Opportunities with Multilateral Development Banks Asian ......2016/12/10 · 1 Opportunities with...

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Opportunities with Multilateral Development Banks Opportunities with Multilateral Development Banks Asian Development Bank ExperienceAsian Development Bank Experience

Sebastian W. BauerSebastian W. BauerDr Dr èès sc. techn. EPFLs sc. techn. EPFL

Tel/Fax: +41 (056) 426 42 34Tel/Fax: +41 (056) 426 42 34EE--Mail: Mail: [email protected][email protected]@[email protected]

http://http://mypagemypage..bluewinbluewin..chch/Dr.sc.techn.S.W.Bauer/Dr.sc.techn.S.W.Bauer

formerlyformerly

Asian Development BankAsian Development Bank

mailto:[email protected]


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SummarySummaryPurpose of Multilateral Development BanksPurpose of Multilateral Development Banks

Which ones exist and who are their partnersWhich ones exist and who are their partnersOperationsOperations

Internal OperationsInternal OperationsOpportunitiesOpportunitiesRecruitmentRecruitmentSalariesSalariesBenefitsBenefits

External OperationsExternal OperationsOpportunities, Recruitment, etc.Opportunities, Recruitment, etc.

ConsultantsConsultantsContractorsContractorsSuppliersSuppliers

Performance of European CountriesPerformance of European Countries at ADBat ADBPerformance of particular Country of InterestPerformance of particular Country of Interest at ADBat ADB

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Multilateral Development BanksMultilateral Development Banks

Broad membership, including bothBroad membership, including both

Borrowing developingBorrowing developing countriescountries

Developed donorDeveloped donor countriescountries

Not limitedNot limited to member countries from the to member countries from the region of a regional region of a regional development bankdevelopment bank

They are They are notnot "banks" in the strict sense, but"banks" in the strict sense, but ratherrather

development organizationsdevelopment organizations

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Multilateral Development BanksMultilateral Development Banksprovide financial support and provide financial support and professional adviceprofessional advice for economic for economic and social development activities in developing countriesand social development activities in developing countriesthroughthrough

LongLong--term loansterm loans, based on , based on market interestmarket interest; for funding ; for funding these loans the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) these loans the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) borrow on the international capital markets and reborrow on the international capital markets and re--lend to lend to borrowing governments in developing countriesborrowing governments in developing countries

Very longVery long--term loansterm loans (often termed credits), with (often termed credits), with interest interest well below market interestwell below market interest,, funded through direct funded through direct contributions from governments in donor countriescontributions from governments in donor countries

Grant financingGrant financing offered by some MDBs, mostly for offered by some MDBs, mostly for technical technical assistanceassistance, , advisory servicesadvisory services or or project preparationproject preparation

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Multilateral Development BanksMultilateral Development BanksWorld Bank Group (World Bank Group (WBWB)),, Washington DCWashington DC, USA, USA

The African Development BankThe African Development Bank ((AfDBAfDB), ), AbidjanAbidjan, , CCôôte te d'Ivoired'Ivoire; ; andand Tunis Belvedere, TunisiaTunis Belvedere, Tunisia

The Asian Development BankThe Asian Development Bank ((ADBADB), Manila, Philippines), Manila, Philippines

The The European Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentEuropean Bank for Reconstruction and Development((EBRDEBRD), ), LondonLondon, , United KingdomUnited Kingdom

The InterThe Inter--American American Development Bank GroupDevelopment Bank Group ((IDBIDB--IADBIADB), ), Washington DCWashington DC, USA, USA

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World Bank Group (WB)World Bank Group (WB)WB is one of the WB is one of the United NationsUnited Nations’’ specialized agenciesspecialized agencies, and is , and is made up of 184 made up of 184 member countriesmember countries and consists of five closely and consists of five closely associated institutionsassociated institutions

The term "World Bank" is commonly The term "World Bank" is commonly applied toapplied to

International Bank for Reconstruction and International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentDevelopment

