@manufernandez

SMART CITIES

URBANIZAR LA TECNOLOGÍA

MANU FERNÁNDEZ

Investigador y consultor en políticas urbanas en los

últimos 14 años

Siempre en proyectos relacionados con la

sostenibilidad local y la dinamización de las

economías urbanas

www.ciudadesaescalahumana.org

ESTRATEGIA URBANA

manufer2007@gmail.com

www.humanscalecity.org

@manufernandez

Actualmente, freelance con tres grandes temas de interés:

• Usos transitorios de espacios abandonados

• La intersección de las herramientas digitales y la vida urbana en la sociedad

conectada

• El vínculo entre la tecnología digital y la innovación

Resultados de búsquedas en Google Scholar para diferentes términos

NARRATIVAS Y UTOPÍAS

URBAN MEDIA

ELEMENTOS DE DISEÑO URBANOSENDERO

BORDE

BARRIO

NODO

HITO

INTERFACE

PLATAFORMAS DE

DATOS

OBJETOS CONECTADOS

INFRAESTRUCTURAS

EXPERIENCIA DIGITAL

LA BANALIZACIÓN DE LA CIUDAD

LA ESPECTACULARIZACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGÍA

General Motors has spent a small fortune to

convince American public that if it wishes to

enjoy the full benefit of private enterprise in

motor manufacturing, it will have to rebuild

its cities and its highways by public

enterprise

Walter Lippman

ÉPICA: SOMETER LA CIUDAD DE UNA VEZ POR TODAS

LAS CIUDADES SON CAÓTICAS Y HAY QUE SOLUCIONARLAS

SABEMOS CÓMO HAN FUNCIONADO LAS GRANDES

IDEAS MODERNIZADORAS SOBRE LA CIUDAD

A good science fiction story should be able to

predict not the automobile but the traffic jam

Frederik Pohl

“By far the greatest latitude of choice exists the very first time a

particular instrument, system, or technique is introduced. Because

choices tend to become strongly fixed in material equipment,

economic investment, and social habit, the original flexibility

vanishes for all practical purposes once the initial commitments are

made. In that sense technological innovations are similar to

legislative acts or political foundings that establish a framework for

public order that will endure over many generations.

LANGDON WINNER

MODELO SALA DE CONTROL

AL FINAL, ¿LAS SMART CITIS ERAN ESTO?

X

UN LABORATORIO URBANO SIN PERSONAS

Technology is the answer. But what is the question?

Cedric Price

LOS DESCONTENTOS DE LA SMART CITY

LA TECNOLOGÍA NO ES SUFICIENTE

NO HAY NECESIDAD DE ESPERAR

TIEMPO PARA LAS PREGUNTAS

¿

IMAGE SOURCE:: http://www.globalnerdy.com

LA TECNOLOGÍA NO ES SUFICIENTE

IMAGE SOURCE:: Dhiru Thadani (author)

¿Qué hay del diseño, la normativa, la política, la vida social, la

economía, etc?

CONJUGAR EN PRESENTE Y NO EN FUTURO PERFECTO

MÓVIL LOCAL

INTELIGENCIA

COLECTIVAP2P

PROCOMÚN

CO-CREACIÓN

HAZLO TÚ MISMO

ECONOMÍA COLABORATIVA

CONOCIMIENTO ABIERTO

CÓDIGO LIBRE

DIY

CIVIC HACKING

The dominant tense of ubiquitous

computing writing is what we might call

the „„proximate future.‟‟ That is,

motivations and frames are often

written not merely in the future tense,

describing events and settings to come,

but describe a proximate future, one

„„just around the corner.‟‟ The proximate

future is invoke in observations that

„„Internet penetration will shortly

reach...‟‟ or „„We are entering a period

when...‟‟ or „„New technological

opportunities are emerging that...‟‟ or

„„Mobile phones are becoming the

dominant form of...‟

GENEVIEVE BELL Y PAUL DOURISH

TIEMPO PARA LAS PREGUNTAS

EFICIENCIA OPERATIVA

SOSTENIBILIDAD

SIMPLIFICACIÓN

NEUTRALIDAD

DESPOLITIZACIÓN

SUFICIENCIA TECNOLÓGICA

EFICIENCIA OPERATIVA – O LA OBSESIÓN POR LA OPTIMIZACIÓN COMO

OBJETIVO ÚNICO DE LOS SERVICIOS URBANOS

The city is its people. We don‟t make cities in order to make buildings and

infrastructure. We make cities in order to come together, to create wealth, culture,

more people. As social animals, we create the city to be with other people, to work,

live, play. Buildings, vehicles and infrastructure are mere enablers, not drivers. They

are a side-effect, a by-product, of people and culture. Of choosing the city. (…)The

smart city vision, however, is focused on these second order outcomes, and often

with one overriding motivation: efficiency.

