Terestrička Navigacija I Dio
description
Transcript of Terestrička Navigacija I Dio
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RAUN RAZLIKE ZEMLJOPISNIH KOORDINATA,SREDNJE ZEMLJOPISNE IRINE I RAZMAKA
Stipe Gali2012
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JEDINICE ZA MJERENJE KUTEVA
PUNI KRUG:1. KUTNA MJERA 0 - 3602. LUNA MJERA 2R3. SATNA MJERA 24h
PRETVARANJE STUPNJEVA : 3602 SR ; 15360
24 SSh
PRETVARANJE RADIJANA: RS 180 ;
Rh 12
PRETVARANJE SATI: hhS 1524360 ; hhR 1224
2
1. PRIMJERNeka se kut = 203 17 49 pretvori u lunu i satnu mjeru
smhSh 27.11331355312963.13152969444.203
154917203
15
radSSR 548201039.31802969444.203141592654.3
1803602
2. PRIMJERNeka se luk u satnoj mjeri od 7h 37m 54s pretvori u kutnu i lunu mjeru
3028114475.114631666667.71554377151524360 smhhhS
radhhR 997965662.112631666667.7141592654.3
12242
3. PRIMJER = 254 30 54 pretvori u stupnjeve
515.254254515.0609.30
9.30254min309.06054stupnjevi
ute
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4. PRIMJER = 025.123794 pretvori u 0.123794 60 7.42764 025 7.427640.42764 60 25.6584025.123794 025 0725.66
5. PRIMJER358 sati pretvori u dane
dana91666667.1424358 6. PRIMJER903.5 sati pretvori u dane/sate/minute
mhd 30153730605.0155.15
5.152464583333.03764583333.3764583333.37245.903
7. PRIMJERIzraunajte 1 luka velike krunice za Bessel elipsoid pod uvjetom da se izjednai povrinaelipsoida sa povrinom kugle.a = 6377397.155b = 6356078.963
abr 44 2 abr 2
136.6366729963.6356078155.6377397 abrr20
r260360 006433.18526036021 r
8. PRIMJERIzraunajte 1 luka velike krunice za WGS 84 pod uvjetom da se izjednai povrina elipsoida sapovrinom kugle.a = 6378137b = 6356078.963
abr 44 2 abr 2
429.6367098963.63560786378137 abrr20
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r260360 113857.18526036021 r
9.PRIMJERIzraunajte 1 luka velike krunice za Bessel elipsoid ako se volumen elipsoida izjednai savolumenom kugle.volumen elipsoida = 4/3a2bvolumen kugle = 4/3r3
32 34
34 rba
3 2 bar 3 2 963.6356078155.6377397 r
158.6370283r040257.185360360
21 r
10 PRIMJEROpseg Elipse
...5642
531342
312112)(4
62422
2 eeeaeaEL
gdje je:
2,eEeE potpuni eliptiki integral druge vrste
Nepotpuni I. vrste:
22 sin1 ed
Nepotpuni II. vrste: de 22 sin1potpuni eliptiki integral druge vrste:
2
0
22 sin12,
deeEeEpriblina formula:
215875.185236060/91.400078625.1 babaL 11. PRIMJERNautike tablice br.6, daju nam jednu minutu luka velike krunice + 1 luka paralele (Besselovelipsoid)meridijan 1= 1852.009 - 9.434 cos2 + 0.020 cos4
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paralela 1= 1856.686 cos - 1.576 cos3 + 0.002 cos5vidi NT6.12.PRIMJERPretvori 5.6 km u NM.ako je:
mNM 18521 mkm 10001
slijedi da je:kmNM 852.11 NMkm 852.1
11 ;
