EL RITO TRADICIONAL UNIFICADO

7/23/2019 EL RITO TRADICIONAL UNIFICADO

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KH _CWJ W_AGCDCJNAH [NCFCDAGJyjr=

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DK@VKWDKNW_J @ATNCDJ VKNK]JHANJ GK KTW[GCJT W_AGCDCJNAHKT

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@ATJNK_A A][H J GK TAN M[AN

KH _CWJ W_AGCDCJNAH [NCFCDAGJ

S HA _KNJVADCN @ATNCDA

3=;3 S gcmj a jwrj= /Tl{k`k/. h rktyjngc= /Ykr`wk`k q{k vasa yrc`krj a knwkrrar a `c yagrk/. 3=69 Ykrj Mktt hkrktyjngc= /Gkma q{k hjt `{krwjt knwckrrkn a t{t `{krwjt2 w vk a an{ndcar kh _kcnj gk Gcjt/. 3=61 Jwrj hk gcmj= /Wktkl{cr( Tkjr( ykrj ykr`wk`k anwkt gktykgcr`k gk hjt `jt/. 3=6? Mktt hk rktyjngc= /Kh q{k ea y{ktwj ha `anj kn kharagj s `cra eadca awrt( nj tcrvk yara kh _kcnj gk Gcjt/.

Kvanlkhcj gk H{dat

GKGCDAWJ_CA

Djn ha `t lrangk ag`cradcn s rktykwj( rkdjnjdk`jt n{ktwra c`yalaohk gk{ga ktycrcw{ah s

gkdhara`jt n{ktwrj kwkrnj alragkdc`cknwj=

A ha vknkraga `k`jrca gk n{ktwrj Ch s Yjg E_kn L{knn( %Tekcbe Aog ah-\ecgSaes#( a{wnwcdj Yjhj Ktycrcw{ah s _KNJVAGJ_ gk ha Wragcdcn Cncdcwcda Jddcgknwah(

tcn d{sa jora njt gkoawcra`jt an kn ha clnjrandca s ha jotd{rcgag.

A ha vknkraga `k`jrca gk q{ckn f{kra n{ktwrj cntwr{dwjr( kh Ch s Yjg EFkr`n VahkA`ktwc( %Tekcbe Ahoanatear Ah-\hc#( tcn d{sa yadcknwk s gktcnwkrktaga knwrkla a ha

gjdkndca cncdcwcda( naga q{kgara gk ha @atjnkra kn n{ktwrj yat.

_KQ[CK@ WK_NA@ GJNA KCT( GJ@CNK( KW H[U YK_YKW[A H[DKAW KCTCN YA_AGCT[@ GKG[DANW WK ANLKHC2 CN W[J AGVKNW[ T[TDCYCANW WK

@A_WS_KT( KW YK_G[DANW WK CN DCVCWAWK@ TANDWA@ CK_[TAHK@.

CN NKDCT _KNATDJ_ CNWKLK_!

TY_DA_E

TJO L_@ _W[Ah Jrgk @anjae( WKVKW ?1( ;


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NJDCJNKT LKNK_AHKT

Yara ha daoah dj`yrkntcn gkh wk`a q{k yhanwkark`jt( rkt{hwa c`yrktdcngcohk ktwaohkdkr dckrwjtyar`kwrjt `nc`jt kn d{anwj ah hknl{amk wdncdj yrjycj gk ha W_AGCDCN( `t yarwcd{har`knwkgk t{ da`yj KTJW_CDJ s an `t ktykdfcda`knwk gk ha ykrtykdwcva CNCDCWCDA gk ha@ATJNK_A.

H{klj gk ha gkoadhk gk 1


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HA D[KTWCN GK HAT DATWAT S HA CNCDCADCN GK JFCDCJAfcrà`jt y{kt( DAWKL_CDA@KNWK( djn kh Ch s YjgE _kn L{knn q{k njkuctwkn kn Jddcgknwk adw{ah`knwk dj`j Jrlanc}adcjnkt cncdcwcdat `t q{k ha @atjnkra skh Dj`yalnjnnalk. Dj`j tk vk( tjn fjràt knàrdagat jrclcnah`knwk kn ha yrdwcda gk

hjt Jfcdcjt( kn kh datj gk ha @atjnkra( djndrkwa`knwk kh jfcdcj gk Ahoach. Ha ra}n gk tkrhwcà gk ktwa dcrd{ntwandca eas q{k o{tdarha kn ha naw{rah gcvctcn gk hat F[NDCJNKTTJDCAHKT gk ad{krgj djn {n Yrcndcycj Djt`jhlcdj gk Datwa %hhaàga Vrna kntntdrcwj#( d{sat njdcjnkt ean gktayarkdcgj sa dj`yhkwa`knwk gk jddcgknwk tckngjt{otwcw{cgat yjr t{ DA_CDAW[_A tjdcj-kdjn`cda s( yjr {na gk ktat CNVK_TCJNKTgkh tcòjhct`j wragcdcjnah daradwkrtwcdat gk jddcgknwk `jgkrnj( tk ea hhklagj a nj vkr `tq{k ktj waòcn kn Cngca( gjngk gcdej yrcndcycj tk ayhcda gk ha ànkra q{k djrrktyjngkdjn ha jrwjgjuca wragcdcjnah( ykrj gjngk kh yrkm{cdcj cl{ahcwarcj s anwc-wragcdcjnah`jgkrnj( nj q{ckrk vkr `t q{k {n anadrjnct`j j {na cnm{twcdca.

Kn d{ahq{ckr datj( hat f{ndcjnkt tjdcahkt e{ànat nj y{kgkn tkr `t q{k D[AW_J( aq{hat yrktknwa`jt gkocga`knwk mkrarq{c}agat( gk àsjr a `knjr=

A- Ha KNTKAN]A= Ha djntkrvadcn s wrat`ctcn gkh djnjdc`cknwj( kn ànjt gk hadatwa TADK_GJWAH %Oraeànkt#.

O- Ha TKL[_CGAG s kh J_GKN= Ha ag`cnctwradcn gkh ljockrnj s gk hat hkskt( knànjt gk hjt l{krrkrjt gk ha datwa _KAH %Bteawrcsat#.

D- Ha Y_JG[DDCN k CNWK_DA@OCJ gk OCKNKT= Ha Arwktana s kh Dj`krdcj( knànjt gk ha datwa gk hjt A_WKTANJT s DJ@K_DCANWKT %Vactesat#.

G- Ha alrcd{hw{ra( s hat warkat q{k nj rkq{ckrkn d{ahcfcdadcn ktykdcah ahl{na( kn ànjtgk hjt TCK_VJT %Te{grat#.

Kt dharj( q{k kh n`krj gk cngcvcg{jt rktykdwcva`knwk d{ahcfcdagjt yara {na { jwra gkgcdeat f{ndcjnkt kt varcaohk s wanwj `knjr d{anwj `t khkvaga kt ha f{ndcn. Yjr jwra yarwk(gkocgj a t{t d{ahcgagkt KTYKDFCDAT( thj hat W_KT Y_C@K_AT datwat %Arst#( y{kgknaddkgkr a ha Cncdcadcn( tc`yhk`knwk yjrq{k kh rcw{ah gkok ayjsartk tjork hat d{ahcgagktktykdfcdat gk hjt cngcvcg{jt a q{cknkt va gcrclcgj( s tckngj q{k kn hjt Te{grat( gcdeatd{ahcgagkt tjn cnkuctwknwkt( nj q{kga yara khhjt jwra ahwkrnawcva wragcdcjnah q{k khKUJWK_CT@J.

Dj`j djntkd{kndca gk ktwa tkhkddcn naw{rah( s gk ad{krgj djn kh yrjdktjGKTDKNGKNWK gkh dcdhj gk àncfktwadcn gk ha e{àncgag %@anvanwara#( gktgk khy{nwj gk vctwa wragcdcjnah( hj yrc`krj q{k wckngk a gktayarkdkr kn hjt tkrkt e{ànjt kt haDAYWADCN @KWAFTCDA( wkrrknj yrjycj gk hjt Oraeànkt( s djn khha( yarahkha`knwkha Cncdcadcn q{k hkt djrrktyjngk. D{angj ktwj jd{rrk( %dj`j gk ekdej jd{rrc knJddcgknwk#( hj q{k an y{kgk tkr rktdawagj( kt cndjryjragj eatwa gjngk hat agaywadcjnkthj ykr`cwkn- kn ha fjrà cncdcwcda gk ha datwa `t dkrdana kn mkrarq{a( kt gkdcr( kn ha


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Cncdcadcn Daoahhkrktda %Bteawrcsa#( s kt knwjndkt q{k tk vk a ayarkdkr a `jnmkt-l{krrkrjt( gk hjt d{ahkt jddcgknwk wcknk {n dharj kmk`yhj kn t{t Daoahhkrjt Wk`yharcjt 1.Kvknw{ah`knwk( ha gklknkradcn ahdan}a wa`ocn a ha cncdcadcn gk hjt Daoahhkrjt( sn{kva`knwk( tk rkycwk kh yrjdktj( ktwj kt( aq{khhj q{k yjga tkr rktdawagj gk hatcncdcadcjnkt anwkrcjrkt( f{k cndjryjragj ktwa vk} a ha Cncdcadcn gk Jfcdcjt %Vactesa#( q{k

h{klj -a{nq{k eaockngj gklknkragj eatwa {na fjr`a `kra`knwk ktykd{hawcva( sdjnwa`cnaga yjr wjga dhatk gk aagcgjt k c`yjtw{rat yrjfanat-( ea hjlragj tjorkvcvcr eatwaejs KTJ kt ha @atjnkra.

VKNWAMAT S GKTVKNWAMAT GK HA W_ATFJ_@ADCNKTYKD[HAWCVA

Kt dharj( q{k a yarwcr gk 1


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eas q{k y{kga ykr`cwcr yatar gk ha /wkjra/ ah ADWJ( y{kt cndh{tj ahh ha wkjra ktdatc cnkuctwknwk...

?. Gktgk kh y{nwj gk vctwa YJTCWCVJ= kta `ctà gkochcgag( -tcn gkmar gk tkr {nawrctwk rkahcgag-( ykr`cwk k cndh{tj rkq{ckrk ha ayhcdadcn %agjydcn# gk {na

`kwjgjhjla AMKNA ah jfcdcj djn hj d{ah( kn dckrwa `kgcga ha gklknkradcnktykd{hawcva ea oknkfcdcagj a hjt tkrkt gk ktwa hwcà kwaya gkh Dcdhj %Bahc S{la#daradwkrc}aga yjr ha `k}dha gk hat Datwat( yjr d{anwj( kn vctwa gk ha nkdktcgag gkrktwcw{cr kh @WJGJ JYK_AWCVJ GK HA CNCDCADCN( hjt cnwknwjt tk eanhhkvagj a daoj awkngckngj a hj KTKNDCAH s nj q{kgngjtk awagjt ah jfcdcj gk hadjntwr{ddcn s t{ yrdwcda kuwkrcjr. N{kva`knwk( tkra {n wrk`kngj krrjr djnf{ngcrhj djryjrawcvj %kh jfcdcj#( djn hj JYK_AWCVJ %kh ktjwkrct`j kn d{anwj a t{Y_DWCDA#. Ahl{na vk} kn ha @atjnkra A@OAT DJTAT K_AN HJ @CT@J(ykrj yjr hat ra}jnkt q{k adaoa`jt gk kuyhcdar( sa nj kt at hj q{k nj q{ckrk gkdcr

q{k nj easa {n `wjgj yrdwcdj( tcnj tc`yhk`knwk q{k sa nj ktw gcrkdwa`knwkrkhadcjnagj djn kh Jfcdcj gk ha Ahoachkra?. [tangj n{kva`knwk kh kmk`yhj q{k saek`jt ayjrwagj( KH SJLA j kh T[FCT@J yjtkkn `wjgjt yrjycjt gk rkahc}adcn(kt gkdcr( `wjgjt Y_DWCDJT s ktj nj tclncfcda q{k yradwcq{kn {n jfcdcj( hj q{kgk`{ktwra q{k hj djryjrawcvj nj wcknk naga q{k vkr djn hj JYK_AWCVJ( tc f{ktkhj `ct`j( nj kuctwcra {na JYK_AWCVCGAG kn naga q{k nj f{ktk {na Cncdcadcngk Jfcdcj( hj d{ah kt AOT[_GJ

Dj`j hj gk`{ktwra tc`yhk`knwk kh ekdej gk q{k kuctwan jwrat fjràt cncdcwcdat4 dj`j haQAOAHE( kh T[FCT@J( kh WAJ j kh SJLA( {na Cncdcadcn gk jfcdcj kt `t ockn {na

KUDKYDCN q{k {na rklha Hj q{k tk ea ekdej a hj harlj gk ktwjt ajt tcl{cknwkt a1


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O- Yjr jwrj hagj( ktj `ct`j hkt c`yjtcochcwa gktd{orcr ha vkrgagkra Y_DWCDA q{k tkrkfckrk a {na GCTDCYHCNA CNWK_CJ_ q{k nj ktw hc`cwaga a taokr yrkyarar khdk`knwj j {tar hat ekrra`cknwat gk hjt Ahoachkt Gk ahl{na fjrà( yjgk`jtgkdcr knwjndkt q{k ah hcokrartk gkh jfcdcj( ha @atjnkra tk ea gkochcwagj kn d{anwj at{ fjrà jrclcnah( ykrj tk ea [NCVK_TAHC]AGJ( ykr`cwckngj ha agaywadcn gk

@WJGJT Y_DWCDJT q{k t{otwcw{san a aq{h q{k tk ykrgc kn kh `j`knwj knq{k ha @atjnkra agjyw ha fjrà ktykd{hawcva q{k ejs wcknk

Kt yjr ktj q{k kh Ch s YjgE _kn L{knn s wjgjt aq{khhjt q{k tkl{c`jt t{ jora(ktwa`jt k`ykagjt kn q{k tk dj`yrknga hj q{k kt ha Y_JWJYA_AGJTCT jW_AGCDCN Y_C@J_GCAH( yjrq{k a{nq{k kh da`cnj tka `t harlj at( kt `{dej`t fdch avan}ar tc tk taok q{k a fcn gk d{knwat ha W_AGCDCN KT [NA TJHA s q{kthj ktwat TNWKTCT y{kgkn rktdawar hj q{k an q{kga gk cncdcadcn kn jddcgknwk

KTW KNWJNDKT CNDJ@YHKWA HA @ATJNK_A:Q{cknq{ckra q{k easa tkl{cgj awknwa`knwk n{ktwra kuyjtcdcn eatwa ktwk y{nwj( -tjork wjgjtc nj ea rkdcocgj {na fjràdcn yrjykg{wcda j `jncwjrcah agkd{aga-( tk fjr`{harcnkvcwaohk`knwk ktwa yrkl{nwa

Hlcda`knwk t( hj ktw( gktgk eadk `{dej wck`yj( s( daora alrklar( hj ktw GK VA_CATFJ_@AT.

Kn yrc`kr h{lar( ha àtjnkra ktw cndj`yhkwa( /YJ_ A__COA/( y{kt( yara q{cknkt sa nctcq{ckra dj`yrkngkn ha ykrtykdwcva DJT@JHLCDA yrjyca gk hjt @ctwkrcjt @knjrkt(wjga a{wnwcda @KWAFTCDA %k cndh{tj ha JNWJHJLA# hkt rkt{hwa dj`yhkwa`knwk

CNDJ@Y_KNTCOHK s( kn djntkd{kndca( wjga _KAHC]ADCN `t ahh gkh da`yj gk haCNGCVCG[AHCGAG kt C@YJTCOHK.

Kn tkl{ngj h{lar( wah dj`j vknc`jt gk kuyhcdarhj( kn kh `j`knwj kn q{k ayarkdc haàtjnkra /ktykd{hawcva/ %1


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Kn d{ahq{ckr datj( vjhvckngj a ha @atjnkra( hj q{k ea jd{rrcgj kt q{k hjA[WNWCDA@KNWK JYK_AWCVJ( tk ktdjngc an `t( y{ktwj q{k kh daòcjktykd{hawcvj( djntctwc otcda`knwk kn A[@KNWA_ KH N@K_J gk `ckòrjt(TAD_CFCDANGJ NKDKTA_CA@KNWK HA DAHCGAG( anwk wah avahandea gk yrjfanjtdjn àngch( gctfra}agjt gk àtjnkt( q{k yatan yjr ha @atjnkra ykrj ha @atjnkra nj yata

yjr khhjt( nj q{kgaoa jwra ahwkrnawcva Yara `{ktwra {n ojwn( oatwa djn kua`cnar hahctwa gk hjt àtjnkt fa`jtjt s tk vkr q{k( anwk wjgj( tjn hjt `t lrangktCLNJ_ANWKT gk d{ahq{ckr djta q{k tk rkhadcjnk djn kh KTJWK_CT@J( ha CNCDCADCNj ha KTYC_CW[AHCGAG Khhj nj q{ckrk gkdcr( yjr t{y{ktwj( q{k nj d{`yhan t{ yaykhdj`j W_ANT@CTJ_KT CNDJNTDCKNWKT gk ahlj q{k hkt T[YK_A( %dj`j {n daohkq{k gkma yatar ha djrrcknwk( tcn taokr hj q{k kt ha khkdwrcdcgag( j tc hj q{k tk kndkngkr kt{na h`yara j {n wkhkvctjr#. Kt ktj m{twa`knwk hj q{k -%`cknwrat tk rktykwkn hat njràt gkha _KL[HA_CGAG#-( laranwc}a q{k A YKTA_ gk ktk `jnwn gk tkrktGKTD[AHCFCDAGJT( ha @atjnkra( tcla tckngj( a yktar gk wjgj( {na A[WNWCDA

KTD[KHA CNCDCWCDA( [NA KTD[KHA _KLCA( [NA KTD[KHA GK @CTWK_CJT@KNJ_KT.

