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Bitms ib;

_MGEMBPM@ WII@P]TBCBG

EFPNMEFPCOFL AITE]LF_ FB@ OIBOMZP_;

 F ocrolm oibtfcbs ?1:º

Ocroueamrmbom 5 @cfemtmr  x π .?"6061#

@cfemtmr  5 Ocroueamrmbom ∝   π .?"6061#

_mgembt lmbgtn 5 Ocroueamrmbom ∝   Buedmr ia smgembts

_mgembt Fbglm 5 ?1: ∝   .4 x tnm Buedmr ia smgembts#

Buedmr ia rmqucrm` smgembts 5 Ocroueamrmbom ∝   _mgembt lmbgtn

.Buedmr ia smgembts x _mgembt lmbgtn# ∝   π .?"6061# 5 @cfemtmr 

OFLO]LFPCBG OIEZI]B@ ECPMT_;.uscbg f ofloulftir wctn trcg aubotcibs#

Ectmr Fbglm .EF# 5 cbvmrsm tfb 6هش ÷ {ois_ • tfbX?1: ÷ .4B#U}خش

Dlf`m Fbglm .DF# 5 cbvmrsm tfb .oisEF • tfb_#

EF cs tnm ectmr fbglm_ cs tnm slipm ia tnm vmssml .emfsurm` arie nirczibtfl ti sc`m#

DF cs tnm sfw dlf`m fbglm .tnm dmvml out#

B cs tnm buedmr ia stfvms

OIB_PT]OPCIB IA ZLFPIBCO _ILC@_;_nfpm Ectmr FbglmPmtrfnm`rib .f aire duclt arie aiur trcfbglms# =0"7?=º

Nmxfnm`rib .f scx%sc`m` oudm# 0=":::ºIotfnm`rib .f aire duclt arie mcgnt trcfbglms# ?="410º

Coisfnm`rib .f spnmrcofl aire duclt arie twmbty trcfbglms# 4:"3:=º@i`mofnm`rib .f spnmrcofl aire duclt arie twmlvm pmbtfgibs# ?6"767º

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_mgembtm` Purbcbg @mei Nfb`iut  Efloile Pcddmtts ‟ pfgm 4 ia 1 

QM__ML D]CL@CBG DF_CO_;% @rfw snfpm acrst, uscbg mctnmr grfpn pfpmr ir oieputmr"% Ivmrlfy rmotfbglms ti rmprmsmbt rcbg lfymrs"% Ivmrlfy sefllmr rmotfbglms ti rmprmsmbt smgembt wc`tns"

% Ofloulftm smgembt lmbgtns ..@ x ?"6061# ÷ / ia smgembts#"% Ca tnm vmssml nfs efby lfymrs, ormftm f “outtcbg lcst―"% Ecll yiur wii` ti oibscstmbt `cembscibs prcir ti outtcbg tnm

smgembts"% Out wc`mst smgembts acrst ti oibsmrvm wii`"% _fb` smgembt mb`s .ir `ib–t, ct–s up ti yiu#"% Glum rcbgs tigmtnmr uscbg mctnmr “rud kicbt― ir “nfla rcbg― emtni`"

% Ducl` dfsm rcbg .ca tnm dfsm `cfemtmr cs lfrgmr tnfb 4 µ―, oibsc`mr uscbg f “aliftcbg― dfsm#"

% _tfoh lfecbftm rcbgs “ibm ft f tcem― ti cbsurm ombtmrcbg"% ]sm f alft sfb`cbg dlioh prcir ti glucbg bmxt rcbg cb tnm

oibstruotcib"% Oibsc`mr ducl`cbg tnm vmssml arie ditn `crmotcibs ft tnm sfem

tcem fb` tnmb kicbcbg tnm twi nflvms"% Tiugn turb fs yiu stfoh, dut efcbtfcb plmbty ia wfll tncohbmss

ubtcl yiu nfvm `mtmrecbm` tnm acbfl snfpm"

% ]sm efshcbg tfpm dfrrcmr ti fvic` glum sqummzm%iutoibtfecbftcib ib cbsc̀ m `urcbg tnm kicbcbg ia twi nflvms"

% _fb` ti ft lmfst 0::%grct, rmvmrsm%eiubt, acbcsn fb` scgb dittie"

% _mfl wctn plmbty ia pritmotcib ti ecbceczm wii` eivmembt"

Tmemedmr…

% ]sm ibly `ry wii` .ub`mr 6:- eicsturm oibtmbt#"% Fvic` cbtmrsmotcibs libgmr tnfb 6― ia ippiscbg wii` grfcb

ircmbtftcib .snirtmr ca pisscdlm#"

% Flwfys oibsc`mr tnm snfpm fs tnm eist cepirtfbt `mscgb mlmembt.eirm cepirtfbt tnfb wii` typm, oilir oiedcbftcibs, mto#"

