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ganaTlebis specialistebisaTvis

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s a r C e v i

g a n m a r t e b i T i l e q s i k o n i

sarCevi ..................................................................................................3

winasityvaoba.......................................................................................6

unar-Cvevebi: ........................................................................................7asertuloba .........................................................................................7kognicia ...............................................................................................7kognituri ............................................................................................7kompetencia ..........................................................................................7metakognicia ........................................................................................8socialuri kognicia ..........................................................................8tolerantoba ......................................................................................8

Teoriebi: ..............................................................................................9gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb ...................9golmanis Teoria emociuri inteleqtis Sesaxeb ............................9diuis ganaTlebis koncefcia .......................................................... 10vizualur-sivrciTi inteleqtis mqone adamianebi ........................12interpersonaluri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi ..........................13intrapersonaluri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi ..........................13kolbis Teoria swavlis stilis Sesaxeb ........................................13kolbergis moralurobis ganviTarebis Teoria ........................... 15lingvisturi inteleqtis mqone adamianebi ................................... 17maTematikur-logikuri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi ................. 17musikaluri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi .....................................18“naturalisturi” inteleqtis mqone adamianebi ...........................18perkinsis Teoria swavlis Sesaxeb ...................................................18rojersis gamocdilebaze dafuZnebuli swavleba ....................... 19socialur-kognituri Teoria (bandura, miSeli) .........................20selmanis Teoria socialuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb ............................................................ 22sxeulebriv-kinesTetikuri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi ........... 23swavlebis bihevioristuli midgoma (skineri) .............................. 23 uznaZis midgomebi TamaSsa da swavlaze ......................................... 24

saswavlo procesi ............................................................................. 27diferencirebuli swavleba ............................................................. 27

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drois organizeba ............................................................................. 27TvalsaCinoeba .................................................................................... 28metakurikulumi ................................................................................ 28moderacia ........................................................................................... 28moduli ............................................................................................... 29saaTobrivi bade ................................................................................ 29sivrcis organizeba ........................................................................... 29silabusi ............................................................................................ 30swavlis tipebi (stili) ................................................................... 30teqnikur sacnobaro aparati ...........................................................31

ganaTlebis sistema ........................................................................... 32akademiuri xarisxi ........................................................................... 32akreditacia ....................................................................................... 32araformaluri profesiuli ganaTleba ......................................... 33atestati ............................................................................................ 33atestacia ........................................................................................... 33bavSvTa uflebaTa konvencia ........................................................... 33bakalavri ........................................................................................... 34bakalavriati ..................................................................................... 34gamocdebis erovnuli centri ......................................................... 34ganaTlebis akreditaciis erovnuli centri ................................ 35genderi ............................................................................................... 35gzamkvlevi .......................................................................................... 36diagrama ............................................................................................. 36diplomi .............................................................................................. 36direqcia ............................................................................................. 37diskriminacia .................................................................................... 37erovnuli profesiuli saagento .................................................... 37erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centri ...................... 37eqsterni ............................................................................................. 38vauCeri ............................................................................................... 38zogadi ganaTlebis sistema ............................................................. 38zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebuleba ........................................... 39TanasworTa swavleba ........................................................................ 39kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb................................................. 39klasteri ............................................................................................ 39krediti (evropuli sakredito sistema (ECTS) ........................... 40licenzireba ........................................................................................41magistratura .................................................................................... 42magistri ............................................................................................. 42

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maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri ...................... 42maswavleblis asistenti .................................................................. 43maswavleblis profesiuli eTikis kodeqsi ................................... 43maswavleblobis maZiebeli ............................................................... 44matrica .............................................................................................. 44mentori .............................................................................................. 44miznobrivi jgufi ............................................................................. 44monacemTa baza ................................................................................... 45pedagogika .......................................................................................... 45pedagogiuri personali ................................................................... 46pedagogiuri sabWo ........................................................................... 46profesia ............................................................................................. 46profesiuli ganaTleba .................................................................... 46profesiuli ganviTareba ................................................................. 47profesiuli saganmanaTleblo standarti .................................... 47profesiuli standarti ................................................................... 47profesiuli studenti ..................................................................... 47profesiuli swavlebis centri/profesiuli saganmanaTleblo dawesebuleba ......................................... 47sagnobrivi kaTedra .......................................................................... 47sameurveo sabWo ................................................................................ 47saxelobo ganaTleba ......................................................................... 48sertifikati ...................................................................................... 48skolis TviTSefasebis sistema ........................................................ 49skolis Sinaganawesi ..........................................................................50umaRlesi profesiuli ganaTleba ..................................................50uwyveti ganaTleba ............................................................................50fokus -jgufi (fokusirebuli diskusia) ......................................50formaluri profesiuli ganaTleba .............................................. 52SemTxvevis analizi (Seswavla) ........................................................ 52

bibliografia .................................................................................... 54

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winasityvaoba

amjerad gTavazobT ganmartebiTi leqsikonis meore nawils. masSi Sevida 100-mde termini. gansakuTrebuli aqcenti ga-keTda ganaTlebis sferoSi arsebul Teoriebze. ganmartebiTi leqsikoni pedagogebs, ganaTlebis specialistebs, ganaTlebis fsiqologebs da sxva dainteresebul pirebs gaacnobs im Ziri-Tad terminebs, romlebic gamoiyeneba erovnul saswavlo geg-maSi, saswavlo gegmebis pilotirebis da danergvis trening-programaSi da, zogadad, ukavSirdeba ganaTlebis sistemis reformas da mis safuZvelze ganxorcielebul swavlebisa da swavlis Tanamedrove gagebas.

leqsikoni struqturirebulia Semdegnairad: terminebi dajgufebulia oTx ZiriTad kategoriaSi: unar-Cvevebi, Teor-iebi, saswavlo procesi da ganaTlebis sistema. TiToeul kat-egoriaSi ki terminebi dalagebulia anbanTrigze.

ganmartebiTi leqsikoni gankuTvnilia ganaTlebis sferoSi moRvawe sxvadasxva profesiis adamianebisTvis. es leqsikoni maT daexmareba gamoyenebul leqsikaSi erTnairi mniSvnelobebi mianiWon yovel termins. es maT gauadvilebT saswavlo miznebis miRwevas da xels Seuwyobs maT Soris profesiuli dialogis warmarTvas. aseve, leqsikoni daexmareba maswavleblebs saser-tifikacio gamocdebisaTvis momzadebaSi.

erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centri 2008 weli

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unar-Cvevebi:

asertuloba - asertuloba aris adamianis unari, Tamamad gamoxatos sakuTari azri sxvisi Seuracxyofis gareSe da sx-vebTan daamyaros efeqturi komunikacia. am dros adamiani pa-tivs scems sakuTar Tavs da sxvebs. asertuloba aZlevs ada-mians sxvebTan Ria komunikaciis saSualebas. asertuli qceva aZlevs saSualebas adamians rom daicvas sakuTari pozicia, ma-Sinac ki, roca sxvebs gansxavebuli azri aqvT.

asertuli qceva gulisxmobs Semdegi unarebis gamoyenebas:

1. uaris Tqma: rogor Tqva “ara” Sesatyvis situaciaSi da Sesatyvis dros.

sakuTari piziciis gamoxatva - “ara, ar SemiZlia” mizezebis axsna - “dRes dakavebuli var” gageba - “imedi maqvs, rom TqvenTvis Sesabamis sxva saqmes

moZebniT” 2. grZnobebis gamoxatva: uTxra adamianebs, Tu ras grZnob. dadebiTi grZnobebis gamoxatva: “Sen Zalian kargad Seasrule davaleba” uaryofiTi grZnobebis gamoxatva: “Senma saqcielma me guli matkina”3. Txovna: informaciis, ganmartebis miRebis Txovna. problemis Camoyalibeba / ganmartebis Txovna: “me Tqven ori urTierTsawinaaRmdego davaleba momeciT; Tu SeiZleba, “SegiZliaT amixsnaT, zustad ra gsurT, rom gavakeTo?”

kognicia - kognicia aris Semecneba, informaciis gada-muSavebis sxvadasxva operaciaTa erToblioba, dawyebuli in-formaciis miRebiT da dasrulebuli misi gadamuSavebiT.

kognituri - SemecnebiTi.

kompetencia - kompetencia niSnavs konkretuli amocanis SesrulebisaTvis saWiro unars. igi moicavs unarebis, codnisa da qcevis erTobliobas.

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metakognicia - metakognicia niSnavs sakuTari SemecnebiTi (azrovnebis) procesebis – azrebis, fiqrebis – gacnobierebas da marTvas. sxva sityvebiT, metakognicia aris azrovneba az-rovnebis Sesaxeb. es aris codna sakuTari kognituri sistemisa da misi funqcionirebis Sesaxeb da misi kontrolis unari.

metakogniciis dros xdeba imis Semecneba, Tu ra viciT (metak-ognituri codna), imis gacnobiereba, Tu ras vakeTebT, rogor viqceviT (metakognituri unari), an rogoria Cveni mimdinare kognituri da emociuri mdgomareoba (metakognituri SegrZne-ba). metakognicia moicavs metakomponentebs – marTvis proce-sebs, romlebic informaciis gadamuSavebis konkretul pro-cesebs aregulireben. es komponentebia: problemis arsebobis aRiareba, problemis gacnobiereba da im procesebis amorCeva, romlebic gamodgeba problemis gadasaWrelad, strategiis ar-Ceva, mentaluri reprezentaciis SerCeva, gonebrivi resursebis ganawileba, problemis gadawyvetis msvlelobaze kontroli, problemis gadawyvetis efeqtianobis Sefaseba.

rodesac metakognicia exeba sakuTari swavlis procesebis gacnobierebas, maSin adgili aqvs swavlis swavlas - adamia-nis mier sakuTari swavlis marTvas, romelic moicavs swavlis dagegmvas, Sefasebas da mudmiv monitorings.

socialuri kognicia - socialuri kognicia anu Semecneba exeba pirovnebis mier sxva adamianebis azrebis, grZnobebis da ganzraxvebis gacnobierebis process. socialuri Semecneba safuZvlad udevs socialuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas. ker-Zod, socialur Semecnebas mniSvnelovanwilad gansazRvravs imas, Tu rogori damokidebuleba Camouyalibdeba bavSvs sxva bavSvebis da ufrosebis mimarT; rogor ganuviTardeba mas sxva-Ta pativiscemisa da urTierTgagebis Cvevebi, rac Cveni erovnu-li saswavlo gegmis erT-erTi ZiriTadi mizania.

tolerantoba - tolerantoba aris adamianis SesaZlebloba aRiaros, pativi sces an gaiTvaliswinos sxva adamianis rwmena, qceva, Rirebulebebi.

tolerantuli Rirebulebebis ganviTarebis mizania, rom mo-swavleebs SeeZloT araZaladobis gziT gansxvavebul kultu-ris, rasis, sqesisa da religiis mqone adamianebTan efeqturi urTierTobis damyareba.

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Teoriebi:

gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb - amerikelma fsiqologma h. gardnerma (Gardner, 1943-) ganavi-Tara “mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Teoria,” romlis mixedviT arsebobs 8 erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli inteleqtis saxe da misi Sesabamisi swavlis stili. inteleqtis es saxeebia: lingvisturi, maTematikur-logikuri, vizualur-sivrciTi, sxeulebriv-kinesTetikuri, musikaluri, interpersonaluri, intrapersonaluri da naturalisturi (ix. TiToeuli tipis ganmarteba anbanuri TanmimdevrobiT). TiToeul bavSvs gaaCnia zemoT CamoTvlili inteleqtis ramdenime saxeoba. mniSvnelova-nia, rom maswavlebeli acnobierebdes sxvadasxva adamianis sx-vadasxva xarisxiT midrekilebas sxvadasxva inteleqtisadmi, rom moswavleebs sakuTari SesaZleblobebis mravalmxrivad gamoxatvis da ganviTarebis SesaZlebloba misces.

golmanis Teoria emociuri inteleqtis Sesaxeb - amerikeli fsiqologi golmani (Goleman, 1946-) ayalibebs Teorias emoci-uri inteleqtis Sesaxeb, romelic aris adamianis unari, gaigos sakuTari grZnobebi, gamoxatos sxvis mimarT empaTia da moax-dinos emociebis efeqturi regulireba/marTva. sainteresoa, rom emociuri inteleqtis done/xarisxi ar dgindeba gonebrivi inteleqtis sazomi testebiT. am Teoriis mixedviT, adamianis warmatebis winaswarmetyvelebisaTvis ufro mniSvnelovania maRali donis emociuri inteleqtis qona, vidre maRali donis zogadi inteleqtisa. ganasxvaveben emociuri inteleqtis xuT ZiriTad unars: TviTSemecneba, TviTregulacia, motivacia, em-paTia da socialuri unar-Cvevebi.

TviTSemecnebis dros adamiani acnobierebs sakuTar gancdebs, rac mas exmareba gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da sakuTari Sesa-Zleblobebis sworad SefasebaSi.

TviTregulacia gulisxmobs adamianis mier sakuTari emo-ciebis marTvis unars, rac moicavs stresuli situaciebis da-Zlevas, imedgacruebis da marcxis gadatanas.