A{nq{k njt kt c`yjtcohk wrawar aq{ kn gkwahhk kh at{nwj gk ha gcfkrkndca knwrk hjt hhaàgjt@CTWK_CJT @KNJ_KT s @CTWK_CJT @ASJ_KT( gcrk`jt gktgk aejra yara kvcwarwjgj kq{vjdj( q{k NJ TK W_AWA GK FJ_@AT GCTWCNWAT GK CNCDCADCN( tcnj gkKWAYAT gk ha @CT@A S NCDA CNCDCADCN( k cndh{tj( kwayat CNTKYA_AOHKT. Hjt@ctwkrcjt @ASJ_KT tk rkfckrkn a hat yjtcochcgagkt q{k ktwn `t ahh gk haCNGCVCG[AHCGAG( kt gkdcr( GK HA FJ_@A( tka twa T[WCH j DJ_YJ_AH( yjr hjwanwj( eaoha`jt gk {n da`yj @KWAFTCDJ ah q{k NJ TK Y[KGK HHKLA_ TCN YATA_

%S D[H@CNA_# ANWKT( KUCWJTA@KNWK HJT @CTWK_CJT @KNJ_KT. Ktwj q{ckrkgkdcr q{k( WJGA Jrlanc}adcn Cncdcwcda kt( tck`yrk( anwk wjgj( {na ktd{kha gk@CTWK_CJT @KNJ_KT( ah `knjt kn kh tknwcgj gk q{k tjn twat hat ncdat djn fjràkuwkrcjr s( kn djntkd{kndca( hat ncdat a hat q{k tk y{kgk ahl{ckn afchcar( j Cnlrktargktgk af{kra y{kt kt yrkdcta`knwk yjrq{k EAS FJ_@A q{k tk y{kgk yarwcdcyar gk khhat.Tc tk wrawara gk hjt @ctwkrcjt @asjrkt( wah djta tkra C@YJTCOHK( y{kt aq{khhj q{k NJYJTKK FJ_@A nj tk y{kgk kndkrrar kn ha fjrà( kt yjr ktj q{k EATWA Q[K NJ TKD[H@CNAN hjt @KNJ_KT( nj tk y{kgk eaohar gk hjt jwrjt( q{k kn rkahcgag( njayarkdkrn( EATWA Q[K GCDEA @KWA NJ TKA AHDAN]AGA( kt gkdcr( eatwa q{k njtk easa rktwa{ragj kh ktwagj gkh EJ@O_K Y_C@J_GCAH( q{k kt a ha vk}( ha `kwa gk hjt

@ctwkrcjt @knjrkt s ha Y[K_WA gk hjt @ctwkrcjt @asjrkt( q{k tjn t{ gcrkdwadjntkd{kndca.

Kn rkt{`kn( wjga ha hc`cwadcn adw{ah gk ha @atjnkra ktwrcoa kn _KAHC]A_ ha Cncdcadcnyjr khha wrant`cwcga at( WJGA KTD[KHA( nj c`yjrwa d{ah( ktwar cndj`yhkwa tc t{t`ckòrjt nj yjtkkn hat d{ahcfcdadcjnkt j hjt `kgcjt %j aòjt#( yara ahdan}ar haHCOK_ADCN. Ha @atjnkra q{k ek`jt rktdawagj s q{k njt ea tcgj wrant`cwcga yjr


9/39

n{ktwrjt @aktwrjt( -dj`kn}angj( yjr t{y{ktwj( yjr kh Ch s YjgE _kn L{knn s( a

djnwcn{adcn yjr q{ckn f{kra n{ktwrj cntwr{dwjr( kh Ch s YjgE F.V.A.-( kt haVK_GAGK_A @atjnkra( gk ha d{ah( ha @atjnkra dj`n( nj kt tcnj {naGKLKNK_ADCN s ejs yjr ejs {na DA_CDAW[_A GKFJ_@K Ktwa @atjnkra( tkrDJ@YHKWA S [NCFJ_@K( kn ha `kgcga kn q{k( lradcat a n{ktwrj yrjycj ktf{kr}j(hjlrk`jt rkyjnkrha a t{ ktwagj yhkna`knwk JYK_AWCVJ.

Kh jomkwcvj fcnah s ha vkrgagkra `kwa gk ha Cncdcadcn kt HA CGKNWCGAG T[Y_K@A( ktgkdcr( {na rkahc}adcn gk dardwkr [NCVK_TAH j @KWAFTCDJ( q{k dj`ckn}a yjr harktwa{radcn CNGCVCG[AH s FTCDA gkh KTWAGJ Y_C@J_GCAH j KGNCDJ. Thj tknkdktcwa ah @AKTW_J KUWK_CJ_ %ya-L{r#( `cknwrat nj tk ea kndjnwragj ahVK_GAGK_J L{r %Tawsa-L{r#( q{k nj kt jwrj q{k kh VK_GAGK_J SJ ktk hjlrj(kt yrkdcta`knwk ha jowkndcn gkh lragj gkh EJ@O_K Y_C@J_GCAH( kh fcn gk hjt@ctwkrcjt @knjrkt( kh rkdjnjdc`cknwj gk ha KTKNDCA GCVCNA kn NJTJW_JT taokrtkha C@ALKN gk GCJT kn ha wckrra Gktgk ha ykrtykdwcva gkh tcòjhct`j lkj`wrcdj gk haD_[]( tk wrawa gk ha _KAHC]ADCN EJ_C]JNWAH. Ykrj wjgava fahwa ahlj fahwa_K@JNWA_ A HA YAW_CA DKHKTWK hcokragj gk ha FJ_@A ktwa hwcà kwaya( kt hagk hjt @CTWK_CJT @ASJ_KT( ha _KAHC]ADCN VK_WCDAH( yjr ha d{ah tk rkahc}anHA WJWAHCGAG GK HJT KTWAGJT @ANCFKTWAGJT k CN@ANCFKTWAGJT( a havk} kn A@YHCW[G s KUAHWADCN h{klj( -hj rkykwc`jt-( kh lragj T[Y_K@J sHWC@J gk hjt @CTWK_CJT @KNJ_KT( kt kh Y_C@K_J gk hjt @ctwkrcjt@ASJ_KT S kt yjr khhj q{k gkdc`jt q{k NAGCK y{kgk cntdrcocrtk j wjdar y{krwatkn {na ktd{kha gk @ctwkrcjt @asjrkt( yjrq{k NJ KT AHLJ Q[K TK Y[KGA GA_(tcnj q{k kt kh _KT[HWAGJ gk eaokr d{`yhcgj djn ha yrc`kra yarwk gk ha Cncdcadcn.

Knwcngatk ockn q{k hj q{k aq{ gkdc`jt( kt {na ayrkdcadcn gk jrgkn dj`yhkwa`knwkLKNK_AH. Ha ek`jt ekdej an `t kuyhdcwa( tc`yhk`knwk yjrq{k ha kuykrckndca gjdknwknjt ea gk`jtwragj q{k( nj tck`yrk hj q{k kt jovcj yara {njt( hj kt nkdktarca`knwk yarawjgjt( s dj`j kt c`yrktdcngcohk /d{orcr wjgat hat oatkt/( %eatwa gjngk kh djnwkuwjCNCDCWCDJ hj ykr`cwk#( njt l{twara cnwknwarhj( gk ànkra q{k àana nj tk cnwknwkwchgarnjt gk nklhclknwkt yjr gar dj`j /àwkrca vctwa/ ahlj q{k rkah`knwk nj ek`jtkuyhcdagj gk fjrà kuea{twcva( cndh{tj tc yara njtjwrjt rkt{hwa jovcj

YJTCOCHCGAGKT CNCDCWCDAT KN JDDCGKNWKDjndrkwa`knwk( kn ha kuyjtcdcn gjdwrcnah àh hhaàga /L{knjncana/ yjr kh `jnwn gkCNKYWJT q{k a ktwat ahw{rat wjgava drkkn q{k tk wrawa ahh gk ha jora gk {naCNGCVCG[AHCGAG( tk ktykdcfcda {n YHAN GK ADDCN( {na KTW_[DW[_A a tkl{cr(q{k ahl{njt nj ean dj`yrkngcgj ockn( s nj hj gkdc`jt yjrq{k kuyhjrkn /jwrjt ejrc}jnwkt/(-hj d{ah kt njràh k cndh{tj GKTKAOHK( y{kt kt gk ha /yjhcnc}adcn/ knwrk hat gctwcnwatFHJ_KT q{k tk jowcknkn hjt `kmjrkt rkt{hwagjt-( tcnj yjr ha FAHWA GK DHA_CGAG KNHJT JOMKWCVJT.


10/39

Q{kgk dharj q{k djn ktwj gk ha yjhcnc}adcn nc rk`jwa`knwk ktwa`jt t{lcrckngj/tcndrkwct`j/ ahl{nj( nc eadckngj ayjhjla gk hat `k}dhat cngktkaohkt gk khk`knwjtekwkrdhcwjt s fral`knwarcjt kn a{tkndca gk {n DKNW_J DJ@N( tcnj( dj`j hj ek`jtkuyhcdagj anwkt( gk ha NKDKTCGAG gk rkyjnkr hj q{k fahwa kn Jddcgknwk a yarwcr gk hjtkhk`knwjt wragcdcjnahkt( ktjwrcdjt s jykrawcvjt AN VCVJT kn jwrat yarwkt( ykrj

gcdej yrjdktj gkok kfkdw{artk DJN HA @ASJ_ DA[WKHA s tck`yrk djn ha Y[NWAFCMA GKH DJ@YT Y[KTWA KN JDDCGKNWK S DJND_KWA@KNWK KN HA@ATJNK_A Kt TWK s nj jwrj kh da{gah àsjr gkh d{ah hjt gk`t gkokrn tkrAFH[KNWKT. Gk nj tkr jotkrvaga ktwa djngcdcn ktkndcah( ha k`yrkta fradatar anwktcndh{tj gk tkr cnwknwaga( j gktkòjdar fcnah`knwk kn FANWATAT CNGCVCG[AHKT gk`{s tjtykdejta cntycradcn s n{hj djnwkncgj cncdcwcdj;

A wah rktykdwj( rkd{rgktk yjr kmk`yhj( q{k ha jora gkF.V.A.( f{k wcw{haga /KH _KWJ_NJ GK EKNJDE j ha@ATJNK_A q{k v{khvk/... Nj kh T[FCT@J( nc kh

WAJ( nc tka hj q{k tka( tcnj ha @ATJNK_A... Yjrq{:( `{s tc`yhk( EKNJB kt kh KTY_CW[ GK HADJNTW_[DDCN [NCVK_TAH( kn djntkd{kndca( ktGCDEA FJ_@A W_AGCDCJNAH ha q{k( agk`t gk tkrKN KTKNDCA CNDJ@YA_AOHK@KNWK @TANWCL[A Q[K D[AHQ[CK_A JW_A( gkok_KVCVC_ yara Y_KYA_A_ -VCTCOHK@KNWKCNDH[TJ- HA KGAG GK J_J GKH Y_UC@J@ANVANWA_A( y{kt TA KT T[ F[NDCN

KUWK_CJ_ S DT@CDA( s nj c`yjrwa gk gngk vknla ha YJWKNDCA q{k ha anc`k( ah/gktdkngkr/ ah `{ngj gk ha fjrà s /kuyrktartk kuwkrcjr`knwk/ nj yjgr eadkrhj tcnj dj`j@ATJNK_A... Ktwj kt ahlj q{k gkok ktwar DHA_J( `{s ktykdcah`knwk kn ha `knwk gkaq{hhjt q{k tk y{gckran tknwcr wknwagjt djn hat `kmjrkt cnwkndcjnkt a kuyhjrar jwratf{knwkt... Yjr ktj ek`jt gkdcgcgj /rkfrktdar/ hjt djndkywjt... njt yarkdk q{k kra hj `tcngcdagj...

Kn ktwk yrjdktj( h{klj gk {n gkwkncgj anhctct( s gk ktd{dear ha jycncn gk varcjt( cndh{tj@[DEJT gk q{cknkt GKOK_AN WKNK_ HAT DJTAT [N YJDJ @T DHA_AT(ek`jt njwagj q{k ktykdcah`knwk tk njt yrktknwa {n yrjohkà lravk djn hat gjdwrcnat

jrcknwahkt( gkocgj tc`yhk`knwk a ha CNDJ@Y_KNTCN GK DCK_WAT VK_GAGKT q{kva`jt a yatar a kuyjnkr gk fjrà DAWKL_CDA k CNG[GAOHK. Ek aq{ hj q{k easq{k taokr gk hat Gjdwrcnat Jrcknwahkt gk hat d{ahkt tk yjgra n{wrcr ha jora gkrkdjntwr{ddcn=

;Ytk{gj-t{fct`j( {tj gk knwklknjt( {t{ryadcn gk f{ndcjnkt s fchcadcjnkt( kwd


11/39

1- NJ TK Y[KGK TK_ ECNG( y{kt kt C@YJTCOHK gktgk kh y{nwj gk vctwa gk hadjntwcw{dcn `ctà gk gcdea wragcdcn s t{ tctwkà gk DATWAT %{nj nj y{kgkdjnvkrwcrtk ah ecng{ct`j( gk ha `ctà fjrà q{k nj tk y{kgk {nj eadkr nklrj jdecnj( kt datc {na d{ktwcn gk ra}a#...

?- NJ TK Y[KGK TK_ WAJTWA tckngj dj`yhkwa`knwk AMKNJ ah kujwkrct`jdjrrktyjngcknwk( djntwcw{cgj kn t{ àsjra yjr HKSKNGAT DECNAT q{kgkokra`jt djnjdkr GKTGK NCJT( %dj`j njt taok`jt hat gk Jddcgknwk#( y{kttjn ha T[OTWANDCA gk hjt @CWJT( _CWJT s gk ha GJDW_CNA decnaWragcdcjnah( tcn hjt d{ahkt ha wrant`ctcn gk ha `ctà ktwara( kn kh `kmjr gk hjtdatjt cnkvcwaohk`knwk CNDJ@YHKWA k cn{wchc}aohk gktgk kh y{nwj gk vctwaKTJW_CDJ.

4- Nj va`jt a knwrar kn kh anhctct gkwahhagj gk yjr q{ kh O[GCT@J %Wcokwanj(Deanl( ]kn( kwd.#( wa`yjdj kt {na jydcn vcaohk2 gcrk`jt tc`yhk`knwk q{k( knwrk@[DEAT jwrat djtat( yara jowknkr rkah yrjvkdej gk gcdea fjrà wragcdcjnah kt

nkdktarcj( -%agk`t gk ha jovca W_ANT@CTCN CNCDCWCDA q{k( yktk a hatayarckndcat( rkt{hwa oatwanwk gcfdch gk jowknkr( tjork wjgj yara q{cknkt djnf{ngknhjt da`yjt kujwrcdj s ktjwrcdj gk ktwa wragcdcn#-( {n yrjf{ngj djnjdc`cknwj gkhjt T[W_ATs gk`t wkuwjt talragjt( agk`t gk ha hknl{a kn ha q{k ktwn ktdrcwjtjrclcnah`knwk( wjgj khhj( agk`t( gknwrj gkh aòcknwk gk {na VK_GAGK_ATanlea( kt gkdcr( djntalragj a {na vcga @JNTWCDA Dj`j y{kgk vkrtk( NJOATWA djn tc`yhkt s valat atycradcjnkt tknwc`knwahktgk A`jr s ya}( djtat`t yrjycat gkECYYCKTs faràdjgkykngcknwkt q{k gk CNCDCAGJT

Wjgj hj gcdej njt gkma thj djn W_KT jydcjnkt=

A- QAOAHAE= Ha vkrgag kt q{k yata djn ha Qaoahae hj `ct`j q{k djn kh ecng{ct`ja{nq{k gk fjrà awkn{aga( yjr kmk`yhj( {nj t y{kgk eadkrtk m{gj( ykrj ah njcnwkrvkncr HA TANL_K( gcdea djnvkrtcn kt tck`yrk c`ykrfkdwa s KUWK_CJ_stc ockn ktwj y{kgk oatwar kn kh KUJWK_CT@J( gkfcncwcva`knwk nj kt t{fcdcknwk knkh wkrrknj gkh Ktjwkrct`j s ha Cncdcadcn Nj va`jt a knwrar kn hjt cnwrnl{hctktdaorjtjt gk yjr q{ kt ktwj at( ykrj KT at2 ktwa ktykdck gk C{t tanl{cnc kt {nY_CNDCYCJ CNEK_KNWK A GCDEA FJ_@A W_AGCDCJNAH( kt gkdcr( kt ahljq{k yata DJND_KWA@KNWK djn hjt m{gjt( kn d{sa wragcdcn -s yjrKUDKYDCN-( ha TANL_K m{kla {n yaykh yrkyjngkranwk Khhj nj q{ckrk gkdcr(

dharj ktw( q{k ahl{ckn YJ_ KUDKYDCN s kuwrkàga`knwk d{ahcfcdagj( nj y{kgajowknkr {n oknkfcdcj rkah( ykrj wah datj acthagj nj y{kgk nc rk`jwa`knwk ktlrc`crtkdjnwra {n yrcndcycj lknkrah. Yjr jwra yarwk( wa`yjdj kt {na c`yjtcochcgag q{k(lradcat a hat ktwrkdeat rkhadcjnkt kuctwknwkt knwrk M{gat`j( Ctha` s Drctwcanct`j(tcn q{k tk ktw gcrkdwa`knwk vcnd{hagj a gcdea wragcdcn( nj tk y{kgan k`yhkar_KD[_TJT q{k hk tjn yrjycjt `t nj kudh{tcvjt( kt `t( ha gk`jtwradcn gk khhjkt q{k( GK EKDEJ( kt ahlj q{k TK EA VKNCGJ EADCKNGJ dj`n`knwk gktgk


12/39

ha Kgag @kgca %kt gkdcr( gktgk {na yjda kn q{k aq{khhj gk hj q{k eaoha`jt kradjnjdcgj s gk {na ànkra `{dej `t q{k wkrcda#( cndh{tj djn agaywadcjnktq{k eadkn a ahl{njt gk gcdejt khk`knwjt ktwar `t yruc`jt ah EK_@KWCT@JD_CTWCANJ q{k ah M{gat`j j ha QaoahaeHcwkrah Eaoha`jt djndrkwa`knwk gkha C@Y_KTDCNGCOHK Dckndca gk hat Hkwrat( wkà hj t{fcdcknwk`knwk djnjdcgj s

gk JOVCA C@YJ_WANDCA dj`j yara wknkr q{k gkwknkrnjt kn h Yjrt{kudh{tcvct`j wncdj-d{hw{rah( ha yjtcochcgag Qaoahtwcda( q{kga gktkdeaga.

