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A Choice Collection of Rare Secrets (1682)

Alchemy & Diderot's Alchemical Chart of

Affinities (1778)

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In 1789,Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33

chemical elements.

Gases

New names (French)Old names (Englishtranslation)

Lumire Light

Calorique HeatPrinciple of heatIgneous fluidFireMatter of fire and of heat

Oxygne Dephlogisticated air

Empyreal airVital air

Base of vital air

Azote Phlogisticated gasMephitisBase of mephitis

Hydrogne Inflammable air or gasBase of inflammable air

Metals

New names (French) Old names (Englishtranslation)

Antimoine Antimony

Argent Silver

Arsenic Arsenic

Bismuth Bismuth

Cobolt Cobalt

Cuivre Copper

tain Tin

Fer Iron

Manganse Manganese

Mercure Mercury

Molybdne Molybdena

Nickel Nickel

Or Gold

Platine Platina

Plomb Lead

Tungstne TungstenZinc Zinc

Nonmetals

New names (French)Old nams (Englishtranslation)

Soufre Sulphur

Phosphore Phosphorus

Carbone Pure charcoal

Radical muriatique Unknown

Radical fluorique Unknown

Radical boracique Unknown

Earths

New names (French)Old names (Englishtranslation)

Chaux Chalk, calcareous earth

MagnsieMagnesia, base of Epsomsalt

Baryte Barote, or heavy earth

AlumineClay, earth of alum, base

of alum

SiliceSiliceous earth, vitrifiableearth

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John Dalton Elements

A fuller list of Dalton's elements and symbols (1808)

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Familiar metalic elements gold () silver ()

copper () iron ()tin ()

lead () mercury ()

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Common non-metals in China carbon ()

boron ()

sulfur ()

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Transliterate NamesEnglish Japanese Notesodium natoriumu () natrium in Latin

uranium uran () Uran in German, uran in Polish

and ran in Icelandic

Native NamesEnglish Japanese Chinese Notemercury suigin () gong () literally meaning "watery silver", like the

element's symbol, Hg (Latin for hydro-argyrum).

zinc aen () xin () meaning "lesser lead", with lead being in

bothJapanese and Chinese

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Means IRON

Means LEAD

Means TIN

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Meaning-based NamesEnglish Japanese Chinese Noteplatinum hakkin ( "white

gold")

similar to Chinese

hydrogen suiso ( "water'scomponent")

translation of the hydro- prefix

chlorine enso ( "salt'scomponent")

it and sodium make up commontable salt (NaCl);

is the Shinjitai version of.

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Translated NamesEnglish Korean Source

silver eun () from Chinese yin ()

antimony antimon () from German

tungsten teongseuten () from Englishsodium nateuryum () from Latin (Na for natrium)

potassium kalyum () from Latin kalium

manganese manggan () from German Mangan

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Pre-modern (18th-century) ElementsEnglish Korean (Hangul, hanja)hydrogen suso (,)

carbon tanso (,)nitrogen jilso (,)

oxygen sanso (,)

chlorine yeomso (,)

zinc ayeon (,)

mercury sueun (,)

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