PHARMCOSOCIAL-1 Kuliah Dr.dr Eman S

7/26/2019 PHARMCOSOCIAL-1 Kuliah Dr.dr Eman S

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PHARMCOSOCIAL 1Eman Sutrisna

Departement of Pharmacology and Therapy Medical School Unsoed

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

Student able to explain :Drug information : various and resourcesBenefit and leak of every drug

informationThe standard requarement have to befulfilled by an advertisementHow to search the drug informationDrug management in developmentcountry



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VARIOUS OF DRUGS INFORMATION(Resources and Form)

Non-commercialCommercial

Non Commercial Drug InformationWRITING VERBAL OTHERS

HandbooksTextbook

Pharmacist Video cassette

Therapeuticguidelines Advancelearning Disc of DrugInfoDrugs infobulletin

Symposium Info servicecenter

Formulary Other medicalpractician

Medicalmagazine



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Commercial Drug Information

WRITING VERBAL OTHERS

HandbooksTextbook

Medicalrepresentatives

Video cassette

Advertisement Symposium Discs of DrugInfo

Special letter ofDrugs info

BENEFIT AND LEAK

DRUGS INFORMATION RESOURCES

NON COMMERSIAL



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TEXTBOOK-HANDBOOK

The main info to learn deeplyThere are :

Book of drug (to learn characteristic ofpharmacology, pharmacokinetic,pharmacodynamic, adverse effect)Book of therapeutic (begin to clinical problems)

Important : revise frequently (accordingto drug info development)Handbook : good if just has limited timeto read.

REFERENCE BOOKS

Some of them good for guidance.According to expert aggrement :

Therapeutic guidelineThe guidance of antibiotic useEct

Applied in local, national,international



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Bulletin of Drug and Therapeutic

Periodical (un-charge)Info about promotion of drug use andtherapeutic rationally.Objective info

Assessment for drug benefit and safetyRecommendation to apply in clinical practice

Ex : Australian prescriber (Australia)Drug and therapeutic bulletin (UK)Prescrire (Franc)Drug Information Newsletter (Singapore)Lembaran obat dan pengobatan (Indonesia)

MEDICAL MAGAZINES

There areGeneral Medical Magazine

LancetBMJ, AMJ

Special Medical MagazineTuberculeAmerican Journal Of Respiratory DiseasesJournal of Gastroenterology

Be careful : a lot of research resultapposite each other (For clinicalapplication need to re-research/independent research)



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VERBAL & MULTIMEDIA

Drug information center in hospitalE-drug info : internet, e-mail, discQuick, practice but more expensive

BENEFIT AND LEAK

DRUGS INFORMATION RESOURCES

COMMERSIAL



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Commercial Drug Information

Pharmaceutical IndustrySimply, clear and easy to be understood.Not objective : positive info >>Purpose to support drug sellingBy involving : symposium, article inhealth magazine that support by

pharmaceutical IndustryDifficult to control and re-check of thetruth

ADVERTISEMENT

Fast to reach medical service (Hospital, doctor)A lot of them were out of guideline (WHO,1988)

Name of active substance (international Non-proprietary Names=INN) and trade name

FormDosage and administrationIndicationAdverse effect (safety)Precaution and contra-indicationDrug interactionReferenciesName and adress of manufacture



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PRODUCT INFO

Together with drug coverFor user infoCan be believed and under-controlby Health Department RI.Simply, complete info, withoutcommersial messages.But often be forgotten (not be givento the patient

PRODUCT INFO

The component :INN (generic name of active substance)Pharmacologic info (effect, work mechanism,pharmacokinetic)Clinical info (indication, dosage regiment,contra-indication, precaution, adverse effect,drug interaction and over-dosage)Pharmaceutical info (form, strength, storage,expire date, drug classification, manufacturename, vehikulum



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THE OTHER RESOURCES

IIMSISOSymposiumSeminarResearch report

Medical journal

How to search the drug information



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SELECTION TO DRUG INFORESOURCES

Pharmacologic characteristicTextbook and handbook

Adverse effectAmerican Medical Association (AMA)Drug EvaluationDukes MNG (1998) Meyler’s Side Effectof Drugs, 11 th Edition, Elsevier, oxford

Drug ingridientIIMS, ISO dll

SELECTION TO THERAPEUTIC INFORESOURCES

Drug of choice and it’s alternative drugfor various diseases

Current medical Diagnosis & Treatment

Current pediatric Diagnosis & TreatmentDrug use in special groups (condition)

Local therapeutic guideAustralian drug evaluation committee (1989),medicines in pregnancyHand book : clinical pharmacokinetikEct.



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DRUG IN DEVELOPMENT COUNTRYRegulation and Use

Why is It important to be known ?

IMPORTANT ISSUES

Despite the availability of many effective drugs onthe world market.

Many development country still do not have regularaccess to the most needed essential medicines.

Medically ineffective and economically inefficientuse of pharmaceuticals by both healthcareproviders and consummers is commonlyencounter in many communitiesIncreasing problems of counterfeit andsubstandard drugs in many parts of thedevelopment world.Improvements in the supply, distribution, and useof pharmaceuticals are possible.



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DRUG SITUATION IN DEVELOPMENT COUNTRY(D’Arcy, 1984)

Inadequate funds to maintain constantsupplyPrices are too highNo foreign exchange for buying drugs orraw materialInefficient transport and distributionDrug deterioration in the central medicalstores or during transportLack of government commitment for thehealth and pharmaceuticals sectors

Action Needed for improving andMaintaining sustainable financing of Drug

Efficiency in pharmaceutical andhealth sectorSecuring public financingMobilization of other financialresources



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The Policy Can be Implemented inContaining pharmaceutical Price and Cost

A national policy for the use of genericsReduction or elimination of importduties for pharmaceuticalPrice competitionPrice information

Mesure to Monitor and Improve theOverall Supply

Product selectionDrug quantificationDrug procurementDrug storage and distribution



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The Principles of Rational Drug Use

Appropriate clinical indication and not the otherreasonAppropriate drugs with the most favourableefficacy, safety, affordability and qualityAppropriate patient characteristic with no contraindication and the smallest likehood of adversereactionAppropriate dosage, route of administration anddurationAppropriate informationAppropriate follow up for intended effect andunintended side effect.

The Pattern of Irrational Drug Use

The use of wrong drug for specificconditionThe use of drug

There are not indicationDoubtful efficacy and uncertain safety statusIncorrect dosage, inadequate route ofadministrationWith multiple therapy when mono-therapycould already be sufficientToo expencive



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REFERENCIES

Santoso B. Drugs Regulation :Organization and Control. In Boxtel C. J.V. Santoso B. And Edwards I. R. DrugBenefits and Risk : InternationalTextbook of Clincal Pharmacology. NewYork : John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2001 :61-70Santoso B., Suryawati S., Saleh-Danu S.Masalah Penggunaan Obat di InstitusiPelayanan Kesehatan dalam FarmakologiKlinik dan Farmakoterapi. BagianFarmakologi Klinik FK UGM. 2003 : 1-9

THANKS .LET’S SMILE WITH SCIENCE

PHARMCOSOCIAL-1 Kuliah Dr.dr Eman S

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