with UNEP for Argentina, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador ......Cuba, 10400 . Havana, Cuba . Country...

with UNEP for Argentina, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay and Uruguay 8 November 2019 | NDA Strengthening, including country programming (SP, NDA, CP)

Programme title: Advancing a regional approach to e-mobility in Latin America

Country: Argentina, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay and Uruguay.

National designated authority:

Architect Ignacio Lorenzo, Ministry of Housing, Land Planning and Environment, Climate Change Division, Uruguay

Mr. Augustin Mai, National Office of Projects with International Finance Institutions, Ministry of Treasury, Argentina.

MSc. Carlos Manuel Rodríguez, Ministry of Environment and Energy, Costa Rica

Dr. José Fidel Santana Núñez, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, Cuba

Mr. Fernando Andrés López Larreynaga, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, El Salvador

Mr. Alfonso Rafael Alonzo Vargas, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Guatemala.

Mr. Jose Antonio Galdames, Ministry of Energy, Natural Resources, Environment and Mining

Mr. Uriel Pérez Acuña, Ministry of Finance and Public Credit, Nicaragua

Mr. Milciades Concepción, Ministry of Environment, Panamá

Mr.Carlos Alberto Pereira Olmedo, Secretariat of Planning for Economic and Social Development, Paraguay

Implementing Institution: UN Environment

Date of first submission: 31 May 2019

Date of current submission / version number

2 September 2019 V.2.1

Readiness and Preparatory Support Page 2 of 33

How to complete this document?

- Please visit the Empowering Countries page of the GCF website to download the Readiness Guidebook and learn how to access funding under the GCF Readiness and Preparatory Support Programme.

- This document should be completed by National Designated Authorities (NDA) or focal points with support from their Delivery Partners where relevant. Once completed, this document should be submitted to the GCF by the NDA or focal point to [email protected].

- Please be concise. If you need to include any additional information, please attach it to the proposal. - If the Delivery Partner implementing the Readiness support is not a GCF Accredited Entity for project

Funding Proposals, please complete the Financial Management Capacity Assessment (FMCA) questionnaire and submit it prior to or with this Readiness proposal. The FMCA is available for download at the Library page of the GCF website.

Where to get support?

- If you are not sure how to complete this document, or require support, please send an e-mail to [email protected].

- You can also complete as much of this document as you can and then send it to [email protected], copying both the Readiness Delivery Partner and the relevant GCF Country Dialogue Specialist and Regional Advisor. Please refer to the Country Profiles page of the GCF website to identify the relevant GCF Country Dialogue Specialist and Regional Advisor.

- We will get back to you within five (5) working days to acknowledge receipt of your submission and discuss the way forward.

Please submit the completed form to:

[email protected]

Please use the following naming convention for the file name: “GCF Readiness Proposal-[Country]-[yymmdd]”

Note: Environmental and Social Safeguards and Gender

Throughout this document, when answering questions and providing details, please make sure to pay special attention to environmental, social and gender issues, particularly to the situation of vulnerable populations, including women and men. Please be specific about proposed actions to address these issues. Consult Annex IV of the Readiness Guidebook for more information.

https://www.greenclimate.fund/how-we-work/empowering-countries

mailto:[email protected]

https://www.greenclimate.fund/library/-/docs/list/574044



https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries



1. SUMMARY


Country submitting the proposal

Proposal is supported by the following NDAs: Country Name: Argentina Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: National Office of Projects with International Finance Institutions, Ministry of Treasury, Argentina Name of contact person: Mr. Augustin Mai Contact person’s position: Director of National Office of Projects with International Finance Institutions Telephone number: +5411 4349 6212 Email: [email protected] Full office address: 250, Hipólito Yrigoyen Street, 10th Floor, Office 1006, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina 1086AAB Country name: Costa Rica Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Ministry of Environment and Energy Name of contact person: Msc. Carlos Manuel Rodriguez Contact person’s position: Minister of Environment and Energy Telephone number: +506 2257 9318 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Calle 25, Av. 8-10. San Jose, Costa Rica Country name: Cuba Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment Name of contact person: Dr. José Fidel Santana Núñez Contact person’s position: Deputy Minister Telephone number: +537 837 0382 ext. 171 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Línea No 8 / N and O. Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución Habana, Cuba, 10400 Havana, Cuba Country name: El Salvador Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Minisry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARN) Name of contact person: Mr. Fernando Andrés López Larreynaga Contact person’s position: Minister Telephone number: +503 2132-9418 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Km. 5-1/2 Carretera a Santa Tecla, calle y colonia Las Mercedes, Edificio MARN, San Salvador, El Salvador Country name: Guatemala Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Name of contact person: Mr Alfonso Rafael Alonzo Vargas Contact person’s position: Minister of Environment and Natural Resources Telephone number: +502 2423 0500 Email: [email protected] / [email protected] / Full office address: 7 avenida 03-67 Zona 13, Guatemala City, Guatemala Country name: Honduras Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Ministry of Energy, Natural Resources, Environment and Mining Name of contact person: Mr Jose Antonio Galdames Contact person’s position: Secretary of State Telephone number: +504 2239 4296 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Edificio Principal, 200 metros al Sur del Estadio Nacional. Honduras




Country name: Nicaragua Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Ministry of Finance and Public Credit Name of contact person: Mr Uriel Pérez Acuña Contact person’s position: Direct of Public Credit Telephone number: +505 22224956 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Ministerio de Hacienda y Credito Publico, Avenida Bolivar Frente a la Asamblea Nacional. Managua, Nicaragua Country name: Panama Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Ministry of Environment Name of contact person: Mr. Milciades Concepción Contact person’s position: Minister Telephone number: +507 500-0891 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Building 804, Albrook. Panama Country name: Paraguay Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Secretariat of Planning for Economic and Social Development STP Name of contact person: Mr Jorge Gonzalez Contact person’s position: Economist at General Coordination of Inclusive Economic Growth Telephone number: +595961650626 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Estrella 505 esquina 14 de Mayo Country name: Uruguay Name of institution representing NDA or Focal Point: Ministry of Housing, Land Planning and Environment, Climate Change Division Name of contact person: Architect Ignacio Lorenzo Contact person’s position: Director of Climate Change Telephone number: +598 2917 0710 Email: [email protected] Full office address: Zabala 1432, 4o piso, Montevideo 11000, Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay

Date of initial submission 31 May 2019

Last date of resubmission

Click or tap to enter a date. (Please update for each resubmission.) Click or tap to enter a date. (Please update for each resubmission.)

Version number V.##

Which institution will implement the Readiness and Preparatory Support project?

☐ National designated authority ☐ Accredited entity ☒ Delivery partner Please provide contact information if the implementing partner is not the NDA/focal point Name of institution: UN Environment Name of official: Leo Heileman Position: Regional Director for Latin America and the Caribbean Telephone number: +507 305-3100


Email: [email protected] Full office address: Edificio 103, Ave. Alberto O. Tejeda, Ciudad del Saber, Clayton, Panamá

Additional email addresses that need to be copied on correspondences: [email protected]; [email protected];

Title of the Readiness support proposal

“Advancing a regional approach to E-Mobility in Latin America”

Type of Readiness support sought

Please select the relevant GCF Readiness activity area below (click on the box): ☐ I. Country capacity for engagement with GCF ☐ II. Country programming process ☐ III. Direct access to climate finance ☒ IV. Climate finance accessed ☐ V. Formulation of national adaptation planning and/or other adaptation planning processes




Brief summary of the request

Transport is responsible for almost one-quarter (23%) of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to energy and is growing faster than any other end-use energy sector given its reliance on fossil fuels. GHG emissions from transport are expected to increase by almost 20% by 2030 and close to 50% by 2050, unless major actions are taken. In Latin America, transport accounted for 67 million tonnes of CO2e in 2015. According to the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC), transport was responsible for 22% of total reported short-lived climate pollutants (SLCP) in Latin American countries – which has a considerable negative impact on air quality. Moreover, poor air quality is now recognized as the single largest environmental health problem in the world. In response, electric mobility (or e-mobility) is growing exponentially across the world. Latin America is no exception. While this region is not on the forefront of this technology transition, there are already significant accomplishments and high-level political commitment to deploy the technology. Electric mobility provides the opportunity to modernize transport fleets while significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving air quality.

Despite the strong interest on electric mobility in the region and favorable conditions regarding clean energy sources, countries are still in an early stage of technology adoption and have been unable to achieve large-scale deployment. Several barriers are responsible for low level of penetration, inter alia, lack of knowledge and awareness about the negative impacts of fossil-based economy, limited supply, lack of experience, as well as limited charging infrastructure and grid integration, etc. However, the main barriers are related to incremental investment and lack of specialized financial mechanisms. Incremental investments are needed to cover the higher price for electric vehicles and required charging infrastructure compared to internal combustion equivalents, in spite of significant savings from operation and maintenance. The lack of specialized financial mechanisms is related to the previous barrier and given the lack of experience, increases financial risk and results in financing alternatives that hinder e-mobility adoption and large-scale deployment.

