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UCG experience of ONGC
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For India, with 16% of global population;
0.5% of worlds Petroleum reserve and ~10 % of worlds Coal reserve; with a
8 -10% GDP growth target and 4.5% CAGR (97-07) in energy demand
the situation is pretty Challenging
India: Energy ScenarioIndia: Energy Scenario
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Korea
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India: Energy scenarioIndia: Energy scenario
52% of primary energy consumed by 5 countries
India: the 5th largest energy consumer
CAGR (1996-2007): 4.5% (global CAGR: 2.1%)
Source: BP Statistical Review 2008
Primary Energy Consumption (MMToe)
3.6% of total
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Indias Energy Mix
Total 306 kgoe Total 1125 kgoe
Source: Integrated Energy Policy, Govt. of India, Planning commission, New Delhi
2004
% Share of Commercial Primary Energy
Resources
Nuclear
1.5%
Hydro
2.1%
Coal
51.3%
Oil36.3%
Natural Gas
8.8%
2032
% Share of Commercial Primary Energy
Resources
Natural Gas
11.9%
Oil29.4%Coal
50.6%
Hydro
2.1%Nuclear
5.9%
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INDIA.
Has the 4th largest coal
reserves in the world (267.2
Billion Tons)
Ranks 3rd in coal production
(557.6 Million TPA)
Total Recoverable reserves are
only about 20%
NEED TO EXPLOIT THE UNRECOVERABLE RESERVES
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Underground Coal Gasification
pilot production envisaged from 2010-11
ONGC : In Pursuit of New Energy SourcesONGC : In Pursuit of New Energy Sources
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UCG Schematic
(UCG Engineering Ltd 2006)
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CRIP
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Synergies between Oil & Gas and UCG
Drilling
Oil and GasOil and GasOil and Gas
ExplorationExplorationExploration
andandand
ProductionProductionProduction
UndergroundUndergroundUnderground
coalcoalcoal
GasificationGasificationGasification
Intelligent wellcompletions
Coiled-tubing techniquesOil & Natural gasProcessing
In-situ combustion
Pneumatic fracturingtechniques
Compression &transportation ofNatural gas
Exploration
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1st stage : Site Selection
ONGC signed AOC - Skochinsky Institute of Mining(SIM), Russia
MoUs signed with coal companies CIL, SCCL, NLC,GMDC, GIPCL
Fifteen sites studied Five sites found suitable forUCG
One site namely Vastan, in South Gujarat, prioritizedfor UCG pilot study
This site is adjacent to the pit head Power Plant
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Details of VastanUCG Block
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2nd StageSite Characterization
GIS data base Geomorphology, land use, drainage network
Stratigraphic and lithological characterization Formation, sub-surface strata, coal seam and
overburden
Structural characterization Depth & thickness of coal seam, fault and fracturenetwork, mechanical properties , porosity &permeability of coal seam and overlying & underlyingstrata
Hydrological characterization Aquifer system within geologic strata
Water table map
Hydro-dynamic characteristics of aquifers
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Exploration
Drilling ofBoreholes
GeophysicalLogging
Hydro-geologicalstudies
HRSS
Geo-chemicalStudies Proximate Analysis
Ultimate Analysis Maceral Analysis
Petro-physical
Studies Helium Porosity Air Permeability Relative Permeability
Sample collection &
Lab Studies
Geo-mechanicalStudies Uni-axial tensile Strength Uni-axial Compressive Strength Tri-axial Compressive Strength Grain Density
Young Modulus Poisson Ratio
Quantum of data required for Exploration is more than that
is required for conventional coal mining
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Use of Seismic as an Exploration tool vis-a- vis Borehole drilling
F
F
F
F
V-07
V-07
Based on borewell data Based on HRSS data
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3rd stage : Engineering Design
Engineering Design for pilot
Parallel action - for Land Acquisition,Environmental Clearance and Mining Lease.
Drilling - expected to commence shortly
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UCG Pilot Flow Diagram
DetailedExploration
Siteselection
Pilot LayoutDesign
EngineeringDesign
MiningLease
LandAcquisition
Drilling of wells
Commissioning ofSurface Facilities
Linkage of Wells,Flame Treatment
Trial Run ofUCG Pilot
EnvironmentalClearance
Fabrication,
Erection ofSurface Facilities
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COMPRESSED
AIR + STEAM
UNDERGROUND
COAL GASIFIER
SYN GAS
GAS PIPELINE GAS PIPELINE
COOLING
TOWER
HEAT
EXCHANGER
COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
CONDENSATE
PLANT
CONDENSATE
STORAGE
FLUE GASES
SCHEMATIC OF UCG PILOT
Schematics of UCG engineering
design
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UCG operations currently in progress
MajubaMajubaMajubaJan 2007;Jan 2007;Jan 2007;
6 MW Electricity6 MW Electricity6 MW Electricity
ProductionProductionProduction June 2007;June 2007;June 2007;
Planned 2100 MW by 2011Planned 2100 MW by 2011Planned 2100 MW by 2011
ChinchillaChinchillaChinchillaAug2007;Aug2007;Aug2007;
CTL 5CTL 5CTL 5---10 BBL/day Demo10 BBL/day Demo10 BBL/day Demo
facility; to upgrade tofacility; to upgrade tofacility; to upgrade to
20000 bbl/d20000 bbl/d20000 bbl/d
AngrenAngrenAngren50 Years of Commercial50 Years of Commercial50 Years of Commercial
UCG Operations;UCG Operations;UCG Operations;
Electricity generationElectricity generationElectricity generation
for 47 Yearsfor 47 Yearsfor 47 Years
BloodwoodBloodwoodBloodwood
creekcreekcreek---SuratSuratSurat
BasinBasinBasin --- Nov 2008Nov 2008Nov 2008Oxygen InjectedOxygen InjectedOxygen Injected Power,Power,Power,
Gas to Chemicals ,Gas to Chemicals ,Gas to Chemicals ,
TransportTransportTransport fuelfuelfuel
Inner MongoliaInner MongoliaInner Mongolia
--- ChinaChinaChinaPilot Oct 2007Pilot Oct 2007Pilot Oct 2007 CommercialCommercialCommercial
---2010 Methanol & Methane2010 Methanol & Methane2010 Methanol & Methane
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Limited choice of operators
Technology limited to few operators
Grey areas
Drilling of high angle and horizontal wells with
intersecting vertical wells Linkage of injection and production wells
Flame treatment of gasification passages
Processing of hot Syngas End usage of low calorific value Syngas
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Legislation & mining lease
UCG Gazette Notification issued by
Govt. after 2 years of persuasion Another 2 years for framing
guidelines
Mining lease
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Economics
Figures not readily available in literature
Only indirect references are made by current
players in the market
Management finding it difficult to make
investment decisions
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Summing up
Quantum of data required for Exploration is moreRequire additional time for data generation
Seismic can be used as an Exploration tool to
optimize Borehole drilling
Technology limited to few operators
Capex & Opex figures not readily available in
literature
ONGC-GIPCL shortly testing first ever UCG pilot in
India
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