- Pierre Sanoguet-RiveraWK11ProjSanoguetP

The McAllen Health ProjectGood Nutrition Better Health

Sanoguet, P.J.

Walden University

Population Health

Prof. Ross

The McAllen Health Project

Introduction

Interesting and well written information about McAllen

“McAllen is a city located at the southern tip of Texas in an area known as the Rio Grande Valley. Only

about five miles from the Mexican border, McAllen is situated along U.S. Route 83, which connects the

Valley to West Texas. Other major highways servicing the city include U.S. Route 281 and Texas State

Highway 107. Regional air transportation is available at Miller International Airport, which offers

frequent daily flights to major hubs in Houston, Dallas and Mexico City.

Developer John McAllen settled in the Rio Grande Valley in the late 1800s and established a town site in

1904 known as West McAllen. Shortly thereafter, other developers started a nearby town which they

named East McAllen. The two groups eventually joined forces and in 1911 the City of McAllen was

incorporated. Over the next several centuries, McAllen experienced steady growth and by the 1970s saw

an increase in industrial trade and manufacturing brought about by activation of the Free Trade Zone

(FTZ). The passing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in the 1990s enhanced the

impact of the FTZ, resulting in the creation of several thousand new jobs in both the U.S. and Reynosa,

Mexico. Over the last three decades, McAllen has transformed into the regional Valley leader in

commerce and government and has become home to a large number of national businesses.”

The evolution of McAllen city over the last decades has incorporated new industries, food chains,

traditions, social, health and economic determinants to the population of this city. People are getting

used to the new order of services, availability and habits. Everything is changing constantly in a

developing city like McAllen and that includes healthcare technology and services. McAllen city as it is

transforming into a new culture mixed with American – Latino individuals, becoming more active in

commerce and stepping on better education outcomes, more job opportunities and other social

challenges that faces every big city nationwide, has also raised the health status awareness challenge in

order due to new disease problems, treatments and population chronic diseases. However, there are

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programs for almost any health problem in Texas, but that has not stopped the new census results which

does not look well for the McAllen healthcare delivery challenge outcomes. There is need of a program

with depth enough, patient centered that mixes with the patient’s life and reality assuring a better health

plan with close guidance and support.

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Data Collection Worksheet Template

Name: Pierre James Sanoguet

Final Project Initiative Proposal: Smoking Cessation and Well Nutrition Awareness

Data collection information appreciated

Indicators DataData Source

(Cite appropriately)

Overall

population of

area of focus

128,705

Population

under the age

of 5

5,500

Population

over the age

of 65

12,398

Population of

male and

female

Male (61,021)

Female (67,614)

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Ethnic

backgrounds

White (11.6%)

Black (0.8%)

Hispanic (84.1%)

Asian (2.9%)

Mixed (0.4%)

Other (0.1%)

Percentage of

non-native

speaking

population/

households

99.7%

Education

levels

Did Not Complete High School

Completed High School

Some College

Completed Associate Degree

Completed Bachelors Degree

Completed Graduate Degree

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Income

levels

38,223

Poverty level 23.8%

Indicators DataData Source

(Cite appropriately)

Life

expectancy

78.45

Infant

mortality

17 per 100,000

5 most

common

causes of

mortality

1. Heart Disease

2. Cancer

3. Diabetes

4. Stroke

5. Lung Diseases

5 most

common

causes of

chronic

diseases

1. High Blood Pressure

2. High Blood Cholesterol

3. Smoking

4. Over Weight and Obesity

5. Asthma

5 most 1. Failure to control speed

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common

causes of

accidents2. Driver Inattention

3. Failure to drive in a single

lane

4. Unsafe Lane change

5. Following too closely

Young Population

It is important to state that we are going to analyze Mc Allen City, a small city from a big

state like Texas compared to the rest of the United States average percentages of different

categories, demographics and statistics. First the population of McAllen is around 130,000

persons. From that population around 13,000 are senior citizens which mean that 10 percent is in

advanced age or beyond 65 years old and USA average is 14.5 %, also Mc Allen has around 5%

of population under 5 years of age very near to the nations percentage of 6.2%, which could be a

good thing because we have a young population with good chances of fresh minds, jobs and

development, but a young population could mean less life expectancy it all depends.