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motivacia gulisxmobs miznis misaRwevad iniciativis sa-kuTar Tavze aRebis unars.

empaTia anu Tanagancda niSnavs sxva adamianebis grZnobebis gagebis unars. am emociur unars sxvanairad “adamianuri urT-ierTobis” unarsac uwodeben. es aris sxva adamianebis Tana-grZnobasa da emociebis gagebaze damyarebuli urTierTobis unari, romelic mJRavndeba sxvebis mimarT keTilganwyobasa da socialuri situaciebis swor SefasebaSi. mkvlevarebi fiqro-ben, rom emociuri komunikaciis 90% araverbaluria. sxva emo-ciuri unarebis msgavsad, empaTia aris Sinagani Tviseba, ro-melic yalibdeba gamocdilebiT. Cvili bavSvebi 3 wlis asakSi ganicdian empaTias, roca isini gamoxataven wuxils sxva bavS-vis tirilze. ufro patara asakSic ki bavSvebi imitaciis sa-SualebiT swavloben reaqciis gamoxatvas sxva adamianis mwux-arebaze. Tumca am unaris ganviTarebisTvis saWiroa ufrosebma SeamCnion da xeli Seuwyon maTi emociebis ganmtkicebas.

socialuri unar-Cvevebi, Tavis mxriv, moicavs: (1) urTier-Tobis warmarTvisa da socialuri situaciebis zusti aRqmis unars; (2) urTierTobis dros zomierebis dacvas; (3) sxvebis advilad dayoliebis, liderobis, molaparakebebisa da diskus-iebis warmarTvis unars da (4) urTierTTanamSromlobisa da gunduri muSaobis safuZvelze problemebis gadaWris unars.

gansakuTebiT mniSvnelovania emociuri inteleqtis unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba skolaSi. skolas SeuZlia moaxdinos “emo-ciuri ganaTlebis” programis danergva. es programa aswavlis moswavleebs sibraziT, imedgacruebiT da martoobiT gamowveu-li emociebis marTvas. ganaTlebis specialistebi miuTiTeben amgvari unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebis did mniSvnelobaze, radgan moswavleebi, romlebic depresiaSi an gabrazebulni arian da konfliqtebi aqvT TanatolebTan, ver SesZleben swavlaSi warmatebis miRwevas.

diuis ganaTlebis koncefcia - amerikeli filosofosi, fsiqologi da ganaTlebis specialisti jon diui (Dewey, 1859-

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1952) aris progresuli ganaTlebis principebis aqtiuri ide-ologi. misi ganaTlebis koncefcia efuZneba or ZiriTad amo-savals: (1) ganaTleba unda emyarebodes gamocdilebas, radgan gamocdileba mniSvnelovanwilad gansazRvravs adamianis moma-vals da (2) ganaTleba socialuri funqciis matarebeli unda iyos, radgan swored ideebisa da gamocdilebis gaziarebiT mi-iRweva socialuri progresi.

ganaTlebaSi diuis gavlenam gamoxatuleba hpova gamoc-dilebiTi ganaTlebis koncefciaSi. am koncefciis mixedviT, ganaTleba gamocdilebis ganviTarebaa. tradiciul skolaSi moswavleebi iReben gamocdilebas, magram ar SeuZliaT misi dakavSireba momavalTan, misi cxovrebiseul situaciaSi gamoy-eneba. gamocdilebaze dafuZnebuli ganaTlebis ZiriTadi prob-lemaa iseTi awmyo gamocdilebis SerCeva, romelic nayofierad da SemoqmedebiTad aamoqmedebs moswavles. Sesabamisad, saWiroa axali ganaTlebisaTvis Sesaferisi masalebis, meTodebisa da socialuri urTierTobebis SemuSaveba, romlebic uzrunve-lyofen ganaTlebis Tanmimdevrul uwyvetobas da gangrZobi-Tobas. TiToeuli gamocdileba, romelsac adamiani SeiZens, cvlis mas, rogorc am gamocdilebaSi monawiles da momdevno gamocdilebaSi raRaciT Secvlili, gansxvavebuli adamiani gadadis. adamianis yoveli gamocdileba misi ganviTarebis ma-moZravebeli Zalaa. igi gavlenas axdens survilebis, miznebis da damokidebulebebis Camoyalibebaze. pedagogis movaleobaa saTanadod Seafasos ra mimarTulebiT viTardeba axalgazrdis gamocdileba, ra damokidebulebebi da tendenciebi uyalibdeba mas, raTa ganasxvavos, maT Soris romelia Semdgomi zrdisTvis xelSemwyobi da romeli - saziano. amisaTvis ki mas unda hqondes moswavleTa gagebis unari da maT mimarT keTilganwyobili unda iyos. amavdroulad, pedagogebma unda icodnen, Tu rogo-ri garemo uwyobs xels samomavlo zrdisa da ganviTarebisTvis xelsayreli gamocdilebis SeZenas da rogor gamoiyenon arse-buli fizikuri da socialuri garemo am miznebisTvis. ufro metic, saWiroa Seiqmnas ganaTlebis iseTi sistema, romelic obieqtur pirobebs sistematurad dauqvemdebarebs individTa “Sida,” subieqtur pirobebs, anu maswavlebeli, wigni, saswav-lo inventari moemsaxureba mozardTa uSualo midrekilebebis

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gamovlenasa da ganviTarebas. amrigad, maswavlebelma sworad unda gansazRvros is gare-

mo, romelic efeqtur urTierTqmedebaSi mova moswavleTa kom-petenciasTan da moTxovnilebebTan, rac xels Seuwyobs Rire-buli gamocdilebis dagrovebas. swavlebis meTodebis SerCeva unda moxdes imis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tu ra sargeblobas mout-ans igi konkretul dros konkretul adamians.

amavdroulad, pedagogis movaleobaa TiToeuli individis da sagnis codnis safuZvelze SearCios iseTi saswavlo jgu-furi aqtivobebi, romelSic yvela individs SeuZlia sakuTari wvlili Seitanos da romelSic yvela moswavle erTad monaw-ileobs. am situaciaSi maswavlebels ekisreba pasuxismgebloba ise warmarTos moswavleTa urTierTobebi, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes jgufis, rogorc erTi organizmis, muSaoba. amgvarad, maswavlebeli jgufuri saqmianobis lideris funqcias iZens. meore mxriv, azrovnebis da pirovnebis ganviTarebisaTvis me-tad miSvnelovania garkveuli Tavisuflebis xarisxi, romelic moswavleebs ganuviTarebs miznebis dasaxvisa da am miznebis ganxorcielebis unarebs. diuis azriT, aseve mniSvnelovania Tavisuflebis garegnuli mxarec. kerZod, fizikuri Tavisu-fleba, radgan mxolod fizikurad Tavisufal garemoSi aris SesaZlebeli moswavleebma gamoavlinon Tavisi namdvili bune-ba, xolo siCume da usityvo morCileba xels uSlis maswavleb-els gaicnos moswavleebi.

amgvarad, gamocdilebiTi ganaTlebis erT-erTi mTavari ideaa saswavlo saqmianobaSi moswavleTa maRali CarTulobis uzrunvelyofa, rac SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes e.w. ”keTe-biT swavlebis” da ”socialuri swavlebis” dros.

vizualur- sivrciTi inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am ti-pis inteleqtis mqone adamianebs aqvT vizualuri (mxedvelo-biT mocemuli) samyaros zusti aRqmisa da vizualuri ga-mocdilebis gamoyenebis kargi unari. isini yvelaze kargad swavloben vizualuri warmodgenebis (xati, ferebi, suraTebi, grafikuli naxatebi) saSualebiT da iyeneben maT xelovnebis dargSi sxvadasxva saqmianobebis dros (ix. gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

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interpersonaluri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am in-teleqtis tipis adamianebs aqvT sakuTari samuSaos kargad dauflebisa da sxvebis motivirebis unari. maT SeuZliaT sx-vaTa grZnobebis, xasiaTisa da survilebis Tanagancda. Tanau-grZnoben sxvebs, esmiT maTi “gasaWiri,” xSirad asruleben mediatoris an lideris rols ama Tu im konfliqtis mogvare-baSi. isini yvelaze kargad sxvebTan urTierTobisas swavloben (ix. gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

intrapersonaluri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am tipis inteleqtis mqone individebs aqvT sakuTari Tavis Secnobis, sakuTari cxovrebisa da swavlis procesis marTvis unari. isi-ni kargad icnoben sakuTar Tavs, kargad xvdebian, ra surT da cdiloben sakuTari miznebis ganxorcielebas. es exmareba maT gadawyvetilebis miRebis dros arsebuli codnis sworad gam-oyenebaSi. aseTi tipis adamianebs uyvarT marto da damoukide-blad muSaoba. isini yvelaze kargad “marto” swavloben (ix. gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

kolbis Teoria swavlis stilis Sesaxeb - amerikeli gana-Tlebis specialisti d. kolbi (Kolb, 1939-) gvTavazobs zrdas-rulTa swavlis Teorias, e.w. ”zrdasrulTa swavlis cikls,” romelic aRweriTi xasiaTisaa. am ciklis mixedviT, arsebobs swavlis oTxi safexuri, romlebic erTmaneTs mosdevs. swavla iwyeba konkretuli gamocdilebis miRebiT, romelsac mosdevs am gamocdilebis gacnobiereba ukve arsebul codnaze dayrdno-biT (pirovnuli refleqsia). es SesaZloa gagrZeldes zogadi wesebis da kanonzomierebebis aRmoCeniT (cnebebis da Teor-iebis Camoyalibeba, ganzogadeba) da damTavrdes maTi gamocdiT manamde arsebuli gamocdilebis gasaumjobeseblad. kolbis mixedviT, maswavlebeli unda iTvaliswinebdes am safexurebs da moswavles usvamdes iseT SekiTxvebs, romlebic xels Seu-wyobs am safexurebis ZiriTadi amocanebis Sesrulebas. esenia: konkretuli gamocdilebis miReba, refleqsia, ganzogadeba, ideebis gamocda.

swavlis ciklis safuZvelze kolbma Tavis kolegebTan er-Tad Camoayaliba swavlis tipebis klasifikacia. maT Seqmnes

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kvlevis specialuri instrumenti, romelic adgens imas, Tu swavlis romel tips miekuTvneba individi.

d. kolbis klasifikacia eyrdnoba or ganzomilebas, kerZod, (1) horizontalurs - amocanis da moswavlis urTierTqmedebis da (2) vertikalurs - moswavlis azrovnebis da emociuri procesebis xasiaTs. horizontaluri ganzomilebis marcxniv gvaqvs amocanis Sesruleba (keTeba, dagegmva, hipoTezis Semow-meba), xolo marjvniv - amocanaze dakvirveba (ganWvreta, re-fleqsia, ganxilva); vertikaluri ganzomilebis SemTxvevaSi ki zeda nawilSi gvaqvs konkretuli gamocdileba (grZnoba da SegrZneba), xolo qveda nawilSi - abstraqtuli azrovneba (gan-zogadeba) da daskvnis gakeTeba.

aqtiurad moqmedi

refleqtu-rad

moazrovne

pragmatis-ti

Teoreti - kosi

hipoTezis gamocda - axali

situacia (keTeba/dagegmva)

konkretuli gamocdileba (SegrZneba/ grZnoba)

refleqsia / dakvirveba

(ganxilva/yureba)

abstraqcia da ganzogadeba

(azrovneba/da-skvna)

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kolbis klasifikaciis mixedviT, gamoiyofa swavlebis oTxi tipi. aqtiurad moqmedi individi swavlobs keTebiT, qmedebiT. upiratesobas aniWebs axal, saintereso gamocdilebas. igi aq-tiurad erTveba proeqtebSi, jgufur diskusiebSi, problemebis gadawyvetaSi, TamaSebSi da simulaciebSi. misi ZiriTadi fi-losofiaa ”erTxel yvelaferi unda scado.” pragmatisti swav-lobs azrovnebiT, fiqriT. mas axasiaTebs ideebis, Teoriebis ga-dasinjva, raTa darwmundes maT WeSmaritebaSi. cdilobs axali ideebis praqtikaSi danergvas, uyvars praqtikuli problemebis gadaWra da damoukideblad swavla. xSirad svams kiTxvas: ”ro-gor SemiZlia amis praqtikaSi ganxorcileba?” misi ZiriTadi filosofiaa - ”Tuki praqtikaSi amarTlebs, e.i. kargia.” Teo-retikosi swavlobs dakvirvebiT da ganWvretiT. misTvis ideebi Zalzed mniSvnelovania, xSirad svavs kiTxvas ”amas aqvs azri?”, swavlis dros axasiaTebs analitikuri, konceptualuri mid-goma, romelic mWidrod ukavSirdeba logikur azrovnebas da racionalur Sefasebas. is ukeT sawavlobs direqtivebis saSu-alebiT, rodesac meti yuradReba eTmoba Teoriebs da siste-mur analizs. misi ZiriTadi filosofiaa - ”Tu logikuria, e.i. kargia.” refleqturad moazrovne swavlobs SegrZnebebsa da gamocdilebaze dayrdnobiT. misTvis jgufSi da wyvilebSi muS-aobiT miRebuli gamocdileba yovelTvis Sedegiania, mas ain-teresebs adamianebTan urTierTobis emociuri elementebi. misi ZiriTadi filosofiaa - ”asjer gazome, erTxel gaWeri.”

kolbergis moralurobis ganviTarebis Teoria - amerikeli fsiqologis, lourens kolbergis (Kohlberg, 1927-1987) Teoria exeba imas, Tu rogor xdeba adamianis moraluri ganviTareba. es ukanaskneli exeba pirovnebis unars, aRiqvas da gaigos sxva ada-mianebis gansxavebuli perspeqtivebi. roluri unar-Cvevebis gan-viTareba SeiZleba ganvixiloT, rogorc moraluri ganviTarebis erT-erTi adreuli safexuri. moralurobis ganviTareba iwyeba 12 wlidan, rodesac mozardisaTvis mTavar amocanas warmoadgens ”sakuTari Tavis identurobis” formireba. bavSvi svams kiTxvebs: “vin var me?” “ra aris CemTvis mniSvnelovani cxovrebaSi?” igi iwyebs sakuTari socialuri kogniciis gagebas, anu cdilobs gai-gos, Tu rogor aRiqvamen mas sxvebi.