International Development AssociationInternational Development Association

Other WB institutions areOther WB institutions are

International Finance CorporationInternational Finance Corporation

Multilateral Investment Guarantee AgencyMultilateral Investment Guarantee Agency

International Centre for Settlement of Investment DisputesInternational Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes

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World Bank Group (WB)World Bank Group (WB)International Bank for Reconstruction and International Bank for Reconstruction and

Development (Development (IBRDIBRD) ) Conceived 1945 in Bretton Conceived 1945 in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire Woods, New Hampshire -- 184 Members184 Members

IBRDIBRD aims to reduce poverty in aims to reduce poverty in middlemiddle--incomeincome and and creditworthy poorer creditworthy poorer countriescountries by promoting sustainable development, through loans, by promoting sustainable development, through loans, guarantees, and guarantees, and nonlendingnonlending——including including analyticalanalytical and and advisoryadvisory——servicesservices

IBRD does not maximize profit but has earned a net income each yIBRD does not maximize profit but has earned a net income each year ear since 1948. Its since 1948. Its profitsprofits fundfund several several developmental activitiesdevelopmental activities and and ensureensurefinancial strengthfinancial strength enabling lowenabling low--cost borrowings in capital markets on good cost borrowings in capital markets on good terms for borrowing clientsterms for borrowing clients

OwnedOwned by by member countriesmember countries, IBRD , IBRD links voting powerlinks voting power to to membersmembers’’ capitalcapitalsubscriptionssubscriptions——in turn in turn basedbased on a on a countrycountry’’s relative economic strengths relative economic strength

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World Bank Group (WB)World Bank Group (WB)International Development Association (International Development Association (IDAIDA) )

Established 1960 Established 1960 -- 164 Members164 Members

Contributions to Contributions to IDAIDA enable the World Bank to provide $7 billion per year in enable the World Bank to provide $7 billion per year in interestinterest--free creditsfree credits to the worldto the world’’s 81 s 81 poorest countriespoorest countries, home to 2.5 billion , home to 2.5 billion peoplepeople

IDA IDA supportsupport is is vitalvital because these countries have because these countries have littlelittle or or no capacityno capacity totoborrow on market termsborrow on market terms. In most of these countries incomes average under . In most of these countries incomes average under just $500 a year per person, and many people survive on much lesjust $500 a year per person, and many people survive on much lesss

IDA IDA providesprovides accessaccess to better to better basic servicesbasic services (such as education, health (such as education, health care, and clean water and sanitationcare, and clean water and sanitation, etc., etc.) and ) and supports reformssupports reforms and and investmentsinvestments aimed at aimed at productivity growthproductivity growth and and employment creationemployment creation

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World Bank Group (WB)World Bank Group (WB)International Finance Corporation (International Finance Corporation (IFCIFC) )

Established 1956 Established 1956 -- 175 Members175 Members

IFCIFC’’ss mandate is to mandate is to further economic developmentfurther economic developmentthrough the through the private sectorprivate sector

IFC works with IFC works with business partnersbusiness partners, invests in , invests in sustainable private enterprisessustainable private enterprisesin developing countries and provides longin developing countries and provides long--term loans, guarantees, and risk term loans, guarantees, and risk management and advisory services to its clientsmanagement and advisory services to its clients

IFC invests in projects in regions and sectors IFC invests in projects in regions and sectors underserved by private underserved by private investmentinvestment and finds new ways to develop promising opportunities and finds new ways to develop promising opportunities in in markets deemed too risky by commercial investors in the absence markets deemed too risky by commercial investors in the absence of IFC of IFC participationparticipation

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World Bank GroupWorld Bank Group (WB)(WB)Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency

((MIGAMIGA) ) Established 1988Established 1988 -- 163 Members163 Members

MIGA helps MIGA helps encourage foreign investmentencourage foreign investment in developing countries by in developing countries by providing guarantees to foreign investorsproviding guarantees to foreign investors against losses caused by against losses caused by noncommercial risks, such as expropriation, currency inconvertibnoncommercial risks, such as expropriation, currency inconvertibility and ility and transfer restrictions, and war and civil disturbancestransfer restrictions, and war and civil disturbances

