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Voces 1 - Captulo 13 Los mandatos (imperativos) formales

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Los mandatos formales Command forms of verbs are used to tell someone what to do (positive command) or what not to do (negative command). For example: Open your book. Take out your homework. Dont talk! In Spanish, there are formal commands (Ud., Uds.) and informal (t) commands.

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Los mandatos formales (regulares) To form the Ud. and Uds. command forms: Take the present tense yo form Drop the o ending Add one of the following endings: Note that the formal command forms use the vowel opposite that which is usually associated with the conjugation. -ar verbs-er/-ir verbs Usted (Ud.)-e-a Ustedes (Uds.)-en-an

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Why start with the yo form? Verbs with irregularities in the yo form (stem- changes, -go verbs, irregular yo forms) have that same irregularity in the formal command forms. For example: Put the backpack on the floor. pongo pong- Ponga (Ud.) o Pongan (Uds.) la mochila en el piso.

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Spelling Changes -ar verbs that end in car, - gar, or zar will have a spelling change. For example: Buscar el libro. Llegar a tiempo. Empezar la tarea.

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How do I make a command negative? To make a formal command negative, place no before the verb. Dont talk! No hable! No hablen!

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Where do I put subject pronouns? If you choose to use the subject pronoun Ud. or Uds. with the command form, place the pronoun after the command. No hable Ud.! Hablen Uds.!

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Ejemplos You guys walk, dont run. Caminen (Uds.), no corran.

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Ejemplos Open the door, dont close the window. (Ud.) Abra (Ud.) la puerta, no cierre la ventana.

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Ejemplos You guys do the homework, dont go out. Hagan (Uds.) la tarea, no salgan.

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Los irregulares There are only five verbs that are irregular in the formal command form. Ud. commandUds. command dar estar ir saber ser dden estestn vayavayan sepasepan seasean

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Ejemplos You guys be smart, dont be stupid. Sean inteligentes, no sean estpidos.

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Ejemplos Give expensive presents, dont give cheap presents. (Ud.) D regalos caros, no d regalos baratos.

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Mandatos formales con pronombres Reflexive, indirect and direct object pronouns must be attached to the end of positive commands. When adding one pronoun, accent the 3 rd to last vowel. When adding two pronouns, accent the 4 th to last vowel. Por ejemplo: Lave los platos. Lvelos.

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Mandatos formales con pronombres Reflexive, indirect and direct object pronouns must precede negative commands. Por ejemplo: No lave los platos. No los lave.