O- WA]A\[F= Kh T{fct`j kt ha `t vcaohk gk hat jydcjnkt( ykrj yjr khhj `ct`j HA@T YKHCL_JTA( gkocgj a q{k kn kh tknwcgj KTW_CDWJ gkànga {ndjnjdc`cknwj oatwanwk `t q{k khk`knwah j r{gc`knwarcj gkh raok dj`jhknl{a talraga s gkh Ctha` dj`j wragcdcn( kt gkdcr( kt {na fjrà gctkagayara dj`yawcochc}ar djn ha `knwahcgag j ktwr{dw{ra ytq{cda gk hjt _AOKT(hjt YK_TAT s hat fa`chcat wncdat a hat q{k kh Ctha` ea knlhjoagjGkfcncwcva`knwk NJ KT AHLJ Q[K KTW AH AHDANDK GK D[AHQ[CK_

D_CTWCANJ( vahk gkdcr( q{cknkt t{kkn djn ktwa jydcn( gkokran a{wj -anahc}artk yara gar _KTYJNTAOHK@KNWK djn ha rkty{ktwa a ha tcl{cknwkyrkl{nwa= TC NJ D[@YHJ DJN HAT Y_KTD_CYDCJNKT GK [NA W_AGCDCNGCTKAGA YA_A @( DJ@J KH D_CTWCANCT@J( C_ A D[@YHC_JW_AT @[DEJ @T KUCLKNWKT Q[K NJ @K DJ__KTYJNGKN:... J(gcdej gk jwra fjrà= TC NJ TK KT FCKH A HA Y_JYCA FJ_@A W_AGCDCJNAH(Q[CN LA_ANWC]A Q[K TK HJ TK_ A [NA Q[K NJT KT AMKNA:... Yjrjwra yarwk( eas q{k wknkr yrktknwk TCK@Y_K q{k `cknwrat ha n{kva fjràwragcdcjnah agjywaga yrktknwk yara q{ckn ha agjywa {n kujwct`j njvkgjtj( nj hkrkt{hwar gk ncnl{na {wchcgag gk ha `ctà ànkra( `cknwrat ha `knwk tcla

ykntangj kn wr`cnjt D_CTWCANJT yara yjgkr cnwkryrkwar ha gjdwrcna cth`cda s hayrdwcda T{f( kt gkdcgcga`knwk WKTWA_[GJ nj gartk d{knwa gk q{k tk ktD_CTWCANJ anwkt q{k d{ahq{ckr djta( yjr hj d{ah( hj `kmjr kt tkrhj GK @ANK_ADJ@YHKWA S TCNDK_A s nj angar o{tdangj kn data gk hjt gk`t hj q{k gkwjgat ànkrat kuctwk kn ha n{ktwra s a hj d{ah hk ktwk`jt gangj ha ktyahga Ykrj(yjnla`jt kh @KMJ_ gk hjt datjt t{yjnla`jt q{k hj q{k tk o{tda kt ahlj gk hjq{k kfkdwcva`knwk NJ EAS Tk eaor hhklagj rkah`knwk ah y{nwj kn q{k tkaC@Y_KTDCNGCOHK o{tdarhj:( kt `t( Tk eaorn aljwagj tcndkra sdjndckn}{ga`knwk hat kwayat yrkvcat q{k ykr`cwan q{k tk hj y{kga {wchc}ar djnvkrgagkrj yrjvkdej:... Kh krrjr `t dj`n a ktwk rktykdwj njt tkrvcr gk kmk`yhj=ha afcràdcn gk q{k kh T{fct`j kt {na ktd{kha gk @ctwkrcjt @asjrkt kt {na`{ktwra gk CNDJ@Y_KNTCN( wanwj tc vcknk adj`yaaga gk ha djnvcddcn gk q{kha @atjnkra nj hj kt( dj`j tc nj tk dj`yarwk gcdej drcwkrcj Kn rkahcgag( eas q{kgkdcrhj DHA_A@KNWK= NJ KUCTWKN KTD[KHAT GK @CTWK_CJT@ASJ_KT( hj q{k kuctwkn tjn jrlanc}adcjnkt cncdcwcdat DJ@YHKWAT jCNDJ@YHKWAT( s hj q{k hat gctwcnl{k a {nat s a jwrat kt kh djntkrvar ha njdcn gk@KWAFTCDA. Yjr jwra yarwk( -hj rkykwcrk`jt-= WJGA ktd{kha DJN FJ_@A


13/39

GKFCNCGA a ha q{k [TWKG DJ@J E[@ANJ( TK_ CNGCVCG[AH S@ANCFKTWAGJ KN HA FJ_@A( y{kga cr a WJDA_ HA Y[K_WA %ftcda jtcòhcda`knwk#( KT [NA KTD[KHA GK @CTWK_CJT @KNJ_KT(fjr}jta`knwk( tc`yhk`knwk yjrq{k at dj`j yara cnlrktar kn hjt @ctwkrcjt@knjrkt gkok ànkmartk {n KUJWK_CT@J s gkokn yjtkkrtk d{ahcfcdadcjnkt

ktykdcahkt( yara wjdar ha y{krwa %kuyrktcn kvcgknwk`knwk TC@OHCDA kn ktwkdatj#( gk {na Ktd{kha gk @ctwkrcjt @asjrkt( {twkg gkok tkr KH EJ@O_KY_C@J_GCAH( nc `t nc `knjt. Gcdej gk {na ànkra {n yjdj `t Y_JFANA=Nj y{kgk {twkg cr a ha [ncvkrtcgag tcn eaokr ayrjoagj kh oadechhkrawj Ktykra`jtq{k twk tka kh Y[NWJ FCNAH gk hat FANWATAT s K__J_KT CNFANWCHKTq{k tk dj`knwkn djntwanwk`knwk a ktwk rktykdwj. Khhj nj c`ycgk( tcn kòarlj( q{kdckrwat wdncdat yrjycat gkh `wjgj lknkrah gkh T{fct`j %gecbr# y{kgan tkr{wchc}agat djn lran yrjvkdej( YK_J A DJNGCDCN GK TK_ _K-AGAYWAGATKTYKDCAH@KNWK YA_A KH [TJ @ATNCDJ( hj d{ah( jovca`knwk( nj ag`cwk

fanwatat cngcvcg{ahkt s nj y{kgk tkr ekdej KN NCNLN DATJ tcnA[WNWCDA A[WJ_CGAG wanwj kn T[FCT@J dj`j kn @ATJNK_A A HAVK] Eaoha`jt( y{kt( gk {n datj KUDKYDCJNAH kn kh q{k {n VK_GAGK_J@AKTW_J @ATN( ktw{vcktk ah `ct`j wck`yj VCND[HAGJ ah T{fct`j sw{vckra gk h {n djnjdc`cknwj `{dej `t q{k wkrcdj... N{kva`knwk( tk wrawa gk{na TNWKTCT q{k nj yjgra MA@T ktwar kn ànjt gk aytwawat( clnjranwkt(`kgcjdrkt( gktd{ahcfcdagjt( c`yrjvctagjt j {t{ryagjrkt

D- EK_@KWCT@J= kt kh y{nwj gk djnwadwj knwrk ha anwcl{a wragcdcn KLCYDCA( gkjrclkn AWHANWK( djn wjgj hj q{k kuctwk dj`j wragcdcn kn Jddcgknwk( kn gjngktcn EK_@KWCT@J NC TCQ[CK_A EAO_A W_AGCDCN( s ktwj( yjr dckrwj(

cndh{sk a hjt T{fkt( wanwj dj`j a hjt Qaoahctwat ykrj( `{s ktykdcah`knwk( a hjtD_CTWCANJT( q{k anwkt gk o{tdar kn jwra yarwk hj q{k NJ TK HKT EAYK_GCGJ( gkokran DJ@KN]A_ YJ_ _KTYKWA_( KTW[GCA_ S D[HWCVA_HJ Q[K HKT KT Y_JYCJ YJ_ GK_KDEJEaoha`jt aq{( yjr t{y{ktwj( gk haGJDW_CNA( y{kt kh `wjgj( ea gktayarkdcgj oatwanwk jtwkntcohk`knwk. Ykrj angktgk kh y{nwj gk vctwa GJDW_CNAH( kt nkdktarcj rkdjnjdkr ha c`yjrwandca gkhD_CTWCANCT@J kn ha ECTWJ_CA GK HA E[@ANCGAG. Kn kfkdwj( a taockngatgk q{k fcnah`knwk d{ahq{ckr raà tk rk`jnwa kn hwcà cntwandca a ha LranWragcdcn Yrc`jrgcah %Yrjwjyaragjtct#( -s tcn `knjtdaoj gk hat fjràt q{krkdjnjdk`jt dj`j ykrfkdwa`knwk jrwjgjuat s gclnat gk n{ktwrj àsjr rktykwj sag`cradcn-( KH D_CTWCANCT@J kt {na tnwktct @[S T[YK_CJ_ a wjgat hatjwrat fjràt q{k tk y{kgan kndjnwrar kn jddcgknwk( tc`yhk`knwk yjrq{k t{ktwr{dw{ra gkok ykr`cwcrhk ykr`kar djn kh M{gat`j s kh Ctha` gk dj`n wrjndjaorae`cdj( ykrj ah `ct`j wck`yj rkdjlkr khk`knwjt à}gkjt( ekhncdjt(klcydcjt( ktdcwat( dkhwat( ecykrorkjt( kwd. yara h{klj ykr`cwcrhkt djnvcvcr satc`char kn A@_CDA. -%kt twa s nj jwra ha vkrgagkra A_@_CDA a gjngk kthhkvagj kh L_CAH( wkà gkh q{k kn jwrj `j`knwj gcrk`jt {nat yahaorat#-(


14/39

khk`knwjt yrjvkncknwkt gk jwrat fjràt an kuctwknwkt dj`j hat gk hjt y{kohjtA`krcngcjt s hat gk hjt nklrjt afrcdanjt AT GK DJ@YHKWJ S [NCVK_TAH%vkrgagkrj tclncfcdagj gk ha yahaora Dawhcdj# kt kh Drctwcanct`j

Kt yjr khhj q{k ha @ATJNK_A( fjrà cncdcwcda ktykdfcda`knwk JDDCGKNWAH( %ah

`knjt kn t{ fjrà adw{ah#( nj y{kgk tkr tcnj D_CTWCANA j( `kmjr an( EK_@WCDA( skt ktk fjngj dj`n hj q{k hk ykr`cwk tkr y{nwj gk djnwadwj djn WJGJ HJ GK@T q{k knkh `{ngj cndjryjrk gcdej khk`knwj( djta q{k NJ Y[KGKN EADK_ NC HA QAOAHAENCKH T[FCT@J tcn tadrcfcdar t{ y{rk}a s oamj rcktlj gk L_AVK GKFJ_@ADCN

_kt{`crk`jt kn GJT YAHAO_AT kh fjngj gk n{ktwrj yknta`cknwj= Kt {twkgJddcgknwah:( Ktw {twkg A YKTA_ GK WJGJ( cnwkrktagj kn tkl{cr {na VAKTYC_CW[AH q{k hk djng{}da a ha HCOK_ADCN: Gktka {twkg rkdcocr ha CNFH[KNDCAKTYC_CW[AH q{k hk tcrva dj`j DECTYA CNCDCAH kn gcdej yrjdktj: kuctwk {na tjharkdj`kngadcn yjtcohk( {na tjha rkty{ktwa djrrkdwa= TKA @ATN! Kt hj q{k hk

djrrktyjngk yjr t{ nadc`cknwj( yjr t{ djngcdcn( yjr t{ KTWC_YK Kt t{ EK_KNDCAANDKTW_AH Cndh{tj aq{khhjt a q{ckn {twkg yrjoaohk`knwk ag`cra( dj`j L{knn jVahk A`ktwc( HJ F[K_JN TCK@Y_K ANWKT Q[K D[AHQ[CK_ JW_A DJTA Njgkokra tkr twk {n arl{`knwj t{fcdcknwk yara adaoar gk {na vk} yjr wjgat djn wjgagctd{tcn( djnf{tcn j yjtw{ra ahwkrnawcva:... Kh wck`yj gcr tc kh `kntamk ea hhklagj( j tcek`jt arangj kn kh àr Aànkdkr s vkrk`jt

HA YJTCOHK _KTWA[_ADCN S T[T KUCLKNDCAT

Djn `jwcvj gkh g{jgdc`j ancvkrtarcj gkh yatj ah JrKw gk q{ckn f{kra n{ktwrjCntwr{dwjr( ek`jt kfkdw{agj {na ktykdck gk oahandk lknkrah( {n rkyatj djntdcknwk gkhda`cnj rkdjrrcgj( gk hjt krrjrkt dj`kwcgjt( gk hjt hjlrjt ahdan}agjt s ha vkrgag kt q{k(afjrw{naga`knwk s gk ànkra JOMKWCVA( kh rkt{hwagj an tk ktdrcok kn n`krjtA][HKT Kn d{ahq{ckr datj( nj ktdrcoc`jt yara fkhcdcwarnjt yjr n{ktwrjt hjlrjt( -%hj q{kgk ncnl{na ànkra ktw rkcgj djn kh gkokr q{k tk njt ea c`y{ktwj s q{k gk o{kn lragjek`jt adkywagj djntdcknwk`knwk#-( tcnj yara hhaàr ha awkndcn rktykdwj a dckrwjt


15/39

HCNKA@CKNWJT q{k gkokn ykrànkdkr DJNTWANWK@KNWK kn ha DJNTDCKNDCA gkwjgjt aq{khhjt q{k gktkkn djhaojrar kn kh yrjdktj gk _KTWA[_ADCN W_AGCDCJNAHkn kh q{k njt kndjnwra`jt dj`yrj`kwcgjt.

1- _K-DJ_GA_ j rkfrktdar daga wanwj kn ha `knwk gk q{cknkt at yrkwkngkndjhaojrar( q{k ha V[HLA_C]ADCN kt `{dej `t ykhclrjta gk hj q{k {njy{kga t{yjnkr kn {n yrcndcycj( tjork wjgj d{angj tk wcknkn hat `kmjrktcnwkndcjnkt( y{kt( wjgj v{hlarc}agjr kt ah `ct`j wck`yj {n GKFJ_@AGJ_YJ_ _KG[DDCN gk ha Gjdwrcna TAL_AGA( gk wjgj hj d{ah tk djndh{skcngctd{wcohk`knwk q{k kt {na va eadca kh F_ADATJ s ha GKTVCADCN.

?- @ahhkwkar djntwanwk`knwk kn ha djntdckndca yrjyca s amkna q{k hatyrkjd{yadcjnkt tjdcahkt s `jrahkt tjn djtat Y_JFANAT q{k nj wcknknh{lar kn {na Jrlanc}adcn Cncdcwcda( hj `ct`j q{k hat djtat tknwc`knwahkt sdjntjhanwkt( hjt djndkywjt gk e{`chgag s gk wjhkrandca q{k tjn ktlrc`cgjt a

gcktwra s tcncktwra kn kh `{ngj yrjfanj( s q{k oknkfcdcan tjork wjgj a hjt CNKYWJTs hjt NJ-D[AHCFCDAGJT( q{k( yjr yrcndcycj( nc tcq{ckra gkokran eaokr knwragjMA@T kn {na Jrlanc}adcn Cncdcwcda gjngk t{ yrktkndca s t{t cgkat nj eadknjwra djta q{k wrakr djnwrawck`yjt s djnfhcdwjt.

4- @anwknkr kn wjgjt hjt `ckòrjt ha DJNTDCKNDCA gk q{k ha àna gkhY_JTKHCWCT@J s ha T[YK_TWCDCN GK@JD_WCDA gk ha àsjra

djng{dkn cnkujraohk`knwk a ha GKTW_[DDCN gk wjga vkrgagkra Mkrarq{a sq{k( tcn twa( {na Jrlanc}adcn Cncdcwcda nc tcq{ckra y{kgk kuctwcr.

7- _kfjr}ar djnt{kw{gcnarca`knwk ha djntdckndca gk ha hlcda JYJTCDCN knwrkDAHCGAG s DANWCGAG( rkdjrgangj wanwat vkdkt dj`j tka nkdktarcj q{k khN@K_J kt KNK@CLJ gk ha DAHCGAG( q{k kh _CLJ_ nj ktw rkcgj djn hjt`t ahwr{ctwat cgkahkt( s q{k kt `kmjr DJ__KLC_ A WCK@YJ( djn wjga harkdckg{òrk q{k tka nkdktarca( q{k HA@KNWA_ A HA HA_LA Tjn gk TanAl{twn hat fratkt= Hat ekrcgat gk {n a`clj tjn `kmjrkt q{k hjt oktjt gk {n

knk`clj s Aàr djn g{rk}a kt `kmjr q{k knlaar djn gkhcdagk}a...;- Ktykdcah`knwk D[CGAGJTJT gkok`jt tkr kn wjgj hj rkfkrknwk a ha

CNTW_[DDCN( q{k( tckngj kh TK@CHHK_J s ha F[KNWK GK GJDW_CNA yarahjt rkdcn hhklagjt( NCDA@KNWK gkok tkr c`yarwcga yjr q{cknkt YJTKKNKFKDWCVA@KNWK HAT DJNTAL_ADCJNKT S D[AHCGAGKT

_KQ[K_CGAT YA_A KHHJ( nj tc`yhk`knwk yjr cngcvcg{jtockncnwkndcjnagjt q{k kn njòrk gk ha ojngag -s gk t{ yrjyca d{knwa-( jd{yknCNGKOCGA@KNWK {n h{lar q{k NJ HKT DJ__KTYJNGK( yrjvjdangj at `tdjnwrarckgag s gktjrgkn tkan d{ahkt tkan hat cnwkndcjnkt hj rkykwc`jt-. Nj tk

y{kgk vkr aq{ `t q{k {n anekhj t{odjntdcknwk gk Y_JWALJNCT@J q{k(ànkmagj gk fjrà cnfanwch yjr q{ckn hj yagkdk j gk ànkra yjhwcda`knwk


16/39

djrrkdwa a ha ejra gk djrrklcrhj( aork yatj a hat gktvcadcjnkt lknkrangj GCVCTCNkn kh wkrrknj kn kh q{k ha [NCGAG kt afcr`aga kn {n djnwkuwj `kwaftcdj( hj d{ahkt( yjr hj `knjt( CNDJEK_KNWK.