MIGA provides MIGA provides technical assistancetechnical assistance to help countries disseminate to help countries disseminate information on investment opportunitiesinformation on investment opportunities

The agency also The agency also offers investment dispute mediationoffers investment dispute mediation on requeston request

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World Bank GroupWorld Bank Group (WB)(WB)International Centre for Settlement of International Centre for Settlement of

Investment DisputesInvestment Disputes ((ICSIDICSID) ) Established Established 1966 1966 -- 139 Members139 Members

ICSID helps to ICSID helps to encourage foreign investmentencourage foreign investment by providing by providing international international facilities for conciliation and arbitrationfacilities for conciliation and arbitration of investment disputes, in this way of investment disputes, in this way helping to foster an atmosphere of mutual confidence between stahelping to foster an atmosphere of mutual confidence between states and tes and foreign investorsforeign investors

Many international agreements concerning investment refer toMany international agreements concerning investment refer to ICSIDICSID’’ssarbitration facilitiesarbitration facilities

ICSID also has research and publishing activities in the areas oICSID also has research and publishing activities in the areas of arbitration f arbitration law and foreign investment lawlaw and foreign investment law

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World Bank Group (WB)World Bank Group (WB)PartnersPartners

International OrganizationsInternational Organizations

Bilateral Development AgenciesBilateral Development AgenciesEuropean Union (European Union (EUEU))Foundations Foundations [[e.g. Aga Khan Foundatione.g. Aga Khan Foundation ((AKFAKF)])]International Monetary Fund (International Monetary Fund (IMFIMF))Multilateral Development BanksMultilateral Development BanksUnited Nations (United Nations (UNUN))World Trade Organization (World Trade Organization (WTOWTO))

World Bank Institute (World Bank Institute (WBIWBI))

WBI, which supports the Bank's learning and knowledge WBI, which supports the Bank's learning and knowledge agenda, fosters a wide range of institutional partnerships agenda, fosters a wide range of institutional partnerships

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World Bank GroupWorld Bank Group (WB)(WB)PartnersPartners

Bilateral Development AgenciesBilateral Development AgenciesAustralian Agency for International Development (Australian Agency for International Development (AusAIDAusAID))Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)Danish Development Agency (DANIDA)Danish Development Agency (DANIDA)Dep't for Int'l Development Cooperation (Finland)Dep't for Int'l Development Cooperation (Finland)Agence FranAgence Franççaise de Daise de Dééveloppementveloppement (A(AFFD)D)DeutscheDeutsche Gesellschaft Gesellschaft ffüürr Technische ZusammenarbeitTechnische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH(GTZ) GmbHIrish AidIrish AidJapan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)Kreditanstalt Kreditanstalt ffüürr WiederaufbauWiederaufbau (KFW)(KFW)Netherlands Development CooperationNetherlands Development CooperationNew Zealand Official Development Assistance (NZODA)New Zealand Official Development Assistance (NZODA)Norwegian Agency for Development CooperationNorwegian Agency for Development CooperationSwedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDASIDA))Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)U.K. Department for International Development (U.K. Department for International Development (DFIDDFID))U.S. Agency for International Development (U.S. Agency for International Development (USAIDUSAID))

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World Bank Group (WB)World Bank Group (WB)International Monetary FundInternational Monetary Fund ((IMFIMF) ) Conceived 1944 Conceived 1944

in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire -- 184 Members184 Members

The work of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund iThe work of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund is s complementarycomplementary, but their , but their individual roles are differentindividual roles are differentWorld Bank is a lending institutionWorld Bank is a lending institution helphelpss to integrate to integrate countries into the wider world economy and promote longcountries into the wider world economy and promote long--term economic growth that reduces poverty in developing term economic growth that reduces poverty in developing countriescountriesIMF acts as a monitor of the world's currenciesIMF acts as a monitor of the world's currencies by helping by helping to maintain an orderly system of payments between all to maintain an orderly system of payments between all countries, and countries, and lends money to members who face serious lends money to members who face serious balance of payments deficitsbalance of payments deficitsWhile the While the World BankWorld Bank makes loans for both makes loans for both policy reformspolicy reforms and and projectsprojects, the , the International Monetary FundInternational Monetary Fund concerns itself with concerns itself with policies alonepolicies alone..IMF provides IMF provides loansloans to member countries that have a to member countries that have a shortshort--term problem meetingterm problem meetingtheir foreign payments requirementstheir foreign payments requirements and seeks to obtain full convertibility among and seeks to obtain full convertibility among the currencies of its members under the system of flexible exchathe currencies of its members under the system of flexible exchange rates in force nge rates in force since 1973since 1973

