

OECD

Turk

eySo

uth

Kore

aJa

pan

Cana

daCz

ech

Repu

blic

Unite

d St

ates

Slov

enia

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mFi

nlan

dSw

eden

Luxe

mbo

urg

Germ

any

New

Zel

and

Aust

riaAu

stra

liaSw

itzer

land

Denm

ark

Belg

ium

Norw

ayNe

ther

land

s

%PPP US $


198



Figure 8.42. Satisfaction with Health Care Services (%), 2018 and Total Current Health Expenditure per Capita, (PPP US $), 2017


Figure 8.43. Life Expectancy at Birth, (Age) and Total Current Health Expenditure Per Capita, (PPP US $), 2002, 2017 Source: TURKSTAT, UNPD, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

ChileLatvia

Greece

Hungary ItalyPoland

Lithuania

Mexico EstoniaPortugalSlovakia Ireland

SpainIsrael FranceOECDTurkeySouth Korea Japan

CanadaCzech Republic

United StatesSloveniaUnited Kingdom

Finland SwedenLuxembourg Germany

New Zeland AustriaAustraliaSwitzerland

DenmarkBelgium NorwayNetherlands

35

45

55

65

75

85

95

0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000

%

PPP US $




ChileLatvia

Greece

Hungary ItalyPoland

Lithuania








35

45

55

65

75

85

95

0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000

%

PPP US $

68

70

72

74

76

78

80

82

84

86

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Age

PPP US $ (in thousand)

