Post on 04-Jul-2015
EL ULTIMO LIBRO GRAMÁTICA
EL LIBRO GRAMÁTICA PARA TODAS PERSONAS QUE ESTAN EN LA
CLASE DE SRA. LINARES Y ESTAN TOMANDO ESPAÑOL TRES DE
HONORES.
Pronouns
O *Piensa la canción de La Rana Raúl!
OMe lo me los me la me las
OTe lo te los te la te las
OSe lo se los se la se las
ONos lo nos los nos la nos
las!
Preterite
For AR Verbs add:
Yo é
Tu aste
Él, ella, usted ó
Nosotros amos
Ellos, ellas
ustedes
aron
For ER and IR verbs add:
Yo í
Tu iste
Él, ella, usted ió
Nosotros imos
Ellos, ellas
ustedes
ieron
Imperfect
For AR Verbs add:
Yo aba
Tu aste
Él, ella, usted aba
Nosotros abamos
Ellos, ellas
ustedes
aban
For ER and IR verbs add:
Yo ía
Tu Ías
Él, ella, usted ía
Nosotros íamos
Ellos, ellas
ustedes
ían
UsesPor Para
O Motion or a general
location
• Ie around, through, along,
by
O Object of an action
O For during in
O Object of search
O By means of which
something is done
O Exchange or Substitution
O Destination
O Towards, in the direction
of
O Dedline
O In Order to
O Purpose or goal
O Recipiants
O Comparisons or opinions
O Employment Both mean “for” but they are
not interchangeable
Por=through
Para=towards
Por vs ParaCaminé por el parque
I walked though the park
Caminé para el parque
I walk towards the park
Trabajó por su padre
I work in place of his dad
Trabajó para su padre
I work for his dad’s business
Se exhibió por todo el pueblo
the exhibit was shown
throughout the town
Se exibió para todo el pueblo
the exhibit was shown for the
town
*When giving exact time, DE is
used instead of POR.
Llegué a las dies de la
noche VS me gusta leer por la
noche
Por is used in several idiomatic expressions
O Por aqui= around here
O Por ejemplo= For example
O Por eso=that is why
O Por fin=finally
SHORT POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
Mi (s) Mine Nuestro/a (s) Ours
Tu (s) Yours Vuestro/a (s) Yours
(informal)
Su (s) His/hers/ its Su (s) Yours (formal),
their
To use the short form of possessive pronouns: ADD THE
SHORT POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES IN FRONT OF THE
OBJECT.
LONG POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
Mío/a (s) Mine Nuestro/a (s) Ours
Tuyo/a (s) Yours Vuestro/a (s) Yours
(informal)
Suyo/a (s) His/hers/ its Suyo/a (s) Yours (formal),
their
To use the long form of possessive pronouns: ADD EL, LA, LOS,
LAS TO THE OBJECT. FOLLOW THE OBJECT WITH THE
LONG FORM OF THE POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE
Take the verb in the infinitive form
• IE Hablar
“Chop off the ar/er/irendings
• IE Habl
Put the verb into the él/ella/ustedform
• IE Habla
Commands in the Formal form
Put the infinitive form of the verb into the “yo” form
For AR verbs: replace the O with an E.
For ER and IR verbs: replace the O with an A.
The Subjunctive
O MUST HAVE:
O 2 clauses
O 2 different subjects
O Triggr words
O The word “QUE
Trigger Words
▫ Bueno que▫ Malo que▫ Mejor que▫ Urgente que▫ Importante que▫ Necesario que▫ Urgente que
AconsejarOUETo advise
RogarOUE
To beg or to please
MandarTo order
SugerirEIE
To suggest
The verbs following
these verbs are in the
subjuntive
I.E Aconsejo que tú
recicles para proteger
el medio ambiente.
InsistirTo insist
PedirTo ask for
Verbs of emotion are also used in the subjuntive. Trigger verbs are
O Es triste que
O Alegrarse de que
O Tengo miedo de que
O Gustar
O Ojalá que
You use the infinitive when there is no change in subject!
I.E Temo que llegar tarde.
I.E Nos alegramos de que te gusten las flores.
ConjunctionsConjuntion words
A menos que Unless
Antes que Before
Despues de que after
Con tal de que Provided that
Para que So that
En caso de que In case that
Sin que without
Cuando When
En cuanto de
que
As soon as
Pronto que As soon as
Hasta que Until
O If you are talking about
the future or command
something, you use the
subjunctive. If you are
talking about a habitual
action or something of
the past, you use
indicative.