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kolbergis mixedviT, bavSvi iqceva sakuTari moraluri gansjis mixedviT, rac gansxvavebulia misi ganviTarebis sx-vadasxva safexurze. igi gamoyofs moralurobis ganviTarebis Semdeg sam dones: pre-konvencionalurs, konvencionalurs da post-konvencionalurs, aseve masSi Semaval eqvs sxvadasxva safexurs.

pirveli done: pre-konvencionaluriI safexuri: usityvo morCileba (5-6 wlis asaki, baRis peri-

odi) – dasja, waxaliseba; am safexurze bavSvebi moralurobas ganixilaven, rogorc maT gareT, maTgan damukideblad arse-bul movlenas. isini fiqroben, rom garkveuli Zalauflebis mqone adamianebi amkvidreben qcevis wesebs, romelsac isini unda daemorCilon. amgvarad, am safexurisTvis damaxasiaTebe-lia wesebis morCileba, raTa Tavidan aicilon dasja (kargi an cudi saqcieli ganisazRvreba imiT, mohyveba Tu ara mas fizi-kuri Sedegebi);

II safexuri: samarTlianoba/individualoba da gacvla (daw-yebiTi klasebi) – pirovnuli jildos miRebis orientacia; am safexurze bavSvebi acnobiereben, rom sxvadasxva adamianebs sxvadasxva Sexedulebebi aqvT. isini fiqroben, rogorc gan-calkevebuli individebi da orientirebulebi arian pirovnul jildoze. maT msjelobaSi ar Cans identifikacia ojaxisa da sazogadoebis RirebulebebTan. amgvarad, am safexurze piradi moTxovnileba gansazRvravs, imas, Tu ra aris swori da ra - araswori;

meore done: konvencionaluriIII safexuri: pirovnebaTaSorisi konformuloba (Sua da

maRali klasebi, “Tineijerobis” sawyisi etapi) - orientacia ~kargi gogo/kargi biWi~ (qcevas ganapirobebs sxvebis mowone-ba da sxvebisTvis siamovnebis miniWeba);

IV safexuri: sistemis mimarT pasuxismgebloba (maRali klasebi da ‘Tineijerobis’ gviani etapi) - orientacia ~kano-ni da wesrigi~ (wesebis dacva, avtoritetis pativiscema, so-cialuri wesrigis SenarCuneba);

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mesame done: post-konvencionaluriV safexuri: principuli sindisi (mozrdili) - socialuri

kontraqtis orientacia (kargi ganisazRvreba adamianis ufle-bebis socialurad SeTanxmebuli standartebiT. mag. konsti-tucia. am safexurze adamianebi fiqroben, rom yvela sazoga-doebas aqvs Tavisi socialurad SeTanxmebuli standartebi);

VI safexuri: universaluri eTikuri principi - universal-uri eTikuri principis orientacia (kargi ganisazRvreba samar-Tlianobis, adamianis Rirsebis da Tanasworobis abstraqtuli cnebebis individualuri gacnobierebis safuZvelze; adamian-ebi fiqroben, rom arsebobs universaluri eTika, romelsac mTliani sazogadoeba unda eTanxmebodes);

mozardebis umravlesoba imyofeba moralurobis ganviTa-rebis mesame, pirovnebaTaSorisi konformulobis safexuze: Tu sxvebs kargi warmodgena eqnebaT Cemze, Sesabamisad, mec kargi warmodgena meqneba sakuTar Tavze. moralurobis ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT, gadamwyvetia, rom mozards am asakSi vaswavloT damoukidebloba da Tantolebis zewolisagan Tavis daRweva.

lingvisturi inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am tipis in-teleqtis mqone adamianebs gaaCniaT metyvelebis kargi unari. SeuZliaT kiTxva, wera, metyveleba. arsebobs profesiebi (mag-aliTad, advokati, Jurnalisti da a.S.), romlebic moiTxovs am unar-Cvevebs. enisadmi midrekilebis mqone adamianebs sau-bris dros uyvarT metaforebis, iumoristuli gamonaTqvamebis xmareba. maT, agreTve, uyvarT sityvebiT TamaSi, enis gasatexe-bi, anekdotebi da a.S. adamianebs, romlebSic Zlieradaa ganvi-Tarebuli am tipis inteleqti, gamorCeulebi arian skolaSic, radgan SeuZliaT azris naTlad gamoxatva rogorc zepirad, ise werilobiT (ix. gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

maTematikur-logikuri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am tipis inteleqtis mqone adamianebs aqvT abstraqtuli prob-lemebis gadaWris, maTematikuri da mecnieruli procesebis gagebis kargi unari. maT Tavisuflad SeuZliaT ricxvebiT ma-

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nipulireba, problemebis gadawyveta, analitikuri azrovneba. isini kargad axerxeben monacemebis interpretacias, cxrilebis dalagebas, abstraqtul kvlevasa da wvdebian abstraqtul mimarTebebs. isini “Zlierebi” arian maTematikasa da sabunebi-smetyvelo sagnebSi. es individebi kargad swavloben eqsperi-mentis, kvlevis dagegmvas, TviTonac akeTeben aRmoCenebs. maT moswonT strategiuli TamaSebi (ix. gardneris Teoria mra-valmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

musikaluri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am tipis in-teleqtis mqone adamianebs aqvT bgeris simaRlis, tonis da ritmis SegrZnebis kargi unari. maT uadvildebaT musikis saSu-alebiT swavla, azrisa da grZnobebis gamoxatva (ix. gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

`naturalisturi” inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am tipis inteleqtis mqone adamianebs aqvT bunebisa da gare samyaros wvdomis unari. maT aqvT gansakuTrebuli damokidebuleba gare samyarosadmi da sakmaod mgrZnobiareni arian samyaros “harmo-niuli” da “araharmoniuli” movlenebisadmi. isini swavloben garemoSi arsebuli movlenebis urTierTdamokidebulebasa da cvlilebebs droSi. isini kargad icnoben garemos da “SeSfoTe-bas” gamoTqvamen im “mavne” zemoqmedebis gamo, romelsac ada-miani axdens bunebaze. maT gaaCniaT “samarTlianobis” grZnoba (ix. gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

perkinsis Teoria swavlis Sesaxeb - ganaTlebis special-isti devid perkinsis (Perkins, 1992) “Teoria erTi” ganixilavs informaciis miwodebis im formebs, romlebic xels uwyobs azrovnebis amoqmedebas da, Sesabamisad, efeqtur swavlasa da swavlebas. am Teoriis mixedviT, adamiani swavlobs imas, risi swavlis logikuri SesaZleblobac da motivaciac aqvs mas. ”Teoria erTis” mixedviT, raimes kargad Semecneba moiTxovs Semdegi pirobebis gaTvaliswinebas:

1. naTeli informacia: miznebis da mosalodneli Sedegebis gansazRvra;

2. SemecnebiTi praqtika: aqtiuri da saazrovno procesebiT

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datvirTuli praqtika imaSi, rasac moswavle swavlobs;3. gamoxmaureba: rCevebi da Sefaseba, raTa moswavlem ukeTes

Sedegebs miaRwios; 4. Zlieri Sinagani da garegani motivacia: damajildovebeli

aqtivobebi an davalebebi, romlebic TavisTavad saintere-soa moswavlisaTvis, an exmareba mas sxva miznebis miRw-evaSi;

”Teoria erTis” saklaso praqtikaSi gamoyeneba gulisxmobs maswavleblis mier moswavlisaTvis naTeli informaciisa da Sesabamisi ukukavSiris miwodebas, gaazrebuli praqtikis Se-Tavazebas, rac aRZravs moswavlis Sinagan da garegan motiva-cias. naTeli informacia gulisxmobs imas, Tu “ra,” “rogor” da “rodis” unda gakeTdes. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli Tvaly-urs adevnebs, ramdenad gaiges moswavleebma miwodebuli in-formacia. maTi Secdomebis analizis safuZvelze maswavlebeli cdilobs ipovos is gzebi, romlebic moswavleebs daexmareba, ukeT gaigon mocemuli sakiTxi.

”Teoria erTis” amoqmedebas xels uwyobs swavlebis Semdegi meTodebi: didaqtikuri, sokratuli, praqtikuli da social-uri, romlebic exmareba moswavles azrovnebis aqtivaciaSi.

perkinsis azriT, kargad azrovneba gulisxmobs sakuTari azrovnebis procesebis marTvas, romelic moicavs Semdegis gaazrebas: ra SekiTxvebi unda dausva sakuTar Tavs, rogor unda gamoiyeno problemis gadaWris strategiebi, rogor unda moaxdino sakuTari azrovnebis monitoringi (Semowmeba) da warmarTo igi swori mimarTulebiT da a.S. es erTgvarad hgavs sakuTari azrovnebis Seswavlas anu refleqsias (TviT-gancdas, gacnobierebas), metakognicias.

rojersis gamocdilebaze dafuZnebuli swavleba - amerike-li fsiqologi karl rojersi (Rogers, 1902-1987) aris human-isturi fsiqologiis fuZemdebeli. man Camoayaliba moswavlis gamocdilebaze dafuZnebuli (Student centered learning) swav-lebis idea, rodesac swavlebis procesSi maqsimalurad xdeba moswavlis survilebisa da saWiroebebis gaTvaliswineba. ga-mocdilebaze dafuZnebuli swavlebis dros moswavle TviTon aris aqtiuri da iniciativiani. igi acnobierebs im mizezebs,

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romlebic xels uwyobs misi swavlisadmi interesebis gazrdas. gamocdilebaze dafuZnebuli swavleba pirovnebis cvlilebisa da zrdis eqvivalenturia.

rojersis mixedviT, adamianebs swavlis bunebrivi niWi gaaC-niaT. maswavleblis roli swored is aris, rom swavlebis pro-cesSi Seqmnas iseTi atmosferi, sadac moswavles SeeZleba ase-Ti niWis gamovlena. amisaTvis saWiroa, rom maswavlebelma: Seqmnas pozitiuri garemo swavlebisaTvis; sworad Camoayalibos swavlebis mizani; sistemaSi moiyvanos saswavlo resursebi da gaxados

moswavleebisTvis xelmisawvdomi; moaxdinos swavlebis inteleqtualuri da emociuri

komponentebis gawonasworeba; SeZlos, rom ar iyos dominanti, iziarebdes moswavlis

gancdebsa da azrebs. rojersis mixedviT, swavleba sasurveli maSinaa, roca

(1) moswavle srulad aris CarTuli swavla-swavlebis pro-cesSi; (2) moswavle awydeba praqtikul, kvleviT problemebs, risi saSualebiTac swavla ufro metad morgebuli xdeba in-dividis saWiroebebze; (3) moswavle mudmivad afasebs sakuTar Tavs, rac misi progresisa da warmatebis Sefasebis ZiriTadi meTodia. rojersi, agreTve, miuTiTebs mudmivi cvlilebebis aucileblobaze swavlebis procesSi, rac zrdis moswavlis motivacias.

rojersis mixedviT,

1. swavleba ufro nayofieria, Tu sagnis Sinaarsi da pirovnebis interesi erTmaneTs emTxveva.

2. saWiroa axali midgomebisa da perspeqtivebis moZebna, rac ar gamoiwvevs pirovnebis daTrgunvas.

3. swavlebis procesi swrafad mimdinareobs, Tu aseTi SiSis koeficienti dabalia.

4. yvelaze produqtulia iniciativiani anu stimulis mimcemi swavleba.

socialur-kognituri Teoria (bandura, miSeli) - socialur-kognituri Teoriis TvalsaCino warmomadgenlebis, a. banduras

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(Bandura, 1925-) da miSelis (Mischel, 1930-) mixedviT, swavla da ganviTareba efuZneba ara mxolod pirad gamocdilebis SeZenis process, aramed, umetesad, sxva adamianTa qcevaze dakvirvebasa da modelirebas. swavla dakvirvebis saSualebiT niSnavs unars sxva adamianze dakvirvebis Sedegad qcevis rTuli nimuSebis aT-visebis unars. am unaris saSualebiT adamianebs SeuZliaT gan-Wvriton qcevis SesaZlo Sedegebi (sxvis magaliTze) da Tavidan aicilon arasasurveli Secdomebi.

adamians, romelsac akvirdebian, models uwodeben, xolo modelze dakvirvebis gziT adamianis mier garkveuli moqmede-bebis an qcevis aTvisebis process - modelirebas. modelirebis Teoriis mniSvnelovan sakiTxs warmoadgens gansxvaveba aTvise-basa da Sesrulebas Soris. esa Tu is moqmedeba an qceva bavSvma SeiZleba aiTvisos, iswavlos, magram moxdeba Tu ara aTvise-buli qcevis ganxorcieleba, mibaZva - es damokidebulia qce-vis mosalodnel waxalisebaze an dasjaze. dakvirvebis Sedegad xdeba axali gamocdilebis SeZena, magram misi qcevaSi real-izaciis albaToba izrdeba maSin, roca es qceva waxalisebu-lia. kerZod, mibaZvis albaToba izrdeba a) Tu damkvirvebeli garkveul sargebels naxulobs modelis qcevis gameorebiT; b) Tu TviT modeli dajildoebulia (mag. mocekvavis aplodis-mentebi zrdis axalgazrda, damwyebi mocekvavisTvis misi miba-Zvis albaTobas); g) Tu models maRali socialuri statusi aqvs; d) Tu modeli keTilganwyobilia damkvirveblis mimarT; e) Tu arsebobs emociuri Sesatyvisoba modelsa da damkvirveb-els Soris.

modelze dakvirvebis gziT bavSvi arapirdapir, iribad iT-visebs garkveul emociur reaqciebsac. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, bavSvebi dakvirvebis gziT swavloben ara mxolod konkretul qcevebs, aramed iseT emociur reaqciebsac, rogorebicaa SiSi an sixaruli. dakvirvebis gziT emociuri reaqciebis swavlis process irib ganmtkicebas uwodeben.

miuxedavad imisa, rom swavla dakvirvebis gziT Zalian Zli-er zegavlenas axdens adamianze, ar unda vifiqroT, rom es av-tomaturad xdeba da Cven ganwirulni varT brmad mivdioT (mi-vbaZoT) sxva adamianebs. bavSvebs hyavT mravali modeli. esenia: mSoblebi, da-Zmebi, maswavleblebi, Tanatolebi, literaturu-

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li gmirebi, satelevizio personaJebi da sxv. modelis arCevas gansazRvravs, erTi mxriv, bavSvis ganviTarebis etapebi, xolo meore mxriv - bavSvis uSualo gamocdileba. bavSvebi zrdasTan erTad sul ufro aqtiurad irCeven models dasakvirveblad da misabaZad.

selmanis Teoria socialuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb - amerikeli fsiqologis, robert selmanis (Selman, 1980) Teoria exeba socialuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas. misi azriT, adamianis Semecnebis (azrovnebis, kogniciis) ganviTare-basTan erTad xdeba socialuri unar-Cvevebis etapobrivi gan-viTarebac. socialuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli roluri unar-Cvevebis - movlenaTa socialuri konteqstis sxvadasxva perspeqtividan, sxvadasxva kuTxidan xedvis da Sefasebis unaris ganviTarebaze. sxvis rolSi Sesv-lis unaris arqona bavSvs xels uSlis dainaxos movlenebi sxva adamianis perspeqtividan. garda amisa, sxvis rolSi Sesvlis unaris gareSe bavSvs uWirs sxva adamianis grZnobebisadmi em-paTiis gamoxatva. es unari viTardeba bavSvis asakobriv zrdas-Tan erTad.

