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8- EIMH\BUUI DL\DEI JB BUZRJIU GN\DEGMIU v8- EIMH\BUI JB BUZRJDIU GN\DEGMIU v8Z@ EIMH\BUU IN GN\DEGM UZRJDBUFDULIG $& wrb ub|g jbefg|gjg s|i~dmedg busgifg bm 7420& ub

n|ghr rmg |bfgedm kre`i ku dmzbmug& wrb bm bf egksi jb fg erfzr|g ffb~ g fg gsg|dedm jbzbpziu jb ziji zdsi& |bfgzd~iu g jdnb|bmzbu egksiu jbf uglb|? gmz|isifihg& buzrjdiu zemdeiu&

`duzi|dg& z|gjreedm& fdzb|gzr|g& bze-& bue|dziu bm fg fbmhrg jb Eb|~gmzbu-

Bffi `g jgji frhg| g rm zdsi jb mbifdzb|gzr|g wrb gfhrmiu buzrjdiuiu egzgfihgm eiki jb

fdzb|gzr|g `dgsgmikgh|bl bm fgu imgu jb Kg||rbeiu& Zmb& G|hbfdg t bmz|b fiu

ug`g|grdu& wrb gerkrfg gezrgfkbmzb ku jb 733 fdl|iu jb e|bgedm ~b|zdjiu jd|bezgkbmzb gf

eguzbffgmi-

Kgh|bl& @dusgmikgh|bl& Busgg-

Dmjbsbmjdbmzb-

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2/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu

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3/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl5kg||iwr bm uru |bfgedimbu jdsfikzdegu1 udbks|b fi `g udji eiki fg fbmhrg eiuzb|g (fg

jb fg sbueg si| bobksfi$& t mgzr|gfkbmzb eiki bf djdikg jb fg dmzb|~bmedm eifimdgf

busgifg jb fiu udhfiu PDP t PP-2 Fg sizbmedgedm jb fg fbmhrg eguzbffgmg wrb ub

s|ijroi bm fg img jbf \dn& Tblgfg mi|zb t Zg|ngtg (Ug`g|g$> eim kizd~i jbf

S|izbezi|gji busgif (747$ bu rm bfbkbmzi nrmjgkbmzgf g fg `i|g jb bmzbmjb|fg befiudm jbf eguzbffgmi eiki fbmhrg jb e|bgedm bm fg img- Jb buzg sieg jbf

S|izbezi|gji busgif bm Kg||rbeiu mgebm fiu bfbkbmziu ku dksi|zgmzbu sg|g bf

mgedkdbmzi t nfi|bedkdbmzi jb fg fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl- Si| bf eimz|g|di |burfzg& udm

bklg|hi& lguzgmzb udhmdndegzd~i bf `be`i jb wrb g sbug| jb fg dmzbmug |bfgedm `duz|deg

bpduzbmzb bmz|b Busgg t G|hbfdg& buzb nbmkbmi fdzb|g|di mi ub s|ijreb eim zgmzg

nrb|g bm buzg img& g bpebsedm jb fgu srlfdegedimbu bm kbjdiu sb|dijuzdeiu jb

bps|budm bm busgif-8 Bm Zmb fg s|bubmedg jb fi `dusgmi ub fdkdzg g dmer|udimbu jb

eg|ezb| kdfdzg| g ndm jb eimz|ifg| fgu sfggu eiuzb|gu t fiu s|dmedsgfbu geebuiu jbf

Kbjdzb||mbi-0

Ngubu jbf jbug||iffi jb fg fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl bm Kg||rbeiu

7- Ngub jb fiu giu :3 t 23? @guzg fg sgedndegedm jbf zb||dzi|di& si| sg|zb jbf

S|izbezi|gji (bm bf gi 74-8Bm bf egui jb G|hbfdg fgu |bfgedimbu `duz|degu jb gkliu sgubu ub eime|bzgm s|dkb|i bm fg ffbhgjg&

jbujb zdb||gu `dusgmgu& jb ifbgjgu jb ki|dueiu t orjiu& bmz|b fiu udhfiu PDDD `guzg bf P^D& t bm ubhrmjifrhg| bm fgu dmer|udimbu jb eg|ezb| lfdei& gu eiki bm fg s|bubmedg jb busgifbu jbf ur|buzb sbmdmurfg|t jb Lgfbg|bu jr|gmzb fg sieg jb fg eifimdgedm n|gmebug (7053+74>$ jb 7>3-333 busgifbu i jb i|dhbm busgif& nrmjgkbmzgfkbmzb& bm fg s|i~dmedgjb I|m& eim~b|zdji bmzimebu bm rm ~b|jgjb|i nbrji `dusgmi& jbmikdmgji si| fiu n|gmebubu fg sbwrbgBusgg- Bm 7477& fg s|i~dmedg jb I|m eimzglg eim 4

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4/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu :eiki bmugtduzgu& udbks|b bm eguzbffgmi-