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Multilateral Development BanksMultilateral Development BanksAfDB, ADB, AfDB, ADB, EBRD, and EBRD, and IDBIDB--IADBIADB

MembershipMembership

Regional Regional Member CountriesMember Countries (generally receiver countries)(generally receiver countries)NonNon--Regional MemberRegional Member Countries Countries (generally donor (generally donor countries)countries)

andand

BorrowingBorrowing Member CountriesMember CountriesNonNon--borrowingborrowing Member CountriesMember Countries

In order to be eligible for "participation" one must come from In order to be eligible for "participation" one must come from membermember country country of such a developmentof such a development bankbank

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InterInter--American Development BankAmerican Development BankEstablished 1959 Established 1959 -- 46 Members, Non46 Members, Non--borrowing (20) borrowing (20) and borrowing (26); and borrowing (26); oldest and largest regional oldest and largest regional development bank and soon became the model on which all development bank and soon became the model on which all other regional and subother regional and sub--regional multilateral development banks regional multilateral development banks were createdwere created

Regional memberRegional member must be must be membermember of the of the Organization of Organization of the American Statesthe American States

NonNon--regionalregional membermember must be must be membermember of the of the International Monetary FundInternational Monetary Fund

The InterThe Inter--American Investment Corporation American Investment Corporation ((IICIIC))finances finances smallsmall and and mediummedium--scale private companiesscale private companies

The Multilateral Investment Fund The Multilateral Investment Fund ((MIFMIF))supports supports private sector developmentprivate sector development, mainly in the , mainly in the micromicro--enterprise sectorenterprise sector

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European Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentEuropean Bank for Reconstruction and Development

Established 1991 Established 1991 ––6060 Members, NonMembers, Non--borrowing borrowing (33) and borrowing countries (33) and borrowing countries from from central Europe central Europe toto central central AsiaAsia (27)(27)

largest single investor in largest single investor in the region and mobilizes the region and mobilizes significant foreign direct significant foreign direct investment beyond its own investment beyond its own financingfinancing

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European Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentEuropean Bank for Reconstruction and Development

invests mainly in invests mainly in private enterprisesprivate enterprises, usually together with , usually together with commercial partnerscommercial partners

Promotes, inter alia, Promotes, inter alia, competitioncompetition, , privatizationprivatization and and entrepreneurshipentrepreneurship

as a as a catalyst of changecatalyst of change promotes promotes coco--financingfinancing and and foreign foreign direct investmentdirect investment ((FDIFDI))

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African Development Bank GroupAfrican Development Bank Group

Established 1964 Established 1964 -- 77 Members from 77 Members from Africa (53), North and South Africa (53), North and South America, Europe and Asia (24)America, Europe and Asia (24)

The African Development The African Development Bank (Bank (AfDBAfDB))

The African Development The African Development Fund (Fund (ADFADF))

The Nigeria Trust Fund The Nigeria Trust Fund ((NTFNTF))

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Asian Development BankAsian Development BankEstablished 1966 Established 1966 -- 62 Members, Non62 Members, Non--regional (18), regional regional (18), regional (44); Developing Member Countries (41), Developed (44); Developing Member Countries (41), Developed Member Countries (21)Member Countries (21)

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Activities of a BankActivities of a Bank ((exampleexample ADB)ADB)

Internal OperationsInternal Operations

External OperationsExternal Operations

Nam Leuk, Lao PDR

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Personal: all personnel Personal: all personnel mustmust come come from from ADB ADB member countriesmember countries

