Manual de Ingles 4

UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE TEHUACÁN TSU MECATRÓNICA MODALIDAD MIXTA

MANUAL DE ASIGNATURA

Asignatura: Inglés 2 Revisión: 0

Cuatrimestre: Segundo Plan de estudios: 2009 Página 1 de 55

2015

Universidad Tecnológica

de Tehuacán

INGLÉS 4

UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE TEHUACÁN MANUAL DE ASIGNATURA TSU

Asignatura: Inglés IV Revisión: 0

Cuatrimestre: Cuarto Plan de estudios: C.G.U.T. y P.

Septiembre 2014 Página 2 de 55

INDICE

INTRODUCCIÓN...................................................................................................................................... 3

1.1 COMPETENCIAS: ..................................................................................................................... 3

1.2 OBJETIVO DE APRENDIZAJE: ................................................................................................ 3

UNIDAD I : COMPARATIVOS, SUPERLATIVOS ................................................................................... 4

1.1. Comparativos de igualdad y superioridad .................................................................................... 4

1.2. Superlativos .................................................................................................................................. 7

UNIDAD 2: PRESENTE PERFECTO .................................................................................................... 21

2.1 Experiencias ................................................................................................................................. 21

2.1.1 Pasado participio de verbos regulares ........................................................................... 21

2.1.2 Pasado participio de verbos irregulares .................................................................................. 22

2.1.3 Estructura gramatical del presente perfecto ............................................................................ 27

2.1.3.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. .............................................................. 27

Use of Present Perfect ................................................................................................................ 28

2.1.4 “since”, “for” ............................................................................................................................... 29

2.2 Have you ever…? ........................................................................................................................ 30

2.2.1 Adverbios de frecuencia: “already”, “just”, “ever”, “always”, “yet”, “never” ............... 30

2.3 Presente Perfecto vs Pasado Simple .......................................................................................... 32

2.3.1 Uso del pasado simple en relación al presente perfecto. ........................................... 32

2.3.2 Función de “used to” ................................................................................................................. 32

2.3.2.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. .............................................................. 32

FUENTES BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ................................................................................................................ 54

BIBLIOGRAFIA COMPLEMENTARIA.................................................................................................... 55





INTRODUCCIÓN

1.1 COMPETENCIAS:

Comunicar sentimientos, pensamientos, conocimientos, experiencias, ideas,

reflexiones, opiniones, a través de expresiones sencillas y de uso común, en forma

productiva y receptiva en el idioma inglés de acuerdo al nivel A2, usuario básico, del

Marco de Referencia Europeo para contribuir en el desempeño de sus funciones en

su entorno laboral, social y personal.

1.2 OBJETIVO DE APRENDIZAJE:

El alumno intercambiará información sobre experiencias vividas y su

frecuencia a partir del uso del Presente Perfecto y Pasado Simple; así como de la

comparación de lugares, personas, objetos y situaciones para relacionarse con su

entorno social y laboral inmediato.





UNIDAD I : COMPARATIVOS, SUPERLATIVOS

1.1. Comparativos de igualdad y superioridad

COMPARATIVE ADJETIVES

An adjective is a word or phrase that is used to describe a noun or pronoun.

A comparative adjective is used to make a comparison between to things. This

comparison may show equality or inequality between two things.

EQUAL COMPARISON

To show an equal comparison, you need to use an adjective between the

subordinating conjunctions “as”.

To show an equal comparison, use the form: as + adjective + as

Examples:

Julia is as tall as the book shield

Rihanna is as famous as Beyoncé

The giraffe is as tall as the tree

His father is as old as his mother

The runner moves as fast as the wind

PRACTICE #1: Now write your own sentences which show an equal comparison.

1)______________________________________________________________

2)______________________________________________________________

3)______________________________________________________________





UNEQUAL COMPARISON

To show an unequal comparison, you need to use an adjective followed by the

subordinating conjunction “than”. You may have to double the final consonant letter

for some comparative adjectives.

To show an unequal comparison using an adjective with one syllable, you must add

“er” to the ending.

An adjective that ends in a consonant, vowel, consonant - the last consonant is

doubled.

Examples

big - bigger - My house is bigger than my mother´s house.

hot - hotter - The summer is hotter than the winter.

To show an unequal comparison use the form: adjective + “er”+ than

Examples:

1. Yuri is smarter than Joe.

2. My brother is older than I am

3. Kerry is taller than you are

4. A baby is weaker than a child.

5. Hazel studies harder than Sammy

PRACTICE #2: Now complete the next exercises using the correct form of the

adjective.