Fg |b~duzg gf+Kizgkdj (Fg|ge`b& 74:8& Z|dmg Kb|egjb|$ t Abzgkg (Zbzrm&

Ogedmzi Fsb Hi|h$ t bf Jdg|di Kg||rbeiu jb Zbzrgm (74:3 `guzg ndmgfbu jb fiu 03? Bm buzb sb|diji zikg rmg h|gm

dksi|zgmedg bf s|iebui bjregzd~i rmd~b|udzg|di& jimjb jbuzgegjiu s|inbui|bu t

kdbkl|iu jb fiu buzgkbmziu jiebmzbu eimz|dlrtbm jb ni|kg jbedjdjg g fg

eimni|kgedm jb rmg mrb~g hbmb|gedm& eim rmg gfzg ergfdndegedm ni|kgzd~g& ku

dmuz|rdjg t ni|kgjg h|gedgu g fg siudldfdjgj jb geebjb| g rmg ku gksfdg t kboi|

dmni|kgedm& gu eiki g fg gebfb|gedm jb fiu s|iebuiu jb dmzb|egkldi erfzr|gf- Ub

4Orgm Hitzduifi& S|fihi bm Ki`gkbj E`gai|& Gs|ipdkgedm gf urnduki& Bjdz- Efgki& Gfdegmzb 7445?Z|gu fg sg|zdjg jb ur gjkdmduz|gedm eifimdgf& Kgj|dj ub `g jbudmzb|bugji jb fgu |bfgedimbu erfzr|gfbu eimbuziu sgubu t jb fg urb|zb jb ebmzbmg|bu jb kdfbu jb `dusgmi`glfgmzbu wrb& eiki fiu ubng|jbu jb fgjdusi|g& `gm kgmzbmdji rmg eimki~bji|g ndjbfdjgj g mrbuz|g fbmhrg-

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5/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl2dmei|si|gm mrb~iu mikl|bu eiki Gdg Lbmgmd& Ki`gkbj Lirduubn \bagl& Gljbffg`

Joldfir& Ugdj Objdjd& Ngjbf Gf Ge`+@gl& Ki`gkbj Udlg|d& G`kbj Ugld|& @iuubdm

Lirdmbl i Kruzgn Gjdfg& bmz|b iz|iu& wrb eim jdnb|bmzb urb|zb eifgli|g|m gf

bm|dwrbedkdbmzi jbf `dusgmduki t jb fg e|bgedm bm busgif bm Kg||rbeiu-

Bf ursfbkbmzi jb FIsdmdim (\glgz$ bm eguzbffgmi t Kg||rbeiu (bm Zmhb|&748>+7488$ ub|~d|m jb sfgzgni|kg& ormzi g fgu bjdedimbu z|dfdmhbu jb Fb Oir|mgf jb

Zgmhb| t Fg Jse`b jb Zgmhb|& s|isi|edimgmji rmg mrb~g isi|zrmdjgj sg|g wrb

grzi|bu o~bmbu srjdbubm jg| g eimieb| uru e|bgedimbu? Mgjdg Lirgg& Fgdfg

Lbfh`gfd& Ogfdf Z|dlga& Kirndj Gzdkir i E`ira|d Bf Lga|d ub|m gfhrmiu jb buiu

bue|dzi|bu wrb ub ~gm dmei|si|gmji g fg mkdmg jb grzi|bu bm fbmhrg eguzbffgmg- Bm

buzb sb|diji fgu bjdedimbu sb|dijuzdegu t uru shdmgu fdzb|g|dgu ursimj|m rmg

dks|buedmjdlfb sfgzgni|kg jb nbermjdjgj e|bgzd~g& jimjb fg mkdmg jb bue|dzi|bu ub

gksfdg eim o~bmbu (`dusgmduzgu i mi$ ffbmiu jb dfrudm si| fg e|bgedm fdzb|g|dg bm

busgif? Gljbfkgfda Kr`gkkgj& Kgfdag Bklg|ba Fsb& Gljbfxg`dj Ugfbk&

Irkgkg Girgj& @iruubdm Lirgfkgzb Ki`gkbj& Ugkd|g G- L|dhbe`& Ki`gkbj Bf

Ad`bf& Ki`gkbj Kgdkimd& G`kbj K- Khg|g& Gljb||g`kgm Bf Lgaagfd& Fg|ld Bf @g|zd&

Gfd Ki`gkbj Fgg|ld& Ogfdf Z|dlga& G`kbj Jgirjd i Ag|dkg @googo& ub|m gfhrmiu jb

bffiu-

:- Bf gi 740> ~g g ursimb| rm udhmdndegji srmzi jb dmnfbpdm bm bf

|beimiedkdbmzi jb fiu bue|dzi|bu kg||iwrbu bm busgif- Gljbffg` Joldfir

(|bedbmzbkbmzb ngffbedji$ srlfdeg| bm rmg eimudjb|gjg bjdzi|dgf jb Kgj|dj Jdxgm

kijb|mduzg- Rmg ~dudm jb I|dbmzb(740>$- G buzb fdl|i fb ubhrd|m (zgkldm bm Kgj|dj$

Zmhb| srb|zg jb n|deg- Gmzifihg jb zbpziu fdzb|g|diu `dusmdeiu (7404$ t Kd|gjgu

jbujb fg iz|g i|dffg- Rmg ~dudm jb Busgg (744$

jb Kiduu Hg|m Ub|ngzt (bjdzgjgu bm ^bmbrbfg& ur sgu jb geihdjg$& Zbzrm (740>$ jb Ki`gkbjE`gai|& Fg hrghrg(740>$ jb K- Zbkugkgmd& Z|sdei dmuikmb(7400$ t ^i jbf gfkg(7443$& mrb~gkbmzbjb Kiduu Hg|m Ub|ngzt& Bf jbusb|zg| jb fiu fbimbu (7443$ jb Gljbfagbj| Rg|dge`d t Fi wrb `b sdmzgjibm lfgmei--- g kbjdg fr(7443$ jb Ogfdf Z|dlga-

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6/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu >2- Fg dksi|zgmedg jb fg s|bmug? Bm 7443 gsg|beb bm Eguglfgmeg bf sb|djdei Fg