6- _ktykdwj a ha ayhcdadcn gk DJ__KDWCVJT= Kt rkah`knwk AOT[_GJ q{k yjr {nhagj tk KUY[HTK a khk`knwjt CNGKTKAOHKT s yjr jwrj hagj tk hkt _KDCOA(

t{yjnckngj( dharj ktw( q{k tk m{kla kn kh `ct`j kq{cyj {na cndjntkd{kndca

tk`kmanwk( A q{ yjgra gkokrtk( a {n gktkj gk q{kgar ockn djn wjgj kh

`{ngj:... rkah`knwk tkra wkrrcohk( y{kt kta kt ha `kmjr `ankra gk q{kgar @AHdjn WJGJT A HA VK]( ah `ct`j wck`yj q{k tk hk eadk {n gaj wrk`kngj a haJrlanc}adcn Wah adwcw{g kt franda`knwk CNDJEK_KNWK( HAGCNA(

GCTL_KLAGJ_A k CNTCNDK_A s nj y{kgk wrakr tcnj djntkd{kndcatha`knwaohkt( KN Y_C@K_ H[LA_ yara kh rkgknwjr q{k at wcknk ha A[GADCAgk rkdcocr a hjt d{krvjt q{k sa ean cnwknwagj tadarhk hjt jmjt a jwrjt KH Q[K NJ_KDJLK( GK__A@A


17/39

q{k nj tknwc`jt ha nkdktcgag gk kuyhcdar( y{kt jovca`knwk thj hkt jd{rrk a aq{khhjt q{kGK__A@AN A daga q{ckn hj q{k hk wjda

Yrkdcta`knwk( kdeangj {na jmkaga ah da`cnj rkdjrrcgj( nj tcn dckrwa gkta}n ek`jt njwagjhwcà`knwk q{k( h{klj gk 1; ajt gk c`yarwcr cntwr{ddcn yrjykg{wcda s àtncda( s gk

yjr t{y{ktwj- CNTCTWC_ kn wjgjt ktwjt wkàt( ahl{njt djn {na A[GADCA s {naCNDJNTKD[KNDCA tjryrkngknwkt( cnd{rrkn Y_KDCTA@KNWK KN HJT FAHHJT Q[KVKNC@JT TKAHANGJ Q{ hkt yata yjr ha daok}a: Kt hj q{k njt l{twara taokrTc kt q{k NJ KNWCKNGKN( knwjndkt eaor q{k gkdcrhj DHA_A@KNWK( tcn ykhjt kn hahknl{a( gk wah ànkra q{k nj q{kya ha `knjr g{ga( ta kt lran `kgcga ha cgka gk ktwkktdrcwj. Cl{ah`knwk( njt wjda _KYKWC_ YJ_ KNTC@A VK] q{k= Kn yrc`kr h{lar( KTWJNJ KT N[KTW_J Y_JSKDWJ YK_TJNAH( kt {n YHAN( {n D[_TJ GK ADDCNkn kh d{ah njt wjda tc`yhk`knwk m{lar kh yaykh gk DJNTW_[DWJ_KT sW_ANT@CTJ_KT2 kn wah tknwcgj( nj tj`jt tcnj {n kthaon `t kn {na dagkna q{k nj eak`yk}agj djn njtjwrjt( nc wkr`cnar wa`yjdj djn njtjwrjt Gk ekdej( -%tc anwkt nj

tjorkvcncktk {na cnkvcwaohk dawtwrjfk q{k yjnla fcn ah dcdhj dt`cdj adw{ah#-( nj kt tcq{ckrayrjoaohk q{k hhkl{k`jt a vkr hjt fr{wjt gk n{ktwrj wraoamj yjr hj wanwj( ha ad{tadcn gkkljt`j( a{wjdradca j ykrtjnahct`j( kt nj tjha`knwk CNNJOHK tcnj franda`knwkAOT[_GA. Wjgj hj q{k ek`jt kn{`kragj anwkt KT AT( hk g{kha a q{ckn hk g{kha( s tkracndh{tj jyjrw{nj alrklar q{k wjgj cnwknwj gk t{avc}ar ktwk `kntamk kt {na n{kvawknwawcva gk V[HLA_C]ADCN s( yjr wanwj( {na vkrgagkra W_ACDCN a gcdej Yhan sDJ@J WAH GKOK TK_ W_AWAGA.

Yara fcnahc}ar ktwk y{nwj njt vk`jt johclagjt a rkahc}ar {na harla dcwa gk {n àlnfcdj_KT[@KN gkh YHAN GK _KTWA[_ADCN W_AGCDCJNAH wah d{ah f{k yrjy{ktwj yjr

_kn L{knn k cnwkryrkwagj yjr t{ kgcwjr( oclrafj s a`clj ykrtjnah( kh Tr. Ya{hDeadjrnad( kn t{ knm{ngcjta jora= HA VCGA TC@YHK GK _KN L[KNN( ha d{ahrkdj`knga`jt hkkr gk fjrà AWKNWA s KUEA[TWCVA. KTWJ KT HJ Q[K EAS Q[KEADK_( djn t{t ok`jhkt drcjhhjt( dj`j gcra n{ktwrjgcf{nwj cntwr{dwjr F.V.A

%# Lradcat a ha jora gk _kn L{njn( {n dckrwj n`krj gk jddcgknwahkt( ean v{khwj a kndjnwrar kh

da`cnj gk ha Wragcdcn( lknkrah`knwk OAMJ HA FJ_@A GKH DAWJHCDCT@J _J@ANJ Q[K KT HA

W_AGCDCN _KL[HA_ NJ_@AH GK K[_JYA S GK T[T Y_JHJNLA@CKNWJT WNCDJT %a kudkydcn

gk K{rjya gkh Ktwk( djhjdaga oamj ha rklkndca gk hat clhktcat hhaàgat jrwjgjuat#. S twk kt {n

rkt{hwagj d{sa c`yjrwandca nj tkr ma`t hj oatwanwk t{orasaga kn n{ktwra yjda gk

gktdrctwcanc}adcn. Ykrj `{deat gk ktwat ykrtjnat tk ean kndjnwragj gkhanwk gk {na dr{khykryhkmcgag anwk kh yrjohkà gk ha cncdcadcn.

Nj yrkwkngk`jt rktjhvkr ktwk yrjohkà( y{kt KT HA VA HA Q[K KTDJLK AH EJ@O_K S NJ A HA

CNVK_TA( ykrj njt yarkdk jyjrw{nj yrkdctar d`j tk yhanwka( y{kt kt vkrgag q{k {n Y_JOHK@A

OCKN YHANWKAGJ KTW A @CWAG _KT[KHWJ. L{njn ea fcmagj hjt khk`knwjt gk {na ànkra dhara s

nj yknta`jt ahwkrar t{ cgka rkt{`cngjhjt dj`j tcl{k=


18/39

1. Ha jora gk L{njn tk yrjyjnk dj`j `kwa HA _KTWA[_ADCN GKH KTY_CW[ W_AGCDCJNAH

CNWKL_AH KN JDDCGKNWK( ktwj gk {na ànkra `t j `knjt kuwkngcga tkln q{k ha KHCWK

JDDCGKNWAH easa yjgcgj j nj( kmkrdkr {na cnfh{kndca ayrkdcaohk tjork kh aòcknwk.

?. Ktwa rktwa{radcn t{yjnk( yara ahl{njt yjr hj `knjt( [N DJNJDC@CKNWJ S [NA

DJ@Y_KNTCN GKH D_CTWCANCT@J KN T[T ATYKDWJT @T CNWK_NJT S @T Y_JF[NGJT.

4. [n DJNJDC@CKNWJ VK_GAGK_J NJ YJG_A TK_ NCDA@KNWK WK_CDJ J

KTYKD[HAWCVJ.

7. Kh addktj ah DJNJDC@CKNWJ KFKDWCVJ( q{k waòcn tk y{kgk gktclnar dj`j ha

_KAHC]ADCN KTYC_CW[AH j ha rkahc}adcn kwaftcda( t{yjnk=

a# ha _KDKYDCN GK HA CNCDCADCN VC_W[AH( yjr [N _CWJ Q[K TK T[YK_YJNK A HJT _CWJT

KUJW_CDJT gk hjt d{ahkt yarwcdcyan wjgjt hjt fckhkt=

o# ha dj`{ncdadcn gk @WJGJT AY_JYCAGJT yara adw{ahc}ar ha vcrw{ahcgag djnfkrcga yjr

ha wrant`ctcn cncdcwcda.

;. [N KUJWK_CT@J KT CNGCTYKNTAOHK A D[AHQ[CK_ EJ@O_K( A[NQ[K TWK TKA [N

CNCDCAGJ.

6. HA CLHKTCA DAWHCDA KT KH TJYJ_WK NJ_@AH GK [NA _KTWA[_ADCN GKH KTY_CW[

W_AGCDCJNAH CNWKL_AH KN JDDCGKNWK( yjr hj wanwj kh tjyjrwk njràh gk ha va kujwrcda

gk {na KHCWK Jddcgknwah.


19/39

otq{kga gk hjt @KGCJT GK _KTWCW[C_ HAT WDNCDAT Y_JYCAT A HA ADW[AHC]ADCN GK HA

CNCDCADCN @ATNCDA.

Aq{ y{kgkn knwrkvkrtk gjt yjtcochcgagkt=

a# j ockn HA _KTWCW[DCN GK HJT @WJGJT YJ_ @KGCJ GK AHL[NA GK HAT CNCDCADCJNKT

D_CTWCANAT Y_KDCWAGAT( Q[K EAO_AN _KDJLCGJ DJN KH WCK@YJ HJT GKYTCWJTWDNCDJT YK_GCGJT YJ_ HA @ATJNK_A( J OCKN Q[K YJTKSK_AN HA DCKNDCA

T[FCDCKNWK YA_A Y_JDKGK_ A [NA AGAYWADCN.

o# j ockn( HA _KTWCW[DCN GK HJT @WJGJT( YJ_ @KGCJ GK [NA AS[GA J_CKNWAH q{k

nj tkra sa( ktwa vk}( gk jrgkn wkrcdj( HJ Q[K T[YJNG_A Q[K HA J_LANC]ADCN

J_CKNWAH YK_WKNKDK A [NA FJ_@A @[S Y_UC@A A AQ[KHHA Q[K _KDJLK HA

CNCDCADCN @ATNCDA S YJTKK GAWJT GK DCKNDCAT W_AGCDCJNAHKT @[S VATWJT.

Dj`yrkngk`jt q{k wjgat ktwat tjh{dcjnkt yrktknwan {n n`krj rktykwaohk gk gcfcd{hwagkt s q{k

ahl{nat gk khhat nj y{kgkn tkr t{ykragat yjr ha tjha cncdcawcva cngcvcg{ah. %1#

Yara dj`kn}ar eadk yjr t{y{ktwj fahwa q{k ahl{nat ykrtjnat wknlan ha DHA_A DJNDCKNDCA gk hj

q{k tk ea gk rkahc}ar s ha FC_@K VJH[NWAG gk rkahc}arhj. S tcn g{ga ahl{njt ktwaran kn

gctyjtcdcn gk gar kh yrc`kr yatj sa gktgk aejra.

twa kt( kn wjgj datj( [NA Y_KYA_ADCN Q[K KTW AH AHDANDK GK WJGJT= KT HA AGQ[CTCDCN

GK KTWK DJNJDC@CKNWJ WK_CDJ KUWKNTJ K CNDJN@JVCOHK Q[K L[NJN YJNA DJ@J

DJNGCDCN Y_KVCA YA_A WJGA WKNWAWCVA GK _KAHC]ADCN.

Yrkdctk`jt= DJNJDC@CKNWJ GK HA JO_A GK L[NJN KN T[ WJWAHCGAG s djnjdc`cknwj kn ha

`kgcga dj`yawcohk djn ha gctdcyhcna gkh tkdrkwj GK HJ Q[K EA HHKLAGJ EATWA NJTJW_JT GKHKTJWK_CT@J JDDCGKNWAH.

Yara fadchcwar ktwa yrkyaradcn cngctykntaohk tcn gkmar gk jwjrlar t{ yarwk a hat gjdwrcnat

jrcknwahkt( njt ek`jt gkgcdagj gktgk ha `{krwk gk L{njn( kn n{ktwra rkvctwa Kw{gkt

Wragcwcjnnkhhkt( a y{ohcdar wrag{ddcjnkt s rkc`yrktcjnkt gk wkuwjt ktkndcahkt gkh ktjwkrct`j

Drctwcanj s gk ha Booaha( djn ha ktykran}a gk q{k( dj`j gkda Mkan _ksjr= Ha djtkdea y{kga

rkdjlkrtk gkty{t gk ha `{krwk gkh Tkòragjr.

Y{kga n{ktwrj `jgktwj ktf{kr}j djnwrco{cr at a djhàr hjt gktkjt gk aq{h a q{ckn tk ea hhaàgj(

djn ra}n( KH @ASJ_ GK HJT @AKTW_JT CNWKHKDW[AHKT Q[K KH JDDCGKNWK EASA DJNJDCGJ

GKTGK KH FCNAH GK HA KGAG @KGCA.

NJWAT=

1- Anwk hat kvcgknwkt gcfcd{hwagkt( dckrwjt hkdwjrkt gk L{knn ean wjàgj kh yarwcgj gk o{tdar hacncdcadcn oamj {na gk t{t fjràt jrcknwahkt( hj q{k Y[KGK DCK_WA@KNWK M[TWCFCDA_TK DJ@J

TJH[DCN CNGCVCG[AH( y{kt tk dj`yrkngk fdch`knwk q{k wah gktyha}a`cknwj c`yhcda

djngcdcjnkt kuwkrnat gk kuctwkndca s gctyjtcdcjnkt cnwkrnat q{k tjn gcfdchkt gk rk{ncr. YK_J KTWA


20/39

TJH[DCN Q[K NJ KT T[TDKYWCOHK GK LKNK_AHC]A_TK YA_A WJGJT HJT EJ@O_KT GJWAGJT

YA_A KHHJ( Q[K WJGAVA Y[KGAN KUCTWC_ KN JDDCGKNWK( NJ DJNW_CO[SK KN NAGA A HA

FJ_@ADCN GK [NA KHCWK JDDCGKNWAH _KHAWCVA@KNWK C@YJ_WANWK S THCGA@KNWK

DJNTWCW[CGA( HJ D[AH KT TCN K@OA_LJ KH JOMKWCVJ Y_C@K_J GK L[NJN S HA KVKNW[AHCGAG

@T FAVJ_AOHK( NJ TJHA@KNWK YA_A JDDCGKNWK TCNJ YA_A HA E[@ANCGAG KNWK_A.

Ya{h Deadjrnad( HA VCGA TC@YHK GK _KN L[KNN. %Hat àstd{hat tjnn{ktwrat#.

Tc`yhk`knwk nj tk y{kgk `kmjrar hj gcdej. Daga q{ckn gkok rktyjntaochc}artk gk t{taddcjnkt s kvah{ar tc rkah`knwk ea dj`yrkngcgj j nj gk q{ va wjgj ktwj( y{kt a vkdkt(dj`j sa ek`jt gcdej( `kmjr as{ga q{ckn `knjt ktwjroa A q{cknkt nj hkt yrjg{}da {ntejdb k`jdcjnah hj q{k aq{ yhanwka`jt( tcnj q{k( ah djnwrarcj( hj dj`yrkngan( hjdj`yarwan( k cndh{tj tcknwan q{k eatwa NJT FAHW GKDC_ AHL[NAT DJTAT( hktga`jt ha ocknvkncga kn ktwa _KDWA FCNAH. Ktwa`jt yara as{garhkt( tck`yrk s d{angjd{`yhan waòcn djn ha djngcdcn q{k yrjyjnk ha h`cna 17 gkh @[W[T HCOK_= J_A(HKLK( HKLK( HKLK( _KHKLK( HAOJ_A KW CNVKNCKT( wknckngj cl{ah`knwk knd{knwa kh fa`jtj hkà= NJN NJOCT GJ@CNK( NJN NJOCT( TKG NJ@CNK W[J GALHJ_CA@

KN HA _KDWA FCNAHKn kfkdwj( nj yjgk`jt ktwar `t gk ad{krgj djn kh yhanwka`cknwj gk Deadjrnad( s gkn{ktwra yarwk( yjngrk`jt n{ktwrj e{`chgk ayjrwk. GKOKN yrktknwartk GK CN@KGCAWJahwkrnawcvat a ha danwcgag gk gktawcnjt q{k a gcarcj kndjnwra`jt y{ohcdagjt rktykdwj a ha

àtjnkra. Kh yjhwcdj crhangt Kg`{ng O{rbk( gcmj {na vk}= Yara q{k wrc{nfk kh àh(oatwa djn q{k hjt ejòrkt gk ockn nj ealan naga At kt( ea tcgj ha NKLHCLKNDCA gkhjt yrjycjt àtjnkt hj q{k ea ykr`cwcgj q{k ha tcw{adcn hhklara eatwa ktwk y{nwj. Kt ejragk drkar y{ohcdadcjnkt W_AGCDCJNAHKT q{k nc tcq{ckra gkokn drcwcdar aockrwa`knwk hjtkrrjrkt yrjycjt s amknjt( tcnj tc`yhk`knwk kuyjnkr HA VK_GAG atctwcgjt yjr khDJNJDC@CKNWJ( frknwk ah d{ah ha clnjrandca rkwrjdkgk dj`j hat wcnckohat anwk ha h{}(wanwj `t kn ktwk àrdj yrjfanj gk wjhkrandca ecydrcwa s gk hj yjhwcda`knwk djrrkdwjq{k ykr`cwk yrjhcfkrar wjgat hat aokrradcjnkt q{k datc a gcarcj yrktkndca`jt kn hjt `kgcjtgk dj`{ncdadcn.

Kn d{anwj a ha @atjnkra kn t( cnwkrna`knwk( s y{krwat agknwrj( SA OATWA gk eadkr khyaykh gkh /àrcgj djrn{gj ykrj tawctfkdej/( `cknwrat hjt Y_JFANJT DJN @ANGCHeadkn hj q{k hkt ga ha lana djn n{ktwra Jrgkn... Kt ejra gk DJ_WA_ KH DJ_GN[@OCHCDAH q{k njt {nk a kta @AG_K @[K_WA S KN GKTDJ@YJTCDCN q{k tkàncfcktwa dj`j kh hwc`j rktcg{j gk {n ktwagj gk djtat DAG[DJ s GKDAGKNWK.

Kn kfkdwj( kta /àtjnkra/ gk hat kty{rcat Djntwcw{dcjnkt gk Angkrtjn s Hangàrbt gk


21/39

@adbks( nj hj kt sa tcnj thj gk njòrk( GK NCNL[NA @ANK_A _KY_KTKNWA[NA F[KNWK Y[_A A GNGK _K@JNWA_TK A OKOK_( kn djntkd{kndca -% s yktk ahj lrjwktdj gk n{ktwrj kmk`yhj( q{k nj ktw ekdej yara /alragar/ tcnj yara EADK_DJNTDCKNDCA#- kt kvcgknwk q{k sa nj njt yjgk`jt ahc`knwar gk khha( tcnj( `{s ahdjnwrarcj( djrrk`jt kh rcktlj gk tkr VA@YC_C]AGJT yjr ktk d{kryj kn gktdj`yjtcdcn...