1. A motorcycle runs fast

A car runs very fast________________________________________________

2. The math book is thick.

The dictionary is very thick__________________________________________





3. The green hat is small

The yellow hat is very small_________________________________________

4. Julia is smart

Peter is very smart________________________________________________

5. Paul is young

Jan is very young_________________________________________________

To show an unequal comparison using an adjective with more than one syllable that

ends in “y”, you must omit the “y” and add “ier” to the ending.

Adjective + ier + than

Example: The plane is heavier than the bird.

PRACTICE #3: Fill in the spaces with the appropriate comparative adjective.

1.. Yuki was at school __________ (early) than I was.

2.. Rice is __________ (sticky) than salad.

3.. This exercise is __________ (tricky) than the last one.

4.. My little brother is __________ (silly) than I am.

5.. This picture is __________ (pretty) than the other one.

PRACTICE #4: Write two of you own sentences which show an unequal comparison

using an adjective with more than one syllable that ends in “y”.

1) __________________________________________________________________

2) __________________________________________________________________

To show an unequal comparison using an adjective with more than one syllable that

does not end in “y”, the ending of the adjective remains unchanged and you must use

“more” or “less” before the adjective.

More/less + adjective + than

Example: The butterfly is more beautiful than the spider.





PRACTICE #5: Fill in the spaces with the appropriate comparative adjective.

1.. Her motorcycle is __________________ (dangerous) than my car.

2.. Gold is ___________________ (expensive) than silver.

3.. Butterflies are __________________ (beautiful) than snakes.

4.. The grey jacket is ___________________ (colorful) than the pink one.

5.. I am _____ ____________ (tired) now than I was this morning.

PRACTICE #6: Write two of you own sentences which show an unequal comparison

using an adjective with more than one syllable that does not end in “y”.

1) __________________________________________________________________

2) __________________________________________________________________

1.2. Superlativos

SUPERLATIVES

A superlative adjective expresses the extreme or highest degree of a quality.

We use a superlative adjective to describe the extreme quality of one thing in a group

of things. We can use superlative adjectives when talking about three or more things

(not two things).

In the example below, "biggest" is the superlative form of the adjective "big":

A B C

A is the biggest.

As with comparative adjectives, there are two ways to form a superlative adjective:

short adjectives: add "-est"

long adjectives: use "most"

We also usually add 'the' at the beginning.





SUPERLATIVES FORMATION





Ex. John is 1m75. David is 1m80. Chris is 1m85. Chris is the tallest

Canada, China and Russia are big countries. But Russia is the biggest.

Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.

If we talk about the three planets Earth, Mars and Jupiter, we can use superlative

adjectives as shown in the table below:

NOTE: When we compare one thing with itself, we do not use "the":

England is coldest in winter. (not the coldest)

My boss is most generous when we get a big order. (not the most generous)





IRREGULAR ADJETIVES

The regular way to make comparative/superlative adjectives is to add

-er/-est or to use more/most. A small number of adjectives, however, are irregular.

The most important ones are listed here:

PRACTICE #7: Listen to The True False Show. Check your answers. How much

money does Darren win? The recording is named “COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES”

The True False Show

1.- Mosquitos are more dangerous than sharks.

2.- Brown eggs are healthier than white eggs.

3.- The Earth is hotter than Mars

4.- Coffee is more popular than tea in the UK

5.- Tigers are better swimmers than house cats.

6.- An adult is shorter in the morning than in the evening.





7.- White cars are safer than yellow cars.

8.- The word “yes” is more common than the word “no”

PRACTICE #8: Read the article and complete each heading with a phrase.

The coldest The highest The hottest

_____________________________________ country in the world.

How do the people live in Mali, West Africa, where the temperature is often 50°? John

Baxter, a journalist in Mali, says, “ People get up very early and they don´t move very

much in the afternoon. Surprisingly, they wear a lot of clothes (usually cotton) as this

helps them not to get dehydrated. Houses are very hot and don´t have air-

conditioning- the best place to sleep is on the roof.

___________________________________capital city in the world.

La Paz in Bolivia is 4,090 metres obove see level. It can be difficult to breathe

because there isn´t much oxygen. Liz Tremlett, a travel agent who lives there, says

“When people arrive at El Alto airport, we sometimes need to give them oxygen” It is

also the worse place to be if you drink too much beer. The next day you feel terrible

because you get dehydrated. But La Paz is avery good place to play golf. At this

altitude, you hit a golf ball it goes farther than it does at lower altitudes!