Board of DirectorsBoard of DirectorsProfessionals (International Professionals (International Civil Servants)Civil Servants)Staff (individual) consultantsStaff (individual) consultants

TasksTasks

StudiesStudies and and investigationsinvestigations (Technical Assistance (Technical Assistance --TAsTAs))LoansLoans

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Board of DirectorsBoard of Directors

Provide Provide guidanceguidance to the Bankto the Bank

Represent interests of their countries within the BankRepresent interests of their countries within the Bank

Generally delegated by countries from their ministries of Generally delegated by countries from their ministries of finance (finance (political appointmentspolitical appointments))

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Professionals (International Civil Servants)Professionals (International Civil Servants)

Implement Implement studiesstudies and and investigationsinvestigations (Technical (Technical Assistance "TAs", etc.) in head office and in the field Assistance "TAs", etc.) in head office and in the field through missions or postings to resident missionsthrough missions or postings to resident missions

Serve the BankServe the Bank !!

Do Do notnot represent the interests of the countries where represent the interests of the countries where they come from they come from

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Staff employed by a Bank through a contract for a period of Staff employed by a Bank through a contract for a period of time, and eventually, on "regular" basistime, and eventually, on "regular" basis

Engagement of professionalsEngagement of professionals

As "As "young professionalsyoung professionals""

As (experienced) As (experienced) professionalsprofessionals

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ActivitiesActivities of a Bankof a Bank ((exampleexample ADB)ADB)


Recruitment and Selection ProcessRecruitment and Selection Process

citizen of citizen of ADB memberADB member countrycountry

very good academic background (those with very good academic background (those with postpost--graduate graduate degrees such as MBA, MS, or Ph.D. are given preferencedegrees such as MBA, MS, or Ph.D. are given preference) )

considerable expertise and years of experience in their professiconsiderable expertise and years of experience in their profession on

multimulti--disciplinary backgrounddisciplinary background and with experience in an and with experience in an international environment with involvement in developing international environment with involvement in developing countries countries

proficiency in both proficiency in both written and spoken Englishwritten and spoken English

flexibility to flexibility to work with other nationalitieswork with other nationalities and with and with different different cultural backgroundscultural backgrounds

willing to willing to traveltravel on mission to member countries, if requiredon mission to member countries, if required

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Recruitment and Selection ProcessRecruitment and Selection Process

Applications from women are actively encouragedApplications from women are actively encouraged

InitialInitial staff appointments to ADB are for a staff appointments to ADB are for a fixed termfixed term, usually for , usually for three years, which may be three years, which may be extendedextended or converted to or converted to regular regular employmentemployment subjectsubject to to satisfactory performancesatisfactory performance andand the the continued need for the skillscontinued need for the skills

All appointments are subject to a All appointments are subject to a probationary period of one yearprobationary period of one year

To provide for career growth and advancement, ADB conducts an To provide for career growth and advancement, ADB conducts an annual review of performance and potentialannual review of performance and potential

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Remuneration and BenefitsRemuneration and Benefits

ADB offers a ADB offers a comprehensive package that is competitive in the comprehensive package that is competitive in the international marketinternational market and comparable to similar multilateral and comparable to similar multilateral institutions (institutions (principally the World Bank Groupprincipally the World Bank Group))

Salary in Salary in U.S. dollarsU.S. dollars, , taxtax--exemptexempt, unless the staff, unless the staff’’s government s government authorities determine that the income from ADB is subject to authorities determine that the income from ADB is subject to taxationtaxation

Salary structure Salary structure reviewed yearly in relation to the World Bankreviewed yearly in relation to the World Bank’’s s structure structure and proper adjustments or increases are made to bring and proper adjustments or increases are made to bring ADB Salaries to competitive level ADB Salaries to competitive level

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Relocation AssistanceRelocation Assistance (travel and shipment of Goods, various (travel and shipment of Goods, various allowances)allowances)

Rental SubsidyRental Subsidy Program (certain percentage of rent)Program (certain percentage of rent)

Education AssistanceEducation Assistance and Subsidy for Private Studies (Education and Subsidy for Private Studies (Education Reimbursement and Education Travel)Reimbursement and Education Travel)

