Plant toxins John Carlo Macuja Jackielyn Ocbina III-BSCT
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Transcript of Plant toxins John Carlo Macuja Jackielyn Ocbina III-BSCT
PLANT TOXINSJOHN CARLO MACUJAJACKIELYN OCBINAIII-BSCT
Chemical and Molecular Toxicology
Western Water Hemlock Kingdom- Plantae Subkingdom- Tracheobiont
a Superdivision- Spermatophy
ta Division- Magnoliophyta Class- Magnoliopsida Order- Apiales Family- Apiaceae
Western Water Hemlock Scientic Name: Cicuta
douglasii
Western water hemlock is a poisonous plant in the family Apiaceae. It is a perennial plant that grows in wet places such as marshes, stream banks, slough margins, ditches, meadows, and wet pastures
It is the most poisonous plant in North America.
Western Water Hemlock
Western Water Hemlock Toxin- cicutoxin Cicutoxin is the poisonous
substance found in water hemlock (Cicuta species).
It is a natural product structurally related to the oenanthotoxin of hemlock water dropwort.
Western Water Hemlock Cicutoxin is a yellowish
liquid that is prevalent in the roots.
Western Water Hemlock
It is an unsaturated alcohol
Western Water Hemlock Oenanthotoxin is found in the
plant hemlock water dropwort
Western Water HemlockEffects in the body Its primary effect is the
disruption of the central nervous system.
Cicutoxin acts as a non-competitive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor antagonist.
Cicutoxin acts on the GABAA receptor causing a block of the chloride channel which results in neuronal depolarization.
Western Water Hemlock GABAA receptor In the presence of cicutoxin this
depolarization continues unabated causing cell overactivity. The hyperactivity in brain cells results in seizures
Western Water HemlockSymptoms Signs of poisoning can occur
within 15 mins This include nausea, vomiting,
abdominal pain, muscle twitch, rapid pulse, rapid breathing, tremors, seizures, excessive salivation or frothing of the mouth, and dilation of pupils
Western Water Hemlock Symptoms Deaths usually occur from
respiratory failure or cardiac arrest
Treatment Initial treatment of poisoning
may include gastrointestinal decontamination with activated charcoal
There is no specific antidote for water hemlock poisoning and treatment mainly consists of supportive care