Djnjdk`jt ha dadarkaga /djnwra/ gk q{k hjt vnd{hjt /cntwcw{dcjnahkt/ y{kgkn rkyjrwarahl{nat vknwamat... dckrwj( ykrj wahkt vknwamat `kra`knwk AG@CNCTW_AWCVAT njdj`ykntan hjt ykhclrjt gk DJNWA@CNADCN q{k ktwarn tck`yrk yrktknwkt `cknwrat njnjt awrkva`jt dj`j A[WNWCDJT JO_K_JT DJNTDCKNWKT a crnjt /djn n{ktwra`tcda a jwra yarwk/... y{kt gk ekdej kuctwkn kn ktwk `j`knwj /hjlcat/ k cndh{tj LrangktHjlcat( d{sa NCDA _A]N GK TK_ kt D_CWCDA_( dknt{rar( yrjecocr j knwjrykdkr ahat q{k EADKN... Kt ha àgrk dagavrcda q{k tk n{wrk gk t{t ecmjt!! OATWA SA GKKTWK KTWAGJ GK DJTAT...! Ha ncda ànkra gk eadkr kfkdwcvj kh _KWJ_NJ GKEKNJDE kt TKYA_A_NJT GK KTA @ATA Y[W_KFADWA... y{kt kh ktyrcw{ q{k hk

ancàoa( ha ea aoangjnagj( ykrj djnwcna vcvj kn wjgjt t{t ecmjt... ah `knjt( tcn g{ga( knaq{khhjt q{k ean kndjnwragj( a{nq{k thj f{ktk /ktykd{hawcva`knwk/ t{ VK_GAGK_AKTKNDCA...

twa kt tcn g{ga {na gk hat ànkrat gkrj`ykr ktk drd{hj vcdcjtj...gkok`jtAY_JVKDEA_ HA JYJ_W[NCGAG...y{kt kt kh `j`knwj gk C@Y[HTA_ HJTDA@OCJT Q[K NJT LA_ANWCDKN

[NA VK_GAGK_A W_AGCDCN[NCVK_TAH S DJ@YHKWA gk dara ahfcnah gkh dcdhj...s ktwj nj y{kgk/rkdjntwr{crtk/ tjork OATKTGKTLATWAGAT. Gkok q{kgar dharj q{knj tk wrawa gk /fraddcjnahct`jt/( tk wrawa gk

_KAHCGAGKT(...kh wk`jr gkok q{kgar awrt... KH @ATN HCO_K KN HA HJLCAHCO_K( kt -ockn knwkngcga-( {na cnvcwadcn a _K-djrgar q{k nj yjgk`jt /tkyararnjt/ gkahlj q{k HHKVA@JT DJN NJTJW_JT( hat HJLCAT lknkran Lrangkt Hjlcat...NJ AH

_KVT... Gjngkq{ckra q{k tk rknan < @@@@ EAS [NA HJLCA( W_AOAMANGJ

OAMJ HA OVKGA DKHKTWK S DJH@AGA GK HJT A[TYCDCJT GKHLAG[( tck`yrk q{k twjt d{`yhan djn hat kuclkndcat _CW[AHKT q{k haW_AGCDCN [NCVK_TAH C@YJNK a ha @atjnkra. KT KH @J@KNWJ GK GA_ [NYATJ AH F_KNWK S AT[@C_ GK [NA VK] YJ_ WJGAT N[KTW_A A[WNWCDAHAOJ_... NJ YJGK@JT TK_ WCOCJT...


22/39

Tc yktk a hj gcdej( nj tk njt drkk( q{c}t tkra djnvkncknwk knwjndkt `kgcwar kn hattcl{cknwkt fratkt=

S nagck kdea vcnj n{kvj kn jgrkt vckmjt( gk jwra ànkra kh vcnj n{kvj rj`yk hjt jgrkt( skh vcnj n{kvj tk gkrraà s tk yckrgk( yjr ktj kh vcnj n{kvj kn jgrkt n{kvjt tk ea gk

kdear.

Tan @ardjt ?.??

AGKHANWK QQEE!!( y{kt kn daga yatj kn fcr`k q{k ga`jt( djnwa`jt tck`yrk

djn ha L[A k cndh{tj ha DJ@YAA gk n{ktwrjt Anwcl{jt @@ q{k a{nq{kayarknwk`knwk a{tknwkt( sa ean dj`kn}agj a gktykrwar kn ha DAVK_NA... yjrq{k haEJ_A ktw Y_UC@A...

4=19 Kh eadea sa ktw y{ktwa a ha ra} gk hjt rojhkt= kh rojh q{k nj yrjg{dk o{kn fr{wj

tkr djrwagj s arrjmagj ah f{klj. 4=11 Sj hjt oa{wc}j djn al{a yara q{k tk djnvckrwan2ykrj aq{kh q{k vcknk gkwrt gk ` kt `t yjgkrjtj q{k sj( s sj nc tcq{ckra tjs gclnj gkq{cwarhk hat tangahcat. h hjt oa{wc}ar kn kh Ktyrcw{ Tanwj s kn kh f{klj. 4=1? Wcknk kn t{ànj ha ejrq{chha s hc`ycar t{ kra= rkdjlkr t{ wrclj kn kh lrankrj s q{kàr ha yama kn{n f{klj cnkuwcnl{cohk.

Kvanlkhcj tkln @awkj


23/39

HJT YATJT YA_A HA _KNJVADCN=Yara q{cknkt rkah`knwk ean dj`yrkngcgj aq{khhj q{k hkt ea tcgj dj`{ncdagj a hj harlj gkha W_AT@CTCN k CNTW_[DDCN q{k gkok fjr}jta`knwk yrkdkgkr a wjga addcndjndrkwa( kh yhan a tkl{cr kt `t q{k kvcgknwk( k cndh{tj ea tcgj gkhc`cwagj s kuyhcdagj

kn n{`krjtat jdatcjnkt

6

( yjr hj d{ah( ktwa vk} njt hc`cwark`jt a rkdjrgarhj orkvk`knwk=1- TKHKDDCN GK DANGCGAWJT= Gkok dj`kn}artk djn ha KTDJLKNDCA gk

DANGCGAWJT D[AHCFCDAGJT. Tk wrawa gk ha OATK gk wjgj kh yrjskdwj.K`yhkangj kh `ct`j hknl{amk gk ha @atjnkra( hat YCKG_AT O_[WAT ktdjlcgat(gkokn tkr Y_JOAGAT t{fcdcknwk`knwk( ANWKT gk tkr DJNTAL_AGAT. Khhjkvcwar wrctwkt gktch{tcjnkt s( tjork wjgj( cnnkdktarcat yrgcgat gk wck`yj( y{kt tc{n atycranwk NJ TC_VK aejra( NJ TK_VC_ gkty{t( nj c`yjrwa d{nwjktf{kr}j j wck`yj tk cnvckrwa kn cnwknwar t{avc}arhk ha va ( hj d{ah( agk`t( tkradjnwrarcj a ha adwcw{g k`cnknwk`knwk ADWCVA q{k( dj`j yr{koa gk t{DAYADCGAG( tk rkq{ckrk gk yarwk gk wjgj aq{h q{k atycra a ha Cncdcadcn

?- CNTW_[DDCN Y_JYKG[WCDA= Nj tk gkokn ag`cwcr dangcgawjt j afchcarEEa hat HHjltc ktwjt nj ean djndh{cgj s ayrjoagj kucwjta`knwk ah `knjt hayrc`kra yarwk gk ha fjr`adcn yrjykg{wcda `nc`a


24/39

KUY_KTJ q{k hjt djnvckrwk kn cntwr{dwjrkt( tcn hj d{ah( t{yrkwkngcga f{ndcn ktdj`yhkwa`knwk KTY[_CA3.

4- MK_A_Q[A= Yara q{k y{kga rkd{ykrartk kh J_GKN cnwrntkdj( tcn kh d{ah ktc`yjtcohk ha kuctwkndca j njràh f{ndcjna`cknwj gk {na Jrlanc}adcn Wragcdcjnah k

Cncdcwcda( kt C@Y_KTDCNGCOHK kh rktwaohkdc`cknwj ah cnwkrcjr gk hat HHjl

sgk`t d{kryjt àtncdjt gk {na vkrgagkra MK_A_Q[A CNCDCWCDA( wanwj gkL_AGJT dj`j gk F[NDCJNKT( oataga KUDH[TCVA@KNWK kn hatD[AHCFCDADCJNKT s DJNJDC@CKNWJT gk hjt cngcvcg{jt q{k ha cnwklran( s njkn t{fralcjt ykrcgcdjt19. Ahh gjngk tk yradwcdan khkddcjnkt gk djnfjr`cgagdjn kh cgkah Y_JFANJ( hacdj( gk`jdrwcdj k cl{ahcwarcj( sa ktwa`jt kn yrktkndcagk {na @atjnkra GKTVCAGA s GKDAGKNWK q{k nj ktw d{ahcfcdaga yaragktarrjhhar kh yrjskdwj gk rknjvadcn àtncda s gkok _KN[NDCA_ A H( knh{lar gk djnvkrwcrhj %dj`j cnkvcwaohk`knwk hj ear# kn {na DA_CDAW[_AC@Y_KTKNWAOHK. Wjgj ktwj c`yhcda( n{kva`knwk( hj q{k sa ea tcgj kuy{ktwj knkh y{nwj anwkrcjr( kt gkdcr( {n djnjdc`cknwj KFKDWCVJ gk hat Dckndcat A{uchcarkt

q{k ykr`cwa djhjdar ah khk`knwj e{ànj kn kh y{ktwj q{k kt `t agkd{agj a t{yrjyca naw{rahk}a( yara oknkfcdcj yrjycj s djhkdwcvj. Ktwj jovca`knwk c`yhcdagktyjmartk gk kljt s atycradcjnkt `kra`knwk a{wj-cnwkrktagat a fcn gk yjgkrd{`yhcr djn kh yrkdkywj gk TK_ hj q{k rkah`knwk tk KT.

7- GKDCTCN S VJH[NWAG GK DA@OCJ= Yara jykrar hjt daòcjt q{k ha@atjnkra gk ejs kuclk GK CN@KGCAWJ( tk rkq{ckrk nkdktarca`knwkDJNVCDDCN s GKGCDADCN q{k gkokn wrag{dcrtk kn ADWJT DJND_KWJT(jora gk ha VJH[NWAG D_KAGJ_A. Nj kt twk yjr hj wanwj kh tcwcj yara lknwkd`jga( wcoca( ànj-}{rga( yjhwcda j gcyhj`wcda( kwd. Kn jwrat yahaorat(tk wrawa gk {na haojr a{wnwcda`knwk TAL_AGA gk _KNJVADCN( q{k nj ktwgktwcnaga a ECYD_CWAT j W_NTF[LAT( dj`j wa`yjdj a CNKYWJT(AH[DCNAGJT FANWATCJTJT( CN@AG[_JT( lknwk djn Y_JOHK@ATK@JDCJNAHKT j YTCDJHLCDJT( CLNJ_ANWKT( @CW@ANJT(@KLAH@ANJT s( tjork wjgj( nj y{kgk tkr gktarrjhhaga yjr DJOA_GKT q{kyrkfckran agaywartk yara nj dj`yrj`kwkr kh twaw{ q{j( cndh{tj tc khhj c`yhcdawracdcjnar ha VK_GAG... Kt a ktwjt hwc`jt kn yarwcd{har a q{cknkt ek`jt gkgcdagjkh kylrafk gk ktwa jora( kn wjga t{ àlncw{g( q{k nj tknwc`jt ha `knjr ykna gkrkyrjg{dcr aq{ n{kva`knwk= Kh q{k ea y{ktwj ha ànj kn kh aragj s `cra eadcaawrt( nj tcrvk yara kh _kcnj gk Gcjt/

;- _KTW_[DW[_ADCN TC@OHCDA S _CW[AH= Kt ha _KTWA[_ADCNW_AGCDCJNAH yrjyca`knwk gcdea( {n wraoamj q{k djntctwk kn YJNK_ J_GKN

3Djta q{k gkokra tkr JOVCA yara q{ckn yrkwkngk tkr àktwrj gk ha W_AGCDCN. Kn wah tknwcgj( ek`jt njwagj q{k

`{dejt tk càlcnan q{k oatwa djn yjtkkr kh ww{hj gk @aktwrj @atn yara djntcgkrartk cntwr{dwjr Ha vkrgag ktq{k q{cknkt at yckntan( ma`t knwkngckrjn %nc knwkngkrn# aq{khhj q{k yrkwkngkn kntkar a hjt gk`t. Hj gcrk`jtdhara`knwk= HA DJNTAL_ADCN GK CNTW_[DWJ_ kt NCDA( KUY_KTA( A[WNJ@A s GCFK_KNWK a d{ahq{ckr lragjvcrw{ah( s nj vcknk agjtaga a h( yjr hj wanwj( NAGCK y{kgk a{wj-cnvktwcrtk gk khha. Vkr= Vkrgagkrjt s FahtjtCntwr{dwjrkt Ktycrcw{ahkt( yjr _kn L{knn( Day. UUC gk CNCDCADCN S _KAHC]ADCN KTYC_CW[AH.19 Kt dj`yhkwa`knwk aot{rgj ykntar q{k {na tc`yhk vjwadcn y{kga cnwrjg{dcr kn {na ykrtjna d{ahcgagkt q{k anwkt njyjtka...


25/39

KN HA DATA( khc`cnangj hj cnwch( kty{rcj s njdcvj( s rkyjnckngj hj _ACLAH(J_WJGJUJ k CNCDCWCDJ wjgj aq{khhj q{k ea tcgj awj`c}agj( gkfjràgj jt{yrc`cgj yjr ha cnkywcw{g ktykd{hawcva s ha àhcdca hagcna s djnwra-cncdcwcda gk hjtalknwkt gkh dajt( %djntdcknwkt k cndjntdcknwkt# cnfchwragjt kn ha @atjnkra._ktwaohkdkr hat oatkt tcòhcdat( rcw{ahkt s gjdwrcnahkt q{k djng{}dan a ha

rktwa{radcn gk {n vkrgagkrj wraoamj JYK_AWCVJ( kt gkdcr( KTJW_CDJ.Hlcda`knwk q{k hjt yatjt aq{ kn{ndcagjt tk knd{knwran mkrarq{c}agjt gk fjràatdkngknwk k c`yhcdan Y_KHADCN( y{kt a NAGCK tk hk y{kgk jd{rrcr cnwknwar EAOHA_tcq{ckra gk ha Cncdcadcn tcn eaokr tcgj CNCDCAGJ2 yara tkrhj( gkok ktwar gkocga`knwkD[AHCFCDAGJ s( agk`t gk tkr ADKYWAGJ yjr {na Jrlanc}adcn Cncdcwcda %kn ktwkdatj( ha @atjnkra#( tkr CNCDCAGJ kn khha( vahk gkdcr( _KDCOC_ gk fjrà _KL[HA_ha CNFH[KNDCA KTYC_CW[AH nkdktarca dj`j y{nwj gk yarwcga2 a djnwcn{adcn(d{hwcvar djn knjr`k gkgcdadcn s rktyjntaochcgag( -oamj ha w{wkha gk {n vkrgagkrjCntwr{dwjr-( kh ktw{gcj s atc`chadcn gk ha GJDW_CNA Cncdcwcda2 kt nkdktarca( agk`t(ha jowkndcn gk hjt L_AGJT VC_W[AHKT c`yrktdcngcohkt( y{kt nagck y{kgk agaywar sh{klj wrant`cwcr ahlj q{k NJ YJTKK. Gkty{t( kt jovcj q{k nj tk y{kgk ykrànkdkrcngkfcncga`knwk kn {na tc`yhk vcrw{ahcgag nj gktarrjhhaga( tcnj W_AOAMA_ yara q{kgcdea tk`chha Y_JG[]DA F_[WJT( kt gkdcr( anwk wjgj( yatar gk ha Cncdcadcn vcrw{aha ha Cncdcadcn KFKDWCVA `kgcanwk ha ayhcdadcn gk {n @WJGJ JYK_AWCVJ q{kNJ Y[KGK TK_ Y_JG[DWJ GK HA C@Y_JVCTADCN( tcnj q{k gkok tkrW_ANT@CWCGJ s _KDCOCGJ( djn ayklj crrktwrcdwj a hat HKSKT [NCVK_TAHKT gk haW_AGCDCN11( s kh rktykwj cndjngcdcjnah yjr ha GJOHK MK_A_Q[A gk L_AGJT sF[NDCJNKT( tcn ha d{ah( NAGA YJTCWCVJ yjgr hjlrartk( y{kt kt kvcgknwk q{k NAGCKY[KGK GA_ HJ Q[K NJ YJTKK( NC A T @CT@J( NC A HJT GK@TDjntkl{crat( yjr kh hjlrj ykrtjnah( kh H[LA_ q{k djrrktyjnga a t{ naw{rahk}a kn kh jrgknmkrrq{cdj s gk f{ndcjnkt gknwrj gk ha cntwcw{dcn s( fcnah`knwk ADW[A_ dj`jEK__A@CKNWA DJNTDCKNWK gkh L A G [ kn kh yhan gk_KDJNTW_[DDCN( q{k c`yhcda GKY[_A_ hj q{k an q{kga( s _KYJNK_ hj q{kfahwa.