2017 OECD Average 3,9 PPP US $

2002 2017

United States

Japan

ChileSouth Korea

United Kingdom

Denmark

FranceGermany

Turkey

2018 OECD Average 80,9 Years




ChileLatvia

Greece

Hungary ItalyPoland

Lithuania








35

45

55

65

75

85

95

0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000

%

PPP US $

199


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s



City Primary Health Care Facilities Visits

Secondary and Tertiary Health Care Visits

Per Capita Physician Visits

Number of Dentist Visits

Per Capita Dentist Visits

Adana 10.054.256 13.901.085 10,8 1.069.734 0,48

Adıyaman 1.780.532 3.684.530 8,8 453.312 0,73

Afyonkarahisar 2.691.365 4.343.764 9,7 385.352 0,53

Ağrı 775.516 2.880.230 6,8 267.110 0,49

Amasya 1.366.404 2.125.035 10,3 254.928 0,76

Ankara 16.399.003 37.622.130 9,8 4.265.952 0,78

Antalya 8.007.437 16.104.615 9,9 1.409.124 0,58

Artvin 457.789 956.722 8,1 115.505 0,66

Aydın 3.886.083 7.933.151 10,8 707.981 0,64

Balıkesir 4.952.191 7.830.040 10,4 757.397 0,62

Bilecik 774.494 1.238.736 9,0 165.922 0,74

Bingöl 524.059 1.413.241 6,9 175.893 0,63

Bitlis 499.531 1.978.622 7,1 173.908 0,50

Bolu 1.087.739 2.343.824 11,0 431.060 1,38

Burdur 946.977 1.781.922 10,1 168.865 0,63

Bursa 11.554.591 17.540.933 9,7 1.837.841 0,61

Çanakkale 2.101.795 3.428.504 10,2 315.954 0,58

Çankırı 567.277 1.112.999 7,8 139.229 0,64

Çorum 1.629.064 3.184.885 9,0 364.318 0,68

Denizli 4.550.310 6.771.834 11,0 703.577 0,68

Diyarbakır 5.233.747 9.014.680 8,2 942.753 0,54

Edirne 1.742.974 3.247.625 12,1 289.926 0,70

Elazığ 1.934.247 3.656.923 9,4 459.390 0,77

Erzincan 613.853 1.416.308 8,6 185.445 0,79

Erzurum 2.054.355 5.130.724 9,4 756.410 0,99

Eskişehir 2.994.945 5.907.338 10,2 853.964 0,98

Gaziantep 6.433.645 13.704.393 9,9 1.466.901 0,72

Giresun 1.628.901 2.789.364 9,7 242.915 0,54

Gümüşhane 376.742 735.085 6,8 106.197 0,65

Hakkari 336.805 1.255.858 5,6 119.571 0,42

Hatay 5.399.690 10.018.429 9,6 842.834 0,52

Isparta 1.698.845 3.437.143 11,6 597.572 1,35

Mersin 8.131.344 10.541.718 10,3 755.163 0,42

İstanbul 42.092.404 94.393.122 9,1 8.333.984 0,55

İzmir 15.908.843 29.329.318 10,5 3.213.941 0,74

Kars 622.542 1.554.574 7,5 179.778 0,62

Kastamonu 1.189.639 2.102.281 8,6 242.268 0,63

Kayseri 5.163.205 8.252.804 9,7 1.163.812 0,84

Kırklareli 1.405.453 2.161.158 9,9 243.074 0,67

Kırşehir 599.155 1.474.877 8,6 211.450 0,87

Kocaeli 6.375.340 12.484.691 9,9 1.320.051 0,69


200









Konya 7.868.468 14.099.307 10,0 1.733.050 0,79

Kütahya 2.444.917 3.277.457 9,9 358.345 0,62

Malatya 2.409.721 5.271.534 9,6 643.881 0,81

Manisa 4.974.898 9.710.316 10,3 968.865 0,68

Kahramanmaraş 3.228.591 7.594.697 9,5 616.315 0,54

Mardin 2.029.952 4.581.399 8,0 404.221 0,49

Muğla 3.842.896 5.451.485 9,6 559.918 0,58

Muş 671.514 2.250.563 7,2 200.308 0,49

Nevşehir 1.190.383 1.650.820 9,5 204.419 0,69

Niğde 1.246.552 2.083.260 9,1 218.140 0,60

Ordu 2.533.979 4.722.301 9,4 481.782 0,62

Rize 1.127.294 2.722.846 11,0 229.136 0,66

Sakarya 3.737.776 6.282.618 9,9 546.449 0,54

Samsun 5.142.850 9.752.732 11,2 1.295.926 0,97

Siirt 630.941 1.829.545 7,4 160.961 0,49

Sinop 776.641 1.275.265 9,3 169.891 0,77

Sivas 1.852.752 4.333.244 9,6 549.535 0,85

Tekirdağ 3.739.358 6.185.690 9,6 770.220 0,75

Tokat 1.833.653 3.858.757 9,3 517.246 0,84

Trabzon 3.018.712 5.919.030 11,1 675.910 0,84

Tunceli 308.229 409.722 8,1 77.065 0,87

Şanlıurfa 4.670.352 12.871.921 8,6 933.705 0,46

Uşak 1.671.611 2.302.747 10,8 211.771 0,58

Van 2.089.272 6.021.366 7,2 495.368 0,44

Yozgat 1.256.981 2.513.099 8,9 243.147 0,57

Zonguldak 1.628.448 4.558.677 10,3 507.961 0,85

Aksaray 1.431.547 2.159.875 8,7 200.297 0,49

Bayburt 194.570 462.333 8,0 72.996 0,89

Karaman 802.721 1.483.994 9,1 159.455 0,63

Kırıkkale 963.035 1.665.412 9,2 278.976 0,97

Batman 1.396.957 3.514.297 8,2 316.998 0,53

Şırnak 816.250 2.318.073 6,0 201.780 0,38

Bartın 863.322 1.359.012 11,2 140.917 0,71

Ardahan 312.076 494.404 8,2 80.953 0,82

Iğdır 472.389 1.157.824 8,3 136.853 0,69

Yalova 1.035.252 1.853.718 11,0 170.683 0,65

Karabük 900.648 1.727.462 10,6 182.218 0,73

Kilis 472.842 1.060.532 10,8 143.401 1,01

Osmaniye 1.914.341 3.212.182 9,6 303.128 0,57

Düzce 1.450.445 2.234.250 9,5 263.233 0,68

Turkey 265.496.223 517.018.981 9,5 53.115.784 0,65








Konya 7.868.468 14.099.307 10,0 1.733.050 0,79

Kütahya 2.444.917 3.277.457 9,9 358.345 0,62

Malatya 2.409.721 5.271.534 9,6 643.881 0,81

Manisa 4.974.898 9.710.316 10,3 968.865 0,68

Kahramanmaraş 3.228.591 7.594.697 9,5 616.315 0,54

Mardin 2.029.952 4.581.399 8,0 404.221 0,49

Muğla 3.842.896 5.451.485 9,6 559.918 0,58

Muş 671.514 2.250.563 7,2 200.308 0,49

Nevşehir 1.190.383 1.650.820 9,5 204.419 0,69

Niğde 1.246.552 2.083.260 9,1 218.140 0,60

Ordu 2.533.979 4.722.301 9,4 481.782 0,62

Rize 1.127.294 2.722.846 11,0 229.136 0,66

Sakarya 3.737.776 6.282.618 9,9 546.449 0,54

Samsun 5.142.850 9.752.732 11,2 1.295.926 0,97

Siirt 630.941 1.829.545 7,4 160.961 0,49

Sinop 776.641 1.275.265 9,3 169.891 0,77

Sivas 1.852.752 4.333.244 9,6 549.535 0,85

Tekirdağ 3.739.358 6.185.690 9,6 770.220 0,75

Tokat 1.833.653 3.858.757 9,3 517.246 0,84

Trabzon 3.018.712 5.919.030 11,1 675.910 0,84

Tunceli 308.229 409.722 8,1 77.065 0,87

Şanlıurfa 4.670.352 12.871.921 8,6 933.705 0,46

Uşak 1.671.611 2.302.747 10,8 211.771 0,58

Van 2.089.272 6.021.366 7,2 495.368 0,44

Yozgat 1.256.981 2.513.099 8,9 243.147 0,57

Zonguldak 1.628.448 4.558.677 10,3 507.961 0,85

Aksaray 1.431.547 2.159.875 8,7 200.297 0,49

Bayburt 194.570 462.333 8,0 72.996 0,89

Karaman 802.721 1.483.994 9,1 159.455 0,63

Kırıkkale 963.035 1.665.412 9,2 278.976 0,97

Batman 1.396.957 3.514.297 8,2 316.998 0,53

Şırnak 816.250 2.318.073 6,0 201.780 0,38

Bartın 863.322 1.359.012 11,2 140.917 0,71

Ardahan 312.076 494.404 8,2 80.953 0,82

Iğdır 472.389 1.157.824 8,3 136.853 0,69

Yalova 1.035.252 1.853.718 11,0 170.683 0,65

Karabük 900.648 1.727.462 10,6 182.218 0,73

Kilis 472.842 1.060.532 10,8 143.401 1,01

Osmaniye 1.914.341 3.212.182 9,6 303.128 0,57

Düzce 1.450.445 2.234.250 9,5 263.233 0,68

Turkey 265.496.223 517.018.981 9,5 53.115.784 0,65








Konya 7.868.468 14.099.307 10,0 1.733.050 0,79

Kütahya 2.444.917 3.277.457 9,9 358.345 0,62

Malatya 2.409.721 5.271.534 9,6 643.881 0,81

Manisa 4.974.898 9.710.316 10,3 968.865 0,68

Kahramanmaraş 3.228.591 7.594.697 9,5 616.315 0,54

Mardin 2.029.952 4.581.399 8,0 404.221 0,49

Muğla 3.842.896 5.451.485 9,6 559.918 0,58

Muş 671.514 2.250.563 7,2 200.308 0,49

Nevşehir 1.190.383 1.650.820 9,5 204.419 0,69

Niğde 1.246.552 2.083.260 9,1 218.140 0,60

Ordu 2.533.979 4.722.301 9,4 481.782 0,62

Rize 1.127.294 2.722.846 11,0 229.136 0,66

Sakarya 3.737.776 6.282.618 9,9 546.449 0,54

Samsun 5.142.850 9.752.732 11,2 1.295.926 0,97

Siirt 630.941 1.829.545 7,4 160.961 0,49

Sinop 776.641 1.275.265 9,3 169.891 0,77

Sivas 1.852.752 4.333.244 9,6 549.535 0,85

Tekirdağ 3.739.358 6.185.690 9,6 770.220 0,75

Tokat 1.833.653 3.858.757 9,3 517.246 0,84

Trabzon 3.018.712 5.919.030 11,1 675.910 0,84

Tunceli 308.229 409.722 8,1 77.065 0,87

Şanlıurfa 4.670.352 12.871.921 8,6 933.705 0,46

Uşak 1.671.611 2.302.747 10,8 211.771 0,58

Van 2.089.272 6.021.366 7,2 495.368 0,44

Yozgat 1.256.981 2.513.099 8,9 243.147 0,57

Zonguldak 1.628.448 4.558.677 10,3 507.961 0,85

Aksaray 1.431.547 2.159.875 8,7 200.297 0,49

Bayburt 194.570 462.333 8,0 72.996 0,89

Karaman 802.721 1.483.994 9,1 159.455 0,63

Kırıkkale 963.035 1.665.412 9,2 278.976 0,97

Batman 1.396.957 3.514.297 8,2 316.998 0,53

Şırnak 816.250 2.318.073 6,0 201.780 0,38

Bartın 863.322 1.359.012 11,2 140.917 0,71

Ardahan 312.076 494.404 8,2 80.953 0,82

Iğdır 472.389 1.157.824 8,3 136.853 0,69

Yalova 1.035.252 1.853.718 11,0 170.683 0,65

Karabük 900.648 1.727.462 10,6 182.218 0,73

Kilis 472.842 1.060.532 10,8 143.401 1,01

Osmaniye 1.914.341 3.212.182 9,6 303.128 0,57

Düzce 1.450.445 2.234.250 9,5 263.233 0,68

Turkey 265.496.223 517.018.981 9,5 53.115.784 0,65


201


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s



City Number of Inpatients

Number of Days Stayed

Number of Surgical

Operation

Bed Occupancy

Rate

Average Length of

Stay

Bed Turnover

Rate

Bed Turnover Interval

Crude Death Rate in Hospital

Adana 438.879 1.928.289 182.537 75,1 4,4 62,4 1,5 16,7

Adıyaman 102.443 363.578 21.803 76,4 3,5 78,6 1,1 10,5

Afyonkarahisar 106.381 458.649 40.025 57,5 4,3 48,7 3,2 18,0

Ağrı 68.891 201.008 12.367 62,7 2,9 78,5 1,7 4,9

Amasya 41.432 187.195 19.978 61,4 4,5 49,6 2,8 16,6

Ankara 908.304 4.573.403 453.020 68,5 5,0 49,7 2,3 19,4

Antalya 467.973 1.679.367 183.594 64,2 3,6 65,3 2,0 17,8

Artvin 19.409 76.861 5.083 60,9 4,0 56,1 2,5 17,7

Aydın 238.469 918.870 70.803 80,0 3,9 75,8 1,0 19,4

Balıkesir 176.697 803.104 74.481 66,0 4,5 53,0 2,3 28,0

Bilecik 18.039 90.988 7.132 74,4 5,0 53,8 1,7 20,0

Bingöl 42.411 151.115 9.335 60,0 3,6 61,5 2,4 5,3

Bitlis 63.202 224.488 17.207 64,1 3,6 65,9 2,0 4,5

Bolu 67.789 357.177 20.074 67,6 5,3 46,8 2,5 21,1

Burdur 44.914 170.863 13.999 61,8 3,8 59,3 2,4 12,8

Bursa 493.227 2.079.060 181.502 77,4 4,2 67,0 1,2 21,6

Çanakkale 74.654 345.899 32.363 57,1 4,6 45,0 3,5 20,5

Çankırı 21.431 89.594 8.151 52,8 4,2 46,1 3,7 22,8

Çorum 81.330 417.106 20.435 68,8 5,1 48,9 2,3 25,8

Denizli 225.848 803.842 89.126 68,2 3,6 69,9 1,7 17,3

Diyarbakır 285.118 1.024.624 89.576 60,6 3,6 61,6 2,3 10,1

Edirne 97.099 455.458 27.436 64,5 4,7 50,2 2,6 18,3

Elazığ 146.212 721.814 36.879 66,1 4,9 48,9 2,5 12,7

Erzincan 34.280 126.475 9.640 64,2 3,7 63,5 2,1 15,2

Erzurum 169.011 940.655 73.706 71,1 5,6 46,6 2,3 13,0

Eskişehir 189.682 870.668 78.008 67,3 4,6 53,5 2,2 18,7

Gaziantep 464.731 1.569.644 147.865 71,5 3,4 77,3 1,3 15,6

Giresun 88.979 424.291 20.131 73,8 4,8 56,5 1,7 16,4

Gümüşhane 14.255 62.117 5.367 52,0 4,4 43,6 4,0 14,7

Hakkari 31.148 91.101 5.408 63,5 2,9 79,3 1,7 4,0

Hatay 314.229 1.043.736 109.819 68,3 3,3 75,0 1,5 19,8

Isparta 109.317 566.113 59.373 76,7 5,2 54,1 1,6 20,7

Mersin 309.875 1.173.188 106.431 67,5 3,8 65,1 1,8 19,5

İstanbul 2.083.714 8.691.770 973.460 60,5 4,2 53,0 2,7 20,1

İzmir 630.063 2.975.063 320.769 68,0 4,7 52,6 2,2 22,1

Kars 35.229 147.667 12.056 54,8 4,2 47,7 3,5 9,7

Kastamonu 46.432 228.331 13.040 56,9 4,9 42,2 3,7 24,0

Kayseri 308.217 1.036.385 93.106 62,1 3,4 67,4 2,1 16,6

Kırklareli 65.159 221.376 14.798 66,9 3,4 71,8 1,7 12,9

Kırşehir 33.930 117.461 7.764 68,2 3,5 71,9 1,6 18,5

Kocaeli 270.272 1.146.038 123.362 72,5 4,2 62,4 1,6 21,4





Number of Surgical

Operation

Bed Occupancy

Rate

Average Length of

Stay

Bed Turnover

Rate



Adana 438.879 1.928.289 182.537 75,1 4,4 62,4 1,5 16,7

Adıyaman 102.443 363.578 21.803 76,4 3,5 78,6 1,1 10,5

Afyonkarahisar 106.381 458.649 40.025 57,5 4,3 48,7 3,2 18,0

Ağrı 68.891 201.008 12.367 62,7 2,9 78,5 1,7 4,9

Amasya 41.432 187.195 19.978 61,4 4,5 49,6 2,8 16,6

Ankara 908.304 4.573.403 453.020 68,5 5,0 49,7 2,3 19,4

Antalya 467.973 1.679.367 183.594 64,2 3,6 65,3 2,0 17,8

Artvin 19.409 76.861 5.083 60,9 4,0 56,1 2,5 17,7

Aydın 238.469 918.870 70.803 80,0 3,9 75,8 1,0 19,4

Balıkesir 176.697 803.104 74.481 66,0 4,5 53,0 2,3 28,0

Bilecik 18.039 90.988 7.132 74,4 5,0 53,8 1,7 20,0

Bingöl 42.411 151.115 9.335 60,0 3,6 61,5 2,4 5,3

Bitlis 63.202 224.488 17.207 64,1 3,6 65,9 2,0 4,5

Bolu 67.789 357.177 20.074 67,6 5,3 46,8 2,5 21,1

Burdur 44.914 170.863 13.999 61,8 3,8 59,3 2,4 12,8

Bursa 493.227 2.079.060 181.502 77,4 4,2 67,0 1,2 21,6

Çanakkale 74.654 345.899 32.363 57,1 4,6 45,0 3,5 20,5

Çankırı 21.431 89.594 8.151 52,8 4,2 46,1 3,7 22,8

Çorum 81.330 417.106 20.435 68,8 5,1 48,9 2,3 25,8

Denizli 225.848 803.842 89.126 68,2 3,6 69,9 1,7 17,3

Diyarbakır 285.118 1.024.624 89.576 60,6 3,6 61,6 2,3 10,1

Edirne 97.099 455.458 27.436 64,5 4,7 50,2 2,6 18,3

Elazığ 146.212 721.814 36.879 66,1 4,9 48,9 2,5 12,7

Erzincan 34.280 126.475 9.640 64,2 3,7 63,5 2,1 15,2

Erzurum 169.011 940.655 73.706 71,1 5,6 46,6 2,3 13,0

Eskişehir 189.682 870.668 78.008 67,3 4,6 53,5 2,2 18,7

Gaziantep 464.731 1.569.644 147.865 71,5 3,4 77,3 1,3 15,6

Giresun 88.979 424.291 20.131 73,8 4,8 56,5 1,7 16,4

Gümüşhane 14.255 62.117 5.367 52,0 4,4 43,6 4,0 14,7

Hakkari 31.148 91.101 5.408 63,5 2,9 79,3 1,7 4,0

Hatay 314.229 1.043.736 109.819 68,3 3,3 75,0 1,5 19,8

Isparta 109.317 566.113 59.373 76,7 5,2 54,1 1,6 20,7

Mersin 309.875 1.173.188 106.431 67,5 3,8 65,1 1,8 19,5

İstanbul 2.083.714 8.691.770 973.460 60,5 4,2 53,0 2,7 20,1

İzmir 630.063 2.975.063 320.769 68,0 4,7 52,6 2,2 22,1

Kars 35.229 147.667 12.056 54,8 4,2 47,7 3,5 9,7

Kastamonu 46.432 228.331 13.040 56,9 4,9 42,2 3,7 24,0

Kayseri 308.217 1.036.385 93.106 62,1 3,4 67,4 2,1 16,6

Kırklareli 65.159 221.376 14.798 66,9 3,4 71,8 1,7 12,9

Kırşehir 33.930 117.461 7.764 68,2 3,5 71,9 1,6 18,5

Kocaeli 270.272 1.146.038 123.362 72,5 4,2 62,4 1,6 21,4





Number of Surgical

Operation

Bed Occupancy

Rate

Average Length of

Stay

Bed Turnover

Rate



Adana 438.879 1.928.289 182.537 75,1 4,4 62,4 1,5 16,7

Adıyaman 102.443 363.578 21.803 76,4 3,5 78,6 1,1 10,5

Afyonkarahisar 106.381 458.649 40.025 57,5 4,3 48,7 3,2 18,0

Ağrı 68.891 201.008 12.367 62,7 2,9 78,5 1,7 4,9

Amasya 41.432 187.195 19.978 61,4 4,5 49,6 2,8 16,6

Ankara 908.304 4.573.403 453.020 68,5 5,0 49,7 2,3 19,4

Antalya 467.973 1.679.367 183.594 64,2 3,6 65,3 2,0 17,8

Artvin 19.409 76.861 5.083 60,9 4,0 56,1 2,5 17,7

Aydın 238.469 918.870 70.803 80,0 3,9 75,8 1,0 19,4

Balıkesir 176.697 803.104 74.481 66,0 4,5 53,0 2,3 28,0

Bilecik 18.039 90.988 7.132 74,4 5,0 53,8 1,7 20,0

Bingöl 42.411 151.115 9.335 60,0 3,6 61,5 2,4 5,3

Bitlis 63.202 224.488 17.207 64,1 3,6 65,9 2,0 4,5

Bolu 67.789 357.177 20.074 67,6 5,3 46,8 2,5 21,1

Burdur 44.914 170.863 13.999 61,8 3,8 59,3 2,4 12,8

Bursa 493.227 2.079.060 181.502 77,4 4,2 67,0 1,2 21,6

Çanakkale 74.654 345.899 32.363 57,1 4,6 45,0 3,5 20,5

Çankırı 21.431 89.594 8.151 52,8 4,2 46,1 3,7 22,8

Çorum 81.330 417.106 20.435 68,8 5,1 48,9 2,3 25,8

Denizli 225.848 803.842 89.126 68,2 3,6 69,9 1,7 17,3

Diyarbakır 285.118 1.024.624 89.576 60,6 3,6 61,6 2,3 10,1

Edirne 97.099 455.458 27.436 64,5 4,7 50,2 2,6 18,3

Elazığ 146.212 721.814 36.879 66,1 4,9 48,9 2,5 12,7

Erzincan 34.280 126.475 9.640 64,2 3,7 63,5 2,1 15,2

Erzurum 169.011 940.655 73.706 71,1 5,6 46,6 2,3 13,0

Eskişehir 189.682 870.668 78.008 67,3 4,6 53,5 2,2 18,7

Gaziantep 464.731 1.569.644 147.865 71,5 3,4 77,3 1,3 15,6

Giresun 88.979 424.291 20.131 73,8 4,8 56,5 1,7 16,4

Gümüşhane 14.255 62.117 5.367 52,0 4,4 43,6 4,0 14,7

Hakkari 31.148 91.101 5.408 63,5 2,9 79,3 1,7 4,0

Hatay 314.229 1.043.736 109.819 68,3 3,3 75,0 1,5 19,8

Isparta 109.317 566.113 59.373 76,7 5,2 54,1 1,6 20,7

Mersin 309.875 1.173.188 106.431 67,5 3,8 65,1 1,8 19,5

İstanbul 2.083.714 8.691.770 973.460 60,5 4,2 53,0 2,7 20,1

İzmir 630.063 2.975.063 320.769 68,0 4,7 52,6 2,2 22,1

Kars 35.229 147.667 12.056 54,8 4,2 47,7 3,5 9,7

Kastamonu 46.432 228.331 13.040 56,9 4,9 42,2 3,7 24,0

Kayseri 308.217 1.036.385 93.106 62,1 3,4 67,4 2,1 16,6

Kırklareli 65.159 221.376 14.798 66,9 3,4 71,8 1,7 12,9

Kırşehir 33.930 117.461 7.764 68,2 3,5 71,9 1,6 18,5

Kocaeli 270.272 1.146.038 123.362 72,5 4,2 62,4 1,6 21,4


202






Number of Surgical

Operation

Bed Occupancy

Rate

Average Length of

Stay

Bed Turnover

Rate



Konya 431.959 1.912.401 170.008 69,6 4,4 57,4 1,9 15,5

Kütahya 78.228 479.276 24.247 69,6 6,1 41,5 2,7 25,0

Malatya 190.574 673.957 61.377 62,4 3,5 64,4 2,1 12,7

Manisa 234.631 1.159.581 78.955 69,4 4,9 51,2 2,2 24,9

Kahramanmaraş 194.770 784.874 67.416 73,0 4,0 66,1 1,5 13,5

Mardin 98.021 369.634 32.097 70,0 3,8 67,8 1,6 13,3

Muğla 139.690 474.150 49.697 63,7 3,4 68,5 1,9 13,4

Muş 50.212 193.508 13.986 71,9 3,9 68,1 1,5 6,4

Nevşehir 42.056 179.918 15.010 70,7 4,3 60,3 1,8 12,1

Niğde 55.453 241.659 10.997 74,6 4,4 62,4 1,5 15,1

Ordu 157.970 527.218 49.864 67,4 3,3 73,7 1,6 15,7

Rize 71.221 264.452 20.734 65,3 3,7 64,2 2,0 19,7

Sakarya 122.974 507.889 51.816 72,0 4,1 63,7 1,6 18,0

Samsun 270.779 1.334.812 108.019 79,1 4,9 58,6 1,3 24,6

Siirt 59.200 196.873 13.289 62,9 3,3 69,0 2,0 5,5

Sinop 27.700 106.855 11.265 54,7 3,9 51,8 3,2 14,3

Sivas 103.505 537.287 34.145 56,3 5,2 39,6 4,0 23,6

Tekirdağ 176.865 648.487 56.814 66,6 3,7 66,3 1,8 19,3

Tokat 120.960 519.987 36.284 64,8 4,3 55,0 2,3 14,6

Trabzon 192.594 847.535 69.437 71,5 4,4 59,3 1,8 17,2

Tunceli 6.291 25.693 2.907 46,9 4,1 41,9 4,6 9,5

Şanlıurfa 300.438 1.087.097 96.564 73,8 3,6 74,4 1,3 10,8

Uşak 71.794 252.895 20.881 56,1 3,5 58,1 2,8 19,8

Van 173.994 698.425 45.137 66,3 4,0 60,3 2,0 11,4

Yozgat 68.001 247.740 19.623 52,8 3,6 52,9 3,3 11,5

Zonguldak 122.190 523.741 40.466 65,4 4,3 55,7 2,3 18,8

Aksaray 56.382 147.407 20.517 50,7 2,6 70,7 2,5 11,9

Bayburt 10.623 48.148 3.305 66,0 4,5 53,1 2,3 10,6

Karaman 33.645 143.776 14.749 65,9 4,3 56,3 2,2 14,0

Kırıkkale 62.528 320.145 18.241 69,9 5,1 49,9 2,2 21,7

Batman 94.430 341.329 33.492 71,9 3,6 72,6 1,4 13,7

Şırnak 40.811 121.096 13.079 52,6 3,0 64,7 2,7 2,8

Bartın 23.005 103.597 6.191 65,7 4,5 53,3 2,4 25,1

Ardahan 9.882 34.596 2.793 47,4 3,5 49,4 3,9 16,5

Iğdır 23.719 74.783 4.474 65,5 3,2 75,8 1,7 10,2

Yalova 48.365 165.314 13.104 79,7 3,4 85,1 0,9 29,3

Karabük 49.903 177.940 14.610 68,1 3,6 69,7 1,7 23,9

Kilis 26.045 99.209 10.373 84,7 3,8 81,1 0,7 8,6

Osmaniye 126.761 333.693 32.908 70,6 2,6 97,9 1,1 13,0

Düzce 54.533 180.627 21.858 62,4 3,3 68,8 2,0 17,4

Turkey 13.651.377 56.642.035 5.201.738 66,9 4,1 58,9 2,1 17,9





Number of Surgical

Operation

Bed Occupancy

Rate

Average Length of

Stay

Bed Turnover

Rate



Konya 431.959 1.912.401 170.008 69,6 4,4 57,4 1,9 15,5

Kütahya 78.228 479.276 24.247 69,6 6,1 41,5 2,7 25,0

Malatya 190.574 673.957 61.377 62,4 3,5 64,4 2,1 12,7

Manisa 234.631 1.159.581 78.955 69,4 4,9 51,2 2,2 24,9

Kahramanmaraş 194.770 784.874 67.416 73,0 4,0 66,1 1,5 13,5

Mardin 98.021 369.634 32.097 70,0 3,8 67,8 1,6 13,3

Muğla 139.690 474.150 49.697 63,7 3,4 68,5 1,9 13,4

Muş 50.212 193.508 13.986 71,9 3,9 68,1 1,5 6,4

Nevşehir 42.056 179.918 15.010 70,7 4,3 60,3 1,8 12,1

Niğde 55.453 241.659 10.997 74,6 4,4 62,4 1,5 15,1

Ordu 157.970 527.218 49.864 67,4 3,3 73,7 1,6 15,7

Rize 71.221 264.452 20.734 65,3 3,7 64,2 2,0 19,7

Sakarya 122.974 507.889 51.816 72,0 4,1 63,7 1,6 18,0

Samsun 270.779 1.334.812 108.019 79,1 4,9 58,6 1,3 24,6

Siirt 59.200 196.873 13.289 62,9 3,3 69,0 2,0 5,5

Sinop 27.700 106.855 11.265 54,7 3,9 51,8 3,2 14,3

Sivas 103.505 537.287 34.145 56,3 5,2 39,6 4,0 23,6

Tekirdağ 176.865 648.487 56.814 66,6 3,7 66,3 1,8 19,3

Tokat 120.960 519.987 36.284 64,8 4,3 55,0 2,3 14,6

Trabzon 192.594 847.535 69.437 71,5 4,4 59,3 1,8 17,2

Tunceli 6.291 25.693 2.907 46,9 4,1 41,9 4,6 9,5

Şanlıurfa 300.438 1.087.097 96.564 73,8 3,6 74,4 1,3 10,8

Uşak 71.794 252.895 20.881 56,1 3,5 58,1 2,8 19,8

Van 173.994 698.425 45.137 66,3 4,0 60,3 2,0 11,4

Yozgat 68.001 247.740 19.623 52,8 3,6 52,9 3,3 11,5

Zonguldak 122.190 523.741 40.466 65,4 4,3 55,7 2,3 18,8

Aksaray 56.382 147.407 20.517 50,7 2,6 70,7 2,5 11,9

Bayburt 10.623 48.148 3.305 66,0 4,5 53,1 2,3 10,6

Karaman 33.645 143.776 14.749 65,9 4,3 56,3 2,2 14,0

Kırıkkale 62.528 320.145 18.241 69,9 5,1 49,9 2,2 21,7

Batman 94.430 341.329 33.492 71,9 3,6 72,6 1,4 13,7

Şırnak 40.811 121.096 13.079 52,6 3,0 64,7 2,7 2,8

Bartın 23.005 103.597 6.191 65,7 4,5 53,3 2,4 25,1

Ardahan 9.882 34.596 2.793 47,4 3,5 49,4 3,9 16,5

Iğdır 23.719 74.783 4.474 65,5 3,2 75,8 1,7 10,2

Yalova 48.365 165.314 13.104 79,7 3,4 85,1 0,9 29,3

Karabük 49.903 177.940 14.610 68,1 3,6 69,7 1,7 23,9

Kilis 26.045 99.209 10.373 84,7 3,8 81,1 0,7 8,6

Osmaniye 126.761 333.693 32.908 70,6 2,6 97,9 1,1 13,0

Düzce 54.533 180.627 21.858 62,4 3,3 68,8 2,0 17,4

Turkey 13.651.377 56.642.035 5.201.738 66,9 4,1 58,9 2,1 17,9





Number of Surgical

Operation

Bed Occupancy

Rate

Average Length of

Stay

Bed Turnover

Rate



Konya 431.959 1.912.401 170.008 69,6 4,4 57,4 1,9 15,5

Kütahya 78.228 479.276 24.247 69,6 6,1 41,5 2,7 25,0

Malatya 190.574 673.957 61.377 62,4 3,5 64,4 2,1 12,7

Manisa 234.631 1.159.581 78.955 69,4 4,9 51,2 2,2 24,9

Kahramanmaraş 194.770 784.874 67.416 73,0 4,0 66,1 1,5 13,5

Mardin 98.021 369.634 32.097 70,0 3,8 67,8 1,6 13,3

Muğla 139.690 474.150 49.697 63,7 3,4 68,5 1,9 13,4

Muş 50.212 193.508 13.986 71,9 3,9 68,1 1,5 6,4

Nevşehir 42.056 179.918 15.010 70,7 4,3 60,3 1,8 12,1

Niğde 55.453 241.659 10.997 74,6 4,4 62,4 1,5 15,1

Ordu 157.970 527.218 49.864 67,4 3,3 73,7 1,6 15,7

Rize 71.221 264.452 20.734 65,3 3,7 64,2 2,0 19,7

Sakarya 122.974 507.889 51.816 72,0 4,1 63,7 1,6 18,0

Samsun 270.779 1.334.812 108.019 79,1 4,9 58,6 1,3 24,6

Siirt 59.200 196.873 13.289 62,9 3,3 69,0 2,0 5,5

Sinop 27.700 106.855 11.265 54,7 3,9 51,8 3,2 14,3

Sivas 103.505 537.287 34.145 56,3 5,2 39,6 4,0 23,6

Tekirdağ 176.865 648.487 56.814 66,6 3,7 66,3 1,8 19,3

Tokat 120.960 519.987 36.284 64,8 4,3 55,0 2,3 14,6

Trabzon 192.594 847.535 69.437 71,5 4,4 59,3 1,8 17,2

Tunceli 6.291 25.693 2.907 46,9 4,1 41,9 4,6 9,5

Şanlıurfa 300.438 1.087.097 96.564 73,8 3,6 74,4 1,3 10,8

Uşak 71.794 252.895 20.881 56,1 3,5 58,1 2,8 19,8

Van 173.994 698.425 45.137 66,3 4,0 60,3 2,0 11,4

Yozgat 68.001 247.740 19.623 52,8 3,6 52,9 3,3 11,5

Zonguldak 122.190 523.741 40.466 65,4 4,3 55,7 2,3 18,8

Aksaray 56.382 147.407 20.517 50,7 2,6 70,7 2,5 11,9

Bayburt 10.623 48.148 3.305 66,0 4,5 53,1 2,3 10,6

Karaman 33.645 143.776 14.749 65,9 4,3 56,3 2,2 14,0

Kırıkkale 62.528 320.145 18.241 69,9 5,1 49,9 2,2 21,7

Batman 94.430 341.329 33.492 71,9 3,6 72,6 1,4 13,7

Şırnak 40.811 121.096 13.079 52,6 3,0 64,7 2,7 2,8

Bartın 23.005 103.597 6.191 65,7 4,5 53,3 2,4 25,1

Ardahan 9.882 34.596 2.793 47,4 3,5 49,4 3,9 16,5

Iğdır 23.719 74.783 4.474 65,5 3,2 75,8 1,7 10,2

Yalova 48.365 165.314 13.104 79,7 3,4 85,1 0,9 29,3

Karabük 49.903 177.940 14.610 68,1 3,6 69,7 1,7 23,9

Kilis 26.045 99.209 10.373 84,7 3,8 81,1 0,7 8,6

Osmaniye 126.761 333.693 32.908 70,6 2,6 97,9 1,1 13,0

Düzce 54.533 180.627 21.858 62,4 3,3 68,8 2,0 17,4

Turkey 13.651.377 56.642.035 5.201.738 66,9 4,1 58,9 2,1 17,9


203


Utiliz

ation

of

Healt

h Car

eSe

rvice

s



The data about the institutions, which served in the year (including those closed), were used in the tables, graphics where services of the hospitals are provided.

Number of visits: It was defined by the OECD as “visits to physicians for any reason except via the phone”.

The service data from the Ministry of National Defense (MoND) were only included for 2012-2015.

The services of the Other Public Institutions were included in the Private Sector to be comparable.

The number of visits to a dentist is not included in the number of visits to a physician.

The data belonging to the SSI hospitals between 2002-2005 have been included in the Ministry of Health to be comparable.

The name of Mother-Child Health and Family Planning Center was changed to “Child, Adolescent, Women and Reproductive Health Unit” with the regulation published on 25 May 2018.


The value of the provinces was rounded up to the closest whole number while making Map 8.2 and the value of the provinces was rounded up to 1 decimal place while making Map 8.1, Map 8.3, Map 8.4 and Map 8.5 in the Chapter. These numbers were taken into account while making the Likert scales.



Prior year data in the Chapter may changed due to TURKSTAT's population revision.

Referrals from the Family Medicine Unit: It is calculated as follows: (Number of Visits of Family Medicine Unit/Number of Total Visits)x100.

Number of Inpatient: The number of hospitalizations in a given year.

Information regarding the surgical operations; The surgical classification is based on the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Health Intervention (ICHI). Number of surgical operations (group A, B and C) were calculated in accordance with the definitions in this classification. According to the World Health Organization’s ICHI, diagnostic and minor surgical procedures are not included in the surgical operations.

Bed Occupancy Rate: This indicates the rate of bed usage by the patient within one year. It is calculated as follows: (Number of Days Stayed x 100) / (Number of Beds x 365).

Acute Care Bed Occupancy Rate: This indicator is used by the OECD. It indicates the occupancy rate of beds used for acute services.

Average Length of Stay: The average number of days a patient stays in a hospital. It is calculated as follows: (Number of Days Stayed) / (Discharged + Deceased).

Bed Turnover Rate: This indicates how many times a bed has been used by patients per year. It is calculated as: (Discharged + Deceased) / (Number of Beds).

Bed Turnover Interval: Average period in days that an available bed remains empty between the discharge of one inpatient and the admission of the next. It is calculated as: (Number of Beds x 365 - Number of Days Stayed) / (Discharged + Deceased).

Crude Death Rate (in Hospitals): It indicates the proportion of patients who died in a hospital within a year to those who died and discharged from the hospital in the same period. (Deceased x 1.000) / (Discharged + Deceased).

In international comparisons, the number of exams per country belongs to outpatient and inpatient health care institutions. Data of Turkey contains the number of exams in the hospital.

112 Emergency Care Ambulance: A land vehicle with an ambulance crew, technical and medical equipment that are able to provide emergency medical interventions in any emergency situation for the sick and injured at the emergency scene and in the ambulance.

Current Health Expenditure: It is calculated by subtracting Investment Health Expenditure from Total Health Expenditure.

Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics

Chapter 9 PharmaceuticalStatistics

207


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics


Table 9.1. Box Sales of Pharmaceuticals by Years and ATC-1 Groups, Million Boxes

ATC-1 Group 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Alimentary T.& Metabolism 280,6 286,7 324,1 346,1 374,8 398,7

Respiratory System 263,8 276,5 289,5 307,6 317,2 329,8

Nervous System 258,5 260,7 271,1 287,7 298,4 308,0

Systemic Anti-Infectives 275,1 270,3 280,6 284,0 257,3 262,7

Musculo-Skeletal System 216,8 228,0 244,4 253,9 258,1 259,7

Cardiovascular System 185,2 191,4 203,7 212,8 225,9 238,3

Dermatologicals 96,5 98,8 104,0 110,1 115,8 118,6

Blood & Blood Forming Organs 77,1 82,7 88,7 93,2 99,4 107,0

Hospital Solutions 72,1 75,8 91,4 90,3 99,2 92,6

G.U.System & Sex Hormones 64,1 66,1 69,8 71,5 74,1 77,6

Sensory Organs 55,2 58,2 64,0 66,1 68,1 71,2

Systemic Hormonal Preparations (Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins) 37,5 41,7 45,6 48,4 54,3 59,7

Antineoplastic & Immunomodul Agents 8,2 9,3 10,0 9,8 10,2 11,3

Various (Other) 3,4 4,0 4,4 5,2 6,1 6,3

Antiparasitic Products, Insecticides and Repellents 5,1 5,0 5,5 5,1 5,1 5,4

Diagnostic Agents 3,8 3,6 4,1 4,3 4,5 4,3

Total 1.903,0 1.958,8 2.100,9 2.196,1 2.268,5 2.351,2

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency


ATC-1 Group 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018



Nervous System 258,5 260,7 271,1 287,7 298,4 308,0








Sensory Organs 55,2 58,2 64,0 66,1 68,1 71,2



Various (Other) 3,4 4,0 4,4 5,2 6,1 6,3



Total 1.903,0 1.958,8 2.100,9 2.196,1 2.268,5 2.351,2



ATC-1 Group 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018



Nervous System 258,5 260,7 271,1 287,7 298,4 308,0








Sensory Organs 55,2 58,2 64,0 66,1 68,1 71,2



Various (Other) 3,4 4,0 4,4 5,2 6,1 6,3



Total 1.903,0 1.958,8 2.100,9 2.196,1 2.268,5 2.351,2


208



Table 9.2. Pharmaceutical Consumption per 1.000 Population by Years and Selected ATC-1 Groups, DDD

ATC-1 Group 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018





Nervous System 79,3 86,6 91,2 93,8 98,4 101,1




Systemic Hormonal Preparations(Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins) 17,2 20,1 19,9 21,3 21,9 24,2

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.1. International Comparison of Pharmaceutical Consumption per 1.000 Population by Selected ATC-1 Groups, DDD, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2018.

187,7

387,4

101,1

169,3

109,0

61,6

69,9

24,2

33,3

451,3

250,9

185,5

133,5

100,5

63,9

59,5

39,1

20,8

0 100 200 300 400 500

Cardiovascular System

Alimentary T. & Metabolism

Nervous System

Blood & Blood Forming Organs

Respiratory System

Musculo-Skeletal System

G.U.System & Sex Hormones

Systemic Hormonal Preparations(Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins)

Systemic Anti-Infectives

DDDOECD Turkey

Table 9.2. Pharmaceutical Consumption per 1.000 Population by Years and Selected ATC-1 Groups, DDD

ATC-1 Group 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018





Nervous System 79,3 86,6 91,2 93,8 98,4 101,1




Systemic Hormonal Preparations(Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins) 17,2 20,1 19,9 21,3 21,9 24,2

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.1. International Comparison of Pharmaceutical Consumption per 1.000 Population by Selected ATC-1 Groups, DDD, 2017


187,7

387,4

101,1

169,3

109,0

61,6

69,9

24,2

33,3

451,3

250,9

185,5

133,5

100,5

63,9

59,5

39,1

20,8

0 100 200 300 400 500



Nervous System


Respiratory System





DDDOECD Turkey

209


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics


Figure 9.2. International Comparison of Antibiotic (ATC-J01) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 9.3. International Comparison of Antihypertensive Drug Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018. Data includes ATC codes C02, C03, C07, C08, C09.

32,0

31,0

29,2

27,0

23,8

22,9

21,8

21,2

21,0

20,8

20,2

20,2

19,6

19,4

18,9

18,3

18,2

18,0

17,8

17,3

17,2

17,1

16,3

15,8

15,5

14,2

14,0

13,7

12,9

12,5

11,8

11,8

9,5

0

10

20

30

Sout

h Ko

rea

Turk

eyFr

ance

Pola

ndIc

elan

dIre

land

Italy

Israe

lBe

lgiu

mGr

eece

Lithu

ania

Luxe

mbo

urg

Czec

h Re

publ

icSl

ovak

iaOE

CD32

Port

ugal

Denm

ark

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mAu

stra

liaNo

rway

Spai

nCh

ileCa

nada

Finl

and

Latv

iaSl

oven

iaJa

pan

Hung

ary

Swed

enGe

rman

yAu

stria

Esto

nia

Neth

erla

nds

DDD

132149

189203209

220222

232248

277278

295301304

314320

331339

372373378378

389399403

439446

560593

95

306

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

South KoreaTurkeyLatviaIsrael

LuxembourgAustria

AustraliaChile

PortugalIceland

NorwaySpain

NetherlandsGreece

BelgiumOECD28EstoniaCanada

LithuaniaItaly

United KingdomSweden

DenmarkSlovakiaSloveniaFinland

Czech RepublicHungary

Germany

DDD2008 2017

Figure 9.2. International Comparison of Antibiotic (ATC-J01) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 9.3. International Comparison of Antihypertensive Drug Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018. Data includes ATC codes C02, C03, C07, C08, C09.

32,0

31,0

29,2

27,0

23,8

22,9

21,8

21,2

21,0

20,8

20,2

20,2

19,6

19,4

18,9

18,3

18,2

18,0

17,8

17,3

17,2

17,1

16,3

15,8

15,5

14,2

14,0

13,7

12,9

12,5

11,8

11,8

9,5

0

10

20

30

Sout

h Ko

rea

Turk

eyFr

ance

Pola

ndIc

elan

dIre

land

Italy

Israe

lBe

lgiu

mGr

eece

Lithu

ania

Luxe

mbo

urg

Czec

h Re

publ

icSl

ovak

iaOE

CD32

Port

ugal

Denm

ark

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mAu

stra

liaNo

rway

Spai

nCh

ileCa

nada

Finl

and

Latv

iaSl

oven

iaJa

pan

Hung

ary

Swed

enGe

rman

yAu

stria

Esto

nia

Neth

erla

nds

DDD

132149

189203209

220222

232248

277278

295301304

314320

331339

372373378378

389399403

439446

560593

95

306

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

South KoreaTurkeyLatviaIsrael

LuxembourgAustria

AustraliaChile

PortugalIceland

NorwaySpain

NetherlandsGreece

BelgiumOECD28EstoniaCanada

LithuaniaItaly

United KingdomSweden

DenmarkSlovakiaSloveniaFinland

Czech RepublicHungary

Germany

DDD2008 2017

210



Figure 9.4. International Comparison of Cholesterol-Lowering Drug (ATC-C10) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018. Figure 9.5. International Comparison of Antidiabetic Drug (ATC-A10) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018.

243738

5869

78878789

9399

103109

110110

113115115116118

121130130

133134136

138148149

18

78

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

TurkeyChile

LithuaniaEstonia

South KoreaLatvia

AustriaGermany

ItalyIceland

SlovakiaOECD28Hungary

LuxembourgPortugal

FinlandIsrael

SwedenGreece

SpainCanada

NetherlandsCzech Republic

SloveniaAustraliaNorwayBelgium

DenmarkUnited Kingdom

DDD2008 2017

4647484950

565757

636363

6464

676868

7174

75767677

8181

848585

9092

56

37

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

LatviaAustria

ChileIceland

LithuaniaNorway

DenmarkAustralia

EstoniaItaly

SwedenLuxembourg

IsraelSouth Korea

OECD28PortugalBelgiumHungary

TurkeySlovakia

SpainNetherlands

GreeceSlovenia

GermanyUnited Kingdom


Finland

DDD2008 2017

Figure 9.4. International Comparison of Cholesterol-Lowering Drug (ATC-C10) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018. Figure 9.5. International Comparison of Antidiabetic Drug (ATC-A10) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018.

243738

5869

78878789

9399

103109

110110

113115115116118

121130130

133134136

138148149

18

78

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

TurkeyChile

LithuaniaEstonia

South KoreaLatvia

AustriaGermany

ItalyIceland

SlovakiaOECD28Hungary

LuxembourgPortugal

FinlandIsrael

SwedenGreece

SpainCanada

NetherlandsCzech Republic

SloveniaAustraliaNorwayBelgium

DenmarkUnited Kingdom

DDD2008 2017

4647484950

565757

636363

6464

676868

7174

75767677

8181

848585

9092

56

37

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

LatviaAustria

ChileIceland

LithuaniaNorway

DenmarkAustralia

EstoniaItaly

SwedenLuxembourg

IsraelSouth Korea

OECD28PortugalBelgiumHungary

TurkeySlovakia

SpainNetherlands

GreeceSlovenia

GermanyUnited Kingdom


Finland

DDD2008 2017

211


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics


Figure 9.6. International Comparison of Antidepressant Drug (ATC-N06A) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018. Table 9.3. Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts by Years and Selected ATC-1 Groups, Million ₺

ATC-1 Group 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Alimentary T.& Metabolism 2.115,4 2.328,7 2.779,4 3.361,1 4.163,1 5.223,5

Systemic Anti-Infectives 1.992,2 2.049,4 2.341,6 2.699,3 3.002,4 3.895,8

Nervous System 1.583,0 1.693,4 1.972,0 2.299,1 2.995,9 3.607,3

Respiratory System 1.432,0 1.549,6 1.685,7 2.002,8 2.431,2 3.019,9

Cardiovascular System 1.389,4 1.434,6 1.541,6 1.744,0 2.133,3 2.608,9

Blood & Blood Forming Organs 824,5 959,9 1.179,0 1.411,0 1.773,1 2.309,3

Musculo-Skeletal System 913,1 955,7 1.082,8 1.295,4 1.578,9 1.915,1

G.U.System & Sex Hormones 665,1 731,8 840,7 984,6 1.193,9 1.485,5

Systemic Hormonal Preparations, (Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins) 258,0 297,2 352,6 411,4 476,7 614,3


1522

2929

32394041

4446

495455

5757

606061

6370

737677

7997

104108109110

141

28

50

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

LatviaSouth Korea

EstoniaHungary

LithuaniaSlovakia

ItalyChile

TurkeyNetherlands

IsraelLuxembourg

GreeceGermany

NorwaySlovenia

Czech RepublicAustria

OECD29Finland

New ZelandDenmark

SpainBelgiumSwedenPortugal

United KingdomAustralia

CanadaIceland

DDD2008 2017

Figure 9.6. International Comparison of Antidepressant Drug (ATC-N06A) Consumption per 1.000 Population, DDD, 2008, 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2008 and 2018. Table 9.3. Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts by Years and Selected ATC-1 Groups, Million ₺

ATC-1 Group 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Alimentary T.& Metabolism 2.115,4 2.328,7 2.779,4 3.361,1 4.163,1 5.223,5

Systemic Anti-Infectives 1.992,2 2.049,4 2.341,6 2.699,3 3.002,4 3.895,8

Nervous System 1.583,0 1.693,4 1.972,0 2.299,1 2.995,9 3.607,3

Respiratory System 1.432,0 1.549,6 1.685,7 2.002,8 2.431,2 3.019,9

Cardiovascular System 1.389,4 1.434,6 1.541,6 1.744,0 2.133,3 2.608,9

Blood & Blood Forming Organs 824,5 959,9 1.179,0 1.411,0 1.773,1 2.309,3

Musculo-Skeletal System 913,1 955,7 1.082,8 1.295,4 1.578,9 1.915,1

G.U.System & Sex Hormones 665,1 731,8 840,7 984,6 1.193,9 1.485,5

Systemic Hormonal Preparations, (Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins) 258,0 297,2 352,6 411,4 476,7 614,3


1522

2929

32394041

4446

495455

5757

606061

6370

737677

7997

104108109110

141

28

50

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

LatviaSouth Korea

EstoniaHungary

LithuaniaSlovakia

ItalyChile

TurkeyNetherlands

IsraelLuxembourg

GreeceGermany

NorwaySlovenia

Czech RepublicAustria

OECD29Finland

New ZelandDenmark

SpainBelgiumSwedenPortugal

United KingdomAustralia

CanadaIceland

DDD2008 2017

212



Figure 9.7. International Comparison of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (National Currency) by Selected ATC-1 Groups, (%), 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2018. Figure 9.8. Ratio of Prescriptions Including Antibiotic, Analgesic, Injectable Drug Among All Prescriptions Written Out by Family Physicians by Years, (%)


11,3

16,3

8,1

12,2

7,2

9,4

6,0

4,6

1,9

13,9

12,3

11,6

9,4

7,6

7,1

3,9

3,8

2,0

0 6 12 18

Nervous System





Respiratory System




%OECD30 Turkey

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Antibiotic 34,9 34,0 34,0 31,5 31,1 29,5 25,0 24,6Analgesic 43,5 42,9 42,6 41,2 39,9 38,7 39,9 38,9Injectable 6,3 6,7 7,0 7,2 7,5 8,1 8,1 7,9

0

10

20

30

40

50%

Figure 9.7. International Comparison of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (National Currency) by Selected ATC-1 Groups, (%), 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2018. Figure 9.8. Ratio of Prescriptions Including Antibiotic, Analgesic, Injectable Drug Among All Prescriptions Written Out by Family Physicians by Years, (%)


11,3

16,3

8,1

12,2

7,2

9,4

6,0

4,6

1,9

13,9

12,3

11,6

9,4

7,6

7,1

3,9

3,8

2,0

0 6 12 18

Nervous System





Respiratory System




%OECD30 Turkey

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Antibiotic 34,9 34,0 34,0 31,5 31,1 29,5 25,0 24,6Analgesic 43,5 42,9 42,6 41,2 39,9 38,7 39,9 38,9Injectable 6,3 6,7 7,0 7,2 7,5 8,1 8,1 7,9

0

10

20

30

40

50%

213


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

19,4

19,4

-22,0

22,1

-26,1

> 26

,1

=

Map

9.1

. Rat

io o

f Pre

scrip

tions

Incl

udin

g A

ntib

iotic

Am

ong

All

Pres

crip

tions

Writ

ten

Out

by

Fam

ily P

hysi

cian

s by

Prov

ince

s, (%

), 20

18

Sour

ce: T

urki

sh M

edic

ines

and

Med

ical

Dev

ices

Age

ncy

214



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 35

,335

,3 -3

7,5

37,6

-41,0

> 41

,0

=

Map

9.2

. Rat

io o

f Pre

scrip

tions

Incl

udin

g A

nalg

esic

Am

ong

All

Pres

crip

tions

Writ

ten

Out

by

Fam

ily P

hysi

cian

s by

Prov

ince

s, (%

), 20

18

Sour

ce: T

urki

sh M

edic

ines

and

Med

ical

Dev

ices

Age

ncy

215


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

< 6,

86,

8 -7,4

7,5 -

8,3>

8,3

=

Sour

ce: T

urki

sh M

edic

ines

and

Med

ical

Dev

ices

Age

ncy

Map

9.3

. Rat

io o

f Pre

scrip

tions

Incl

udin

g In

ject

able

Dru

g A

mon

g A

ll Pr

escr

iptio

ns W

ritte

n O

ut b

y Fa

mily

Phy

sici

ans b

y Pr

ovin

ces,

(%),

2018

216



Figure 9.9. Distribution of Prescriptions Including Antibiotic Written Out by Family Physicians by Years and Age Groups, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Note: In years when 100% is not completed, the age group of prescription data is unknown.

Figure 9.10. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Types of Reference, (%)


4,4

4,8

6,3

6,5

6,7

7,1

24,5

24,5

24,2

23,1

23,8

24,5

8,9

8,9

10,1

10,3

10,8

10,8

27,7

27,4

26,6

26,8

26,8

27,4

22,1

22,0

21,4

21,7

21,0

20,4

12,3

12,3

11,4

11,4

10,8

9,8

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

Year

%0-23 months 2-11 age 12-18 age 19-44 age 45-64 age 65 and Over

58,4

57,5

56,6

55,1

54,3

53,6

39,8

40,6

41,0

42,5

43,3

44,0

1,8

1,9

2,4

2,4

2,4

2,4

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Generic Original Other

Figure 9.9. Distribution of Prescriptions Including Antibiotic Written Out by Family Physicians by Years and Age Groups, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Note: In years when 100% is not completed, the age group of prescription data is unknown.

Figure 9.10. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Types of Reference, (%)


4,4

4,8

6,3

6,5

6,7

7,1

24,5

24,5

24,2

23,1

23,8

24,5

8,9

8,9

10,1

10,3

10,8

10,8

27,7

27,4

26,6

26,8

26,8

27,4

22,1

22,0

21,4

21,7

21,0

20,4

12,3

12,3

11,4

11,4

10,8

9,8

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

Year

%0-23 months 2-11 age 12-18 age 19-44 age 45-64 age 65 and Over

58,4

57,5

56,6

55,1

54,3

53,6

39,8

40,6

41,0

42,5

43,3

44,0

1,8

1,9

2,4

2,4

2,4

2,4

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year


217


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics


Figure 9.11. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Types of Reference, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.12. International Comparison of Box Sales and Sales Amounts (National Currency) of Generic Drugs, (%), 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2018. Generic drugs include generic and drugs which is not specified original or generic.

31,0

30,9

30,7

29,5

29,4

35,3

65,7

65,7

65,1

66,5

66,5

60,3

3,3

3,4

4,2

4,1

4,1

4,4

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year


60,2

34,3

47,4

22,4

0

20

40

60

80

Box Sales Sales Amount

%

Turkey OECD

Figure 9.11. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Types of Reference, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.12. International Comparison of Box Sales and Sales Amounts (National Currency) of Generic Drugs, (%), 2017

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey’s data belong to the year 2018. Generic drugs include generic and drugs which is not specified original or generic.

