~OT CROSS CRIME SCENE • DO NOT CROSS CRIME se

2

Exploración de hidrocarburos

Trabajo de Campo

Análisis de Laboratorio

Y una vez resuelto el miste

•

r10 • • •

TJ1é11:u·diré ~Oer 1nir:tbilhe de¡)()slc,. tts tt t ool di.ui:.re í.udkMto1· iu

tb<' gt'olo¡;tlu.l 1-erord: low<'r 2\llO<'t'll<' of ctDO'l\I S¡Htln

111. J, H~"""'', t f, I~"'Y' • "'1 ll. C. $(hnibt1; 1~dt1'ur:ilopty~f111:.~~1111.l·ar.'S'Wdücap:ul1111W~ C-<JoieAll!llMN~:!.~11>10~~ :0ep1tmo!llloí~""SJotoi:or~ U"'"''~ 'l'l"'ub~mi.$t!olllf.. W!. SISl9;\.t;"$,\

P~e-.'f>:: U My » t.t-!\1Nilbedi:IC1ua p.:17.~: 11 -~.!(.~2Ctj R,.,._,¡ 17ti..,."'ob<t ;>014-,0,.·r.i .... Mti"""11"" ;<ll .f - P11~.t H t1-)1tlU

~rch

-

Exploración de hidrocarburos

Petroleum System Elements and Processes

HETEROGENEITY > SCALES -~1

Rffef'Yolr betttogenity 1 f 11 ¡ } . • -¡! H ¡ I :iJ _ ... , ••

... ..... -... ""'' • • • ti ......... .ti • • • t ,.., ..... •

• •• •• • t

~ =:::r,.~ O""l'llCl.if't • • •

HETEROGENEITY > CHARACTERIZATION > FLOW UNITS

DATA USED TO DEFINE FLOW UNITS

Cor e

Pet rophysical Data Gamma

Ray Flow Uníts

lf your 1 foot sectlon is helerolithic, wherewill the plug be takenfrom?

(\RAIOt=O

ZM8 lt'l(l!!lff18l'UI et\ una bnur11 f.-.gou O"*lll(.m;dtlaty '\iWldl.,e.)

¡.-'!. '·· # •• .,.,., . t. a-:' "" •• j¡(.

l .~; •; I _, ~ ........

t • •• .... . . ~·-, ~.

•·

I ., .. '/. ·; ".,.

!· .,

. •

.. ....

.. ~. ~

• • • ,.

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• .... .... >

*'

. 't ,..,

• •; .

• . • .

~ .. ..

• •

.. .. • •

• \. f

J .¿

J. Arribes, 2010

1 PRIMARV MIGRATION

Similar to previous;

Oil generation & expulsion from kerogen (Momper, 1981)

llJ Fingerprinting of Hydrocarb1

•

d from Tissot & .978, Fig. 11.6.2

1

Gas Chromatography Used to Detect Abundance of Hydrocarbon Compounds

C25 Cl5

C20

J ~ ..

:! ! f

.l .1 ... l M .. ,., . -Time -

100 I' r..~----·· ···········- AllAtredl 1 0 . SJ.·· a4 O + Realdu.U.

o so 100 150 200 250 lOO

C30

b

Chromatogram e high-wax oil of terrestrial origin

From Wa11les n11d Curínle.1999

1001' / ""'"'"'::d o• ~--·····--··· .. ¡·i+"' o so 100 150 200 2SO 300

1000 _________ _

tOOOr------;:====;i 900 'iAHGVAS AAfA

800 ,& OS3'Yald- Fm

• DS1•2-Mllg;lllo fm

700 Type 11

600

500

400

300

200 Type tll

c=._Allcrodl 100

o ...... .... • Residua

o so 100 150 200 250 300

Oxygen tndex (Ol:mg COllg TOC)

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

o o

Typel

Type 11

EHCISO AAEA

ºº~"' V osr ... .,.,."" • 057-&oooO.