% Bmvmr glum twi surafoms tigmtnmr tnft `i bit act pmramotly fb`

rmemedmr, f sfb`m` kicbt wcll usuflly dm stribgmr fb` nfvm fdmttmr fppmfrfbom"

% @i bit rmsirt ti “acllcbg― f kicbt cepmramotcib8 rm%`i ir rmplfom fs

bmomssfry" Pnm `mamot wcll usuflly sniw fb` yiu wcllcbmvctfdly rmgrmt tnm lfoh ia pmramotcib lftmr"

% Fvic` fb fdub`fbom ia “icly wii` ti icly wii`― glum kicbts"

% Hmmp, fb` cbaire itnmrs ti hmmp yiur turbcbgs arie mxomsscvmmxpisurm ti `crmot sublcgnt"

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_mgembtm` Purbcbg @mei Nfb`iut  Efloile Pcddmtts ‟ pfgm ? ia 1 

F _FEZLM @TFWCBG;

F _FEZLM O]PPCBG LC_P;

Tcbg Tcbg Ectmr Buedmr ia Wc`tn ia Nmcgnt ia L mbgtn ia Wii` D ifr`

Buedmr @cfemtmr+ Fbglm _mgembts _mgembts+ _mgembts+ _mgembts+ Pypm Lmbgtn++

6 ="11 6> » 6: 6"=: :"0: 6"7> mdiby 6>

4 1"?? 6> » 6: 6"=: :"6? 6"33 nilly 4:? >">? 3 » 4: 4"=: :">: 6"?3 dudcbgf 4>

0 66":: 3 » 4: 4"6? :">: 6"7? dudcbgf ?=

= 64"=: 3 » 4: 6"13 :">: 6"31 dudcbgf ?3

1 64"7= 3 » 4: 6":: :"6? 4":: nilly 0:

7 64"7= 3 » 4: 6":: :"63 4":: mdiby 0:

AMFP]TM 64">> 6> » 6: :">> 6"1? b)f b)f b)f

3 64"1? 3 » 4: 6"43 :"63 6"3> mdiby 0:

6: 64"?6 3 » 4: 6"43 :"6? 6"3? nilly ?3

66 64":: 3 » 4: ?"00 :">: 6">3 dudcbgf ?>

64 >":: 3 » 4: 4"1? :">: 6"41 dudcbgf 4=

6? 0"66 6> » 6: 6":: :"6? 6"43 nilly 6?

60 ?"7> 6> » 6: :"3: :"0: 6"63 mdiby 64

+ fll acgurms rmprmsmbt cbonms

++riugn mstceftm dfsm` ib tnm lmbgtn ia smgembts tcems tnm buedmr ia smgembts

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_mgembtm` Purbcbg @mei Nfb`iut  Efloile Pcddmtts ‟ pfgm 0 ia 1 

Zmb Dlfbh Diwl Znitis

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_mgembtm` Purbcbg @mei Nfb`iut  Efloile Pcddmtts ‟ pfgm = ia 1 

Onmohmrm` Nilliw Aires

Pncs tmonbcqum ofb dm f`fptm` ti efby sczms fb` snfpms, dut tnm dfsco priom`urms rmefcb

tnm sfem,

6" _mlmot twi wii`s wctn gii` oibtrfst .f lcgnt oilir fb` f `frh oilir#" Eirmtnfb twi oilirs wcll flsi wirh ca yiu flcgb tnm pcmoms fppriprcftmly"

4" Ecll fb mqufl buedmr ia c`mbtcoflly `cembscibm` strcps ia mfon wii`" Ibomfgfcb, vfrcftcibs cb wc`tn wcll wirh ca tnmy frm fssmedlm` cb tnm oirrmot ir`mr"Air yiur acrst fttmept ft tncs tmonbcqum, C suggmst hmmpcbg tncbgs sceplm wctn

 kust twi `caamrmbt wii`s, ecllm` fll tnm sfem tncohbmss .vmry cepirtfbt#"

?" Glum tigmtnmr strcps cbti f “outtcbg difr̀ ― stylm lfecbftcib" Cb gmbmrfl, tnm

lfecbftcib sniul` dm fdiut ? ir 0 tcems libgmr tnfb cts wc`tn"

0" Olmfb up tnm lfecbftcib"

=" Pncs stmp cs iptcibfl" Tm%sfw tnm lfecbftcib.s# lmbgtnwcsm fb` olmfb tnme upcbti c`mbtcofl tncbbmr lfecbftcibs" Ca yiu shcp tncs stmp, yiur vmssml wcll kustnfvm tfllmr cb`cvc`ufl lfymrs"