31,0

30,9

30,7

29,5

29,4

35,3

65,7

65,7

65,1

66,5

66,5

60,3

3,3

3,4

4,2

4,1

4,1

4,4

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year


60,2

34,3

47,4

22,4

0

20

40

60

80

Box Sales Sales Amount

%

Turkey OECD

218



Figure 9.13. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Local/Imported Status, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.14. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Local/Imported Status, (%)


82,9

79,9

79,6

78,2

77,9

77,9

17,1

20,1

20,4

21,8

22,1

22,1

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Local Import

47,6

45,1

44,2

41,9

42,0

43,0

52,4

54,9

55,8

58,1

58,0

57,0

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Local Import

Figure 9.13. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Local/Imported Status, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.14. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Local/Imported Status, (%)


82,9

79,9

79,6

78,2

77,9

77,9

17,1

20,1

20,4

21,8

22,1

22,1

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Local Import

47,6

45,1

44,2

41,9

42,0

43,0

52,4

54,9

55,8

58,1

58,0

57,0

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Local Import

219


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics


Figure 9.15. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Reimbursement Status, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.16. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Reimbursement Status, (%)


96,0

95,9

95,2

94,9

94,9

95,2

4,0

4,1

4,8

5,1

5,1

4,8

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Reimbursed Not Reimbursed

92,9

92,4

91,1

91,0

91,5

90,7

7,1

7,6

8,9

9,0

8,5

9,3

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Reimbused Not Reimbursed

Figure 9.15. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Box Sales by Years and Reimbursement Status, (%)

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Figure 9.16. Distribution of Pharmaceutical Sales Amounts (in ₺) by Years and Reimbursement Status, (%)


96,0

95,9

95,2

94,9

94,9

95,2

4,0

4,1

4,8

5,1

5,1

4,8

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Reimbursed Not Reimbursed

92,9

92,4

91,1

91,0

91,5

90,7

7,1

7,6

8,9

9,0

8,5

9,3

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

%

Year

Reimbused Not Reimbursed

220



Table 9.4. OECD Health Care Quality Indicators on Primary Care Prescription by Years

2014 2015 2016

Health Care Quality Indicators Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Ratio of adequate use of cholesterol lowering treatment in people with diabetes, (%)

32,3 31,9 32,1 30,5 29,3 29,8 30,1 28,5 32,3

Ratio of first choice antihypertensive for people with diabetes, (%) 80,4 85,5 83,6 79,8 85,1 83,0 79,3 84,6 80,4

Ratio of long-term use of benzodiazepines and related drugs in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS)

0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3

Ratio of use of long-acting benzodiazepines in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS)

1,5 1,5 1,5 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,1 1,2 1,5

Volume of cephalosporines and quinolones as a proportion of all systemic antibiotics prescribed, (%)

37,8 40,2 39,1 34,7 37,2 36,1 31,1 33,8 37,8

Overall volume (DDD) of antibiotics for systemic use prescribed (per 1.000 population in FMIS)

18,2 18,3 18,2 17,6 17,1 17,3 16,7 16,5 18,2

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Note: The calculations are based on OECD methodology. Data only covers patients which are registered in “Prescription Information System (PIS)”. The methodology for calculation of indicators is as follow: http://stats.oecd.org/wbos/fileview2.aspx?IDFile=62f94ae6-180c-4e4b-9a22-b030ddadfd35 Table 9.5. International Comparison of OECD Health Care Quality Indicators on Primary Care Prescription, 2017

Health Care Quality Indicators Turkey OECD

Ratio of first choice antihypertensives for people with diabetes, (%) 82,5 79,4

Volume of cephalosporines and quinolones as a proportion of all systemic antibiotics prescribed, (%) 32,6 17,2

Ratio of adequate use of cholesterol lowering treatment in people with diabetes, (%) 29,2 64,6

Overall volume (DDD) of antibiotics for systemic use prescribed (per 1.000 population in FMIS) 16,6 19,2

Ratio of use of long-acting benzodiazepines in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS) 1,2 52,6

Ratio of long-term use of benzodiazepines and related drugs in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS) 0,3 30,5


Table 9.4. OECD Health Care Quality Indicators on Primary Care Prescription by Years

2014 2015 2016

Health Care Quality Indicators Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Ratio of adequate use of cholesterol lowering treatment in people with diabetes, (%)

32,3 31,9 32,1 30,5 29,3 29,8 30,1 28,5 32,3

Ratio of first choice antihypertensive for people with diabetes, (%) 80,4 85,5 83,6 79,8 85,1 83,0 79,3 84,6 80,4

Ratio of long-term use of benzodiazepines and related drugs in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS)

0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3

Ratio of use of long-acting benzodiazepines in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS)

1,5 1,5 1,5 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,1 1,2 1,5

Volume of cephalosporines and quinolones as a proportion of all systemic antibiotics prescribed, (%)

37,8 40,2 39,1 34,7 37,2 36,1 31,1 33,8 37,8

Overall volume (DDD) of antibiotics for systemic use prescribed (per 1.000 population in FMIS)

18,2 18,3 18,2 17,6 17,1 17,3 16,7 16,5 18,2

Source: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Note: The calculations are based on OECD methodology. Data only covers patients which are registered in “Prescription Information System (PIS)”. The methodology for calculation of indicators is as follow: http://stats.oecd.org/wbos/fileview2.aspx?IDFile=62f94ae6-180c-4e4b-9a22-b030ddadfd35 Table 9.5. International Comparison of OECD Health Care Quality Indicators on Primary Care Prescription, 2017

Health Care Quality Indicators Turkey OECD

Ratio of first choice antihypertensives for people with diabetes, (%) 82,5 79,4

Volume of cephalosporines and quinolones as a proportion of all systemic antibiotics prescribed, (%) 32,6 17,2

Ratio of adequate use of cholesterol lowering treatment in people with diabetes, (%) 29,2 64,6

Overall volume (DDD) of antibiotics for systemic use prescribed (per 1.000 population in FMIS) 16,6 19,2

Ratio of use of long-acting benzodiazepines in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS) 1,2 52,6

Ratio of long-term use of benzodiazepines and related drugs in 65 and over aged (per 1.000 population in FMIS) 0,3 30,5


221


Phar

mac

eutic

alSt

atist

ics



4-point Likert was used while creating the maps within the chapter and the number of provinces was tried to distribute evenly while determining the Likert borders. The value of the provinces was rounded up to 1 decimal place. These whole numbers were taken into account while making the Likert scales.



ATC (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical): ATC which is proposed, managed and developed by WHO is a classification system of drugs. It divides the drugs into different groups according to the organ or system on which they act and their chemical, pharmacological and therapeutic properties.

ATC Code Group Name A Alimentary T. & Metabolism A10 Drugs Used in Diabetes

B Blood and Blood Forming Organs C Cardiovascular System C02 Antihypertensives C03 Diuretics C07 Beta Blocking Agents C08 Calcium Channel Blockers C09 Agents Acting on The Renin-Angiotensin System C10 Lipid Modifying Agents

G G.U. System & Sex Hormones

H Systemic Hormonal Preparations (Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins)

J Systemic Anti-Infectives J01 Antibacterials for Systemic Use

M Musculo-Skeletal System N Nervous System N06A Antidepressants

Pharmaceutical Track & Trace System (ITS): The Pharmaceutical Track & Trace System enables to define the locations of the drugs in the supply and distribution chain beginning from the production or importation with the help of DataMatrix printed on the drug packages. System includes computers set up for tracking the drugs, data source, computer softwares and communication infrastructure.

DDD (Daily Defined Dose): The DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. A DDD will only be assigned for drugs that already have an ATC code.

Data on pharmaceutical consumption as DDD was obtained from Pharmaceutical Track & Trace System and data on pharmaceutical box sales and sales amounts was obtained from IQVIA Database. Prescription in primary care data was taken from Prescription Information System (PIS).

IQVIA: IMS-Health (Intercontinental Marketing Services-Health) and Quintiles companies merged in 2017 to create a new brand called IQVIA. IQVIA is a tracking system of warehouse exits from the wholesalers to the pharmacies.

Generic Drug: The products, which contain the same active substance with the reference product

222



with the same amount and in the same pharmaceutical form and the bio equivalency (BE) of which is accepted under different trade names, are called equivalent drugs.

Original Drug: It is an international term used for the new drugs which have been proved to have positive effect on a particular disease as a result of long researches and clinical studies, which are based on a patented molecule, and which are previously unprecedented.

The parts shown as Other in Figure 9.10. and Figure 9.11. are products which do not have a distinction of original/generic.

Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth

Chapter 10 HumanResourcesfor Health

225


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Table 10.1. Number of Health Care Professionals by Years, All Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Specialist Physicians 45.457 75.251 77.622 78.620 80.951 82.894

General Practitioners 30.900 39.045 41.794 43.058 44.649 44.053

Medical Residents 15.592 21.320 21.843 23.149 24.397 26.181

Total Physicians 91.949 135.616 141.259 144.827 149.997 153.128

Total Dentists 16.371 22.996 24.834 26.674 27.889 30.615

Pharmacists 22.289 27.199 27.530 27.864 28.512 32.032

Nurses 72.393 142.432 152.803 152.952 166.142 190.499

Midwives 41.479 52.838 53.086 52.456 53.741 56.351

Other Health Personnel 50.106 138.878 145.943 144.609 155.417 177.409 Other Personnel and Procurement of Services 83.964 303.110 311.337 321.952 339.241 376.367

Total Personnel 378.551 823.069 856.792 871.334 920.939 1.016.401

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: 1.932 physicians in the subspecialty program are included to the number of “Medical Resident”. 2.056 dental residents are included to the number of “Total Dentist”. 1.727 pharmacists including graduated intern pharmacist and second pharmacists were added to the number of “Pharmacists”. Table 10.2. Distribution of Health Care Professionals by Sectors and Titles, 2018


Specialist Physicians 43.347 14.438 25.109 82.894

General Practitioners 39.442 291 4.320 44.053

Medical Residents 8.770 17.411 - 26.181

Total Physicians 91.559 32.140 29.429 153.128

Specialist Dentists 902 1.959 2.029 4.890

Dentists 9.844 277 13.548 23.669

Dental Residents 68 1.988 - 2.056

Total Dentists 10.814 4.224 15.577 30.615

Pharmacists 3.064 691 28.277 32.032

Nurses 126.891 29.263 34.345 190.499

Midwives 52.495 789 3.067 56.351

Other Health Personnel 121.206 16.493 39.710 177.409 Other Personnel and Procurement of Services 236.155 48.377 91.835 376.367

Total Personnel 642.184 131.977 242.240 1.016.401


Table 10.1. Number of Health Care Professionals by Years, All Sectors

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018





Total Dentists 16.371 22.996 24.834 26.674 27.889 30.615

Pharmacists 22.289 27.199 27.530 27.864 28.512 32.032

Nurses 72.393 142.432 152.803 152.952 166.142 190.499

Midwives 41.479 52.838 53.086 52.456 53.741 56.351


Total Personnel 378.551 823.069 856.792 871.334 920.939 1.016.401

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: 1.932 physicians in the subspecialty program are included to the number of “Medical Resident”. 2.056 dental residents are included to the number of “Total Dentist”. 1.727 pharmacists including graduated intern pharmacist and second pharmacists were added to the number of “Pharmacists”. Table 10.2. Distribution of Health Care Professionals by Sectors and Titles, 2018


Specialist Physicians 43.347 14.438 25.109 82.894

General Practitioners 39.442 291 4.320 44.053

Medical Residents 8.770 17.411 - 26.181


Specialist Dentists 902 1.959 2.029 4.890

Dentists 9.844 277 13.548 23.669

Dental Residents 68 1.988 - 2.056

Total Dentists 10.814 4.224 15.577 30.615

Pharmacists 3.064 691 28.277 32.032

Nurses 126.891 29.263 34.345 190.499

Midwives 52.495 789 3.067 56.351


Total Personnel 642.184 131.977 242.240 1.016.401


226



Table 10.3. Number of Health Care Professionals by Years, Ministry of Health

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018





Total Dentists 3.211 7.640 8.683 9.125 9.768 10.814

Pharmacists 1.596 2.102 2.156 2.318 2.855 3.064

Nurses 54.360 94.404 101.722 103.507 112.074 126.891

Midwives 39.473 48.103 48.078 47.766 49.003 52.495


Total Personnel 256.818 517.886 540.160 558.272 590.559 642.184

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 10.4. Distribution of Health Care Professionals Working in Central Organization by Titles, MoH, 2018

Central Organization

Specialist Physicians 149

General Practitioners 258

Medical Residents -

Total Physicians 407

Specialist Dentists 7

Dentists 32

Dental Residents -

Total Dentists 39

Pharmacists 367

Nurses 371

Midwives 144

Other Health Personnel 919

Other Personnel and Procurement of Services 4.443

Total Personnel 6.690


Table 10.3. Number of Health Care Professionals by Years, Ministry of Health

2002 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018





Total Dentists 3.211 7.640 8.683 9.125 9.768 10.814

Pharmacists 1.596 2.102 2.156 2.318 2.855 3.064

Nurses 54.360 94.404 101.722 103.507 112.074 126.891

Midwives 39.473 48.103 48.078 47.766 49.003 52.495


Total Personnel 256.818 517.886 540.160 558.272 590.559 642.184

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Table 10.4. Distribution of Health Care Professionals Working in Central Organization by Titles, MoH, 2018

Central Organization

Specialist Physicians 149

General Practitioners 258

Medical Residents -

Total Physicians 407

Specialist Dentists 7

Dentists 32

Dental Residents -

Total Dentists 39

Pharmacists 367

Nurses 371

Midwives 144

Other Health Personnel 919

Other Personnel and Procurement of Services 4.443

Total Personnel 6.690


227


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.1. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.2. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


138 141 143146

150154

158164

167 169172

174 175179 181

186 187

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Number of Physician

129

143

153

163

166

169

170

171

175

187

204

219

267

68

95

87

120

105

110

117

113

123

138

155

193

228

0 50 100 150 200 250 300


Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Western Marmara

Eastern Marmara

Central Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Mediterranean

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of Physician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 10.1. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.2. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


138 141 143146

150154

158164

167 169172

174 175179 181

186 187

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Number of Physician

129

143

153

163

166

169

170

171

175

187

204

219

267

68

95

87

120

105

110

117

113

123

138

155

193

228

0 50 100 150 200 250 300


Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Western Marmara

Eastern Marmara

Central Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Mediterranean

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of Physician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

228



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

> 18

814

8 -18

8

130 -

147

< 13

0

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

10.

1. N

umbe

r of T

otal

Phy

sici

ans p

er 1

00.0

00 P

opul

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

229


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.3. International Comparison of Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population, 2017

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, OECD Health Data 2019, EUROSTAT Database Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

Figure 10.4. International Comparison of Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-2, 2017 Source: General Directorate of Health Services, EUROSTAT Database Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest.

607

518

497

466

456

430

425

424

412

400

399

396

388

387

371

369

368

358

348

347

342

336

332

327

321

321

316

314

310

308

307

298

293

281

265

261

245

243

243

238

234

187

0

200

400

600

Gree

ceAu

stria

Port

ugal

Norw

ayLit

huan

iaSw

itzer

land

Germ

any

Bulg

aria

Swed

enDe

nmar

kIta

lyM

alta

Spai

nIc

elan

d EUCz

ech

Repu

blic

Aust

ralia

Neth

erla

nds

OECD

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Croa

tiaHu

ngar

yNe

w Z

elan

dFi

nlan

dLa

tvia

Fran

ceIsr

ael

Slov

enia

Belg

ium

Irela

ndLu

xem

bour

gRo

man

iaUn

ited

King

dom

Cana

daUn

ited

Stat

esCh

ileJa

pan

Mex

icoPo

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Turk

ey

Number of Physician

AustriaBelgiumBulgariaCroatia

Czech RepublicDenmark

FinlandFrance

GermanyGreece

HungaryItaly

NetherlandsNorwayPoland

PortugalRomaniaSlovakiaSlovenia

SpainSweden

SwitzerlandTurkey

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900Number of Physician

Hamburg

Vienna

Attica

Sardinia

Prague

Lisbon

Bratislava

Navarra

Zurich Ankara Subregion




607

518

497

466

456

430

425

424

412

400

399

396

388

387

371

369

368

358

348

347

342

336

332

327

321

321

316

314

310

308

307

298

293

281

265

261

245

243

243

238

234

187

0

200

400

600

Gree

ceAu

stria

Port

ugal

Norw

ayLit

huan

iaSw

itzer

land

Germ

any

Bulg

aria

Swed

enDe

nmar

kIta

lyM

alta

Spai

nIc

elan

d EUCz

ech

Repu

blic

Aust

ralia

Neth

erla

nds

OECD

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Croa

tiaHu

ngar

yNe

w Z

elan

dFi

nlan

dLa

tvia

Fran

ceIsr

ael

Slov

enia

Belg

ium

Irela

ndLu

xem

bour

gRo

man

iaUn

ited

King

dom

Cana

daUn

ited

Stat

esCh

ileJa

pan

Mex

icoPo

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Turk

ey

Number of Physician




607

518

497

466

456

430

425

424

412

400

399

396

388

387

371

369

368

358

348

347

342

336

332

327

321

321

316

314

310

308

307

298

293

281

265

261

245

243

243

238

234

187

0

200

400

600

Gree

ceAu

stria

Port

ugal

Norw

ayLit

huan

iaSw

itzer

land

Germ

any

Bulg

aria

Swed

enDe

nmar

kIta

lyM

alta

Spai

nIc

elan

d EUCz

ech

Repu

blic

Aust

ralia

Neth

erla

nds

OECD

Esto

nia

Slov

akia

Croa

tiaHu

ngar

yNe

w Z

elan

dFi

nlan

dLa

tvia

Fran

ceIsr

ael

Slov

enia

Belg

ium

Irela

ndLu

xem

bour

gRo

man

iaUn

ited

King

dom

Cana

daUn

ited

Stat

esCh

ileJa

pan

Mex

icoPo

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Turk

ey

Number of Physician

230



Figure 10.5. Number of General Practitioners per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.6. Number of Specialist Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


45

49

51

54

55

56

56

57

58

60

61

63

65

30

49

44

47

32

48

49

56

46

65

62

45

63

0 20 40 60

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey


Western Marmara

Mediterranean

Aegean

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea


Eastern Blacksea

Number of General Practitioner

NUTS-1

2002 2018

62

69

69

80

81

84

89

92

94

101

112

134

144

29

34

30

42

51

42

50

51

56

68

71

126

113

0 50 100 150


Mideastern Anatolia


Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Western Marmara

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of SpecialistPhysician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 10.5. Number of General Practitioners per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.6. Number of Specialist Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


45

49

51

54

55

56

56

57

58

60

61

63

65

30

49

44

47

32

48

49

56

46

65

62

45

63

0 20 40 60

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey


Western Marmara

Mediterranean

Aegean

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea


Eastern Blacksea


NUTS-1

2002 2018

62

69

69

80

81

84

89

92

94

101

112

134

144

29

34

30

42

51

42

50

51

56

68

71

126

113

0 50 100 150


Mideastern Anatolia


Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea

Western Marmara

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of SpecialistPhysician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

231


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç>

6460

-64

55 -

59<

55

=

Map

10.

2. N

umbe

r of G

ener

al P

ract

ition

ers p

er 1

00.0

00 P

opul

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

232



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anma

raş

Kays

eri

Mers

in

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümü

şhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gires

un

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniye

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karab

ükZo

ngul

dak

İstanbul

Ç

> 92

77 -

92

61 -

76<

61

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

10.

3. N

umbe

r of S

peci

alis

t Phy

sici

ans p

er 1

00.0

00 P

opul

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

233


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.7. Distribution of Specialist Physicians, General Practitioners and Medical Residents by NUTS-1, All Sectors, (%), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.8. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Unlike the previous years, the number of dentists includes dental residents for the year of 2018. Number of dentists per 100.000 population not including dental residents is 35 for 2018.

45,347,248,048,148,949,653,353,853,954,154,555,0

61,1

41,0

35,4

40,8

42,3

37,6

37,5

33,7

18,3

32,1

28,8

29,9

27,7

20,4

13,6

17,3

11,2

9,6

13,5

12,8

12,9

27,9

14,1

17,1

15,6

17,2

18,5

0 25 50 75 100


Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

Mediterranean

Turkey

Eastern Marmara

Aegean

IstanbulNUTS-1

Specialist Physicians General Practitioners Medical Residents



45,347,248,048,148,949,653,353,853,954,154,555,0

61,1

41,0

35,4

40,8

42,3

37,6

37,5

33,7

18,3

32,1

28,8

29,9

27,7

20,4

13,6

17,3

11,2

9,6

13,5

12,8

12,9

27,9

14,1

17,1

15,6

17,2

18,5

0 25 50 75 100


Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

Mediterranean

Turkey

Eastern Marmara

Aegean

IstanbulNUTS-1


25

26 26 26 2627

2828

2928 28

29

3032

33

35

37

24

27

30

33

36

39

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Year

Number of Dentists



45,347,248,048,148,949,653,353,853,954,154,555,0

61,1

41,0

35,4

40,8

42,3

37,6

37,5

33,7

18,3

32,1

28,8

29,9

27,7

20,4

13,6

17,3

11,2

9,6

13,5

12,8

12,9

27,9

14,1

17,1

15,6

17,2

18,5

0 25 50 75 100


Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

Mediterranean

Turkey

Eastern Marmara

Aegean

IstanbulNUTS-1


234



Figure 10.9. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data for 2002 does not include dental residents. Figure 10.10. Distribution of Dentists, Specialist Dentists and Dental Residents by NUTS-1, All Sectors, (%), 2018


21

24

24

31

32

33

33

35

36

37

41

50

51

7

8

12

17

14

23

16

25

23

25

29

42

37

0 10 20 30 40 50


Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of Dentist

NUTS-1

2002 2018

65,3

67,8

69,1

72,0

75,9

77,3

78,2

79,0

80,1

82,5

82,8

83,5

89,6

26,6

14,9

12,7

11,9

11,9

16,0

14,6

18,5

13,5

14,5

12,3

8,9

8,4

8,2

17,3

18,3

16,0

12,2

6,7

7,2

2,5

6,4

3,1

4,9

7,6

2,0

0 25 50 75 100

Western Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Central Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Marmara


Eastern Marmara

%

NUTS-1

Dentists Specialist Dentists Dental Residents

Figure 10.9. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data for 2002 does not include dental residents. Figure 10.10. Distribution of Dentists, Specialist Dentists and Dental Residents by NUTS-1, All Sectors, (%), 2018


21

24

24

31

32

33

33

35

36

37

41

50

51

7

8

12

17

14

23

16

25

23

25

29

42

37

0 10 20 30 40 50


Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Central Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of Dentist

NUTS-1

2002 2018

65,3

67,8

69,1

72,0

75,9

77,3

78,2

79,0

80,1

82,5

82,8

83,5

89,6

26,6

14,9

12,7

11,9

11,9

16,0

14,6

18,5

13,5

14,5

12,3

8,9

8,4

8,2

17,3

18,3

16,0

12,2

6,7

7,2

2,5

6,4

3,1

4,9

7,6

2,0

0 25 50 75 100

Western Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Central Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Turkey

Aegean

Istanbul

Mediterranean

Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Marmara


Eastern Marmara

%

NUTS-1

Dentists Specialist Dentists Dental Residents

235


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç

> 35

28 -

35

23 -

27<

23

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

10.