r. selmanma warmoadgina socialuri perspeqtivis ganvi-Tarebis safexurebi. es exeba bavSvis socialuri, roluri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas. kerZod, socialuri perspeqtivis ganviTarebis sawyis safexurze (”aradifrencirebuli perspeq-tivis danaxva,” 3-dan 6 wlamde) bavSvebs uWirT ganasxvavon erTmaneTisagan, rom me-s da sxvebs gansxvavebuli fiqrebi da grZnobebi aqvT. meore safexurze (”socialur-informaciuli perspeqtivis danaxva,” 5-dan 9 wlamde) bavSvebs esmiT, rom sxvadasxvagvari perspeqtivebi SeiZleba gamomdinareobdes iqidan, rom adamianebi sxvadasxvagvar informacias floben. mesame safexuris dasawyisSi (”TviT-refleqsiuri me-s xedva”, 7-da 12 wlamde) xdeba mniSvnelovani clilebebi da bavSvs Seu-Zlia ganaviTaros sakuTari “me”-s xedva. am safexurze bavSvs SeuZlia ”sxvis tyavSi Sesvla” da sakuTari fiqrebis, grZno-bebis da qcevebis sxva adamianis perspeqtividan danaxva. aseve, maT SeuZliaT imis gacnobierebac, rom sxvebsac SeswevT imaves gakeTebis unari. Semdgom safexurze (”sxvisi (mesame piris) perspeqtividan xedva”, 10-dan 15 wlamde) bavSvs uviTardeba

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sxvisi (mesame piris) perspeqtividan xedvis SesaZlebloba. am droisTvis mas SeuZlia sxvebTan Tavisi urTierTobis garedan (ucxo TvaliT) danaxva. bolo safexuri iwyeba daaxloebiT 14 wlidan da cnobilia ”socialuri perspeqtivis xedvis” sax-eliT. Tumca, es SesaZloa realurad ganviTardes mozardobis periodSi. am safexurze individis perspeqtivis xedvaze zegav-lenas axdens socialur RirebulebaTa erTi an meti sistema.

sxeulebriv-kinesTetikuri inteleqtis mqone adamianebi - am tipis inteleqtis mqone adamianebs aqvT sxeulis marTvis, misi moZraobebis gakontrolebisa da Secvlis kargi unari. am tipis adamianebs kargad exerxebaT fizikuri aqtivobebi. isini yvelaze kargad “keTebis” procesSi, anu aqtiuri swavlebiT, moZraobebiT da samuSaos xeliT Sesrulebis dros swavloben (ix. gardneris Teoria mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb).

swavlebis bihevioristuli midgoma (skineri) – bihevioriz-mis erT-erTi TvalsaCino warmomadgenlis, amerikeli fsiqol-ogis, b. f. skineris (Skinner, 1904-1990) mixedviT, adamianis qce-vis CamoyalibebaSi gadamwyveti roli ekisreba gare faqtorebs da im gamocdilebas, romelsac igi socialur garemoSi iZens. pirovnuli Taviseburebebis miuxedavad, bavSvs SeuZlia nebi-smieri qcevis daswavla, Tu mas saTanado ganmtkiceba mohyve-ba. skinerma eqsperimentis safuZvelze daadgina, rom qcevis warmateba/warumatebloba gansazRvravs imas, moxdeba Tu ara am qcevis daswavla. swavlis am formas skinerma instrumentuli swavla uwoda. instrumentul swavlas safuZvlad udevs or-ganizmis aqtiuri moqmedebebi garemoSi. Tu raime SemTxveviTi moqmedeba sasargeblo aRmoCndeba, misi ganmtkiceba xdeba miR-weuli SedegiT.

rogorc cnobilia, nebismier qcevas SeiZleba hqondes an ar hqondes Sedegi. uSedego qceva TandaTan ikargeba, daviwyebas eZleva. Sedegi SeiZleba ori saxisa iyos - sasimovno da usia-movno. sasiamovno Sedegis SemTxvevaSi, qcevis gameorebis al-baToba izrdeba. rac Seexeba usiamovno Sedegs, igi amcirebs qcevis albaTobas, anu swavla ar xorcieldeba.

qcevis momavalSi ganxorcielebis albaToba izrdeba ara mxolod maSin, rodesac am qcevas sasiamovno Sedegebi aqvs

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(dadebiTi ganmtkiceba), aramed maSinac, rodesac qceva saSu-alebas aZlevs moswavles Tavi aaridos usiamovno Sedegs. am-rigad, swavlis ori gza arsebobs: an sasiamovno Sedegi unda mohyves sasurvel qcevas, an bolo unda moeRos am qcevis usia-movno Sedegs.

marTalia, miCneulia, rom dasja efeqturi meTodia garkveu-li qcevis dasaswavlad, magram, sinamdvileSi, dasjis gziT arasasurveli qcevis aRmofxvras didi dro sWirdeba. amasTa-nave, dasjam SeiZleba gamoiwvios bavSvis fsiqikis darRveva, misi nevrotizacia.

es Teoria ar iTvaliswinebs bavSvis pirovnebas da mis indi-vidualur Taviseburebebs da, am TvalsazrisiT, naklovani da calmxrivia. Tumca igi mniSvnelovania, radganac aRwers gare faqtorebis zegavleniT axali Cvevebis Camoyalibebis kanon-zomierebebs. kerZod, es Teoria gvaswavlis, rom rogorc ki moswavle raime unars SeiZens, maswavlebelma mas unda daan-axos, rom es unari sasargebloa. maSasadame, pedagogebma ise unda moaxdinon saswavlo procesis organizeba, rom ganmt-kiceba moxdes uSualod swavlis Semdeg. swavlis ganmtkicebas skolaSi, Cveulebriv, ganapirobebs raime davalebis warmate-biT Sesruleba. ganmtkicebis kidev erTi saxea maswavleblis mier moswavlis Seqeba, waxaliseba. aqedan gamomdinare, axlad naswavli kidev ufro ganmtkicdeba, Tuki maswavlebeli swav-lasTan dakavSirebuli amocanebis sirTules Seusabamebs mo-swavlis SesaZleblobebs. es moswavles uyalibebs warmatebaSi darwmunebulobis, agreTve, sakuTari warmatebis marTlzom-ierebis gancdas. amasTanave, maswavlebels SeuZlia agrZnobi-nos da daanaxos moswavles, rom mas Zalian siamovnebs, rom moswavle iyenebs axlad SeZenil unarebs. ra Tqma unda, ide-alur SemTxvevaSi, ganmtkicebis es ori forma erTdroulad unda iyos gamoyenebuli.

uznaZis midgomebi TamaSsa da swavlaze - cnobili qarTveli

fsiqologi d. uznaZe (1886-1950w.w.) Tavisi Teoriis fargleb-Si aSuqebs bavSvis TamaSisa da swavlis fsiqologiur bunebas da funqcias.

uznaZis azriT, yvela cocxali organizmis bunebriv mdgo-mareobas moZraoba, aqtiuroba Seadgens. ar aris aucilebeli,

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rom cocxali organizmis asamoqmedeblad masze raime gamRiz-ianebeli zemoqmedebdes. cocxali organizmis bunebrivi Ta-viseburebaa masSi arsebuli Zalebis moqmedeba, aqtivoba. am Taviseburebas uznaZe funqcionalur tendencias uwodebs.

d. uznaZis Teoriis Tanaxmad, TamaSis ZiriTad arss bavSvis Ses-aZleblobaTa aqtivacia warmoadgens. kerZod, bavSvi ara mxolod im ZalebiTaa aRWurvili, romlebic biologiurad mniSvnelova-nia misi ganviTarebis am etapze, aramed im ZalebiTac, romlebic man memkvidreobiT miiRo da romlebic mniSvnelovani iqneba gan-viTarebis Semdgom etapebze. biologiurad aucilebeli fun-qciebi mis moTxovnilebaTa dakmayofilebis impulsiT moqmedebs, xolo Zalebis meore jgufi moqmedebs funqcionaluri tenden-ciis safuZvelze. TamaSi swored am ZalTa moqmedebis gamovline-baa. mniSvnelovania, rom TamaSis saSualebiT xdeba im Zalebis da SesaZleblobebis ganviTareba, romelic SemdgomSi seriozuli saqmianobis ganxorcielebis safuZveli xdeba.

saskolo asakSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom bavSvis cxovrebaSi swavla did adgils ikavebs, aranaklebi dro eTmoba TamaSs, gansakuTrebiT ki fizikur TamaSebs. amasTan, skolis asakis bavSvebis TamaSi specifikur saxes iZens. bavSvi marto aRar TamaSobs. mas aucileblad hyavs partniori da, amasTan, misi TamaSi mizandasaxuli qcevebis formad iqceva, romelic saku-Tari Zalebis gamocdis, TanatolebTan Sejibris xasiaTs iZens. miuxedavad imisa, rom am qceviTac aranairi produqti ar iqm-neba, misi mizani TviTganviTareba, sakuTari Zalebisa da Sesa-Zleblobebis gamocdaa. swored amitom, mozardi zogjer mar-toc mimarTavs sakuTari motoruli aparatis amoqmedebas. igi TiTqos Tavis Tavs ejibreba da cdilobs sul ufro da ufro daxvewili da Zlieri moZraobebi Seasrulos.

amgvarad, am asakSi TamaSi moZraobaTa ganviTarebis, gaum-jobesebisa da daxvewis mizans emsaxureba da igi Sejibris piro-bebSi xorcieldeba, romelic gulisxmobs garkveuli wesebisa da pirobebis dacvas. Sedegad, mozardi “fizikuri TamaSis” gziT gaiTavisebs sazogadoebaSi arsebul, garkveul wesebs da normebs, rac exmareba mas pirovnebaTSorisi urTierTobebisa da jgufuri muSaobis unarebis ganviTarebaSi.

d. uznaZis mixedviT, swavla adreuli bavSvobidan iwyeba, ma-

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gram dasrulebul Sinaarss swavla skolis garemoSi iZens. am periodSi swavla qcevis ZiriTad formad iqceva. swavla ara mxolod raime codnis SeZenas gulisxmobs, aramed SesaZle-blobebis SeZenasac, unarebis ganviTarebasac. swored amitom, swavlis procesSi ara mxolod konkretuli codnis an Cvevis daufleba xdeba, aramed moswavlis im unarebisa da SesaZle-blobebis (“Zalebis”) ganviTarebac, romlebic swavlis pro-cesSi monawileoben. ufro metic, uznaZis azriT, swavlaSi ZiriTadi swored am unarebisa da SesaZleblobebis ganviTare-baa. Tumca, TamaSisgan gansxvavebiT, swavlis procesSi bavSvis Zalebis aqtivacia ufrosis (maswavleblis) mier miwodebuli masalis safuZvelze xorcieldeba da, am mxriv, swavla qcevis gardamavali formaa TamaSsa da Sromas Soris.

saskolo garemoSi swavla garkveul saswavlo masalasTan erTad aucileblad maswavlebelsac gulisxmobs, kerZod ki mis monawileobas swavlis procesSi. maswavleblis funqcia masa-lis ubralod miwodeba da gamokiTxva ki ar aris, aramed - swav-leba. maswavlebeli aswavlis moswavles, risTvisac saswavlo masalas moswavlis unarebisa da SesaZleblobebis mixedviT gardaqmnis da ise awodebs mas. masala, erTi mxriv, moswavlis codnisa da unarebis (“ZalTa”) aqtualuri donis Sesatyvisi unda iyos, meore mxriv, ki - misgan garkveulwilad daSore-buli, raTa xeli Seuwyos ganviTarebas. maswavleblis funqcia swored am pirobebis realizaciaa: moswavlisaTvis axali masa-lis misawvdomad gadacema, “axsna.” “axsna ki ucnobis nacnobze, axlis Zvelze dayvanasa da swored amiT nacnobisa da Zvelis ufro maRal safexurze ayvanas niSnavs.” amgvarad, moswavlis ganviTarebis procesSi maswavlebeli Suamavalia masalasa da moswavles (mis “Zalebs”) Soris. axsnis Sedegad manamde praq-tikulad mocemuli garkveuli faqti bavSvisTvis dakvirvebis obieqtad iqceva, misi cnobierebisTvis xdeba miswavdomi. raime faqti, movlena Tu sagani swavlis Sedegad bavSvisTvis ara mx-olod praqtikulad mocemulad arsebobs, aramed cnobiereba-Sic inaxeba cnebaTa saxiT.

amrigad, uznaZis mixedviT, swavlis ZiriTadi arsi axsnaSi da am gziT, movlenaTa, faqtTa da saganTa cnobierebaSi asaxvasa da mozardis cnebiTi azrovnebis ganviTarebaSi mdgomareobs.

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saswavlo procesi

diferencirebuli swavleba - es aris saswavlo procesis is-eTi organizeba, romelic gaTvlilia TiToeuli moswavlis an moswavleTa jgufebis saWiroebebze, unarebze da SesaZleblo-bebze. diferencirebuli swavleba aigeba Semdegi faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT:

1. moswavleebisa da maswavleblebis molodinisa da sur-vilebis gageba;

2. moswavleeebis codnis, unarebisa da swavlis stilis gansazRvra;

3. dakvirveba imaze, Tu rogor igeben moswavleebi davale-bas;

4. samomavlo gegmebis dasaxvis mizniT Sedegebis Semowmeba da analizi;

diferenciaciis mizania moswavleTa unikaluri unarebis da SesaZleblobebis maqsimaluri gamovlena, rac xels Seuwyobs moswavleebis mier erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sedegebis miR-wevas.

diferencirebuli swavlebis efeqtiani gamoyeneba mTlianad imazea damokidebuli, Tu ramdenad kargad icnobs maswavlebeli Tavis moswavleebs da ramdenad iTvaliswinebs TiToeuli mo-swavlis codnas, unar-Cvevebs, damokidebulebas da unikalur gamocdilebas, romelic yalibdeba mSoblebTan, TanatolebTan, mediasTan da samyarosTan yoveldRiuri urTierTobiT. dife-renciaciis strategiis gamoyeneba maswavleblisgan swavlisa da swavlebis sxvadasxva meTodis flobas moiTxovs.

drois organizeba - drois organizeba adamianis erT-erT umniSvnelovanesi unar-Cvevaa, romlis gareSec SeuZlebelia warmatebis miRweva. drois organizeba unda ganxorcieldes grZelvadian Tu moklevadian miznebTan (proeqti, saswavlo gegma, gakveTilis gegma) SesabamisobaSi.

drois efeqtianad organizebisaTvis mimarTaven drois mar-

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Tvis sxvadasxva strategiebs. es strategiebia: dRiuris war-moeba, dRis ganrigis Sedgena, mSoblebTan, moswavleebTan da kolegebTan Sexvedrebis cxrilis Seqmna, masalebis daxarisxe-ba, maTi saqaRaldeebSi ganTavseba da a.S.

maswavleblisaTvis gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelovania gakve-Tilis droSi sworad dagegmva, raTa gamoiricxos zedmeti drois darCenis an drois ukmarisobis SemTxvevebi. maswavle-belma winaswar unda moamzados gakveTilis (kviris, trimes-tris, an Temis) droSi gawerili gegma, sadac ZiriTad SinaarsTan erTad gamoyofili iqneba dro moswavleTa saqmianobis Sesa-faseblad da davalebis misacemad. gamocdili maswavleblebi winaswar amzadeben damatebiT masalas im SemTxvevisTvis, Tu moswavleebi adre daasruleben samuSaos (davalebas).

