Post on 27-Jun-2020
@manufernandez
SMART CITIES
URBANIZAR LA TECNOLOGÍA
MANU FERNÁNDEZ
Investigador y consultor en políticas urbanas en los
últimos 14 años
Siempre en proyectos relacionados con la
sostenibilidad local y la dinamización de las
economías urbanas
www.ciudadesaescalahumana.org
ESTRATEGIA URBANA
manufer2007@gmail.com
www.humanscalecity.org
@manufernandez
Actualmente, freelance con tres grandes temas de interés:
• Usos transitorios de espacios abandonados
• La intersección de las herramientas digitales y la vida urbana en la sociedad
conectada
• El vínculo entre la tecnología digital y la innovación
Resultados de búsquedas en Google Scholar para diferentes términos
NARRATIVAS Y UTOPÍAS
URBAN MEDIA
ELEMENTOS DE DISEÑO URBANOSENDERO
BORDE
BARRIO
NODO
HITO
INTERFACE
PLATAFORMAS DE
DATOS
OBJETOS CONECTADOS
INFRAESTRUCTURAS
EXPERIENCIA DIGITAL
LA BANALIZACIÓN DE LA CIUDAD
LA ESPECTACULARIZACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGÍA
General Motors has spent a small fortune to
convince American public that if it wishes to
enjoy the full benefit of private enterprise in
motor manufacturing, it will have to rebuild
its cities and its highways by public
enterprise
Walter Lippman
ÉPICA: SOMETER LA CIUDAD DE UNA VEZ POR TODAS
LAS CIUDADES SON CAÓTICAS Y HAY QUE SOLUCIONARLAS
SABEMOS CÓMO HAN FUNCIONADO LAS GRANDES
IDEAS MODERNIZADORAS SOBRE LA CIUDAD
A good science fiction story should be able to
predict not the automobile but the traffic jam
Frederik Pohl
“By far the greatest latitude of choice exists the very first time a
particular instrument, system, or technique is introduced. Because
choices tend to become strongly fixed in material equipment,
economic investment, and social habit, the original flexibility
vanishes for all practical purposes once the initial commitments are
made. In that sense technological innovations are similar to
legislative acts or political foundings that establish a framework for
public order that will endure over many generations.
LANGDON WINNER
MODELO SALA DE CONTROL
AL FINAL, ¿LAS SMART CITIS ERAN ESTO?
X
UN LABORATORIO URBANO SIN PERSONAS
Technology is the answer. But what is the question?
Cedric Price
LOS DESCONTENTOS DE LA SMART CITY
LA TECNOLOGÍA NO ES SUFICIENTE
NO HAY NECESIDAD DE ESPERAR
TIEMPO PARA LAS PREGUNTAS
¿
IMAGE SOURCE:: http://www.globalnerdy.com
LA TECNOLOGÍA NO ES SUFICIENTE
IMAGE SOURCE:: Dhiru Thadani (author)
¿Qué hay del diseño, la normativa, la política, la vida social, la
economía, etc?
CONJUGAR EN PRESENTE Y NO EN FUTURO PERFECTO
MÓVIL LOCAL
INTELIGENCIA
COLECTIVAP2P
PROCOMÚN
CO-CREACIÓN
HAZLO TÚ MISMO
ECONOMÍA COLABORATIVA
CONOCIMIENTO ABIERTO
CÓDIGO LIBRE
DIY
CIVIC HACKING
The dominant tense of ubiquitous
computing writing is what we might call
the „„proximate future.‟‟ That is,
motivations and frames are often
written not merely in the future tense,
describing events and settings to come,
but describe a proximate future, one
„„just around the corner.‟‟ The proximate
future is invoke in observations that
„„Internet penetration will shortly
reach...‟‟ or „„We are entering a period
when...‟‟ or „„New technological
opportunities are emerging that...‟‟ or
„„Mobile phones are becoming the
dominant form of...‟
GENEVIEVE BELL Y PAUL DOURISH
TIEMPO PARA LAS PREGUNTAS
EFICIENCIA OPERATIVA
SOSTENIBILIDAD
SIMPLIFICACIÓN
NEUTRALIDAD
DESPOLITIZACIÓN
SUFICIENCIA TECNOLÓGICA
EFICIENCIA OPERATIVA – O LA OBSESIÓN POR LA OPTIMIZACIÓN COMO
OBJETIVO ÚNICO DE LOS SERVICIOS URBANOS
The city is its people. We don‟t make cities in order to make buildings and
infrastructure. We make cities in order to come together, to create wealth, culture,
more people. As social animals, we create the city to be with other people, to work,
live, play. Buildings, vehicles and infrastructure are mere enablers, not drivers. They
are a side-effect, a by-product, of people and culture. Of choosing the city. (…)The
smart city vision, however, is focused on these second order outcomes, and often
with one overriding motivation: efficiency.