4. N

umbe

r of T

otal

Den

tists

per

100

.000

Pop

ulat

ion

by P

rovi

nces

, All

Sect

ors,

2018

236



Figure 10.11. International Comparison of Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population, 2017


Figure 10.12. Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Unlike the previous years, the number of pharmacist includes second pharmacists and graduated intern pharmacists for the year of 2018. Number of pharmacist per 100.000 population not including second pharmacists and graduated intern pharmacist is 37,0 for 2018.

123

119

119

101

100

97 9687 85 83 82 81 81 80 79 79 77 75 75 74 73 71 70 70 69 67 65 65 64 61 59 57 53 50 50 50 49 48 45

37 3514

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140Gr

eece

Chile

Bulg

aria

Port

ugal

Lithu

ania

Luxe

mbo

urg

Esto

nia

Norw

ayGe

rman

yCr

oatia

Italy

Icel

and

Swed

enJa

pan

Spai

nRo

man

ia EUBe

lgiu

mCz

ech

Repu

blic

Denm

ark

Finl

and

Latv

iaOE

CDSl

oven

iaIsr

ael

Hung

ary

Fran

ceIre

land

Cana

daUn

ited

Stat

esAu

stra

liaAu

stria

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mNe

ther

land

sSl

ovak

iaSw

itzer

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Mal

taNe

w Z

elan

dTu

rkey

Pola

ndM

exico

Number of Dentist




123

119

119

101

100

97 9687 85 83 82 81 81 80 79 79 77 75 75 74 73 71 70 70 69 67 65 65 64 61 59 57 53 50 50 50 49 48 45

37 3514

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Gree

ceCh

ileBu

lgar

iaPo

rtug

alLit

huan

iaLu

xem

bour

gEs

toni

aNo

rway

Germ

any

Croa

tiaIta

lyIc

elan

dSw

eden

Japa

nSp

ain

Rom

ania EU

Belg

ium

Czec

h Re

publ

icDe

nmar

kFi

nlan

dLa

tvia

OECD

Slov

enia

Israe

lHu

ngar

yFr

ance

Irela

ndCa

nada

Unite

d St

ates

Aust

ralia

Aust

riaUn

ited

King

dom

Neth

erla

nds

Slov

akia

Switz

erla

ndSo

uth

Kore

aM

alta

New

Zel

and

Turk

eyPo

land

Mex

ico

Number of Dentist

33,633,3 33,2 33,1 33,2

34,0

34,7 34,7

36,0

34,9 35,1 35,2 35,0 35,0 34,9 35,3

39,1

32

34

36

38

40

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Number of Pharmacists




123

119

119

101

100

97 9687 85 83 82 81 81 80 79 79 77 75 75 74 73 71 70 70 69 67 65 65 64 61 59 57 53 50 50 50 49 48 45

37 3514

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Gree

ceCh

ileBu

lgar

iaPo

rtug

alLit

huan

iaLu

xem

bour

gEs

toni

aNo

rway

Germ

any

Croa

tiaIta

lyIc

elan

dSw

eden

Japa

nSp

ain

Rom

ania EU

Belg

ium

Czec

h Re

publ

icDe

nmar

kFi

nlan

dLa

tvia

OECD

Slov

enia

Israe

lHu

ngar

yFr

ance

Irela

ndCa

nada

Unite

d St

ates

Aust

ralia

Aust

riaUn

ited

King

dom

Neth

erla

nds

Slov

akia

Switz

erla

ndSo

uth

Kore

aM

alta

New

Zel

and

Turk

eyPo

land

Mex

ico

Number of Dentist

237


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.13. Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data for 2002 does not include second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist. Figure 10.14. International Comparison of Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population, 2017


27

28

29

36

39

39

40

40

40

40

43

45

47

16

14

20

33

29

34

38

29

38

25

34

44

48

0 10 20 30 40 50

Mideastern Anatolia



Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Turkey

Istanbul

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean

Aegean

Western Anatolia

Number of Pharmacist

NUTS-1

2002 2018

181

129

124

117

116

115

109

105

104

102

99 95 91 91 90 88 88 87 84 83 80 78 77 77 77 76 74 73 72 71 70 70 69 69 67 6552 50 50

3921

0

50

100

150

200

Japa

nM

alta

Belg

ium

Italy

Spai

nIre

land

Finl

and

Gree

ceFr

ance

Cana

daLit

huan

iaUn

ited

Stat

esPo

rtug

alRo

man

iaBu

lgar

iaAu

stra

liaUn

ited

King

dom EU

Latv

iaOE

CD35

Norw

aySl

ovak

iaHu

ngar

yPo

land

Swed

enIsr

ael

Croa

tiaEs

toni

aSo

uth

Kore

aAu

stria

Luxe

mbo

urg

Switz

erla

ndCz

ech

Repu

blic

Slov

enia

New

Zel

and

Germ

any

Denm

ark

Chile

Icel

and

Turk

eyNe

ther

land

s


Figure 10.13. Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data for 2002 does not include second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist. Figure 10.14. International Comparison of Number of Pharmacists per 100.000 Population, 2017


27

28

29

36

39

39

40

40

40

40

43

45

47

16

14

20

33

29

34

38

29

38

25

34

44

48

0 10 20 30 40 50

Mideastern Anatolia



Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Turkey

Istanbul

Eastern Blacksea

Eastern Marmara

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean

Aegean

Western Anatolia


NUTS-1

2002 2018

181

129

124

117

116

115

109

105

104

102

99 95 91 91 90 88 88 87 84 83 80 78 77 77 77 76 74 73 72 71 70 70 69 69 67 6552 50 50

3921

0

50

100

150

200

Japa

nM

alta

Belg

ium

Italy

Spai

nIre

land

Finl

and

Gree

ceFr

ance

Cana

daLit

huan

iaUn

ited

Stat

esPo

rtug

alRo

man

iaBu

lgar

iaAu

stra

liaUn

ited

King

dom EU

Latv

iaOE

CD35

Norw

aySl

ovak

iaHu

ngar

yPo

land

Swed

enIsr

ael

Croa

tiaEs

toni

aSo

uth

Kore

aAu

stria

Luxe

mbo

urg

Switz

erla

ndCz

ech

Repu

blic

Slov

enia

New

Zel

and

Germ

any

Denm

ark

Chile

Icel

and

Turk

eyNe

ther

land

s


238



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anma

raş

Kays

eri

Mers

in

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümü

şhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gires

un

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniye

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karab

ükZo

ngul

dak

İstanbul

Ç

> 41

38 -

41

30 -

37<

30

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

10.

5. N

umbe

r of P

harm

acis

ts p

er 1

00.0

00 P

opul

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

239


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.15. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.16. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


171 173 175 177182

201206

213224

237

249 252 251261 257

272

301

170

200

230

260

290

320

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year

Number of Nurse and Midwife

248

270

291

301

304

311

311

317

320

321

335

345

368

102

110

173

171

193

136

220

147

226

176

207

203

241

0 100 200 300 400


Istanbul

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mediterranean


Aegean

Mideastern Anatolia

Western Marmara

Central Anatolia

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea


NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 10.15. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by Years, All Sectors

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.16. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, All Sectors, 2002, 2018


171 173 175 177182

201206

213224

237

249 252 251261 257

272

301

170

200

230

260

290

320

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Year


248

270

291

301

304

311

311

317

320

321

335

345

368

102

110

173

171

193

136

220

147

226

176

207

203

241

0 100 200 300 400


Istanbul

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mediterranean


Aegean

Mideastern Anatolia

Western Marmara

Central Anatolia

Western Anatolia

Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea


NUTS-1

2002 2018

240



Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anma

raş

Kays

eri

Mers

in

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümü

şhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gires

un

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniye

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karab

ükZo

ngul

dak

İstanbul

Ç

> 35

030

9 -35

0

272 -

308

< 27

2

=

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Hea

lth S

ervi

ces

Map

10.

6. N

umbe

r of N

urse

s and

Mid

wiv

es p

er 1

00.0

00 P

opul

atio

n by

Pro

vinc

es, A

ll Se

ctor

s, 20

18

241


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.17. International Comparison of Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population, 2017

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, OECD Health Data 2019, EUROSTAT Database Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 10.18. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018


1.82

31.

755

1.53

01.

468

1.32

21.

262

1.25

41.

208

1.17

91.

165

1.15

91.

158

1.11

11.

082

1.07

21.

029

1.00

21.

000

938

851

843

841

831

803

714

711

697

696

693

676

654

608

597

593

570

531

482

478

357

339

301

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

Norw

aySw

itzer

land

Icel

and

Finl

and

Germ

any

Irela

ndAu

stra

liaLu

xem

bour

gUn

ited

Stat

esSw

eden

Japa

nBe

lgiu

mNe

ther

land

sFr

ance

New

Zel

and

Denm

ark

Slov

enia

Cana

daOE

CD35

Mal

taCz

ech

Repu

blic EU

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mLit

huan

iaRo

man

iaAu

stria

Port

ugal

Croa

tiaSo

uth

Kore

aHu

ngar

yEs

toni

aIta

lySl

ovak

iaSp

ain

Pola

ndIsr

ael

Bulg

aria

Latv

iaGr

eece

Chile

Turk

ey


93

98

101

104

105

105

109

109

112

113

117

120

146

49

76

64

81

92

87

100

62

86

97

106

81

130

0 40 80 120 160


Eastern Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Mediterranean

Central Anatolia

Western Marmara

Western Blacksea


Turkey

Eastern Blacksea

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of Physician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 10.17. International Comparison of Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population, 2017

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, OECD Health Data 2019, EUROSTAT Database Note: Turkey’s data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year of 2017 or nearest. Figure 10.18. Number of Total Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018


1.82

31.

755

1.53

01.

468

1.32

21.

262

1.25

41.

208

1.17

91.

165

1.15

91.

158

1.11

11.

082

1.07

21.

029

1.00

21.

000

938

851

843

841

831

803

714

711

697

696

693

676

654

608

597

593

570

531

482

478

357

339

301

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

Norw

aySw

itzer

land

Icel

and

Finl

and

Germ

any

Irela

ndAu

stra

liaLu

xem

bour

gUn

ited

Stat

esSw

eden

Japa

nBe

lgiu

mNe

ther

land

sFr

ance

New

Zel

and

Denm

ark

Slov

enia

Cana

daOE

CD35

Mal

taCz

ech

Repu

blic EU

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mLit

huan

iaRo

man

iaAu

stria

Port

ugal

Croa

tiaSo

uth

Kore

aHu

ngar

yEs

toni

aIta

lySl

ovak

iaSp

ain

Pola

ndIsr

ael

Bulg

aria

Latv

iaGr

eece

Chile

Turk

ey


93

98

101

104

105

105

109

109

112

113

117

120

146

49

76

64

81

92

87

100

62

86

97

106

81

130

0 40 80 120 160


Eastern Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Mediterranean

Central Anatolia

Western Marmara

Western Blacksea


Turkey

Eastern Blacksea

Aegean

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Number of Physician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

242



Figure 10.19. Number of General Practitioners per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.20. Number of Specialist Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018


36

41

45

48

49

50

52

52

56

57

57

61

62

19

46

44

44

48

54

32

47

46

64

61

45

63

0 20 40 60

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mediterranean

Aegean


Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea


Eastern Blacksea


NUTS-1

2002 2018

41

44

44

46

49

50

50

51

53

53

56

58

73

17

28

18

17

31

39

32

34

39

33

35

42

52

0 25 50 75


Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Mediterranean

Eastern Blacksea

Western Marmara

Turkey

Istanbul

Aegean

Western Anatolia

Number of Specialist Physician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 10.19. Number of General Practitioners per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.20. Number of Specialist Physicians per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018


36

41

45

48

49

50

52

52

56

57

57

61

62

19

46

44

44

48

54

32

47

46

64

61

45

63

0 20 40 60

Istanbul

Western Anatolia

Eastern Marmara

Turkey

Mediterranean

Aegean


Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Central Anatolia

Western Blacksea


Eastern Blacksea


NUTS-1

2002 2018

41

44

44

46

49

50

50

51

53

53

56

58

73

17

28

18

17

31

39

32

34

39

33

35

42

52

0 25 50 75


Central Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Eastern Marmara

Western Blacksea

Mediterranean

Eastern Blacksea

Western Marmara

Turkey

Istanbul

Aegean

Western Anatolia

Number of Specialist Physician

NUTS-1

2002 2018

243


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.21. Distribution of Specialist Physicians, General Practitioners and Medical Residents by NUTS-1, MoH, (%), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.22. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data for 2002 does not include dental residents.

42,4

42,4

43,8

44,0

44,7

45,8

46,8

47,3

48,3

49,5

49,9

50,1

50,2

54,0

55,9

55,7

55,6

54,4

52,7

30,3

43,1

46,9

42,8

46,1

49,9

28,3

3,6

1,7

0,5

0,3

0,9

1,5

22,9

9,6

4,7

7,7

4,0

0,1

21,5

0 25 50 75 100

Central Anatolia



Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Istanbul

Turkey

Mediterranean

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

%

NUTS-1


10

11

12

12

13

13

13

14

14

15

15

16

18

3

4

3

4

3

5

6

4

6

5

6

6

9

0 5 10 15 20

Istanbul

Mediterranean


Eastern Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Turkey

Central Anatolia


Aegean

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Number of Dentist

NUTS-1

2002 2018

Figure 10.21. Distribution of Specialist Physicians, General Practitioners and Medical Residents by NUTS-1, MoH, (%), 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.22. Number of Total Dentists per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Data for 2002 does not include dental residents.

42,4

42,4

43,8

44,0

44,7

45,8

46,8

47,3

48,3

49,5

49,9

50,1

50,2

54,0

55,9

55,7

55,6

54,4

52,7

30,3

43,1

46,9

42,8

46,1

49,9

28,3

3,6

1,7

0,5

0,3

0,9

1,5

22,9

9,6

4,7

7,7

4,0

0,1

21,5

0 25 50 75 100

Central Anatolia



Mideastern Anatolia

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Istanbul

Turkey

Mediterranean

Aegean

Eastern Marmara

Western Marmara

Western Anatolia

%

NUTS-1


10

11

12

12

13

13

13

14

14

15

15

16

18

3

4

3

4

3

5

6

4

6

5

6

6

9

0 5 10 15 20

Istanbul

Mediterranean


Eastern Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia

Turkey

Central Anatolia


Aegean

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Western Blacksea

Western Anatolia

Number of Dentist

NUTS-1

2002 2018

244



Table 10.5. Distribution of Dentists, Specialist Dentists and Dental Residents by NUTS-1, MoH, (%), 2018

NUTS-1 Specialist Dentist Dentist Dental Resident

Istanbul 9,9 89,1 1,0 Western Marmara 5,8 94,2 0,0 Aegean 8,4 90,8 0,7 Eastern Marmara 7,7 92,1 0,2 Western Anatolia 19,0 79,8 1,3 Mediterranean 7,7 91,8 0,5 Central Anatolia 4,8 94,6 0,6 Western Blacksea 5,7 93,2 1,1 Eastern Blacksea 7,2 92,3 0,5 Northeastern Anatolia 1,6 98,1 0,3 Mideastern Anatolia 2,1 97,7 0,2 Southeastern Anatolia 3,2 96,8 0,0

Turkey 8,3 91,0 0,6

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.23. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018


163

195

209

216

219

219

229

247

256

257

268

279

310

73

82

140

162

150

141

185

155

210

126

121

188

227

0 100 200 300

Istanbul


Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Western Anatolia

Turkey

Aegean

Central Anatolia

Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea


NUTS-1

2002 2018

Table 10.5. Distribution of Dentists, Specialist Dentists and Dental Residents by NUTS-1, MoH, (%), 2018

NUTS-1 Specialist Dentist Dentist Dental Resident

Istanbul 9,9 89,1 1,0 Western Marmara 5,8 94,2 0,0 Aegean 8,4 90,8 0,7 Eastern Marmara 7,7 92,1 0,2 Western Anatolia 19,0 79,8 1,3 Mediterranean 7,7 91,8 0,5 Central Anatolia 4,8 94,6 0,6 Western Blacksea 5,7 93,2 1,1 Eastern Blacksea 7,2 92,3 0,5 Northeastern Anatolia 1,6 98,1 0,3 Mideastern Anatolia 2,1 97,7 0,2 Southeastern Anatolia 3,2 96,8 0,0

Turkey 8,3 91,0 0,6

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.23. Number of Nurses and Midwives per 100.000 Population by NUTS-1, MoH, 2002, 2018


163

195

209

216

219

219

229

247

256

257

268

279

310

73

82

140

162

150

141

185

155

210

126

121

188

227

0 100 200 300

Istanbul


Eastern Marmara

Mediterranean

Western Anatolia

Turkey

Aegean

Central Anatolia

Western Marmara

Mideastern Anatolia


Western Blacksea

Eastern Blacksea


NUTS-1

2002 2018

245


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.24. Distribution of Total Physicians by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.25. Distribution of General Practitioners by Years and Sectors, (%)


59,8

60,2

59,6

58,5

57,4

56,4

62,4

21,0

20,2

21,2

20,4

20,8

21,2

21,9

19,2

19,7

19,2

21,1

21,8

22,4

15,7

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year

%Ministry of Health University Private

89,5

86,7

86,3

85,7

84,7

84,5

93,9

0,7

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,6

0,6

9,8

12,7

13,2

13,7

14,8

14,9

5,5

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


Figure 10.24. Distribution of Total Physicians by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.25. Distribution of General Practitioners by Years and Sectors, (%)


59,8

60,2

59,6

58,5

57,4

56,4

62,4

21,0

20,2

21,2

20,4

20,8

21,2

21,9

19,2

19,7

19,2

21,1

21,8

22,4

15,7

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


89,5

86,7

86,3

85,7

84,7

84,5

93,9

0,7

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,6

0,6

9,8

12,7

13,2

13,7

14,8

14,9

5,5

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


246



Figure 10.26. Distribution of Specialist Physicians by Years and Sectors, (%)

Source: General Directorate of Health Services Figure 10.27. Distribution of Total Dentists by Years and Sectors, (%) Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Unlike the previous years, the number of dentists includes dental residents for the year of 2018. Distribution of total dentists not including dental residents is 37,6%, 7,8% and 54,5% for MoH, University and Private sector respectively.

52,3

52,8

51,6

50,0

49,0

47,5

48,8

17,4

17,8

20,2

19,3

19,9

20,2

23,1

30,3

29,4

28,2

30,7

31,1

32,3

28,1

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year




52,3

52,8

51,6

50,0

49,0

47,5

48,8

17,4

17,8

20,2

19,3

19,9

20,2

23,1

30,3

29,4

28,2

30,7

31,1

32,3

28,1

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


35,3

35,0

34,2

35,0

33,2

35,9

19,6

13,8

9,0

9,0

6,8

6,0

4,3

4,2

50,9

56,0

56,8

58,2

60,8

59,8

76,2

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year




52,3

52,8

51,6

50,0

49,0

47,5

48,8

17,4

17,8

20,2

19,3

19,9

20,2

23,1

30,3

29,4

28,2

30,7

31,1

32,3

28,1

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


247


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Figure 10.28. Distribution of Pharmacists by Years and Sectors, (%) Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Unlike the previous years, the number of pharmacists includes second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist for the year of 2018. Distribution of pharmacist not including second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist is 10,1%, 2,3% and 87,6% for MoH, University and Private sector respectively.