TvalsaCinoeba - TvalsaCinoeba aris sxvadasxva saxis vi-zualuri, audio masala (mag. filmi, slaidi, grafiki, sqema, naxati da sxva) da teqnikuri saSualeba, romelic gamoiyeneba swavlebis procesSi.

metakurikulumi - am terminiT aRiniSneba saswavlo miznebi, romlebic saerToa skolebSi sxvadasxva sagnis Seswavlisas. amasTanave, metakurikulumi aerTianebs sxvadasxva sagnebis dauflebisaTvis saWiro zogad unar-Cvevebs. metakurikulumi xels uwyobs praqtikuli an simboluri azrovnebis ganviTare-bas, swavlis Cvevebis gamomuSavebas (imis swavlebas, Tu rogor iswavlon ukeTesad), aseve, azrovnebis sxvadasxva doneebis (codna, gageba, gamoyeneba, analizi, sinTezi da Sefaseba), ino-vaciuri da transferuli (gadataniTi) unar Cvevebis ganviTa-rebas;

moderacia - es aris procesi, romlis drosac xdeba garkveu-li RonisZiebebis (magaliTad, seminari, prezentacia, internet saitze resursebis gacvla, forumi) marTva an gaZRola. am pro-cess warmarTavs sagangebod SerCeuli piri anu moderatori. igi konkretuli gegmis mixedviT da wesebis dacviT efeqtianad uZRveba process.

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diskusiis wayvanis dros moderatoris mTavari daniSnule-baa, gauZRves diskusias im gegmis mixedviT, romelic sakiTxis winaswari Seswavlis da gamokvlevis programis safuZvelze iqna SemuSavebuli. moderatoris ostatoba imaSi gamoixateba, rom man rac SeiZleba metad unda CarTos monawileeebi disku-siaSi, maT Soris isinic, vinc ar aris aqtiuri, an Tavs gaubeda-vad grZnobs. Tu raime mizezis gamo jgufSi viTareba daiZabeba, an monawileebs Soris raime gaugebroba moxdeba, moderatoris movaleobaa ganmuxtos situacia. moderatori kargi msmeneli unda iyos da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi gaCumdes, raTa monawilee-bma Tavad warmarTon diskusia.

moduli - moduli aris swavlebis damoukidebeli, Tanamim-devruli bloki, romelic aerTianebs monaTesave sagnebs. mod-ulSi gansazRvrulia saganTa urTierTkavSirebi da Tanamimdev-roba. saswavlo gegma SeiZleba Sedgebodes erTi an ramdenime modulisagan (saqarTvelos kanoni umaRlesi ganaTlebis Ses-axeb; muxli 2).

saaTobrivi bade - saaTobrivi bade asaxavs moswavleTa savaldebulo da maqsimaluri datvirTvis odenobas. saaTo-brivi bade gansazRvravs erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvali-winebuli savaldebulo sagnebis swavlebis xangrZlivobas an kvireul datvirTvas (CarCos).

saskolo saaTobrivi bade moicvas TiToeuli klasis mixedviT dazustebuli gakveTilebis ganrigs, romelSic gawerilia, Tu romeli sagani iswavleba romeli kviris dRes da drois ra mon-akveTSi. aqve miTiTebuli unda iyos, Tu vin aswavlis am sagnebs. amave badeSi unda iyos aRniSnuli yvela damatebiTi saganmanaTle-blo da saaRmzrdelo momsaxureba, drois da pedagogis/instruq-toris/wris xelmZRvanelis Tu sxvaTa miTiTebiT.

sivrcis organizeba - swavlebisa da swavlis dros dasax-uli miznebis misaRwevad mniSvnelovania skolisa da saklaso sivrcis Sesabamisad organizeba. skolasa da klasSi sivr-cis sworad organizeba individualuri da jgufuri muSaobis,


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kvlevebis, gamofenebis, TamaSebisa da dasvenebisaTvis saWiro pirobebs qmnis. skolisa da saklaso oTaxis sivrcis efeq-tianad organizeba moswavleebs azrovnebis, SemoqmedebiTo-bis, esTetikuri gemovnebis ganviTarebis saSualebas aZlevs. skolis sivrcis organizeba SeiZleba, agreTve, gulisxmobdes kedlebis, fanjrebis, derefnebis da Weris gamoyenebasac.

klasSi sivrcis iseTi mowyoba, rodesac moswavleebi mas-wavleblis pirispir sxedan, efeqtiania leqciis, prezentaci-is, demostrirebis, kiTxva-pasuxis da saerTo instruqciebis micemis dros. merxebis wriulad ganlageba gamarTlebulia diskusiebis warmarTvis SemTxvevaSi. jgufuri muSaobisTvis sasurvelia merxebis iseTi ganlageba, romelic jgufebs gamo-yofs erTmaneTisagan.

silabusi - silabusi warmoadgens saswavlo kursis pro-gramas. masSi mocemulia kursis saTauri, swavlebis safexuri, mizani da amocanebi, swavlebis formati (swavlebis meTodi), kursis saaTobrivad gawerili Sinaarsobrivi gegma gamoyenebu-li saxelmZRvaneloebis gverdebis an sxva resursebis detal-uri miTiTebiT, aseve kursis Sefasebis principebi (Sualeduri, Semajamebeli, ganmsazRvreli da sxva), mosalodneli Sedegebi, kerZod, im codnisa da unar-Cvevebis CamonaTvali, romelsac uzrunvelyofs kursis dasruleba.

umaRles saswavleblebSi silabusi awesrigebs leqtorisa da studentis urTierTobas. saswavlo kursis dawyebisas stu-dentma silabusis meSveobiT unda gaigos, Tu ra da rogor unda iswavlos, rom sasurvel Sedegs miaRwios. meore mxriv, sila-busis meSveobiT umaRlesi saswavleblis administracias Seu-Zlia Seamowmos leqtoris akademiuri saqmianobis xarisxi.

swavlis tipebi (stili) - swavlis tipi pirobiTi cnebaa da migvaniSnebs imaze, Tu vis rogor urCevnia an uadvildeba swavla; adamianebi upiratesobas aniWeben informaciis gada-muSavebis (aRqma, aRbeWdva, Senaxva) garkveul meTodebs. gana-Tlebis specialistebma am Temaze gansakuTrebiT gasuli sau-kunis 70-iani wlebidan gaamaxviles yuradReba. es Tema dResac


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aqtualuria. sasurvelia, rom maswavlebelma Seafasos mo-swavleTa swavlis stili da mis mier gamoyenebuli swavlebis meTodebi maqsimalurad moargos maT individualur stils. imis codna, rom moswavleebs sxvadasxava swavlis stili aqvT, maswavleblisTvis aucilebeli xdeba swavlebisa da swavlis mravalferovani strategiebis floba da gamoyeneba, rac mas saswavlo procesSi moswavleTa metad CarTvaSi daexmareba.

aqve isic unda aRiniSnos, rom swavlis stili SeiZleba Seicvalos droisa da konteqstis mixedviT. amavdroulad, mo-swavleebi swavlis an romelime erT tips ganekuTvnebian, an ram-denimes erTad. ”multimodalobis adamianebad” iwodebian isini, romlebic erTze met swavlis tips aniWeben upiratesobas.

arsebobs swavlis stilis klasifikaciis sxvadasxva mod-elebi da Teoriebi. erT-erTi yvelaze gavrcelebuli klasifi-kaciis mixedviT, SesaZleblia swavlis oTxi ZiriTadi tipis gamoyofa. am klasifikaciis ZiriTadi principia is SegrZnebiTi modaloba, romelsac adamiani upiratesobas aniWebs informa-ciis gadamuSavebisas. swavlis es tipebia: taqtiluri (Sexe-biTi), kinesTetikuri (moZraobiTi), mxedvelobiTi da smeniTi. smeniTi swavlis tipis mqone adamianebi ukeT swavloben mos-meniT; kinesTetikuri tipebi - urTierTqmedebiT da keTebiT; mxedvelobiTi swavlis tipebi - vizualuri xatebiT, sademon-stracio TvalsaCinoebebiT da sxeulis eniT, xolo taqtiluri tipebi - Canawerebis gakeTebiT da diagramebis/grafikebis dax-atviT.

kolbis klasifikaciis mixedviT, gamoiyofa swavlis oTxi tipi, aqtivisti, pragmatisti, Teoretikosi da refleqturad moazrovne (ix. d. kolbis Teoria swavlis stilis Sesaxeb). swavlis tipebis Sesaxeb erT-erTi saintereso klasifikacia ekuTvnis, agreTve, h. gardners (ix. h. gardneris Teoria mra-valmxrivi inteleqtis Sesaxeb);

teqnikur sacnobaro aparati - es aris gamocemis sacnobaro sistema, romelSic Sedis sarCevi, leqsikoni, sqolio da te-qstTan dakavSirebuli sxva damatebiTi informacia.


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ganaTlebis sistema

akademiuri xarisxi - akademiuri xarisxi mieniWeba pirovne-bas umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo saswavleblis ama Tu im safex-uris (sabakalavro, samagistro, sadoqtoro) damTavrebisas. ak-ademiuri xarisxis miniWebis sistema gansxvavebulia qveynebisa da umaRlesi saswavleblebis mixedviT. 2001 wlidan evropaSi akademiuri xarisxis met-naklebad erTiani sistema (boloniis procesi) Seiqmna, romlis mixedviTac evropis ZiriTadi qvey-nebis umaRlesi saswavleblebi kursdamTavrebulebs Sesabamisi safexuris damTavrebis Semdeg sami tipis samecniero xarisxs aniWeben: bakalavris, magistrisa da doqtoris xarisxs. saqa-rTvelo 2005 wlidan SeuerTda boloniis process.

akreditacia - zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis zog-adi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis dokumentTan da erovnul saswavlo gegmebTan Sesabamisobis uzrunvelyofis mizniT sax-elmwifo axorcielebs akreditacias. akreditacia aris zoga-dsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi mimdinare saswavlo pro-cesis zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis dokumentTan, erovnul saswavlo gegmebTan da saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier dadgenil zogadsaganmanaTle-blo dawesebulebebis normativebTan Sesabamisobis dadas-tureba. Tu zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebuleba srulad ver akmayofilebs akreditaciis pirobebs, mas garkveuli droiT mieniWeba pirobiTi akreditacia, raTa am drois ganmavlobaSi akreditaciis pirobebi srulad dakmayofildes;

akreditaciis gavla savaldebuloa yvela zogadsaganmana-Tleblo dawesebulebisaTvis. akreditaciis Catarebis uzrun-velyofis mizniT saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro qmnis sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirs – sagan-manaTleblo dawesebulebebis saxelmwifo saakreditacio sam-saxurs.

konkretuli akreditaciis Casatareblad saxelmwifo saa-kreditacio samsaxuri niSnavs eqspertTa jgufis Tavmjdo-

ganaTlebis sistema ganaTlebis sistema

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mares, romlis kandidaturasac uTanxmebs akreditaciis maZ-iebels. SeTanxmebis procedura ganisazRvreba saxelmwifo saakreditacio samsaxuris debulebiT.

saxelmwifo saakreditacio samsaxuri valdebulia zoga-dsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebas samarTlebrivi daxmareba gauwios akreditaciis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. saxelmwifo saakreditacio samsaxuri akreditaciis sakiTxebze SeimuSavebs yovelwliur rekomendaciebs.

araformaluri profesiuli ganaTleba - araformalur profesiul ganaTlebas piri iRebs profesiuli saganmanaTle-blo dawesebulebisagan damoukideblad an araakreditirebuli saganmanaTleblo programis aTvisebis Sedegad. araformal-uri ganaTleba ar iTvaliswinebs saxelmwifos mier aRiareb-uli ganaTlebis damadasturebeli dokumentis miRebas. Tumca, atestaciis Sedegad SesaZlebelia uflebamosili organos mier saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT araformaluri gziT SeZenili saxelobo ganaTlebis mqone piris profesiuli codnisa da unar-Cvevebis Semowmeba da Sesabamisi kvalifika-ciis dadastureba;

atestati - atestati (laT. attestor - vamtkiceb) aris do-kumenti, romelic adasturebs piris mier sabazo an saSualo zogadsaganmanaTleblo saswavlo dawesebulebis dasrulebas. atestati gaicema skolis direqciis mier. atestats axlavs niSnebis furceli, romelSic asaxulia moswavlis (kursdam-Tavrebulis) moswreba – qulebi TiToeul saganSi.

atestacia - atestacia aris muSakis kvalifikaciis an cod-nis gansazRvra, misi unarebis, codnisa da profesiuli Cvevebis Sefaseba imis Sesamowmeblad, Tu ramdenad Seefereba misi kvalifikacia dakavebul Tanamdebobas. atestacia periodulad tardeba saSualo da umaRles saswavleblebSi, samecniero-kv-leviT dawesebulebebSi, saministroebsa da sxva uwyebebSi.

bavSvTa uflebaTa konvencia - bavSvTa uflebaTa konvencia aris saxelmwifoTaSorisi SeTanxmeba, romlis mizania uzrun-velyos bavSvTa srulyofilad momzadeba sazogadoebaSi da-


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moukidebeli cxovrebisaTvis da aRzardos igi gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis wesdebaSi gacxadebuli idealebis, gansa-kuTrebiT ki mSvidobis, adamianis Rirsebis pativiscemis, Sem-wynareblobis, Tavisuflebis, Tanasworobisa da solidarobis suliskveTebiT.