Again, good summary of your data throughout this section

Ethnicity and Gender Background

With a 52.5% the female population dominates over male population, equivalent to around 5

thousand more women than men. Representation of ethnic groups is very low except for the

Hispanic group which represents around 85% of the population in McAllen. The following group

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would be the white non Hispanic population with around 10% followed by the Asian population

with around 3% of the total population. Compared to the USA ethnic background it must be said

that MC Allen city is one of the core cities for Hispanic population living and migration,

obviously there are some factors that make Mc Allen a strategic place to Hispanic ethnicity

control due to its closeness to the border with Mexico and the immigration issue. Also Spanish is

way more useful in Mc Allen than English; more than 60 percent of the population talks Spanish

rather than English. Also the Black ethnicity is very low more than usual in other states of USA.

The Mexican culture is very active in this south part of Texas which makes it a blend of

American culture with Hispanic Mexican culture with new and shared traditions by each group.

Education and Incomes

Education in Mc Allen is in current developing with new updates and infrastructure of

Universities and colleges. Because many of the population are people coming from Mexico

many of them come in search of work for their families. That is slowly changing since their sons

are growing up being American citizens eligible to receive grants and financial aid to study in

American schools and colleges. Compared back in time to other census the education is getting

better, in this current time Mc Allen city beats the average of population in the USA that have

some college, but falls way back when talking about people who has earned associates diplomas,

bachelors degree or post graduate degrees. The main problem to this could be financial situation

and lack of resources. United States average for bachelors and post graduate degrees is around

35% and 30% respectively, Mc Allen percentages for bachelors and post graduate degrees are

18.8% and 5.6%. clearly written

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Incomes in Mc Allen per capita are 22,000 a year, the average. While a household should be

around 35,000. Compared this to the USA average of income per capita and households, Mc

Allen is a below the poverty level city. Mc Allen city is one of the poorest cities in United States

that is in current development. The poverty level in the USA is 15.4% and Mc Allen’s is no

lower than 22%. Since we are lack of people earning good salaries which is reflected in the

education analysis, is no wonder why the city is under the poverty level. Incomes are higher as

education gets higher, a population with low education averages rarely if possible can be above

the poverty level.

Life Expectancy and Main Causes of death

Life expectancy in Mc Allen is around 78.5 years a very slight difference from the nationals

average which is 78.8. This not being a significant difference in life duration can be explained

through the main causes of death provoked by chronic illness and accidents. The main cause of

death in Mc Allen is the same as in the whole USA; heart disease. Followed by cancer, diabetes,

strokes and lung diseases. Diabetes is a bit up in places in the Mc Allen population compared

with the national list of main causes of death, probably because the Mexican diet and high

carbohydrates nutrition. The main factors to these chronic diseases are obesity, high blood

pressure, high cholesterol, asthma and smoking. All these diseases are could be affecting the life

expectancy average from going up and many of them could be prevented. As for car accidents

the top 5 main reasons are due to driver’s negligence in driving.

“The educated differ from the uneducated as much as the living from the dead”.

-Aristoteles

Great quote!

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That been said, there is no more power than to educate the population and hope that all goes

right, we can educated people but we can’t control their will, we can’t control their lifestyles and

traditions. Maybe if we get deep enough in the community through visuals, charts and other

creative ideas that require participation of the society, the learning process and awareness could

be much more effective. The goal of this inniative is to attack directly the smoking habit, one of

the main reasons of cancer and heart diseases through high blood pressure and blood vessels

wounds; and promoting good nutrition avoiding sodas, greasy food and other harmful foods and

in exchange provide a supplement for these foods that doesn’t have a severe impact on health.