DAN HILL

DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA

SOSTENIBILIDAD - O EL RECLAMO A UNA SOSTENIBILIDAD DÉBIL BASADA

EN LA IRRESPONSABILIDAD DE LOS COMPORTAMIENTOS

Smart cities „from scratch‟ are illustrative of a political and corporate discourse that

largely equates sustainability with the possibilities opened by technology to improve

efficiency and to reduce resources‟ consumption (of energy, fuels, water, etc).

However, from a political ecology perspective, new technologies often lead to similar

or even increased consumption levels (under new names) rather than fostering

broader changes in production and consumption patterns towards reduced

ecological impacts.

LUIS CARVALHO

IMAGE SOURCE: Banksy https://www.flickr.com/photos/drbphotographycouk/6498780109/

DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA

SIMPLIFICACIÓN – O LA REDUCCIÓN DE LA COMPLEJIDAD A MODELOS DE

SIMULACIÓN EN LUGAR DE PENSAR LA CIUDAD COMO WICKED PROBLEM

The subject of urban planning, they argue, is wicked problems, which have no

definitive description, involve value judgments, and take place in unique contexts

that make it difficult to accurately test solutions. As a consequence, any method of

addressing them is inherently political. Many of the problems targeted by smart

cities projects, from mudslides to climate change, are wicked problems.

ROB GOODSPEED

DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA

NEUTRALIDAD – O LA FICCIÓN DE UN CONOCIMIENTO ASÉPTICO, SIN

SESGOS, PERFECTO Y OBJETIVO A PARTIR DEL BIG DATA

DE MIOS Y LEYENDAS

The data streams generated by the Sentient city may seem like instances of

objective data gathering, whereas in reality they are far from it. For starters, the

decision regarding which data to collect and which to ignore and how to classify

it, is already a highly political choice. Next, the data generatd by the Sentient city

is interpreted by software algorithms and actuation devices, and there is nothing

objective about that either: it is a highly normative process, where subjective

values, legal codes and power relations are turned into software code on the

base of which sentient technology ddecides, acts and discriminates”

MARTIJN DE WAAL

IMAGE SOURCE: http://www.wisc.warwick.ac.uk/training/msc-programme/

DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA

Smart city advocates imagine themselves as creating technologies, techniques

and visions that are scientific, objective, commonsensical and apolitical. In

general, there is little critical reflection on the wider implications of

technologically rooted entrepreneurial urban development, or the

consequences of networked urbanism, for city administrations and citizens”.

ROB KITCHIN

DESPOLITIZACIÓN – O LA ASPIRACIÓN DE CONSEGUIR

MEDIANTE MÁS INFORMACIÓN UN HORIZONTE POST-

POLÍTICO DE LA GESTIÓN URBANA

DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA

IMAGE SOURCE: http://www.flickr.com/photos/96366213@N00/81766439/

SUFICIENCIA TECNOLÓGICA – O EL DETERMINISMO QUE IDENTIFICA LA

TECNOLOGÍA COMO EL ELEMENTO CRÍTICO EN CUALQUIER CUESTIÓN

RELACIONADA CON LA CIUDAD

DE MITS Y LEYENDAS

What we encounter in this statement is an unreconstructed logical

positivism, which, among other things, implicitly holds that the world is in

principle perfectly knowable, its contents enumerable and their relations

capable of being meaningfully encoded in the state of a technical system,

without bias or distorition

ADAM GREENFIELD

DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA

CÓMO COMPARTIMOS DATOS

IMAGE SOURCE: http://we-make-money-not-art.com

CÓMO CONSTRUIMOS COMUNIDADES

CÓMO DESARROLLAMOS SOLUCIONES

CÓMO DESARROLLAMOS SOLUCIONES

CÓMO COMPARTIMOS INFRAESTRUCTURAS

CÓMO COMPARTIMOS INFRAESTRUCTURAS

MÁS ALLÁ DEL DIÁLOGO DE SORDOS

HACER CIUDAD COMO CONVERGENCIA DE DISCIPLINAS

CONOCIMIENTO EN TORNO A COMUNIDADES Y PRÁCTICAS

PARTICIPACIÓN POR CONTRIBUCIÓN

XURBAN INTELLIGENCE IS ON THE STREETS

IMAGE SOURCE: RUFFIN_READY/FLICKR

¡GRACIAS!

www.ciudadesaescalahumana.org

manufer2007@gmail.com

www.humanscalecity.org

@manufernandez