Dependency AllowanceDependency Allowance (spouse and children)(spouse and children)

Home Country TravelHome Country Travel and Allowance (once a year at 85% of full and Allowance (once a year at 85% of full economy class travel)economy class travel)

LeaveLeave (Annual, Sick, Emergency, Maternity, Miscarriage, Family, (Annual, Sick, Emergency, Maternity, Miscarriage, Family, Special Leave/Others)Special Leave/Others)

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Force Majeure ProtectionForce Majeure Protection ProgramProgram

Provisions for ContingenciesProvisions for Contingencies

Exemption and PrivilegesExemption and Privileges

Medical and Health BenefitsMedical and Health Benefits (Medical and Dental Services, Group (Medical and Dental Services, Group Medical Insurance Plan, Insurance Premium is subsidized by ADB, Medical Insurance Plan, Insurance Premium is subsidized by ADB, worldworld--wide)


All Saints Day in Manila

wide)

Insurance PlansInsurance Plans and and Death GrantDeath Grant (Group Life, Optional Life, Group (Group Life, Optional Life, Group Accidental Death and Disability, Optional Group Accidental DeathAccidental Death and Disability, Optional Group Accidental Deathand Disability, Group Disability, Workers Compensation, Group and Disability, Group Disability, Workers Compensation, Group Dependents Life and Disability, Travel Accident, and Death GrantDependents Life and Disability, Travel Accident, and Death Grant))

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Staff Retirement Plan Staff Retirement Plan ((mandatory retirement at 60 mandatory retirement at 60 years of ageyears of age))

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StaffStaff consultantsconsultants and and consulting firmsconsulting firms

Assist the Bank in Assist the Bank in internal operationsinternal operations (e.g. TAs, Loan (e.g. TAs, Loan project completion reports, Bank intern issues, financial, project completion reports, Bank intern issues, financial, environmental, social matters, etc.)environmental, social matters, etc.)

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ImplementationImplementation of of projects financed by projects financed by the Bank

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Nam LeukLao PDR

the Bank

ConsultantsConsultants

ContractorsContractors

SuppliersSuppliers

All and "All and "everythingeverything" " must comemust come from member countries from member countries (except for certain exceptions such as, say, oil, raw (except for certain exceptions such as, say, oil, raw materials, etc.)materials, etc.)

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Bote Fisherman

ConsultantsConsultants

IndividualIndividual consultantsconsultants

ConsultingConsulting firmsfirms

Should be registered with BankShould be registered with Bank

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Individual consultantsIndividual consultants

Individual consultants Individual consultants assist in TAs and Loan assist in TAs and Loan projects as experts forprojects as experts for

EnvironmentEnvironment

Social mattersSocial matters

Other specialties such as geologists, Other specialties such as geologists, constructionconstruction, , water supplywater supply, , sanitationsanitation, , agricultureagriculture, , forestryforestry, , education, health, traffic, telecom, finance, education, health, traffic, telecom, finance, institutional strengtheninginstitutional strengthening, etc. etc.), etc. etc.)

Children Transport

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Consulting firmsConsulting firms

ImplementImplement Bank financed Bank financed projectsprojects

TAs, investigationsTAs, investigations

SuperviseSupervise and and guide Bank financed infrastructureguide Bank financed infrastructureprojectsprojects such as such as hydropower plantshydropower plants, power lines, , power lines, water supplywater supply and and sanitationsanitation projects, projects, roadsroads and and bridgesbridges, telecom, telecom, , etc.etc. etc.etc.

Kali Gandaki "A"Nepal

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Internal and external OperationsInternal and external Operations

Procurement of consultants (individual and consulting firms)Procurement of consultants (individual and consulting firms)

ProcedureProcedure

AdvertisementsAdvertisements by Bank (homepage)by Bank (homepage)

By "By "word of mouthword of mouth" (particularly individual " (particularly individual consultants)consultants)

Helpful is Helpful is ............