NMkm 023758.3852.16.56.5
13. PRIMJERPretvorite 5 stopa u metre.
mcmftmcmft
524.14.15253048.048.301
14. PRIMJERPretvorite 5 metara u stope.
ftm 3048.011
ftm 40419948.163048.055
15. PRIMJERPretvorite 20 ina u centimetre.
cmin 54.21 cmcmin 8.5054.22020
16. PRIMJERPretvorite 80 centimetara u ine
cmin 54.21 cmcm 54.2
11
incm 49606299.3154.28080
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NAVIGACIJA IVJEBE
1. PRIMJER1= 2808.5N 12 2= 2205,0N------------------- 2= 2205,0N =? -1= 2808.5N
------------------- =0603.5S
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.PRIMJER1= 1030.0N 12 2= 0520,0S------------------- 2= 0520,0S =? -1= 1030.0N
------------------- =1550.0S
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.PRIMJER1= 09141.3E 12 2= 06821,5E------------------- 2= 06821,5E =? -1= 09141.3E
------------------- =02319.8W
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4.PRIMJER1= 17000.0E 12 2= 16000,0W------------------- 2= 16000,0W =? -1= 17000.0E
------------------- =33000.0W - 360 =03000.0E
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5. PRIMJERN0.20211 E7.050221 N0.1510 E8.54170
-------------------------------------------------------------------?2 ; ?2
12 12
+NNN
0.35310.15100.2021
2
1
+WE
EE
5.591663605.001938.541707.05022
2
1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.PRIMJER
N8.29141 E5.140281 N2.11122 E8.170052
-------------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ?
221 S 12 12N8.29141 N2.11122 E8.170052
+ N2.11122 - N8.29141 - E5.140281 2/0.41262 NS S6.1802 W7.56022
NS 5.2013---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. PRIMJER
N0.15361 W0.140021 N0.15362 E0.050072
-------------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R
N0.15361 N0.15362 E0.050072 + N0.15362 - N0.15361 - W0.140021
2/0.30722 NS 0.0000 E0.19009NS 0.1536 600.19009 E
559
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Razmak (R) moemo dobiti na etiri naina:1 nain:(pomou formule)
SR cos 8025338.4500.1536cos559 2. nain:(pomou logaritamskih tablica)
SR cosSR coslogloglog 74741.247559log NT
+ 09343.01090657.9480.1536coslog NT 8.4504765398.209343.074741.2log NTR
3. nain:(grafiki)
0.451R
4. nain(tablino, NT 4)
8.450R
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8. PRIMJERNMR 5.341
NS 0.4045-----------------------------
?a.) raunski:
SR cos ;S
R cos = 4.4008008606728493.4880.4045cos
5.341
b.) tablino:
5.341R360800814333333.8606.488
9. PRIMJERE0.02008 = 482
NS `0.4051------------------------------
?Ra.) raunski:
SR cosNMR 2999535068.298`0.4051cos`482
b.) tablino:
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10. PRIMJER
W
NP 3.310201.2340
1
11
W
NP 3.310209.1940
2
22
--------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D
221 S 12 12
N1.23401 N9.19402 W3.310202 + N9.19402 - N1.23401 - W3.310201
2/3.40802 NS S2.0300 0.00000NS 5.2140
R
Scos SR cos = NM05.2140cos0.00000
180PK Vidi sliku
DK Pcos
PKD cos
= 180cos2.3 = NM2.3
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11. PRIMJER
E
SP 0.000503.1200
1
11
E
NP 0.000500.3000
2
22
-----------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D
221 S 12 12
S3.12001 N0.30002 E0.000502 + N0.30002 - S3.12001 - E0.000501
2/7.17002 NS N3.4200 0.00000NS 510800
R
Scos SR cos = NM0510800cos0.00000
000PK Vidi sliku
DK Pcos
PKD cos
= 000cos3.42 = NM3.42
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12. PRIMJER
W
NP 0.200010.3045
1
11
W
NP 0.210020.3045
2
22
-----------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D
221 S 12 12