Kt kn ktwk hwc`j y{nwj gjngk tk jotkrva wan dhara`knwk dj`j kt yjtcohk( q{k tc nj tk ead{`yhcgj a daoahcgag djn kh yrjlraà s djn hjt yatjt yrkvcjt( kt dj`yhkwa`knwkC@YJTCOHK gktarrjhhar ha _KNJVADCN( y{kt twa kt kh rkt{hwagj AD[@[HAWCVJgkh wraoamj nj gk {n cngcvcg{j tcnj gk {n DJHKDWCVJ( q{k rktyjngk a {na `ctà `kwadj`n q{k nj y{kgk tkr jwra q{k ha _KAHC]ADCN KTYC_CW[AH( kn kh àrdj gk {naJ_LANC]ADCN CNCDCWCDA A[WNWCDA kn ha d{ah ha y{ktwa kn jora gk wjgjt hjtyatjt DJNFJ_@K AH J_GKN gkok eaokrtk gktarrjhhagj yrkvca`knwk( gk hj djnwrarcj( khrcktlj gk GKTVCADCN kt KNJ_@K Kt hlcdj q{k q{ckn nj ea rkdcocgj nagagcrkdwa`knwk tcknwa ha wknwadcn gk c`yrjvctar( ykrj ha`knwaohk`knwk( eadkrhj c`yhcdara{na rkn{ndca frjnwah s gktdaraga a wjga vkrgagkra J_WJGJUCA( q{k a`kna}ar

11Gkok waòcn( kn datj gk nkdktcgag( tkr rkagaywagj ah hknl{amk àtncdj. Ktwj jd{rrcr( tjork wjgj( kn kh datj kn

q{k gcdej `wjgj yrjvcncktk gk {na fjrà wragcdcjnah jrwjgjua ykrj gctwcnwa a ha @atjnkra( k c`yhcdar hlcda`knwk{n djnwadwj _KAH djn ha f{knwk. Gkdc`jt ktwj yara gktdarwar wjgat hat vcnd{hadcjnkt cgkahc}agat djn hat q{k fanwatkanhjt clnjranwkt s dearhawankt


26/39

lravk`knwk ah gktafjrw{nagj avknw{rkrj djn dakr gkfcncwcva`knwk kn kh wkrrknj gk hadearhawankra s gk ha ytk{gj-wragcdcn

Kn kfkdwj( {na `knwk nj yrkyaraga %Y[_CFCDAGA# yjr kh W_AOAMJ CNCDCWCDJJYK_AWCVJ( thj yrjg{dcr @JNTW_[JT gk t{ yrjyca cnvkndcn( a hjt d{ahkt( kt

dckrwj-( oatwar djn djnwratwar JOMKWCVA s WDNCDA@KNWK djn hjt A[WNWCDJTDjnjdc`cknwjt Wragcdcjnahkt( yara yrjoar t{ FAHTKGAG s djntkd{knwk CN[WCHCGAG(ykrj q{k( `cknwrat kuctwan( yrjg{dcrn gajt cndjn`knt{raohkt s yrjoaohk`knwkcrrkyaraohkt a ha @atjnkra kn yarwcd{har s a ha Wragcdcn kn lknkrah2 hj `t wrctwk( kt q{kktwj t{khk jd{rrcr `{s ktykdcah`knwk d{angj gcdejt adwjt EKWK_JGJUJT vcknknadj`yaagjt gk hat `kmjrkt cnwkndcjnkt At ea jd{rrcgj varcat vkdkt a hj harlj gk haectwjrca( kn ha d{ah ek`jt vctwj d`j( tjork wjgj kh khk`knwj tknwc`knwah( rkt{hwa {navkrgagkra WA_A( dj`yhkwa`knwk cnvkndcohk( q{k djng{dk cnkvcwaohk`knwk a gktvcadcjnktgk`jdrwcdat( tjdcahctwat( cl{ahcwarcat( kn {na yahaora Y_JFANAT( nj c`yjrwa d{nhjaohkt y{kgan yarkdkr a yrc`kra vctwa. Ktwj kt at( hk g{kha a q{ckn hk g{kha( s tc q{cknhkk ktwat hnkat tcknwk q{k `cknwrat atc`cha n{ktwrat yahaorat ahlj tk `{kvk kn t{ cnwkrcjr(ahlj q{k hk c`y{htara a gkfkngkr gcdeat cgkat ah `knjt kn AHL[NAT dcrd{ntwandcat(tkan hat q{k tkan( gknwrj gkh wkrrknj gk ha @atjnkra( gkok( gktgk SA( gkdharartkCNDJ@YKWKNWK yara ha haojr gk ha _kdjntwr{ddcn @atncda( y{kt {n vkrgagkrjY_CNDCYCJ hj kt( yrkdcta`knwk( yjr ayhcdartk gk fjrà [NCVK_TAH nj tc`yhk`knwk knlknkrah( s tc kn vkrgag( -yktk a wjgj- gktkan as{gar( hj `kmjr q{k yjgran eadkr kt_KWC_A_TK gk ha cntwcw{dcn( djn ha yhkna djnvcddcn gk q{k NJ KT TWA HA VA Q[KHKT DJNVCKNK( d{`yhckngj at( agk`t djn ha yrk`cta= @t as{ga q{ckn `knjtktwjroa Taork`jt alragkdrtkhjt gk wjgj djra}n( s yjgrn gktdantar wranq{chjttaockngj q{k( kn kfkdwj( ah fcnah gkh ga( eaorn djnwrco{cgj `t gk ktwa ànkra ah ocknktwargk ha @atjnkra( q{k hj q{k jwrjt eadkn ykrànkdckngj nkdca`knwk knq{ctwagjt GKNW_Jgk {na Cntwcw{dcn a ha q{k cnkvcwaohk`knwk wckngkn a GKFJ_@A_( y{kt tjn cndayadkt gkam{twartk a t{t hcnka`cknwjt otcdjt( s gk gartk d{knwa gk q{k gcdeat Y_K@CTATF[NGA@KNWAHKT( tjn aockrwa`knwk DJNW_A_CAT a t{ naw{rahk}a ykrtjnah

Thj aq{hhjt q{k eaockngj knwkngcgj wjgj hj q{k eatwa aq{ ek`jt kuy{ktwj( tk gknykrfkdwa d{knwa gk q{k twa NJ KT N[KTW_A JYCNCN YK_TJNAH( tcnj kh rkt{hwagjgk {na vkrgagkra TNWKTCT adkrda gk hj q{k GKOK TK_ ha Cncdcadcn -s nj hj q{kdrkk`jt q{k kt-( ktwn sa kn djngcdcjnkt gk dj`kn}ar djn ha C@YHK@KNWADCN GKHAT ADDCJNKT DJNG[DKNWKT A HA _KNJVADCN( ha yrc`kra gk hat d{ahkt kt {na_KYJTCDCN s _KAGAYWADCN GKH TCTWK@A( yara hj d{ah yhanwka`jt ha ahwkrnawcvagkh _CWJ W_AGCDCJNAH [NCFCDAGJ( kh d{ah( a djnwcn{adcn( njt yrjyjnk`jtGKHC@CWA_ gk fjrà wah q{k tkr kn kh àrdj gk ktwa GKFCNCDCN yrkdcta s WDNCDAq{k kuyjngrk`jt hj nkdktarcj( a fcn gk dharcfcdar eatwa gjngk tka yjtcohk( ha NKDKTCGAGgk ha c`yhk`knwadcn cn`kgcawa gk gcdej tctwkà( nj dj`j {na cnnjvadcn( tcnj wjgj hjdjnwrarcj( dj`j {n _KWJ_NJ a hat radkt( {n _KT[_LC@CKNWJ gk ha VK_GAGK_A@ATJNK_A GK W_AGCDCN( {na rkwjà DJNTDCKNWK gk ha _[WA s FCNKTyrjycjt gk ha Cncdcadcn Jddcgknwah kn kh àrdj gk {n daòcj ddhcdj q{k johcla ahGKTYK_WA_ gk hat gjr`cgat yjwkndcat gkh tkr e{ànj kn {na djs{nw{ra kn q{kdhara`knwk tk knfrknwa a t{ yrjyca a{wjgktwr{ddcn.


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[N N[KVJ _CWJ:Kh _CWJ W_AGCDCJNAH [NCFCDAGJ kt {n TCTWK@ACNCDCWCDJ@ATNCDJW_AGCDCJNAH( J_WJGJUJ( [NCWCVJ( @CUWJ( KTJW_CDJ s JYK_AWCVJq{k _KNK s TCNWKWC]A hjt khk`knwjt TC@OHCDJT s _CW[AHKT a{wnwcda`knwk

F[NGA@KNWAHKT gk ha Cncdcadcn Jddcgknwah gctykrtjt kn hjt gcvkrtjt /_cwjt/àtncdjt kuctwknwkt( _KYJNCKNGJ ah `ct`j wck`yj aq{khhjt jwrjt q{k ean tcgjtjthasagjt yjr ha clnjrandca j ha nklhclkndca cncdcwcda gk q{cknkt ean cnwkrvkncgjn{ktwrjt rcw{ahkt `jgcfcdngjhjt a t{ l{twj( kt gkdcr( yrjfanngjhjt.

Kt kn kh cnwkrcjr gk ktwa gkfcncdcn q{k va`jt aejra a cnwknwar dharcfcdar ha kuctwkndca gkktwk TCTWK@A q{k( dj`j sa ek`jt kuyhcdagj( nj kt n{kvj tcnj kn ayarckndca( y{kt t{cnwkndcn kt( `{s ah djnwrarcj( ha _KYJTCDCN gk aq{khhj q{k tk ea ykrgcgj j gkfjràgjg{ranwk wjgjt ktwjt ajt gk àwkrcahct`j( ktykd{hadcn s ytk{gj-ktycrcw{ahcgag.

TCTWK@A= Ha yahaora rcwj yrjvkncknwk gkh tntdrcwj rcwa( rkfckrk {na ADDCN q{k kt

rkahc}aga djnfjr`k ah J_GKN %Gerà#( kt gkdcr( q{k rkyrjg{dk kn t `ctà( gk {nafjrà TC@OHCDA( {n `jgkhj dt`cdj q{k kt( a t{ vk}( ha kuyrktcn àncfktwaga gk {nY_CNDCYCJ KTYC_CW[AH j @KWAFTCDJ ykr`cwckngj gk ktwa fjrà {na djnwcn{cgagknwrk wjgjt hjt rgknkt j lragjt gk ha _kahcgag( gk ad{krgj djn kh ktq{kà wrcyarwcwaa`yhca`knwk djnjdcgj gktgk anwcl{j( yjr kh d{ah( kh tkr nj kt thj d{kryj s d{ahq{ckrjwra djta àh gkfcncga( -hh`ktk ahà( `knwk j ktyrcw{-( yjr kh djnwrarcj( kh Tkr ktW_C-[NJ( djnwknckngj kn t `ct`j wrkt atykdwjt gcfkrkndcaohkt= TJ@A %D{kryj#( YTCQ[K%Ahà# sNK[@A %Ktyrcw{#. [n _CWJ( nj kt y{kt tcnj kh d{`yhc`cknwj DJNTDCKNWK gkha HKS [NCVK_TAH.

Tcn kòarlj( d{angj gcdea yahaora kt {taga yara rkfkrcrtk a {na fjrà àtncdaktykdfcda rkt{hwa( d{angj `knjt( c`yrjyca. Kn kfkdwj( gkok yrkfkrcrtk ha kuyrktcnTCTWK@A( yjrq{k kt ktj rkah`knwk hj q{k tk wrawa gk gkhc`cwar djn kh {tj gk gcdejwr`cnj s yjrq{k tk wrawa kn wjgj datj tck`yrk nj gk {nj( tcnj gk VA_CJT rcwjttcnwkwc}agjt kn {n _CW[AH ockn tka gk CNCDCADCN j A{`knwj gk Taharcj( j ockn q{k tkwrawk tc`yhk`knwk gk {na Wkncga Jrgcnarca. Q{cknkt dj`kn}arjn {wchc}angj ktwk wr`cnjyrkwkngan tc`yhk`knwk tkahar at ha gcfkrkndca knwrk t{ wdncda hcwrlcda s ahl{na jwra(ykrj( n{kva`knwk( vctwj q{k tc tk awknwara djnwra hj ktkndcah( tk yrjg{dcra {na a{wnwcdaC__KL[HA_CGAG( kt gkdcr( {na _[YW[_A DJN HA W_AGCDCN( yjr `t gcvkrtat jvarcjycnwat q{k y{kgan rkt{hwar wjgat ktat agaywadcjnkt( nj y{kgkn a fcn gk d{knwat tkr `tq{k TKD[NGA_CAT. Kn jwrat yahaorat( ha Cncdcadcn @atncda kt [NA TJHA( s yjrdjntkd{kndca( nj y{kgk eaohartk tcnj gk {n tjhj _CWJ @ATNCDJ( a{nq{k twk tkat{tdkywcohk gk agjywar dckrwat varcanwkt j TCTWK@AT.

[NCWCVJ= Atc`chagj ktwk y{nwj( tk dj`yrkngkr q{k ek`jt agjywagj kh njòrk gk_CWJ( nj yara djnfjràrnjt ah {tj lknkrah( tcnj yjrq{k kh q{k yrktknwa`jt nj kt [Ntctwkà kn yarwcd{har agaywagj a hat yrkfkrkndcat gk {njt yjdjt cngcvcg{jt( tcnj {natnwktct q{k rktdawa kh _CW[AH àtncdj wragcdcjnah( k cndh{sk ah `ct`j wck`yj aq{khhjtkhk`knwjt gkh Ekr`kwct`j s ha Daoahhkra @kgckvah q{k tk ean cgj cndh{skngj kn h a hjharlj gk ha ectwjrca yjr gcvkrtat ra}jnkt( ha yrcndcyah gk hat d{ahkt kt ha gktayarcdcn gk t{tfjràt wragcdcjnahkt yrjycat j ha c`yjtcochcgag gk yradwcdarhat tkyaraga`knwk.


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W_AGCDCJNAH= Ha yahaora Wragcdcn( yrjvcknk gkh hawn wragcwcj s tclncfcdaknwrkla j wrant`ctcn. NJ KT yjr hj wanwj tcnncà gk djtw{òrk( yahaora q{k yjtkkjwra kwc`jhjla s jwrj tclncfcdagj. Tk wrawa( anwk wjgj( gk ha wrat`ctcn gk {naCNFH[KNDCA KTYC_CW[AH a wravt gkh k`yhkj gk hjt _cwjt s `kgcanwk kh hknl{amk gk

hjt tòjhjt( q{k yjnk ah tkr e{ànj kn djnwadwj djn aq{khhj q{k hk rkoata

1?

( q{k hkrkdjng{dk ah `{ngj gk hjt Y_CNDCYCJT( kh yrc`krj gk hjt d{ahkt kt aq{h q{k ktgktclnagj kn ha @atjnkra dj`j kh L_AN A_Q[CWKDWJ GKH [NCVK_TJ( kt gkdcr( haCnwkhclkndca Drkagjra j kh Tkr T{yrk`j. Kh yrcndcycj gk ha W_AGCDCN djnwk`yha hankdktcgag gk {na DAGKNA gk wrant`ctcn CNCNWK__[@YCGA q{k yjnla kn djnwadwj ahtkr q{k ha rkdcok( djn hjt ktwagjt anwkrcjrkt a t{ djngcdcn e{àna( rk`jnwangj kh dcdhjgktdkngknwk gk ha àncfktwadcn cngcvcg{ah eatwa ha rktwa{radcn gkh ktwagj yrc`jrgcah jkgncdj s( gk ahh( a hjt ktwagjt t{ykrcjrkt j NJ-E[@ANJT( eatwa hjlrar fcnah`knwk haCGKNWCGAG djn kh Yrcndcycj `ct`j q{k kt kh vkrgagkrj J_CLKN gk gcdea dagkna.

Gk hj gcdej tk gkg{dk( y{kt( q{k NAGCK Y[KGK GA_ AQ[KHHJ Q[K NJ YJTKK( yjrhj d{ah( kn kh wkrrknj gk ha Wragcdcn( ah d{ah cngctd{wcohk`knwk ykrwknkdk ha @ATJNK_A(nagck y{kgk cnvknwar {n tctwkà j rcwj( wa`yjdj ktw ykr`cwcgj `jgcfcdar hj sakuctwknwk( `{dej `knjt awknwangj djnwra hjt `kgcjt q{k laranwc}an ha djnwcn{cgag gk haDAGKNA s eadkn yjtcohk ha W_ANT@CTCN( tcn ha d{ah( ktwara`jt kn yrktkndca gk ahljY_JFANJ s dj`yhkwa`knwk DA_KNWK GK VAHJ_. Khhj nj kudh{sk( tcn kòarlj(dckrwat yjtcochcgagkt gk AGAYWADCN a dcrd{ntwandcat gkwkr`cnagat gk wck`yj s gk h{larq{k( yjr kh djnwrarcj( hkmjt gk tkr cngktkaohkt( rkt{hwan cndh{tj nkdktarcat( yara eadkryjtcohk ha rkdkydcn gk ha `ctà yjr yarwk gk dckrwj lr{yj e{ànj kn {n `j`knwjktykdfcdj gk ha ectwjrca s kn h{lar lkjlrfcdj gkwkr`cnagj( ykrj( n{kva`knwk( khhj THJY[KGK TK_ HHKVAGJ A DAOJ YJ_ AQ[KHHJT Q[K YJTKKN HATEK__A@CKNWAT GK DJNJDC@CKNWJ W_AGCDCJNAH s HAT GKOCGATDJNTAL_ADCJNKT Q[K LA_ANWCDKN KH _KT[HWAGJ( NJ KT( YJ_ HJWANWJ [NA WA_KA Q[K Y[KGA KFKDW[A_ D[AHQ[CK_ CLNJ_ANWKC@Y_JVCTAGJyjr `{s ockn cnwkndcjnagj q{k tk tcknwa.

KTJW_CDJ= Kh _CWJ q{k yrktknwa`jt kt y{kt W_AGCDCJNAH s `tktykdfcda`knwk CNCDCWCDJ( gagj q{k kt nkdktarcj rkdjrgar q{k ha @atjnkra( agcfkrkndca gk hat _khclcjnkt( ykrwknkdk ah da`yj KTJW_CDJ gk ha Wragcdcn( kt gkdcr({n òcwj DK__AGJ s KHCWCTWA %kn kh tknwcgj q{k sa ek`jt yrkdctagj anwkt#( q{krkq{ckrk gk D[AHCFCDADCJNKT KTYKDCAHKT yara t{ cnlrktj( y{kt kn h tk o{tdayknkwrar( a wravt gkh DJNJDC@CKNWJ %Lnjtct# `t ahh gk ha dtdara j vktwc`knwakuwkrcjr gk q{k tk rkd{ork ha VK_GAG( yara ahdan}ar t{ `t y{ra KTKNDCA( skngj `tahh gk hat agaywadcjnkt yardcahkt gk wck`yj s h{lar( at dj`j gk ha FK q{kcngctd{wcohk`knwk ykrwknkdk ah KUJWK_CT@J kn lknkrah s a ha _KHCLCN kn yarwcd{har.

J_WJGJUJ= Ha J_WJGJUCA tk gkfcnk gktgk kh y{nwj gk vctwa Wragcdcjnah( dj`j khAD[K_GJ DJN HJT Y_CNDCYCJT( s aq{ eaoha`jt gk @KWAFTCDA( nj gk ytk{gj-yrcndcycjt yrkwkngcga`knwk `jrahkt j tjdcahkt( kn djntkd{kndca( kh _cwj Wragcdcjnah[ncfcdagj dj`j ahwkrnawcva gk _KDJNTW_[DDCN nj kt jwra djta q{k {n _KWJ_NJ a

1?Ktwj kt kuadwa`knwk hj q{k tk gktclna `kgcanwk kh wr`cnj tntdrcwjAYA_[TKSA( nj-e{ànj.