Figure 10.29. Distribution of Nurses and Midwives by Years and Sectors, (%)


72,7

73,3

73,6

72,8

73,0

73,8

82,4

12,2

11,4

11,4

11,4

11,9

11,4

7,9

15,2

15,4

15,0

15,9

15,2

14,8

9,7

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


Figure 10.28. Distribution of Pharmacists by Years and Sectors, (%) Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Unlike the previous years, the number of pharmacists includes second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist for the year of 2018. Distribution of pharmacist not including second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist is 10,1%, 2,3% and 87,6% for MoH, University and Private sector respectively.



72,7

73,3

73,6

72,8

73,0

73,8

82,4

12,2

11,4

11,4

11,4

11,9

11,4

7,9

15,2

15,4

15,0

15,9

15,2

14,8

9,7

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


9,6

10,0

8,3

7,8

7,7

7,7

7,22,

21,

21,

11,

11,

11,

10,

6

88,3

88,8

90,6

91,1

91,1

91,3

92,2

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year

%Ministry of Health University PrivateFigure 10.28. Distribution of Pharmacists by Years and Sectors, (%) Source: General Directorate of Health Services Note: Unlike the previous years, the number of pharmacists includes second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist for the year of 2018. Distribution of pharmacist not including second pharmacist and graduated intern pharmacist is 10,1%, 2,3% and 87,6% for MoH, University and Private sector respectively.



72,7

73,3

73,6

72,8

73,0

73,8

82,4

12,2

11,4

11,4

11,4

11,9

11,4

7,9

15,2

15,4

15,0

15,9

15,2

14,8

9,7

0 20 40 60 80 100

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2002

Year


248



Table 10.6. Distribution of MoH Personnel by Service Units, 2018

Hospitals Family Medicine Unit Other Facilities Total

Specialist Physicians 40.541 1.814 992 43.347

General Practitioners 10.719 22.268 6.455 39.442

Medical Residents 8.770 0 0 8.770


Total Dentists 4.642 0 6.172 10.814

Pharmacists 2.747 0 317 3.064

Nurses 113.641 7.448 5.802 126.891

Midwives 27.028 13.299 12.168 52.495


Total Personnel 475.101 64.317 102.766 642.184

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, General Directorate of Public Health Figure 10.30. Population per Actively Working Family Medicine by NUTS-1, 2018


3.122

3.218

3.252

3.281

3.302

3.321

3.332

3.405

3.439

3.468

3.477

3.478

3.721

0 1.500 3.000 4.500

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean


Aegean

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Turkey

Western Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

NUTS-1

Population

Table 10.6. Distribution of MoH Personnel by Service Units, 2018

Hospitals Family Medicine Unit Other Facilities Total

Specialist Physicians 40.541 1.814 992 43.347

General Practitioners 10.719 22.268 6.455 39.442

Medical Residents 8.770 0 0 8.770


Total Dentists 4.642 0 6.172 10.814

Pharmacists 2.747 0 317 3.064

Nurses 113.641 7.448 5.802 126.891

Midwives 27.028 13.299 12.168 52.495


Total Personnel 475.101 64.317 102.766 642.184

Source: General Directorate of Health Services, General Directorate of Public Health Figure 10.30. Population per Actively Working Family Medicine by NUTS-1, 2018


3.122

3.218

3.252

3.281

3.302

3.321

3.332

3.405

3.439

3.468

3.477

3.478

3.721

0 1.500 3.000 4.500

Central Anatolia

Mediterranean


Aegean

Western Blacksea

Western Marmara

Eastern Blacksea

Turkey

Western Anatolia

Mideastern Anatolia


Eastern Marmara

Istanbul

NUTS-1

Population

249


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth


Adan

aŞanlıurfa

Mar

din

Edirn

e

Kırklareli

Tekirdağ

Çanakkale

Balıkesir

Bursa

Saka

rya

Bilec

ik

Kütah

ya

Man

isaAf

yonk

arah

isar

Eskişehir

Ispar

taKo

nya

Anka

ra

Mala

tya

Siva

sYo

zgat

Kırşe

hir

Kahram

anmaraş

Kays

eri

Mer

sin

Ordu

Düzce Bo

lu

Koca

eli

Bartın

Sam

sun

Sino

pKa

stam

onu

Artv

inAr

daha

nRi

ze

Kars

Erzu

rum

Van

Muş

Iğdır

Ağrı

Bingöl

Bitli

s

Siirt Şırnak

Hakk

ari

Trab

zon

Gümüşhane

Tunc

eli

Erzin

canBa

ybur

t

Gire

sun

Adıya

man

Elazığ

Diyarbakır

Batm

an

Aksa

ray

Osm

aniy

e

Hatay

Kilis

Gazia

ntep

Kara

man

Muğla

Aydın

Uşak

Deni

zliBu

rdur

Antal

ya

Nevşehir

Yalo

va

Toka

t

Amas

yaÇankırı

Çorum

İzmir

Kırıkkale

Niğde

Karabük

Zong

ulda

kİstanbul

Ç<

3.08

43.

084 -

3.24

0

3.24

1 -3.

500

> 3.

500

=

Map

10.

7. P

opul

atio

n pe

r Act

ivel

y W

orki

ng F

amily

Med

icin

e by

Pro

vinc

es, 2

018

Sour

ce: G

ener

al D

irect

orat

e of

Pub

lic H

ealth

250



Table 10.7. Number of Students and Academic Staff Member in Faculties of Medicine by Education Terms

Education Term Number of Faculties

Number of Student Number of Academic

Staff Member Recently Enrolled Total Graduates

2002-2003 44 4.998 31.966 4.804 7.172

2014-2015 83 12.449 65.879 5.177 13.796

2015-2016 85 13.059 71.370 6.896 14.263

2016-2017 85 13.044 75.902 7.651 13.123

2017-2018 94 14.555 82.865 8.530 14.133

2018-2019 96 15.859 89.356 9.395 14.810

Source: Council of Higher Education, Higher Education Statistics Note: Graduate numbers belong to previous education term. Table 10.8. Number of Students and Academic Staff Member in Faculties of Dentistry by Education Terms




2002-2003 14 975 5.256 813 605

2014-2015 40 3.526 14.963 1.567 1.493

2015-2016 43 3.825 17.027 1.710 1.636

2016-2017 46 4.269 18.890 2.128 1.541

2017-2018 50 4.895 21.285 2.584 1.723

2018-2019 63 6.612 24.896 2.980 1.930

Source: Council of Higher Education, Higher Education Statistics Note: Graduate numbers belong to previous education term. Table 10.9. Number of Students and Academic Staff Member in Faculties of Pharmacy by Education Terms




2002-2003 11 939 4.120 919 354

2014-2015 24 2.017 9.212 1.227 681

2015-2016 25 2.135 10.108 1.304 726

2016-2017 29 2.319 10.905 1.448 741

2017-2018 31 2.613 11.953 1.545 786

2018-2019 35 3.605 13.943 1.723 862

Source: Council of Higher Education, Higher Education Statistics Note: Graduate numbers belong to previous education term.