N0.30451 N0.30452 W0.210022 + N0.30452 - N0.30451 - W0.200011
2/0.00912 NS 0.0000 600.01001 WNS 0.3045 W61
R
Scos SR cos = NMN 75546512.420.3045cos61
270PK Vidi slikuNMD 8.42 Vidi sliku
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13. PRIMJER
W
NP 0.300003.2150
1
11
E
NP 0.510003.2150
2
22
-----------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D
221 S 12 12
N3.21501 N3.21502 E0.510002 + N3.21502 - N3.21501 - W0.300001
2/6.421002 NS 0.0000 600.21001 ENS 3.2150 E81
R
Scos SR cos = NMN 68034517.513.2150cos81
090PK Vidi slikuNMD 7.51 Vidi sliku
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14. PRIMJER
E
NP 1.550155.3443
1
11
E
NP 3.590150.5043
2
22
-----------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D
a.) raunski:
221 S 12 12
N5.34431 N0.50432 E3.590152 + N0.50432 - N5.34431 - E1.550151
2/5.24872 NS N5.1500 000 04.2 E NS 154243 N5.15 E2.4
R
Scos SR cos = NMN 036250987.3154243cos2.4
LRtgK =
3.03625098715.5 N = 19588716.0 08316935.011 011.1L PK K
cos LK D cos LD K
= 08316935.11cos5.15 = NM79458198.15 NM8.15
b.) tablino:3,03 0,19548387115, 5
RtgK 11.06091476P LK K
15, 5cos cos11.06091476L
D K
NMD 79338153,15 NM8.15
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15. PRIMJER
W
NP 0.320505.3443
1
11
W
NP 0.300491.2143
2
22
-----------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D
a.) raunski:
221 S 12 12
N5.34431 N1.21432 W0.300492 + N1.21432 - N5.34431 - W0.320501
2/6.55862 NS S4.1300 600.02001 ENS 8.2743 S4.13 E62
R
Scos SR cos = NMN 00051374.458.2743cos62
LRtgK = S4.13
00051374.45 = 358247294.3 073.41781697LK
6.1064.073180PK
cos LK D cos LD K
= 41781697.73cos4.13 = NM95323456.46 NM47
b.) tablino:45 3.35820895513.4L
RtgK 73,41763806LK
6.1065823619.10641763806.73180PK13.4 46.9527422 47cos cos73,41763806L
D NMK
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16. PRIMJER
E
SP 0.210200.3034
1
11
E
SP 0.010200.5234
2
22
-----------------------------------------------------------------?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D
a.) raunski:
221 S 12 12
S0.30341 S0.52342 E0.010202 + S0.52342 - S0.30341 - E0.210201
2/0.22692 SS S0.2200 W0.20000SS 0.4134 S22 W20
R
Scos SR cos = NMS 44619206.160.4134cos20
LRtgK = 0.22
44619206.16
= 747554184.0 36.78010597 036,8LK
180 036.8 216.8PK
cos LK D cos LD K
= 78010597.36cos
0.22 = NM46774897.27 NM5.27
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17. PRIMJER
U tx = 0815 vlastiti brod se naao na
W
SP 0.510430.1120
1
11
,
a u tx = 1220 na poziciji
W
SP 0.590430.0919
2
22
. Odredite:------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?S ; ? ; ? ; ?R ; ?PK ; ?D ; b = ?a.) raunski:
221 S 12 12
S0.11201 S0.09192 W0.590432 + S0.09192 - S0.11201 - W0.510431
2/0.20392 SS N0.0201 W0.08000SS 0.4019 N62 W08
R
Scos SR cos = NMS 533331996.70.4019cos08
LRtgK = 0.62
533331996.7
= 121505354.0 927784311.06K
1.3539.06360PK
cos LK D cos LD K
= 927784311.06cos0.62 = NM45599323.62 NM5.62
2 1220Xt - 1 0815Xt
0405Xt
D v t 62,45599323 15,29534528 15,30405D NMv vt
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18. PRIMJER
U poziciji
E
NP 8.230169.2843
1
11
smjera se drugi brod p=177, d=3.9. ?2 P---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cosK D cos cos177 3.9 3.894655186 3.9K D
N9.28431 N9.28431 + S9.0300 + N0.25432
N0.25432 2/9.53862 NSNS 572643
RtgK 3.894655186 177 0.204110229R tgK tg
S
R cos 3.0281149452.0572643cos
204110229.0
E8.230161 + E3.00000
E1.240162
Tablino: Ako nam su nam poznati p i D, onda vrijednosti , R, moemo izvaditi iz NT br.3.