The project will support ten Latin American countries (namely, Argentina, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay and Uruguay) to identify and address the main barriers for electric mobility by providing the necessary assessments, capacities and financing alternatives to accelerate adoption of electric mobility technology. This will be done with a twofold approach: at a national and regional scale. Nationally, understanding that despite electric mobility is at an early stage in all participant countries, barriers and corresponding solutions may vary depending on each country’s context and priorities. Regionally, by identifying transboundary issues and potentiating multi-country collaboration. At the moment, it is common for countries in the region to undertake an isolated or stand-alone approach to address their challenges associated to e-mobility adoption despite the potential common barriers or drivers between countries, which could benefit from a regional approach.

The project will demonstrate the benefits of coordinating national e-mobility efforts through regional cooperation and peer learning. This includes as part of the project outcomes, the following:

- Regional capacity to assess e-mobility technology are strengthened in the context of broader climate change mitigation strategies

- Enabling policy and business models to scaleup e-mobility adoption are identified and improved

- Climate finance strategies and regional e-mobility pipeline are strengthened (including GCF concept notes)


The GCF Readiness project will focus on public transport and high rate of utilization vehicle fleets. Overtime this initiative will result in quantified reduction of GHG emissions and significant improvement of air quality due to the technological change in transportation and consolidated regional market for e-mobility solutions. These elements will be further assessed in the feasibility studies undertaken by this project and implemented through the proposals that participant countries may wish to put forward for funding from GCF.


Total requested

amount and currency

USD 2,000,000.00 Anticipated

duration: 24 months


Has the country

received or is expecting to receive other

Readiness and

Preparatory Support funding

allocations (including adaptation planning)

from GCF or other

donors?

☒ Yes ☐ No

All ten participant countries All ten participant countries (Argentina, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay and Uruguay), do have national Readiness initiatives in progress, for climate change related issues, different from e-mobility, as shown in the table below. To ensure synergy and coordination as well as avoid any overlaps with ongoing projects, the proposed project implementation structure will ensure collaboration with ongoing GCF readiness projects listed below as well as non – readiness under preparation.

Country Readiness funding approved Delivery Partner

for Readiness funding approved

Readiness funding

requested Argentina Strengthening climate finance

and NDC implementation by developing mitigation proposals through participatory federal process (US$$431,226.00) Adaptation Planning ($2,999,964.00)

Fundación Avina UNDP

USD 200,000.00

Costa Rica Costa Rica: Towards Responsible Sustainable Finance for Climate Action (US$300,000) Adaptation Planning (US$2,861,917)

CAF UN Environment

USD 200,000.00

Cuba NDA Strengthening, including country programming (333,300)

UNDP USD 200,000.00

El Salvador NDA Strengthening and Country Programming ($300,000)

Technical Secretariat of External Financing

USD 300,000.00

Guatemala Implementation of Readiness Support in Guatemala: Strengthening institutional capacities of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Guatemala as the focal point for the GCF, and a broader group of stakeholders (US$371,300) Preparation of DNA with better information for financing proposals of the AFOLU sector in Guatemala (US$813,294)

IUCN FAO

USD 200,000.00

Honduras NDA Strengthening + Country Programming (US$300,000) Direct Access Entity Support (US$37,000)

Min Ambiente PWC

USD 200,000.00


Supporting strategic planning to engage with the GCF and comply with the national commitments under the Paris Agreement regarding the LULUCF sector (US$764,960) Strengthening the understanding of Social and Environmental Safeguards applicable to climate change programmes and projects in Honduras (US$235,200)

UN Environment PWC UN Environment

Panama Panama Readiness Support Proposal 2017 ($926,046.30)

CAF USD 200,000.00

Nicaragua Direct Access Entity Support (US$36,626.00) Enhancing Nicaragua’s climate governance framework to access GCF resources ($746,217) Structured Dialogue of the Indigenous Peoples of Latin America and the Caribbean ($150,764)

PWC IDB FAO

USD 200,000.00

Paraguay Strategic Framework (US$592,813) Paraguay: “Strengthen mechanisms for access and financing of projects to address the challenges of climate change” (US$300,000)

Fundación Avina CAF

USD 200,000.00

Uruguay Green Climate Fund Readiness and Preparatory Support – Uruguay - Second phase ($509,696) CND capacity strengthening for direct access to GCF in Uruguay (US$91,810) Environmental and social safeguards and gender roster support (94,084.50) Green Climate Fund Readiness and Preparatory Support – Uruguay (US$370,000) Adaptation Planning ($2,735,615)

UNDP Corporación Nacional para el Desarrollo (CND) PWC UNDP UNDP

USD 200,000.00


It is important to note that Costa Rica has submitted a CN and PPF request to GCF for the project “Construction, Equipment, and Commissioning of High-Speed Passenger Train System in the Greater Metropolitan Area”, which is currently under revision.

2. BACKGROUND

Electric mobility or electromobility or "e-mobility" 1 is a priority measure for LAC countries as a mean to decarbonize their transport sub-sector and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Transport sector is responsible for almost one-quarter (23 percent) of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to energy and is growing

1 For the purpose of this project, electric mobility or (e-mobility) will refer to all means of transport of people and/or goods that results in a vehicle that (1) can be moved partially or totally by an electric drivetrain and (2) can be plugged-in to charge its energy storage. This definition includes battery electric vehicles (or BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs).


faster than any other end-use energy sector. GHG emissions from transport are expected to increase by almost 20% by 2030 and close to 50% by 2050, unless major actions are taken. Limiting the global temperature increase to less than 2 degrees Celsius requires changing this trajectory of transport emissions, which implies the development of an integrated electric mobility ecosystem, which encompasses several modes of transport, accompanied by low carbon production of electricity and hydrogen, implemented in conjunction with the broader principles of sustainable transport.2 In Latin America, transport accounted for 67 million tonnes of CO2e in 2015.

Electric mobility refers to any means of mobilizing people or goods that results in a vehicle driven with a hundred percent electric power, with zero emissions technology and that does not contain combustion engine. Electric mobility goes beyond private vehicles, also includes buses, taxis, minibuses, bicycles, motorcycles, small utilities, trucks, boats, trains and even airplanes.3

LAC region has favorable conditions to advance deployment of electric mobility technology, inter alia it’s the high renewable-based installed capacity to generate electricity; the high percentage of use of public transport buses and the specific weight of the transport sub-sector in the generation of greenhouse gases, which has resulted in many countries having prioritized the transport sector in their NDCs. The following image shows a summary of the incentives for electric mobility in countries of the region.

Category Policy instrument

Arge

ntin

a

Cos

ta R

ica

Gua

tem

ala

Hon

dura

s

Para

guay

Uru

guay

Purchase incentives

VAT rebate/exemption ✓ ✓ ✓ Import duty rebate/exemption ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Other ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Operation incentives

Property tax rebate/exemption ✓ ✓

Waiver on tolls or parking ✓

Other ✓ ✓

Other incentives

Waiver on driving restriction ✓ ✓ National Electric Mobility Strategy ✓ ✓ ✓

Regulation for charging stations ✓ ✓ ✓

✓ Complete incentive / Policy instrument approved and implemented ✓ Partial incentive / Policy instrument in design stage

Source: Modified from “Electric mobility: Developments in Latin America and the Caribbean and Opportunities for Regional Collaboration” UN Environment. 2018

2 Paris Declaration on Electric Mobility and Climate Change and Call to Action. UNFCCC 2015 3 Expanded Practical Guide for the development of a National Electric Mobility Strategy. UN Environment.


A short summary of current status and efforts in participant countries is presented below:

Argentina. Argentina is currently developing its national electric mobility strategy with the support from UN Environment. It is estimated that 50 electric vehicles are in circulation in the country and it is expected for a pilot project with 8 electric buses to start in the upcoming months in the city of Buenos Aires. In terms of fiscal incentives, Argentina provides fiscal incentives through partial reduction of import duty for private electric vehicles (Executive Decree 331/2017) and electric buses (Executive Decree 51/2018). Moreover, the Province of Santa Fe has approved a provincial law which aims to promote industrialization of electric vehicles and deployment of the technology through fiscal and non-fiscal incentives. Deployment of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in Argentina is at its early stage. Nonetheless, technical norms and standards have already been set in place for the installation of charging units. Due to the country’s large lithium reserves and its recognized industrial history in the region, the commitment to transport electrification extends beyond the environmental aspect of sustainable mobility. Hence, opportunities for industrialization of electric vehicles as well as value chain formation related to lithium ion batteries is also been explored by Argentina. According to Argentina’s GHG Inventory, GHG emissions from transport have grown almost continuously since 1990 and accounted for 56.93 million tonnes of CO2e in 2014, roughly 15.5% of total national GHG emissions.

