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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING Ch. 3 Page 117
Question Answer
1. Outline how Mary Montagu
discovered a vaccine for
smallpox.
Mary Montagu discovered a vaccine for smallpox
by observing women who performed a procedure
that protected children from diseases. They madea small scratch on the childs arm and placed a
drop of pus of a mild case of smallpox. The child
was infected by the mild disease, but healed
quickly. They never developed the serious form
of the disease.
2. Describe the symptoms of an
allergic reaction.
The symptoms of an allergic reaction are runny
noses and watery eyes.
3. What is a vaccine? A vaccine is a dead or weakened version of anantigen or pathogen. It is injected into the body
so that it can produce antibodies for when the live
version invades.
4. Where does the word
vaccine come from?
The word vaccine comes from the Latin word
vacca which means cow.
5. Why does a vaccine have to
be a specially prepared version
of a disease pathogen?
A vaccine has to be a specially prepared version
to be dead or weakened because it cannot be too
strong to be able to damage the body. If the live
one was injected, the body may not be able to
fight back in time.
6. What is a vaccines booster
shot?
A vaccines booster shot is an additional vaccine
that boosts antibody production and extends the
immune systems memory for that antigen.
7. What is the effect of an
antihistamine?
An antihistamine drug reduce the symptoms
caused by the release of histamine.
8. Describe how an allergy isdifferent from an allergen.
An allergy is an unusually high sensitivity to somesubstance while an allergen is something that
causes the allergy.
9. What is an adrenaline auto-
injector and how is it used?
An adrenaline auto-injector automatically delivers
adrenaline to help reduce the effects of an allergic
reaction. You inject it into the thigh.
10. Explain the difference
between AIDS and HIV.
AIDS is an infection of the immune system that
leads to various health complications and often
death. HIV is a powerful pathogen that attacks
the immune system itself and can destroy it by
infecting helper T cells. AIDS is caused by HIV.
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Question Answer
11. Which if the statements on
page 117 describe activities that
would help to take care of your
immune system? For activities
that are not helpful, change the
statement to make it a helpful
activity.
Helpful:
B) Wash your hands occasionally.
C) Keep your home tidy and neat.
D) Avoid smoking.
F) Keep your vaccinations up to date.
Unhelpful:
A) --> Refrain from eating fast food and foods
high in sugar.
E) --> Get plenty of rest and exercise.
G) --> Never get involved in activities that involve
sharing body fluids with others.
12. For each of the seven things
you can do to protect your
immune system, describe one
specific action you could take.
Eat a well-balanced diet. (Eat according to
Canadas Food Guide every day.)
Maintain your personal hygienebrush your
teeth, shower or bathe, and wash your hands
often. (Wash your hands as much as possible)
Keep your home clean. (Clean your room
regularly)
Avoid tobacco and other non-prescription drugs.
(Dont be involved in drugs)
Get plenty of rest and exercise. (Do your Daily
Physical Activity)
Keep your vaccinations up to date. (Take shots
when necessary)
Do not engage in activities that involve sharing
body fluids with others. (Dont sleep with anyone)