9.39.3 S ima negativan predznak jer jevrijednost p =177 u SE kvadrantu.
25.0R
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19. PRIMJER
U poziciji
E
NP 8.550151.3143
1
11
smjera se drugi brod p=351, d=3.4. ?2 P---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cosK D cos cos351 3.4 3.358140358 3.4K D
N1.31431 N1.31431 + N4.0300 + N5.34432
N5.34432 2/6.05872 NSNS 8.3243
RtgK 3.358140358 351 0.531877181R tgK tg
S
R cos 7.073381249.08.3243cos
531877181.0
E8.550151 + W7.00000
E1.550152
Tablino: Ako nam su nam poznati p i D, onda vrijednosti , R, moemo izvaditi iz NT br.3.
4.34.3 N ima pozitivan predznak jer jevrijednost p =351 u NW kvadrantu.
56.0R
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20. PRIMJERU tx=0800 vlastiti brod se naao na poziciji
E
NP 5.270147.1844
1
11
i istovremeno je snimionepoznati brod u p=173, d=6.8.U tx=0845 vlastiti brod se naao na poziciji
E
NP 1.400147.1044
2
22
i istovremeno se nepoznatibrod naao na p=289, d=11.3.a.) Kolika je brzina i kurs vlastitog broda.b.) Kolika je brzina i kurs nepoznatog broda.
sinR D K 828711535.0173sin8.6 R
cosD K 749313831.6173cos8.6
12 2 21 SN`7.18441 N`7.18441
+ S`7.0600 + N`0.12442 N`0.12442 2/`7.30802 NS
NS 211544
S
R cos =1.1570452191.2E
121 014 27.5 E
+ 000 01.2 E 2 014 28.7E
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6843599.10R 678920145.3 2 44 14.4 N
NS 331244 90565557.14 E2.250142 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Za nepoznati brod:4.2 5.3 NS 2.1344
508335226.2R
LRtgK 46.26440908 46.3LK ; 7.3133.46360PK
cos LK D 2, 4 3, 471562417 3,5cos cos 46,26440908LD NMK
tvD 3,471562417 4.628749889 4.60845 0800
Dv vt
Za vlastiti brod:8 6.12 NS 7.1444
026171713.9R
LRtgK 48.44905904 048.4LK ; 180 048.4 131.6PK
cos LK D cos LD K
12,06116809 12.1D NM
tvD 12.06116809 16,08155746 16.10845 0800
Dv vt
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21. PRIMJERSa pozicije polaska
E
NP 8.110650.5607
1
11
brod je u toku dana plovio u sljedeim kursovima iprevalio ove daljine: Kp=117 D=44.8NM ; Kp=090 D=19.4NM ; Kp=311 D=42NM;Kp=262 D=15.9NM. Izraunajte koordinate pozicije dolaska ?2 P
N0.56071 N0.56071 + N0.0500 N0.01082
N0.01082 2/0.57152 NSNS 5.5807
S
R cos = N
E5.5807cos
82.11 = E9.11
E8.110651 + E9.11000
E7.230652 Rjeenje:
E
NP 7.230650.0108
2
22
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22. PRIMJER
W
NP 6.000306.0030
1
11
Kp = 300 ; D = 120NMKp = 044 ; D = 062NMKp = 180 ; vB = 12 v ; t = 0640---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?2 PtvD B = mhv 400612 = NM80
N6.00301 N6.00301 + N6.2400 N2.25302
N2.25302 2/8.25602 NSNS 9.1230
S
R cos = N
W9.1230cos
8.60 = W4.70 = W4.10001
W6.000301 + W4.10001
W0.110312 Rjeenje:
W
NP 0.110312.2530
2
22
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23. PRIMJERSa pozicije polaska
W
SP 8.190390.2414
1
11
brod je u toku dana plovio u sljedeim kursovima iprevalio ove daljine: Kp=026 D=24.4NM ; Kp=000 D=109.3NM ; Kp=315 D=44NM;Kp=272 D=9.6NM. Izraunajte koordinate pozicije dolaska ?2 P
Rjeenje:
W
SP 6.500393.4111
2
22
24. PRIMJER
W
NP 0.280410.4456
1
11
Kp = 330 ; vB = 12 v ; t = 02-20-00Kp = 168 ; D = 47NMKp = 180 ; D = 26NMKp = 258 ; vB = 12 v ; t = 05-20-00Kp = 090 ; D = 3.2NM---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Izraunajte koordinate pozicije dolaska ?2 P
Rjeenje:
W
NP 4.220439.4255
2
22
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