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SWOT Analysis

SWOT analysis is an examination of an organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses,

its opportunities for growth and improvement, and the threats the external environment presents

to its survival. Originally designed for use in other industries, it is gaining increased use in

healthcare (ACHE).

SWOT analysis provides of good summary of the topics

Initiative

The McAllen Health Project is an initiative directed to the McAllen resident citizens, all

health care and nutrition specialized facilities to focus on the malnutrition issue causing alarming

rises in diabetes and heart chronic disease diagnostics. The initiative includes a program where

the patient will benefit to receive professional assistance about malnutrition and attack the main

reasons to this cause which can be numerous. The patient will be able to construct an action plan

according to his necessities and health priorities supported by nutritionists, nurses and other

capable and professional figures. Patients will be categorized by health status like urgent

attention patients or non urgent, this will be determined by physical exams standards according

to their age, height, weight and life style.

Determinants

Social – The McAllen city population is experiencing for the first time new technology,

internet use in almost everything, more job opportunities, economic and educational growth and

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therefore more challenges, social pressure, competence, lack of services or resources, situations

and events that can cause mental health and physical health to be misguided. Many people

suffering from obesity are linked to anxiety disorders. Also McAllen city is one of the primary

Hispanic areas to migrate, creating a mixing of Hispanic – American culture, traditions and

habits.

Economic – The economic factor in McAllen city plays a key role, about 25% of the population

is under the poverty level. McAllen is one of the poorest cities in the nation and the poorest in

the Texas state. However, it is expected to change in the near future since McAllen has overcome

their education outcomes deficits and right now is above the average compared with other cities

in Texas in High School achievement percent of the population, and has come very close to the

average percent for bachelors and doctoral degrees completed in the population. It is believed

that a city with high education will also have higher economic status.

MHP Plans, Events and Tools

MHP (The McAllen Health Project) is a new tool for the community to reach better

health outcomes and less health spending in health conditions. Giving free brochures,

orientations and participate in other organizations events will help MHP get along with in the

community. MHP program initiation can start with some of the items below:

Provision of educational material

Community activities

Visit schools and universities

Provide possible replacement habits

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Provide accurate and precise information where, how and when to find advice and proper

counseling for patients with conditions out of our reach.

SWOT of Initiative

SWOT analysis encourages a preview of the possible strengths, weaknesses,

opportunities and threats about a new business, healthcare or nonprofit program nor organization.

Weaknesses

Shortage of staff and healthcare prepared leaders. (Right now there is shortage of

physicians, nurses and other in Hospitals, Community clinics and pharmaceutics)

Strengths

Community participation

Visual educational material

Follow up and continuum of help services and develop a strategic plan convenient

for each patient.

Threats

Financial funding

Patient follow up must be voluntary

Opportunity

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It gives the community a opportunity to maximize and increase health status and

quality by starting a process of new life styles, awareness and the backup

necessary to achieve the desired outcomes.

Funding

As a nonprofit organization the MHP could qualify for tax exemptions. The main funding

come from the government since the project is helping to a cause that will lower the government

spending in chronic diseases treatments. Also the funding could come from charities, foundations

and private business that want to sponsor the cause. NGO’s like the International Diabetes

Federation and The Heart Federation could play a key role in the funding of the McAllen Health

Project.

Agree that this would be an excellent NGO – very meaningful to the community

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Project Evaluation

“The McAllen Health Project”

Pierre J Sanoguet

Walden University

Introduction to Population Health

October 23, 2015

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Initiative

Malnutrition is a common phenomenon almost everywhere; it does not just refer to low

quantities of ingestion but also the consumption of food with low nutritional properties or

harmful additives. Malnutrition outcomes are mostly related to obesity, from there comes many

other complications including the heart disease and diabetes if not corrected. The McAllen

Health Project is a program committed to assure the population of McAllen an opportunity to be

educated about malnutrition outcomes in their health and how much it can drain their finances in

possible future chronic diseases. The program will be free of charge to residents of McAllen; it

will have a screen process to identify high risk candidates of chronic diseases that need to make

urgent adjustments to their nutrition style. The program will help to make an action plan and

follow up for the patient according to his necessities and daily duties. The McAllen Health

Project is a prevention care tool to decrease the high percentages of chronic diseases in McAllen

city, in this case diabetes and heart disease.