Selection according to "Selection according to "Guidelines on the Use of Guidelines on the Use of Consultants by Asian Development Bank and Its Consultants by Asian Development Bank and Its BorrowersBorrowers""

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Guidelines on the Use of Consultants by Asian Development Guidelines on the Use of Consultants by Asian Development Bank and Its BorrowersBank and Its Borrowers

Services of consultants (individuals and firms), in various fielServices of consultants (individuals and firms), in various fields ds are used by ADB in carrying out its operations and by ADB's are used by ADB in carrying out its operations and by ADB's borrowers in carrying out ADBborrowers in carrying out ADB--financed projectsfinanced projects

Technical qualificationsTechnical qualifications ((notnot costcost !!) of consultants are ) of consultants are most most important criteria in the selection of consultantsimportant criteria in the selection of consultants by ADB and its by ADB and its borrowersborrowers

ADB ensures that ADB ensures that consultants used represent the ADB's consultants used represent the ADB's member countries in a reasonably balanced waymember countries in a reasonably balanced way

ADB encourages use of ADB encourages use of consultants from developing member consultants from developing member countriescountries and to and to promote the development of domestic promote the development of domestic consulting professionsconsulting professions

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UseUse of Consultants of Consultants by by ADBADB

for for technical assistance activitiestechnical assistance activities

to to supplementsupplement its its own staffown staff in in carrying out its operationscarrying out its operations

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UseUse of Consultants of Consultants by by BorrowersBorrowers

BorrowersBorrowers from the ADB may from the ADB may use consultants to obtain use consultants to obtain assistanceassistance in carrying out projects financed by the ADB in carrying out projects financed by the ADB

The ADB The ADB maymay, , where necessarywhere necessary, , require borrowers to require borrowers to engage consultantsengage consultants

When When borrowers use consultantsborrowers use consultants, the , the borrowers borrowers will be will be responsible for the selectionresponsible for the selection, , engagementengagement and and supervision supervision of the consultantsof the consultants

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UseUse of Consultants of Consultants by by BorrowersBorrowers

ADB will have to be ADB will have to be satisfiedsatisfied thatthat

functionsfunctions and and responsibilitiesresponsibilities to be assigned to the to be assigned to the consultants are consultants are adequately definedadequately defined

consultants are consultants are competentcompetent for the assignmentfor the assignment

conditions ofconditions of their their contractcontract are are satisfactorysatisfactory

contractcontract is is duly performedduly performed

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UseUse of of Domestic ConsultantsDomestic Consultants and and Consultants from Developing Consultants from Developing Member CountriesMember Countries

Consulting firms from developed member countries invited Consulting firms from developed member countries invited to submit proposals are to submit proposals are encouraged to collaborate with encouraged to collaborate with domestic consultantsdomestic consultants or or consultants from other developing consultants from other developing member countriesmember countries capable of providing part of the services capable of providing part of the services requiredrequired

When all factors evaluation are rated equal, When all factors evaluation are rated equal, preferencepreference will will be given to be given to firms proposing collaboration arrangementfirms proposing collaboration arrangement, as , as well as to well as to domestic consultantsdomestic consultants or or consultants from other consultants from other developing member countriesdeveloping member countries who have submitted proposals who have submitted proposals alonealone

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UseUse of of Domestic ConsultantsDomestic Consultants and and Consultants from Developing Consultants from Developing Member CountriesMember Countries

In case of collaboration between consulting firm from In case of collaboration between consulting firm from developed country and domestic consultants or consultants developed country and domestic consultants or consultants from another developing member country, from another developing member country, servicesservices to be to be provided by such consultants provided by such consultants must be clearly definedmust be clearly defined and and set forth in the proposals and in the contractset forth in the proposals and in the contract

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Implement (erect) Implement (erect) Bank Bank financedfinanced ((infrastructureinfrastructure))projectsprojects

Energy sector (power Energy sector (power plants, transmission plants, transmission and distribution, etc.)and distribution, etc.)

Distribution tower in Manila

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Implement (erect) Bank financed Implement (erect) Bank financed ((infrastructureinfrastructure)) projectsprojects

Water Water supply and supply and sanitationsanitation

TrafficTraffic

Road Traffic in Manila

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Implement (erect) Bank financed Implement (erect) Bank financed ((infrastructureinfrastructure)) projectsprojects

AgricultureAgricultureForestryForestryHealthHealthTelecom, etcTelecom, etc..