Costa Rica. Costa Rica has an absolute and unconditional emissions reduction target to keep net GHG emissions below 9.37 MtCO2e by 2030, according to its Nationally Determined Contribution. According to Costa Rica’s GHG Inventory, GHG emissions from transport accounted for 4.96 million tonnes of CO2e in 2012, roughly 44% of total national GHG emissions. Acknowledging that transport is key to achieving this target, the government has developed a series of policies and commitments for this sector. First, the National Decarbonization Plan stipulates that by 2035, 25% of the vehicle fleet will be electric and 70% of buses and taxis will be zero emission. Second, Electricity Incentives Promotion Law 19744 is the first comprehensive law focused on electric mobility in the region. Law 19744 is complemented by a set of decrees which provide fiscal and non-fiscal incentives to electric vehicles and charging infrastructure and dictates that 5% of the bus fleet will be replaced by electric equivalents every two years. The enactment of Law 19744 has dynamized private electric vehicle sales, which four-folded in 2018, compared to previous year. Third, the National Electric Transport Plan defines a regulatory roadmap for electric vehicles and charging infrastructure. This Plan also defines tariffs for electric public transport. Fourth, the National Initiative for the Electrification of Public Transport was launched by the Costa Rican government as an inter-institutional task force to coordinate and support technical assistance projects on electric public transport. As part of this initiative, a project proposal (child project) was submitted to the seventh replenishment of the Global Environment Facility (GEF7) focused on the development of a specialized financial instrument for electric bus mass-scale deployment – this proposal is part of the GEF7 Global Programme to Support Countries with the Shift to Electric Mobility. Coordination with this project is sought including from the knowledge management perspective, should it be approved . Regarding private sector, in September 2021, all public transport bus concessions in Costa Rica will expire, providing an unprecedented window of opportunity to improve bus service and modernize fleets. The investment framework is focused on this historical momentum and aims to create enabling conditions for deployment and scaleup of electric buses in Costa Rica.

Cuba. According to Cuba’s Nationally Determined Contribution, the energy sector (including transport) was responsible for 76% of the greenhouse gas emissions in 20210. Electric vehicles have been introduced in Cuba for the tourism sector and government fleets. At the moment, a small fleet of electric passenger vehicles and 2-wheelers is available in vehicle rental companies for foreign visitors. In addition, an electric taxi is also operating in Cuba. In 2017, a 12-meter battery electric bus was showcased in the International Fair of Havana and has been operating in a commercial public transport route in Havana since early 2018. Electric bikes and electric motorcycles are also in circulation in the country. Cuba has the third largest reserves of cobalt and ranks among the top producers worldwide, a critical element for electric vehicle’s batteries manufacturing.

El Salvador. According to El Salvador’s Third National Communication on Climate Change to the UNFCCC, in 2018, “the transport sector represents one of the biggest challenges for the country towards implementing a low carbon economy” because of its dependence on fossil fuels as well as a 63% increase of the vehicle fleet compared to 2005. Regarding public transport, a bus rapid transit system was built in San Salvador in 2013 and was named “Integrated Transportation System of the Metropolitan Area of San Salvador” (SITRAMSS). This BRT system is expanding as it


operates. Regarding electric mobility, in 2018 an electric vehicle was introduced in the country by the local electric utility Electricidad del Sur (DEL SUR). In this regard, the government of El Salvador has expressed its interest to promote electric mobility as a mean to protect the environment. On the other hand, the private sector has organized various events related to electric mobility in the country.

Guatemala. According to estimations from the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Guatemala, transport accounted for 12.41 million tonnes of CO2e in 2013. Executive Decree 7-2013 prioritizes transport as a strategic subsector for greenhouse reduction. Guatemala’s NDC aims to reduce 26% of GHG emissions by 2030, if technical and financial international support are provided. In 2016, Guatemala’s vehicular fleet accounted for 52 electric vehicles. According to the National Energy Plan 2017-2032, the number of electric vehicles will increase significantly by 2032 to about 4,500 units. The plan also suggests the development of charging stations, incentives for purchase of electric and hybrid vehicles and tax benefits for more efficient vehicles. To date, Guatemala provides a partial reduction of import duty to electric vehicles from 25% to 5%. There are pilot projects being implemented related to electric mobility in the country, inter alia light-cargo electric fleets, electric bicycles for the National Civil Police, an electric three-wheeler pilot project in Chimaltenango with support from the Ministry of Environment and National Resources, as well as other private sector initiatives.

Honduras. Since 2014, Honduras has prioritized public transport and private vehicles as a priority for the development Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) two of them are from the transport sector, one for public transport and the other for private vehicles. The Government of Honduras was one of the signatories of international partnership “Driving Change Together”, launched in the last Conference of the Parties (COP24), held in Katowice, Poland to accelerate the path towards electric mobility, which aims to expand the deployment of zero emissions vehicles, increase green public transport and improve air quality in cities. Based on this commitment, Honduras has the firm intention of integrating it into a model of sustainable mobility that integrates the development of different mobility and transport options that provide safe, healthy and efficient alternatives to the population of the main urban centers of the country.

In this regard, a technical and discussion group on sustainable mobility has been organized, consisting of the Honduran Transport Institute, the National Electric Energy Company, the Revenue Administration Service of Honduras, the Presidential Office of Climate Change and the Secretariat of Natural Resources and Environment.

Honduras is also working on a pilot proposal on sustainable mobility with the support of the Central American Development Bank (CABEI). The expected results of this initiative are: development and launch of the country's Sustainable Mobility Policy and the establishment of legislative enabling conditions that support their implementation along with the incorporation of taxis and at least two electric buses in two cities of the country.

Nicaragua. According to Nicaragua’s Third National Communication on Climate Change to the UNFCCC, in 2010, Nicaragua had a fleet of roughly 440,000 vehicles (most of which were light-duty passenger vehicles). Also, in 2010, transport was responsible for 38% of the energy-related greenhouse gas emissions in the country. According to Nicaragua’s Nationally Determined Contribution, the country is implementing a project for “the promotion of environmentally-sound transport in the Metropolitan Area of Managua” with the aim to reform the public transport system and reduce 892,000 metric tonnes of CO2 over 20 years timeframe. At the moment, electric vehicles are not commercialized in the country yet. However, hybrid light-duty passenger vehicles are available.

Panama. According to the latest greenhouse emission inventory, mobile combustion was responsible for 24% of the national emissions and 41% of the energy-related emissions. In response, Panama recently launched its National Electric Mobility Strategy, this initiative was led by the Ministry of Environment and the National Secretariat of Energy, with support from UN Environment. The formulation of the strategy involved a consultation process with multiple relevant stakeholders, which led to the definition of short- and medium-term activities and targets. Regarding the latter, Panama has set the goal (1) of having 25-40% of the vehicle sales as electric by 2030, (2) electrifying between 10-20% of its private vehicle fleet by 2030, (3) electrifying between 15-35% of its public transport bus fleet by 2030 and (4) electrifying between 25-50% of its government official vehicle fleet by 2030. According to National Electric Mobility Strategy of Panama, the country has estimated fleet of 48 (battery) electric vehicles, 170 plug-in hybrid vehicles and 1,961 hybrid vehicles.In November 2017, an 9-meter electric bus was introduced in Panama. Followed by a pilot project


in August 2018, were another 9-meter electric bus was introduced to serve a commercial bus line in Panama City. At the moment, a partnership between a local electric utility and the municipal public transport bus company is expected to introduce an additional 12-meter electric bus in a more demanding bus line in the City of Panama. In addition, six battery electric taxis have been introduced in the city of Colon, in the Caribbean, together with a fast charger to support the electric taxi service in this city. Although, commercial supply of electric vehicles is yet limited, the country is starting to deploy public electric vehicle chargers and is revising the fiscal incentives to electric vehicles.

Paraguay. According to Paraguay’s Third National Communication to the UNFCCC, 4.51 million tonnes of CO2 in 2012, roughly 91% of energy-related CO2 emissions in the country. Paraguay is taking significant steps to promote a technological transition to electric mobility through the design of new policies and the implementation of national programs. Overall, the prospects for the implementation of sustainable electric mobility are positive given the great existing installed capacity and untapped potential hydropower generation, as 100% of its electricity generation mix is highly reliable, virtually emissions free and competitive in economic terms. Paraguay, with a current electricity demand below 50 percent of its available capacity, relies on three hydropower plants for almost 100% of its electricity generation.

