Trabajo Oficial de Biomasa

7/17/2019 Trabajo Oficial de Biomasa

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ENERGIA BIOMASICA

INTRODUCCION_______________________________________________________4

¿QUE ES LA BIOMASA?_______________________________________________6

EL RECURSO BIOMASICO:____________________________________________8 FUENTES DE BIOMASA_______________________________________________10

¿Qué es una central de bi!asa"___________________________________11 CLASIFICACIÓN______________________________________________________________11

• LA BIOMASA NATUAL______________________________________________________11

• BIOMASA RESIDUAL SECA._________________________________________________11

• BIOMASA RESIDUAL HUMEDA._____________________________________________11

• CULTIVOS ENERGÉTICOS.__________________________________________________11

Funcionamin!o " una cn!#a$ " %ioma&a " 'n#aci(n

$)c!#ica_____________________________________________________________*+,ROCESOS DE CON-ERSI.N DE LA BIOMASA EN ENER/0A_______*1

BIOMASA SE#A_______________________________________________________1$ PROCESOS TERMOQUÍMICOS_________________________________________________15 COMBUSTIÓN______________________________________________________________15 GASIFICADO_______________________________________________________________15 PIROLISIS__________________________________________________________________16

PROCESOS BIOQUÍMICOS____________________________________________________17 PROCESOS ANAERÓBICOS___________________________________________________18 PROCESOS AERÓBICOS______________________________________________________18

VENTAAS______________________________________________________________________1!INCONVENIENTES______________________________________________________________"#

TERMINOS SOBRE LA BIOMASA____________________________________+2

E% BIODI&ESTO'_________________________________________________________(0C$%$&'(%)*'+&$* ,-/$0('$(* ( - 2+3/+4(*'3%________________________________"1 T+3* /( 2+3/+4(*'3%(*___________________________________________________________""

BIODIGESTOR CONTINUO______________________________________________________""V('$$*_____________________________________________________________________""D(*('$$*_________________________________________________________________"" TIPOS DE BIODIGESTORES CONTINUOS______________________________________""

._____________________________________________________________________________"9B+3/+4(*'3% /+*&3'+-3 3 /( &$%4$ +'(%0+'('(________________________________":

• V('$$* /( 2+3/+4(*'3% /+*&3'+-3_____________________________________":

BIO&AS___________________________________________________________________()USO DEL BIOGAS_________________________________________________________________"6PRODUCCION DEL BIOGAS_______________________________________________________"6

BIO% O FE'TI%I*ANTE %+QUIDO,_________________________________________(-

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOP;4+$ 1



ENERGIA BIOMASICA

PROPIEDADES DEL BIOL._________________________________________________________"7PROCESO DE PRODUCCION DEL BIOL_____________________________________________"8

PREPARADO TRADICIONAL_____________________________________________________"8PREPARADO MEORADO________________________________________________________"!

VENTAAS DEL BIOL______________________________________________________________"!

DESVENTAAS DEL BIOL__________________________________________________________"!BIOSO% O FE'TI%I*ANTE SO%IDO,_______________________________________.0

CARACTERISTICAS_______________________________________________________________9#VENTAAS DEL USO DEL BIOSOL__________________________________________________9#

BIOETANO%_______________________________________________________________.0P%3&(*3__________________________________________________________________________91

1<= D+-&+>____________________________________________________________________91"<= C3(%*+>_________________________________________________________________919<= F(%0('$&+> A&3?>+&$____________________________________________________91:<= D(*'+$&+>_________________________________________________________________915<= D(*?+/%$'$&+>_____________________________________________________________91

UTILIDADES DEL BIOETANOL_____________________________________________________91NORMATIVA______________________________________________________________________91VENTAAS________________________________________________________________________9"INCONVENIENTES________________________________________________________________9"

E% #OM/OSTAE__________________________________________________________..

E% /'E#OM/OSTAE______________________________________________________..

BA#TE'IA QUE INTE'IENEN EN TODO /'O#ESO_____________________..

CENTRALES DE BIOMASA:__________________________________________14

A NIE% NA#IONA%_______________________________________________________.$L$ &('%$ '@%0+&$ /( H-$&33%3_________________________________________________9:C('%$ '(%03(@&'%+&$ 0$( ('$3______________________________________________95

A NIE% MUNDIA%________________________________________________________.-PLANTA IRONBRIDGE DE 740 MW, EN REINO UNIDO: ___________________________________9!PLANTA ALHOLMENS KRAFT DE 265 MW, EN FINLANDIA: _______________________________:#PLANTA POLANIEC DE 205 MW, EN POLONIA: __________________________________________:1PLANTA KYMIJR!I II DE "60 MW, EN FINLANDIA: ______________________________________:"PLANTA !AASA DE "40 MW, EN FINLANDIA: ____________________________________________:9PLANTA WISAPOWER DE "40 MW, EN FINLANDIA: ______________________________________::PLANTA NHPP DE "40 MW, EN ESTADOS UNIDOS: _____________________________________:5

PLANTA KAUKAAN !OIMA DE "25 MW, EN FINLANDIA: __________________________________:6PLANTA SEINJOKI DE "25 MW, EN FINLANDIA: ________________________________________:7FRANCIA_________________________________________________________________________51

FINLANDIA $'$ A?30(* %$,'_____________________________________________59L$ &$(,$&&+> -%2$$__________________________________________________________59G%$/( CFB=&$/(%$ /( 0-/3________________________________________________59

Propietarios ___________________________________________________________34

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOP;4+$ "



ENERGIA BIOMASICA

____________________________________________________________________________2$ESPAA P$'$ /( 2+30$*$ /( M+$$/$*__________________________________________55

¿ES ECON.MICA LA BIOMASA?_____________________________________36

Imac!o am%in!a$__________________________________________________35

LOS RESIDUOS COMO ,ROBLEMA__________________________________3

EL TRATAMIENTO DE LOS RESIDUOS_______________________________62

'esidus a3r4clas 5erb6ces__________________________________________)1

'esidus a3r4clas le7ss______________________________________________)1

'ESIDUOS DE INDUST'IAS______________________________________________)(

%OS 'ESIDUOS S8%IDOS U'BANOS_____________________________________).R(*+/-3* *>+/3* /30+&++$%+3*____________________________________________________6:

Ti9s de residus________________________________________________________)2R(*+/-3* +3%4;+&3*.____________________________________________________________66R(*+/-3* 3%4;+&3*.______________________________________________________________66RESIDUOS ORGANICOS FORESTALES_____________________________________________67LOS RESIDUOS AGRÍCOLAS.______________________________________________________68

SOSTENIBILIDAD____________________________________________________6

CONCLUSION________________________________________________________5*

BIBLIO/RAFIA_______________________________________________________5+

INT'ODU##ION

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FUENTES DE BIOMASA


eacción que se lleva a cabo:

CO2 + H2O (H-COH) + O2



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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOP;4+$ 1#



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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOP;4+$ :1



ENERGIA BIOMASICA

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOP;4+$ :"



ENERGIA BIOMASICA

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOP;4+$ ::



ENERGIA BIOMASICA

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http://cdigital.uv.mx/bitstream/12345678/932/1/LopEZ%20MENDOZA%20CLAUDIA.pdf


http://agroaldia.minag.gob.pe/biblioteca/download/pdf/manualesboletines/bioenergia/biodigestores.pdf


http://www.utafoundation.org/publications/botero&preston.pdf





http://www.utafoundation.org/publications/botero&preston.pdf

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