__________________________________ places in the world.

Can you imagine living in a place which is four times colder than your freezer? This is

Yakutia in Siberia, where in the winter it is often – 50° or lower. Valeria Usimenko a

housewife says, “after a few minutes outside your nose fills with ice. It´s snows a lot

and there is a lot of ice and snow on top of the houses. The most dangerous time is

the spring-when the ice falls, it can kill people? The winter is very boring because we

can´t go out much. A lot of babies are born here in the fall!!”





PRACTICE #9: Write the comparative and superlative form of the adjetives below.





PRACTICE #10: Complete the following sentences with the correct comparative form

of the words listed below.





PRACTICE #11: Make your own comparisons using the words provided and the structure

as........as





PRACTICE #12: Complete the following sentences with the correct superlative form

of the words below.





PRACTICE #13: Write questions using the words provided and the superlative

form of the adjetives





PRACTICE #14: Make comparison of the following. Use your own ideas. Write three

sentences for each set one using the comparative structure with tan, one using

as………as, and one using the superlative.

Ex: watermelon/ grapefruit/ orange

A grapefruit is bigger than an orange

A grapefruit isn´t as big as an orange

A watermelon is the biggest fruit of the three





PRACTICE #15: Interview your classmate and complete the following chart. Then do

the exercises on the following pages. (If you have a large class break into two or

three smaller groups.) You may wish to write the questions on a separate piece of

paper befor you begin your survey.





PRACTICE #16: Using the information from the survey on the previous page, make

as many sentences as you can about your classmates. Use the comparative form of

an adjetive and the structure than or as….as.

Ex. Mary arrived at school earlier than Jane

John´s feet are not as large as Bill´s

Andrea studied longer than I dis last night





PRACTICE #17: Using the information from the survey, answer the following

questionsin complete sentences.





UNIDAD 2: PRESENTE PERFECTO

2.1 Experiencias

2.1.1 Pasado participio de verbos regulares

The past tense and past participle of regular verbs end in -ed, for example:

work, worked, worked

Here you have a short list of some of them:

V1 Base Form

V2 Past Participle

answer answered

ask asked

believe believed

call called

carry carried

check checked

clean cleaned

close closed

cook cooked

cry cried

finish finished

imagine imagined

jump jumped

like liked

listen listened

live lived

look looked

love loved

miss missed

move moved

need needed

play played

pull pulled





push pushed

remember remembered

smile smiled

start started

stop stopped

study studied

talk talked

travel traveled

use used

visit visited

walk walked

want wanted

wash washed

watch watched

work worked

2.1.2 Pasado participio de verbos irregulares

Irregular verbs are an important feature of English. We use irregular verbs a lot when

speaking, less when writing. Of course, the most famous English verb of all, the verb

"to be", is irregular.

With irregular verbs, there is no rule...

Sometimes the verb changes completely: buy bought bought

Sometimes there is "half" a change: sing sang sung

Sometimes there is no change: cut cut cut





This is a list of some irregular verbs in English. Of course, there are many others, but these are the more common irregular verbs.

V1 Base Form

V2 Past Simple

V3 Past Participle

awake awoke awoken

be was, were been

beat beat beaten

become became become

begin began begun

bend bent bent

bet bet bet

bid bid bid

bite bit bitten

blow blew blown

break broke broken

bring brought brought

broadcast broadcast broadcast

build built built

burn burned/burnt burned/burnt

buy bought bought

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

come came come





cost cost cost

cut cut cut

dig dug dug

do did done

draw drew drawn

dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt

drive drove driven

drink drank drunk

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

fly flew flown

forget forgot forgotten

forgive forgave forgiven

freeze froze frozen

get got got (sometimes gotten)

give gave given

go went gone

grow grew grown

hang hung hung

have had had





hear heard heard

hide hid hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

know knew known

lay laid laid

lead led led

learn learned/learnt learned/learnt

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

pay paid paid

put put put

read read read

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung





rise rose risen

run ran run

say said said

see saw seen

sell sold sold

send sent sent

show showed showed/shown

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sit sat sat

sleep slept slept

speak spoke spoken

spend spent spent

stand stood stood

swim swam swum

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

think thought thought

throw threw thrown

understand understood understood

wake woke woken





wear wore worn

win won won

write wrote written

2.1.3 Estructura gramatical del presente perfecto

2.1.3.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.