Paraguay has adopted policies aiming to foster electric mobility. For example, Law 4.601/12 which dates back from 2012, promotes the import of electric vehicles by providing tax exemption of custom duty and VAT to new and second-hand vehicles. This law was amended by law 5.183/14, which restricts the tax exemption to new electric and hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, in 2014, the National Development Plan, the National Energy Policy and the Energy Efficiency Plan, set goals and targets aimed at implementing nation-wide electric mobility strategies.

Through the joint work of a public-private taskforce that comprises more than 20 public institutions and 15 institutions representing the private sector, civil society academia, and multilateral organizations, Paraguay is currently designing a National Strategy of Electric Mobility. The development of this strategy is funded by the Interamerican Development Bank and aims at addressing the challenges in regulations and charging infrastructure, proposing recommendations for incentives that will enhance the competitiveness of electric vehicles in Paraguay´s market, and designing instruments that will facilitate the transition to electric mobility.

In addition, the two largest state-owned hydroelectricity generating companies, Itaipu Binacional and Entidad Binacional Yacyreta, are implementing two “green-corridor projects” along the main national highways, Ruta 2-7 (330 km) and Ruta 1 (370 km) respectively. These projects include the installation of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles along the extension of the corridors and both are expected to be concluded by July of 2019. Additionally, the Interamerican Development Bank is cooperating with the Ministry of Public Works and Communications (Ministry of Public Works and Communications) and the Vice Ministry of Transportation in the design of a pilot project of electric buses for current public transportation routes.

Furthermore, the National Development Plan (PND) 2030 also includes emission reduction goals and targets (including the transport sector), reduction of the consumption of petroleum products, increased generation and consumption of clean renewable energies, as well as lines of action, such as the design of a Master Plan to encourage electric mobility. It is also important to mention that Paraguay is committed to reducing its emissions by 20% by 2030, according to its Nationally Determined Contributions. 50% of it is conditional on international cooperation in terms of financing, technology transfer, capacity building.

Uruguay. According to Uruguay’s GHG Inventory, transport accounted for 3.26 million tonnes of CO2e in 2012, roughly 40% of energy-related GHG emissions in the country. Uruguay also presents significant advances in its national agenda of transition to electric mobility, with several Ministries directly involved in the promotion of policies and concrete actions: Ministry of Industry, Energy and Mining (MIEM), Ministry of Housing, Land Planning and Environment (MVOTMA), Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), Ministry of Transport and Public Works (MTOP). These Ministries, together with the Public Electricity Company UTE and the Departmental Government of Montevideo are leading specific initiatives to expand the scope of electric mobility in the country. Uruguay has a set of instruments for the promotion of electric mobility that includes the following economic benefits for the incorporation of electric vehicles:

1. Reduction of Internal Specific Tax (IMESI) for hybrids and electric cars (Decree 246/012), according to which electric vehicles are taxed between 75% and 95% less IMESI than conventional vehicles;

2. Law on investment promotion (Decree 02/12) that grants benefits to projects whose investment generates benefits in different sectors, in particular, if the company presents a project where there is investment in electric


utility vehicles, it is reduced from 30% to more than 70% through the exoneration of IRAE (similar to the income tax);

3. Energy efficiency certificates, favoring electric vehicles with an economic benefit of 3% to 30% of the investment;

4. Exoneration of the global tariff rate (TGA) for cars and goods transport only with electric motor: 0% TGA. Promotion of the import of electric vehicles with a reduction of 23% to 0% of import tariffs.

5. Subsidy to purchase electric buses (Law 19670) that seeks to cover the initial investment gap between an electric bus and a conventional one. This subsidy was approved for up to 4% of the country's bus fleet.

Currently in Uruguay, the GEF project "Towards a sustainable and efficient urban mobility system" is implemented. It was approved in 2017, implemented by the United Nations Development Programme and executed in partnership between MIEM, MVOTMA and the Uruguayan International Cooperation Agency, whose vision is to establish an effective transition to an urban mobility system that is inclusive, adaptable, efficient and low carbon emissions, starting in the metropolitan area of Montevideo. The project should generate direct savings in emissions of at least 114,930 t CO2 in 10 years and indirect savings of at least 166,441 t CO2 10 years after the completion of the project. In addition, Uruguay already has an electric mobility project in the pipeline of projects submitted to the GCF to advance a pilot of 100 electric buses. Also in Uruguay, the First Exhibition of the Electric Car and Intelligent Cities was held between July 26 and 29, 2018.

Uruguay is currently implementing a National Urban Mobility Policy (NUMP) project. The Uruguayan NUMP is one of the three projects selected last year in the framework of the Euroclima+ programme. Its objective is to develop strategic lines for a more sustainable urban mobility in the country, as well as to improve capacities for mobility planning in cities with an emphasis on electromobility.

As described in the previous summary, transport represents one of the largest and fastest growing energy-related GHG emission sources in the participating countries of the current GCF readiness proposal. Despite national efforts to promote electric mobility, this technology is still in an early stage of adoption and have been unable to achieve large-scale deployment. The key challenges that need to be addressed to enable large-scale deployment of electric mobility in the region are the following:

• Affordability: The biggest challenge in the Latin American market, which is very price sensitive, is cost of electric vehicles. Higher capital cost of electric vehicles (including required charging infrastructure) compared to internal combustion or hybrid vehicles hinders investments, despite operational and maintenance costs compensate of the total ownership of the vehicles. In the case of mass transit or vehicle fleets, this situation becomes more critical, since scale of upfront investments is larger and consequently, differential upfront costs tend to be wider. In many cases, existing financial instruments tend to favor electric mobility technology. Hence, it is necessary to propose new business models or adapt existing instruments to remediate this situation.

• Lack of knowledge and experience: Electric mobility is still novel to the Latin American market. Despite the urgency to remediate the transport system, the region is still not moving at the same pace as other leading countries/regions, such as China or Nordic countries. Lack of experience has repercussions in electric mobility technology adoption. In this regard, it is important to engage not only with governments from participating countries, but also with private sector representatives and consumers and increase knowledge and awareness, but also to jointly design and launch mechanisms to promote electric mobility technology.

• Lack of a regional approach: Most the efforts being done in the region to promote electric mobility technology are taking place at a national level. Although there are significant achievements from participating countries so far, there is an untapped potential to complement deployment of electric mobility with a regional approach among participating countries. Countries may benefit, not only from knowledge exchange, but also from a transboundary formulation of policy instruments and business models for the promotion of electric mobility.

Regional initiatives on e-mobility. Related to the last challenge mentioned above, the relevance of a regional approach has been recognized by LAC countries and evidenced in the discussions and decisions adopted in specialized technical events and high-level ministerial forums. During the XXI Meeting of the Forum of Ministers of the


Environment of Latin America and the Caribbean held on October 2018, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, one of the decisions taken on climate change establishes the mandate for governments to promote development, regional collaboration and information exchange on national/regional strategies, as well as the formulation of public policy instruments on innovation, clean technologies and sustainable urban transport and mobility4. In addition, in light of the decisions and outcomes of the XXI Meeting of the Dialogue of Ministers of Environment, Costa Rica and Argentina organized a high-level regional dialogue to promote regional cooperation on electric mobility. The aforementioned regional dialogue was supported by 13 countries in total (namely, Argentina, Barbados, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Granada, Honduras, Mexico Saint Lucia and Uruguay) and affirmed the willingness of these countries to cooperate in the following fields5:

• Learning with respect to the strategies and regulatory frameworks of electric mobility with emphasis on urban public transport and low emission and resilient development of the countries

• Financial instruments and/or business models that promote electric mobility. • Creation of capacities and exchange of knowledge and information for the public and private sector, society,

users and academia, among others. • Collaboration for pilot projects in countries or cities. • Explore synergies and opportunities in areas such as public health and the creation of innovative industries

and decent work, such as recharging and digital services related to electric mobility.

In May 2018, a Regional Workshop on Electric Mobility Legislation was held in the city of Buenos Aires, with participation of Congressmen and Congresswomen from nine countries of Latin America (namely, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay) to exchange lessons learned and knowledge in terms of policy related to the promotion and regulation of electric mobility. Representatives from private sector (from the automotive industry and electric utilities), as well as international research institutions, also participated. As an outcome of this event, a Latin American group of Legislators for the Promotion of Electric Mobility was formed6.

E-mobility in LAC and the GCF. Considering the common interest of the countries to advancing the electric mobility agenda, both nationally and regionally, and the alignment of this initiative with the GCF results framework, representatives of the NDAs of several countries expressed interest in exploring GCF's funding opportunities to support efforts in electric mobility. An important aspect to consider is that, to date, the financing granted by the GCF to the transport sector is minimal, resulting in an opportunity for the Fund to demonstrate concrete advances in leveraging transformational processes in this subsector, as well as supporting regional integration processes through south-south cooperation.

