Potencia s
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![Page 1: Potencia s](https://reader035.fdocuments.es/reader035/viewer/2022081502/563db8b1550346aa9a960fc6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Potencias. Operaciones
POTENCIAS
• Todo producto de factores iguales se puede escribir en forma de potencia. El factor que se repite se llama base y el número de veces que se repite se llama exponente.
Ejemplo: 6 x 6 x 6 x 6 = 64 Exponente
Base
• Casos particulares de potencias:
Un número elevado al exponente 1 es igual al mismo número. 21 = 2; 31 = 3. Un número
elevado al exponente 0 es igual a uno. 40 = 1; 50 = 1.
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1
2
3
Completa el cuadro.
Potencia
32
43
54
65
87
910
1011
1520
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Base
Exponente
Escribe en forma de potencia los siguientes productos.
8 x 8 x 8 =
![Page 4: Potencia s](https://reader035.fdocuments.es/reader035/viewer/2022081502/563db8b1550346aa9a960fc6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
8 x 8 x 7 x 7 x 7 =
7 x 7 x 7 x 7 =
5 x 5 x 5 x 6 x 6 =
9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 =
7 x 7 x 9 x 9 x 9 =
15 x 15 x 15 x 15 x 15 =
10 x 10 x 10 x 8 x 8 x 8 =
Halla el valor de las siguientes potencias.
71 =
![Page 5: Potencia s](https://reader035.fdocuments.es/reader035/viewer/2022081502/563db8b1550346aa9a960fc6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
22 x 33 =
80 =
23 x 32 =
92 =
42 x 52 =
83 =
42 x 52 x 30 =
110 =
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53 x 22 x 33 =
251 =
62 x 33 x 70 =
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POTENCIAS DE BASE 10
• Toda potencia de base 10 es igual a la unidad seguida de tantos ceros como unidades indica el exponente.
Ejemplos: 102 = 10 x 10 = 100
103 = 10 x 10 x 10 = 1.000
105 = 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 100.000
• Los números de muchas cifras que acaban en ceros tienen una escritura más cómoda utilizando potencias de base 10.
Ejemplos: 120.000.000 = 12 x 10.000.000 = 12 x 107 200.000.000 = 2 x 100.000.000 = 2 x 108
1Calcula.
![Page 10: Potencia s](https://reader035.fdocuments.es/reader035/viewer/2022081502/563db8b1550346aa9a960fc6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
104 =
109 =
106 =
1010 =
107 =
1011 =
108 =
1012 =
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2
3
Escribe, utilizando potencias de base 10, los siguientes números.
3.000 =
130.000.000 =
40.000 =
200.000.000 =
600.000 =
320.000.000 =
7.000.000 =
1.000.000.000 =
80.000.000 =
2.000.000.000 =
En la siguiente tabla aparece la distancia media en kilómetros de algunos planetas al Sol. Escribe esas distancias utilizando potencias de base 10.
Tierra
Urano
Neptuno
Plutón
Distancia media
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149.500.000
2.873.000.000
4.498.000.000
5.910.000.000
al Sol (km)
Potencias de
base 10
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Pág. 2
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PRODUCTO DE POTENCIAS DE IGUAL BASE
El producto de dos o más potencias de igual base es otra potencia de la misma base y cuyo exponente es la suma de los exponentes.
Ejemplos: 23 x 22 x 24 = 23+2+4 = 29
43 x 42 x 46 = 43+2+6 = 411
1Escribe en forma de una sola potencia los siguientes productos.
Después, calcula su valor.
22 x 22 = 24 = 16
![Page 15: Potencia s](https://reader035.fdocuments.es/reader035/viewer/2022081502/563db8b1550346aa9a960fc6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
22 x 2 x 23 =
22 x 23 =
3 x 32 x 3 =
23 x 2 =
42 x 42 x 4 =
24 x 2 =
5 x 5 x 52 =
32 x 32 =
62 x 62 x 6 =
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33 x 3 =
72 x 7 x 7 =
32 x 33 =
82 x 8 x 83 =
33 x 33 =
92 x 92 x 9 =
34 x 3 =
9 x 92 x 90 =
43 x 40 =
10 x 100 x 102 =
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2 Calcula y completa los exponentes que faltan.
26 x 2
= 28
145 x 146 x 14
= 1418
23 x 2
= 27
157 x 152 x 15
= 1513
64 x 6
= 610
238 x 239 x 23
= 2320
73 x 7
= 711
357 x 356 x 35
= 3524
84 x 8
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= 812
429 x 425 x 42
= 4219
95 x 9
= 913
537 x 534 x 53
= 5322
108 x 10
= 1014
615 x 612 x 61
= 6119
119 x 11
= 1115
756 x 752 x 75
= 7520
123 x 124 x 12
= 1210
817 x 812 x 81
= 8115
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COCIENTE DE POTENCIAS DE IGUAL BASE
El cociente de dos potencias de igual base es otra potencia de la misma base y cuyo exponente es la resta de los exponentes.