bavSvTa uflebaTa konvencia 1989 wels erTxmad miiRo gaerTienebuli erebis organizaciis generalurma asambleam. is Sedgeba preambulis, sami nawilisa da 54 muxlisagan.

bavSvTa uflebaTa konvencia saqarTveloSi 1994 wlis 21 aprilidan Sevida ZalaSi.

bakalavri - bakalavri aris mflobeli im akademiuri xarisxisa, romelic pirs akademiuri umaRlesi saganmanaTleb-lo programis pirveli safexurisaTvis – bakalavriatisaTvis dadgenili kreditebis raodenobis aTvisebis Sedegad eniWeba;

bakalavriati – akademiuri umaRlesi ganaTlebis pirve-li safexuri, saswavlo programebis erToblioba, romelic, ZiriTadad, iTvaliswinebs Sesabamisi specialobebis Teoriuli safuZvlebis swavlebas, rac aucilebelia piris magistratu-raSi Semdgomi swavlisaTvis, an miRebuli kvalifikaciiT muS-aobisaTvis;

gamocdebis erovnuli centri - gamocdebis erovnulma centrma saqmianoba 2001 wlidan daiwyo ”ganaTlebis siste-mis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqtis” saxiT. proeqtis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani mimarTuleba Sefasebis axali sistemis danergva iyo, romliTac unda momxdariyo moswav-leTa codnisa da unarebis Sefaseba obieqturi da sando meTodebiT; erovnuli gamocdebis Catareba da saukeTeso abiturientTa SerCeva umaRles saganmanaTleblo daweseb-ulebebSi Casaricxad da saxelmwifo grantis mosapoveblad;

gamocdebis erovnuli centri pasuxismgebelia erTiani erovnul gamocdebis Catarebaze, aseve, saerTaSoriso kvle-


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vebis Catarebaze saqarTveloSi, risi ganxorcielebac daiwyo 2006 wlidan.

ganaTlebis akreditaciis erovnuli centri - sajaro samar-Tlis iuridiuli piri - ganaTlebis akreditaciis erovnuli centri daarsda 2007 wels. centri damoukidebelia Tavis saqmianobaSi da axorcielebs instituciur da programul akreditacias umaRles, profesiul da zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi.

centris miznebia: 1. saqarTvelos umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebule-

bebisa da maTi programebis saerTaSoriso standartebTan da wesebTan SesabamisobaSi moyvana, saqarTvelos umaRlesi sagan-manaTleblo dawesebulebebis/saganmanaTleblo programebis statusis, saxelmwifos mier aRiarebuli sertifikatis gace-mis uflebis dadgena.

2. zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi mimdinare saswav-lo procesis zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis dokument-Tan, erovnul saswavlo gegmebTan da saministros mier dad-genil zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis normativebTan Sesabamisobis dadastureba.

3. profesiuli saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebisa da maTi programebis saerTaSoriso standartebTan da dadgenil piro-bebTan SesabamisobaSi moyvana.

4. saqarTvelos umaRles saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa akademiuri personalis da studentTa aRricxva da monacemTa Sesabamisi bazis formireba.

genderi - es termini mecnierebaSi socialuri sqesis aRsan-iSnavad gamoiyeneba. sqesi dakavSirebulia qalsa da mamakacs Soris fizikur, sxeulebriv gansxvavebebTan, cneba “genderi” ki miuTiTebs maT fsiqologiur, socialur da kulturul Ta-viseburebebze. sqesi biologiurad aris gansazRvruli, gen-deri ki socialuri da kulturuli faqtorebiT aris ganpiro-bebuli da aRniSnavs qalisa da mamakacis socialurad naswavli qcevebis, Tvisebebisa da damokidebulebebis nakrebs. bavSvi


��

dabadebidanve ganekuTvneba biologiur kategorias - sqess, Se-sabamisad, mdedrobiTs an mamrobiTs. aRzrdis procesSi xdeba maTi genderuli cnobierebis Camoyalibeba. gogonebi da biWebi sxvadasxvagvar gamocdilebas iReben da iTaviseben arsebul genderul rolebs mocemul kulturaSi. isini swavloben, Tu rogor unda iqceodes gogo Tu biWi, ra aris dasaSvebi TiToeu-lisTvis da ra - ara.

amgvarad, genderi gulisxmobs fsiqologiur atributebs, maxasiaTeblebs da qcevebs, romelTa SeZena xdeba socialur konteqstSi. yovel sazogadoebaSi genderuli gansxvavebebi vlindeba adamianTa qcevis formebSi. magaliTad, romel sfer-oSi moRvaweoben qalebi da mamakacebi da ra samuSaos asrule-ben isini, rogor icvamen, rogor gamoxataven emociebs da a.S.

gzamkvlevi - gzamkvlevi aris (Sdr. ingl. guide) maswav-leblebisTvis gankuTvnili meToduri xasiaTis miTiTebani (miTiTebebis krebuli), romelsac SesaZloa hqondes saxelmZ-Rvanelos saxe. gzamkvlevis funqciaa miawodos informacia pedagogebs, Tu rogor unda isargeblon ama Tu im pedagogi-uri resursiT (mag. moswavlis saxelmZRvanelo, savarjiSoebis rveuli, audio, video Tu internetresursebi da a. S).

diagrama - diagrama aris ideebis, cnebebis, mimarTebebis, konstruqciebis, monacemebis gamartivebuli da struqturire-buli, vizualuri (grafikuli) gamosaxva, romelic, ZiriTadad, sqematur xasiaTs atarebs. misi mTavari daniSnulebaa struq-turis Semadgenel nawilebs Soris mimarTebebis warmoCena, ris gamoc ar aris aucilebeli am elementebis zusti grafikuli asaxva.

diplomi - diplomi (berZ. Diploma – orad gakecili furce-li) aris (1) dadgenili nimuSis mixedviT Sedgenili oficial-uri dokumenti, romelic adasturebs saTanado specialobaSi kvalifikaciis miniWebas (samecniero xarisxi, samecniero wo-deba). diplomi gaicema im umaRlesi saswavleblis mier, ro-melic daamTavra studentma (maZiebelma). diploms xels aw-


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ers reqtori. diplomSi iwereba im fakultetis dasaxeleba, romelic daamTavra studentma da specialoba (specialobebi), romelic mas mieniWa. (2) oficialuri dokumenti, romelic adasturebs piris an dawesebulebis dajildoebas (mag. prezi-dentis stipendiantis diplomi).

direqcia - direqcias Seadgens skolis direqtori, misi moadgile (moadgileebi) da buRalteria. direqciis fun-qciebia: skolis marTva, skolis warmodgena mesame pirTan urT-ierTobaSi, skolis biujetis, Sinaganawesis, saStato ganrigis SemuSaveba sameurveo sabWosTvis warsadgenad, pedagogiur sab-WosTan TanamSromloba saskolo saswavlo gegmis SesamuSave-blad, maswavleblebTan da skolis sxva TanamSromlebTan xelSekrulebis dadebisa da Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa (ix. kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, Tavi VIII).

diskriminacia - diskriminacia aris pirovnebis an pirovnebaTa jgufis uflebebis SezRudva raime niSnis mixedviT (mag. religi-uri, rasobrivi, sqesobrivi, socialuri statusis da a.S.)

erovnuli profesiuli saagento - es aris sajaro samarT-lis iuridiuli piri, romelic profesiuli ganaTlebis regu-lirebis mizniT SeimuSavebs profesiul standartebs da asru-lebs am kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul sxva uflebamosilebebs;

erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centri - erovnu-li saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centri Seiqmna 2006 wlis aprilSi saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier ganaTlebis reformis proeqt ”ilia WavWavaZis” farg-lebSi. centri orientirebulia zogadsaganmanaTleblo sko-lebSi ganaTlebis xarisxis gaumjobesebaze. centris ZiriTadi miznebia:

• erovnuli saswavlo gegmis momzadeba, pilotireba da dan-ergvis xelSewyoba; aseve, saxelobo ganaTlebis saswavlo gegmebis Sedgena, pilotireba da danergva.

• sajaro skolaSi mimdinare saswavlo procesis erovnuli Sefasebebis sistemis SemuSaveba, danergva, erovnuli da


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sxva Sefasebebis ganxorcieleba; • saxelmZRvaneloebis erovnul saswavlo gegmebTan Sesabam-

isobis dadgena da rekomendebuli saxelmZRvanelos gri-fis miniWeba.

eqsterni - eqsterni aris moswavle, romelic eqsternad, eqsternis wesiT swavlobs: saswavlebelSi ar iricxeba da ise abarebs gamocdebs (qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni, t.3, gv. 1477).

vauCeri - vauCeri aris saxelmwifos mier moswavlisaTvis gadacemuli, mimoqcevadi finansuri instrumenti, romelic SeiZleba gamoSvebul iqnas rogorc materializebuli, ise ar-amaterializebuli formiT da romelic gankuTvnilia moswav-lis mier zogadi ganaTlebis miRebis dasafinanseblad. (saqa-rTvelos kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb; muxli 2, l).

saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs sruli zogadi ganaTlebis miRebas. moswavlis ganaTlebis saxelmwifo dafinanseba zoga-dsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi grZeldeba 12 wlis ganmav-lobaSi.

saxelmwifo swavlisaTvis gaweul xarjebs anazRaurebs im skolaSi, romelic axorcielebs dawyebiT an/da sabazo an/da saSualo zogadsaganmanaTleblo programebs. kerZo da sajaro skolaSi swavlebas erT moswavleze gaTvlili finansuri nor-mativis Sesabamisi vauCeriT saxelmwifo daafinansebs mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mas miniWebuli aqvs akreditacia.

saxelmwifos mier moswavlis ganaTlebis dafinanseba saqa-rTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan xorcieldeba erT moswav-leze gaTvlili finansuri normativis Sesabamisi vauCeriT. standartuli da gazrdili vauCerebis odenobebi ganisaz-Rvreba erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli miRwevis donisaTvis maqsimaluri datvirTvis mixedviT, gansxvavebul mdgomareobaSi myof moswavleTa finansuri SesaZleblobebis Sesabamisad, ganaTlebis miRebis uflebis uzrunvelyofaSi Tanasworobis principis dacviT.

zogadi ganaTlebis sistema - es aris erovnuli da saskolo saswavlo gegmebis, maTi ganmaxorcielebeli zogadsaganmana-


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Tleblo dawesebulebebis, im saxelmwifo organoebisa da sa-jaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis erToblioba, romelic uzrunvelyofs zogadi ganaTlebis miRebas.

zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebuleba - es aris sajaro samarT-lis iuridiuli piri, an kerZo samarTlis samewarmeo an arasame-warmeo iuridiuli piri, romelic axorcielebs zogadsaganmana-Tleblo saqmianobas erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sesabamisad da srulad moicavs zogadi ganaTlebis erT safexurs mainc.

TanasworTa swavleba - TanasworTa swavleba maswavlebel-Ta profesiuli ganviTarebis erT-erTi strategiaa, romelic megobruli garemos Seqmnas uzrunvelyofs da maswavleblis profesiul ganviTarebazea orientirebuli. TanasworTa swav-leba maswavleblebs saSualebas aZlevs, erToblivad dagegmon saswavlo programebi, gakveTilebi, ganixilon swavlebisa da swavlis meTodebi, saxelmZRvaneloebi, Catarebuli gakveTile-bi, Sefasebis Sedegebi da erTmaneTs gauwion konsultacia. es strategia maswavleblebs exmareba dasaxuli miznebis miRweva-Si da zrdis maT motivacias.

kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb - „saqarTvelos kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb“ awesrigebs saqarTveloSi zogad-saganmanaTleblo saqmianobis ganxorcielebis pirobebs, zoga-di ganaTlebis marTvisa da dafinansebis principebsa da wess, adgens yvela zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis statuss, maTi dafuZnebis, saqmianobis, reorganizaciis, likvidaciisa da akreditaciis wess, agreTve zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawese-bulebis maswavlebelTa saqmianobis warmarTvis pirobebsa da wesebs.

kanoni miRebulia saqarTvelos parlamentis mier 2005 wlis 8 aprils. gamoqveynebulia „saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo macnes“ 2005 wlis 4 maisis me-20 nomerSi.

klasteri - klaseteri aris saerTo sakiTxebze momuSave maswavleblebis an skolebis araformaluri 4-5 wevriani dajgufeba.


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krediti (evropuli sakredito sistema (ECTS) - krediti aris erTeuli, romelic asaxavs studentis mier sagnis asaT-viseblad Sesasrulebeli samuSaos moculobas, gamoxatuls drois erTeulSi.

ECTS - transferisa da dagrovebis evropuli sakredito sistema (SemdgomSi – evropuli sakredito sistema) studentze orientirebuli sistemaa. misi daniSnulebaa akademiuri dat-virTvis asaxva, romelic students esaWiroeba saswavlo pro-gramis miznebis misaRwevad.

studentis saqmianoba (studentis datvirTva) moicavs:a) leqciebze, seminarebze, praqtikul da laboratoriul

mecadineobebze daswrebas; b) damoukidebel mecadineobas; g) saswavlo, samecniero da sawarmoo praqtikas;d) gamocdebis momzadeba-Cabarebas; e) saswavlo-samecniero naSromze (sakurso naSromi, mox-

seneba konferenciaze, samecniero werili, sapatento ga-nacxadi, sadiplomo naSromi, sabakalavro naSromi, sam-agistro naSromi, sadoqtoro disertacia) muSaobas;

v) saswavlo-samecniero naSromis dacvas da gamoqveynebas.

sakredito sistemis Sesabamisad, studentis datvirTva erTi akademiuri wlis ganmavlobaSi moicavs 60 kredits, rac Seesabameba saswavlo saqmianobis 1500-1800 astronomiul saa-Ts, xolo 1 krediti moicavs studentis saswavlo saqmianobas (studentis datvirTvas) 25-30 astronomiul saaTis ganmav-lobaSi.

umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo programis an/da studentis individualuri saswavlo gegmis Taviseburebebis gaTval-iswinebiT, dasaSvebia studentis wliuri datvirTva aRemate-bodes 60 kredits, an iyos 60 kreditze naklebi.

kreditebis ganawileba xdeba saganmanaTleblo programis yvela komponents Soris (rogoricaa modulebi, kursebi, praq-tika, disertacia da sxv.), misi xangrZlivobis da tipis miuxe-davad.