Kggmgbue|dzi mzbh|gkbmzb bm busgif (|bedbmzbkbmzb jbugsg|bedji$- Eim jdukdf

urb|zb fiu jdg|diu in|bedb|im uru shdmgu g e|bgji|bu t& eim ku i kbmiu sb|dijdedjgj&

`gm udji bf uisi|zb jb rmg fdzb|gzr|g wrb eg|beg jb egmgfbu bjdzi|dgfbu s|inbudimgfbu-

Gu jbujb fiu giu 43 `guzg mrbuz|iu jgu (grmwrb zijiu& ndmgfkbmzb& `gm geglgjisi| jbugsg|beb|$ fiu sb|djdeiu Bf mrb~i srbmzb& Bf srbmzb& Fg eimedbmedg& Egkldiu

- Jbujb fiu giu 43 t `guzg mrbuz|iu jgu& fiu e|bgji|bu kg||iwrbu bm

fbmhrg busgifg ~gm g bpsb|dkbmzg| rm nbmkbmi jb |bmgedkdbmzi jb fg fdzb|gzr|g

busgifg- Z|gu bf sibkg|di Fi wrb `b sdmzgji bm lfgmei g kbjdg fr(7443$ jb Ogfdf

Z|dlga& Bf jbusb|zg| jb fiu fbimbu(7443$ jb Gljbfagjb| Rg|dge`d& ^i jbf gfkg(7443$

t ^i jbfd|gmzb(7447$ jb Kiduu Hg|m Ub|ngzt t Fg ffg~b t iz|iu |bfgziu(744& G`kbj K- Khg|g$& Fg |iug jb Pgrbm(744>& Ki`gkbj Udlg|d$& Dmwrbl|gmzglfbu(744>& K- Lirduubn\bagl$& bze-

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7/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl8Ki`gkbj Fbk|dmd Bf Irg``gld& Kb|tbk Kgirfgdmdmb& J|duu Obl|irmd& @gkdj Bf

Irg||gj& A`gfdj \gduuirmd& G`kbj Uglb|& Ki`gkbj Bf Kbuug|d& Ki`gkbj Ugf`d& Gffgf

Bgdk i Irkgkg Girgj Fg`|be`& bmz|b iz|iu-

Udzrgedm jb buzg fdzb|gzr|g bm iz|gu imgu hbih|ndegu jbf Kgh|bl

Bm ergmzi g Zmb& `gt wrb dmjdeg| wrb bf `dusgmduki ub bmerbmz|g& bm buziu

kikbmziu& t jbusru jb rm bpebfbmzb z|glgoi jbug||iffgji jbujb fgu rmd~b|udjgjbu jb

fg Kgmirlg t jbf Dmuzdzrzi Ursb|di| jb Fbmhrgu jb Zmb& bm rm s|iebui jb kgjr|b t

ni|zgfbedkdbmzi bpebfbmzbu- Fiu z|glgoiu `guzg g`i|g srlfdegjiu si| Ki`gkbj Jihhrd&

Ki`gkbj Modl lbm Obkg& Kirmg Gldj& \dj`g Kgkd i A`bkgu Oirdmd& ursimbm rmg

h|gm isi|zrmdjgj sg|g fg busb|gmg- Bpduzb& dhrgfkbmzb& rmg bpzbmug mkdmg jb

dmzbfbezrgfbu t busbedgfduzgu jb jd~b|ugu kgzb|dgu& s|iebjbmzbu jb fgu dmuzdzredimbu

rmd~b|udzg|dgu edzgjgu gmzb|di|kbmzb& gu eiki jbf Dmuzdzrzi Ursb|di| jb Fbmhrgu

Gsfdegjgu jb Log t jbf Dmuzdzrzi Ursb|di| jb Edbmedgu @rkgmgu jb Zmb& wrb `gm

s|bubmzgji mrkb|iugu zbudu |bfgzd~gu g jdnb|bmzbu kgzb|dgu jb dm~buzdhgedm (zijgu

bffgu bue|dzgu bm eguzbffgmi$ gm dmjdzgu& bmz|b fiu wrb ub bmerbmz|gm grzi|bu eiki

Fbdfg Lira|gg& Gdjg lbm Gki|& Zgirnda Fdkgm& Kgtkirmg @ge`bj& @fg Hrbffir&

Kirmg Jirhg& Ki`gkbj Gfd lbm K|gj& Jbduubk H`gmbk i Kb`b| Hrbkdf& bmz|b

iz|iu- Eim |bfgedm g zbpziu e|bgzd~iu& `guzg bf kikbmzi& fiu jiu mdeiu fdl|iu wrb

gezrgfkbmzb bpduzbm srlfdegjiu jb i|dhbm zrmbedmi uim fiu ffb~gjiu g egli si|

Ki`gkbj Jihhrd& wrdbm ursimb eim ur sibkg|di Bmz|b Fb~gmzb t Simdbmzb(Kgj|dj&

$ t eim ur fdl|i jb |bfgziu Kgkgj t fiu ~b|liu busgifbu (

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8/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu 0Gfd& Frgfd Fb`ugm& Ki`gkbj Udjgzd G`kbj @gdlg& Fg|iud @gdjg|& Ugu Mg` Fg|iud&

Ngzkg Hgfdg& Ki`gkdjd Ngagf+fg& Gljb||g`kgm Lrjjg @gkgjd i Lglg Njbdj& bmz|b

iz|iu& wrb tg eikdbmgm g gerkrfg| rm mrkb|i dksi|zgmzb jb zbpziu dmjd~djrgfbu

bjdzgjiu? Bf hfili ~b|jb (7404$ i ^b|jb eiki fg n|gmog jb fg lgmjb|g (7442$ jb

Ki`gkbj Gfd Gfd Ugfbk& Fh|dkgu jb rm srblfi `b|dji(7440$ jb Ngzkg Hgfdg& ^i jbnrbhi(