Your rationale for the project is well stated and this section is substantively written

Pilot Study

Goals

Provide educational tools to the community about malnutrition and its effects.

Educate and provide the community with resources that lead to health and

nutritional improvements in their lives.

Create and develop an action plan for users that fits best to their necessity and

availability according to their income, health, beliefs, and location.

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Decrease the percentages of diabetes and heart diseases due to malnutrition in

McAllen population.

Create awareness to possible development of other chronic diseases.

Understanding that being in risk of chronic diseases or having a chronic disease

could lead to financial instability due to the cost for treatments.

Objectives

Focus to achieve meetings with healthcare facility directors, CEO’s and other

healthcare leaders in order to provide educational resources to staff, nurses,

physicians and other healthcare assistant professionals about the program during

the first year.

Provide educational material with contact and brief general information about the

program and malnutrition along with the program initiation.

Keep records of patients for statistical analysis once a year.

Encourage referrals and expansion of the program with the annual data analysis

results.

Every 5 years compare the data since the beginning of the term versus the end of

the 5 year term. Determine how efficient the program has been improving

McAllen population’s health and the impact in public and private spending for

diabetes and heart disease during the program contribution.

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Why take action?

The population of McAllen is in the border of two cultures that merges at that location,

therefore diets and nutrition is amplified in many diversities including junk food. The

consumption of McAllen population in restaurants is above the average for the rest of the Texas

state average (City-Data.com). Being one of the poorest cities in Texas, the high usage of

restaurants and fast food chains make no sense. Only meaning that the population needs to be

educated about the problem of malnutrition and explain why are they more vulnerable than other

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OutcomesLower MalnutritionCreate conscience about chronical diseases due to malnutritionLower the high percentages in the population of diabetes and heart diseases for 2020.Improve lifestyles to healthier and better outcomes.A healthy community is a happy comunitty.

Population GroupAny adults from 18 years and older resident of the McAllen limits.

InputsDirectors, dietitians, nutritionist, nurses and staffFunding - Private, government or public fundsEducational mediaTechnological devices - computers, phones, software, test machines and others.

OutputsTime for each sessionAction plan follow upProgram Usage and demand


cities mostly because of their Hispanic ethnicity roots. Dealing with a preventive care action to

avoid obesity, malnutrition and metabolic disorders due to ingestion of inappropriate food could

greatly decrease the numbers of diabetes and heart disease because these mentioned above are

the first step to fall in a chronic disease situation. Also these could mean improvement for the

Texas government and public funds administration since around 45% percent of McAllen

population uses federal health program Medicare, the spending per individual is rising 16%

compared to the state average, the top city in obesity in the whole nation is McAllen-Edinburg

area and with the most reported cases of diabetes at 18.9% of the population. Agree the

uniqueness of location provides different problems than in other cities and towns

Audience

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Healthcare facilities and organizations

leaders

Community clinics, schools,

universities, open public

areas

Charities, government and

private sector investors.

Public and Private sector

insurance managers


Evaluation of Pilot Study

To determine that the prototype of The McAllen Health Project is well aligned with the

expected outcomes and goals, some tools would be useful. In this case the RCM and Six Sigma

industry based techniques for improvement would add some important features to the pilot study

development. The Reliability Centered Maintenance technique is based on follow up and

monitoring of your work, what to do at unexpected results and understanding the risk for an

organization. More empirical, statistical, experimental and quality observant is the Six Sigma

technique which leads to achieve a record of entries, usage or any other measurable activity

within a business that could affect the way it works. Six Sigma main values are to reduce cost,

improve customer satisfaction, reduce pollution and process cycle time. Also software like IBM

SPSS would help to organize and analyze the data as it comes in. The McAllen Health Project is

a project that will deal with a population around 150,000 persons which 18.9% percent suffer

from diabetes and around 40% are obese which fires up the risk of heart disease. It is one of the

unhealthiest cities in the United States nation, in the state with most uninsured group of people.