Specifically, in the context of the sectorial working groups established during the GCF Latin America Structured Dialogue held in March 2018 in Colombia, one of the priority topics was the axis of infrastructure, cities and transport and, within this, the issue of opportunities around electric mobility. The representatives of Uruguay, Chile and Costa Rica advanced conversations to explore the possibility of preparing a project proposal on the subject. This interest was reiterated in October 2018 during the Global Conference of NDAs in Songdo, Korea, identifying the opportunity to access resources of the "Readiness" Program through a regional proposal that addresses the different dimensions of electric mobility, including the elaboration of a common analysis framework, aspects of access to technology and technological innovation, prices, barriers and mobilization of the private sector. The initiative led by Uruguay was supported by the representatives of Costa Rica, Chile. The group decided to install an ad hoc working group to advance the discussion, explore the interest of other countries and initiate the preparation of a concept note.

In follow-up, the representative of the NDA of Uruguay convened a first telephone conference to discuss general aspects of the regional readiness proposal. Participant countries asked the Fund to support the development of a first "non paper" basic concept note. It was agreed that once the initial consensus document is available, it will be circulated to the NDAs of the region to explore their interest to join the initiative. A regional survey to populate the document and

4 Decisions XXI Meeting of the Forum of Ministers of Environment of Latin America and the Caribbean Buenos Aires, Argentina, 9-12 October 2018. Decision 2 on climate change. 5 For more information refer to “UN Environment (2018) Electric Mobility: Developments in Latin America and the Caribbean and Opportunities for Regional Collaboration, page 43” available at: http://movelatam.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/MOVE-2018-Regional-report-electric-mobility.pdf 6 For more information, refer to: http://movelatam.org/legisladores-de-america-latina-debaten-politicas-publicas-en-favor-de-la-movilidad-electrica-en-la-region/

http://movelatam.org/legisladores-de-america-latina-debaten-politicas-publicas-en-favor-de-la-movilidad-electrica-en-la-region/

http://movelatam.org/legisladores-de-america-latina-debaten-politicas-publicas-en-favor-de-la-movilidad-electrica-en-la-region/


explore interest of other NDAs was circulated during February-March 2019. As a result, a first group of seven countries (Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Chile, Guatemala, Honduras and Uruguay) confirmed their strong interest to move forward with a regional proposal, including their willingness to contribute each with a portion of the resource of their annual allocation, in order to consolidate a meaningful and representative proposal of the interests of all. The proposal would be presented by a leading country, Uruguay, accompanied by support notes from Argentina, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and Paraguay.

Based on the aforementioned challenges to enable large-scale deployment of electric mobility in the Latin American region and specially in the participating countries, the current GCF readiness proposal aims to create enabling conditions to generate aggregate demand in Latin America for electric mobility, allowing countries to generate a new value chain and take advantage of economy of scale, as well as access the best available technology, through the preparation of funding proposals which could be presented to the GCF and other international financial sources to implement electric mobility initiatives at sub national, national, regional or global scale. For this end, the proposal consists of three main components:

1. Regional capacity to assess e-mobility technology are strengthened in the context of broader climate change mitigation strategies: This outcome will be divided into three main sub-components. The first, will focus on a technical feasibility of electric mobility among participating countries and an analysis of barriers with a regional approach. Secondly, a capacity building and knowledge exchange platform will be designed and launched through a specialized online community of practice targeted at public technical officers and other key stakeholders in charge of decision-making and planning in participating countries. It is important to mention that the design of this community of practice will take into consideration and will aim to coexist with other similar initiatives. Perhaps, the main differentiator between the community of practice proposed by the GCF readiness proposal and other similar initiatives is that the content of the capacity building programme will be tailored-made for participating countries based on the feasibility analysis and analysis of barriers conducted earlier in this component. Thirdly, in order to promote South-South cooperation, one technical experience exchange will be facilitated based on strategic fields of work identified by the GCF readiness project.

2. Enabling policy and business models to scaleup e-mobility adoption are identified and improved: This outcome will be divided into three main sub-outcomes. Firstly, an in-depth analysis of policy, legal frameworks and business models related to electric mobility, including the identification of potential instruments to fill existing gaps, as well as the evaluation of potential pathways for regional harmonization of regulations, policies or standards related to electric mobility. This sub-outcome also includes a baseline analysis of existing business models as well as review and proposal of improvements of green procurement of electric mobility, with a focus on electric public transport and vehicle fleets. Secondly, in order to improve engagement with private sector and consumers, consultation workshops will be carried out in each participating country to present and validate most appropriate business models for electric mobility adoption. Thirdly, a regional governance structure will be set in place to track progress of the readiness project and promote multi-country coordination in terms electric mobility deployment. More specifically, an online tracking platform will be set in place to track progress, which will be linked to the online community of practice, which is part of the first outcome.

3. Climate finance strategies and regional e-mobility pipeline are strengthened: The GCF readiness project will end with (1) the formulation and submission of concept notes related to electric mobility with the aim to strengthen the regional project pipeline and (2) the development of national electric mobility plans in Guatemala and Honduras.

Comparative advantage of UN Environment as Delivery Partner. UN Environment’s comparative advantage on climate change lies in its broad role regarding environmental issues within the UN system. The organization brings over 25 years of experience in climate change issues, and a long term, systemic, and comprehensive approach to climate change mitigation and adaptation that differs materially from that of other actors in that it is linked, where possible, to other environmental concerns of countries such as pollution, natural resource depletion and ecosystem degradation. UN Environment also focuses on linking the science of climate change to policy in a manner that makes it distinctive.


UN Environment is uniquely placed to work with the GCF to ensure the protection and sustainable use of the environment and the transition to a green economy. The mandate of the GCF resonates at the core of UN Environment’s purpose, seeking to foster with the GCF a shared vision towards achieving these goals. The UN Environment-GCF partnership will therefore catalyze and sustain green solutions to mitigating and adapting to climate change.

Under the Framework Readiness and Preparation Support Grant Agreement signed between UN Environment and the GCF in October 2016, and amended December in 2017, UN Environment engages with countries that have selected it as a Delivery Partner for GCF-funded climate readiness activities including classic readiness, NAPs, REDD+ readiness projects, PPFs etc. UN Environment provides a wider range of services to countries seeking its support as Delivery Partner in line with the newly adopted Readiness and Preparatory Support Programme: Strategy for 2019-2021 and UN Environment Program of Work for climate change. Since September 2019, UNEP has supported 30 countries through 35 readiness support projects which translates into a readiness portfolio of USD 36 million.

Specific to the transport sector, UN Environment leads the Global Fuel Economy Initiative (GFEI), which assists policy makers in promoting greater fuel economy. GFEI works towards its goal of a more efficient global fleet through research, global advocacy and support to countries as they seek policy solutions. All participating countries of the current GCF readiness proposal are also part of GFEI. All of these countries have developed vehicle market inventories and fuel economy baselines. Participating countries, except Paraguay, have carried policy assessments for the introduction of cleaner and efficient vehicles. Under GFEI, regional and country workshops have been held on issues, such as harmonization of fuel quality and vehicle emission standards, air quality and second-hand vehicle import regulations and electric mobility. The current GCF Readiness proposal will aim to build on the work done by GFEI and focus on electric mobility technology in participating countries.

Regarding electric mobility, UN Environment is leading a Global Programme to Support Countries with the Shift to Electric Mobility was launched, as part of the Seventh Replenishment of the Global Environment Facility (GEF7), with the aim to support the rapid introduction of electric mobility in low- and middle-income countries. This programme will build on the basis of knowledge and outreach capacity developed by the International Energy Agency and UN Environment. As part of the first phase of the programme, 17 countries in total presented their project proposals (child projects), which were approved by GEF7 – this includes Antigua & Barbuda, Chile, Costa Rica, Jamaica, St. Lucia and Peru from Latin America and the Caribbean. Now, project preparation grant requests are being prepared by countries before starting with project approval and implementation. The programme will closely link to the GEF Sustainable Cities Impact Programme in cases where country projects have included electric mobility in their project design.