The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still going on or that

stopped recently, but has an influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.

This tense is formed with a present tense form of “ to have” plus the past participle of

the verb (which can be either regular or irregular form):

Aliens have visited us

Subject + have / has + verb in past participle + complement

Aliens have not visited us

Subject + have / has + not + verb in past participle + complement

Have aliens visited us? Yes, they have / No, they haven´t

have / has + subject + verb in past participle + complement?

Why have aliens visited us? We still don’t know

Wh + have / has + subject + verb in past participle + complement?





The auxiliary verb “have” can be contracted in affirmative sentences with the

subject or the subject pronoun. (See table of contracted forms)

In negative sentences, the contraction is made with the auxiliary have/ has + not =

haven´t / hasn´t

Contracted form

I have = I’ve

You have = You´ve

He has = He´s

She has = She´s

It has= It´s

We have = We´ve

They have = They´ve

Use of Present Perfect

puts emphasis on the result

Example: She has written five letters.

action that is still going on

Example: School has not started yet.

action that stopped recently

Example: She has cooked dinner.

finished action that has an influence on the present

Example: I have lost my key.





action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of

speaking

Example: I have never been to Australia.

2.1.4 “since”, “for”

We use the FOR when talking about the length of time (duration), and when we

use it with the present perfect tense it means how long something lasts.

Period of time: for six years, for a week, for a month, for hours, for ten minutes, etc.

Examples:

Tom has been my friend for a very long time.

I have worked here for five years.

She has lived in this house for twenty years.

They have been married for six months.

When talking about a starting point, we use the present perfect tense with the

word since.

A point in time: since this morning, since last week, since yesterday, since I was 12,

since Friday, since 6 o´clock, since Christmas, since my childhood.

Examples:

I have had lots of interesting experiences since I was at high school.

I have lived here since 1998.

Ricardo and Monica have been married since March.

We have been at this school since last year.





2.2 Have you ever…?

2.2.1 Adverbios de frecuencia: “already”, “just”, “ever”, “always”, “yet”,

“never”

Sometimes it is important to say that something happened (or didn´t

happened), but it’s not important (or not known) when it happened. In this case, we

can use the present perfect tense.

Examples:

I´ve already been to Acapulco (it doesn´t matter when I went)

Have you ever been to Acapulco? (It doesn´t matter when you went. I just want to

know if you have been there or not).

In this case, we often use the words already, just, always, yet, ever or never

along with the present perfect. These words usually go before the past participle in

the sentence.

Examples:

My mom has already cooked dinner.

I haven’t done my homework yet

Have you ever traveled to Spain?

They have never eaten spicy food

Ann has just finished her duties

I have always visited this place every year.

The word “already” can be placed before the main verb or at the end of the

sentence:

I have already heard the story five times.

Most people have left already.

Have you already called John?

Has John arrived already?





The word “yet” is used in negative statements and questions when we are

expecting something to happen and goes at the end of the sentence:

Have you bought a car yet?

I haven´t met her yet.

Has the movie started yet?

The men haven´t arrived yet.

When translating the sentences in Spanish with the word “ever”, this one is not

translated, and when used in questions it means we are asking if the action occurred

anytime in the life or existence of the person.

Have you ever been to Canada?

Has she ever met someone famous?

Haven´t they ever been to Canada?

“Ever” is also used with the “first time”…

It´s the first time I have ever eaten Thai food.

This is the first time I´ve ever been to Italy.





2.3 Presente Perfecto vs Pasado Simple

2.3.1 Uso del pasado simple en relación al presente perfecto.

We use the simple past tense to talk about actions that were or were not

completed at some point in the past. The action is over before mentioning it in the

simple present tense.

Alice walked to school yesterday.

Tom won the competition.

My brother didn´t go to Chiapas last year.

Did you do your homework?

Where did you travel on your last vacation?

And as it was mentioned before, the present perfect simple expresses an

action that is still going on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on the

present. It puts emphasis on the result.

2.3.2 Función de “used to”

2.3.2.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.

The expression used to is commonly used when talking about past habits. It

means “something was true in the past, but it is not true anymore”. For example:

I used to live in Veracruz, but I don´t anymore. Now I live in Mexico City.

Tom used to ride a bicycle to school, but he doesn´t anymore. Now he drives

a car.

We used to be married, but we aren´t anymore. We are divorced.