Q>OS1-G<

50 100 150 200 250 300

O•ygen lndex (Ol·mg COi/g TOC)

35_.-------....:Typelll

...... .......... ... .................... Altered/

O &a..._.a::•:.a--~·:.,__,;R~c=• ld~un~I o 50 100 150 200 250 300

400

300

Type rll

~l~redl • RestduaJ

100

o o 50 100 150 200 250 300

Oxygen 1ndex (Ol:mg CO;;Jg TOC)

e:-~ u .. ..t .. . _ ... _ --..1 ..... ,_,._: .... .J ..... 4'-•- ... 1 ....... ..1 ... _ - __ .... ..t- ,, __ v ... - . .... 1 ... . .. ..1:- - .. -- tl ..... - e ...... ; ..... I:~ .... ... 1 itl\OC\

Van Krevelen Diagram

l 1•11.tMli!YMIGIWIOH Oil generation & expulsion from kerogen (Momper, 1981)

0.10 0.20 Q.lO

AtomicO/C

Pnneiple prOdui:ta ol "'9rogen evolutoon

D D • C02. H20, Oil Gas 019anic Acid•

llJ Fingerprinting of Hydrocarb•

Gas Chromatography Used to Detect Abundance o1 Hydrocarbon Compounds

11

/1

i J

= 1

j 1 ~J~~ Chromatogram e h1gh-wax 011 of terrestrial origin

--Tilk -

"'11 '~----·· --------.. ·--1 o v •• Q. 11-...1

" oo mo ·so :11:.o 2so :io:i

""I' / ····-~ o •~---····~·· .... ¡ ..... : OSO IQ{l1~<'0)2..C(l~!(I

• Amount of oil generated by Type 111 is small ::-;~,·;,-;.;~~

Similar to previous;

,....~, .. ,,_ 100 ' ( ··-···-··-· .... ···· M>o""'1 e • a .,_~,,. ()~ 100'.!11) ~1~ !9)0

~: ',L-~->C~O-;~-~-.-,~w"""..,

0~',9tll hl .. ¡Ol:lfl9 CO..~ TOCO

.................

ATC Almacén Temporal Centralizado

de Residuos Nucleares

r 1,

--~=-·- "lo\una\aa<!. ae-3' 00 6óo Mts. CajaNº

Sm

r1 1 \ ... 1 ! i t

~ 1 j j \ ... y.:· V \ sm,:n

~il/~Q

SINTOXAO

cC:::

2·Theia·S<alG laDir«oxAQfT·n. •lfOllAQfT- '""' t'l\\1'1.-... . t .... &ooo "M o.ooo . ....,omo ·.s .... ., .... r-.z~~-n .. s.,....,>h·2·~>.0CO··''-• 1.Gl)>•·f.iN o.GO··"' o.oo Opt..,bol,_ j¡atmuc...on ..... 11Ma.M:1TJ.1w ~tTt."lh-... il:llCllOCIO '"'° •• IMJ>O.GQO• •ctr• O.h fW\'G, IS<:fl'I-• TNNMd.:14 .. &T,_ !.tlln• ~ lbXI CN O.M• fl'O'ObO Opt..r--.·•-QWfoxA«D nta.JJOXN:IUJ-~ 21h1'h-- IWlillDO W llOOO ... OMO • --u· T.-.o.U<:AMll(I T-~''' 21t*A.Uf'O• l,_um• C:Nt.(IO fot40.0

C.•111•• ....

Brine dilution-concentration cycles in a continental gypsum sequence: mineralogical and textural results

J. Escavy, M.J. Herrero and J. Arribas Departamento de Petrología y Geoquímica, Fac. CC. Geológicas, UCM. Madrid

~ IMS2015

Geological setting The research herein presented concerns the depositional systems and cyclicity of the Miocene evaporite units found in the "Sinclinal de Villar de Cañas", located withín the loranca Basín (westernmost part of the Tajo Basín, Spaín).