Specific to Latin America and the Caribbean, UN Environment launched MOVE (www.movelatam.org) more than 3 years ago, a regional platform with the aim of accelerating electric mobility in the region. MOVE provides capacity building to a network of more than 600 members, with a focus on public sector technical officers. Furthermore, MOVE provides technical assistance and climate resource mobilization. This has resulted in the formulation and implementation of technical assistance projects focused on electric buses in Costa Rica, as well as support to Colombia, Panama and Argentina in the formulation of their national electric mobility strategies. In terms of knowledge creation, MOVE publishes an annual status report focused on the advancement of electric mobility in Latin America and the Caribbean, Furthermore, MOVE has led the formulation of technical studies which link electric mobility and air quality in cities.

http://www.movelatam.org/


3. LOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

Outcomes Baseline7 Targets Activities8

(brief description and deliverables)

Anticipated duration: 24 months

Monthly implementation plan of activities9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Outcome 1: Regional capacity to assess e-mobility technology are strengthened in the context of broader climate change mitigation strategies

Sub-Outcome 1.1: Improved understanding by national and regional stakeholders of the existing e-mobility technical capacities and technologies in participating countries

1. Feasibility of some e-mobility technologies has been assessed, through general assessments conducted by cooperation agencies and some governments

2. Feasibility of all prioritized e-mobility technologies has been assessed and incorporated into planning processes

Activity 1.1.1: Develop in depth assessment and baseline of the state of e-mobility technology deployment in each participant country, including: i) status and availability of e-mobility technology; ii) characterization and inventory of road transport10 vehicle fleet, with a special focus on e-mobility and conventional hybrid electric vehicles, in each country; iii) estimation of projected technology adoption and identification of the impacts of e-mobility adoption, mainly in terms of GHG emissions, number of beneficiaries and other environmental and social co-benefits (e.g. air quality & public health). Deliverable 1.1.1: Regional baseline and assessment on e-mobility technology opportunities, challenges and needs, with a focus on public transport and vehicle fleets

X

Activity 1.1.2: Analysis of regional and country-specific barriers and recommendations to address barriers to e-mobility deployment, including but not limited to legal, financial, technological, industry, business, innovation (including local materials, manufacturing capacities, local content requirements) and social (including skills and labour and gender perspective) Deliverable 1.1.2: Report with analysis of regional and country-specific barriers and recommendation to address barriers to e-mobility adoption

X

Sub-Outcome 1.2: Regional capacities and knowledge sharing related to e-mobility are strengthened among public technical officers and relevant stakeholders related to e-mobility planning and deployment

1. Process for regional South-South cooperation to promote e-mobility, focused on capacity building, based on High-Level Regional Cooperation mandates, are under development

2. Processes for regional South-South cooperation to promote knowledge and experience exchange, based on High-Level Regional Cooperation,, are established and being implemented

Activity 1.2.1: Design of a Regional online Community of Practice to promote capacity building and knowledge sharing on e-mobility based on outcomes from Activities 1.1.2 and 2.1.1 Deliverable 1.2.1: Regional online Community of Practice with capacity building and knowledge sharing programme

X

Activity 1.2.2: Launch of a Regional online Community of Practice based on Activity 1.2.1 Deliverable 1.2.2: Report on the results of the Community of Practice, including number of people trained

X

Sub-Outcome 1.3: South–South cooperation to promote e-mobility knowledge and experience exchange is strengthened

1. Process for regional South-South cooperation to promote knowledge and experience exchange, based on High-Level Regional Cooperation mandates, are under development

2. Process for regional South-South cooperation to promote knowledge and experience exchange, based on High-Level Regional Cooperation, are established and being implemented

Activity 1.3.1: Design and conduction of one (1) technical experience exchange workshop based on strategic regional collaboration fields of work prioritized based on results derived from Activities 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 2.1.1 and defined by Steering Committee of the Project. Deliverable 1.3.1: One (1) Technical experiences exchange report

X

Outcome 2: Enabling policy and business models to scaleup e-mobility

Sub-Outcome 2.1: Enabling policy and business models for e-mobility are

1. Some appropriate policy, legal frameworks or business models have

2. The most appropriate policy, legal frameworks or business models have been identified or

Activity 2.1.1: Regional analysis of policy and legal frameworks , including: i) review of existing regulations, policies and standards related to e-mobility and conventional hybrid electric vehicles and identification of gaps and

X

7 For baselines rated at 1 or 2, please shortly elaborate on current baselines on which the proposed activities can be built on, processes that are in place that the current Readiness proposal can strengthen, or any gaps that the proposed activities would fill in. If more space is needed, please elaborate this in Section 2. 8 Please include tangible and specific deliverables for each activity proposed, and the timeframe (month number) in which it will be delivered to GCF. Please note that during implementation all deliverables should be included within the implementation reports for GCF consideration. 9 If the duration of the proposal is longer than 24 months, please change the monthly columns to indicate 2 or 3 months each (e.g. change month “1” to month “1-2’ or “1-3”). 10 Road transport refers to transportation of passengers and goods using roads, it does not include other types of transport such as maritime transport, rail transport or air transport


Outcomes Baseline7 Targets Activities8

(brief description and deliverables)

Anticipated duration: 24 months

Monthly implementation plan of activities9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 adoption are identified and improved

identified and improved

been identified in accordance with national strategies and plans. However, they have not been identified nor prioritized at a regional level

advanced and prioritized at a regional level in accordance with national strategies and plans

lessons learned to better guide regional approach; ii) review and propose regulations, policies and standards most suitable for beneficiary countries; iii) feasibility analysis for the harmonization of regulations, policies and/or standards, if applicable (e.g. electric vehicle charging infrastructure, interoperability, electric vehicle efficiency standards, end-of-life management of batteries and other critical parts); and iv) environmental and social safeguards associated to technology adoption; Deliverable 2.1.1: Regional analysis with recommendations of policy and legal frameworks to scaleup e-mobility adoption, with a focus on public transport and vehicle fleets

Activity 2.1.2: Regional analysis of business models, including: i) baseline of existing business models for e-mobility deployment, with a focus on public transport and vehicle fleets and vi) review and propose improvements for green public procurement and tenders of e-mobility Deliverable 2.1.2: Regional analysis with recommendations for business models and green procurement to scaleup e-mobility adoption, with a focus on public transport and vehicle fleets

X

Sub-Outcome 2.2: Public and private stakeholders engaged to identify most appropriate business models for e-mobility scaleup

0. Multi-sectorial engagement incipient or often absent

2 Stakeholders engaged in consultative process (governments, private sector citizens and financial institutions)

Activity 2.2.1: Regional consultation workshop with private sector representatives (e.g. vehicle industry, electric utilities, entrepreneurs) and financial institutions to consult and validate most appropriate business models for e-mobility adoption Deliverable 2.2.1: Consultation workshop report with participating countries

X

Activity 2.2.2: Establishment and/or strengthening, as appropriate, of an e-mobility task group in each participating country with a clear governance mechanism and a regional workplan. Deliverable 2.2.2: Report with (1) Officialization of e-mobility task groups in each participating country, (2) Governance mechanism for e-mobility task groups and (3) Workplan for e-mobility task groups

X

Sub-outcome 2.3: Regional governance is strengthened to track progress of readiness project

0. No process established for periodic participatory review and updating at a regional level are established.

2. Process for periodic participatory review and updating at a regional level are established and are being implemented.

Activity 2.3.1: Facilitation of bi-annual regional meetings of the Steering Committee to track progress of readiness project, with participation of designated representatives from national inter institutional working groups (Activity 2.2.2) Deliverable 2.3.1: Report from bi-annual meetings (4)

X X X X

Outcome 3 Climate finance strategies and regional pipeline strengthened

Sub-Outcome 3.1: Project concept note developed and submitted to GCF

1. Initial project concepts developed with partial alignment to the Country Programme

2. Pipeline of project proposals identified and priority project concept notes developed and submitted that are fully consistent with the Country Programme

Activity 3.1.1: Develop a prioritized regional pipeline of transformative investments on electric mobility Deliverable 3.1.1: Between one and four concept notes submitted to GCF, including a regional criteria of selection

X

Sub-Outcome 3.2 National E-Mobility Plans are developed for at least 2 countries

2. A climate finance strategy has been developed and is being used to define efforts to access a range of financing instruments for prioritised climate action. Some of the participating have developed or are developing electric mobility strategies, but not all of the participating countries

2. Pipeline of project proposals identified and priority project concept notes that are fully consistent with the Country Programme developed and submitted

Activity 3.2.1 Develop the national electric mobility plan for countries in an early stage of electric mobility adoption, taking into consideration inputs from project activities (e.g. Activity 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 2.1.1) and creating a link with each country’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), including a comparative scenario analysis (current and projected) of e-mobility with competing technologies (i.e. conventional hybrid electric vehicles) Deliverable 3.2.1 Two national electric mobility plans for Guatemala and Honduras

X


4. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (ONLY FOR ADAPTATION PLANNING SUPPORT)

This section is only to be completed when seeking support for formulation of national adaptation plans and/or other adaptation planning processes. Please see Part 3 Section 4 in the Readiness Guidebook and please limit to maximum of 500 words.


5. BUDGET, PROCUREMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, AND DISBURSEMENT

5.1 Budget plan Please complete the Budget Plan in Excel using the template available in the Library page of the GCF website.

