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Control del tono vascular

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TONO VASCULARregulado en el corto plazo por mecanismosextrnsecos e intrnsecos:Son extrnsecos:!la regulaci"n nerviosa #simp$tica% parasimp$tica!&'!la (umoral& )*!la (ormonal&

Son intrnsecos +actores autocrinos% paracrinos eintracrinos% tales como los derivados del endotelio )del meta,olismo celular& entre ellos de,e tam,i-n

tenerse en cuenta a la autorregulaci"n #.re/e0omiog-nico1!2

3n la regulaci"n a largo plazo se produce regulaci"nneuro(umoral% adem$s del tono vascular del

volumen sanguneo ) de +actores renales%

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TA ; 3STR?AT>VO

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@igure 2 B c(annels and a cell vascular23suem$tica tone o+

vascular smoot( muscle #top! and cross sections t(roug( anarteriole # ,ottom! s(o5s t(at t(e opening o+ B c(annels

leads to t(e diDusion o+ B ions out o+ t(e cell mem,rane()perpolarization % closing voltage9gated Ca 'B c(annels %decreased intracellular Ca 'B % etc # see text! % leading to

vasodilation 2 Closing o+ B c(annels (as t(e oppositeeDect 2 EodiFed GacHson2

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Cl 9 c(annels and vascular23suem$tica tone o+ a vascularsmoot( muscle cell #top! and transverse sections t(roug( an

arteriole # ,ottom ! s(o5ing t(at t(e opening o+ Cl 9 c(annelsleads to t(e diDusion o+ Cl 9 ions outside t(e cell mem,ranedepolarization % opening o+ voltage9gated Ca 'B c(annels %

increased intracellular Ca 'B % etc # see text! % 5(ic( leads tovasoconstriction 2 Closure o+ Cl 9 c(annels (as t(e opposite

eDect

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>on c(annels and vascular tone 2 Sc(ematic o+ a cross sectiont(roug( part o+ a vascular muscle cell2 Over t(e upper mem,rane

is >R % ATI % V% and Ca canales2Volta0e J Ca c(annels also

muestran' B ' Cl 9c(annels t)pes o+ c(annels # see text! % SOCc(annels # SOCC ! and SAC # SACC ! 2 S(o5n in t(e mem,ranes o+sarcoplasmic reticulum # SR ! are r)anodine receptors # R)R ! andt(e inositol %7%K9 trip(osp(ate receptor # >I * R! 2 Jottom Some

o+ t(e signals are Hno5n to modulate t(e +unction o+ ion c(annelsrepresented 2 AC indicates aden)late c)clase & IA % cAEI9

dependent protein Hinase & sC % solu,le guan)late c)clase &I % cEI9dependent protein Hinase &