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hjt Yrcndcycjt q{k rclkn ha Wragcdcn kn lknkrah s ha Cncdcadcn s ha @atjnkra kn yarwcd{har.Nj tk wrawa gk vanat ktykd{hadcjnkt j rkdjntwr{ddcjnkt ecyjwwcdat( tcnj gk {n wraoamjTK_CJ gk CNVKTWCLADCN( KTW[GCJ s _KTDAWK gk hjt a{wnwcdjt yar`kwrjtCNCDCWCDJT s W_AGCDCJNAHKT kn q{k tk f{nga`knwk ha Cncdcadcn Jddcgknwah( tcnkudh{tcvct`jt gjl`wcdjt %dj`j jd{rrk djn dckrwjt rcwjt q{k tk yrkwkngkn kudh{tcva`knwk

drctwcanjt#( nc gngjhk ha ktyahga a ha rkahcgag ectwrcda s a hat agaywadcjnkt a hat q{k hatvcdctcw{gkt gkh jddcgknwk `jgkrnj ean johclagj( dj`j jd{rrk djn dckrwjt rcwjtyrkwkngcga`knwk jykrawcvjt q{k jhvcgan q{k ha @atjnkra( tckngj kh hwc`j gkytcwj gk haWragcdcn Jddcgknwah( kt aejra `{dej `t q{k {na tc`yhk ktd{kha gkh jfcdcj( y{kt( gk tkrat( nc tcq{ckra hjt gkfkntjrkt gk ktwa cgka( ykrwknkdkran a khha( -j adatj tjn ahoachkt:-...Q{krk`jt adharar q{k( a yktar gk q{k rkdjnjdk`jt s djntwanwk`knwk GKN[NDCA@JT aha @atjnkra ktykd{hawcva gk 1


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_ktykdwj a ha Cncdcadcn Fk`kncna( yara rktyahgarha N[NDA y{kgk aykhartk a halahanwkra( ha cl{ahgagj hjt gkrkdejt e{ànjt djtat Y_JFANAT q{k djntwcw{skn{n vkrgagkrj GKTAWCNJ kn kh da`yj cncdcwcdj s q{k djng{dcrn cnkvcwaohk`knwk yjr khda`cnj gkh krrjr a jwjrlar gk ànkra cngkocga k crrkl{har {na cncdcadcn @ATD[HCNA a`{mkrkt( hj q{k wrakr djntkd{kndcat L_AVKT yara WJGJT( wanwj yara q{cknkt ha

rkdcoan dj`j yara q{cknkt ha wrant`cwan( s ek`jt djhjdagj knwrk dj`chhat aòatyahaorat( yjrq{k tc`yhk`knwk NJ WCKNKN TKNWCGJ KN KTWK DJNWKUWJ( s va`jt akuyhcdarnjt ah rktykdwj.

Anwk wjgj( gkok`jt gkdcr( tcn ncnln lnkrj gk rjgkjt j ktdry{hjt( q{k ha @atjnkratwrcdwj tknt{ kt {na cncdcadcn @ATD[HCNA( ktwj nj ag`cwk gctd{tcn( s at ea tcgjrkdjnjdcgj andktwrah`knwk yjr ha a{wjrcgag wragcdcjnah djrrktyjngcknwk %s kt ktwj wjgj hjq{k c`yjrwa# Eadkr yatar a ha `{mkr yjr kh rcw{ah àtncdj NJ HK DJNFCK_K HACNCDCADCN( s ktwj kt at kn NJ C@YJ_WA D[AH TCTWK@A TK K@YHKK. Tj`jtknfwcdjt kn ktwj( y{kt eas q{cknkt yckntan krrnka`knwk q{k kuctwkn _cwjt @atncdjtFk`kncnjt j @cuwjt( -dj`j kh datj gkh _cwj Anwcl{j s Yrc`cwcvj gk @k`yect-@c}rac`-.Khhj tc`yhk`knwk NJ KT DCK_WJ( adkywar y{ra s tc`yhk`knwk a ha `{mkr( NJDJNVCK_WK KN @CUWJ a {n rcwj q{k kt jrclcnah`knwk àtd{hcnj( nj hj `jgcfcdas kn djntkd{kndca( gcdej rcwj TCL[K TCN WKNK_ NCNLN KFKDWJ CNCDCWCDJ (kt gkdcr KTYC_CW[AH( tjork hat `{mkrkt. Tcn kòarlj( gcdej rcw{ah t wkngr dckrwjtkfkdwjt YTQ[CDJT q{k afkdwarn nj thj a ha rkdcyckngarca( tcnj a ha Hjlca q{kcrrktyjntaohk`knwk hk ec}j yatar yjr gcdej rcwj

Djnwrarca`knwk a hj q{k yjgran ykntar hjt fanwatctwat s knw{tcatwat ockncnwkndcjnagjtykrj clnjranwkt q{k t{khkn tkr hjt `jwjrkt gk ktwat cncdcawcvat( hj q{k ek`jt gcdej knhwc`j h{lar NJ KT [NA NJWCDCA FKHC] yara t{t Hjlcat( nc yara khhjt( nc @[DEJ@KNJT yara hat `{mkrkt ytk{gj-àtjnkt( WJGJ HJ DJNW_A_CJ

Knwcngatk ockn= kn kh @KMJ_ gk hjt datjt( nj jd{rrcr NAGA( %nc o{knj nc àhj# djnhj d{ah( tc`yhk`knwk hat `{mkrkt tkl{crn tcn ktwar cncdcagat s ha Hjl eaor rkvkhagjcngkocga`knwk dckrwjt atykdwjt rcw{ahkt q{k nj yjgrn tkr k`yhkagjt vhcga`knwk yjr hat`{mkrkt a q{cknkt tk hk ean `jtwragj( y{kt rkt{hwan amknjt ah `{ngj yrjfanj. D{angj kttwk kh datj( hjt yarwcdcyanwkt kn ktwa avknw{ra C__KL[HA_ gkokn tknwcrtk afjrw{nagjt gkq{k nj easa `t rkykrd{tcjnkt q{k ha`knwar s( jovca`knwk( gkokrn AOANGJNA_ GKCN@KGCAWJ KTWK WCYJ GK CNCDCAWCVAT C__KL[HA_KT S YTK[GJ-CNCDCWCDAT.

Kn kh rktwj gk hjt datjt( -%gk ekdej( kn HA @ASJ_A gk hjt datjt#-( ktwk wcyj gk addcjnktwrakrn L_AVKT DJNTKD[KNDCAT. Kn yrc`kr h{lar yara ha @atjnkra dj`jcntwcw{dcn( y{kt at tk vkr cnvagcga yjr yrjfanjt q{k N[NDA _KDCOCK_JN HADAGKNA CNCDCWCDA( djn hj d{ah tk cr gkochcwangj daga vk} `t eatwa fcnah`knwkGKTAYA_KDK_ Hlcdj( y{kt ah yjnkr a djnvcvcr at kn t{ tknj a yrjfanjt kcncdcagjt `k}dhagjt s djnf{ngcgjt knwrk t( ah daoj gk yjdj wck`yj sa nj tk taor q{cn ktq{cn( s y{ktwj q{k NAGCK Y[KGK W_ANT@CWC_ HJ Q[K NJ YJTKK( ha_KL[HA_CGAG tk vkr lravk`knwk dj`yrj`kwcga( eatwa fcnah`knwk ykrgkrtk yjrdj`yhkwj Kt {n vkrgagkrj LJHYK @J_WAH a ha @atjnkra( ahlj q{k thj yjgrangktkar t{t YKJ_KT KNK@CLJT


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Nj thj ktj( waòcn eaor wk`cohkt djntkd{kndcat yara kh ytcq{ct`j cngcvcg{ah sdjhkdwcvj( wanwj gk hat rkdcyckngarcat dj`j gk hjt jykragjrkt. Gktgk kh y{nwj gk vctwaHjlcah( eaoha`jt gk ha addcn gk f{kr}at gctjhvknwkt q{k tk àncfktwar kuwkrcjr`knwk knha fjrà gk gktar`jna( ktyanwjtjt djnfhcdwjt( alrcat gctd{tcjnkt s gktavknkndcat(fraddcjna`cknwj s drkadcn gk yarwcgjt( adj`yaagjt gk nklhclkndca s gktcnwkrt yjr kh

at{nwj rkah`knwk cncdcwcdj( q{k dj`kn}arn yjr GKTVCA_ AN @T hjt jomkwcvjt gk haCntwcw{dcn s q{k wkr`cnarn fcnah`knwk yjr EADK_ A HA HJLCA AOAWC_DJH[@NAT kt gkdcr( GKTW_[C_HA.

Kn kh yhanj ykrtjnah %wanwj gk hat rkdcyckngarcat dj`j gk hjt jykragjrkt gkh rcw{ah#( njtrkfkrc`jt a lravkt gktrgknkt ytcdjhlcdjt( jotktcjnkt( dj`y{htcjnkt( yktagchhat( yrgcgagk ha `k`jrca( k cndh{tj( kn ahl{njt datjt kuwrk`jt( gktrgknkt fctcjhlcdjt q{k crn gktgktc`yhkt gjhjrkt gk daok}a s gktam{twkt lhang{harkt( eatwa djtat @[DEJ `t lravkt_kah`knwk nj kt ahlj a hj q{k vahla ha ykna kuyjnkrtk Oatwa tc`yhk`knwk djn_KDJ_GA_ %j q{c}t waòcn DJ@Y_KNGK_# q{k wrawngjtk gk {na Jrlanc}adcnCncdcwcda Wragcdcjnah _kl{har( t{t _CW[AHKT nj tjn vadat dkrk`jncat( nc rkq{ctcwjtfjràhkt darknwkt gk kfkdwcvcgag j tclncfcdagj( tcnj q{k tk wrawa gk vkrgagkrjt ADWJTTAL_AGJT q{k c`yhcdan TCK@Y_K ha yrktkndca gk {n khk`knwj NJ-E[@ANJ q{k knwrk jwrat djtat-( f{ndcjna waòcn dj`j D[TWJGCJ gk wahkt cntwcw{dcjnktTk vkdhara`knwk q{k nj kt ahlj djn hj q{k djnvknla c`yrjvctar

Tjork ktwk at{nwj gk ha Cncdcadcn fk`kncna kn Jddcgknwk( q{k kt rkah`knwk gkhcdagj sdj`yhkmj( drkk`jt aotjh{wa`knwk c`yrktdcngcohk aykhar a ha `t ahwa a{wjrcgag kn kh wkà(yjr hj d{ah( dcwark`jt {n HA_LJ yatamk( ykrj gk {na c`yjrwandca W_K@KNGA( kh d{ah(rkdj`knga`jt hkkr djn `{dea awkndcn s d{cgagj %kh rktahwagj kt n{ktwrj#=

%# ha gcvkrtcgag gk hjt `jgjt gk cncdcadcn( sa tka gk {na fjrà wragcdcjnah a jwra( sa tka kn khcnwkrcjr gk {na `ctà fjrà wragcdcjnah( wcknk yrkdcta`knwk dj`j `kwa rktyjngkr a ha gk hat

aywcw{gkt cngcvcg{ahkt2 kvcgknwk`knwk nj wkngra ncnl{na ra}n gk tkr tc {n `jgj ncdj y{gckradjnvkncr cl{ah`knwk a wjgjt aq{khhjt q{k ktwn( gk {na ànkra lknkrah( d{ahcfcdagjt yara rkdcocrha cncdcadcn. Y{ktwj q{k khhj nj kt at( daga jrlanc}adcn cncdcwcda gkokr wknkr t{ wdncdayarwcd{har( s nj yjgr ag`cwcr naw{rah`knwk `t q{k a aq{khhjt q{k tkan dayadkt gkdjnfjràrtk a khha s gk tadar gk khha {n oknkfcdcj kfkdwcvj( hj q{k t{yjnk( kn d{anwj a hatd{ahcfcdadcjnkt( ha ayhcdadcn gk wjgj {n djnm{nwj gk rklhat ktykdcahkt( vhcgat tjhj yara hajrlanc}adcn djntcgkraga( s q{k nj kudh{skn gk ncnln `jgj( yara aq{khhjt q{k tkan gktdarwagjtyjr ktj( ha yjtcochcgag gk kndjnwrar kn jwra yarwk {na cncdcadcn kq{cvahknwk( tck`yrk q{k yjtkanhat d{ahcfcdadcjnkt lknkrahkt q{k tjn ktwrcdwa`knwk cngctykntaohkt kn wjgjt hjt datjt . [nj gk hjtkmk`yhjt `t dharjt q{k tk y{kgkn gar a ktwk rktykdwj( kt kh ekdej gk q{k kuctwkn fjràt gkcncdcadcn q{k tjn kudh{tcva`knwk àtd{hcnat( `cknwrat q{k eas jwrat gjngk hat `{mkrkt y{kgkn

tkr ag`cwcgat cl{ah q{k hjt ejòrkt2 at y{kt( tk y{kgk gkdcr q{k kn ktj eas {na dckrwad{ahcfcdadcn q{k kt kuclcga kn {n datj s q{k nj hj kt kn kh jwrj( s q{k ktwa gcfkrkndca rktcgk kn hjt`jgjt yarwcd{harkt gk ha cncdcadcn gk q{k tk wrawk2 %# At( tc ha cncdcadcn àtncda kudh{skdjndrkwa`knwk a hat `{mkrkt %hj q{k( sa hj ek`jt gcdej( nj tclncfcda gk ncnl{na ànkra q{k twattkan cnaywat yara wjga cncdcadcn#( s waòcn a hjt ejòrkt q{k ktwn afkdwagjt gk ahl{natknfkr`kgagkt( ktj nj kt tc`yhk`knwk yjrq{k( anwcl{a`knwk( aq{khhjt q{k kran ag`cwcgjt kn khhagkoan tkr dayadkt gk wrantyjrwar lrangkt yktjt j gk t{ocr tjork hjt anga`cjt( dj`j ahl{njt hjatkl{ran djn {na gktdjndkrwanwk cnlkn{cgag2 kt yjrq{k( yara aq{khhjt q{k tjn at kudh{cgjt( ha


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cncdcadcn àtncda dj`j wah nj yjgra tkr vhcga( s t{t kfkdwjt tkran n{hjt yjr fahwa gkd{ahcfcdadcn.

_KN L[KNN. Ayrkdcadcjnkt tjork ha Cncdcadcn. Dayw{hj UCV( Tjork hat d{ahcfcdadcjnktcncdcwcdat

Cl{ah`knwk( kn jwra jora %ytw{à# s ktwa vk} kuyrkta`knwk gkgcdaga a ha @atjnkra s a haCncdcadcn Jddcgknwah( kndjnwra`jt ktwk dayw{hj q{k( gkocgj a t{ ykrwcnkndca( njt vk`jtkn ha johcladcn gk dcwar NWKL_A@KNWK rktahwangj hjt y{nwjt `t c`yjrwanwkt rktykdwjah wkà=

Tk njt ea gcdej rkykwcgat vkdkt q{k( kn hat fjràt wragcdcjnahkt jddcgknwahkt adw{ah`knwkt{otctwknwkt( yarkdkra nj eaokr ncnl{na yjtcochcgag gk dardwkr cncdcwcdj yara hat `{mkrkt=`{dejt tk yrkl{nwan d{hkt y{kgkn tkr hat ra}jnkt gk wah ktwagj gk djtat( q{k kt dckrwa`knwk`{s ha`knwaohk( ykrj q{k tcn g{ga tkra `{s gcfdch gk rk`kgcar. Agk`t ktwj gkokra hhkvar a harkfhkucn a hjt q{k tk càlcnan q{k Jddcgknwk ea jwjrlagj a ha `{mkr {n tcwcah yrcvchklcagj q{k njea tcgj ma`t hjlragj kn ncnl{na jwra dcvchc}adcn. Wah vk} tka vkrgag kn dckrwjt atykdwjt( ykrj

ktykdcah`knwk kn kh tknwcgj gk q{k Jddcgknwk( kn hjt wck`yjt `jgkrnjt( ha t{twramj gk t{ yaykhnjràh ykr`cwcngjhk addkgkr a f{ndcjnkt q{k gkokran ykrwknkdkr kudh{tcva`knwk ah ejòrk( gkànkra q{k ktwa`jt aq{ kn yrktkndca gk jwrj datj yarwcd{har gkh gktjrgkn gk n{ktwra yjda.Gktgk jwrjt y{nwjt gk vctwa `t hklwc`jt( ha `{mkr kn Jddcgknwk( yjr kh djnwrarcj( tk knd{knwra kn{na tcw{adcn `{dej `t gktvknwamjta q{k kn kh datj gk hat dcvchc}adcjnkt jrcknwahkt( kn hat d{ahktyarwcd{har`knwk hk ea tcgj tck`yrk yjtcohk kndjnwrar {na cncdcadcn q{k hk djnvcnckra( tck`yrk sd{angj yjtkskra hat d{ahcfcdadcjnkt rkq{krcgat. At yjr kmk`yhj( ha cncdcadcn cth`cda ea tcgjtck`yrk addktcohk a hat `{mkrkt( hj q{k( gcl`jthj gk yatj( kt t{fcdcknwk yara rkf{war ahl{njtaot{rgjt q{k kn K{rjya tk adjtw{òra a awrco{cr ah Ctha`.