DAN HILL
DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA
SOSTENIBILIDAD - O EL RECLAMO A UNA SOSTENIBILIDAD DÉBIL BASADA
EN LA IRRESPONSABILIDAD DE LOS COMPORTAMIENTOS
Smart cities „from scratch‟ are illustrative of a political and corporate discourse that
largely equates sustainability with the possibilities opened by technology to improve
efficiency and to reduce resources‟ consumption (of energy, fuels, water, etc).
However, from a political ecology perspective, new technologies often lead to similar
or even increased consumption levels (under new names) rather than fostering
broader changes in production and consumption patterns towards reduced
ecological impacts.
LUIS CARVALHO
IMAGE SOURCE: Banksy https://www.flickr.com/photos/drbphotographycouk/6498780109/
DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA
SIMPLIFICACIÓN – O LA REDUCCIÓN DE LA COMPLEJIDAD A MODELOS DE
SIMULACIÓN EN LUGAR DE PENSAR LA CIUDAD COMO WICKED PROBLEM
The subject of urban planning, they argue, is wicked problems, which have no
definitive description, involve value judgments, and take place in unique contexts
that make it difficult to accurately test solutions. As a consequence, any method of
addressing them is inherently political. Many of the problems targeted by smart
cities projects, from mudslides to climate change, are wicked problems.
ROB GOODSPEED
DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA
NEUTRALIDAD – O LA FICCIÓN DE UN CONOCIMIENTO ASÉPTICO, SIN
SESGOS, PERFECTO Y OBJETIVO A PARTIR DEL BIG DATA
DE MIOS Y LEYENDAS
The data streams generated by the Sentient city may seem like instances of
objective data gathering, whereas in reality they are far from it. For starters, the
decision regarding which data to collect and which to ignore and how to classify
it, is already a highly political choice. Next, the data generatd by the Sentient city
is interpreted by software algorithms and actuation devices, and there is nothing
objective about that either: it is a highly normative process, where subjective
values, legal codes and power relations are turned into software code on the
base of which sentient technology ddecides, acts and discriminates”
MARTIJN DE WAAL
IMAGE SOURCE: http://www.wisc.warwick.ac.uk/training/msc-programme/
DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA
Smart city advocates imagine themselves as creating technologies, techniques
and visions that are scientific, objective, commonsensical and apolitical. In
general, there is little critical reflection on the wider implications of
technologically rooted entrepreneurial urban development, or the
consequences of networked urbanism, for city administrations and citizens”.
ROB KITCHIN
DESPOLITIZACIÓN – O LA ASPIRACIÓN DE CONSEGUIR
MEDIANTE MÁS INFORMACIÓN UN HORIZONTE POST-
POLÍTICO DE LA GESTIÓN URBANA
DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA
IMAGE SOURCE: http://www.flickr.com/photos/96366213@N00/81766439/
SUFICIENCIA TECNOLÓGICA – O EL DETERMINISMO QUE IDENTIFICA LA
TECNOLOGÍA COMO EL ELEMENTO CRÍTICO EN CUALQUIER CUESTIÓN
RELACIONADA CON LA CIUDAD
DE MITS Y LEYENDAS
What we encounter in this statement is an unreconstructed logical
positivism, which, among other things, implicitly holds that the world is in
principle perfectly knowable, its contents enumerable and their relations
capable of being meaningfully encoded in the state of a technical system,
without bias or distorition
ADAM GREENFIELD
DISECCIONANDO LA NARRATIVA
CÓMO COMPARTIMOS DATOS
IMAGE SOURCE: http://we-make-money-not-art.com
CÓMO CONSTRUIMOS COMUNIDADES
CÓMO DESARROLLAMOS SOLUCIONES
CÓMO DESARROLLAMOS SOLUCIONES
CÓMO COMPARTIMOS INFRAESTRUCTURAS
CÓMO COMPARTIMOS INFRAESTRUCTURAS
MÁS ALLÁ DEL DIÁLOGO DE SORDOS
HACER CIUDAD COMO CONVERGENCIA DE DISCIPLINAS
CONOCIMIENTO EN TORNO A COMUNIDADES Y PRÁCTICAS
PARTICIPACIÓN POR CONTRIBUCIÓN
XURBAN INTELLIGENCE IS ON THE STREETS
IMAGE SOURCE: RUFFIN_READY/FLICKR
¡GRACIAS!
www.ciudadesaescalahumana.org
manufer2007@gmail.com
www.humanscalecity.org
@manufernandez