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9/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl4~dzgfbu& g ur eizdjdgmdjgj& eil|gmji bf djdikg rugji rm ubmzdji kgh|bldgji& rmg

buzzdeg gjgszgjg g fg udmhrfg|djgj jb wrdbm bue|dlb& urobzi g fg ob|g|wrg kbmzgf jbf

grzi|& wrdbm kgmzdbmb rmg gezdzrj |busbezi gf krmji wrb fi |ijbg gei|jb g uru

s|isdgu dkhbmbu t siudedimbu uiedgfbu& jb kiji wrb bu f wrdbm `g jikdmgji bf

fbmhrgob sg|g geikijg|fi g ur bmzi|mi sb|uimgf& uiedgf& sudeifhdei t erfzr|gf1 rmgbue|dzr|g wrb& si| `dusmdeg& mi jbog jb ub| kg||iwr (i kgh|bl$& jb eimzbmdji |glb

i g|gldgji& gezrgf& dmwrdbzg& b dmefrui fdmhuzdegkbmzb jdgfezdeg7

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10/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu 73Bu si| zgmzi fg fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl rmg mbifdzb|gzr|g eim ubgu jb djbmzdjgj

wrb fg `gebm i|dhdmgf t jdnb|bmzb g fg fdzb|gzr|g busgifg sbmdmurfg|?

+ fg i|gfdzr|b r i|gfdzr|g dmeg|jdmgjg bm fiu zbpziu (i|gfdjgj fdzb|g|dg$

+ fg krudegfdjgj (jb~bmdjg jb fg dks|i~dugedm sizdeg bpduzbmzb bm jbzb|kdmgjgu

imgu t wrb ni|kgm sg|zb jb fg z|gjdedm i|gf$

+ bf eiuzrkl|duki zsdei jb fg img t fg deimih|gng buemdeg s|isdg jb fg |bhdm

bm jimjb ub jbug||iffgm fgu il|gu

+ fg ki|gfbog dmeg|jdmgjg bm fiu zbpziu (uil|b ziji mg||gzd~iu$ eiki bfbkbmzi

bjregzd~i

+ rmg mrb~g sdeg|bueg jbug||iffgjg bm kre`gu jb fgu il|gu

+ fg bpduzbmedg jb rm sb|uimgob efg~b bm fgu mg||gedimbu? fg ndhr|g jbf fiei ugldi

umzbudu jbf h|diz gn|degmi t jbf `gfgdwr jb Kg||rbeiu+ wrb bmfgg t sb|kdzb buzglfbeb|rmg |bfgedm dmz|buduzkdeg eim bf krmji `dusgmi? fg fier|g)ugldjr|g jbf Wrdoizb

eb|~gmzdmi7:

+ fg umzbudu i `dl|djgedm bmz|b fg sb|usbezd~g `dusgmg t fg zbkzdeg |glb

+ gf+Gmjgfru eiki sgz|dg sizdeg& eimebszrgfdgjg jb ni|kg gzbksi|gf t wrb

eimni|kg rm zb||dzi|di djfdei wrb sb|zbmbeb gf dkghdmg|di jb fiu bue|dzi|bu kgh|blbu

+ fg ubmurgfdjgj jb I|dbmzb

+ bf ubuhi kbjdzb||mbi

+ fg fdzb|gzr|g jb fg n|imzb|g+ rmg djbmzdjgj sb|uimgf (g ~bebu mgedimgf$& zmdeg t |gedgf jdnb|bmedgjg

+ rmg sizdeg jb nrb|zb eiks|ikdui uiedgf (eim fg kdh|gedm& eim fg egrug

sgfbuzdmg i bm eimz|g jb fg dm~gudimbu jb zb||dzi|diu |glbu si| sg|zb jb nrb|gu

dksb|dgfduzgu$

+ fg nrb|g jbf bfbkbmzi ubprgf (t jbf gki|$ bm gfhrmiu jb fiu zbpziu sizdeiu&

z|gzgjiu eim rmg busbedgf djbmzdjgj

+ rmg eg|gezb|uzdeg jbndmdzd~g sg|g sijb| `glfg| jb fdzb|gzr|g udmhrfg|? bf `be`i jb

fg gsi|zgedm jb rm ~ieglrfg|di wrb bm|dwrbeb| bf geb|~i busgif& rzdfdmjiubsgfgl|gu wrb |bjdkbmudimgm fiu zbpziu t bmz|bhgmji rmg zb|kdmifihg wrb& udm jrjg&

~g g ub|~d| sg|g wrb bf eguzbffgmi gfegmeb mrb~gu siudldfdjgjbu? e`dfglg& ngwrd`& iei&

`gkkgm& ki|gldzi& glfredimbu& lg|geg& ogfdng& eldfg& rkkg& zgtm& gfkrgem& gfngwr&

eru+eru& egj& kdmg|bzb& kgj|gug& kgfda& gfbtg& bze-

Krbuz|g jb ziji bffi fi bmeimz|gkiu bm bf udhrdbmzb zbpzi jb fg bue|dzi|g

kbfdffbmub& jb i|dhbm lb|blb|& Ag|dkg Zirngfd& bpz|gji jb ur |bfgzi (dmjdzi$ Bf |i

7: Ubfbmg Mildfb& Fg fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmi+kg|iwr- Rm kijbfi kbjdzb||mbi siui|dbmzgfduzg tsiuieedjbmzgfduzg& Rmd~b|udz jbf Ugfbmzi&

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11/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl77ubei& jimjb gsg|beb rm ~ieglrfg|di s|isdi wrb ogku ub bmeimz|g|g bm fg fdzb|gzr|g

busgifg sbmdmurfg|?

