Los verbos reflexivos

• conocerse bien / mal

• contarse (o-->ue) chismes

• contarse secretos

• Animarse

• dedicarse a

• desanimarse

• Entusiasmarse

• ponerse nervioso(a)

• sentirse (e-->ie, i) frustrado(a)

• Apoyarse

• Ayudarse

• Caer(le) bien/mal

• llevarse bien / mal

• Odiarse

• pelearse

• Perdonarse

• Quejarse

• Saludarse

• telefonearse

In Spanish, we use reflexive verbs when we want to say someone does something to, at, or for oneself. The reflexive verbs in Spanish require a reflexive pronoun that will refer to the person doing the action.The idea of reflexives in English:

I do to, at, for me/myself We do to, at, for ourselves

You do to, at, for you / yourself

x

He she you (f) does to, at, for himself/herself/yourself (f)

They do/all of you do to, at, for themselves/all of yourselves

The reflexive pronouns:me nos

te x

se se

Note: LE and LES are not reflexive! Those are used when you are doing /giving something to someone ELSE

• Andrés se lastimó. = Andrés hurt himself. • Me desperté a las siete y media. = I woke up at

seven thirty.• *With reflexive verbs, there are two things that

always match: What is the rule?• *The ________________ and the verb

_____________ always match.

• Put the reflexive pronoun BEFORE the conjugated verb:

¿Cuándo se levantó Marcos? = When did Marcos get up?• Put the reflexive pronoun AFTER the infinitive

(attached).No debes preocuparte. = You shouldn’t worry.

• IF you have 2 verbs, you have 2 ways to say a sentence using a reflexive pronoun!

• Before the conjugated verb OR• Attached to the infinitive

• -If you want to sound more like a native speaker, you can put the reflexive pronoun before the conjugated verb if there is an infinitive later in the sentence:

• Por ejemplo: • No te debes preocupar. = You shouldn’t worry (yourself).• ¿Cuándo se va a bañar? = When is she going to bathe (herself)?

1. Tú / bañarse a las ocho _________________________________

2. Pedro y Manuel / compartirse mucho______________________________3.Lola y yo / ir a saludarse __________________________

4. Sara dedicated herself to her studies _____________________________5. I am excited at the start of class ________________________________6. You want to apologize to your best friend _______________________________________

Nonreflexively:

Reflexive: Me desperté a las diez hoy. = I woke up at ten today.Nonreflexive: Le desperté a mi hermanito a las diez hoy. = I woke up my little brother at ten today.

1. She gets dressed every __________________________________________2. Benjamín washed his face. _____________________________________3. Isabel dried her hair. (secarse)__________________________________4. Paco got really bored. ________________________________________

5. Andrea has sat on the chair. ___________________________________6. Máximo bathed the cat yesterday. ____________________________7. Liliana has complained a lot. ________________________________

12. The students had opposed the idea. ___________________________________13. We had washed our hair at our grandparents’ house. ______________________________________________________________________

Reflexives for “each other / one another”

• In Spanish, we can also use reflexive verbs to express the idea of “each other” or “one another.”

• *English fact: • “each other” can only refer to two people =You

and I help each other.• “one another” refers to three or more =

The students in the class share with one another.

• Kike y yo nos conocemos muy bien. = Kike and I know each other very well.• Mis hermanitos se pelean mucho. = My little brothers fight with each other a lot.• Los amigos deben ayudarse. = Friends should help one another.

• *With reflexive verbs used reciprocally, you will always have a plural ending, because you are referring to more than one person. (each other/ one another).

Examples: Saludarse• Mauricio y Mariana se saludaron. = Mauricio and Mariana said hello.

(The “to each other” is implied but not stated)Mauricio y Mariana se saludaron el uno a la otra (Mauricio and Mariana said hello to each other. Directly, “el uno a la otra” means “he to her,” or “the one to the other”

1. Catalina y Margarita /perdonarse ______________________________________ 2. Roberto / quejarse ______________________________ 3. Raquel y Ana / llevarse bien _____________________________

4. Liliana y Benjamín / pelearse mucho ________________________________

5. The friends forgave each other at the end of the movie.______________________________________________________________________6. Manuel and Pedro secretly hate each other (en secreto).______________________________________________________________________7. Melía and Carmía greet each other. ________________________________________________________________________

8. A happy family supports (one another)._______________________________________________________________9. Liliana and Pedro phone each other often / frequently. _________________________________________________________________10. Lola and Sarita tell one another gossip every day. ______________________________________________________

11. Karlita and Selena get along well. _______________________________________________________12. Sofía and Eva help each other. _________________________________________________________

1. Britney Spears has to fix her hair (peinarse)._______________________________________________________________2. Lil Wayne regrets having a gun. (arrepentirse, e ie)_______________________________________________________________3. I brush my teeth every day.________________________________________________________________

4. You wash your hands with soap before eating.__________________________________________________________________5. We wake up at the same time! Have you stretched yet?_______________________________________________________________________________________6. Ismael washes the dog. ____________________________________________________________

7. The student got bored from being at school. He left. (irse) __________________________________________________________8.I wake up the baby in order to play with her._________________________________________________________________9.The students and I wanted to relax today. ______________________________________________ OR ______________________________________________________

A personal:

• We visit our grandparents. Visitamos _______________________________

• I really love my friends. Quiero mucho _______________________________• Selena gave her parents a gift. Selena _______________________________

Se impersonal:

• In Spanish, we can use the pronoun “se” in order to avoid specifying the person who is doing the action of the verb.

• • For example: • Se vende casa = House for sale.• Se aquila apartamento = Apartment for rent.

• In these expressions, you are indicating that SOMEONE is selling a house or renting an apartment, but that you either don’t know who the person is or you are choosing not to identify him or her.

• The Spanish reflexives can be used for both of these cases.

• When you use se, the verb is always in the third person. It could be either the he/she form or the they form.

• ~If the noun that follows the verb is singular, the verb is in the él/ella/usted form:

• Aquí se habla español = Spanish is spoken here.• A. How would you say, Guitar for sale =

___________________________• How do you (does one) turn off the vacuum

cleaner? = _____________________________________________

• ~If the noun that follows the verb is plural, you use the ellos/ellas/ustedes form of the verb.

• Aquí se reparan carros = Cars are repaired here.

• B. How would you say, Books for sale = ___________________________

• You can use this construction with se in all tenses.• For example: • Se hizo mucho = A lot was done. (a type of

passive voice)• Se había hecho mucho = A lot has been done.• Se hará mucho = A lot will be done.• How would you say, “Strange things (cosas raras)

were said = _________________________________

1. The taxes (los impuestos) are paid on Mondays. ____________________________________________________________

2. How does one say “ice cream?” in English? _________________________________________________________________

3. They serve spicy food at this Mexican restaurant. (Spicy food is served)

__________________________________________________________4.Credit cards (tarjetas de crédito) are not accepted here.__________________________________________