Who is helping to the cause?

The Children Hospital Association of Texas (CHAT) is a nonprofit organization to

advance children pediatrics outcomes including decreasing child obesity. Even when the “The

McAllen Health Project” is focused on adult population it is important their contribution since

obesity could be a problem from child ages. Looking for a same goal are the “Nutrition, Physical

Activity and Obesity Prevention Program” is a division of the Control Disease Center (CDC)

which goal is to educate about the risk of overweight and obesity to restructure the nutrition

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habits through all Texas locations and cities, using Disease control centers to offer help for obese

people as part of “Healthy People 2020” goals.

This section is well written – good critical thinking that demonstrates an organized program

Community Partnerships

Non governmental organizations (NGOs) are entities that does not form part of the

government or a for profit private business. However these organizations may be funded by

many providers like the government, individuals, business or foundations. Most of NGO’s goals

are related to the community well being and life style run primarily by volunteers. Also some of

them have so much influence and alliances that they have a big voice in the policy making

process, some of them make publications to disperse ideas or events using the media. As an

administrator I would consider to have the IDF as an ally, the IDF is the International Diabetes

Federation. Since McAllen city is one of the top places in the United States nation with diabetes

incidence, the IDF and the McAllen Health Project could join resources to fight against the high

percentages of diabetes. Presenting the pilot study of the program to the IDF committee probably

would call their attention to help in the distribution of education of the McAllen Health Project

and fill the healthcare environment with knowledge about new tools including the program.

Possible barriers for a successful partnership with the IDF could be lack of explanation or

communication difficulties between parts, the IDF is a extensive organization and they have

multiple partnerships with other international NGO’s, foundations, healthcare facilities and other

high standard organizations in order to keep a trustful information flowing in and out the

organization. The McAllen Project must be carefully explained, well defined and be ready to

answer to challenging structure, funding and objective barriers that may drive away the idea of a

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successful program worthy of partner with as a recognized international organization committed

to the wellness of the diabetes population and the prevention awareness process for the

community.

Social Change

The impact of MHP in the community is planned to be measured by keeping record of

individuals using the program. Every year an average will be calculated to compare the annual

increase or decrease in patient usage of the program for purposes of efficiency of the program.

Every five years the results from the beginning until the end of the term will be compared to

determine if the program is actually contributing to decrease diabetes and heart chronic disease

incidence.

Hi Pierre,I thoroughly enjoyed reading your excellent paper. You addressed all of the assignment objectives. Someday we will be reading about the McAllen Health Project.

References

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Texas State Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Profile. (n.d.). Retrieved October

27, 2015, from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/stateprograms/fundedstates/pdf/texas-state-

profile.pdf

Long Live Texans. (n.d.). Retrieved October 27, 2015, from

http://www.longlivetexans.com/index.php/more-info/co-texas-programs

McAllen, Texas. (n.d.). Retrieved October 27, 2015, from

http://www.city-data.com/city/McAllen-Texas.html

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Texas Household Income. (n.d.). Retrieved October 27,

2015, from http://www.deptofnumbers.com/income/texas/mcallen/

Good Health Habits the Norm in Slimmest U.S. Metro Areas. (n.d.). Retrieved October

27, 2015, from http://www.gallup.com/poll/126362/Good-Health-Habits-Norm-

Slimmest-Metro-Areas.aspx?g_source=mcallen

diabetes&g_medium=search&g_campaign=tiles

Schweikhart, S., & Dembe, A. (n.d.). The Applicability of Lean and Six Sigma

Techniques to Clinical and Translational Research. Retrieved October 27, 2015, from

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835466/

Leon, A., Davis, L., & Kraemer, H. (n.d.). The Role and Interpretation of Pilot Studies in

Clinical Research. Retrieved October 27, 2015, from

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3081994/

Texas Child Death Rate. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from

http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/usa/texas-child-death-rate

12 Leading Causes of Texas Car Accidents, According to the TDOT. (n.d.). Retrieved

September 22, 2015, from

http://www.daspitlaw.com/Personal-Injury-Blog/2014/March/The-12-Leading-Causes-of-

Texas-Car-Accidents.aspx

Population. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from

http://www.mcallenchamber.com/Business-Community/Population

McAllen, TX Education Level Profile and Enrollment Statistics- CLRSearch. (n.d.).

