Princpios_de_Radiobiologia.pdf

8/21/2019 Princpios_de_Radiobiologia.pdf

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P R

A S R, G, FCM,UNLLIP, B, J 2010


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I

W :

W : C R

E R

R

I :

R P

R C P R G

H :

X

N M

C (, , )

O

N A

N


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H

L

K

P

G, B

C, B

L, G


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M S I

2.4 S/

I CT

BEIR V, NRC, 1990


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?


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C

A : 1 G (G) = 1J/ ,

S

QUALITY FACTOR

1 G

1 G X .

G, 1

B, 1

N, 5

N, 20

A, 20

A SIEVERT (S)

,

, X

.

H () = D (G)


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S

C

E (E) (HT) WT

.

E = HT x WT

O WT

G 0.20

B ,C, , 0.12

B, , , 0.05

S, 0.01

ICRP


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P


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A P

R

H L H L

I

D

I

D

W


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C

I

DNA

DNA

C

L

D

I

(

)

S

E R

C

H

G

S

M, 2005; L, 2003


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S NS

S ( )

S ,

()

CM H

S A C

F


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KIN EFFEC

A ( RX)

> 2 - 3 Gy Epilation (temp.; def > 7 10 Gy)> 3 Gy Erythema (> 1 week)

Heals with (dry) desquamation and

> 10 - 20 Gy Erythema, oedema, large painful blisters,

wet desquamation, ulceration (weeksmonths),radionecrosis.

Heals slowly with atrophy, telangiectasia, irregularpigmentation

Some lesions may never completely heal chronicstage


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A

6,5 . I192

Turaie.a., BMJ 2004, 328: 568-572

2: , 9: ,


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A

T ,

.

T .


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DEELOPMEN EFFEC

G:

E :

P (0 9 )

O (10 6 ) G

/ () F ( 6 )

O .> 0,1 S ( ), 10 26 , .

M J


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FEILI EFFEC

Doses, in general, lower than 10% of lethal doses induce alterations inthe reproductive organs

Female Sex: Greater probability of sterility in older women.

Doses of 3 Gy (gonads) can provoke temporary sterilityin oun women but ermanent in older women.

Doses > 4 Gy (gonads) provoke permanent sterilityregardless of age.

Male Sex:

Temporary sterility and qualitative alterations in sperm

with doses of 0,15 Gy (gonads). Permanent sterility with doses between 3,5 and 6 Gy

(gonads).


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GENETIC (HEREDITARY ) EFFECTS?

N ()

C


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CANCER EFFECTS


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F X

W

?

50 100

)!

10 50 ()!

B, PNAS, 2003


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R CT

P C

1989: 4% C

1993: 6%

UNSCEAR 2000; B, D.

2000: 11%

: 6 100


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P, R, 1999


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C

60

80

sdatiride

Bielorssia (2.000.000)

Ucrnia (11.000.000)Bryansk (300.000)

Orel-Tula-Kaluga (800.000)

Nmero de casos de cancro da tiride em crianas


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P ( ) A 20(S)1

L (19861987)

( )240 000 >100

E (1986) 116 000 >33

R SCZ (>555

B/2)(19862005)270 000 >50

T 20

C

R . (37B/2) (19862005)

5 000 000 1020

N 2.4 S/ (

110, >20)48

A : CT 12 S

0.13 S

0.08 S

[1] T . WHO, 2006


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D (G) P 19501997

D E

F

< 0.005 37,458 3833 3844 0

O 19501997

(L S S)

. . ,

0.10.2 5732 668 622 39

0.20.5 6332 763 678 97

0.51 3299 438 335 109

12 1613 274 157 103

2+ 488 82 38 48

T 86,572 9335 8895 440

(K, ICS, 2007; P, R. R., 2003)


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B

aleffect

Dose

Biolog

i


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Between 1944 and 2002: 420 incidents worldwide

134 deaths (28 deaths Chernobyl 1986)

G

0% ra at ons nc ents n n ustry

10% medical incidents (diagnosis/therapy)

50% of fatal exposures due to calibration errors inmedical equipment or because of insecure storageof spent sources for radiotherapy

T E.A., BMJ, 2004


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CELLLA AND MOLECLA EFFEC

B


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DNA LEION

Ionizing

Radiation

(DSB)


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H LE

M

( )

L LE


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H DNA ?