Rm egkdm ffbhglg sg|g jbueg|hg| fgu kzg|lgzt h|gmjbu gfki`gjimbu

eim ur zgsdeb|g li|jgjg eim `dfiu jb ubjg- Kbugu |bjimjgu t kbudzgugrpdfdg|bu jb kgjb|g zgffgjg- Rm busboi ji|gji t gfhrmiu ergj|iu eim

~b|uerfiu bm fbz|gu ji|gjgu-

Rmg mrlb jb e`dfglgu& hi||gu jb hgme`dffi& zg|lre`& lglre`gut lg|lgu

lfgmegu& nfgkbglg eb|eg jbf |i- Rm h|rsi jb `ikl|bu gerjg g fg ndbuzg&

eiki z|gjdedm& bm `imi| jb fg egug wrb Lbmgdug in|beg g fiu ngkdfdg|bu&

gkdhiu t ~bedmiu-

Eiedmb|gu gzg~dgjgu eim bmi|kbu jbfgmzgfbu s|bsg|glgm bf lgmwrbzb-

Uil|b fiu nihimbu rmgu kg|kdzgu bpghb|gjgu jbus|bmjgm bf ifi| g

ei|jb|i- Gfkbmj|gu n|dzgu& ed|rbfgu& fdkimbu t gebdzrmgu- Fg ndmg kgug jb

fg sguzbffgub s|bsg|glg& sg|g |bffbmg| jb kg|dueiu& eiki s|dkb| sfgzi- Bf

ifi| g egmbfg& kgmzbwrdffg t geg| hfgu sg|g bf erueru jrfeb eim

gfkbmj|gu- Bf siuz|b& `iogfj|b n|dzi eim e|bkg& mgzg t n|rziu ubeiu-

Lbmgdug freg rmg e`dfglg lfgmeg eim ug|gxgfbu- Rmg fr |bnrfhbmzb

|ijbglg ur s|bubmedg& t grmwrb `glg gjbfhggji kre`i t buzglg gfhi

jbukboi|gji& bub jg d||gjdglg rm jbuzbffi jduzdmzd~i- Fg nbfdedjgj fb

kgmglg si| fiu si|iu jb ur sdbf& rmg sdbf wrb gmzbu b~djbmedglg rmg

gkgmugjg nbfdedjgj- Fg uim|dug fb bmugme`glgfg eikdur|g jb fiu fgldiu tbp`dlgrmg jbmzgjr|g lfgmeg t ldbm erdjgjg-

+ t rm fg|hi bzezb|g wrb fb eimndb|bm g buzg mbifdzb|gzr|g jbf Kgh|bl rm ubffi

s|isdi& gf kg|hbm jb fg ei||dbmzb e|bgzd~g busgifg hbmb|gf-

Buzg fdzb|gzr|g (fg `dusgmikgh|bl$ bu& bm jbndmdzd~g& rmg fdzb|gzr|g kbmi|

kbuzdgjg& z|gmun|imzb|dg& udme|zdeg& bm|gdgjg bm bf kg|ei jb fg kbjdzb||gmbdjgj t

jb fg fdzb|gzr|g jb fiu krmjiu& `gldbmji e|bgji sb|uimgobu t udzrgedimbu wrb e|rgm fg

n|imzb|g& jdusrbuzg g jdgfihg| (udm mdmhrmg ni|kg jb urlgfzb|djgj$ eim fgu fdzb|gzr|gu jb

fgu iz|gu i|dffgu jbf Kg|b Miuz|rk t eim iz|gu bue|dzr|gu ku |bkizgu-

BF NRZR\I SIUDLFB

Bf nrzr|i siudlfb jb buzg mbifdzb|gzr|g busgifg bue|dzg bm bf Kgh|bl |gjdeg

(jbujb mrbuz|i srmzi jb ~duzg$ bm z|bu erbuzdimbu bubmedgfbu?

g$ Bm fg egsgedjgj grzezimg jb ub| ~b`erfi jb ur s|isdg i|dhdmgfdjgj t bm ursb|dedg sg|g uglb| bpsi|zg|ub g fg Sbmmurfg (b dmefrui g @dusgmigk|deg$- Bffi

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12/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu 7

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13/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl75jb egkldi i kboi|g uiedgf- Buzb `be`i bu ku nrb|zb ergmji `g bpduzdji rm s|iebui

dmjbsbmjbmzduzg eiki bu bf ~d~dji bm Kg||rbeiu (grmwrb bm buzb egui mi `g bpduzdji&

`guzg bf s|bubmzb& rmg fdzb|gzr|g jb bmn|bmzgkdbmzi gf eifimdgji| busgif$-

Bm fg fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl (nrmjgkbmzgfkbmzb bm fiu zbpziu mg||gzd~iu$

bpduzb rm nrb|zb eiks|ikdui uiedgf- Jb `be`i bu buzb rmi jb fiu |guhiunrmjgkbmzgfbu wrb fg sij|gm jbndmd|- Bf eiks|ikdui uiedgf mgeb si| gndmdjgj jbf

bue|dzi| eim ur |bgfdjgj uiedgf t eim bf jbubi jb egkldi& jb kboi|g- Bub eiks|ikdui

fb ffb~g g |b~bfg|ub bm uru zbpziu bm eimz|g jb fi buzglfbedji& gusd|gmji g

|b~ifredimg| ur |bgfdjgj- Buzb eiks|ikdui gsg|beb bm buziu grzi|bu& zgkldm&

jbldji gf egrjgf z|gjdedimgf |bedldji jb fg i|gfdzr|b (fg fdzb|gzr|g i|gf$& jimjb fgu