O • f 1 ..-"-- " The ofdest materi~I are epOSI IOna S~Uen~~ ~ ...;~ alluvial fans (Tl, unit UI).

1 • ;_-.;;::;: :~ ~- """ The alluvicif fan :---..:::.- _... .....-1··--~~ i¡::::::. - _ ~ ~ retrogrades and ft;irms ~ - · ~ 2--.~' marsh lacustrine

116'-~ envTronmcnts (12) . . ~< ~""" ~TI

Saline lake (T3) ~ high salinity peaks ~~,;.i­durin great aridity.

T4 ta T5 formed by cycles of dilution-concentration within a perennlal lake. Toward~ the top

hlSher humldh'/.

Final new progradation of •llWlll fan deposits lndlls a ... (S

lh• ....,,., ......... petmit to charadlnla dllutlon­<:oncentl'lltlon ~ that eompote die evlPOl'ltlc middle Súbunlt. lhe characteriation al these q1Cles in the seologlcal record appear as a good indicator of shallow water depth and climate control over the geochemlcal c:haracter of the brine.

J;lt "' "º"" Stratigraphy

KRAKOW. POI.ANO 22-25 JUNE 20 15

The evaporitic sequence has a total thickness of about 120 m and is divided into t hree subunits

YB3: The uppcrmost ev~poritic subunit is characterized by an alternation of shale and primary gypsum beds, ancl in this case the dílution­conccntration cyclcs start with thc entrancc into thc basin of detritic materials transported by water that produced the difulion of the brinc.

YB2: The second subunit is composed mainly of primary gypsum deposits where severa! brine dilution-concentratíon sequences occur. Each sequence revea Is a basal d ilution surface a nd a marked cryslal fin ning u pwards trend produced by the brine progressive concentration.

YBl: The lower is composed by an alternatíon of shales, secondary gypsum, and anhydrite deposits wíth some sodium sulphate minerals.

Correlation

Concreciones en edificio de San Sebastian

The mortar composition is 83 % CaC03, 5% of quartz and 6% phyllosilicates, and 6% calcium hydroxide in the form of ettringite

lt is a combination of Portland cement, water and graded sand

The combination of higher water content with higher temperature increases the ammount of organism. Those layers appear as well as the thicker and better developed. Therefore, there is a direct relationship between temperature, organic matter content and carbonate precipitation rate

1

Análisis de Actividad de Fallas

@ Plcístorcnc c~Jcrc•c dc¡iosUs rrom soutbtrr• S1>•i• as iodicators 1::7>. of climatic conditions otnd tecconic adh•itv Vil"

.;~ ~.'#"~" "'.:'"~:.=::::=;:~";.:;:.~~~::~~(.~~·=;;:.·l•

...... .._ . .._ .. _"'"'_ ... __ ...... _ ... _ ...................... _ ...... . ~~ ;;=~=.:~~ .. -;;.~

l 8448. UPPER PLEISTOCENE- HOLOCENE ACTIVITY OF THE CARRASCOY FAULT (MURCIA, SE SPAIN): PRELIMINARY RESUL TS FROM PALEOSISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH

.. art1n·BalKla. fl ·. Garc1a Ma)'Of'domo, J-l . lnsua•Ar~valo, J M ', Salazar, A i . Rodr19u~·Escudero, E '· Alllare.z:-Gorftez. JA'. Martk>u-Oia.t. J . .J '. Hflfnl<'O. M J.4. ~.A' l ~ ~o .. ~.,,. •• W...-v1 .. .,...utt~ti~, ........... ...,.."' ·~ft'I·· ................... vC.n\ n. ,.-...,......_.,,. ............... "' ... 2 --·~~ .. &i.r~tKMfU ... ., ..... ~ ... ~ .............. Nilllllü ....... ML J ai..*' ~, ...... c......_"""',y A,, h)l'lltJJ""'t11Utu..,.Mt' e' ....... ¡,p. ... ~ "tl'dr~ n 4 0.-. ol flV~ C4wftp.......,tM\a1,.........,<l!I 4111 ... i<I e,..."' ...,,.., ..... "'"' S ~ oil ~ ~-~td Uft ·-----411

