0920_Elizabeth Pullen Hygiene Presentation
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Transcript of 0920_Elizabeth Pullen Hygiene Presentation
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Using A Comprehensive Exposure
Assessment Strategy to Assess
Workplace Health Risks
Elizabeth L. Pullen, CIH
APOSHO 26 Australasian
Safety Conference 2011
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What is Industrial Hygiene?
Industrial hygiene is a process for
managing the health risks
associated with workplace
exposures to chemical, physical,
and biological agents
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What is the process for managing
workplace exposures?
Assess and prioritize ALL
exposures into exposure control
categories to focus resources on
highest risks.
Differentiate acceptable from
unacceptable exposures
Control unacceptable
exposures
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Health Risk
VeryHigh
High
Medium
Low
Toxicity
Ex
posure
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Comprehensive Strategy
Why?
Exposures occur whether were there or not!
A comprehensive strategy best manages risk
and resources
Comprehensive strategy
Directed at assessing all exposures for all
workers on all days Transparent system provides foundation for
feedback into Professional Judgment.
Helps prevent occupational illnesses
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Outcomes of Comprehensive
Exposure Assessment & Management
An assessmentof the potential healthrisksfaced by all workers
Assurance that exposure controls are
properly identified and utilized Demonstration of compliancewith
government and exposure guidelines
The establishment of a historical
record of exposure for all records Efficient and effective allocation of time
and resources
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Hazardous Materials
Management and Procurement
Hearing Conservation
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls
Work Practice Controls
Personal Protective Equipment
Medical Surveillance
Epidemiology
Hazard Communication
Education And Training
Exposure Monitoring
Environmental
Compliance
Exposure
Risk
Assessment&
Management
(ERAM)
Exposure Assessment is the Core Activity
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Start
Basic
Characterization
Exposure
Assessment
Uncertain
Implement Controls
Reassessment
Further Information Gathering
Unacceptable
Exposure
Acceptable
Exposure
AIHAs Exposure Risk
Assessment & Management Strategy
A Strategy for
Assessing and
Managing
OccupationalExposures,
3rdedition
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Exposure Assessment Strategy
Reflects iterative continuous
improvement cycleor real-world
assessment programs
Assessment include a combination
of qualitativeand quantitative
information
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Exposure Assessment
The process of:
defining exposure profiles
andjudging the acceptability
of workplace exposures to
environmental agents
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Exposure Assessment Strategy7 Steps
1. Basic Characterization
2. Exposure Assessment
Define similar exposure groups
(SEGs)
Define the exposure profile
Judge acceptability of the profile for
each SEG
3. Further information gathering
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Exposure Assessment Strategy
4. Control measures
Ventilation, Enclosures, PPE
5. Re-assessment
6. Communication and
documentation
7. Implementation
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Start
Basic
Characterization
Exposure
Assessment
Uncertain
Implement Controls
Reassessment
Further Information Gathering
Unacceptable
Exposure
Acceptable
Exposure
AIHAs Exposure Risk
Assessment & Management Strategy
A Strategy for
Assessing and
Managing
OccupationalExposures,
3rdedition
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Basic Characterization
Collect and organize information on
the
Workplace
Processes, equipment, controls
Workforce
Jobs, tasks, personnel, shiftwork
Environmental Agents Chemical, physical, biological,
radiological
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Establish SimilarExposure Groups
Define ExposureProfile
Select/DefineOELs
Compare:
Exposure Profileand its
Uncertainty
OELand its
Uncertainty
Acceptable
UnacceptableUncertain
Exposure
Assessment
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Similar Exposure Group
SEGa group of employees
having:
the same general exposure profile
because of the similarity andfrequency of the tasks they perform,
the similarity of the materials and
processes with which they work, and the similarity in the way they
performthe tasks.
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SEG Concept
Workforce
WorkplaceEnvironmentalAgents
SEG
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Establishing Exposure Limits
Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs) Different Sources
Regulatory OEL
Authoritative OEL
Internal OEL
Working OEL
Different Endpoints Local, Systemic, Acute, Chronic
Averaging Time STEL, Ceiling, TWA, Excursion
Inhalation, Dermal (REACH DNEL)
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Initial Exposure Rating Inputs
QUALITATIVEDATA
QUANTITATIVE
DATA
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
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Initial Exposure Assessments
May use worst-case assumption and
then compare the overestimate to the
OEL, which will account for the
uncertainty May separate out acceptable and
unacceptable exposures, to focus on
uncertain exposures
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Exposure Rating (ER)
Rating % OEL Description
4 >100 Poorlycontrolled
3 50 100 Controlled
2 10
50 Wellcontrolled
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Exposure Assessment
Exposure assessment is a judgment
Acceptable health risk
Uncertain health risk
Unacceptable health risk
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SEG Exposure Control Category Follow-up
** - Decision statistic = 95thpercentile
Exposure
Rating**
Recommended Follow Up
/ Exposure Control
0 (
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Delivering Value
Risk based prioritization and
management of IH programs
Material substitution
Engineering controls
Work practice controls
Personal protective equipment
Medical surveillance
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Exposure Assessments
This is a cyclical process
Initial assessment is usually
based more on judgment and
less on quantitative data
It may have a higher degree of
uncertainty
Note: Spreadsheets are good tools for
managing Basic Characterization and Initial
Exposure Assessments!
Start
BasicCharacterization
ExposureAssessment
Uncertain
Control
Reassessment
Further Information Gathering
UnacceptableExposure
AcceptableExposure
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Make opportunities to verify and refine
initial exposure assessments
Each re-evaluation will build upon
information collected and documented
in past assessments
We cant do it all at once, so start the
process and build on it
Continuous Improvement
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Further Information
References:
A Strategy for Assessing and
Managing Occupational
Exposures, 3rdedition, AIHA
Press
AIHA Exposure Assessment
Strategies Committee
www.aiha.org
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