Vjhvckngj ah `{ngj jddcgknwah( ktw dharj q{k nj njt rkfkrc`jt aq{ a ha Anwclkgag( d{angj djn

wjga tkl{rcgag kuctwckrjn cncdcadcjnkt fk`kncnat s gjngk cndh{tj ahl{nat hj kran kudh{sknwkt gkhjt varjnkt( at dj`j e{oj jwrat kudh{tcva`knwk àtd{hcnat. Ykrj d{h kra ha tcw{adcn kn kh@kgcjkvj: Tcn g{ga nj kt c`yjtcohk q{k hat `{mkrkt easan tcgj ag`cwcgat kn ktk knwjndkt knahl{nat jrlanc}adcjnkt yjtkkgjrat gk {na cncdcadcn yrjyca gkh ktjwkrct`j drctwcanj( k cndh{tjkhhj kt ykrfkdwa`knwk vkrjt`ch2 ykrj dj`j wahkt jrlanc}adcjnkt ktwn knwrk aq{khhat gk hat q{ksa gktgk eadk `{dej wck`yj nj q{kgan ratwrjt( kt `{s gcfdch wrawar gk hat `ctàt djn dkrwk}a syrkdctcn s( kn wjgj datj( kt `{s yjtcohk q{k nj e{ocktk n{nda `t q{k yjtcochcgagkt `{srktwrcnlcgat. Kn d{anwj a ha cncdcadcn daoahhkrktda( kt `t q{k kvcgknwk q{k yjr t{ `ctànaw{rahk}a nj yjgra aotjh{wa`knwk djnvkncr a hat `{mkrkt. Hj `ct`j y{kgk gkdcrtk rktykdwj ahat cncdcadcjnkt gk jfcdcj( j ah `knjt gk hat `t c`yjrwanwkt knwrk khhat s gk aq{khhat q{k( gk {na {jwra ànkra( tk djnwcn{arjn eatwa n{ktwrjt gat. twa kt yrkdcta`knwk ha ra}n vkrgagkra gk haa{tkndca gk wjga cncdcadcn fk`kncna kn kh Jddcgknwk adw{ah= wjgat hat q{k t{otctwkn tk oatanktkndcah`knwk tjork jfcdcjt d{sj kmkrdcdcj ykrwknkdk kudh{tcva`knwk a hjt ejòrkt( s kt twadj`j gkda`jt ha ra}n yjr ha q{k nj vk`jt `{s ockn d`j yjgra t{ykrartk wan fatwcgcjtahal{na( a `knjt q{k tk knd{knwrk ahln ga kh `kgcj gk rkahc}ar {na ecywktct q{k yata`jt adjntcgkrar a djnwcn{adcn. Taok`jt ockn q{k ahl{njt gk n{ktwrjt djnwk`yjrnkjt ean ykntagjq{k kn kh datj kn kh d{ah kh kmkrdcdcj kfkdwcvj gk {n jfcdcj easa gktayarkdcgj( ha kudh{tcn gk hat`{mkrkt gk ha cncdcadcn djrrktyjngcknwk eaoa ykrgcgj yjr khhj `ct`j t{ ra}n gk tkr2 ykrj ktj kt{n vkrgagkrj tcntknwcgj( y{kt ha cncdcadcn nj ktw yjr khhj daòcaga( s( dj`j ek`jt sa kuyhcdagjkn jwrj h{lar( ktwk krrjr c`yhcda {n wjwah gktdjnjdc`cknwj gkh tclncfcdagj s gkh rkah ahdandk gk hat


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d{ahcfcdadcjnkt cncdcwcdat. Dj`j gkda`jt knwjndkt( ha djnkucn djn kh jfcdcj( wjwah`knwkcngkykngcknwk gk t{ kmkrdcdcj kuwkrcjr( ykrànkdk cntdrcwa nkdktarca`knwk kn ha fjrà `ctà gkha cncdcadcn( s kn aq{khhj q{k ha daradwkrc}a s djntwcw{sk ktkndcah`knwk dj`j wah( gk `jgj q{k knncnln datj yjgra tkr vhcga yara q{cknq{ckra q{k nj f{kra aywj yara kmkrdkr kh jfcdcj knd{ktwcn. Naw{rah`knwk( njt ktwa`jt rkfcrckngj kn yarwcd{har a ha @atjnkra( sa q{k yjr hj q{keadk ah Dj`yakra}lj %Dj`yalnjnnalk#( kh kmkrdcdcj gkh jfcdcj nj ea gkmagj ma`t gkdjntcgkrartk dj`j djngcdcn cngctykntaohk2 yjr hj gk`t nj djnjdk`jt ncnln jwrj kmk`yhj gk{na gktvcadcn gk ktwk wcyj `t q{k ha /@atjnkra `cuwa/( q{k yjr wah ra}n nj yjgr n{nda tkrdjntcgkraga /rkl{har/ yjr nagck q{k ah `knjt dj`yrknga `ncà`knwk hjt yrcndcycjt gk ha@atjnkra. Kn kh fjngj ha kuctwkndca gk ktwa /@atjnkra @cuwa/ %j Dj-@atjnrs dj`j tk hagknj`cna kn hjt yatkt gk eaoha cnlhkta# djntwcw{sk tc`yhk`knwk {na wknwawcva gk cnwrjg{dcr kn khòcwj cncdcwcdj `ct`j( q{k yjr tjork d{ahq{ckr jwrj gkokra ktwar kuknwj gk khha( aq{khhadjndkydcn /cl{ahcwarca/ q{k( rke{skngj vkr hat gcfkrkndcat gk ha naw{rahk}a kuctwknwkt knwrk hjttkrkt( hhkla eatwa awrco{cr a hat `{mkrkt {na f{ndcn yrjyca`knwk àtd{hcna( s q{k ktw agk`tàncfcktwa`knwk kn ha ra} gk wjgj kh /fk`cnct`j/ djnwk`yjrnkj.Aejra ockn( kh yrjohkà q{k tk yhanwka kt kh tcl{cknwk= yjr q{ wjgjt hjt jfcdcjt q{k ktwncndh{cgjt kn kh Dj`yakra}lj tjn kudh{tcva`knwk varjnchkt( s yjr q{ ncnln jfcdcj fk`kncnj

yarkdk eaokr gagj jrclkn a {na cncdcadcn gk ktwk wcyj: A gkdcr vkrgag kt twa {na d{ktwcnoatwanwk dj`yhkma s nj yrkwkngk`jt rktjhvkrha yjr knwkrj aq{2 gkmangj gk hagj ha cnvktwcladcngk djnwcnlkndcat ectwrcdat cnwkrvcncknwkt( gcrk`jt tjha`knwk q{k y{kgk eaokr dckrwat gcfcd{hwagktyarwcd{harkt( gk hat d{ahkt {na gk hat yrcndcyahkt yjtcohk`knwk tk gkoa ah ekdej q{k( gktgk kh y{nwjgk vctwa wragcdcjnah( hjt jfcdcjt fk`kncnjt gkokn njràh`knwk kmkrdkrtk kn data( s nj dj`j kn khdatj gk hjt àtd{hcnjt( f{kra gk khha. Tcn kòarlj( {na gcfcd{hwag gk ktwk wcyj nj kt cnt{ykraohk( syjgra tjha`knwk rkq{krcr ahl{nat `jgahcgagkt ktykdcahkt kn ha djntwcw{dcn gk {najrlanc}adcn cncdcwcda2 s( yjr jwra yarwk( nj eas g{ga ahl{na gk q{k eas jfcdcjt fk`kncnjtykrfkdwa`knwk t{tdkywcohkt gk tkrvcr gk tjyjrwk yara {na cncdcadcn. Yjgk`jt dcwar( a ww{hj gkkmk`yhj( kh wkmcgj( gkh d{ah ek`jt kuy{ktwj kn {na gk n{ktwrat jorat t{ tcòjhct`jyarwcd{har`knwk c`yjrwanwk2 ktwk jfcdcj kt agk`t gk hjt q{k y{kgkn kmkrdkrtk a ha vk} yjr

ejòrkt s yjr `{mkrkt2 dj`j kmk`yhj gk {n jfcdcj `t kudh{tcva`knwk fk`kncnj( dcwark`jt khojrgagj( ah q{k tk rkfckrkn gcrkdwa`knwk hat djntcgkradcjnkt tjork kh tcòjhct`j gk ha al{ma( gkhq{k sa ek`jt eaohagj kn gcvkrtat jdatcjnkt( at dj`j ahl{nat gk hat q{k djndckrnkn ah twrw`.Kt fdch knwkngkr d`j yjgr eaokr yjr ktwk hagj( kn yrcndcycj ah `knjt( yjtcochcgagkt gkcncdcadcn fk`kncna q{k nj tkran gktgkaohkt2 ykrj gkdc`jt kn yrcndcycj yjrq{kgktafjrw{naga`knwk( kn hat djngcdcjnkt adw{ahkt( nj eas gk ekdej ncnl{na wrant`ctcna{wnwcda q{k ykr`cwa rkahc}ar wahkt yjtcochcgagkt2 s nj njt dantark`jt gk rkykwcr( vctwj q{k tkwrawa gk ahlj q{k `{dejt yarkdkn ykrgkr tck`yrk gk vctwa( q{k a fahwa gk wah wrant`ctcn nj y{kgkeaokr cncdcadcn vahcga( sa q{k twa nj y{kgk tkr gk ncnl{na ànkra djntwcw{cga yjr cncdcawcvatcngcvcg{ahkt q{k( d{ahktq{ckra q{k tkan( nj y{kgkn( yjr t tjhat( jrclcnar tcnj {na ytk{gj-cncdcadcn( y{ktwj q{k fahwa nkdktarca`knwk kh khk`knwj t{yra-e{ànj( vahk gkdcr( ha cnfh{kndcaktycrcw{ah.

Gk wjgjt `jgjt yjgra wah vk} knwrkvkrtk {na tjh{dcn djntcgkrangj hj tcl{cknwk= hjt jfcdcjt q{kykrwknkdkn ah Dj`yakra}lj w{vckrjn tck`yrk( eaocga d{knwa gk t{t afcncgagkt `t yarwcd{harkt(ha fad{hwag gk afchcar wahkt j d{ahkt jfcdcjt( s djnfkrcr a twjt {na cncdcadcn gk ha q{k anwktdarkdan( cncdcadcn q{k kt rkl{har yjr kh ekdej `ct`j gk tkr {na agaywadcn gk {na cncdcadcnyrkkuctwknwk= nj eaora ahln jfcdcj q{k tka t{tdkywcohk gk kfkdw{ar wah wrant`ctcn djn rkhadcn agkwkr`cnagjt jfcdcjt fk`kncnjt: Kh at{nwj nj yarkdk knwkra`knwk c`yjtcohk( s q{c} nj darkdk gkanwkdkgknwkt kn kh yatagj. Tcn kòarlj nj eas q{k jd{hwar q{k eaora lrangkt gcfcd{hwagktrktykdwj gk ha nkdktarca agaywadcn( q{k kvcgknwk`knwk kt `{dej `t gkhcdaga q{k tc tk wrawara


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gk jfcdcjt àtd{hcnjt= gngk yjgran kndjnwrartk ejs ejòrkt t{fcdcknwk`knwk dj`ykwknwktdj`j yara hjlrar wah agaywadcn kn {n ktyrcw{ rcl{rjta`knwk wragcdcjnah s l{argngjtk gkcnwrjg{dcr ha `knjr fanwata q{k arrcktlara dj`yrj`kwkr ha vahcgk} gk ha cncdcadcn wrat`cwcga :Gk d{ahq{ckr ànkra( nj yjgk`jt jovca`knwk eadkr jwra djta q{k fjr`{har {na t{lkrkndca( saq{k nj njt wjda a njtjwrjt cr `t hkmjt kn ktwk tknwcgj2 ykrj j`jt wan frkd{knwk`knwk gkyhjrarha cnkuctwkndca gk {na cncdcadcn fk`kncna jddcgknwahq{k njt ea yarkdcgj q{k vaha ha ykna cngcdarah `knjt hj q{k( kn ktwk jrgkn( njt yarkda djntwcw{cr ha ncda yjtcochcgag adw{ah`knwkt{otctwknwk.

_KN L[KNN. Ktw{gcjt tjork ha Frandàtjnkra s kh Dj`yalnjnnalk. Yarwk CC(Dayw{hj CCC= CNCDCADCN FK@KNCNA K CNCDCADCJNKT GK JFCDCJ

A yrjytcwj gk ktwk arwd{hj( kn djndjrgandca djn hj sa kuy{ktwj kn kh dayw{hj UCV gk t{hcorj Ayrkdcadcjnkt tjork ha Cncdcadcn( kn rkfkrkndca a hat yjtcochcgagkt cncdcwcdat knjddcgknwk( yarkdckra q{k nj eas yjtcochcgagkt yara ha CNCDCADCN FK@KNCNA2 Tcnkòarlj( ha hwcà yahaora t{orasaga kn kh wkuwj kt ha `t c`yjrwanwk gk wjgat=ADW[AH@KNWK kn kfkdwj( dj`j kh `ct`j L{knn datc yrjfwcda`knwk ktdrcoa knjwrj hcorj %Jrcknwk s Jddcgknwk#( gktgk knwjndkt ean ayarkdcgj jwrat yjtcochcgagkt s ktgk khhat q{k gark`jt d{knwa gk cn`kgcawj=

Ktwj( KNWCNGATK OCKN( nj tclncfcda q{k nj ktwk`jt gk ad{krgj djn L{knn adkrda gkktwk wkà2 AH DJNW_A_CJ( HJ KTWA@JT kn {n 199+( tjork wjgj( kn ha yarwk kn q{k h`ct`j rkdjnjdk s ktykdcfcda q{k( NJ K_A T[ F[NDCN gar rkty{ktwa dj`yhkwa akta d{ktwcn. Gkok yrktwartk ktykdcah awkndcn ah yhanwka`cknwj fjr`{hagj kn kh hwc`jyrrafj( kn ktykdcah a hat yjrdcjnkt q{k ek`jt rktahwagj kn àstd{hat Y{kt ockn( ktwatyahaorat( djn wjgj t{ YKTJ KTYKDFCDJ( f{krjn ktdrcwat kn m{hcj-aljtwj gk 1375...

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WJD C_ @T HKMJT KN KTWK TKNWCGJ -dj`j gkda L{knn-( s kn djntkd{kndca(t{yckrjn aorcr kh da`cnj YA_A JW_JT s kn ktwk datj( t daok( JW_AT( tcn kljt`jt jcngcvcg{ahct`jt tkdktcjnctwat( djn ykrfkdwj DJNJDC@CKNWJ GK DA[TA( tcnfanwatàljrat jd{hwctwjcgkt( kn {n KTY_CW[ _CL[_JTA@KNWK W_AGCDCJNAH kCNCDCWCDJ q{k( -a{nq{k a ahl{njt hkt yktk-( kt C@Y_KTDCNGCOHK kn ha

@ATJNK_A2 aorckngj yjtcochcgagkt q{k dckrwa`knwk- ANWKT nj ktwaoan gctyjncohktyara Jddcgknwk Ktk @aktwrj EOCH( T{ykrcjr Gktdjnjdcgj( Daoahhkrj Oknkfadwjr gk haDc{gag Tanwa( Lran Yrjfktj( @aktwrj gk Qaoahe( Yawrcarda Lntwcdj( Lran CntykdwjrLknkrah gkh 44( Yrndcyk Yawrcarda Lran Djntkrvagjr Lknkrah gk ha Jrgkn( TjokranjYrndcyk gk hjt Mkfkt gkh Tanw{arcj gk @k`yect( Lran s Yjgkrjtj Tjokranj C`ykrcah gk haJrgkn Lragj 3;( Lran_a{-Drjcu sAhoanac` gkwknwjr gk ha tchtch gkh Wa}a|{f( a q{ckn

djn vkrgagkrj a`jr fchcah gkgcda`jt n{ktwrj yrjycj wraoamj s ayjrwk( nj kt jwrj q{k kh Ch s

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TJH[DCN AH Y_JOHK@A GK HA CNCDCADCN FK@KNCNA KN JDDCGKNWK

A{nangj wjgj hj gcdej a hj harlj gk n{ktwra kuyjtcdcn( kt yjtcohk vct{ahc}ar ha ahwkrnawcvadjrrkdwa( ha d{ah rkt{hwa eatwa dckrwj y{nwj JOVCA A djnwcn{adcn ha kuyhcdark`jt=

1- HA CNCDCADCN( at( djn àstd{hat( kt( -hj rkykwc`jt-( [NA TJHA( dj`j haW_AGCDCN s HA VK_GAG( hj q{k nj c`ycgk q{k y{kgan kuctwcr gctwcnwatkuyrktcjnkt fjràhkt j `kwjgjhlcdat.

?- Hat wragcdcjnkt jrcknwahkt( dj`j kh T{fct`j s kh Waj( gctykntan fjràt gkcncdcadcn q{k nj ktwn kn djnfhcdwj djn kh lnkrj gkh rkdcyckngarcj( vahk gkdcr( tjn@CUWAT.

4- Oatwara djn cncdcar a {na `{mkr kn {na gk ktwat fjràt. T{ CNCDCADCN ktwaraF[K_A GK WJGA G[GA s dj`j sa hj ek`jt gcdej( yjtkkra {n dardwkr[NCVK_TAH k C@OJ__AOHK.

7- [na vk} CNCDCAGA( naga c`ycgk q{k ha `{mkr tk AFCHCK a ha @atjnkra( kt gkdcr(tk vcnd{hk YTQ[CDA@KNWK ah djry{t gk {na Hjlca( y{kt sa nj tk wrawa gkdjnfkrcrhk {na cnfh{kndca ktycrcw{ah( q{k sa ea rkdcocgj 14 . Djn khhj tk eaorat{ykragj kh ktdjhhj q{k rkyrktknwa kh ekdej gk q{k hat cncdcadcjnkt gk jfcdcj ankuctwknwkt kn jddcgknwk tkan kudh{tcva`knwk àtd{hcnat.

;- Njtjwrjt `ct`jt ek`jt rkdjnjdcgj anwkt kn n{ktwra kuyjtcdcn q{k hjt kfkdwjtYTQ[CDJT gkh _cwj kuctwkn -yktk a wjgj- kn djtat ah ktwchj gkh _cwj gkh GkrkdejE{ànj( j kn ha ayhcdadcn cngkocga a hat `{mkrkt gkh _cwj Ktdjdt Anwcl{j sAdkywagj j kh _cwj Anwcl{j s Yrc`cwcvj gk @k`yect-@c}rac` -%j d{ahq{ckr jwrj(q{k nj ktwara `knjt F[K_A GK H[LA_#-( ykrj aejra( ha gcfkrkndca gk hj q{kyrjyjnk`jt rktykdwj a ha ytk{gj-cncdcadcn GC_KDWA( kt q{k tkr {na `{mkr

SA CNCDCAGA q{ckn yatar yjr kh rcw{ah( kh d{ah adw{ar knwjndkt dj`j {naAFCHCADCN s nj dj`j {na CNCDCADCN( kt gkdcr( q{k thj hjt kfkdwjtYTQ[CDJT tkrn hjt q{k d{knwkn.

6- Kt f{nga`knwah wknkr kn d{knwa q{k ktwa yjtcochcgag c`yhcda gk wjgat ànkrat q{k khrcw{ah gkok tkr am{twagj wdncda`knwk djn ahl{nat `jgcfcdadcjnkt `tdntjnat djn ha naw{rahk}a fk`kncna. Jovca`knwk( dj`j ha `{mkr yjtkk {nadjnfcl{radcn ytq{cda dj`yhk`knwarca a ha gkh ejòrk( oatwar djn AGAYWA_ ha`kwjgjhjla kudh{tcva`knwk yara awkngkr hjt y{nwjt kn hjt q{k kuctwkn a{wnwcdatGCFK_KNDCAT( am{twngjhjt a hat nkdktcgagkt kuyrktat. Tk vk( tcn kòarlj( q{k

ktwj nj kt ahlj q{k y{kga tkr ekdej yjr d{ahq{ckra( tcnj djn {n yrjf{ngjdjnjdc`cknwj WDNCDJ gkh _CW[AH( gkh TC@OJHCT@J s gk t{t kuwkntcjnktyrdwcdat s jykrawcvat

14Ktwa yjtcochcgag kt dj`yhkwa`knwk CNNKLAOHK( y{kt kt kuadwa`knwk k

EL RITO TRADICIONAL UNIFICADO

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