Do not use it for actions or states that happened only once. The adverbs of

frequency and other time expressions with used to emphasize the repeated actions

or states. For example:

They often used to go to the movies with us.

My math teacher used to be unfriendly. She never smiled.

People didn´t use to have cell phones in the early 80’s.

In the following charts you can see how to structure this form:

Affirmative statements

Subject Used to Base form of the verb Complement

I

used to

eat

sandwiches for lunch at school.

You

He

She

It

We

They

Negative statements

Subject did + not Use to Base form of the verb Complement

I did not / didn´t

use to

play

with baseball at school.

You

He

She

It

We

They





Interrogative statements

Wh- words

did Subject Use to Base form of the verb

Complement

Why

did

I use to

work

in this company?

You

He

She

It

We

They

In the interrogative forms we can also make yes/no questions, that is by

omitting the wh- word. For example:

A: Did you use to go out with my sister?

B: Yes, I did / No, I didn´t

A: Did they use to own this company?

B: Yes, they did / No, they didn´t

A: Didn´t we use to go to the same school?

B: Yes, we did / No, we didn´t





Unidad II : Presente Perfecto

Exercises

Practice # 1: Fill in the chart with the missing forms of the verbs

Base Form

Past

Participle

studied

be

worked

carry

begin

cry

bet

finished

listen

blow

break

bring

jumped

built

burn

buy

catch

choose

come

cost

cut

lived

do

draw





dream

drive

drink

eat

needed

feel

fought

find

fly

forgotten

forgive

frozen

get sometimes

gotten)

give

go

grown

stop

have

use

hidden

hit

travel

hurt

keep

know

washed

work

learn

leave

visit lent

let smiled





lie lain

lose lost

make made

start meant

meet met

pay paid

put put

read read

ride ridden

ring rung

rise moved

run run

say said

see seen

sell sold

send sent

show showed/shown

shut played

sing sung

sit sat

sleep slept

speak spoken

spend spent

stand stood

swim swum

take taken

teach taught

tear loved

tell told

think thought

throw thrown

understand understood





wake liked

wear worn

win won

write written

Practice # 2: Fill the gaps with “have” or “has”. After it, write its translation below.

1. I ______________ answered the question.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

2. She ___________ opened the window.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

3. They __________ called us.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

4. You ___________ carried a box.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

5. It ___________ rained a lot.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

6. We _________ washed the car.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

7. He _________ closed the door.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

8. Jenny ___________ locked the door.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

9. The girls _________ visited the museum.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________

10. Tom and Sophie _________ helped in the garden.

Spanish: ___________________________________________________





Practice # 3: The following people have just completed an action. Write positive sentences

in present perfect simple.

1. Bob / visit / his grandma

___________________________________________________________________

2. Jimmy / play/ on the computer

___________________________________________________________________

3. Sue and Walter / wash / their car

___________________________________________________________________

4. Andrew / repair / his bike

___________________________________________________________________

5. Phil / help / Anne with maths

___________________________________________________________________

6. Brad and Louise / watch / a film

___________________________________________________________________

7. You / draw / a picture

___________________________________________________________________

8. Carol / read / a computer magazine

___________________________________________________________________

9. Tom and Alice / be / to a restaurant

___________________________________________________________________

10. I / eat / fish

___________________________________________________________________





PRACTICE # 4: Write negative sentences in present perfect simple according to the

following situation: the weather was wonderful today, so the children were in the park all

afternoon.

1. Sarah / not / wash the dishes

___________________________________________________________________

2. Anita / not / clean the kitchen

___________________________________________________________________

3. Maureen and Gavin / not / water the plants

___________________________________________________________________

4. Joey / not / make his bed

___________________________________________________________________

5. David / not / buy milk

___________________________________________________________________

6. Lisa / not / be to the baker’s

___________________________________________________________________

7. Aran and Jack / not / do their homework

___________________________________________________________________

8. David / not / drink his milk

___________________________________________________________________

9. Alex / not / feed the hamster

___________________________________________________________________

10. Hazel / not / empty the bin

___________________________________________________________________





PRACTICE # 5: Write questions in present perfect simple

1. you / answer / the question

________________________________________________________________

2. Jenny / lock / the door

________________________________________________________________

3. Walter / call / us

________________________________________________________________

4. you / see / the picture

________________________________________________________________

5. your parents / get / the letter

________________________________________________________________

6. it / rain / a lot

________________________________________________________________

7. how often / we / sing / the song

________________________________________________________________

8. Maureen/ watch / the film

________________________________________________________________

9. how many books / Bob / read

________________________________________________________________

10. ever / you / be / to London

________________________________________________________________





PRACTICE # 6: Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.