Retrieved September 22, 2015, from

http://www.clrsearch.com/McAllen-Demographics/TX/Education-Level-and-Enrollment-

Statistics

Race and Ethnicity in McAllen, Texas (City). (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from

http://statisticalatlas.com/place/Texas/McAllen/Race-and-Ethnicity

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http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/usa/texas-child-death-rate


USA Life Expectancy. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from

http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/usa/life-expectancy

United States Census Bureau. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from

http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/00000.html

CATEGORY EXCELLENT – above expectations

GOOD – met expectations

FAIR – below expectations

POOR – significantly below expectations or

missingSCORE

Community Needs Assessment

Synthesize key points related to a community needs assessment including

The paper shows depth in critical thinking when addressing the key points related to a community needs assessment.

(36–40 points)

The paper fully addresses the key points related to a community needs assessment.

The paper lacks depth or clarity of the key points related to a community needs assessment.

The paper does not address a community needs assessment, is inaccurate, missing, or is of poor quality.

40

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CATEGORY EXCELLENT – above expectations

GOOD – met expectations

FAIR – below expectations

POOR – significantly below expectations or

missingSCORE

Data, SWOT, Initiative and Program.

(40 points possible)

(32–35 points) (28–31 points) (0–27 points)

Community Engagement Plan

Explain how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative will achieve and contribute to community engagement


The paper shows critical thinking and problem solving in its explanation of how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative will achieve and contribute to community engagement.

(54–60 points)

The paper fully addresses the key points in its explanation of how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative will achieve and contribute to community engagement.

(48–53 points)

The paper lacks depth or clarity in its explanation of how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative will achieve and contribute to community engagement.

(42–47 points)

The paper does not address how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative will achieve and contribute to community engagement, is inaccurate, missing, or is of poor quality.

(0–41points)

60

Considerations for Social Change

Explain how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative contribute to social change once implemented in the community


The paper shows critical thinking and problem solving in its explanation of how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative contribute to social change once implemented in the community.

(54–60 points)

The paper fully addresses the key points in its explanation of how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative contribute to social change once implemented in the community.

(48–53 points)

The paper lacks depth or clarity in its explanation of how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative contribute to social change once implemented in the community.

(42–47 points)

The paper does not address how the community needs assessment and the proposed program initiative contribute to social change once implemented in a community, is inaccurate, missing, or is of poor quality.

(0–41 points)

60

Writing


Paper is well organized, uses scholarly tone, contains original writing and proper paraphrasing, follows APA style, contains very few or no writing and/or spelling errors, and is fully consistent with graduate level writing style.

(36–40 points)

Paper is mostly consistent with graduate level writing style and may have some spelling, APA, and writing errors.

(32–35 points)

Paper is somewhat consistent with graduate level writing style and may have some spelling, APA, and writing errors.

(28–31 points)

Paper is well below graduate level writing style expectations for organization, scholarly tone, APA style, and writing, or shows heavy reliance on quoting.

(0–27 points)

40

Instructor comments: Hi Pierre,I thoroughly enjoyed reading your excellent paper. You addressed all of the assignment objectives. Someday we will be reading about the McAllen Health Project. Throughout the course you have been developing your project related to a community needs assessment. Your paper illustrates that you understand the purpose of this project. Thank you – and the best to you in your future classes.

Total Score (200 possible points): 200 points

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- Pierre Sanoguet-RiveraWK11ProjSanoguetP

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