Ejemplos: 26 : 23 = 26-3 = 23
48 : 42 = 48-2 = 46
1Escribe en forma de una sola potencia los siguientes cocientes.
Después, calcula su valor.
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38 : 35 = 33 = 27
205 : 202 =
54 : 53 =
306 : 303 =
69 : 67 =
407 : 404 =
710 : 78 =
503 : 502 =
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812 : 810 =
603
:
600 =
913 : 911 =
704
:
700 =
103
: 10 =
805
:
80 =
112
: 112 =
906
:
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902 =
123
: 12 =
1007
: 100 =
134
: 132 =
2005
: 1000 =
2 Calcula y completa los exponentes que faltan.
48 : 4
= 46
3515 : 35
= 3512
59 : 5
= 54
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4120 : 41
= 41
78 : 7
= 76
5018 : 50
= 509
89 : 8
= 83
6217 : 62
= 624
910 : 9
= 97
7519 : 75
= 752
1016 : 10
= 1010
8021 : 80
= 8010
1115 : 11
= 114
8230 : 82
= 8221
1216 : 12
= 1212
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9045 : 90
= 9020
1312 : 13
= 139
9532 : 95
= 9517
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POTENCIA DE UNA POTENCIA
La potencia de una potencia es otra potencia de igual base y cuyo exponente es el producto de los exponentes.
Ejemplos: (23 )2 = 23 x 2 = 26
(44 )3 = 44 x 3 = 412
1
2
Escribe en forma de una sola potencia.
![Page 26: Potencia s](https://reader035.fdocuments.es/reader035/viewer/2022081502/563db8b1550346aa9a960fc6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
(
32
)3 =
(2
34
)5 =
(
43
)2 =
(3
05
)6 =
(
52
)2 =
(4
14
)7 =
(64 )3=
(506 )4 =
(75 )2 =
(653 )5 =
(84 )5 =
(727 )3 =
(97 )3 =
(802 )4 =
(104 )2 =
(853 )2 =
(115 )6 =
(973 )4 =
(127 )9 =
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(9
92
)6 =
Calcula y completa los exponentes que faltan.
(
24
)
= 28
(235 )
= 2320
(32 )
= 36
(307 )
= 3021
(43 )
= 412
(426 )
= 4218
(54 )
= 516
(507 )
= 5042
(68 )
= 624
(653 )
= 6524
(74 )
= 736
(724 )
= 7216
(89 )
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= 818
(7
53
)
= 7
51
5
(
95
)
= 930
(842 )
= 8420
(103 )
= 1018
(893 )
= 8921
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POTENCIA DE UN PRODUCTO
La potencia de un producto es igual al producto de cada uno de los factores elevado a dlcha potencia.
Ejemplos: (5 x 3)2 = 52 x 32
(4 x 2 x 5)3 = 43 x 23 x 53
1
2
3
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Escribe el resultado como producto de potencias.
(2 x 3)3 =
(2 x 3 x 4)2 =
(4 x 2)2 =
(4 x 5 x 6)3 =
(3 x 5)4 =
(6 x 7 x 8)4 =
(5 x 7)3 =
(8 x 9 x 10)5 =
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(8 x 9)5
=
(10 x 11 x 12)6
=
(7 x 10)2
=
(13 x 14 x 15)7=
Escribe en forma de una sola potencia.
22 x 32 x 42 = (2 x 3 x 4)2
117 x 127 X 137 =
33 x 43 x 53 =
148 x 158 X 168 =
56 x 76 x 86 =
217 x 207 X 197 =
47 x 97 x 57 =
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329
x 409
x 539
=
91
0
x 81
0
x 71
0
=
438
x 528
X 628
=
Completa los exponentes que faltan.
23 x 43 x 5
= (2 x 4 x 5)3
x 8
x 93 = (6 x 8 x 9)3
6
34 x 5
x 64 = (3 x 5 x 6)4
94
x 10
x 11
= (9 x 10 x 11)4
5
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x 66
x 86
= (5 x 6 x 8)6
12
x 13
x 14
= (12 x 13 x 14)6
64 x 3
x 54
= (6 x 3 x 5)4
15
x 12
x 13
= (15 x 12 x 13)7
7
x 85 x 95
= (7 x 8 x 9)5
21
x 16
x 30
= (21 x 16 x 30)8
53 x 93 x 8
= (5 x 9 x 8)3
35
x 26
x 41
= (35 x 26 x 41)9
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