FAULI.JRACE MAPPING

/

r

NEW SEGMENTATION Of CAf

A. 1 V _. "°" ,.~ '""° t• --~...,... ......,_ ...,._.. u.._. ~•· ,..,,.--.....,. ,c..,., •. "- --- ....... 1\ ,... ... .. nHStl1 '"" T ... ~ -'"" • -. ' ~ ""' ... -.., .,.. ... di. "'-- ~-..... ~ ...... -..¡ --- to"Olt' ~ -.. -.~ ·r,,_f arda.._~ w-ra 'CCillNd ~~ .......

PALEOSEISMIC STUDY OF CN·f SEGMENT

........ '•~ ....._.Z ... ""' ......... ~ t-= "'~ 44 a:n.,. N t.,_P ~ ,,__.,, .,_" ~ ~ ............. ~ .................. ..-...c ......... ..,, ........................... tJrt,......., 0.-,Mf ......... l .... -...CMtot 4°"'•

...... ,..,.:o"T'1t-, _....,..._ ... ~.-C:#' , ... ~.11~-.c.. ... r. .. ~ f'lit ....... 1 ....... ~ , ........... , ......... ., ,.....,.~ #t • ... c.. .,. e.J;» " .,. ,.,......., ..... ,~ ..... ,

CONCLUSSIONS

... \ \ ·- ~ ....... ~ .,_,.,. .....

"~· ._.. \ .... ( ·-· .... ·­L.ouil ctt.noe '" ~ ""'""".,.. ......... Sf'wna• direcbOfl

\\ _ ..

Pleistocene calcrete deposits fron1 southern Spain as indicators

44 3. OUTCROP ANAL YSJS

----................... .,.._ ....... ._ ... _ . .......,.. .... ---..... ..,. ......... -..-~ ............ , ... ....-... .............. ~ . ...,.._., ..._..,._

~AGU.PUBLICATIONS

Tectonics

RES.EARCH ARTICLE 10.10021201 STC003997

""'"··-• P•-mld!y in"'°' Eost..,, a..ks ShHr Zone (C....w:oy Fou4t SW

segmen~l

• MtgRtlOO of KtN• f•ul'tSl.g MWay fJom !he m.¡n ,..,... (lo<ob.rgl

• Nine to 1 t Mw -6.7 events in th• lilst

30.2 tJT ~ • slip r•te of 0.37 ~

Suppordftf '""'""••t.Dn: • T11bles S1-SS aipdon~

·T•bloS1 • T•bloS2 • T•bloS3 • T•bloS4 • T•blo SS

Conftpondence lo~

ll Mlltl~S.ndi,,

'Ml~A'S

Cl<aliol>: _.._nd., ll, J. Goldo-M>)'O'óomo, J. M. lns .... -olo. A. E. S.IUlr, E. Rodrigll<tl.fKucft<O, J. A. Alvilttl>

Gomt:z. A Mld..adN.i •"d M.. J. Hlfff'fO

Cl016l. -lnslg~ts on tht •~M>ic pott(ltilf af the lastitrti Betk Sht," Zont (51: - >l: Ouott<n•'Y actlvlty a..:l

.,. .... ..,,,,idty ol tho sw ·-· ot the ~~scoy F~lt Zone. TC!CfOnics. lJ. SS-75, dol; 10.1 OOi/201 STC003997.