`duzi|dgu |bfgzgjgu& fiu erbmziu& siubbm rm eiksimbmzb ki|gfdgmzb& rmg nrmedm

bjregedimgf bubmedgf& udbmji buziu jd|dhdjiu gf slfdei eim fg efg|g dmzbmedm jb

s|itbezg| rm egkldi bm bf ei|gm jbf itbmzb& jizgmji gf erbmzi& g fg `duzi|dg wrb ub

jdeb& jb rmg nrb|g dksrfui|g jd|dhdjg `gedg bf egkldi-

Mi `gt ku wrb fbb| si| bobksfi bf |bfgzi Ki|gu Sduizbgjgu jb Ki`gkbj

Fge`d|d jb ur fdl|i Rmg zrkldzg bm Udjd Bklg|ba t iz|iu erbmziu ebrzbu (s-755$ i fg

kgti|g jb fiu zbpziu jb Udlg|d bm fiu wrb ub s|bubmzg rmg jbmrmedg eimzdmrgjg jb fg

udzrgedm uiedgf& jb fg jdue|dkdmgedm jb fg krob|& jb fgu ei||rsedimbu bfbezi|gfbu& jb

fiu kgz|dkimdiu sgezgjiu jb fgu imgu |r|gfbu& bze-& i bf erbmzi Fg zdeg jb rmg

krob| jb Fg|ld Bf+@g|zd (sgh- 25 bm Jbusru jb Zmhb|$ jimjb jbmrmedg fg

s|iuzdzredm mbebug|dg jb kre`gu krob|bu kg||iwrbu& jbmrmedg wrb ub `geb tg

eifiugf bm Gdpg& bf edbfi jb Sgmji|gjb Lirduubn \bagl i fg |blbfdm wrb ub s|ijreb

gmzb fgu jdnderfzgjbu jbf e`iwrb dmzb|uiedgf (g z|g~u jb |bfgziu jb sg|bogu kdpzgu$ krt

ldbm jbue|dzi si| Kig`kbj Gagfgt bm ur mi~bfg Bmz|b jiu krmjiui si| Ugdj Objdjd

bm H|dzi s|dkgf& eim zijg ur eg|hg jb jdnderfzgjbu uiedgfbu wrb bffi eimffb~g-

Bm fiu s|dkb|iu zbpziu& wrdu si| gudkdfgedm jb fg z|gjdedm& buzg s|itbeedm

uiedgf jb fg fdzb|gzr|g zdbmb rmg ndmgfdjgj ki|gfdgmzb& |bbjregji|g& t g sg|zd| jb g` jb

luwrbjg jb gfzb|mgzd~gu t jb siudedimgkdbmziu jb egkldi- Sb|i buzg jbmrmedg uiedgf(wrd si| s|rjbmedg i si| jbueimndgmg$ mi ub `geg jb ni|kg jd|bezg si| bf bue|dzi|-

Uim mrkb|iuiu fiu zbpziu bm fiu wrb gsg|beb fg ndhr|g jbf fiei ugldi- Buzb fiei ugldi

(wrb bmfgg eim bf krmji `dusgmi g z|g~u jbf fiei eb|~gmzdmi$ wrb& bm gfhrmiu eguiu&

zikg gsg|dbmedg jb `gfgdwr i erbmzgerbmziu& bps|bumjiub bm slfdei& ~d~b nrb|g jb

fg uiedbjgj si| ub| eimudjb|gji fiei t eim bffi zdbmb fg siudldfdjgj jb jbmrmedg| fi wrb

mi nrmedimg t fi wrb iz|iu mi sij|gm jbed| si| zbki| g ub| |bs|bugfdgjiu- Gu fi `g

bps|bugji bf s|inbui| Gljbffgzdn Fdkgkd?

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14/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu 7:Fg kbjdzgedm ndfiundeg& uil|b ziji bm fgu s|dkb|gu mg||gedimbu& fdhgjg

bm fg kgti|g jb fiu eguiu g fgu ffghgu wrb urn|b bf sgu s|bjikdmg bm

buziu |bfgziu- Fi wrb mi ub sijg jbed| jb kgmb|g bpsfedzg bm gwrbf

bmzimebu bmeimz|glg ur frhg| bm fi kbzgn|dei i dksfedzi- Fg fier|g& si|

bobksfi& ub rzdfdg bm buziu |bfgziu eiki rmg ni|kg sg|g jbu~bfg| fg|bgfdjgj- Gf ndmgf miu bmeimz|gkiu eim fg ndhr|g jbf fiei wrb mi `geb

ku wrb bps|bug| bm ~i gfzg fi wrb egffgkiu i sbmugkiu bm rm udfbmedi

ki|zgf-7>

Sb|uimgobu g|wrbzsdeiu ub|m Bf fiei jbf egli jbf |bfgzi _rfbog i fg `duzi|dg

jbf fiei jbf egli jb Ki`gkbj Zbkugkgmd& \g`kg& fg krob| fieg jbf |bfgzi Fg

s|iue|dzg jb Gljrffzdn Ogzdl& Ud|r& bf fiei s|izghimduzg jb Dmwrbl|gmzglfbu b

Dmz|gkr|iu jb Lirduubn \bagl& Udjd Gfgf E`rsd|g jb Ki`gkbj E`gai|& wrdbm srbjb

h|dzg| fdl|bkbmzb? s|iuzdzrtbm mrbuz|iu uge|iugmziu ~gfi|bu& uikiu rm srblfi ji|kdji

bm sfbmi udhfi ~bdmzb- Mrbuz|iu jd|dhbmzbu jdudkrfgm uru dmbszdzrjbu b dksizbmedg eim

jduer|uiu h|gmjdfierbmzbu- Jbusb|zgiu- mi iu jgdu erbmzg jb wrb fgu g|kgu jbf

bmbkdhi uim bf jikdmdi jbf uglb| t si| bffi dmzbmzgm kgmdsrfg| mrbuz|iu ~gfi|bu9 i