1. I have been in the garden

___________________________________________________________________

2. My sister has cooked dinner

___________________________________________________________________

3. Sue has read the book twice

___________________________________________________________________

4. My computer has crashed

___________________________________________________________________

5. Jeane has been on holiday for eight days

___________________________________________________________________

6. Fred has done his homework

___________________________________________________________________

7. Gavin has stopped at the corner

___________________________________________________________________

8. Sara has bought five books

___________________________________________________________________

9. Jason has talked to his teacher

___________________________________________________________________

10. Catherine has cleaned the house because she is having a party tonight.

___________________________________________________________________





PRACTICE # 7: Choose the grammatically correct sentence.

1A. Has he given you his phone number?

1B. Has given he you his phone number?

2A. I hasn’t finished the book yet.

2B. I haven’t finished the book yet.

3A. I’ve never seen this movie before.

3B. I’ve never saw this movie before.

4A. Have you lose you notebook?

4B. Have you lost your notebook?

5A. I been to this city three times before.

5B. I’ve been to this city three times before.

6A. I’ve ever read anything so boring.

6B. I’ve never read anything so boring.

7A. Have you meet his cousin?

7B. Have you met his cousin?

8A. I’ve written a lot of emails.

8B. I’ve wrote a lot of emails.





PRACTICE # 8: Choose a verb to complete these sentences in the present perfect simple

form.

hear take win be lose

1. This is the first time I__________ part in a photography competition.

2. Do you know who __________ today’s tennis match?

3. You__________ your keys at least five times since I’ve known you!

4. I think we__________ to the cinema three times so far this year.

5. I__________ this song lots of times before, but I’m not sure who the singer is.

PRACTICE # 9: Choose the better verb form, past simple or present perfect to complete

these sentences.

6. I wrote / I’ve written five emails so far this morning and it’s only eleven o’clock.

7. In the last few months I didn’t watch / haven’t watched much television.

8. Last year Sam took part / has taken part in three races.

9. I found / I’ve found three mistakes in this essay so far and I’m only on the first page.

10. Did you hear that the Russian athlete broke / has broken the world record last month?

PRACTICE # 10: Write five things that you have already done in your life.

Example: I have already driven a car

1. ___________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________





PRACTICE # 11: Write five things that you haven´t done yet, but may don in the future.

Example: I haven´t touched a dolphin yet.

1. ___________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE # 12: Write five things that you have never done, and probably won´t do in the

immediate future.

Example: I have never jumped with a parachute from a plane.

1. ___________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE # 13: Answer the following questions and give a reason for each short answer.

Example: Have you ever eaten unusual food? Yes, I have. I like to try new flavors.

1. Have you ever ridden a horse?

___________________________________________________________________

2. Have you ever seen a famous person?

___________________________________________________________________

3. Have you ever played the piano?

___________________________________________________________________

4. Have you ever gone abroad?

___________________________________________________________________

5. Have you ever played golf?

___________________________________________________________________





PRACTICE # 14: Fill in with “since” or “for”.

1. _________ Easter.

2. _________ last summer.

3. _________ April 1st.

4. _________ ten years.

5. _________ 1919.

6. _________ as long as I remember.

7. _________ my childhood.

8. _________ a few minutes.

9. _________ I was young.

10. _________ two weeks.

11. _________ my birthday.

12. _________ five days.

PRACTICE # 15: Listen and complete the question, then check YES or NO to

answer each question. Listen to the recording named “Present Perfect”

1. Has the woman _________ to Egypt twice before? YES NO 2. Has she _________ pictures of the Great Pyramids? YES NO 3. _______ the man been to Tokyo and Osaka? YES NO 4. Has he ________ sightseeing in Kyoto yet? YES NO 5. Has the woman _________ “Ceviche”? YES NO 6. _______ the man climbed the pyramid of the Sun yet? YES NO 7. Has the woman _________ to Beijing before? YES NO 8. ______ she taken the tour of the forbidden city yet? YES NO

PRACTICE # 16: Put these sentences into the correct order.

1. an place I’ve been never interesting such to

___________________________________________________________________

2. ever the I’ve read book It’s best

___________________________________________________________________

3. life my so angry I’ve felt in never

__________________________________________________________________

4. beautiful met woman ever Have you a more ?