Outcomes

Detailed Budget (in US$)

Total Budget (per

outcome)

Disbursement Plan

Budget Categories choose from the drop-down list Unit # of Unit Unit Cost

Total Budget

(per budget category)

Total Budget (per sub-outcome)

6m 12m 18m 24m 30m 36m

Outcome 1: Regional capacity to assess e-mobility technology are strengthened in the context of broader climate change mitigation strategies

1.1 Improved understanding by national and regional stakeholders of the existing e-mobility technical capacities and technologies in participating countries

Consultant - Individual - Regional W/Day 75 400.00 30,000.00

235,000.00

471,898

235,000.00

Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 100 160.00 16,000.00 Travel - International Trip 10 1,500.00 15,000.00

Workshop/Training Lump sum 10 3,000.00 30,000.00

1.2 Regional capacities and knowledge sharing related to e-mobility are strengthened among public technical officers and relevant stakeholders related to e-mobility planning and deployment


92,398.00 15,399.67 76,998.33 Professional Services – Companies/Firm

Lump sum 1 56,398.00 56,398.00

Audio Visual & Printing Lump sum 2 10,000.00 20,000.00

1.3 South–South cooperation to promote e-mobility knowledge and experience exchange is strengthened


144,500.00 48,166.67 96,333.33

Travel - International Trip 50 1,500.00 75,000.00 Travel – Local Trip 5 500.00 2,500.00 Professional Services – Companies/Firm

Lump sum 1 40,000.00 40,000.00

Workshop/Training Event 1 15,000.00 15,000.00



Outcomes


Total Budget (per

outcome)

Disbursement Plan


Total Budget



6m 12m 18m 24m 30m 36m

Outcome 2: Enabling policy and business models to scaleup e-mobility adoption are identified and improved

2.1 Enabling policy and business models for e-mobility are identified and improved


237,000.00

689,000.00

237,000.00



2.2 Public and private stakeholders engaged to identify most appropriate business models for e-mobility scaleup


356,000.00 118,666.67

237,333.33

Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 140 160.00 22,400.00 Professional Services – Companies/Firm

Lump sum 1 70,000.00 70,000.00

Workshop/Training Event 10 3,000.00 30,000.00

2.3 Regional governance is strengthened to track progress of readiness project


96,000.00 28,250.00 19,750.00 28,250.00 19,750.00

Travel - International Trip 30 1,500.00 45,000.00


Audio Visual & Printing Lump sum 2 8,500.00 17,000.00

Outcome 3: Climate finance strategies and regional pipeline strengthened

3.1 Project concept note developed and submitted to GCF


393,600.00 456,000.00 131,200.00 262,400.00



Outcomes


Total Budget (per

outcome)

Disbursement Plan


Total Budget



6m 12m 18m 24m 30m 36m


Consultant - Individual - International W/Day 180 350.00 63,000.00

Consultant - Individual – International W/Day 180 350.00 63,000.00

3.2 National E-Mobility Strategies are developed for at least 2 countries


62,400.00 62,400.00

Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 70 160.00 11,200.00 Consultant - Individual - Local W/Day 70 160.00 11,200.00 Travel - International Trip 4 1,500.00 6,000.00


Terminal Evaluation Terminal Evaluation Lump

sum 66,500.00 100,000.00 66,500.00 66,500.00 66,500.00 66,500.00

Total Outcome Budget 1,683,398.00 634,316.33 382,248.33 255,783.33 411,050.00 - -

Project Management Cost (PMC) Up to 7.5% of Total Activity Budget

Project Manager - Individual Month 24 3,030.00 72,720.00 Actual amount and % of PMC requested:

Maximum PMC that can be requested:

Administration & Finance Assistant - Individual Month 24 2,020.00 48,480.00

IT Equipment Lump sum 3 1,684.00 5,052.00

do not change the

formula

do not change the

formula

126,252.00 126,254.85 - 7.50% 7.50%


FOR GREEN CLIMATE FUND SECRETARIAT'S USE ONLY

Breakdown (per budget category) Total (per budget category) Audio Visual & Printing 37,000.00

Audit Fee -

Consultant - Individual - International 126,000.00

Consultant - Individual - Local 768,000.00

Professional Services – Companies/Firm 166,398.00

IT Equipment 5,052.00

Office Supplies -

Travel - International 180,000.00

Travel – Local 2,500.00

Workshop/Training 145,000.00

Terminal Evaluation 66,500.00

Consultant - Individual - Regional 192,000.00

Project Manager - Individual 72,720.00

Administration & Finance Assistant - Individual 48,480.00

-

-

-

Total Outcome Budget + PMC 1,809,650.00

FOR GREEN CLIMATE FUND SECRETARIAT'S USE ONLY

Total Outcome Budget 1,683,398.00

Project Management Cost (PMC) 7.5% requested 126,252.00

Contingency 2% requested 33,667.96

Sub-Total (Total Outcome Budget + Contingency + PMC) 1,843,317.96 Delivery Partner Fee (DP) - Up to 8.5% of the Sub-Total 156,682.03

Total Project Budget (Total Activity Budget + Contingency + PMC + DP) $ 1,999,999.99


5.2 Procurement plan Please complete the Procurement Plan in Excel using the template available in the Library page of the GCF website. For goods, services, and consultancies to be procured, please list the items, descriptions in relation to the activities in section 2, estimated cost, procurement method, relevant threshold, and the estimated dates. Please include the procurement plan for at least the first tranche of disbursement requested below and provide a full procurement plan for the entire duration of the implementation period if available at this stage.

Item Item Description Estimated Cost (US$) Procurement Method

Thresholds (Min-Max monetary

value for which indicated procurement method must be used)

Estimated Start Date

Projected Contracting Date

Goods and Non-Consulting Services

Workshop/Training Workshops and trainings for various activities 145,000.00 Request for quotations Low value procurement

> US$ 10,000 < US$ 10,000 Q1Y1 Q1Y1

Travel - International Travels for various activities 180,000.00 Request for quotations Low value procurement

> US$ 10,000 < US$ 10,001 Q1Y1 Q1Y1

Travel – Local Travel of delegation of hosting country to workshop for Activity 1.3.1 2,500.00 Low value procurement < US$ 10,000 Q1Y2 Q1Y1 IT Equipment 3 laptop computers for project staff 5,052.00 Low value procurement < US$ 10,000 Q1Y1 Q1Y1

Sub-Total (US$) $ 332,552.00

Consultancy Services Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 & 3.1 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1 & 3.2 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Local Local consultant providing support to sub-outcome 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1 & 3.3 76,800.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1 Consultant - Individual - Regional Regional Project Support Consultant 192,000.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1

Project Manager - Individual Half time of Regional Project Manager based in UN Environment's Office for Latin America and the Caribbean 72,720.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1

Administration & Finance Assistant - Individual

Two-third time of Administration and Finance Assistant (AFA) based in UN Environment's Office for Latin America and the Caribbean 48,480.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1

Professional Services – Companies/Firm

International Technical Implementing Partner providing support to sub-outcomes 1.2, 1.3 & 2.2 166,398.00 Recruitment N/A Q1Y1 Q1Y1

Consultant - Individual - International International Consultant providing support to sub-outcome 3.1 63,000.00 Recruitment N/A Q2Y2 Q1Y1

Consultant - Individual - International International Consultant providing support to sub-outcome 3.1 63,000.00 Recruitment N/A Q2Y2 Q1Y1

Audio Visual & Printing Website design and launch for Sub-Outcome 1.2 20,000.00 Low value procurement < US$ 10,000 Q2Y1 Q1Y1 Audio Visual & Printing Website design and launch for Sub-Outcome 2.3 17,000.00 Low value procurement < US$ 10,000 Q2Y2 Q1Y1 Terminal Evaluation Terminal Evaluation 66,500.00 Request for quotations > US$ 10,000 Q4Y2 Q3Y2

Sub-Total (US$) $ 1,477,098.00



5.3 Disbursement schedule Please specify the proposed schedule for requesting disbursements from the GCF. For periodicity, specify whether it’s quarterly, bi-annually or annually only.

Please choose one option among the two below and delete the one that does not apply to you. Please fill in information under brackets: ☒ Readiness Proposal that falls within a Framework Agreement with the GCF

Disbursements will be made in accordance to Clause 4 “Disbursement of Grants” and clause 5 “Use of Grant Proceeds by the Delivery Partner” of the Framework Readiness and Preparatory Support Grant Agreement entered into between GCF and UN Environment Programme on 11 October 2016, and amended on 13 December 2017 The Delivery Partner is entitled to submit 2 request(s) for disbursement each year, and is also entitled to request one interim request for disbursement within 30 days of notification of approval.

On approval 6 months 12 months 18 months First disbursement USD 950,918.32 Second disbursement USD 382,248.33 Third disbursement USD 255,783.33 Fourth disbursement USD 411,050.00

☐ Readiness Proposal that requires a bilateral Grant Agreement to be signed with the GCF (please add more disbursement as needed)

• The first disbursement amounting [Choose Currency][Choose Currency] [Type the amount] will be transferred upon approval of the readiness request and effectiveness of the Grant Agreement;

• The second disbursement amounting [Choose Currency][Choose Currency] [Type the amount] will be transferred upon submission of an interim progress report [and audited financial report]11, in form and substance acceptable to the Fund, [including an audited expenditure statement]; and

• The third disbursement amounting [Choose Currency][Choose Currency] [Type the amount] will be made upon submission of a completion report and financial report, in form and substance acceptable to the Fund, including an audited expenditure statement.