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krediti asaxavs samuSaos im raodenobas, romelic saWiroa ama Tu im komponentis dasasruleblad, sruli akademiuri wlis ganmavlobaSi umaRlesi akademiuri ganaTlebis TiToeu-li safexurisaTvis.

kreditebis miReba SesaZlebelia mxolod studentis mimarT moTxovnili samuSaos warmatebiT dasrulebis Semdeg da am sa-muSaos dadebiTi Sefasebis SemTxvevaSi.

dauSvebelia studentis semestruli (trimestruli) miRw-evis Sefaseba mxolod semestris (trimestris) bolos Catare-buli gamocdis mixedviT. studentis semestris (trimestris) ganmavlobaSi gaweuli Sromis Sefaseba garkveuli SefardebiT unda iTvaliswinebdes:

a) misi damoukidebeli muSaobis Sefasebas; b) Sua semestrul reitingul Sefasebas; g) semestris (trimestris) saboloo gamocdis Sefasebas. [umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo programebis kreditebiT gaan-

gariSebis wesi, 2006]

licenzireba - “licenzia” (laTinuri sityvaa da niSnavs_”nebarTvas.”) aris administraciuli organos mier adminis-traciuli aqtis safuZvelze pirisaTvis kanoniT dadgenili pi-robebis dakmayofilebis safuZvelze miniWebuli gansazRvruli saqmianobis ganxorcielebis ufleba. Sesabamisad, licenzireba gulisxmobs konkretul sferoSi profesiuli moRvaweobi-saTvis oficialuri nebarTvis miniWebas. saxelmwifo umetes sferoSi profesiuli moRvaweobisaTvis awesebs licenzirebas im mizniT, rom mosaxleoba iyos dazRveuli muSakis arakompe-tenturobisagan. moqalaqeebi licenzirebas gadian profesiu-li ganviTarebis treningebisa da gamocdebis Cabarebis gziT.

saqarTveloSi dadgenilia saqmianobis licenziis 84 saxe da maTgan 4 exeba saganmanaTleblo saqmianobas, kerZod,

• zogadsaganmanaTleblo saqmianobis generaluri licenzia; • damatebiTi profesiuli saganmanaTleblo saqmianobis li-

cenzia;• mSobelTa mzrunvelobas moklebul da SezRuduli Sesa-

Zleblobebis mqone bavSvTa saaRmzrdelo saqmianobis li-cenzia;


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• umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo saqmianobis licenzia. saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro gas-

cems saganmanaTleblo da saaRmzrdelo saqmianobis licen-ziebs. saqarTvelos kanoni saganmanaTleblo da saaRmzrdelo dawesebulebebis saqmianobis licenzirebis Sesaxeb ufro de-talurad gansazRvravs TiToeuli saxis licenziis mopovebis wessa da pirobebs.

magistratura - magistratura aris akademiuri umaRlesi ga-naTlebis meore safexuri, saswavlo programebis erToblioba, romelic aucileblad Seicavs samecniero kvlevis elementebs da miznad isaxavs bakalavris Semdgomi donis specialistis an mkvlevaris momzadebas, agreTve amzadebs pirs miRebuli kvali-fikaciiT muSaobisaTvis;

magistri - magistri aris mflobeli im akademiuri xarisxi-sa, romelic pirs akademiuri umaRlesi ganaTlebis meore safexurisaTvis – magistraturisaTvis dadgenili kreditebis raodenobis aTvisebis Sedegad eniWeba;

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri - maswav-lebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri aris TviT-regu-lirebadi organo, romelic daarsda saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mxardaWeriT 2007 wlis ianvarSi.

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri uzrunve-lyofs maswavleblis profesiis regulirebasa da statusis am-aRlebas, maswavleblis profesiuli codnis, saqmianobis maRal standarts, swavlebisa da swavlis xarisxis mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesebas maswavleblis, moswavleebisa da sazogadoebis sasargeblod.

centri farTo pedagogiur da samecniero sazogadoebasTan TanamSromlobiT amzadebs safuZvlian rekomendaciebs mTavrobi-saTvis maswavleblis profesiasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze.

centris prioritetuli amocanebia:


4�

• profesiuli standartebis Seqmna da ganviTareba; • registraciis, sertificirebisa da akreditaciis siste-

mebis Seqmna; • maswavleblis uwyveti profesiuli ganviTarebis xelSewy-

oba da mimzidveli garemos Seqmna; • komunikaciisa da kvlevis efeqturi saSualebebis ganvi-

Tareba; • centris Camoyalibeba moqnil, efeqtur da efeqtian orga-

nizaciad;

maswavleblis asistenti - maswavleblis asistenti aris umaRles damTavrebuli, saTanado pedagogiuri cenzis armqone piri (romelsac umaRles saswavlebelSi ar aqvs gavlili pedagogiuri ciklis sagnebi), romelic garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi valdebulia, gaiaros skolaSi praqtika, raTa ufleba mieces, Caabaros sasertifikacio gamocdebi.

maswavleblis profesiuli eTikis kodeqsi - maswavlebelTa eTikis kodeqsi gansazRvravs pedagogTa ZiriTad ufleba-mova-leobebs, disciplinuri gadacdomebis saxeebs da, Sesabamis-ad, maTi darRvevis SemTxvevaSi gaTvaliswinebul saxdelebs. es aris saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros moTxovna da miznad isaxavs skolebSi pozitiuri da ganaTlebi-saTvis xelSemwyobi klimatis Seqmnas.

maswavlebelTa eTikis kodeqsis mizania:

• xeli Seuwyos zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi disciplinis damkvidrebas;

• uzrunvelyos moswavleebs, direqcias da skolis sxva TanamSromlebs Soris yvela saxis konfliqtis Tavidan acileba;

• uzrunvelyos pedagogTa misaRebi qcevebi;• gansazRvros saswavlo-aRmzrdelobiTi procesis efeqtu-

rad marTvis meqanizmebi;• gansazRvros saswavlo procesis monawileTa ufleba-

mosilebani.


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maswavleblobis maZiebeli - maswavleblobis maZiebeli aris piri, romelmac dadgenili wesiT gaiara registracia maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrSi da muSaobs zogadsaganmanaTeblo dawesebulebaSi maswavleblis statusis mosapoveblad. zogadsaganmanaTeblo dawesebulebaSi muSaobis periodSi maswavleblobis maZiebeli sargeblobs maswavleb-lisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli TiTqmis yvela uflebiTa da SeRa-vaTiT. SezRudva exeba mxolod Sromis anazRaurebis odenobas (igi dgindeba skolis sameurveo sabWos gadawyvetilebiT) da monawileobas sajaro skolis sameurveo sabWos arCevnebSi. maswavleblobis maZieblis statusiT pirma skolaSi SeiZleba imuSaos ara umetes 2 wlisa (ix. kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Ses-axeb, muxli 21).

matrica - martica aris monacemTa gamosaxvis forma, ro-melic ZiriTadad gamoiyeneba obieqtebis aRsawerad maTi atrib-utebis mixedviT. vizualurad mas aqvs cxrilis saxe, romlis TiToeuli sveti Seesabameba obieqtis calkeul atributs, xolo striqonebi – am atributebis mniSvnelobebs sxvadasxva obieqtebisaTvis. maTematikaSi matrica xSirad gamoiyeneba or-ganzomilebiani ricxviTi monacemebis aRwerisas.

mentori - mentori aris specialurad momzadebuli maswav-lebeli, romelsac SeuZlia daexmaros:

• maswavleblis momzadebaSi CarTul umaRles saganmanaTleb-lo dawesebulebebs saskolo praqtikis kursebis warmarT-vaSi;

• gamosacdel periodSi momuSave instruqtorebs praqtiku-li pedagogiuri Cvevebis Camoyalibebasa da maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrSi warsadgeni rekomenda-ciebis mopovebaSi;

• sxva maswavleblebs profesiul ganviTarebaSi.

miznobrivi jgufi - es aris adamianTa jgufi, romelic garkveuli kriteriumebis mixedviT aris SerCeuli. magaliTad, proeqtis SemTxvevaSi samizne jgufi aris im adamianTa jgufi, visac proeqtis Sedegebi moutans garkveul sargeblobas, anu visTvisac aris gankuTvnili proeqti.


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monacemTa baza - monacemTa baza aris monacemTa struqtu-ruli erToblioba, romlis daniSnulebaa monacemTa Senaxva, modificireba da wakiTxva. es termini ZiriTadad ukavSirdeba eleqtronuli formatis mqone monacemebs, romlebic iqmneba da inaxeba kompiuteruli sistemebis gamoyenebiT. monacemTa bazis struqtura ZiriTadad Seesabameba monacemTa urTierTmimarTe-bas. arsebobs monacemTa bazis sxvadasxva struqtura (magali-Tad: relaciuri, ierarqiuli, obieqtze orientirebuli). maT Soris, dRemde yvelaze gavrcelebulia relaciuri struqtu-ra. am tipis monacemTa bazaSi monacemebi inaxeba cxrilebis erTobliobis saxiT, sadac TiToeuli cxrili Seesabameba erT obieqts. garda amisa igi Seicavs e.w. damxmare cxrilebs, rom-lebic gamosaxavs kavSirebs am obieqtebs Soris.

pedagogika - pedagogika aris mecniereba aRzrdis, swav-lisa da swavlebis miznebis, Sinaarsis, formebisa da meTo-debis Sesaxeb, specialurad organizebuli mizanmimarTuli da sistematuri qmedebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic orientirebulia pirovnebis Camoyalibebaze. pedagogika ikvlevs aRzrdis arssa da kanonzomierebebs, mis struqturas, qmnis saswavlo aRmzrd-elobiTi saqmianobis Teoriebs.

aRzrdis obieqtTa Taviseburebebis da socialuri daniS-nulebis Sinaarsis mixedviT ganasxvaveben pedagogikis Semdeg dargebs:

• zogadi pedagogika - yvela asakobrivi jgufisa da sx-vadasxva tipis saswavleblebisaTvis swavlebisa da aR-zrdis saerTo kanonzomierebebis Seswavla. igi Sedge-ba swavlebis Teoriis (didaqtika), aRzrdis Teoriis, agreTve ganaTlebis organizaciisa da marTvis mecnieru-li safuZvlebisagan.

• asakobrivi pedagogika swavlobs sxvadasxva asakobri-vi jgufebisaTvis specifikuri aRzrdisa da swavlebis kanonzomierebs.

• andropedagogika - Teoria mozrdilTa swavlebis Ses-axeb.

• specialuri pedagogika - SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvebisa da mozardebis swavla-aRzrdis kanonzo-mierebebi.


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• meTodika, anu kerZo didaqtika - calkeuli sagnebis swavlebis miznebi da saSualebebi, mecnieruli Sinaarsis saswavlo Sinaarsad transformireba moswavleTa asako-brivi Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

• socialuri pedagogika swavlobs aRzrdaze socialuri garemos gavlenebs.

pedagogiuri personali - pedagogiuri personali Sedgeba Semdegi pirebisagan: akademiuri personali, maswavlebeli, aR-mzrdeli, aseve is pirebi, romlebic uSualod monawileoben saganamanaTleblo/saaRmzrdelo procesSi.

pedagogiuri sabWo - pedagogiuri sabWo aris skolis mas-wavlebelTa TviTmmarTvelobis umaRlesi arCeviTi organo, romelSic yvela wevri sargeblobs Tanabari xmis uflebiT. pedagogiuri sabWos funqciebia: erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sesabamisi saskolo saswavlo gegmis SemuSaveba da damtkice-ba (sameurveo sabWosTan SeTanxmebiT), saswavlo wlis ganmav-lobaSi gamosayenebeli saxelmZRveneloebis SerCeva, sameurveo sabWoSi warmomadgenlebis mivlena da a.S. (ix. kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, Tavi IX).

profesia - codnis, unar-CvevaTa da kompetenciaTa erTo-blioba, romelTa floba aucilebelia garkveul sferoSi SromiTi saqmianobisaTvis da romelTa SeZena SesaZlebelia swavlis an/da Sesabamis sferoSi saqmianobis Sedegad.

profesiuli ganaTleba - saxelobo an/da profesiuli umaRlesi ganaTlebis mizania piris momavali profesiuli saqmianobisaTvis momzadeba. saqarTveloSi profesiuli gana-Tlebis saxeebia: saxelobo ganaTleba da profesiuli umaR-lesi ganaTleba. saxelobo ganaTlebis miReba SeiZleba zogadi ganaTlebis sabazo safexuris daZlevis, xolo profesiuli umaRlesi ganaTlebisa - mxolod sruli ganaTlebis miRebis safuZvelze. Tavis mxriv, saxelobo ganaTleba SeiZleba iyos formaluri da araformaluri (ixileT saxelobo ganaTleba, umaRlesi profesiuli ganaTleba, formaluri profesiuli ga-naTleba da araformaluri profesiuli ganaTleba).