__________________________________________________________________

5. at stayed ever I’ve It’s hotel the worst

__________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE # 16: Complete the sentences about the Grand Canyon. Use simple past or

present perfect.

The Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular natural features on earth. It is

listed as one of the Seven Natural Wonders and became a United States national park in

1919. The park covers an area of nearly 5,000 km².

Carved by the Colorado River, the Grand Canyon slices deep into the Colorado

Plateau and forms one of the most scenic landscapes in the world. Up to 1963, when the

Glen Canyon Dam was built, the Colorado river moved 143 million tons of stones each

year.

1. My friends (visit) __________________ the Grand Canyon National Park last year.

2. I (be / never) _____________________ to the Grand Canyon National Park.

3. But I (see) _______________________ lots of wonderful pictures.

4. And yesterday I (buy) ______________________ a book about the Grand Canyon.

5. I (read) __________________________ 30 pages already. It's really interesting.

PRACTICE # 17: Using the words in parentheses choose the best tense to complete the

sentences: simple past or present perfect.

1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?"

B: I don't know. I (see, never) __________________________ that movie.

2. Sam (arrive) __________________ in San Diego a week ago.

3. My best friend and I (know) _________________________ each other for over fifteen

years. We still get together once a week.





4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) ________________________ ten very creative

short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway.

5. I (have, not) __________________ this much fun since I (be) ________________ a kid.

6. Things (change) ______________________ a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first

(start) ____________________ working here three years ago, the company (have, only)

__________________ six employees. Since then, we (expand) ________________ to

include more than 2000 full-time workers.

7. I (tell) _____________________ him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he

(wander) ____________________ off into the forest and (be) ______________ bitten by a

snake.

8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) ___________________ the bus this morning.

You (be) ____________________ late to work too many times. You are fired!

9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never)

____________________ the ocean. He should come with us to Miami.

10. How sad! George (dream) _____________________ of going to California before he

died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never) _______________________ the ocean.

11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) ________________________ much

easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it (take)___________________ two or

three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _______________

very rough and often dangerous. Things (change) _____________________ a great deal

in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a

matter of hours.





12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _____________________ since the last

time I (see) _________________ you. You (grow) __________________ at least a foot!

13. This tree (be) __________________ planted by the settlers who (found)

______________ our city over four hundred years ago.

14. This mountain (be, never) ______________________ climbed by anyone. Several

mountaineers (try) ___________________ to reach the top, but nobody (succeed, ever)

__________________. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die)

_________________ trying to reach the summit.

15. I (visit, never) ____________________ Africa, but I (travel) ________________ to

South America several times. The last time I (go) _______________ to South America, I

(visit) _________________ Brazil and Peru. I (spend) __________________ two weeks in

the Amazon, (hike) ___________________ for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly)

____________________ over the Nazca Lines.

PRACTICE # 18: Read this text about the old colonel. Then use the answer prompts to

write questions using either the present perfect or the past simple.

I think I have had a very interesting life. I'm 73 now and I don't work anymore. I was

in the army for 51 years. I retired when I was 69. I have been to so many countries that I

can't remember all of them. I've been to Australia six or seven times and to South Africa

three times. I have also been once to Russia but I didn't like it at all: much too cold for me!

They say that love is the greatest thing and I agree. I've been married four times but

never for more than five years. I don't think women really understand me!





I've never been on television, but I've been on the radio once. It was a programme about

life in the military about twenty years ago. I met the Prime Minister on the same day.

Actually, I've met a lot of famous people: members of the royal family, famous politicians

and also famous cinema and television personalities. I've never met the American

President though which is a pity.

Because I've travelled a lot, I've seen a lot of wonderful things and have also eaten

and drank some strange foods and drinks. I ate cat and rat in India and drank something

called Mirto on a little island in Italy many years ago.

1. What job ______________________________ before retiring?

He worked in the army.

2. __________________________ he in the army?

For 51 years.

3. How many ___________________ been to Australia?

Six or seven times.

4. ___________________ like Russia?

No, it was too cold.

5. __________________ married so many times?

Because women don't understand him.

6. Has he ever __________________________ ?

Yes, he has. But never on TV.

7. When ____________________ the prime minister?

When he was on the radio.

8. Has ________________________ American president?

No, he hasn't but he wants to.

9. Where __________________ cat and rat?

In India.





10. ______________________ drunk Mirto?

Yes, he has. In Italy.