J.P. P, S. J. M, E J N M (2001) 28:541561


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R DSB

J H. J. H N 411, 366374 (2001)

M 100

I DNA


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()

N

()

T

()

R

()

D

()

C

()

C

C

B

N.G.O, (2003)

C


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R

C

D

F

F

O M.G 2002

T F

D

D


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D C

L, A. 2006

G !


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C

H

79

A

(1) (2) (3)

N.O , 2002


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30

40

50

60

70

/100

C

A : 5 G

H: 2 G

L F: 50 G

0

10

20

0 50 100 150 200 250

D

()

M


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M

C B N.O , 2002

M


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M

M

M

O M.G 2002


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O DNA:

R

DC

(H )

(DSB)

/FIH


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/FIH

..

/FIH


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/FIH

O M.G ITN

H2A


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H2A

No possvelapresentar aimagem.O computador podeno ter memriasuficienteparaabrir aimagemou a imagempodeter sido danificada.Reinicieo computador e,emseguida,abra o ficheiro novamente.Seo x vermelho continuar aaparecer,poder ter deeliminar aimagemeinseri-lanovamente.

H2A


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H2A

C

No possvelapresentar aimagem.O computador podeno ter memriasuficienteparaabrir aimagemou a imagempodeter sido danificada.Reinicieo computador e,emseguida,abra o ficheiro novamente.Seo x vermelho continuar aaparecer,poder ter deeliminar aimagemeinseri-lanovamente.

A

(H )

H2AX


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H2AX

H2AX

No possvelapresentar aimagem.O computador podeno ter memriasuficienteparaabrir aimagemo u aimagempodeter sido danificada.Reinicieo computador e,emseguida,abra o ficheiro novamente.Se o x vermelho continuar aaparecer,poderter deeliminar aimagemeinseri-lanovamente.

DSB induction in MRC-5 cells. -H2AX foci werecounted 3 min after irradiation

PFGE

R L, PNAS, 100, 50575062 (2003)


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CAE DIE

D


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1

1,2

1,4

1,6

(%)

D

131I (2590 MB)

D (G) : 200 300 G

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

T0 T1 T6 T24

D

O.M G ., M, 15, 6975,2000

M


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A G 1,400 C

137

T , ,

G


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112000 (10 % )

250

20

G

,

R 28 14

8 ARS

4 ()


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C (CA)

137C G, B ( )

D CA

129

5 > 3 G

16 > 1G

24 > 0.5 G

IAEA, 1988

137C


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137C

G, B (10 )

12

14

16

18

20

000

clulas

00

0.8 G

0.9 G

1.9 G

1.0 G

0.8 G

M.L. C

0

2

4

6

8

10

I1 I1 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 I8 I9 I10 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

Transloca

es/

Indivduos estudados

T/1

D (G)

D (G)


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P?

Cartografia doCartografia do radorado emem


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Cartografia doCartografia do radorado ememPortugalPortugal

60 % < 50 B/3

2,6 % > 400 B/3

A U E (D

90/143/EURATOM)

< 25

25 - 50

50 - 200

Locais com concentraes superiores a 400 Bq/m3.

Legenda: Rado (Bq/m3)

[mdias anuais por concelho]

400 B/3

200 B/3.

Instituto Tecnolgico e NuclearInstituto Tecnolgico e NuclearDepartamento de Proteco RadiolgicaDepartamento de Proteco Radiolgicae Segurana Nucleare Segurana Nuclear

Princpios_de_Radiobiologia.pdf

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