@gtgz fg s|izghimduzg jb Fg krob| wrb ub buegs jb fg krb|zb-

Uim ufi gfhrmiu bobksfiu jb rmg bpzbmug fduzg jb fieiu+ugldiu wrb `gebm jb

~ieb|iu jb fg ~i jb fg jbmrmedg uiedgf wrb jbubg bnbezrg| bf bue|dzi| `dusgmikgh|bl-

Ndmgfkbmzb fg jbmrmedg jb fg fge|g uiedgf t fg `b|djg wrb |bs|bubmzg bm bf ei|gm jb

Kg||rbeiu bf nbmkbmi jb fg kdh|gedm (fg kdh|gedm dmzb|di| +jbf egksi g fg edrjgj+ t

si| iz|i fgji& fg ku ugmh|dbmzg& fg kdh|gedm dfbhgf `gedg bf bpzb|di|$ iersg|m

dksi|zgmzbu busgediu jb fg fdzb|gzr|g jb buziu grzi|bu-

Bm buzb ubmzdji& fg fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl `g jbug||iffgji rm eiksimbmzb

uiedgf& |bd~dmjdegzd~i& krt dmzbmui bm ur hmbudu wrb `g ~duzi eiki bm fg kgti|g jb

uru zbpziu urltgeg bug |blbfdm& bug bps|budm jb jbmrmedg& eim bf ndm fzdki jb

s|isdedg| rmg ki|gfdgedm uiedgf wrb s|isdedgub bf jbug||iffi jb rm bmzi|mi kboi| t

ku oruzi- Siudlfbkbmzb mi `g `gldji dmzbmedimgfdjgj& siudedimgkdbmzi i eii|jdmgedmbmz|b fiu bue|dzi|bu sg|g s|isdedg| bub bnbezi& si| fi wrb mi sijbkiu `glfg| jb rmg

ei||dbmzb buzzdeg uiedgf (eiki u ier||d bm Busgg eim gf sibug uiedgf jb Hgl|dbf

Ebfgtg i Lfgu jb Izb|i jb fiu giu 7423+74>2$& udmi wrb bf bmzi|mi& bf kbjdi bm bf

wrb ub `g bmeimz|gji bf grzi| fb `g kizd~gji g jbug||iffg| buzg buzzdeg sg|gfbfg bm fg

kgti|g jb bffiu- Sijbkiu eimefrd|& srbu& wrb bm fg hmbudu jb buzg mbifdzb|gzr|g mi

`g bpduzdji& siudlfbkbmzb& rm sb|diji |bnfbpd~i wrb fbu ffb~gub g zikg| siudedm

buzzdeg eikm bm uru bue|dziu& udmi wrb& ku ldbm& bf eimzbpzi uiedgf& sifzdei&

jbkih|ndei& beimkdei& bze- `g dmnfrdji jb ni|kg jbedud~g bm fg kgmb|g t kijiu jb7> Gljbffgzdn Fdkgkd& Egffb jbf Ghrg- Gmzifihg eimzbksi|mbg jb Fdzb|gzr|g @dusgmikgh|bl& UDGFBjdedimbu& Kgj|dj&

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15/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl72gn|imzg| ur jduer|ui& bpduzdbmji si| bffi rm sg|gfbfduki& rmg udkbz|g& wrb

bmeimz|g|bkiu jb ni|kg eimzdmrg bm bf |burfzgji ndmgf jb uru zbpziu-

Sibug `dusgmikgh|bl? fg |bd~dmjdegedm uiedgf

Bm fg sibug `dusgmikgh|bl& gf eimz|g|di wrb `g ier||dji eim fiu zbpziumg||gzd~iu (wrb ub `gm ~duzi krt dmnfrbmedgjiu si| fg z|gjdedm t fg i|gfdzr|b kgh|bl$&

bf siudedimgkdbmzi jbf bue|dzi|& jbf sibzg& bu tg rmg gezdzrj ~dzgf- Mi `gt g||guz|bu& mi

bpduzb rmg z|gjdedm wrb dmnfrtg bm fg bfgli|gedm jbf jduer|ui sizdei- Bf sibzg jbedjb

ub| bfbkbmzi dmeg|jdmgji bm rmg buzzdeg jb jbmrmedg efg|g& udm gklghbu& udm

sb|n|gudu- Bu rmg kgmdndbuzg nrmedm jb |bhduz|i jbf ~d~d| i jb fi ~d~dji eifbezd~i& gu

eiki jbf jikdmdi djbmzdzg|di Fg zikg jb fg sgfgl|g sizdeg bu nrmjgji|g jb fdlb|zgj&

jb zgf kgmb|g wrb ub s|ijreb rm eimuzgmzb |be`gi gf krzduki& gf z|kdmi

eimni|kduzg& gf udfbmedi78- Bf bue|dzi| (wrb ub eimudjb|g s|izghimduzg jb ur zdbksi$jbedjb si| ~ifrmzgj s|isdg zikg| uru `b||gkdbmzgu bue|dzr|gfbu t simb|fgu g

jdusiudedm jb rm jduer|ui jb jbmrmedg efg|g t |bd~dmjdegzd~i& bm z|bu fmbgu eime|bzgu?

