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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING Ch. 3 Page 117

Question Answer

1. Outline how Mary Montagu

discovered a vaccine for

smallpox.

Mary Montagu discovered a vaccine for smallpox

by observing women who performed a procedure

that protected children from diseases. They madea small scratch on the childs arm and placed a

drop of pus of a mild case of smallpox. The child

was infected by the mild disease, but healed

quickly. They never developed the serious form

of the disease.

2. Describe the symptoms of an

allergic reaction.

The symptoms of an allergic reaction are runny

noses and watery eyes.

3. What is a vaccine? A vaccine is a dead or weakened version of anantigen or pathogen. It is injected into the body

so that it can produce antibodies for when the live

version invades.

4. Where does the word

vaccine come from?

The word vaccine comes from the Latin word

vacca which means cow.

5. Why does a vaccine have to

be a specially prepared version

of a disease pathogen?

A vaccine has to be a specially prepared version

to be dead or weakened because it cannot be too

strong to be able to damage the body. If the live

one was injected, the body may not be able to

fight back in time.

6. What is a vaccines booster

shot?

A vaccines booster shot is an additional vaccine

that boosts antibody production and extends the

immune systems memory for that antigen.

7. What is the effect of an

antihistamine?

An antihistamine drug reduce the symptoms

caused by the release of histamine.

8. Describe how an allergy isdifferent from an allergen.

An allergy is an unusually high sensitivity to somesubstance while an allergen is something that

causes the allergy.

9. What is an adrenaline auto-

injector and how is it used?

An adrenaline auto-injector automatically delivers

adrenaline to help reduce the effects of an allergic

reaction. You inject it into the thigh.

10. Explain the difference

between AIDS and HIV.

AIDS is an infection of the immune system that

leads to various health complications and often

death. HIV is a powerful pathogen that attacks

the immune system itself and can destroy it by

infecting helper T cells. AIDS is caused by HIV.

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Question Answer

11. Which if the statements on

page 117 describe activities that

would help to take care of your

immune system? For activities

that are not helpful, change the

statement to make it a helpful

activity.

Helpful:

B) Wash your hands occasionally.

C) Keep your home tidy and neat.

D) Avoid smoking.

F) Keep your vaccinations up to date.

Unhelpful:

A) --> Refrain from eating fast food and foods

high in sugar.

E) --> Get plenty of rest and exercise.

G) --> Never get involved in activities that involve

sharing body fluids with others.

12. For each of the seven things

you can do to protect your

immune system, describe one

specific action you could take.

Eat a well-balanced diet. (Eat according to

Canadas Food Guide every day.)

Maintain your personal hygienebrush your

teeth, shower or bathe, and wash your hands

often. (Wash your hands as much as possible)

Keep your home clean. (Clean your room

regularly)

Avoid tobacco and other non-prescription drugs.

(Dont be involved in drugs)

Get plenty of rest and exercise. (Do your Daily

Physical Activity)

Keep your vaccinations up to date. (Take shots

when necessary)

Do not engage in activities that involve sharing

body fluids with others. (Dont sleep with anyone)