CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS...

6
&255(/$&,Ð1 (175( /$ 025)2/2*Ì$ (;7(51$ 0$1',%8 /$5 < /$ ',9(5*(1&,$ )$&,$/ (1 3$&,(17(6 $7(1','26 (1 /$ 35$&7,&$ 35,9$'$ &XED(VSLQR]D 7DQ\ 9 'RFWRUDQGR HQ (GXFDFLyQ 0DHVWUtD HQ 'RFHQFLD H ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ HQ (VWRPDWRORJtD (VSHFLDOLGDG HQ 2UWRGRQFLD 81060 &RQWDFWR WYFXED#KRWPDLOFRP (O HVWXGLR WLHQH FRPR SURSyVLWR FRUUHODFLRQDU OD PRUIRORJtD H[WHUQD PDQGLEXODU FRQ OD GLYHUJHQFLD IDFLDO SDUD OR FXDO VH HYDOXDURQ UDGLRJUDItDV FHIDORPpWULFDV GH VXMHWRV QR WUDWDGRV RUWRGyQFLFDPHQWH HQWUH \ DxRV GH HGDG TXH DFXGHQ D XQ FRQVXOWRULR GHQWDO GH /LPD 1RUWH 7RGDV ODV UDGLRJUDItDV IXHURQ GLJLWDOL]DGDV XVDQGR XQ SURWRFROR FRQVWUXtGR SDUD HVWH ÀQ D WUDYpV GH IRWRJUDItDV REWHQLGDV FRQ XQD FiPDUD GLJLWDO 1LNRQ &RROSL[ 3 \ OOHYDGDV D HVFDOD UHDO FRQ HO SURJUDPD LQIRUPiWLFR $XWRFDG HQ HO FXDO VH PLGLHURQ ODV YDULDEOHV \ VH UHDOL]y OD YDOLGDFLyQ GHO SURWRFROR FRQ OD FRQWUDVWDFLyQ GH PHGLGDV OLQHDOHV 5(68/7$'26 ([LVWH XQD FRUUHODFLyQ SRVLWLYD VLJQLÀFDWLYD HQWUH OD GLYHUJHQFLD IDFLDO \ HO iQJXOR JRQLDO U S FRUUHODFLyQ QHJDWLYD HQWUH OD GLYHUJHQFLD IDFLDO \ HO iUHD GH HVFRWDGXUD PDQGLEXODU U H[LVWH GLIHUHQFLDV HQ OD GLYHUJHQFLD IDFLDO HQ SDFLHQWHV FRQ HVFRWDGXUD DQWHJRQLDO SURIXQGD \ OODQD S &21&/86,Ð1 /D PRUIRORJtD PDQGLEXODU H[SOLFD OHYHPHQWH OD YDULDELOLGDG GHO SDWUyQ GH GLYHUJHQFLD IDFLDO GH ODV SHUVRQDV (O iQJXOR JRQLDO HV OD YDULDEOH TXH HVWi FRUUHODFLRQDGD D XQ QLYHO GH VLJQLÀFDQFLD HVWDGtVWLFD FRQ OD GLYHUJHQFLD IDFLDO /D GLYHUJHQFLD IDFLDO HV PD\RU HQ SHUVRQDV FRQ HVFRWDGXUD DQWHJRQLDO SURIXQGD (O VLVWHPD GH GLJLWDOL]DFLyQ GH LPiJHQHV SURSXHVWR HV DOWDPHQWH FRQÀDEOH 3DODEUDV &ODYH (VFRWDGXUD DQWHJRQLDO HVFRWDGXUD SRVWHULRU GH UDPD PDQGLEXODU iQJXOR JRQLDO PRUIRORJt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ÀFDQW SRVLWLYH FRUUHODWLRQ EHWZHHQ GLYHUJHQFH DQG IDFLDO JRQLDO DQJOH U S QHJDWLYH FRUUHODWLRQ EHWZHHQ GLYHUJHQFH IDFLDO DQG PDQGLEXODU QRWFK DUHD U WKHUH DUH GLIIHUHQFHV LQ IDFLDO GLYHUJHQFH LQ DQWHJRQLDO QRWFK RI WKH SDWLHQWV ZLWK GHHS QRWFK OHYHOS &21&/86,Ð1 PDQGLEXODU PRUSKRORJ\YDULDELOLW\ H[SODLQV VOLJKW\ GLYHUJHQW SDWWHUQ RI IDFLDO SHRSOH 7KH JR QLDO DQJOH LV WKH YDULDEOH WKDW LV FRUUHODWHG WR D OHYHO RI VWDWLVWLFDO VLJQLÀFDQFH ZLWKIDFLDO GLIIHUHQFH )DFLDO GL YHUJHQFH LV JUHDWHU LQ SHRSOH ZLWK SURIRXQGDQW JRQLDO QRWFK 7KH LPDJLQJ V\VWHP SURSRVHG LV KLJKO\ UHOLDEOH .H\ :RUGV $QWHJRQLDO QRWFK SRVWHULRU QRWFK UDPXV JRQLDO DQJOHPDQGLEXODU PRUSKRORJ\ 5(680(1 $UWtFXOR 2ULJLQDO $%675$&7 &RQJUHVR 2UWRGRQFLD

description

El estudio tiene como propósito correlacionar la morfología externa mandibular con la divergencia facial, para lo cual se evaluaron 32 radiografías cefalométricas de sujetos no tratados ortodóncicamente entre 10 y 16 años de edad, que acuden a un consultorio dental de Lima Norte. Todas las radiografías fueron digitalizadas usando un protocolo construído para este fin a través de fotografías obtenidas con una cámara digital Nikon CoolpixP100 y llevadas a escala real con el programa informático Autocad 2009 en el cual se midieron las variables y se realizó la validación del protocolo, con la contrastación de 128 medidas lineales.RESULTADOS: Existe una correlación positiva significativa entre la divergencia facial y el ángulo gonial (r=0.493 p CONCLUSIÓN: La morfología mandibular explica levemente la variabilidad del patrón de divergencia facial de las personas. El ángulo gonial es la variable que está correlacionada a un nivel de significancia estadística con la divergencia facial. La divergencia facial es mayor en personas con escotadura antegonial profunda. Elsistema de digitalización de imágenes propuesto es altamente confiable.

Transcript of CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS...