1" ]scbg tnm acbfl wc`tn fb` tncohbmss ia yiur lfecbftcib.s#, `mscgb f vmssmlsnfpm" Pnm nmcgnt ia yiur vmssml sniul` dm f eultcplm ia yiur lfecbftcibtncohbmss" Air mxfeplm, ca yiur lfecbftcib.s# cs µ― tncoh, yiur vmssml ecgnt

 dm 6: lfymrs tfll ir =― tfll" Pnm wc`tn ia yiur lfecbftcib wcll `mtmrecbm tnmefxceue `cfemtmr ia yiur `mscgb"

7" ]sm f oiepfss fb` `rfw ocrolms ib yiur lfecbftcib.s# dmcbg vmry ofrmaul ti

 plfom tnm picbt ia tnm oiepfss prmocsmly cbti tnm ec``lm smfe ia yiur lfecbftcib"

>" ]scbg f dfb`sfw, out `csos arie yiur lfecbftcib.s#"

3" ]sm f oiepfss ti trfbsamr c̀femtmrs arie yiur pfpmr m̀scgb ti tnm c̀sos"

6:" Zlfom `iudlm%sc`m` tfpm ib tnm ippisctm sc`m ia tnm `cso fb` tnmb uscbg yiur lftnm tfclstioh–s oibm ombtmr, pisctcib tnm `csos ibti f dfohcbg plftm ib yiur lftnm" Dm mxtrf ofrmaul ti pisctcib tnm `cso fs ombtmrm` fs pisscdlm ibti tnm

 dfohcbg plftm"

66" ]sm f tncb pfrtcbg tiil ti out cb`cvc`ufl rcbgs arie tnm `cso.s#" Zlfom tnm out`cso ibti yiur `mscgb dlumprcbt fb` oibacre tnft yiu nfvm tnm oirrmot iutsc`m

fb` cbsc`m `cfemtmrs air mfon rcbg" Ct–s f gii` c`mf ti lfdml tnm `csos dmairmtncbgs dmoiem oibauscbg"

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_mgembtm` Purbcbg @mei Nfb`iut  Efloile Pcddmtts ‟ pfgm 1 ia 1 

64" ]scbg yiur tfclstioh–s oibm ombtmr, glum tnm dfsm `cso ibti f wfstm dlioh" @i

tnm sfem tncbg wctn tnm tip `cso ibti fbitnmr wfstm dlioh"

6?" Prum up tnmsm `csos fb` priomm` ti f`` eirm rcbgs" Siu efy wfbt ti kicb twi

rcbgs tigmtnmr cb ir`mr ti spmm` up tnm fssmedly priomss" ]sm f efgbcacmr ti

cbspmot tnm smfe cbtmrsmotcibs" Siu sniul` ibly nfvm ti aious ib tnm twi mb`grfcb sc`ms8 tnm itnmr cbtmrsmotcibs sniul` lcbm up futieftcoflly"

60" Fs yiu stfoh lfecbftm tnm rcbgs cbti tnm vmssml snfpm, `i f ecbceue feiubtia turbcbg" Hmmp tnm vmssml wfll fs tncoh fs pisscdlm ubtcl eist ia tnmfssmedly cs oieplmtm`"

6=" Kicb fll rcbgs ti aire twi nflvms ia tnm vmssml" Pnm acbfl smfe lioftcib cs yiur onicom" C usuflly lioftm ey acbfl smfe kust fdivm tnm ombtmr lcbm"

61" Cb`cvc`uflly turb tnm iutsc`m ia mfon nfla" Armqumbtly nil` tnm twi nflvmstigmtnmr cb ir`mr ti `mtmrecbm fb` ormftm tnm eist plmfscbg priaclm"

67" Purb tnm cbsc̀ ms ormftcbg f oibscstmbt wfll tncohbmss"

6>" Tmeivm tnm tip nfla arie cts wfstm dlioh" F pfrtcbg tiil wirhs"

63" ]scbg yiur tfclstioh oibm fs f ombtmrcbg `mvcom, glum tnm twi nflvms tigmtnmr"

4:" Acbcsn turb tnm iutsc m̀ priaclm"

46" Fpply sfb`cbg smflmr .ir priomm` wctn yiur afvirctm acbcsncbg priomss#"

44" _orfpm sfb`cbg smflmr iaa fb` fpply fbitnmr oift" Tmpmft fs bmomssfry ti aclltnm wii` pirms"

4?" Fatmr sorfpcbg tnm lfst oift ia sfb`cbg smflmr, priomm` ti sfb` tnm vmssml"

40" Fpply acbcsn oifts ia yiur onicom"

4=" Tmeivm vmssml arie wfstm dlioh fb` acbcsn tnm ub`mrsc`m"

41" _cgb yiur wirh"

47" Nfvm aub&