CONSTRUCCIÓN DE DOS ENUNCIADOS COLECTIVOS EN EL ...

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CONSTRUCCIÓN DE DOS ENUNCIADOS COLECTIVOS EN EL CABILDO DE TLAXCALA JOHN SULLIVAN Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Este estudio enfrenta tres textos que circularon dentro del ayuntamien- to tlaxcalteca a mediados del siglo XVI. El primero es un apartado de las ordenanzas emitidas en Tlaxcala en 1545 por el licenciado Santillán en 1545, el cual prescribe el mecanismo de votación por mayoría como procedimiento para llegar a acuerdos en cabildo. Los otros dos textos son actas de cabildo escritas en Tlaxcala durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVI. Cada una registra detalladamente procesos de discusión rea- lizados por los funcionarios indígenas. Su análisis demuestra que los procedimientos utilizados en la cultura nahua para la construcción de enunciados políticos colectivos se distinguían mucho del modelo his- pánico, y que seguían vigentes a pesar del proyecto de hispanización del sistema político indígena. Las Ordenanzas del licenciado Gómez de Santillán para el go- bierno y regimiento de la República, emitidas en Tlaxcala el 3 de marzo de 1545 (Gómez de Santillán [1545]1991, 210-221) representaban un intento de parte del virreinato de la Nueva España de reorganizar el sistema gubernamental de la confederación tlaxcalteca. El motivo for- mal del documento era remediar unos problemas relacionados con la representatividad del ayuntamiento tlaxcalteca, pero las Ordenanzas excedieron esa función para incluir medidas que remediaran la falta de orden y concierto que convenía que hubiese en las cosas del Go- bierno y regimiento de la República (212). Tal parece ser la inten- ción del visitador cuando después de mencionar el desorden vigente en la vida pública tlaxcalteca, definió en forma ambigua el alcance de las medidas que iba a imponer al respecto: por ende, que para pro- veer y remediar en todo lo que convenga... proveía y proveyó, y orde- naba y ordenó las cosas siguientes (212). De 27 apartados, sólo cuatro proponían remediar situaciones de desorden. Los 23 apartados res- tantes decretaban una serie de medidas relacionadas con la organiza- ción y el funcionamiento del ayuntamiento de Tlaxcala. De estos, cinco

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