lllc-10AUG 2015

""'""""'"' 2• 11(11 JO 1 s "'"""""" ..- onlolt 216 llOI 201 S P-onllw6WIJ016

New insights on the seismogenic potential of the Eastern Betic Shear Zone (SE Iberia): Quaternary activity and paleoseismicity of the SW segment of the Carrascoy Fault Zone R<lqu•I Mu11n·Biln~ ', JuUjn G<lrd11·M11yordomo2. JUlln M. lnsU11·Ar6Vlllo 1, Ang•I E. Slllu11r2, Emlllo Rodrlguez-Escl.idero', JOH A. Alv•rez-Gómez', AllcNI M.dlaldu4, and Maria J. H•rrero5

'Oepartmcnt ol Gcod~amics. Complutense Univer.ity of Madrid, Madrid, Spoin, 1Gcological and MinillCJ lnstltute al Spoi11, Madnd, Spoin. 'ocpo111ment d Gr:ology and Gtochemistry, Autónoma Univenl1'( of Madnd, Madrid, Spain. 'Norclic l.lboratory fot luminescence DatillC), ~~nt ol Go!os<~e. A.lrhus Univefsily, Aarhus. Oenmartc. ' Ckpattment of Peuology and Geochemistry. Compjuten$e UNvenlry of Madrid. Madrid. Spoin

Abstract The úmiKoy fautt (CAFJ is one d the main aaive faults that fonn l)illl d the Eastem 8etic Shear Zone, a 450 km íault system that accommodates most oí the convergence belween the Eurasian (Iberia) and

Nubian plates In the Betk Cordillera, south Spain. Although the CAJ' represents a major earthquake threat to the nearby City oí Murcia, sludies on its Quaternary t«tonics and seismogenk potential are scarce to date.

We present eYidence that supporu the dMslon or the CAF into two overlapping segments wlth contrasting tectonk structure. Quaternary actfvity, and landíorm control: a SW segment, characterized by a broad

íold-and-thrust zone similar to the forebergs defined in the Gobi-Altal region, anda NE SecJmenl, charaaeril:ed by a sharp mountain íront controlled by s1r1k~slip tectonics. We attribute the differentiation lnto these two

segments to the stresses assoclaed with topography, whlch in turn Is a consequence oí the shortenlng

cornponent. at the middle Pleistocene, afr:er circa 217.4 ka. For the SW segment we infer llie occurren.:e ol 9 to 11, M.,6.7 paleoearthquakes In the last 30.2 kyr, anda sfip rale oí 037 :t 0.08 mJlcyr. We date the occ.urrence oí the last suñace rup!ure event aíter 2750 BP. and we estimate an ave<"age recurrence petíod ol major events of 33:t0.7kyr .

1. lntroduction

The Eastern Betk Shear Zone (E.BSZ) is the main fault system accommodallng the convergence between the Eurasían and Nubian plates in lbe.ria since late Neogene (Bousqu~. 1979; De Lorouzitle el ol. 1988; Sonz de Galdeano, 1990; Silllo t!t al. 1993). lt shows a charaaerlstic slgmoidal shape extending for more than 450 km from offshore Alboran Sea to NE of Murcia (Figure 1 ). Alo119 the ESSZ many destructive earthquakes have taken place slnce historlcal lirties provlng the selsmogenic behavior of the faults that form the shear

zone. From southwest to northeast, the EBSZ is formed by the followtng main faults: Carbonetas, Palomares. Alhama de Murcia, Carrascoy. and Bajo Segura (lnstiruro Gfoojdgjco y Minrro de Etpr;r'lo (IGME), 2012).

The Quaternary aaívity of the faults that fonn the E.BSZ has been noticed 1nd studied since the end of the

1970s decade [e.g. BouJq~I. 1979; Sonz ~ Go/deono, 1983; Boccolt!trl el ol. 1987; Mon1enot ~al. 1987;

Vrgos et ol., 1987; Masono et ol. 2010; Buontrmpo and Wuestefeld, 2013]. Furthennore, most of these fau

have been al!.O studied from a paleoseismological point of vlew: Carboneras le.g. Bel/ el o/., 1997; More ef al. 2008; Moreno, 201 OJ, Alhama de Murcia (e.g. Hemóndu-Enrile and Mortínez·Diaz. 2001; OtTu.W et

Basin -

Del Clima del Pasado al Clima del Futuro

.-

~~· ~;- -~-- - -~, ·-

¡~ ..:.1. 7'-~ - {- . -== . .. .:: .....