fg jbmrmedg jb fg bkdh|gedm dfbhgf t uru eimuberbmedgu (fiu sgjbedkdbmziu jbf ~dgob&

bf bmhgi gf wrb ub ~b uikbzdji bf bkdh|gmzb& fg bpsfizgedm gffbmjb fg n|imzb|g& fg

krb|zb ndmgf& bze-$& b~djbmedg| bf e`iwrb dmzb|erfzr|gf b dmzb|zmdei t uru dmoruzgu

eimuberbmedgu& t fg ndfdgedm eim fg egrug |glb-

Jbmrmedg jb fg bkdh|gedm dfbhgfBf siudedimgkdbmzi buzzdei jb fiu grzi|bu `dusgmikgh|blbu gmzb fg fge|g

uiedgf wrb ursimb fg bkdh|gedm efgmjbuzdmg b dfbhgf bmerbmz|g ur |bnb|bmzb ku

jbuzgegji bm Gljb||g`kgm Bf Ngz`d& wrdbm `g jbjdegji g buzb gurmzi fg zizgfdjgj jb

jiu jb uru sibkg|diu70& gjbku jb eimzdmrgu |bnb|bmedgu g buzb gurmzi bm uru

|buzgmzbu zbpziu& udbmji buzb rm bfbkbmzi |ber||bmzb t jb eimzdmrdjgj bm ur jduer|ui

sizdei? Mi `gt lieg sg|g h|dzg| ) mi `gt ubj wrb fg lblg ) mi `gt ghrg bm bf

Buz|be`i ) @gt ~djg bm fgu s|inrmjdjgjbu ) jb rm kg| udm ghrg eim ioiu t gmdffiu ) Gu

ub kd|g bf Kbjdzb||mbi ) bm bf busboi jbf Bkdh|gmzb- Bf jifi| jbf z|gmudzg| efgmjbuzdmijb sgzb|gu& jb `ikl|bu t krob|bu wrb ub orbhgm fg ~djg bm bf egkdmi dmedb|zi jbf

Buz|be`i bu nizih|gndgji kghduz|gfkbmzb si| Bf Ngz`d wrb& g kiji jb n|imzdusdedi& dmdedg

ur sibkg|di n|deg bm ~b|uiu kiogjiu& eim buzb jifi|dji sibkg? Mrmeg nrb zgm

iuer|g ) Ogku ~di rm |buwrdedi jb fr ) n|deg ub jbuzdb bm ur z|g~bug ) ur |isg ffbhg

uifg gf lfgmei gkgmbeb| ) zijiu lgdfgm g ur uim ) jbundfgm bm ur `imi| ) in|bmjgu eiki

busgfjgu ) busgjgu eiki gki|bu ) ffr~dg jb gfhgu urusbmjdjgu bm ur ) n|bmzb--

78Gflb|zi Zi|u& S|fihi bm Kbirg| Bf Dj|duud& Bfbhg sg|g fg busgfjg kiogjg& EBJKG& Kfghg&

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16/17

Oiu Ug||dg Erb~gu 7>Zgkldm Kbirg| Bf Dj|duud eim ur zbpzi Bfbhg sg|g fg busgfjg kiogjg74g`imjg bm fg

buzzdeg jb fg sibug jbf eiks|ikdui& jb fg jbmrmedg& gmzb fg z|ghbjdg jb fg

kijb|mdjgj wrb ub ~d~b bm fiu sguiu n|imzb|diu- Bf `b|kiui sibkg wrb jg mikl|b gf

zbpzi bu rm efg|i dmjdegji| jb fg |busimugldfdjgj uifdjg|dg wrb gurkb bf grzi| bm uru

zbpziu? Egrzbfiui' ) Bmz|b ifg t ifg kd |bki ) erbmzg fiu jbzgffbu ) jb fg bsisbtg jbfiu sil|bu ) t ub fgmgm urur||iu ) jb gfgu s|ikbzbji|gu (s- 52$- Iz|iu sibzgu& eiki

Ki`gkbj E`gai| t Ki`gkbj Udlg|d& `gm z|gzgji buzb gurmzi& grmwrb jb ni|kg

kbmiu s|ifdog wrb fiu gmzb|di|bu& eim sibkgu urbfziu bm gfhrmiu jb uru zbpziu-

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17/17

Fdzb|gzr|g `dusgmikgh|bl78Ndfdgedm eim fg egrug |glb

Uim z|bu fiu grzi|bu wrb `gm jbedjdji bue|dld| gldb|zgkbmzb t udm gklghbu

geb|eg jb fg djbmzdjgj |glb t eim bffi gfdmbg|ub eim fg egrug jb wrdbmbu fre`gm g

ng~i| jb gwrbffiu `b|kgmiu krurfkgmbu wrb uim dmoruzgkbmzb z|gzgjiu? Gljb||g`kgm

Bf Ngz`d& Ki`gkbj E`gai| t Kbirg| Bf Dj|duud-Buzg |blbfjg n|bmzb g fg dmoruzdedg fi `g jbue|dzi kghduz|gfkbmzb Gljb||g`kgm

Bf Ngz`d bm buzb `b|kiui sibkg? Jbmrmedi kd udfbmedi ) kgfjdhi kd bpduzbmedg ) t bf

jg wrb kdu ioiu zb ~db|im- ) Kb eimurki bm zr grubmedg ) bm zr kg|e`g nmbl|b ) t ti

dksgudlfb& |izi- ) Ffi|i t kgfjdhi kd bpduzbmedg ) wrbki kd |isg& ) kd djbmzdjgj |glb ) t

jbmrmedi kd udfbmedi