PRACTICE # 19: Make an affirmative sentence, negative sentence or question using ‘used

to + infinitive.

1) I / live in a flat when I was a child.

________________________________________________________________________

2) We / go to the beach every summer?

________________________________________________________________________

3) She / love eating chocolate, but now she hates it

________________________________________________________________________

4) He / not / smoke

________________________________________________________________________

5) I / play tennis when I was at school

________________________________________________________________________

6) She / be able to speak French, but she has forgotten it all

________________________________________________________________________

7) He / play golf every weekend?

________________________________________________________________________

8) They both / have short hair

________________________________________________________________________

9) Julie / study Portuguese

________________________________________________________________________

10) I / not / hate school





PRACTICE # 20: Read and answer what Molly Hornby used to do when she was young.

Are the sentences RIGHT or WRONG?

Molly Hornby was a young girl in the 1960s. Read what she says about it.

I was a young girl in the 1960s. My friends and I used to do a lot of things which shocked

our parents. We used to do things our mothers never did. We cut our hair, we wore short

skirts, we smoked, and went dancing. We danced to the music of Elvis Presley and the

Beatles. We also got the chance to see the Beatles live at a concert once. It was amazing.

My father went fishing once a week. He always wished that I would accompany him, but

fishing was not my cup of tea. Instead my friends and I went for picnics in the surrounding

area quite often. My boyfriend had a car, a 1960 Ford Falcon, so he always picked us up

and we often drove to Brighton. We went to the movies twice a week and I loved to watch

films with Marlon Brando and Elizabeth Taylor , especially the ‘Reflections in a Golden Eye’

starring both of them. I still love to watch this film. It’s my favorite. I can remember it all so

clearly.”

Molly Hornby …

…used to do a lot of things which shocked her parents. _________________

…used to wear long dresses. _________________

…used to drink alcohol. _________________

…used to sing Elvis Presley songs. _________________

…used to drink a lot of tea. _________________

…used to go fishing with her father. _________________

…used to go for picnics in the surrounding area quite often. _________________

…used to drive to Brighton with her friends and boyfriend. _________________





…used to go to the movies twice a week. _________________

…used to watch films with Marlon Brando and Elizabeth Taylor. _________________

PRACTICE # 21: Write at least five things you used to do in your childhood. Then work

with a partner and talk about your answers. Write your partner’s answers in the space

below.

Your answers:

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Your partner’s answers:

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________





FUENTES BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

Autor Año Título del Documento Ciudad País Editorial

Bety S. Azar Basic English Grammar Longman

Joan Saslow y

Allen Asher

(2011) Top Notch 2 New York U.S. Pearson

Longman

Mickey Rogers,

Joanne Taylore-

Knowles, Steve

Taylore-

Knowles

(2010) Open Mind 1 Bangkok Thailand Macmillan

PÁGINAS WEB

http://www.englishpage.com/

http://www.learnenglish.de/

http://www.myenglishpages.com/

http://www.aprende-gratis.com/ingles/

http://www.esl-lounge.com/

http://www.english-the-easy-way.com

http://www.eflnet.com

http://www.englishpage.com/

http://www.learnenglish.de/

http://www.myenglishpages.com/

http://www.aprende-gratis.com/ingles/

http://www.esl-lounge.com/





BIBLIOGRAFIA COMPLEMENTARIA

Autor Año Título del Documento Ciudad País Editorial

Brewster, S.,

Davis, P. &

Rogers, M.

(2006) Sky High 2 Bangkok Thailand Macmillan

Fuscoe, K.,

Garcide, B. &

Prodromou,

Luke

(2006) Attitude 2 D.F. México Macmillan

Richards, Jack

C.; Hull,

Jonathan &

Proctor,

Susan.

(2006) Interchange 2 3rd.

Edition

New York USA Cambridge

Maggs, P.,

Smith, C.,

Kay, S., Jones

V.

(2008) New American Inside

Out Elementary

Bangkok Thailand Macmillan

Stempleski,

Susan

(2005) World Link 2 Boston USA Thomson-Heinle

Adelson-

Goldstein, J.

&

Wisniewska,

I.

(2006) Step Forward 2 Hong Kong China Oxford University

Press

(2007) Diccionario español-

inglés.

Selangor Malasia Macmillan de

México

(2003) Dictionary of

Contemporary English.

The Living Dictionary.

Milán Italia Longman

Manual de Ingles 4

Documents

Transcript of Manual de Ingles 4