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profesiuli ganviTareba - profesiuli ganviTareba gu-lisxmobs uwyveti ganaTlebis saSualebiT sakuTari moRvawe-obis sferoSi codnis gaRrmavebasa da unarebis ganviTarebas. igi aseve gulisxmobs pirovnuli ganviTarebisaTvis saWiro zogadi unarebis ganviTarebas.

profesiuli saganmanaTleblo standarti – es aris doku-menti, romelic adgens standartuli saxelobo saganmanaTle-blo programis Seqmnis pirobebsa da wess;

profesiuli standarti – erovnuli profesiuli saagentos mier damtkicebuli, profesiul kvalifikaciaTa CarCos Semad-geneli dokumenti, romliTac gansazRvrulia is profesiuli codna, unar-Cvevebi da kompetenciebi, romlebsac unda flob-des konkretuli profesiis warmomadgeneli;

profesiuli studenti - piri, romelic swavlobs saxelobo saganmanaTleblo programiT;

profesiuli swavlebis centri/profesiuli saganmanaTle-blo dawesebuleba – sajaro an kerZo samarTlis samewarmeo an arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli piri, romelic axorcielebs saxelobo saganmanaTleblo programebs;

sagnobrivi kaTedra - sagnobrivi kaTedra sagnobrivi jgu-fis yvela maswavlebels aerTianebs. kaTedris wevrebi regu-larulad ikribebian (trimestrSi erTxel an ramdenjerme). kaTedris efeqtiani muSaobisTvis kaTedris wevrebi irCeven Tavmjdomares erTi wlis vadiT. sagnobrivi kaTedrebis mTa-vari funqciebia: sagnobrivi jgufis sagnis/sagnebis swavlebis koordinacia, erTmaneTis gamocdilebis gaziareba, warmate-bebis winapirobebis gansazRvra da problemebis gadaWris gze-bis Zieba, saxelmZRvaneloebis SerCeva da sxva.

sameurveo sabWo - sameurveo sabWo aris skolis TviTmmarT-velobis umaRlesi arCeviTi organo. sameurveo sabWo Sedgeba mSoblebisa da pedagogiuri sabWos mier Tanabari raodenobiT,


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3 wliT arCeuli aranakleb 6 da araumetes 12 warmomadgenlisa-gan da saSualo safexuris moswavleTa TviTmmarTvelobis mier arCeuli 1 warmomadgenlisagan. masSi warmomadgenlis wargza-vnis ufleba aqvs saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis sa-ministros saTaTbiro xmis uflebiT. sameurveo sabWos fun-qciebia: skolis direqtoris arCeva, direqciis warmodgenili biujetis damtkiceba, direqciis mier finansebisa da saskolo qonebis gankargvis kontroli, skolis Sinaganawesis damtkice-ba da sxv. (ix. kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, Tavi VII).

saxelobo ganaTleba - es aris profesiuli ganaTlebis saxe, romlis miRebac SeiZleba zogadi ganaTlebis sabazo safexuris dasrulebis Semdeg da romlis mizania sertificirebuli spe-cialistis momzadeba. saxelobo ganaTlebis miReba SeiZleba zogadi ganaTlebis sabazo safexuris daZlevis Semdeg. sax-elobo saganmanaTleblo programebi xorcieldeba profesi-uli swavlebis centrebSi. saxelobo ganaTleba profesiuli swavlebis centrsa da zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebas Soris Sesabamisi xelSekrulebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi Sei-Zleba CaiTvalos erTiani erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sesabam-isi saskolo saswavlo gegmis nawilad. saxelobo ganaTleba SeiZleba iyos formaluri da araformaluri (ixileT form-aluri profesiuli ganaTleba da araformaluri profesiuli ganaTleba).

sertifikati - serTifikati (frang. sertificat, laT. certifico _ vamtkiceb) aris dokumenti, romelic, sazogadod, saqonlis xarisxs amtkicebs. saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi sertifikati eZleva pedagogs kvalifikaciis dadasturebis mizniT. 2009 wlidan saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro iwyebs maswavlebelTa sertificirebis process (maswavleb-lisTvis pedagogiuri saqmianobis ganxorcielebis uflebis miniWeba an/da ganaxleba). maswavleblobis uflebis mopoveba SeeZlebaT ganaTlebis bakalavrebsa da magistrebs skolaSi er-Twliani gamosacdeli perodisa da sasertifikacio gamocdis warmatebiT Cabarebis Semdeg. ganaTlebis bakalavrebs ufleba eqnebaT aswavlon dawyebiT klasebSi, xolo ganaTlebis magis-


49

trebs - dawyebiT, sabazo da saSualo safexurebze. ufro deta-lurad maswavleblTa sertificirebis Sesaxeb ixileT maswav-leblis momzadebisa da profesiuli ganviTarebis koncefcia;

skolis TviTSefasebis sistema - skolis TviTSefasebis sistema aris Tanmimdevrulad gamoyenebuli TviTgamokvlevis meTodi, romlis saSualebiT SesaZlebelia skolis swavleba-swavlis procesis xarisxis gaumjobeseba, skolis Semdgomi ganviTarebis gzebis dasaxva moZiebuli informaciis analizis safuZvelze.

skolis TviTSefasebis sistemis gamoyeneba gulisxmobs

skolis daxmarebas - realurad arsebuli sirTuleebis aR-moCenasa da maTi daZlevis gzebis moZebnas skolis mTavari amo-canebis gadasawyvetad.

skolis TviTSefasebis proceduras axorcielebs special-

uri gundi, romlis Semadgenloba SeiZleba dakompleqtdes sa-ganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis eqspertebiT (ganaTlebis spe-cialisti, skolis fsiqologi, socialuri muSaki da sxv.), romlebic erkvevian yvela saxis saskolo saqmianobaSi, skolis administraciis wevrebiT da sagangebod momzadebuli maswav-lebelTa, moswavleTa da mSobelTa jgufebiT. isini erTo-blivad ikvleven winaswar dagegmil saganmanaTleblo proce-sebs, gansazRvraven skolis saWiroebebs da aseve erToblivad gegmaven momdevno aqtivobebs.

kvlevis sagani SesaZloa gaxdes: saganmanaTleblo progr-

amebis daZlevis, skolis/klasis marTvis/xelmZRvanelobis, fi-nansuri marTvis, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis, mo-swavleTa miRwevebis, moswavleTa Sefasebis sakiTxebi, skolis Sida da skolis gareTa saqmianoba. agreTve, SesaZlebelia Ses-wavlil iqnas saswavlo garemo, moswavleTa movaleobebis/ disciplinis, janmrTelobis, usafrTxoebis dacvis, saskolo cxovrebaSi mSobelTa/ojaxis monawileobis sakiTxebi da sxva.

informacia ikribeba moswavleTa akademiuri warmate-

bebis maCveneblebis, portfolioebis, saskolo dokumentaci-is, interviuebis, dakvirvebis, gamokiTxvebis da sxva saklaso


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gamokvlevebis sxvadasxva raodenobrivi da Tvisebrivi monace-mebis safuZvelze.

skolis TviTSefasebis saboloo produqts warmoadgens

werilobiTi angariSi. Sekrebili masala analizdeba gundis kompetenturi wevrebis mier, romlebic gundis yvela wevr-Tan erTad pasuxismgeblebi arian skolis momavali samoqmedo gegmis SemuSavebaze.

skolis Sinaganawesi - es aris skolis mier SemuSavebuli

wesebisa da qcevis kodeqsi, romelsac unda icnobdes da emor-Cilebodes skolis TiToeuli TanamSromeli da moswavle.

umaRlesi profesiuli ganaTleba - es aris profesiuli ga-

naTlebis saxe, romlis miRebac SeiZleba sruli zogadi gana-Tlebis safuZvelze. profesiuli umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo programis aTvisebis Sedegad gaicema profesiuli umaRlesi ganaTlebis damadasturebeli specialistis diplomi. profe-siuli umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo programebi SeiZleba ganx-orcieldes rogorc zogadsaganmanaTleblo, aseve umaRles sa-ganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi.

uwyveti ganaTleba - uwyveti ganaTleba aris farTo cneba,

romelic moicavs saSualo skolis damTavrebis Semdeg saswav-lo aqtivobebisa da programebis farTo speqtrs. aseTi aqtivo-bebi da programebi SeiZleba iyos Semdegi: nawilobriv ganakve-Tze myofi studentebisaTvis saswavlo programebi sxvadasxva xarisxis mosapoveblad; profesiuli codnis amaRlebis kurse-bi, romlebic ar iTvaliswinebs raime xarisxis mopovebas; TanamSromlebis treningi; piradi ganviTarebis oficialuri kursebi (rogorc saswavlo dawesebulebebSi, aseve internetis saSualebiT) da sxv.

fokus-jgufi (fokusirebuli diskusia) - es aris jgufuri

intervius meTodi, romlis dros erTdroulad ramdenime re-spondents vesaubrebiT da Cveni mizania, xeli SevuwyoT maT So-ris azrTa gacvlas (aqedan gamomdinareobs am meTodis kidev erTi dasaxeleba – “jgufuri diskusia”). Tanamedrove fokus-jgufebis uSualo winamorbedad socialur mecnierebebSi


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amerikeli sociologis robert mertonis (Merton, 1910 – 2003), da misi kolegebis mier meore msoflio omis dros SemuSave-buli “fokusirebuli intervius” meTodi iTvleba.

fokus-jgufis Catareba seriozul momzadebas moiTxovs, rac gulisxmobs Temis winaswar Seswavlas, gamokvlevis pro-gramis da sadiskusio gegmis SemuSavebas (dasasmeli kiTxvebis winaswar momzadebas), agreTve, diskusiis Catarebis teqnikuri mxareebis uzrunvelyofas. fokus-jgufis dros warmoqmnili diskusiebis Sedegad ukeT vlindeba respondentebis damokideb-uleba garkveuli socialuri problemebisadmi, maTi fsiqolo-giuri ganwyobebi da emociuri Sefasebebi, romlebic xSirad arc aris gacnobierebuli respondentebis mier.

rogorc wesi, fokus-jgufis monawileebs specialuri kri-teriumebis safuZvelze arCeven, es kriteriumebi ki gamokv-levis amocanebiTaa ganpirobebuli. upirvelesi moTxovna monawileTa SerCevisadmi isaa, rom isini kargad unda erkveod-nen im sakiTxSi, romelsac fokus-jgufi eZRvneba.

fokus-jgufis monawileTa raodenoba 8-dan 10-mde meryeobs, Tumca zog SemTxvevaSi respondentTa minimaluri raodenoba SeiZleba 5-6 iyos, xolo maqsimaluri – 12. respondentTa ra-odenobis mkacri SezRudva aucilebelia, raTa fokus-jgufis msvlelobisas mis yvela monawiles mieces Tavisi azris Ta-visuflad da srulad gamoTqmis saSualeba. Tu es piroba ar sruldeba, fokus-jgufi ver aRwevs Tavis mizans.

fokus-jgufis warmatebas didwilad gansazRvravs jgu-fis wamyvani anu moderatori (ix. agreTve moderatori). mod-eratoris mier fokus-jgufis Catarebis stili SeiZleba iyos rogorc mkacri, aseve liberaluri. ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi, rogorc wesi, saqme gvaqvs gamocdil moderatorTan, vinaid-an respondentebis moCvenebiTi Tavisuflebis miuxedavad, man mainc unda akontrolos diskusiis msvleloba da unda miiRos pasuxebi dasmul kvleviT kiTxvebze.

yovelTvis xdeba fokus-jgufis dros gamarTuli saubris audio- da/an videoCawera, ris Sesaxebac respondentebi winas-war unda iyvnen gafrTxilebulni. ra Tqma unda, am SemTxvevaSi uzrunvelyofili unda iqnes maTi konfidencialoba.

fokus-jgufis xangrZlivoba, rogorc wesi, saaTnaxevridan


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or saaTamdea; Sesvenebis gakeTeba fokus-jgufis mimdinareobis dros ar aris mizanSewonili. erTi kvleviTi proeqtis far-glebSi, rogorc wesi, ramdenime fokus-jgufi tardeba, rom-lebic xSirad gansxvavdeba monawileTa maCveneblebis mixed-viT (qalebi; mamakacebi; sxvadasxva asakobrivi an profesiuli jgufi);

fokus-jgufebi kargad uTavsdeba kvlevis sxva meTodebs, ami-tom xSirad gamoiyeneba farTomasStabian proeqtebSi sxva meTo-debTan, maT Soris gamokiTxvasTan erTad. ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi, fokus-jgufebis Sedegad miRebuli Tvisebrivi informacia, ro-gorc wesi, amdidrebs raodenobriv Sedegebs. aRsaniSnavia, agreTve isic, rom farTo gamokiTxvebTan SedarebiT fokus-jgufebis Cat-areba nakleb dros moiTxovs da damkveTs gacilebiT ufro iafi ujdeba, vidre sxva tipis kvlevis Catareba.

formaluri profesiuli ganaTleba - formaluri profesi-

uli ganaTleba moicavs Teoriul da praqtikul swavlebas da sruldeba Sesabamisi kvalifikaciis miniWebiT an SecvliT da Sesabamisi ganaTlebis damadasturebeli dokumentis gacemiT. formaluri profesiuli ganaTlebis miReba xdeba profesiuli swavlebis ganmaxorcielebel akreditebul saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi, struqturirebul garemoSi.

SemTxvevis analizi (Seswavla) - SemTxvevis Seswavla aris

Tvisebrivi kvlevis meTodi da aseve, zogadad, kvleviTi strate-gia, romlis mizania calkeuli fenomenis empiriuli Seswavla realur cxovrebiseul situaciaSi sxvadasxva wyaroebis gam-oyenebiT (Yin, 1994). SemTxvevis Seswavla farTod gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva sferoebSi, magaliTad, pedagogika, medicina, Jur-nalistika, anTropologia, fsiqologia da sxva.

SemTxvevis Seswavla SeiZleba moicavdes rogorc erTi ada-

mianis SemTxvevis Seswavlas, aseve jgufebis, organizaciebis, garkveuli Temis, movlenis an urTieTobebis Seswavlas. ker-Zod,

1. individis Seswavla- moicavs individis SemTxevis Seswav-

las. magaliTad, konkretuli bavSvis metyvelebis an qce-vis Seswavla.


5�

2. jgufebis Seswavla - misi mizania jgufis (mag: ojaxi) wevrebs Soris urTierTobis da aqtivobebis aRwera da Seswavla.

3. Temis Seswavla - fukusi keTdeba erT an ramodenime Temze. mizania cxovrebis ZiriTadi aspeqtebis Seswavla (Sroma, dasveneba, ojaxuri cxovreba, saskolo cxovreba), wevrebs Soris urTierTmimarTebis aRwera da da sxva.

4. organizaciis da institutebis Seswavla - skolebis, firmebis, savaWro dawesebulebebis da a.S. Seswavla. fokusirebulia SromiT saqmianobebis, menejmentis, orga-nizaciis kulturis Seswavlaze da a.S.

5. movlenebis, rolebis da urTierTobebis Seswavla - mag-aliTad, Seiswavlis maswavlebelsa da moswavles Soris urTierTobas, raRaca SemTxvevas, danaSaulis raime for-mas, rolebis konfliqts;

SemTxvevis Seswavla gulisxmobs movlenaTa detaluri aRweras, igi agreTve moicavs mis axsnas da interpretacias garkveul TeoriebTan mimarTebis dadgenis safuZvelze, Tumca aucilebelia faqtebis da mis Sedegad gakeTebuli daskvnebis erTmaneTisgan mkafiod gamocalkeveba, sxva sityvebiT, naTlad unda Candes sad aris faqti da sad avtoriseuli varaudi.


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