Page 1: CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EN LA PRACTICA PRIVADA

&255(/$&,Ð1�(175(�/$�025)2/2*Ì$�(;7(51$�0$1',%8�/$5�<� /$�',9(5*(1&,$� )$&,$/� (1� 3$&,(17(6�$7(1','26�(1�/$�35$&7,&$�35,9$'$

&XED�(VSLQR]D�7DQ\�9���

�'RFWRUDQGR�HQ�(GXFDFLyQ��0DHVWUtD�HQ�'RFHQFLD�H�,QYHVWLJDFLyQ�HQ�(VWRPDWRORJtD��(VSHFLDOLGDG�HQ�2UWRGRQFLD�81060��&RQWDFWR��WYFXED#KRWPDLO�FRP

(O�HVWXGLR�WLHQH�FRPR�SURSyVLWR�FRUUHODFLRQDU�OD�PRUIRORJtD�H[WHUQD�PDQGLEXODU�FRQ�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��SDUD�OR�FXDO�VH�HYDOXDURQ����UDGLRJUDItDV�FHIDORPpWULFDV�GH��VXMHWRV�QR�WUDWDGRV�RUWRGyQFLFDPHQWH�HQWUH����\����DxRV�GH�HGDG��TXH�DFXGHQ�D�XQ�FRQVXOWRULR�GHQWDO�GH�/LPD�1RUWH��7RGDV�ODV�UDGLRJUDItDV�IXHURQ�GLJLWDOL]DGDV�XVDQGR�XQ�SURWRFROR�FRQVWUXtGR�SDUD�HVWH�ÀQ�D�WUDYpV�GH�IRWRJUDItDV�REWHQLGDV�FRQ�XQD�FiPDUD�GLJLWDO�1LNRQ�&RROSL[�3����\�OOHYDGDV�D�HVFDOD�UHDO�FRQ�HO�SURJUDPD�LQIRUPiWLFR�$XWRFDG������HQ�HO�FXDO�VH�PLGLHURQ�ODV�YDULDEOHV�\�VH�UHDOL]y�OD�YDOLGDFLyQ�GHO�SURWRFROR��FRQ�OD�FRQWUDVWDFLyQ�GH�����PHGLGDV�OLQHDOHV��5(68/7$'26��([LVWH�XQD�FRUUHODFLyQ�SRVLWLYD�VLJQLÀFDWLYD�HQWUH� OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�\�HO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO��U ������S�����������FRUUHODFLyQ�QHJDWLYD�HQWUH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�\�HO�iUHD�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�PDQGLEXODU��U ���������H[LVWH�GLIHUHQFLDV�HQ�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HQ�SDFLHQWHV�FRQ�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�SURIXQGD�\�OODQD��S�����������&21&/86,Ð1��/D�PRUIRORJtD�PDQGLEXODU�H[SOLFD�OHYHPHQWH�OD�YDULDELOLGDG�GHO�SDWUyQ�GH�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�GH�ODV�SHUVRQDV��(O�iQJXOR�JRQLDO�HV�OD�YDULDEOH�TXH�HVWi�FRUUHODFLRQDGD�D�XQ�QLYHO�GH�VLJQLÀFDQFLD�HVWDGtVWLFD�FRQ�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��/D�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HV�PD\RU�HQ�SHUVRQDV�FRQ�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�SURIXQGD��(O�VLVWHPD�GH�GLJLWDOL]DFLyQ�GH�LPiJHQHV�SURSXHVWR�HV�DOWDPHQWH�FRQÀDEOH�

3DODEUDV�&ODYH��(VFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO��HVFRWDGXUD�SRVWHULRU�GH�UDPD�PDQGLEXODU��iQJXOR�JRQLDO��PRUIRORJtD�PDQGLEXODU��

7KH� VWXG\� DLPV� WR� FRUUHODWH� WKH� H[WHUQDO�PDQGLEXODU�PRUSKRORJ\�ZLWK� IDFLDO� GLYHUJHQFH�� IRU� WKDW� SXUSRVH����FHSKDORPHWULF�UDGLRJUDSKV�RI�RUWKRGRQWLFDOO\�XQWUHDWHG�VXEMHFWV�EHWZHHQ����DQG����\HDUV�ROG��DWWHQGLQJ�D�GHQWDO�FOLQLF�LQ�1RUWK�/LPD�ZHUH�HYDOXDWHG���$OO�UDGLRJUDSKV�ZHUH�GLJLWDOL]HG�XVLQJ�D�SURWRFRO�PDGH�IRU�WKLV�SXUSRVH�WKURXJK�SKRWRJUDSKV�WDNHQ�ZLWK�D�1LNRQ�&RROSL[�3����GLJLWDO�FDPHUD�DQG�SHUIRUPHG�WR�VFDOH�����ZLWK�WKH�VRIWZDUH�$XWRFDG������LQ�ZKLFK�ZH�PHDVXUHG�WKH�YDULDEOHV�DQG�SHUIRUPHG�WKH�YDOLGDWLRQ�RI��WKLV�SURWR�FRO��ZLWK�WKH�WHVWLQJ�RI�����OLQHDU�PHDVXUHPHQWV��5(68/76��$�VLJQLÀFDQW�SRVLWLYH�FRUUHODWLRQ�EHWZHHQ�GLYHUJHQFH�DQG�IDFLDO�JRQLDO�DQJOH��U� �������S��������QHJDWLYH�FRUUHODWLRQ�EHWZHHQ�GLYHUJHQFH�IDFLDO�DQG�PDQGLEXODU�QRWFK�DUHD��U ����������WKHUH�DUH�GLIIHUHQFHV��LQ�IDFLDO�GLYHUJHQFH�LQ�DQWHJRQLDO�QRWFK�RI�WKH��SDWLHQWV�ZLWK�GHHS�QRWFK�OHYHO�S����������&21&/86,Ð1��PDQGLEXODU�PRUSKRORJ\YDULDELOLW\�H[SODLQV�VOLJKW\�GLYHUJHQW�SDWWHUQ�RI�IDFLDO�SHRSOH��7KH�JR�QLDO�DQJOH�LV�WKH�YDULDEOH�WKDW�LV�FRUUHODWHG�WR�D�OHYHO�RI�VWDWLVWLFDO�VLJQLÀFDQFH�ZLWKIDFLDO�GLIIHUHQFH��)DFLDO�GL�YHUJHQFH�LV�JUHDWHU�LQ�SHRSOH�ZLWK�SURIRXQGDQW�JRQLDO�QRWFK��7KH�LPDJLQJ�V\VWHP�SURSRVHG�LV�KLJKO\�UHOLDEOH�

.H\�:RUGV��$QWHJRQLDO�QRWFK��SRVWHULRU�QRWFK�UDPXV��JRQLDO�DQJOH�PDQGLEXODU�PRUSKRORJ\�

5(680(1

$UWtFXOR�2ULJLQDO

$%675$&7

&RQJUHVR�2UWRGRQFLD����������������

Page 2: CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EN LA PRACTICA PRIVADA

,1752'8&&,Ð1(O�DQiOLVLV�GH�ODV�FRQGLFLRQHV�PRUIROyJLFDV�GH�ORV�VH�UHV�KXPDQRV��WLHQH�HVSHFLDO�LPSRUWDQFLD��HQ�VLWXDFLR�QHV�GH�FODVLÀFDFLyQ��GLDJQyVWLFR��R�GH�LGHQWLÀFDFLyQ������HO�HVWXGLR�GH�OD�IRUPD�IDFLDO�GHELGR�DO�FUHFLPLHQ�WR�\�GHVDUUROOR�GH�HVWD�HVWUXFWXUD� WLHQHQ� LPSOLFDQFLD�GLUHFWD�HQ�OD�SODQLÀFDFLyQ�GHO�WUDWDPLHQWR�RUWRSpGLFR�\�R�RUWRGyQFLFR���\�DO�PRPHQWR�GH�HVWDEOHFHU�HO�SUR�QyVWLFR�GHO�PLVPR����

/D�UHODFLyQ�DQJXODU�HQWUH�OD�EDVH�GH�FUiQHR�\�HO�ERUGH�H[WHUQR�PDQGLEXODU�LQIHULRU��HV�XQD�PHGLGD�UHSUHVHQ�WDWLYD�GH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�����EDVWDQWH�VLPSOH�\�GH�IiFLO�LGHQWLÀFDFLyQ�HQ�XQ�WUD]DGR�FHIDORPpWULFR�(O�DVSHFWR�PRUIROyJLFR�IDFLDO�WRWDO�HVWi�GHWHUPLQDGR�SRU� OD� LQÁXHQFLD�GH�GLIHUHQWHV�HVWUXFWXUDV�� OD�HVWUXF�WXUD� FUDQHDO�� GHO� WHUFLR�PHGLR� \� GHO� WHUFLR� LQIHULRU���VLHQGR�HQ�HVWD�~OWLPD�HO�FRPSRUWDPLHQWR�GH�OD�PDQGt�EXOD�XQ�IDFWRU�LPSRUWDQWH�GH�DQiOLVLV��8Q�DVSHFWR�PX\�HVWXGLDGR�HVWi�UHIHULGR�DO�WDPDxR�HQ�Vt�GH�HVWD�HVWUXF�WXUD�� H� LQFOXVR� VH� KDQ� FRQVWUXLGR� WDEODV� UHVSHFWR� GH�SURPHGLRV�GH��DFXHUGR�D�HGDG��VH[R���WLSR�SREODFLRQDO�HWF��%MRUN� ���KL]R�XQD�YDORUDFLyQ�UHVSHFWR�GHO�SXQWR�GH�LPSODQWDFLyQ�PDQGLEXODU�HQ�UHODFLyQ�D�OD�EDVH�GHO�FUiQHR�� TXH�GHÀQtD�XQD�SRVLFLyQ� VDJLWDO�PDQGLEXODU�HQ�IXQFLyQ�GHO�iQJXOR�GH�OD�6LOOD��16$U��

/D�PDQGtEXOD�VH�KD�GLYLGLGR�GHVGH�XQ�SXQWR�GH�YLV�WD�DQDWyPLFR�HQ�FXHUSR�\�UDPD����\�VH�KD�XWLOL]DGR�DO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO�FRPR�SDUiPHWUR�GH�ÁH[LyQ�PDQGLEXODU��/D�URWDFLyQ�LQWUDPDWULFLDO�TXH�WLHQH�OD�PDQGtEXOD�GH�WHUPLQD�HVWDGRV�GH�SURWUXVLyQ�R�UHWUXVLyQ�HQ�UHODFLyQ�D� OD�EDVH�GHO�FUiQHR��HQ�XQ�VHQWLGR�DQWHUR�SRVWHULRU��\� HQ� XQ� VHQWLGR� YHUWLFDO�� GLIHUHQWHV� FRQGLFLRQHV� GH�GLYHUJHQFLD� IDFLDO�� ���� (O� FiOFXOR� GHO� FRPSRUWDPLHQ�WR�GXUDQWH�HO�FUHFLPLHQWR��GH�OD�ÁH[LyQ�PDQGLEXODU�D�VLGR�VXMHWD�GH�YDULRV�HVWXGLRV�������������� OOHJDQGR�D� LQ�WHQWRV� GH� WUDWDU� GH� VLPXODU� HO� FUHFLPLHQWR�PDQGLEX�ODU��FRPR�OD�SURSXHVWD�GH�SUHGLFFLyQ�DUTXLDO�GH�FUH�FLPLHQWR�PDQGLEXODU������� /D� URWDFLyQ�PDQGLEXODU� VH�GD�SRU�OD�LQÁXHQFLD�GHO�FUHFLPLHQWR�GH�OD�HVWUXFWXUDV�YHFLQDV����������SHUR�WDPELpQ�SRU�FDPELRV�D�QLYHO�PRU�IROyJLFR� GH� OD� SURSLD�PDQGtEXOD�� \� HVWR� HVWi� OLJDGR�D�GRV�IHQyPHQRV�ÀVLROyJLFRV�TXH�VRQ�OD�DSRVLFLyQ�\�UHDEVRUFLyQ��HO�ERUGH�SRVWHULRU�H�LQIHULRU�GH�OD�PDQGt�EXOD�KDQ� VLGR� LGHQWLÀFDGRV�FRPR�]RQDV� UHDEVRUFLyQ�yVHD�\�]RQD�JRQLDO�FRPR�OXJDU�GH�DSRVLFLyQ�yVHD��HOOR�GHWHUPLQD�FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV�GH�ÁH[LyQ�PDQGLEXODU�GLIH�UHQWH� SDUD� FDGD�XQD�GH� ODV� SHUVRQDV��� \� HVWD�ÁH[LyQ�SXHGH� VHU� DQDOL]DGD�PRUIROyJLFDPHQWH� XWLOL]DQGR� DO�

iQJXOR�JRQLDO����\�ODV�FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�\�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�PDQGLEXODU�������(O�FRPSRUWDPLHQWR�GLIHUHQWHV�GH�ODV�HVWUXFWXUDV�yVHDV�TXH�FRPSRQHQ�HO�PDFL]R�FUDQHRIDFLDO��HVWiQ�OLJDGRV�VLJXLHQGR� ORV� SULQFLSLRV� GH� ODV� FRQWUDSDUWHV� GH� (Q�ORZ���TXH�HQ�FRQMXQWR�UHÁHMDQ�HO�ELRWLSR�ÀQDO�GH�XQD�SHUVRQD�

6H�KDQ�HQFRQWUDGR�DOJXQRV�KDOOD]JRV�TXH�LQGLFDQ�TXH�ODV�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDOHV�SURIXQGDV�HVWiQ�DVRFLDGDV�D�SDWURQHV�YHUWLFDOHV�������������H�LQFOXVR�VH�KD�SURSXHV�WR� OD�SRVLELOLGDG�GH�XVDUOR�FRPR�HOHPHQWR�SUHGLFWRU�GH�FUHFLPLHQWR�GHO� LQGLYLGXR������� VDEHU�GH�DQWHPDQR�FRPR�YD�D�VHU�HO�FRPSRUWDPLHQWR�GH�GHVDUUROOR�GH�ODV�HVWUXFWXUDV� IDFLDOHV�� OH� SHUPLWH� DO� FOtQLFR� HVWDEOHFHU�SURSXHVWDV�GH�WUDWDPLHQWR�DGHFXDGRV�SDUD�FDGD�FDVR�HQ�SDUWLFXODU��<D�TXH�GXUDQWH�HO�WUDWDPLHQWR�RUWRSpGL�FR�\�R�RUWRGyQWLFR��H[LVWHQ�GLIHUHQFLDV�HQ�ODV�UHVSXHV�WDV�FXDQGR�VH�DSOLFDQ�D�SHUVRQDV�GH�GLIHUHQWH�ELRWLSR�IDFLDO�H�LQFOXVR�HO�SURQyVWLFR�GHSHQGH�GH�OD�VLWXDFLyQ�GH�VHYHULGDG�GH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�����

/DV�FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV�PDQGLEXODUHV�SXHGHQ�HVWDU�DVRFLD�GDV�DO�FUHFLPLHQWR�JHQHUDO�GH�OD�FDUD��HV�SRU�HOOR�TXH�VH�SUHWHQGH�FRUUHODFLRQDU�OD�PRUIRORJtD�H[WHUQD�PDQ�GLEXODU�FRQ�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��EXVFDQGR�HVWDEOHFHU�XQ�DOJRULWPR�PDWHPiWLFR�TXH�SHUPLWD�H[SOLFDU�OD�GL�YHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HQ�EDVH�GH�DOJXQRV�SUHGLFWRUHV

0$7(5,$/(6�<�0e72'266H�VHOHFFLRQDURQ����UDGLRJUDItDV��HQ�XQ�PXHVWUHR�QR�SUREDELOtVWLFR�SRU�FRQYHQLHQFLD�\�VDWXUDFLyQ��HQWUH����D����DxRV�����KRPEUHV�\����PXMHUHV��ODV�FXDOHV�SHU�WHQHFtDQ�D�VXMHWRV�QR�WUDWDGRV�RUWRSpGLFD�QL�RUWRGyQ�FLFDPHQWH��VH�VHSDUDURQ� ORV�VXMHWRV�TXH�SUHVHQWDEDQ�HYLGHQWH� DVLPHWUtD� \� DTXHOODV� UDGLRJUDItDV� FRQ� GLIH�UHQFLDV�PDUFDGDV�HQ�HO�ERUGH�H[WHUQR�PDQGLEXODU�GH�UHFKR�H�L]TXLHUGR��(Q�ODV�SODFDV�UDGLRJUiÀFDV�VH�KL]R�XQD�PDUFD�TXH�SXHGD�VHUYLU�GH�UHIHUHQFLD�DO�PRPHQWR�GHO�HVFDODGR�\�VXSULPLU� OD�GLVWRUVLyQ�IRWRJUiÀFD��VL�JXLHQGR�ORV�SULQFLSLRV�GH�OD�IRWRJUDPHWUtD���

/DV�UDGLRJUDItDV�IXHURQ�GLJLWDOL]DGDV�XVDQGR�XQD�Fi�PDUD�GLJLWDO�IRWRJUiÀFD�1LNRQ�&RROSL[��3����GH���;�GH�]RRP�\������PHJDSL[HOV�XELFDGD�D�XQ�PHWUR�GH�XQ�QHJDWRVFRSLR�FRQWHQLHQGR�OD�UDGLRJUDItD�FHIDORPpWUL�FD�\�TXH�VH�HQFRQWUDUD�SDUDOHOD�DO�OHQWH�GH�OD�FiPDUD��HVWD� ~OWLPD�XELFDGD� HQ� XQ� WUtSRGH� FRQ� QLYHO� SDUD� HO�FRQWURO�GH�OtQHD�GH�HQIRTXH�SDUDOHOD�UHVSHFWR�DO�SLVR�\�SHUSHQGLFXODU�D�OD�SODFD�UDGLRJUiÀFD��ODV�IRWRJUDItDV�

Page 3: CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EN LA PRACTICA PRIVADA

��

IXHURQ�WRPDGDV�HQ�FRQGLFLRQHV�GH�HVFDVD�LOXPLQDFLyQ�\�HQ�PRGR�0DFUR�

/DV�LPiJHQHV�IXHURQ�OOHYDGDV�DO�SURJUDPD�GH�HGLFLyQ�IRWRJUiÀFD�3KRWRVKRS�&6��SDUD�OD�HGLFLyQ�GH�EULOOR��FRQWUDVWH� UHFRUWH�\�PHMRUD�GH�HQIRTXH�GH� OD� LPDJHQ�FRQ�HO�ÀOWUR�´HQIRTXHµ�OD�LPDJHQ�REWHQLGD�VH�WUDVODGD�DO�$XWRFDG������GRQGH�VH�OOHYD�D�WDPDxR�UHDO��HVFD�ODGR� GH� LPDJHQ�� \� FRUUHFFLyQ� GH� OD� GLVWRUVLyQ� IRWR�JUiÀFD�)LJXUD����\�OXHJR�VH�SURFHGH�D�OD�PHGLFLyQ�GH�ODV�YDULDEOHV�DFRWDGR�GH�ODV�YDULDEOHV���)LJXUD�����6H�PLGLHURQ�HO�iQJXOR�IRUPDGR�SRU��HO�SODQR�61�\�3ODQR�WDQJHQWH� ERUGH� LQIHULRU�PDQGLEXODU� �GLYHUJHQFLD� ID�FLDO���OD�GLVWDQFLD�HQWUH�HO�SODQR�WDQJHQWH�ERUGH�LQIH�ULRU�PDQGLEXODU�\�HO�SXQWR�GH�PD\RU�SURIXQGLGDG�GHO�DQWHJRQLR��SURIXQGLGDG�DQWHJRQLDO���HO�iUHD�GHOLPLWD�GD�SRU�HO�SODQR�WDQJHQWH�DO�ERUGH�LQIHULRU�PDQGLEXODU�\�HO�ERUGH�GHO�DQWHJRQLR��iUHD�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWH�JRQLDO���OD�GLVWDQFLD�HQWUH�HO�SODQR�WDQJHQWH�DO�ERUGH�SRVWHULRU�PDQGLEXODU�\�HO�SXQWR�GH�PD\RU�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�PDQGLEXODU��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD���HO�iUHD�GHOLPLWDGD�SRU�HO�SODQR�WDQJHQWH�DO�ERUGH�SRVWHULRU�PDQGLEXODU�\�HO�ERUGH�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO��iUHD�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD���)LJXUD�����<�FXDWUR�PHGLGDV�OLQHDOHV�TXH�FRUUHVSRQ�GHQ� D� ORV� H[WUHPRV� GH� OD� SODFD� UDGLRJUiÀFD� SDUD� OD�YDOLGDFLyQ�GHO�VLVWHPD�GH�GLJLWDOL]DFLyQ�SURSXHVWR�

(O�SURFHVDPLHQWR�GH�ORV�GDWRV�VH�UHDOL]y�HQ�XQD�FRP�SXWDGRUD�+3�3DYLOOLRQ�7[������FRQ�:LQGRZV����PH�GLDQWH� HO� VRIWZDUH� 6366� YHUVLyQ� ��� GRQGH� VH� UHDOL�]DURQ� ORV� FiOFXORV� GH� HVWDGtVWLFD� GHVFULSWLYD� �0HGLD�$ULWPpWLFD�� 'HVYLDFLyQ� (VWiQGDU��� SDUD� ODV�PHGLGDV�GH� FRUUHODFLyQ� VH� XVy� HO�&RHÀFLHQWH� GH�3HDUVRQ�� XQ�DQiOLVLV�GH�5HJUHVLyQ�P~OWLSOH��3UXHED�7�GH�6WXGHQW�\�SDUD�OD�YDOLGDFLyQ�GHO�VLVWHPD�GH�GLJLWDOL]DFLyQ�GH�

LPiJHQHV�VH�XVy�HO�&RHÀFLHQWH�GH�&RUUHODFLyQ�,QWUD�FODVH�

5(68/7$'26/DV�HGDGHV�GH�ORV�VXMHWRV�RVFLODURQ�HQWUH�ORV����D����DxRV��SURPHGLR�����6' �������OD�HGDG�SURPHGLR�GHO�FO~VWHU�GH�DQWHJRQLR�OODQR�HV�GH�������DxRV�\�GHO�DQWH�JRQLR�SURIXQGR�HV�GH�������DxRV��VH�XVy�FRPR�FULWHULR�OD� SURIXQGLGDG� GH� DQWHJRQLR� GH� ���� FRPR� SXQWR� GH�FRUWH�HQWUH�JUXSRV�/D�GLYHUJHQFLD� IDFLDO�GH� OD�PXHVWUD� WXYR�XQD�PHGLD�GH��������6'������ OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GHO�DQWHJRQLR�XQD�PHGLD�GH�����PP�6'�GH������\�OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�OD�HV�FRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�XQD�PHGLD�GH������PP�6'�GH������7DEOD�,/D�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HVWD�FRUUHODFLRQDGR�FRQ�HO�iQJX�OR�JRQLDO�FRQ�XQ�UDWLR�GH�3HDUVRQ�U ������\�HQ�XQD�FR�UUHODFLyQ�LQYHUVD�FRQ�HO�iUHD�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�U ��������VLHQGR�DPEDV�FRUUHODFLRQHV�HVWDGtVWLFDPHQ�WH�VLJQLÀFDWLYDV��QR�WXYR�FRUUHODFLyQ�HVWDGtVWLFDPHQWH�VLJQLÀFDWLYD�FRQ�OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�FRQ�OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO��7DEOD�,,�/D�HFXDFLyQ�IRUPDGD�SRU�OD�YDULDEOHV�SUHGLFWRUDV��iQ�JXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�SURIXQGLGDG�GH� OD� HVFRWDGXUD� GH� UDPD�� IXH� FDSD]� GH� SUHGHFLU� HO�������GH�OD�YDULDELOLGDG�GH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��HP�SOHiQGRVH�XQ�DQiOLVLV�GH�UHJUHVLyQ�P~OWLSOH�5� �������7DEOD�,,,/D�PHGLD� GH� OD� GLYHUJHQFLD� IDFLDO� HQ� SDFLHQWHV� FRQ�DQWHJRQLR�OODQR�IXH�GH����������6' �����\�HQ�SDFLHQ�WHV�FRQ�DQWHJRQLR�SURIXQGR�IXH�GH����������6' �����VLHQGR�HVWDV�HVWDGtVWLFDPHQWH�VLJQLÀFDWLYDV�GLIHUHQWHV�D�S��������7DEOD�,9(O�VLVWHPD�GH�GLJLWDOL]DFLyQ�GH�LPiJHQHV�HV�DOWDPHQWH�YiOLGR� FRQ�XQ�&RHÀFLHQWH� GH�&RUUHODFLyQ� ,QWUDFODVH�LJXDO�D���D�S������

352&(62� '(� (6&$/$'2�$� 7$0$f2� 5($/� <�&255(&&,Ð1�'(�',67256,Ð1�)272*5É),&$

),*85$���

$&27$'2�'(�/$6�9$5,$%/(6

),*85$���

Page 4: CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EN LA PRACTICA PRIVADA

��

7$%/$�,�(67$',67,&$�'(6&5,37,9$�'(�/$6�9$5,$%/(6�

�9$5,$%/(6� Q� 0HGLD� 'HVY�6WDQG��

'LYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO� ��� ������ �����

3URI��$QWHJRQLR� ��� ���� �����

ÈUHD�$QWHJRQLR� ��� ������ ������

3URI��(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD� ��� ����� �����

ÈUHD�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD� ��� ����� ������

ÈQJXOR�JRQLDO� ��� ������� �����

7$%/$�,,�0$75,=�'(�&255(/$&,21(6�

�� $QJXOR�

JRQLDO�3URI��GH�DQWHJRQLR�

ÈUHD�GH�DQWHJRQLR�

3URI�GH�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�

ÈUHD�GH�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�

'LYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�

������ ������ ������ ������� �������

6LJ���ELODWHUDO�� ������ ������ ������ ������ ���������������

7$%/$�,,,�3UHGLFWLELOLGDG�GHO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�

HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�UHVSHFWR�GH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�0RGHOR� 5� 5�FXDGUDGR� 5�FXDGUDGR�

DMXVWDGR�(UURU�HVWiQGDU�GH�HVWLPDFLyQ�

�$QJXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�

������ ������ ������ �����

���������

7$%/$�,�(67$',67,&$�'(6&5,37,9$�'(�/$6�9$5,$%/(6�

�9$5,$%/(6� Q� 0HGLD� 'HVY�6WDQG��

'LYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO� ��� ������ �����

3URI��$QWHJRQLR� ��� ���� �����

ÈUHD�$QWHJRQLR� ��� ������ ������

3URI��(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD� ��� ����� �����

ÈUHD�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD� ��� ����� ������

ÈQJXOR�JRQLDO� ��� ������� �����

7$%/$�,,�0$75,=�'(�&255(/$&,21(6�

�� $QJXOR�

JRQLDO�3URI��GH�DQWHJRQLR�

ÈUHD�GH�DQWHJRQLR�

3URI�GH�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�

ÈUHD�GH�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�

'LYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�

������ ������ ������ ������� �������

6LJ���ELODWHUDO�� ������ ������ ������ ������ ���������������

7$%/$�,,,�3UHGLFWLELOLGDG�GHO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�

HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�UHVSHFWR�GH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�0RGHOR� 5� 5�FXDGUDGR� 5�FXDGUDGR�

DMXVWDGR�(UURU�HVWiQGDU�GH�HVWLPDFLyQ�

�$QJXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�

������ ������ ������ �����

���������

7$%/$�,�(67$',67,&$�'(6&5,37,9$�'(�/$6�9$5,$%/(6�

�9$5,$%/(6� Q� 0HGLD� 'HVY�6WDQG��

'LYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO� ��� ������ �����

3URI��$QWHJRQLR� ��� ���� �����

ÈUHD�$QWHJRQLR� ��� ������ ������

3URI��(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD� ��� ����� �����

ÈUHD�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD� ��� ����� ������

ÈQJXOR�JRQLDO� ��� ������� �����

7$%/$�,,�0$75,=�'(�&255(/$&,21(6�

�� $QJXOR�

JRQLDO�3URI��GH�DQWHJRQLR�

ÈUHD�GH�DQWHJRQLR�

3URI�GH�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�

ÈUHD�GH�(VFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�

'LYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�

������ ������ ������ ������� �������

6LJ���ELODWHUDO�� ������ ������ ������ ������ ���������������

7$%/$�,,,�3UHGLFWLELOLGDG�GHO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�

HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�UHVSHFWR�GH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�0RGHOR� 5� 5�FXDGUDGR� 5�FXDGUDGR�

DMXVWDGR�(UURU�HVWiQGDU�GH�HVWLPDFLyQ�

�$QJXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�

������ ������ ������ �����

���������

7$%/$�,9�&RPSDUDFLyQ�GH�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HQ�SDFLHQWHV�FRQ�DQWHJRQLR�SURIXQGR�\�OODQR�� &OXVWHU�GH�

DQWHJRQLR�Q� 0HGLD� 'HVY�WLS� W� 6LJ�ELODWHUDO��

'LYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�

$QWHJRQLR�OODQR�

��� ������ ����� ������� ������

� $QWHJRQLR�SURIXQGR�

��� ������ ����� ������� ������

� � � � ��

Page 5: CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EN LA PRACTICA PRIVADA

��

',6&86,Ð16H�DQDOL]y�OD�PRUIRORJtD�PDQGLEXODU��D�WUDYpV�GH�PH�GLFLyQ�GHO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO��SURIXQGLGDG�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�\�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�PDQGLEXODU��iUHD�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�\�iUHD�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�PDQGLEXODU�� FRUUHODFLRQDQGR� GLFKDV�PHGLGDV� FRQ� OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��UHSUHVHQWDGR�SRU�HO�iQJXOR�16*R�3ODQ7DJ�0DQG��(QFRQWUiQGRVH�TXH�HO�YDORU�SURPHGLR�GH�OD�PXHVWUD�GH�iQJXOR�JRQLDO�IXH�GH���������PLHQ�WUDV�TXH� HQ� OD�PXHVWUD�GH� -DUDEDN��� WXYR�XQD�PHGLD�GH� ����� SUREDEOHPHQWH� GHELGR� D� TXH� ORV� VXMHWRV� GH�HVWXGLR�WHQtDQ�QRUPRFOXVLyQ�\�HO�REMHWLYR�GHO�WUDEDMR�HUD�FRQVWUXLU�XQ�SDWUyQ�FHIDORPpWULFR�

6FKXG\��HQFRQWUy�XQD�FRUUHODFLyQ�HQWUH�OD�GLYHUJHQ�FLD�IDFLDO�\�HO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO�GH�U ������YDORU�VLPLODU�DO�HQFRQWUDGR�SRU�QRVRWURV��GH�XQ�U ������TXH�VRQ�ODV�YDULDEOHV� TXH� HQ� QXHVWUD� SHVTXLVD� � WXYLHURQ� PD\RU�IXHU]D� GH� FRUUHODFLyQ�� -DUDEDN��� DO� FRUUHODFLRQDU� HO�iQJXOR�JRQLDO�FRQ�OD�UD]yQ�GH�DOWXUD�IDFLDO�SRVWHULRU�\�OD�DOWXUD�IDFLDO�DQWHULRU�HQFRQWUy�XQ�U �������HVWD�UHOD�FLyQ�HV�QHJDWLYD�GDGR�TXH�OD�PHGLGD�TXH�UHSUHVHQWD�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HV�OD�DOWXUD�IDFLDO�DQWHULRU�\�HVWD�VH�HQFXHQWUD�HQ�HO�GHQRPLQDGRU�GH�OD�SURSRUFLyQ�XVDGD�SRU�-DUDEDN�

=KDQJ�\�FROV���HO������HQ�&KLQD�FRPSDUDURQ�DOJXQDV�FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV�FUDQHRIDFLDOHV�GH����SDFLHQWHV�QR�WUD�WDGRV�&ODVH�,,�\�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�SURIXQGD�FRQ����SDFLHQWHV�QR�WUDWDGRV�&ODVH�,,�\�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWH�JRQLDO� OODQD��1R�HQFRQWUDURQ�GLIHUHQFLDV� UHVSHFWR�DO�$1%��SHUR� HQ� ORV� SDFLHQWHV� FRQ� HVFRWDGXUD�SURIXQ�GD�ODV�PDQGtEXODV�SUHVHQWDEDQ�FXHUSRV�PDQGLEXODUHV�FRUWRV�� XQ� SODQR�PDQGLEXODU� DXPHQWDGR�� XQD� DOWXUD�IDFLDO�DQWHURLQIHULRU�DXPHQWDGD��XQ� WDPDxR�GH� UDPD�PHQRU�\�XQ�PD\RU�iQJXOR�JRQLDO��/DV�PHGLGDV�YHUWL�FDOHV�HQ�SDFLHQWHV�FRQ�HVFRWDGXUDV�DQWHJRQLDOHV�SUR�IXQGDV�DSDUHFHQ�DXPHQWDGDV��SHUR�QR�WLHQHQ�XQD�LP�SOLFDQFLD� UHVSHFWR�D� OD�GLVFUHSDQFLD�KRUL]RQWDO�HQWUH�ORV�PD[LODUHV�� FRQFRUGDQGR� FRQ� QXHVWURV� UHVXOWDGRV��GRQGH�QXHVWUDV�PHGLGD�GH�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HVWi�DX�PHQWDGR�HQ�SDFLHQWHV�FRQ�DQWHJRQLR�SURIXQGR���������IUHQWH�D�ORV��������GH�ORV�TXH�WLHQHQ�DQWHJRQLR�OODQR��OR�TXH�WDPELpQ�FRQFXHUGD�FRQ�OR�HQFRQWUDGR�SRU�:X�\�=KDQJ���HO������HQ�&KLQD�GRQGH�DO�HYDOXDU�HO�JUDGR�GH� FRUUHODFLyQ�HQWUH� OD�PRUIRORJtD� FUDQHRIDFLDO�\� OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH� OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�PDQGLEXODU�HQ� ��� SDFLHQWHV� ���� FRQ� XQD� HVFRWDGXUD� DQWHJRQLDO�OODQD�\����FRQ�XQD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�SURIXQGD���(QFRQWUDURQ� TXH� ODV� PHGLFLRQHV� DQJXODUHV� GH� 61��

*R*Q��6��$U*R��)+��*R0H��\�$16��;L���3P�IXHURQ�VLJQLÀFDWLYDPHQWH�PD\RUHV�HQ�HO�JUXSR�FRQ�HVFRWDGX�UD�DQWHJRQLDO�SURIXQGD�$�VLPLODUHV�FRQFOXVLRQHV�OOHJy�/DPEUHFKWV�\�FROV���HQ�������HQ�6XGiIULFD�GRQGH�DO�HYDOXDU����VXMHWRV�����FRQ�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�SURIXQGD�\����FRQ�HVFRWDGXUDV�DQWHJRQLDO�OODQD���/RV�VXMHWRV�FRQ�PXHVFDV�SRFR�SUR�IXQGDV�GHPRVWUDURQ�PiV�FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV�PRUIROyJLFDV�DVRFLDGDV�FRQ�SDWURQHV�GH�FUHFLPLHQWR�KRUL]RQWDO�GH�OD�PDQGtEXOD�TXH�ORV�VXMHWRV�FRQ�HVFRWDGXUDV�DQWHJR�QLDOHV�SURIXQGDV��\�VXV�PDQGtEXODV�HVWDEDQ�VLWXDGRV�PiV�SURWUXVLYDPHQWH%D\GDü�\� FROV��� HO� ������ HQ�7XUTXtD�� UHDOL]DURQ�XQD�LQYHVWLJDFLyQ� TXH� EXVFDED� HVWDEOHFHU� GLIHUHQFLDV� HQ�OD�PRUIRORJtD�PD[LODU�\�PDQGLEXODU�HQ�JUXSRV�GH�GL�IHUHQWH�JUDGR�GH�UHVDOWH�GHQWDULR��8VDURQ�XQD�PXHVWUD�GH�����UDGLRJUDItDV�ODWHUDOHV�GH�FUiQHR�GH�VXMHWRV�HQ�WUH����D����DxRV������QLxRV�\����QLxDV���(QFRQWUDQGR�GLIHUHQFLDV� VLJQLÀFDWLYDV� HQ� HO� DQFKR�GH� UDPD�PDQ�GLEXODU�� ORQJLWXG� HIHFWLYD�PDQGLEXODU� \� ORQJLWXG� GH�FXHUSR�PDQGLEXODU��1R�HQFRQWUDURQ�GLIHUHQFLDV�HQWUH�OD�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�\�GH�iQJX�OR�JRQLDO�HQWUH�YDURQHV�\�PXMHUHV�

6DOHP�\�FROV���HO�������UHDOL]DURQ�XQD�LQYHVWLJDFLyQ��FRQ�HO�SURSyVLWR�GH�GHWHUPLQDU�VL�GHWHUPLQDGRV�UDVJRV�PpWULFRV�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�HVWiQ�DVRFLDGRV�FRQ�GHWHUPLQDGRV�SDWURQHV�GH�FUHFLPLHQWR�GH�OD�PDQ�GtEXOD�\�FRQ�OD�FXUYD�GH�6SHH��8VDURQ����UDGLRJUDItDV�ODWHUDOHV�FHIDORPpWULFDV�GH�SDFLHQWHV�VHOHFFLRQDGRV�DO�D]DU��QR�WUDWDGRV��PXHVWUD�SDUHFLGD�D�OD�QXHVWUD�HQ�Q~�PHUR�\�HQ�ORV�FULWHULRV�GH�VHOHFFLyQ��HQ�ORV�FXDOHV�VH�PLGLy�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�\�DOJXQDV�PHGLGDV�VD�JLWDOHV�\�OD�FXUYD�GH�6SHH�HQ�PRGHORV�GH�HVWXGLR��(Q�FRQWUDURQ�XQD�FRUUHODFLyQ�SRVLWLYD�HQWUH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�\�OD�DOWXUD�IDFLDO�DQWHURLQIHULRU��U� ��������3������������XQD�FRUUHODFLyQ�QHJDWLYD�HQWUH�HO�iUHD�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�\�OD�ORQJLWXG�GHO�FXHUSR�PDQGL�EXODU��U� �������S����������\�UHODFLyQ�QHJDWLYD�HQWUH�OD�FXUYD�GH�6SHH�\�HO�iUHD�GH�OD�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO��U� ���������3�����������/RV�UHVXOWDGRV�LQGLFDQ�TXH�XQD�PD\RU�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�HVWi�DVRFLDGR�D�XQD�WHQ�GHQFLD�GH� FUHFLPLHQWR�YHUWLFDO�PDQGLEXODU�� QXHVWURV�UDWLRV�GH�FRUUHODFLyQ�VRQ�PXFKR�PHQRUHV�TXH�ORV�GH�6DOHP��SHUR�FRQFRUGDPRV�HQ�TXH�HO�iUHD�GH�OD�HVFR�WDGXUD�GH�UDPD�PDQGLEXODU�WLHQH�FRUUHODFLyQ�LQYHUVD�FRQ�ODV�PHGLGDV�YHUWLFDOHV�

$O� UHDOL]DU� XQ� DQiOLVLV� GH� UHJUHVLyQ� WHQLHQGR� FRPR�YDULDEOHV� SUHGLFWRUDV� DO� iQJXOR� JRQLDO�� SURIXQGLGDG�

Page 6: CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LA MORFOLOGÍA EXTERNA MANDIBULAR Y LA DIVERGENCIA FACIAL EN PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EN LA PRACTICA PRIVADA

��

GH�DQWHJRQLR�\�DO�SURIXQGLGDG�GH�HVFRWDGXUD�GH�UDPD�SXHGHQ�H[SOLFDU�HO�������GH�OD�YDULDELOLGDG�GH�OD�YD�ULDEOH�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��OR�TXH�LQGLFDUtD�TXH�H[LVWHQ�RWURV�HOHPHQWRV�TXH�WDPELpQ�LQWHUYLHQHQ�VREUH�OD�DSD�ULHQFLD� IHQRWtSLFD�TXH�SUHVHQWD�XQ� LQGLYLGXR�� HV�SRU�HOOR�TXH�%MRUN�\�6NLHOOHU���HQFRQWUDURQ�PD\RU�FDSD�FLGDG�SUHGLFWLYD�DO�FRQVLGHUDU�DOJXQRV�HOHPHQWRV�SUH�GLFWLYRV�PiV�OOHJDQGR�D�H[SOLFDU�KDVWD�XQ�����GH�OD�YDULDELOLGDG�GH�OD�URWDFLyQ�PDQGLEXODU�(Q�HVWH�WUDEDMR�\�HQ�DOJXQRV�GH�HVWD�OtQHD�GH�LQYHVWL�JDFLyQ�VH�DÀUPD�TXH�FXDOLWDWLYDPHQWH�ODV�PDQGtEXODV�GH�VXMHWRV�TXH�SRVHHQ�HVFRWDGXUDV�DQWHJRQLDOHV�SUR�IXQGDV� SUHVHQWDQ�PHGLGDV� GH� GLYHUJHQFLD� IDFLDO� DX�PHQWDGDV�

&21&/86,21(6��(Q�OD�PXHVWUD�HVWXGLDGD�OD�PRUIRORJtD�H[WHUQD�PDQGL�EXODU�H[SOLFD�OHYHPHQWH�OD�YDULDELOLGDG�GHO�SDWUyQ�GH�GLYHUJHQFLD� IDFLDO�GH� ODV�SHUVRQDV��(O�iQJXOR�JRQLDO�HV� OD�YDULDEOH�TXH�HVWD�FRUUHODFLRQDGD�D�XQ�QLYHO�GH�VLJQLÀFDQFLD�HVWDGtVWLFD�FRQ�OD�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��/D�FDQWLGDG�GH�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO�HV�PD\RU�HQ�SHUVRQDV�FRQ�HVFRWDGXUD�DQWHJRQLDO�SURIXQGD�\�HVWD�~OWLPD�SR�GUtD�VHU�XVDGR�FRPR�XQ�LQGLFDGRU�FOtQLFR�GH�DQiOLVLV�GH�GLYHUJHQFLD�IDFLDO��(O�VLVWHPD�GH�GLJLWDOL]DFLyQ�GH�LPiJHQHV�SURSXHVWR�HV�DOWDPHQWH�FRQÀDEOH�

5()(5(1&,$6�%,%/,2*5É),&$6���:DQJ�0.��%XVFKDQJ�3+��%HKUHQWV�5��0DQGLEXODU� URWDWLRQ�DQG�UHPRGHOLQJ�FKDQJHV�GXULQJ�HDUO\�FKLOGKRRG��$QJOH�2UWKRG������������������������2HWWOp�$&��3UHWRULXV�(��6WH\LQ�0��*HRPHWULF�PRUSKRPHWULF�DQDO\VLV� RI� PDQGLEXODU� UDPXV� ÁH[XUH��$P� -� 3K\V�$QWKURSRO�������������²�������5RVDV�$��%DVWLU�0��7KLQ�SODWH� VSOLQH� DQDO\VLV� RI� DOORPHWU\�DQG�VH[XDO�GLPRUSKLVP�LQ�WKH�KXPDQ�FUDQLRIDFLDO�FRPSOH[�$P�-�3K\V�$QWKURSRO���������������²�������3URIÀW�:5��2UWRGRQFLD�FRQWHPSRUiQHD���WD��(G��(VSDxD��(O�VHYLHU������������������� *UDEHU� 70�� 6ZDLQ� %)�� 2UWRGRQFLD�� SULQFLSLRV� JHQHUDOHV� \�WpFQLFDV��$UJHQWLQD��(G��0pGLFD�3DQDPHULFDQD�6$��������� 6FKXG\� ))�� 7KH� URWDWLRQ� RI� WKH� PDQGLEOH� UHVXOWLQJ� IURP�JURZWK��,WV�LPSOLFDWLRQV�LQ�RUWKRGRQWLF�WUHDWPHQW��7KH�$QJOH�2U�WKRGRQWLVW�����������������������6FKXG\�))��9HUWLFDO�JURZWK�YHUVXV�DQWHURSRVWHULRU�JURZWK�DV�UHODWHG�WR�IXQFWLRQ�DQG�WUHDWPHQW��7KH�$QJOH�2UWKRGRQWLVW�����������������������(QORZ�'+��0DQXDO�VREUH�FUHFLPLHQWR�IDFLDO���UD�HG��$UJHQWL�QD��(G��,QWHUPpGLFD���������0F1DPDUD�-$��7UDWDPLHQWR�RUWRGyQFLFR�\�RUWRSpGLFR�HQ� OD�GHQWLFLyQ�PL[WD���UD�HG��(VWDGRV�8QLGRV��1HHGKDP�3UHVV���������%MRUN�$��7KH�QDWXUH�RI�IDFLDO�SURJQDWKLVP�DQG�LWV�UHODWLRQ�WR�QRUPDO�RFFOXVLRQ�RI� WKH� WHHWK��$PHULFDQ�-RXUQDO�RI�2UWKRGRQ�WLFV����������������������

����7HVWXW�/��/DWDUMHW�5��&RPSHQGLR� GH� DQDWRPtD� GHVFULSWLYD��(VSDxD��(G�0DVVRQ���������%D\GDü�%��<DYX]�,��'DùVX\X�,0��%|O�NEDüL�%��&H\ODQ�,��$Q�LQYHVWLJDWLRQ�RI�PD[LOODU\�DQG�PDQGLEXODU�PRUSKRORJ\�LQ�GLIIH�UHQW�RYHUMHW�JURXSV��$XVW�2UWKRG�-����������������������&KXQJ�&+��0RQJLRYL�9'��&UDQLRIDFLDO�JURZWK� LQ�XQWUHD�WHG�VNHOHWDO�&ODVV�,�VXEMHFWV�ZLWK�ORZ��DYHUDJH��DQG�KLJK�03�61�DQJOHV��D�ORQJLWXGLQDO�VWXG\��$P�-�2UWKRG�'HQWRIDFLDO�2UWKRS�����������������������6DOHP�2+��$O�6HKDLEDQ\�)��3UHVWRQ�&%��$VSHFWV�RI�PDQGL�EXODU�PRUSKRORJ\��ZLWK�VSHFLÀF�UHIHUHQFH�WR�WKH�DQWHJRQLDO�QRWFK�DQG�WKH�FXUYH�RI�6SHH��-�&OLQ�3HGLDWU�'HQW�����������������������5LFNHWWV�50��$�SULQFLSOH�RI�DUFLDO�JURZWK�RI�PDQGLEOH��$Q�JOH�2UWKRG������������������������0LWFKHOO�'/�� -RUGDQ� -)��5LFNHWWV�50��$UFLDO�JURZWK�ZLWK�PHWDOOLF� LPSODQWV� LQ�PDQGLEXODU� JURZWK� SUHGLFWLRQ��$P� -�2U�WKRG�������������������������6NLHOOHU�9��%M|UN�$��/LQGH� �+DQVHQ�7��3UHGLFWLRQ�RI�PDQ�GLEXODU� JURZWK� URWDWLRQ� HYDOXDWHG� IURP� D� ORQJLWXGLQDO� LPSODQW�VDPSOH��$P�-�2UWKRG������������������������6LULZDW�33��-DUDEDN�-5��0DORFFOXVLRQ�DQG�)DFLDO�0RUSKR�ORJ\�,V�WKHUH�D�5HODWLRQVKLS"��7KH�$QJOH�2UWKRGRQWLVW���������������������������=KDQJ�0��=KDR�4��&KHQ�<;��'LPHQVLRQDO� GLIIHUHQFHV� LQ�FUDQLRIDFLDO� PRUSKRORJLHV� RI� SUHSXEHVFHQFH� &ODVV� ,,� SDWLHQWV�ZLWK�GHHS�DQG�VKDOORZ�PDQGLEXODU�DQWHJRQLDO�QRWFKLQJ��+XD�;L�.RX�4LDQJ�<L�;XH�=D�=KL����������������������� :X� -<�� =KDQJ� 0�� $� FRPSDUDWLYH� VWXG\� RI� FUDQLRIDFLDO�PRUSKRORJLF� GLIIHUHQFHV� EHWZHHQ� JURXSV� ZLWK� VKDOORZ� DQG�GHHS� DQWHJRQLDO� QRWFK� GHSWK�� 6KDQJKDL� .RX� 4LDQJ� <L� ;XH������������������������/DPEUHFKWV�$+��+DUULV�$0��5RVVRXZ�3(��6WDQGHU�,��'LPHQ�VLRQDO� GLIIHUHQFHV� LQ� WKH� FUDQLRIDFLDO� PRUSKRORJLHV� RI� JURXSV�ZLWK�GHHS�DQG�VKDOORZ�PDQGLEXODU�DQWHJRQLDO�QRWFKLQJ��$QJOH�2UWKRG�������������������������.RORG]LHM�53��6RXWKDUG�7(��6RXWKDUG�.$��&DVNR�-6��-DNRE�VHQ�-5��(YDOXDWLRQ�RI�DQWHJRQLDO�QRWFK�GHSWK�IRU�JURZWK�SUHGLF�WLRQ��$P�-�2UWKRG�'HQWRIDFLDO�2UWKRS���������������������������6LQJHU�&3��0DPDQGUDV�$+��+XQWHU�:6�7KH�GHSWK�RI�WKH�PDQ�GLEXODU�DQWHJRQLDO�QRWFK�DV�DQ� LQGLFDWRU�RI�PDQGLEXODU�JURZWK�SRWHQWLDO��$P�-�2UWKRG�'HQWRIDFLDO�2UWKRS���������������������