2002-2003 44 4.998 31.966 4.804 7.172

2014-2015 83 12.449 65.879 5.177 13.796

2015-2016 85 13.059 71.370 6.896 14.263

2016-2017 85 13.044 75.902 7.651 13.123

2017-2018 94 14.555 82.865 8.530 14.133

2018-2019 96 15.859 89.356 9.395 14.810





2002-2003 14 975 5.256 813 605

2014-2015 40 3.526 14.963 1.567 1.493

2015-2016 43 3.825 17.027 1.710 1.636

2016-2017 46 4.269 18.890 2.128 1.541

2017-2018 50 4.895 21.285 2.584 1.723

2018-2019 63 6.612 24.896 2.980 1.930





2002-2003 11 939 4.120 919 354

2014-2015 24 2.017 9.212 1.227 681

2015-2016 25 2.135 10.108 1.304 726

2016-2017 29 2.319 10.905 1.448 741

2017-2018 31 2.613 11.953 1.545 786

2018-2019 35 3.605 13.943 1.723 862






2002-2003 44 4.998 31.966 4.804 7.172

2014-2015 83 12.449 65.879 5.177 13.796

2015-2016 85 13.059 71.370 6.896 14.263

2016-2017 85 13.044 75.902 7.651 13.123

2017-2018 94 14.555 82.865 8.530 14.133

2018-2019 96 15.859 89.356 9.395 14.810





2002-2003 14 975 5.256 813 605

2014-2015 40 3.526 14.963 1.567 1.493

2015-2016 43 3.825 17.027 1.710 1.636

2016-2017 46 4.269 18.890 2.128 1.541

2017-2018 50 4.895 21.285 2.584 1.723

2018-2019 63 6.612 24.896 2.980 1.930





2002-2003 11 939 4.120 919 354

2014-2015 24 2.017 9.212 1.227 681

2015-2016 25 2.135 10.108 1.304 726

2016-2017 29 2.319 10.905 1.448 741

2017-2018 31 2.613 11.953 1.545 786

2018-2019 35 3.605 13.943 1.723 862


251


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth



City Specialist Physician

General Practitioner

Medical Resident

Total Physician

Total Dentist Pharmacist Nurse Midwife

Other Health

Personnel

Adana 2.330 1.238 747 4.315 755 876 5.041 1.476 5.083

Adıyaman 394 408 91 893 173 193 1.340 557 1.440

Afyonkarahisar 481 423 153 1.057 175 283 1.576 544 1.864

Ağrı 223 281 2 506 62 127 811 300 754

Amasya 222 216 11 449 91 137 735 324 977

Ankara 9.277 2.507 4.924 16.708 3.230 2.647 15.702 3.286 14.681

Antalya 2.930 1.362 821 5.113 1.258 1.343 5.483 1.850 5.619

Artvin 102 152 1 255 35 63 414 195 524

Aydın 1.137 647 327 2.111 454 503 2.500 1.069 2.362

Balıkesir 1.002 719 82 1.803 356 528 2.798 1.367 2.606

Bilecik 125 145 0 270 56 75 416 179 572

Bingöl 127 188 2 317 58 77 632 278 685

Bitlis 157 242 2 401 65 76 757 249 688

Bolu 363 203 174 740 186 148 1.059 287 963

Burdur 191 204 1 396 78 124 639 345 831

Bursa 2.720 1.457 768 4.945 1.092 1.099 6.338 1.800 5.414

Çanakkale 546 312 163 1.021 179 219 1.375 601 1.374

Çankırı 107 130 1 238 51 72 419 166 683

Çorum 378 348 42 768 127 208 1.397 478 1.334

Denizli 1.031 535 362 1.928 388 500 2.548 1.040 2.599

Diyarbakır 1.228 953 472 2.653 406 438 3.684 1.030 3.037

Edirne 538 258 390 1.186 176 189 1.365 398 1.131

Elazığ 586 376 13 975 200 209 1.795 577 1.488

Erzincan 217 157 44 418 66 81 531 212 656

Erzurum 696 518 372 1.586 281 248 2.426 611 1.900

Eskişehir 1.031 457 419 1.907 380 401 2.874 759 2.462

Gaziantep 1.587 959 361 2.907 507 681 4.188 1.169 3.225

Giresun 346 314 18 678 99 197 1.191 490 1.415

Gümüşhane 88 98 0 186 38 43 331 123 401

Hakkari 148 125 0 273 41 49 428 178 501

Hatay 1.195 894 200 2.289 443 622 3.134 973 2.973

Isparta 547 275 260 1.082 267 214 1.607 539 1.400

Mersin 1.565 941 327 2.833 566 796 3.968 1.695 3.813

İstanbul 20.203 6.734 6.115 33.052 7.539 5.999 34.502 6.116 27.392

İzmir 6.256 2.323 2.468 11.047 2.226 2.015 10.093 2.715 8.853

Kars 193 179 39 411 50 67 569 288 585

Kastamonu 215 282 4 501 91 145 840 267 1.045

Kayseri 1.273 743 705 2.721 533 633 3.429 1.044 3.478

Kırklareli 279 222 1 502 125 155 727 332 793

Kırşehir 195 158 10 363 50 100 487 256 746

Kocaeli 1.779 898 332 3.009 626 561 4.083 1.190 3.845





Medical Resident

Total Physician


Other Health

Personnel

Adana 2.330 1.238 747 4.315 755 876 5.041 1.476 5.083

Adıyaman 394 408 91 893 173 193 1.340 557 1.440

Afyonkarahisar 481 423 153 1.057 175 283 1.576 544 1.864

Ağrı 223 281 2 506 62 127 811 300 754

Amasya 222 216 11 449 91 137 735 324 977

Ankara 9.277 2.507 4.924 16.708 3.230 2.647 15.702 3.286 14.681

Antalya 2.930 1.362 821 5.113 1.258 1.343 5.483 1.850 5.619

Artvin 102 152 1 255 35 63 414 195 524

Aydın 1.137 647 327 2.111 454 503 2.500 1.069 2.362

Balıkesir 1.002 719 82 1.803 356 528 2.798 1.367 2.606

Bilecik 125 145 0 270 56 75 416 179 572

Bingöl 127 188 2 317 58 77 632 278 685

Bitlis 157 242 2 401 65 76 757 249 688

Bolu 363 203 174 740 186 148 1.059 287 963

Burdur 191 204 1 396 78 124 639 345 831

Bursa 2.720 1.457 768 4.945 1.092 1.099 6.338 1.800 5.414

Çanakkale 546 312 163 1.021 179 219 1.375 601 1.374

Çankırı 107 130 1 238 51 72 419 166 683

Çorum 378 348 42 768 127 208 1.397 478 1.334

Denizli 1.031 535 362 1.928 388 500 2.548 1.040 2.599

Diyarbakır 1.228 953 472 2.653 406 438 3.684 1.030 3.037

Edirne 538 258 390 1.186 176 189 1.365 398 1.131

Elazığ 586 376 13 975 200 209 1.795 577 1.488

Erzincan 217 157 44 418 66 81 531 212 656

Erzurum 696 518 372 1.586 281 248 2.426 611 1.900

Eskişehir 1.031 457 419 1.907 380 401 2.874 759 2.462

Gaziantep 1.587 959 361 2.907 507 681 4.188 1.169 3.225

Giresun 346 314 18 678 99 197 1.191 490 1.415

Gümüşhane 88 98 0 186 38 43 331 123 401

Hakkari 148 125 0 273 41 49 428 178 501

Hatay 1.195 894 200 2.289 443 622 3.134 973 2.973

Isparta 547 275 260 1.082 267 214 1.607 539 1.400

Mersin 1.565 941 327 2.833 566 796 3.968 1.695 3.813

İstanbul 20.203 6.734 6.115 33.052 7.539 5.999 34.502 6.116 27.392

İzmir 6.256 2.323 2.468 11.047 2.226 2.015 10.093 2.715 8.853

Kars 193 179 39 411 50 67 569 288 585

Kastamonu 215 282 4 501 91 145 840 267 1.045

Kayseri 1.273 743 705 2.721 533 633 3.429 1.044 3.478

Kırklareli 279 222 1 502 125 155 727 332 793

Kırşehir 195 158 10 363 50 100 487 256 746

Kocaeli 1.779 898 332 3.009 626 561 4.083 1.190 3.845





Medical Resident

Total Physician


Other Health

Personnel

Adana 2.330 1.238 747 4.315 755 876 5.041 1.476 5.083

Adıyaman 394 408 91 893 173 193 1.340 557 1.440

Afyonkarahisar 481 423 153 1.057 175 283 1.576 544 1.864

Ağrı 223 281 2 506 62 127 811 300 754

Amasya 222 216 11 449 91 137 735 324 977

Ankara 9.277 2.507 4.924 16.708 3.230 2.647 15.702 3.286 14.681

Antalya 2.930 1.362 821 5.113 1.258 1.343 5.483 1.850 5.619

Artvin 102 152 1 255 35 63 414 195 524

Aydın 1.137 647 327 2.111 454 503 2.500 1.069 2.362

Balıkesir 1.002 719 82 1.803 356 528 2.798 1.367 2.606

Bilecik 125 145 0 270 56 75 416 179 572

Bingöl 127 188 2 317 58 77 632 278 685

Bitlis 157 242 2 401 65 76 757 249 688

Bolu 363 203 174 740 186 148 1.059 287 963

Burdur 191 204 1 396 78 124 639 345 831

Bursa 2.720 1.457 768 4.945 1.092 1.099 6.338 1.800 5.414

Çanakkale 546 312 163 1.021 179 219 1.375 601 1.374

Çankırı 107 130 1 238 51 72 419 166 683

Çorum 378 348 42 768 127 208 1.397 478 1.334

Denizli 1.031 535 362 1.928 388 500 2.548 1.040 2.599

Diyarbakır 1.228 953 472 2.653 406 438 3.684 1.030 3.037

Edirne 538 258 390 1.186 176 189 1.365 398 1.131

Elazığ 586 376 13 975 200 209 1.795 577 1.488

Erzincan 217 157 44 418 66 81 531 212 656

Erzurum 696 518 372 1.586 281 248 2.426 611 1.900

Eskişehir 1.031 457 419 1.907 380 401 2.874 759 2.462

Gaziantep 1.587 959 361 2.907 507 681 4.188 1.169 3.225

Giresun 346 314 18 678 99 197 1.191 490 1.415

Gümüşhane 88 98 0 186 38 43 331 123 401

Hakkari 148 125 0 273 41 49 428 178 501

Hatay 1.195 894 200 2.289 443 622 3.134 973 2.973

Isparta 547 275 260 1.082 267 214 1.607 539 1.400

Mersin 1.565 941 327 2.833 566 796 3.968 1.695 3.813

İstanbul 20.203 6.734 6.115 33.052 7.539 5.999 34.502 6.116 27.392

İzmir 6.256 2.323 2.468 11.047 2.226 2.015 10.093 2.715 8.853

Kars 193 179 39 411 50 67 569 288 585

Kastamonu 215 282 4 501 91 145 840 267 1.045

Kayseri 1.273 743 705 2.721 533 633 3.429 1.044 3.478

Kırklareli 279 222 1 502 125 155 727 332 793

Kırşehir 195 158 10 363 50 100 487 256 746

Kocaeli 1.779 898 332 3.009 626 561 4.083 1.190 3.845


252






Medical Resident

Total Physician


Other Health

Personnel

Konya 2.017 1.234 1.007 4.258 763 952 5.414 1.412 5.086

Kütahya 363 394 6 763 153 208 1.442 468 1.433

Malatya 838 505 365 1.708 301 305 2.225 914 2.163

Manisa 1.308 795 277 2.380 359 591 3.262 1.214 2.842

Kahramanmaraş 764 640 215 1.619 238 364 2.726 812 2.549

Mardin 415 503 3 921 157 235 1.376 537 1.432

Muğla 940 607 105 1.652 400 500 1.928 892 2.200

Muş 165 220 2 387 52 76 689 262 626

Nevşehir 176 195 0 371 75 120 552 241 809

Niğde 220 223 0 443 75 124 727 335 905

Ordu 568 480 24 1.072 248 298 1.804 703 1.830

Rize 322 222 157 701 140 133 993 254 898

Sakarya 780 541 239 1.560 297 350 1.863 638 1.761

Samsun 1.439 766 532 2.737 511 539 3.811 1.106 3.715

Siirt 168 210 1 379 50 89 708 186 626

Sinop 141 153 0 294 60 89 551 193 681

Sivas 559 400 248 1.207 245 235 1.941 607 1.786

Tekirdağ 798 489 130 1.417 344 348 1.871 587 1.783

Tokat 422 362 149 933 208 217 1.650 555 1.654

Trabzon 852 488 431 1.771 350 358 2.835 681 2.605

Tunceli 59 87 1 147 32 23 207 148 350

Şanlıurfa 1.017 1.070 168 2.255 326 578 3.071 1.040 2.527

Uşak 286 222 0 508 130 139 921 498 860

Van 618 546 245 1.409 197 227 2.410 702 2.011

Yozgat 282 325 41 648 84 149 1.083 427 1.117

Zonguldak 505 322 209 1.036 210 229 1.709 470 1.289

Aksaray 272 238 0 510 90 176 778 294 963

Bayburt 50 62 0 112 17 20 203 78 263

Karaman 171 156 0 327 65 107 596 228 632

Kırıkkale 284 164 192 640 134 109 605 249 1.034

Batman 370 348 0 718 97 163 1.195 371 1.182

Şırnak 213 237 5 455 83 104 661 232 624

Bartın 119 128 1 248 48 84 425 168 409

Ardahan 59 75 0 134 25 24 223 110 304

Iğdır 90 112 3 205 35 57 368 140 332

Yalova 241 145 2 388 91 100 538 177 643

Karabük 236 156 31 423 68 98 671 238 701

Kilis 121 156 0 277 37 53 419 150 462

Osmaniye 330 317 1 648 142 205 1.041 448 1.381

Düzce 308 179 167 654 99 115 775 233 749

Turkey 82.894 44.053 26.181 153.128 30.615 32.032 190.499 56.351 177.409





Medical Resident

Total Physician


Other Health

Personnel

Konya 2.017 1.234 1.007 4.258 763 952 5.414 1.412 5.086

Kütahya 363 394 6 763 153 208 1.442 468 1.433

Malatya 838 505 365 1.708 301 305 2.225 914 2.163

Manisa 1.308 795 277 2.380 359 591 3.262 1.214 2.842

Kahramanmaraş 764 640 215 1.619 238 364 2.726 812 2.549

Mardin 415 503 3 921 157 235 1.376 537 1.432

Muğla 940 607 105 1.652 400 500 1.928 892 2.200

Muş 165 220 2 387 52 76 689 262 626

Nevşehir 176 195 0 371 75 120 552 241 809

Niğde 220 223 0 443 75 124 727 335 905

Ordu 568 480 24 1.072 248 298 1.804 703 1.830

Rize 322 222 157 701 140 133 993 254 898

Sakarya 780 541 239 1.560 297 350 1.863 638 1.761

Samsun 1.439 766 532 2.737 511 539 3.811 1.106 3.715

Siirt 168 210 1 379 50 89 708 186 626

Sinop 141 153 0 294 60 89 551 193 681

Sivas 559 400 248 1.207 245 235 1.941 607 1.786

Tekirdağ 798 489 130 1.417 344 348 1.871 587 1.783

Tokat 422 362 149 933 208 217 1.650 555 1.654

Trabzon 852 488 431 1.771 350 358 2.835 681 2.605

Tunceli 59 87 1 147 32 23 207 148 350

Şanlıurfa 1.017 1.070 168 2.255 326 578 3.071 1.040 2.527

Uşak 286 222 0 508 130 139 921 498 860

Van 618 546 245 1.409 197 227 2.410 702 2.011

Yozgat 282 325 41 648 84 149 1.083 427 1.117

Zonguldak 505 322 209 1.036 210 229 1.709 470 1.289

Aksaray 272 238 0 510 90 176 778 294 963

Bayburt 50 62 0 112 17 20 203 78 263

Karaman 171 156 0 327 65 107 596 228 632

Kırıkkale 284 164 192 640 134 109 605 249 1.034

Batman 370 348 0 718 97 163 1.195 371 1.182

Şırnak 213 237 5 455 83 104 661 232 624

Bartın 119 128 1 248 48 84 425 168 409

Ardahan 59 75 0 134 25 24 223 110 304

Iğdır 90 112 3 205 35 57 368 140 332

Yalova 241 145 2 388 91 100 538 177 643

Karabük 236 156 31 423 68 98 671 238 701

Kilis 121 156 0 277 37 53 419 150 462

Osmaniye 330 317 1 648 142 205 1.041 448 1.381

Düzce 308 179 167 654 99 115 775 233 749

Turkey 82.894 44.053 26.181 153.128 30.615 32.032 190.499 56.351 177.409





Medical Resident

Total Physician


Other Health

Personnel

Konya 2.017 1.234 1.007 4.258 763 952 5.414 1.412 5.086

Kütahya 363 394 6 763 153 208 1.442 468 1.433

Malatya 838 505 365 1.708 301 305 2.225 914 2.163

Manisa 1.308 795 277 2.380 359 591 3.262 1.214 2.842

Kahramanmaraş 764 640 215 1.619 238 364 2.726 812 2.549

Mardin 415 503 3 921 157 235 1.376 537 1.432

Muğla 940 607 105 1.652 400 500 1.928 892 2.200

Muş 165 220 2 387 52 76 689 262 626

Nevşehir 176 195 0 371 75 120 552 241 809

Niğde 220 223 0 443 75 124 727 335 905

Ordu 568 480 24 1.072 248 298 1.804 703 1.830

Rize 322 222 157 701 140 133 993 254 898

Sakarya 780 541 239 1.560 297 350 1.863 638 1.761

Samsun 1.439 766 532 2.737 511 539 3.811 1.106 3.715

Siirt 168 210 1 379 50 89 708 186 626

Sinop 141 153 0 294 60 89 551 193 681

Sivas 559 400 248 1.207 245 235 1.941 607 1.786

Tekirdağ 798 489 130 1.417 344 348 1.871 587 1.783

Tokat 422 362 149 933 208 217 1.650 555 1.654

Trabzon 852 488 431 1.771 350 358 2.835 681 2.605

Tunceli 59 87 1 147 32 23 207 148 350

Şanlıurfa 1.017 1.070 168 2.255 326 578 3.071 1.040 2.527

Uşak 286 222 0 508 130 139 921 498 860

Van 618 546 245 1.409 197 227 2.410 702 2.011

Yozgat 282 325 41 648 84 149 1.083 427 1.117

Zonguldak 505 322 209 1.036 210 229 1.709 470 1.289

Aksaray 272 238 0 510 90 176 778 294 963

Bayburt 50 62 0 112 17 20 203 78 263

Karaman 171 156 0 327 65 107 596 228 632

Kırıkkale 284 164 192 640 134 109 605 249 1.034

Batman 370 348 0 718 97 163 1.195 371 1.182

Şırnak 213 237 5 455 83 104 661 232 624

Bartın 119 128 1 248 48 84 425 168 409

Ardahan 59 75 0 134 25 24 223 110 304

Iğdır 90 112 3 205 35 57 368 140 332

Yalova 241 145 2 388 91 100 538 177 643

Karabük 236 156 31 423 68 98 671 238 701

Kilis 121 156 0 277 37 53 419 150 462

Osmaniye 330 317 1 648 142 205 1.041 448 1.381

Düzce 308 179 167 654 99 115 775 233 749

Turkey 82.894 44.053 26.181 153.128 30.615 32.032 190.499 56.351 177.409


253


Hum

an Re

sour

ces

for H

ealth



Data collection method was changed in 2018 and personnel data were obtained from Health Personnel Tracking System (SPTS) Database.

Number of health care professionals working in central organization is not included in personnel data within chapter for the 2018. Health care professionals working in central organization by titles are given in Table 10.4.

The numbers of the SSI staff in years 2002 were included in the number of the Ministry of Health staff.

The numbers of the health personnel working in the institutions and organizations affiliated to the Ministry of National Defence are not included in the numbers of personnel before 2012.

4-point Likert was used while creating the maps within the chapter and the number of provinces was tried to distribute evenly while determining the Likert borders. The value of the provinces was rounded up to the closest whole number. These whole numbers were taken into account while making the Likert scales.



Owner Pharmacist and Pharmacist Manager: Pharmacist who has a Pharmacy license and right to operate a pharmacy.

Second Pharmacist: In community pharmacy, second pharmacist work with the pharmacist who is owner of pharmacy or responsible for the pharmacy. They work in this pharmacy according to the prescribing number or endorsement of pharmacy or they can work independent of these criteria.

Graduated Intern Pharmacist: In 2013 and later years, after graduating from the faculty of pharmacy, the pharmacists, who is called graduated intern pharmacist, work with responsible manager in community pharmacy or hospital pharmacy under the service contract for at least one year. It is a necessary condition to open a community pharmacy or to work as a responsible manager in a community pharmacy.

Healthcare Professionals working in the following branches were included in the category of “Other Healthcare Professionals”: Surgery Technician, Anesthesia Technician, Biologist, Environmental Health Technician, Child Development Specialist, Dental Technician, Dental Technician, Dietitian, Physical Therapy Technician, Physiotherapist, Emergency and First Aid Technician, First and Emergency Care Repairman, Heart-Lung Pump Operation Technician, Laboratory Repairman, Laboratory Technician, Audiologist, Audiometric Repairman, Audiometric Technician, Orthopedic Technician, Pathological Anatomy Technician, Perfusion Pump Technician, Prosthetic Technician, Psychologist, Radiographer, Health Physicist, Health Officer of the War, Health Technician, Health Repairman, Cytopathologist, Social Worker, Medical Secretary, Medical Technologist, Public Health Technician.

*Repairmen: Person who graduated from Vocational High School

*Technician: Person who graduated from High School

“Other Institutions" which are indicated in the distribution of the Ministry of Health personnel: include 112 Emergency Care Center, Tuberculosis Dispensary, Cancer Early Diagnosis and Screening Center, Public Health Laboratory, CEKUS Unit, Oral and Dental Health Center personnel.

In the table where the Medical Faculty Statistics are given: Ataturk University, Gazi, Hacettepe and Istanbul Universities offer medical education both in English and in Turkish in different departments and they are not listed separately. The number of faculty members from other departments is not included.

Faculty professors, associate professors, and assistant professors are included in the number of academic staff member in faculty.

Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing

Chapter 11 HealthEconomicsand Financing

257


Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing


Table 11.1. Current, Investment and Total Health Expenditure by Years

Year Unit GDP Current Health Expenditure

Proportion of Current Health Expenditure to

the GDP (%)

Investment Expenditure

Proportion of Investment Expenditure to the GDP

(%)

Total Health Expenditure (Current +

Investment)

Proportion of Total Health Expenditure to the GDP

(%)

2002

Million ₺ 359.359 18.331

5,1

443

0,1

18.774

5,2 Million US $ 236.336 12.056 291 12.347

Million PPP US $ 607.794 31.004 749 31.753

2005

Million ₺ 673.703 33.292

4,9

2.067

0,3

35.359

5,2 Million US $ 499.877 24.702 1.534 26.236

Million PPP US $ 807.227 39.890 2.477 42.367

2006

Million ₺ 789.228 40.949

5,2

3.120

0,4

44.069

5,6 Million US $ 547.834 28.424 2.166 30.590

Million PPP US $ 936.569 48.593 3.703 52.296

2007

Million ₺ 880.461 46.495

5,3

4.409

0,5

50.904

5,8 Million US $ 677.439 35.774 3.392 39.167

Million PPP US $ 1.033.243 54.563 5.174 59.738

2008

Million ₺ 994.783 52.320

5,3

5.420

0,5

57.740

5,8 Million US $ 776.640 40.847 4.231 45.078

Million PPP US $ 1.130.486 59.457 6.159 65.617

2009

Million ₺ 999.192 55.294

5,5

2.616

0,3

57.911

5,8 Million US $ 646.895 35.799 1.694 37.492

Million PPP US $ 1.104.759 61.136 2.893 64.029

2010

Million ₺ 1.160.014 58.623

5,1

3.054

0,3

61.678

5,3 Million US $ 772.367 39.033 2.034 41.067

Million PPP US $ 1.260.360 63.694 3.319 67.013

2011

Million ₺ 1.394.477 65.372

4,7

3.236

0,2

68.607

4,9 Million US $ 831.691 38.989 1.930 40.919

Million PPP US $ 1.443.295 67.660 3.349 71.009

2012

Million ₺ 1.569.672 70.288

4,5

3.901

0,2

74.189

4,7 Million US $ 871.123 39.008 2.165 41.173

Million PPP US $ 1.539.112 68.919 3.825 72.744

2013

Million ₺ 1.809.713 79.702

4,4

4.688

0,3

84.390

4,7 Million US $ 950.351 41.855 2.462 44.317

Million PPP US $ 1.690.856 74.467 4.380 78.848

2014

Million ₺ 2.044.466 88.878

4,3

5.871

0,3

94.750

4,6 Million US $ 934.855 40.641 2.685 43.325

Million PPP US $ 1.851.026 80.469 5.316 85.785

2015

Million ₺ 2.338.647 96.786

4,1

7.782

0,3

104.568

4,5 Million US $ 861.879 35.669 2.868 38.537

Million PPP US $ 2.012.361 83.282 6.696 89.978

2016

Million ₺ 2.608.526 112.540

4,3

7.216

0,3

119.756

4,6 Million US $ 862.744 37.222 2.387 39.608

Million PPP US $ 2.087.370 90.056 5.774 95.830

2017

Million ₺ 3.110.650 130.981

4,2

9.666

0,3

140.647

4,5 Million US $ 852.618 35.901 2.650 38.551

Million PPP US $ 2.264.002 95.331 7.035 102.366

2018

Million ₺ 3.724.388 154.998

4,2

10.236

0,3

165.234

4,4 Million US $ 789.043 32.838 2.169 35.006

Million PPP US $ 2.310.621 96.161 6.350 102.512

Source: TURKSTAT

258



Table 11.2. Public Current, Public Investment and Total Public Health Expenditure by Years

Year Unit

Public Current Health

Expenditure

Proportion of Public Current

Health Expenditure to

the GDP (%)

Public Investment Expenditure

Proportion of Public

Investment Expenditure to

the GDP (%)

Total Public Health

Expenditure (Current +

Investment)

Proportion of Total Public

Health Expenditure to

the GDP (%)

2002

Million ₺ 12.827

3,6

443

0,1

13.270

3,7 Million US $ 8.436 291 8.727

Million PPP US $ 21.695 749 22.444

2005

Million ₺ 22.554

3,3

1.433

0,2

23.987

3,6 Million US $ 16.735 1.063 17.798

Million PPP US $ 27.024 1.717 28.741

2006

Million ₺ 28.194

3,6

1.922

0,2

30.116

3,8 Million US $ 19.571 1.334 20.905

Million PPP US $ 33.458 2.281 35.738

2007

Million ₺ 31.981

3,6

2.549

0,3

34.530

3,9 Million US $ 24.607 1.961 26.568

Million PPP US $ 37.531 2.991 40.522

2008

Million ₺ 38.033

3,8

4.126

0,4

42.159

4,2 Million US $ 29.693 3.221 32.914

Million PPP US $ 43.221 4.689 47.910

2009

Million ₺ 44.511

4,5

2.379

0,2

46.890

4,7 Million US $ 28.817 1.540 30.357

Million PPP US $ 49.214 2.630 51.844

2010

Million ₺ 45.726

3,9

2.756

0,2

48.482

4,2 Million US $ 30.445 1.835 32.280

Million PPP US $ 49.681 2.994 52.675

2011

Million ₺ 51.728

3,7

2.852

0,2

54.580

3,9 Million US $ 30.851 1.701 32.552

Million PPP US $ 53.539 2.952 56.490

2012

Million ₺ 55.648

3,5

3.137

0,2

58.785

3,7 Million US $ 30.883 1.741 32.624

Million PPP US $ 54.564 3.076 57.640

2013

Million ₺ 62.447

3,5

3.781

0,2

66.228

3,7 Million US $ 32.793 1.986 34.779

Million PPP US $ 58.345 3.533 61.878

2014

Million ₺ 68.974

3,4

4.407

0,2

73.382

3,6 Million US $ 31.539 2.015 33.555

Million PPP US $ 62.448 3.990 66.438

2015

Million ₺ 75.622

3,2

6.499

0,3

82.121

3,5 Million US $ 27.870 2.395 30.265

Million PPP US $ 65.072 5.592 70.664

2016

Million ₺ 88.279

3,4

5.733

0,2

94.012

3,6 Million US $ 29.197 1.896 31.093

Million PPP US $ 70.642 4.588 75.229

2017

Million ₺ 101.786

3,3

7.958

0,3

109.744

3,5 Million US $ 27.899 2.181 30.080

Million PPP US $ 74.082 5.792 79.874

2018

Million ₺ 119.941

3,2

8.080

0,2

128.021

3,4 Million US $ 25.411 1.712 27.122

Million PPP US $ 74.412 5.013 79.425

Source: TURKSTAT

259


Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing


Figure 11.1. Public and Private Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.2. Public and Private Current Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT

3,4

3,5

3,6

3,5

3,6

3,7

3,7

3,9

4,2

4,7

4,2

3,9

3,8

3,6

3,7

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,1

1,1

1,6

1,9

1,8

1,7

1,5

4,4

4,5

4,6

4,5

4,6

4,7

4,7

4,9

5,3

5,8

5,8

5,8

5,6

5,2

5,2

0 2 4 6

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

GDP %

Year

Public Health Expenditure Private Health Expenditure

3,2

3,3

3,4

3,2

3,4

3,5

3,5

3,7

3,9

4,5

3,8

3,6

3,6

3,3

3,6

0,9

0,9

0,9

0,9

1,0

1,0

0,9

1,0

1,1

1,1

1,4

1,6

1,6

1,6

1,5

4,2

4,2

4,3

4,1

4,3

4,4

4,5

4,7

5,1

5,5

5,3

5,3

5,2

4,9

5,1

0 2 4 6

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

GDP %

Year

Public Current Health Expenditure Private Current Health Expenditure

Figure 11.1. Public and Private Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.2. Public and Private Current Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT

3,4

3,5

3,6

3,5

3,6

3,7

3,7

3,9

4,2

4,7

4,2

3,9

3,8

3,6

3,7

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,1

1,1

1,6

1,9

1,8

1,7

1,5

4,4

4,5

4,6

4,5

4,6

4,7

4,7

4,9

5,3

5,8

5,8

5,8

5,6

5,2

5,2

0 2 4 6

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

GDP %

Year


3,2

3,3

3,4

3,2

3,4

3,5

3,5

3,7

3,9

4,5

3,8

3,6

3,6

3,3

3,6

0,9

0,9

0,9

0,9

1,0

1,0

0,9

1,0

1,1

1,1

1,4

1,6

1,6

1,6

1,5

4,2

4,2

4,3

4,1

4,3

4,4

4,5

4,7

5,1

5,5

5,3

5,3

5,2

4,9

5,1

0 2 4 6

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

GDP %

Year


260



Figure 11.3. International Comparison of Current Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Figure 11.4. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, Nominal, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT

17,1

12,3

11,3

11,2

11,0

10,9

10,7

10,4

10,4

10,3

10,1

10,1

9,6

9,2

9,2

9,1

9,0

9,0

8,9

8,8

8,8

8,3

8,2

8,0

7,6

7,4

7,2

7,2

6,9

6,7

6,5

6,5

6,4

6,0

5,5

5,5

4,2

0

5

10

15

20Un

ited

Stat

esSw

itzer

land

Fran

ceGe

rman

ySw

eden

Japa

nCa

nada

Norw

ayAu

stria

Belg

ium

Denm

ark

Neth

erla

nds

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mFi

nlan

dAu

stra

liaNe

w Z

elan

dCh

ilePo

rtug

alSp

ain

Italy

OECD

Icel

and

Slov

enia

Gree

ceSo

uth

Kore

aIsr

ael

Czec

h Re

publ

icIre

land

Hung

ary

Slov

akia

Pola

ndLit

huan

iaEs

toni

aLa

tvia

Mex

icoLu

xem

bour

gTu

rkey

GDP %


1.5731.366

1.1861.050

951870

782735

663651

593492

435351

201

457385

325287

277239

205189

180153

219233

201166

83

2.0301.751

1.5111.337

1.2281.108

987924

843804813

726636

517284

0 300 600 900 1.200 1.500 1.800 2.100

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

₺

Year


Figure 11.3. International Comparison of Current Health Expenditure as a Share of GDP, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Figure 11.4. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, Nominal, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT

17,1

12,3

11,3

11,2

11,0

10,9

10,7

10,4

10,4

10,3

10,1

10,1

9,6

9,2

9,2

9,1

9,0

9,0

8,9

8,8

8,8

8,3

8,2

8,0

7,6

7,4

7,2

7,2

6,9

6,7

6,5

6,5

6,4

6,0

5,5

5,5

4,2

0

5

10

15

20

Unite

d St

ates

Switz

erla

ndFr

ance

Germ

any

Swed

enJa

pan

Cana

daNo

rway

Aust

riaBe

lgiu

mDe

nmar

kNe

ther

land

sUn

ited

King

dom

Finl

and

Aust

ralia

New

Zel

and

Chile

Port

ugal

Spai

nIta

lyOE

CDIc

elan

dSl

oven

iaGr

eece

Sout

h Ko

rea

Israe

lCz

ech

Repu

blic

Irela

ndHu

ngar

ySl

ovak

iaPo

land

Lithu

ania

Esto

nia

Latv

iaM

exico

Luxe

mbo

urg

Turk

ey

GDP %


1.5731.366

1.1861.050

951870

782735

663651

593492

435351

201

457385

325287

277239

205189

180153

219233

201166

83

2.0301.751

1.5111.337

1.2281.108

987924

843804813

726636

517284

0 300 600 900 1.200 1.500 1.800 2.100

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

₺

Year


261


Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing


Figure 11.5. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita at 2018 Price Level by Years, Real, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.6. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, in US $

Source: TURKSTAT

1.573

1.590

1.533

1.463

1.427

1.420

1.373

1.406

1.349

1.438

1.393

1.276

1.226

1.083

915

457

448

420

400

415

390

360

361

367

338

515

605

568

514

379

2.030

2.037

1.953

1.863

1.842

1.810

1.733

1.767

1.716

1.776

1.908

1.882

1.794

1.597

1.294

0 300 600 900 1.200 1.500 1.800 2.100

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

₺

Year


333375

392387

435457

434439441

421463

379302

260132

97105

107106

127125

114113120

99171

180140

12355

430480

500493

561582

548551

561520

634558

441383

187

0 200 400 600

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

US $

Year


Figure 11.5. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita at 2018 Price Level by Years, Real, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.6. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, in US $

Source: TURKSTAT

1.573

1.590

1.533

1.463

1.427

1.420

1.373

1.406

1.349

1.438

1.393

1.276

1.226

1.083

915

457

448

420

400

415

390

360

361

367

338

515

605

568

514

379

2.030

2.037

1.953

1.863

1.842

1.810

1.733

1.767

1.716

1.776

1.908

1.882

1.794

1.597

1.294

0 300 600 900 1.200 1.500 1.800 2.100

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

₺

Year


333375

392387

435457

434439441

421463

379302

260132

97105

107106

127125

114113120

99171

180140

12355

430480

500493

561582

548551

561520

634558

441383

187

0 200 400 600

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

US $

Year


262



Figure 11.7. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.8. Public and Private Current Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $

Source: TURKSTAT

976995

949903

861813

767761

720720

674578

516420

340

284280

260247

251223

201196

196169249

274239

199141

1.2591.275

1.2091.150

1.1111.035

968957

916889

924851

755619

481

0 300 600 900 1.200

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

PPP US $

Year


914922

891832

809766

726721

679683

608535

483395

329

267265

245233

233212

191190

192166

229243

218188

141

1.1811.187

1.1361.065

1.043978

917912

871849

837778

701583

470

0 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

PPP US $

Year


Figure 11.7. Public and Private Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.8. Public and Private Current Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $

Source: TURKSTAT

976995

949903

861813

767761

720720

674578

516420

340

284280

260247

251223

201196

196169249

274239

199141

1.2591.275

1.2091.150

1.1111.035

968957

916889

924851

755619

481

0 300 600 900 1.200

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

PPP US $

Year


914922

891832

809766

726721

679683

608535

483395

329

267265

245233

233212

191190

192166

229243

218188

141

1.1811.187

1.1361.065

1.043978

917912

871849

837778

701583

470

0 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

PPP US $

Year


263


Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing


Figure 11.9. International Comparison of Current Health Expenditure per Capita, PPP US $, 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belong to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Figure 11.10. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, Nominal, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT

10.2

077.

147

6.06

45.

848

5.27

05.

264

5.15

55.

025

4.94

14.

931

4.83

24.

812

4.79

14.

631

4.63

04.

154

4.12

73.

943

3.85

73.

742

3.37

63.

224

2.87

02.

850

2.80

12.

759

2.66

62.

207

2.18

82.

182

2.12

02.

095

2.04

81.

996

1.64

91.

181

0

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

Unite

d St

ates

Switz

erla

ndNo

rway

Germ

any

Aust

riaSw

eden

Neth

erla

nds

Denm

ark

Luxe

mbo

urg

Fran

ceBe

lgiu

mCa

nada

Aust

ralia

Irela

ndJa

pan

Icel

and

Finl

and

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mOE

CDNe

w Z

elan

dIta

lySp

ain

Sout

h Ko

rea

Czec

h Re

publ

icSl

oven

iaPo

rtug

alIsr

ael

Gree

ceSl

ovak

iaLit

huan

iaEs

toni

aCh

ilePo

land

Hung

ary

Latv

iaTu

rkey

PPP US $


352299

247221

218186

156143

138113

141158

140118

56

0 100 200 300

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

₺

Year

Figure 11.9. International Comparison of Current Health Expenditure per Capita, PPP US $, 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belong to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Figure 11.10. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, Nominal, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT

10.2

077.

147

6.06

45.

848

5.27

05.

264

5.15

55.

025

4.94

14.

931

4.83

24.

812

4.79

14.

631

4.63

04.

154

4.12

73.

943

3.85

73.

742

3.37

63.

224

2.87

02.

850

2.80

12.

759

2.66

62.

207

2.18

82.

182

2.12

02.

095

2.04

81.

996

1.64

91.

181

0

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

Unite

d St

ates

Switz

erla

ndNo

rway

Germ

any

Aust

riaSw

eden

Neth

erla

nds

Denm

ark

Luxe

mbo

urg

Fran

ceBe

lgiu

mCa

nada

Aust

ralia

Irela

ndJa

pan

Icel

and

Finl

and

Unite

d Ki

ngdo

mOE

CDNe

w Z

elan

dIta

lySp

ain

Sout

h Ko

rea

Czec

h Re

publ

icSl

oven

iaPo

rtug

alIsr

ael

Gree

ceSl

ovak

iaLit

huan

iaEs

toni

aCh

ilePo

land

Hung

ary

Latv

iaTu

rkey

PPP US $


352299

247221

218186

156143

138113

141158

140118

56

0 100 200 300

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

₺

Year

264



Figure 11.11. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita at 2018 Price Level, Real, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.12. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, in US $

Source: TURKSTAT

352348

319308

327304

274273

280250

332410

394364

257

0 100 200 300 400

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

Year

₺

75828282

10098

8785

9273

110122

9787

37

0 40 80 120

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002Year

US $

Figure 11.11. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita at 2018 Price Level, Real, in ₺

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.12. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, in US $

Source: TURKSTAT

352348

319308

327304

274273

280250

332410

394364

257

0 100 200 300 400

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

Year

₺

75828282

10098

8785

9273

110122

9787

37

0 40 80 120

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002Year

US $

265


Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing


Figure 11.13. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.14. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure as a Share of Total Health Expenditure by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT

218218

197190

197174

153148149

125161

186166

14195

0 50 100 150 200

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002Year

PPP US $

17,317,1

16,316,6

17,816,8

15,815,4

16,314,1

17,421,822,0

22,819,8

0 5 10 15 20 25

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

Year

%

Figure 11.13. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure per Capita by Years, PPP US $

Source: TURKSTAT Figure 11.14. Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure as a Share of Total Health Expenditure by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT

218218

197190

197174

153148149

125161

186166

14195

0 50 100 150 200

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002Year

PPP US $

17,317,1

16,316,6

17,816,8

15,815,4

16,314,1

17,421,822,0

22,819,8

0 5 10 15 20 25

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

Year

%

266



Figure 11.15. Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure as a Share of Total Current Health Expenditure by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT

Figure 11.16. International Comparison of Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure as a Share of Current Health Expenditure, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest.

17,517,4

16,516,9

17,716,9

15,915,9

16,914,5

19,223,9

23,624,2

20,3

0 5 10 15 20 25

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

Year

%

41,8

41,3

34,8

33,7

33,5

32,3

28,9

27,5

26,9

23,6

23,6

23,5

22,8

22,3

20,5

20,2

19,2

18,7

18,3

17,6

17,5

16,5

16,0

15,0

15,0

14,8

14,2

13,7

13,6

12,8

12,5

12,3

12,3

11,1

11,0

10,7

9,4

0

15

30

45

Latv

iaM

exico

Gree

ceSo

uth

Kore

aCh

ileLit

huan

iaSw

itzer

land

Port

ugal

Hung

ary

Esto

nia

Spai

nIta

lyPo

land

Israe

lOE

CDFi

nlan

dAu

stria

Slov

akia

Aust

ralia

Belg

ium

Turk

eyIc

elan

dUn

ited

King

dom

Swed

enCa

nada

Czec

h Re

publ

icNo

rway

Denm

ark

New

Zel

and

Japa

nGe

rman

ySl

oven

iaIre

land

Neth

erla

nds

Unite

d St

ates

Luxe

mbo

urg

Fran

ce

%

Figure 11.15. Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure as a Share of Total Current Health Expenditure by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT

Figure 11.16. International Comparison of Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure as a Share of Current Health Expenditure, (%), 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest.

17,517,4

16,516,9

17,716,9

15,915,9

16,914,5

19,223,9

23,624,2

20,3

0 5 10 15 20 25

201820172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052002

Year

%

41,8

41,3

34,8

33,7

33,5

32,3

28,9

27,5

26,9

23,6

23,6

23,5

22,8

22,3

20,5

20,2

19,2

18,7

18,3

17,6

17,5

16,5

16,0

15,0

15,0

14,8

14,2

13,7

13,6

12,8

12,5

12,3

12,3

11,1

11,0

10,7

9,4

0

15

30

45

Latv

iaM

exico

Gree

ceSo

uth

Kore

aCh

ileLit

huan

iaSw

itzer

land

Port

ugal

Hung

ary

Esto

nia

Spai

nIta

lyPo

land

Israe

lOE

CDFi

nlan

dAu

stria

Slov

akia

Aust

ralia

Belg

ium

Turk

eyIc

elan

dUn

ited

King

dom

Swed

enCa

nada

Czec

h Re

publ

icNo

rway

Denm

ark

New

Zel

and

Japa

nGe

rman

ySl

oven

iaIre

land

Neth

erla

nds

Unite

d St

ates

Luxe

mbo

urg

Fran

ce

%

267


Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing


Figure 11.17. International Comparison of Distribution of Current Health Expenditure by Financing Type, 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belong to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Some countries’ total does not give 100% due to having some other financing types. Figure 11.18. Rates of Increase of Non-Interest Expenditures and Public Health Expenditures by Years, (%)

Source: Public Health Expenditure; 2003-2018 TURKSTAT, Non-Interest Expenditures; Presidency of Turkey, Directorate of Strategy and Budgeting Note: Rates of increase were calculated based on the year 2003.

85 85 84 84 84 84 84 83 82 82 82 80 79 79 77 77 75 75 74 74 74 73 72 71 70 69 69 69 67 66 64 64 61 60 59 5752

14 11 13 13 11 14 159 15 16

11 19 16 14 17 18 20 2419 23 21

12 1224

1523 27

1832 28

2229 35 34 34 42

41

0 4 3 3 4 2 17 3 2

71 5 8 5 5 5 2 7 3 6

14 156

158 4

131 6

127 4 7 7

17

0

25

50

75

100

Norw

ayUn

ited

Stat

esGe

rman

yJa

pan

Luxe

mbo

urg

Denm

ark

Swed

enFr

ance

Czec

h Re

publ

icIc

elan

dNe

ther

land

sSl

ovak

iaUn

ited

King

dom

New

Zel

and

Turk

eyBe

lgiu

mFi

nlan

dEs

toni

aAu

stria

Italy

OECD

Irela

ndSl

oven

iaSp

ain

Cana

daPo

land

Hung

ary

Aust

ralia

Lithu

ania

Port

ugal

Israe

lSw

itzer

land

Gree

ceCh

ileSo

uth

Kore

aLa

tvia

Mex

ico

%

Public Out-of Pocket Other Private

9

20

3541

51

6776

92103

121 126

141

166176

185

1317

3441

5663

5665 63

71 7480

92101 102

0

50

100

150

200

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

%

Non-Interest Expenditures Public Health Expenditures

Figure 11.17. International Comparison of Distribution of Current Health Expenditure by Financing Type, 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belong to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Some countries’ total does not give 100% due to having some other financing types. Figure 11.18. Rates of Increase of Non-Interest Expenditures and Public Health Expenditures by Years, (%)

Source: Public Health Expenditure; 2003-2018 TURKSTAT, Non-Interest Expenditures; Presidency of Turkey, Directorate of Strategy and Budgeting Note: Rates of increase were calculated based on the year 2003.

85 85 84 84 84 84 84 83 82 82 82 80 79 79 77 77 75 75 74 74 74 73 72 71 70 69 69 69 67 66 64 64 61 60 59 5752

14 11 13 13 11 14 159 15 16

11 19 16 14 17 18 20 2419 23 21

12 1224

1523 27

1832 28

2229 35 34 34 42

41

0 4 3 3 4 2 17 3 2

71 5 8 5 5 5 2 7 3 6

14 156

158 4

131 6

127 4 7 7

17

0

25

50

75

100

Norw

ayUn

ited

Stat

esGe

rman

yJa

pan

Luxe

mbo

urg

Denm

ark

Swed

enFr

ance

Czec

h Re

publ

icIc

elan

dNe

ther

land

sSl

ovak

iaUn

ited

King

dom

New

Zel

and

Turk

eyBe

lgiu

mFi

nlan

dEs

toni

aAu

stria

Italy

OECD

Irela

ndSl

oven

iaSp

ain

Cana

daPo

land

Hung

ary

Aust

ralia

Lithu

ania

Port

ugal

Israe

lSw

itzer

land

Gree

ceCh

ileSo

uth

Kore

aLa

tvia

Mex

ico

%

Public Out-of Pocket Other Private

9

20

3541

51

6776

92103

121 126

141

166176

185

1317

3441

5663

5665 63

71 7480

92101 102

0

50

100

150

200

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

%

Non-Interest Expenditures Public Health Expenditures

268



Figure 11.19. International Comparison of Ratio of Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure in Household Final Consumption Expenditure, 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Figure 11.20. Catastrophic Health Expenditure by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT, Household Budget Survey

6,86

5,73

5,05

4,22

3,83

3,82

3,78

3,70

3,65

3,63

3,62

3,59

3,46

3,44

3,39

3,35

3,18

3,07

3,04

2,98

2,86

2,85

2,85

2,82

2,81

2,60

2,58

2,57

2,57

2,47

2,28

2,21

2,20

2,02

1,82

1,72

1,20

0

2

4

6

8Sw

itzer

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Chile

Latv

iaGr

eece

Aust

riaSw

eden

Norw

ayBe

lgiu

mHu

ngar

yFi

nlan

dPo

rtug

alSp

ain

Mex

ico Italy

Lithu

ania

OECD

Israe

lDe

nmar

kEs

toni

aCa

nada

Germ

any

Aust

ralia

Unite

d St

ates

Irela

ndIc

elan

dJa

pan

Pola

ndNe

ther

land

sUn

ited

King

dom

Slov

akia

Czec

h Re

publ

icNe

w Z

elan

dFr

ance

Slov

enia

Luxe

mbo

urg

Turk

ey

%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Ratio of Poor Households 4,07 4,51 4,16 3,60 3,26 2,72 2,77 2,62 1,78 1,01 1,29 1,20 1,18 1,33 0,96 0,99 0,85 Ratio of Households Who Do

CatastrophicHealth Expenditure

0,81 0,75 0,84 0,64 0,59 0,68 0,36 0,48 0,37 0,17 0,14 0,22 0,31 0,30 0,29 0,32 0,36

Ratio of ImpoverishedHouseholds Due to Health

Expenditure0,43 0,25 0,28 0,23 0,34 0,19 0,17 0,22 0,15 0,15 0,07 0,15 0,12 0,13 0,10 0,12 0,06

0

1

2

3

4

5%

Figure 11.19. International Comparison of Ratio of Out-of-Pocket Current Health Expenditure in Household Final Consumption Expenditure, 2017

Source: TURKSTAT, OECD Health Data 2019 Note: Turkey's data belongs to the year 2018. Countries’ data belong to the year 2017 or nearest. Figure 11.20. Catastrophic Health Expenditure by Years, (%)

Source: TURKSTAT, Household Budget Survey

6,86

5,73

5,05

4,22

3,83

3,82

3,78

3,70

3,65

3,63

3,62

3,59

3,46

3,44

3,39

3,35

3,18

3,07

3,04

2,98

2,86

2,85

2,85

2,82

2,81

2,60

2,58

2,57

2,57

2,47

2,28

2,21

2,20

2,02

1,82

1,72

1,20

0

2

4

6

8Sw

itzer

land

Sout

h Ko

rea

Chile

Latv

iaGr

eece

Aust

riaSw

eden

Norw

ayBe

lgiu

mHu

ngar

yFi

nlan

dPo

rtug

alSp

ain

Mex

ico Italy

Lithu

ania

OECD

Israe

lDe

nmar

kEs

toni

aCa

nada

Germ

any

Aust

ralia

Unite

d St

ates

Irela

ndIc

elan

dJa

pan

Pola

ndNe

ther

land

sUn

ited

King

dom

Slov

akia

Czec

h Re

publ

icNe

w Z

elan

dFr

ance

Slov

enia

Luxe

mbo

urg

Turk

ey

%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Ratio of Poor Households 4,07 4,51 4,16 3,60 3,26 2,72 2,77 2,62 1,78 1,01 1,29 1,20 1,18 1,33 0,96 0,99 0,85 Ratio of Households Who Do

CatastrophicHealth Expenditure

0,81 0,75 0,84 0,64 0,59 0,68 0,36 0,48 0,37 0,17 0,14 0,22 0,31 0,30 0,29 0,32 0,36

Ratio of ImpoverishedHouseholds Due to Health

Expenditure0,43 0,25 0,28 0,23 0,34 0,19 0,17 0,22 0,15 0,15 0,07 0,15 0,12 0,13 0,10 0,12 0,06

0

1

2

3

4

5%

269


Healt

h Eco

nom

icsan

d Fina

ncing



Tables and graphs on health expenditures were calculated by TURKSTAT according to the OECD System of Health Accounts.

While the expenditure figures were being converted into real figures, CPI 12-month average change rate released by the TURKSTAT was used.

Total Health Expenditure: All expenditures made for prevention, improvement, care, nutrition and emergency programs designed to promote and prevent health status are defined as “Health Expenditures”. Total Health Expenditure is the sum of Current Health Expenditure and Investment Expenditure.

Current Health Expenditure: It is calculated by subtracting Investment Expenditure from Total Health Expenditure.

Catastrophic Health Expenditure: Households with rate of health expenditure to payment capacity is greater than 40% are described as “households with catastrophic health expenditures".



Year Mid-year

Population (in thousand)

US $ PPP US $ CPI

2002 66.003 1,521 0,591 4,550

2003 66.795 1,492 0,737 3,631

2004 67.599 1,432 0,793 3,344

2005 68.435 1,348 0,835 3,091

2006 69.295 1,441 0,843 2,820

2007 70.158 1,300 0,852 2,593

2008 71.052 1,281 0,880 2,348

2009 72.039 1,545 0,904 2,210

2010 73.142 1,502 0,920 2,035

2011 74.224 1,677 0,966 1,912

2012 75.176 1,802 1,020 1,756

2013 76.148 1,904 1,070 1,633

2014 77.182 2,187 1,105 1,500

2015 78.218 2,713 1,162 1,393

2016 79.278 3,024 1,250 1,293

2017 80.313 3,648 1,374 1,163

2018 81.407 4,720 1,612 1

Source: TURKSTAT

HEALTH STATISCTICS YEARBOOK 2018±ll... · Eskişehir Central AnatoliaKocaeli Kırıkkale Subregion...

Documents

Transcript of HEALTH STATISCTICS YEARBOOK 2018±ll... · Eskişehir Central AnatoliaKocaeli Kırıkkale Subregion...