Please include an indicative disbursement table showing the expected amounts to be requested and keep to multiples of USD 5,000.

11 For second disbursement, audited financial report and audited expenditure statement are only required for readiness and preparatory support proposals expected to last over 12 months.


6. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION 6.1 Implementation map Please describe how funds will be managed by the NDA and/or the Readiness Delivery Partner.

UN Environment has been identified as the delivery partner for the Readiness programme,but is also an Accredited Entity (AE) of the Fund. There may, therefore, be possible conflict of interests in its role as an AE with activities under this proposal relating to prioritization of investments and projects to be developed. In this regard, in accordance to Board Decision GCF/B.06/07 on Country Ownership, the participating NDAs will be responsible for country coordination and multi-stakeholder engagement to provide inputs to the development of national priorities, and has identified the following mechanisms to manage this conflict of interest: i. the prioritization of investments and projects in the context of this readiness grant, will be made

through a consultation process with relevant stakeholders led by respective NDAs, including other potential implementing entities in Latin America.

ii. The final validation of these priorities will be carried out by the project’s coordination mechanism and institutional arrangements, under the leadership of the respective NDAs to the GCF, with the consultation of other government agencies, as well as representatives from civil society and private sector, as appropriate, to ensure chosen priorities are fully aligned with national plans and strategies and adequately includes inputs from consulted stakeholders.

UN Environment will manage the funds for the activities under this readiness agreement. UN Environment will agree on a plan with the National Designated Authorities (NDA) from the participating countries to monitor the implementation of the activities using the grant proceeds. However, UN Environment will be responsible for the implementation of the activities under this readiness and preparatory support proposal. A UN Environment Programme Officer (PO) will be responsible for project oversight and supervision, and to ensure consistency with GCF and UN Environment policies and procedures. The functions of the PO will include, but will not be limited to the following: i) participating in the Annual Project Board-Steering Committee (PSC) meetings; ii) facilitating the final evaluation; iii) clearing the Progress Reports and Project Implementation Reviews; and iv) undertaking the technical review of project deliverables v) providing input to periodic readiness portfolio reporting to GCF; vi) preparing requests for disbursements etc. UN Environment will submit semi-annual progress reports to the GCF, in accordance with the terms of the Framework R&P Support Grant Agreement between GCF and UN Environment. The projects implementation arrangements are reflected as below:

iii. The Project Board-Steering Committee (PSC) will be set up to provide oversight and guidance to the project implementation. The PSC will have decision-making capacity and will primarily serve to provide guidance and advisory support, including (a) provide guidance and support project implementation, and (b) reviewing annual budget and work plans (c) ensure synergy and coordination as well as avoid any overlaps with ongoing projects including GCF readiness projects. The PSC will meet at least once a year – with ad hoc meetings held as and when necessary – to discuss the project's main performance indicators and provide strategic guidance. The PSC will be integrated by a representative designated by each NDA and a representative of the DP. The PSC will be co-chaired by DP/ UNEP and a representative of the NDAs. The PSC co- chair from DP will act on a pro tempore basis for a period of 12 months, with the possibility of re-election. Uruguay’s NDA will act as PSC co- Chair including during proposal submission, until a new PSC co-Chair is elected.

iv. A Project Coordination Unit (PCU) will be established for day to day management of the project. The PCU will be internally executed by UN Environment’s Office for Latin America and the Caribbean. Under the supervision of the Project Board-Steering committee, the PCU will be responsible for the overall implementation of this readiness proposal. The PCU will draw detailed terms of reference, perform procurement and human resources duties, manage funds according to the terms in the grant agreement, provide technical inputs, organize events, oversee that all deliverables are provided by individual consultants or consulting firms in a timely and efficient way, and report progress to the GCF. The PCU will consist of a Project Manager and an Administration and Finance Assistant (AFA).

v. The Technical Advisory Team will be integrated by Representatives from each participating country’s E-Mobility Task Group and will be appointed by the respective NDA. The Technical Advisory Team will meet in person or virtually on a quarterly basis with the objective of providing technical advice to the


PCU and ensuring that regional activities meet national needs and expectations. The national E-Mobility Task Groups will be integrated by representatives from leading public bodies (e.g. ministries of transport, energy, environment, industry, planning, health).

vi. National products are to be approved by the relevant NDA together with the PCU. Meanwhile, regional products are to be approved by the PSC.


Regarding the technical staff of the project (in line with the figure above):

i. The technical staff of the project will be integrated by (1) the Regional Project Support Consultant, (2) the Local Consultants, (3) the International Consultants and (4) the International Technical Implementing Partner. The technical staff will report to the PCU.

ii. The Regional Project Support Consultant will support to all outcomes. In addition, he/she will have the task to oversee implementation, guide and assist the Local Consultants, International Consultants and the International Technical Implementing Partner. The Regional Project Support Consultant will work closely with the PCU and will be based in UN Environment’s Office for Latin America and the Caribbean.

iii. Ten (10) Local consultants, one for each participating country, will be hired to assist implementation of activities, including work done by their respective national E-Mobility Task Group. Local consultants will be selected by the DP with approval from the corresponding NDA. The location of the local consultants will be previously defined by the NDA. Each Local Consultant will also be supervised by the NDA of the participating country.

iv. Two (2) International Consultants will be hired to support sub-outcome 3.1 for the formulation of the concept notes.

v. One or more (if required) International Technical Implementing Partner(s) will be contracted to support in the implementation of sub-outcomes 1.2, 1.3 and 2.2,

Regarding procurement:

Overall financial management and procurement of goods and services under this readiness and preparatory support proposal will be guided by UN Environment’s regulations, rules, policies and procedures, as well as its programme manual. Further, procurement of goods and services will follow the general principles stated under clause 7 of Framework Readiness and Preparatory Support Grant Agreement (Framework Agreement) between Green Climate Fund (GCF) and UN Environment. UN Environment will comply with its obligation under clause 7(a) of the Framework Agreement, which states “The procurement of Goods and Services for Approved Readiness Support Proposals, whether by the Delivery Partner or by a third party, shall be done in accordance with the rules, policies and procedures of the Delivery Partner..”

For this readiness and preparatory support proposal, services of a technical nature will be recruited, or acquired, and directly managed by UN Environment, in consultation with [Name of the National Partner referred as Third Party] and GCF’s National Designated Authority (NDA) of [Name of the Country]. Recruitment and management of consultants will be in accordance with UN Environment rules, policies and procedures.

UN Environment will coordinate with [Name of the National Partner] to procure goods and services in delivering activities at national level [for example meetings, workshops, etc.] in accordance with the agreed procurement management plan and will be in accordance with UN Environment rules, policies and procedures.

6.2 Risks, monitoring and evaluation (M&E), and other relevant information


Project ownership for the participant countries has been extensively evidenced through bilateral and multilateral communications among countries previous to project submission, as explained in previous sessions. The readiness proposal is based on a consensus document (concept note) prepared by NDA representatives in 2018 and the results of a survey applied in February 2019, responded by participant countries, highlighting the individual and common interests on the e-mobility agenda.

Implementation risks have been identified and mitigation actions for each are shown in the table below:

Risk Probability Risk impact level

Mitigation actions

Limited knowledge about e-mobility, particularly of policy and technological aspects, could potentially represent conflict with users that might not understand the need for transitioning to the new technology

High Low

Capacity building actions on e-mobility; raising awareness about the importance of understanding the global trends

Country institutions with mobility functions do not prioritize the project activities .

Medium Medium

Strengthening a bottom-up approach so that local governments and organizations push towards project implementation

Political upheaval in the region could undermine the policy and the knowledge management and learning outcomes of the Project.

Low Low

The Project relies on the capacity of the NDAs for building consensus among the member countries and maintaining permanent communication about the results obtained by the project in the short term.

Changing administrations during the implementation of the project could undermine project implementation and lack of human and financial resources

Medium Medium

NDAs intervention both at the political and technical level supporting project implementation, ensures continuity and country ownership across the project cycle

Delays in implementation due to procurement of consultants

Low High

UN Environment will utilize its existing networks and partnerships as well as its consultants’ roster to procure the relevant consultants. UN Environment has a track record working with GCF. Lessons learned from past or ongoing GCF projects will be taken into consideration to improve project implementation.

Delays due to lack of government support or participation

Medium Medium

The proposal and particularly its implementation arrangements have been designed in close coordination with the relevant national counterparts to ensure there is strong support and participation at a national level.

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