12 Ser

14 Q) C: Lan

16 Q) (..')

18 o Bur 20 ~ 22

24

Global Data Stable lsotope curves (Zachos el • l., 20()1)

6"C %o 6"0 %o

1 2 1

Spanish Data Eus-tabe curve Temperatu'e & humidlty ouNes

(Hoq et al., 1987) (Van der M&ulen •nd Oaams. 1992) HigherT .. ~

31~0 1~ s'o humidity"'""

• M1 1 12~ M•) • • • • • • • •

~ Counts 150Cr

~ N• 100 CI Na

o 8000 10001).-

s (!()()()

5000-40

s 2000 Au

Ca l,..J 1.-' ___,¡ o

o E~ergy (keV) 4 o

ICP, calcimetrias isótopos

''srt°Sr Mg!Ca rngfg S1ICa :.1gi?I "'

~ ~¡ ; ~ ' . . . . .

• GEOCHEMIC/IL 01\T/I --SEQlJENCE SIJRFACE

I•\

IF:-i:w;;r.I Lcnµot ar<.füm b ·l di1 i:11 ~

Mide; le Tne"Ssic

,.. otf•uo.J::·1e

-.. • .iw l! ''(m,,el1ie'4J11 T11'J~i

• 'tl:1ll' l"il':l<ll•cru·i11~ leti~·::

~ ' ;imrr 1.11;ir.~lr.(""llloi¡ M11r.r.11uk:1lk SA-)

• • .1~ \lu l.f1ii:ood" M.m.t1t'l~:iu. 'lN

A 1\

" :,~t;~ 1 ,, ,;\ /:.

03C'81

- o . .'cr..i

o.;o;ro---------------------0.iHU 200 240

o 200

I 400

Je 600 a .. Q 800

1000

uoo

o 200

I400 i,600 • Q 800

1000

llOO

500

Kaolinile Dickite El60.03'C

700

Temperatura ('C)

390.2 m

S72.6m

6'7'L6m

153.Sm

Cristalinidad de la lllita

Plite Cryotallinity ltllbler lndft, .. < 211111 in salldstones

• Aa1111nl.an llllla

a $alon1 .. llll!e

• Bunwt l llte

o 0.2 OA (),6 (),6 lllheKI

llllte Ctysulltnlty liilllerlnda, ...... z.z~ in aandoto.-

~-~1'45 • • Autunian llíle

__; + + • s.xonien lllte

" 8untsandsuln lllite

o 0.2 (),A

llllte KI 0,6 (),6

900

Basin Research .......... _.._ _._,_ .. _ -......... ..__ ... ---

Investigación Aplicada en Ciencias de la Tierra

Investigación Aplicada en Ciencias de la Tierra

,Análisis de 1 muestras e~ e

1a1>0'ª'º"º . de muesl!as

Má\iSIS ·~ooratoflOS enlos-

(CAIS)

"-.__/Í

Crimen

Roca

"~ ~ __,,_,_ __________ _____ ...

CSI: toma de datos y de muestras

Geólogos en el campo: toma de

datos y de muestras

Análisis de muestras en el

laboratorio

Análisis de muestras en los laboratorios

(CAls)

Mét.odo científico

Método Científico

Reconstrucción de lo sucedido e

identificación del culpable

Reconstrucción de lo sucedido y resolución del

problema

Sentencia

Difusión: 1 nformes, Presentaciones a

Congresos y Publicaciones

GRACIAS