Telephone wiring for 18 row houses in Manila

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SuppliersSuppliersProvide and erect, Provide and erect, as applicable, as applicable, componentscomponents for for Bank financed Bank financed (infrastructure) (infrastructure) projects such as: Tricycles Waiting Line in Dhakaprojects such as:

Energy sector: hydraulic steel structures, generators, Energy sector: hydraulic steel structures, generators, switch gears, transmission towers, conductor wire, switch gears, transmission towers, conductor wire, etc.etc.

Water supply and sanitation: tubes, etc.Water supply and sanitation: tubes, etc.

Traffic: bridges, etc.Traffic: bridges, etc.

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Guidelines For Procurement Under Asian Development Bank Guidelines For Procurement Under Asian Development Bank LoansLoans

Applicable to loans made by ADB from its Applicable to loans made by ADB from its ordinary capitalordinary capital and and special special fundsfunds

RelationshipRelationship between borrower and supplier of goods or works between borrower and supplier of goods or works governedgoverned by by bidding documentsbidding documents,, issued by borrowerissued by borrower,, and and contractcontractconcluded between borrower and supplier, which shall have been concluded between borrower and supplier, which shall have been prepared in accordance with these Guidelines and the Loan Agreemprepared in accordance with these Guidelines and the Loan Agreementent

Ultimate Ultimate responsibilityresponsibility for the procurement of goods and works for the procurement of goods and works required for the project required for the project rests with the borrowerrests with the borrower

Bank has obligation to Bank has obligation to ensureensure that that proceeds of its loans are used with proceeds of its loans are used with due attention to considerations of economy and efficiencydue attention to considerations of economy and efficiency

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International Competitive BiddingInternational Competitive Bidding ((ICBICB))

Bank requirement for all large contracts (say < $ 500,000)Bank requirement for all large contracts (say < $ 500,000)

Other Forms of ProcurementOther Forms of Procurement

International Shopping (International Shopping (ISIS): where, inter alia, ): where, inter alia, amount of contract amount of contract not large enough to attract foreign suppliers and contractors not large enough to attract foreign suppliers and contractors through the international competitive bidding processthrough the international competitive bidding processLocal Competitive Bidding (Local Competitive Bidding (LCBLCB))Direct Purchase/Negotiation or Single TenderDirect Purchase/Negotiation or Single TenderLimited Tendering or Repeat OrderLimited Tendering or Repeat OrderForce AccountForce Account ((hire of government owned entities)hire of government owned entities)Purchase of Equipment for Use of Small Private SubPurchase of Equipment for Use of Small Private Sub--borrowersborrowersEtc.Etc.

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International Competitive BiddingInternational Competitive Bidding (ICB)(ICB)

GeneralGeneral

Type and Size of Contract Type and Size of Contract

Advertisement and Notification Advertisement and Notification

Prequalification of Bidders Prequalification of Bidders

Advance Procurement Action Advance Procurement Action

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Bidding DocumentsBidding Documents

GeneralGeneralReference to Bank Reference to Bank Language Language Clarity of Bidding Documents Clarity of Bidding Documents Bid Security Bid Security Conditions of Contract Conditions of Contract Standards Standards Use of Brand Names Use of Brand Names Source of Procurement Source of Procurement Pricing Pricing Currency Provisions Currency Provisions

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Bidding DocumentsBidding Documents

Currency of Bid Currency of Bid Currency of Bid Comparison Currency of Bid Comparison Currency of Payment and Exchange Risks Currency of Payment and Exchange Risks Terms and Methods of Payment Terms and Methods of Payment Price Adjustment Provisions Price Adjustment Provisions Advance Payment Advance Payment Performance Security, Retention Money Performance Security, Retention Money Insurance and Transportation Insurance and Transportation Liquidated Damages Liquidated Damages Force Majeure Force Majeure Settlement of Disputes Settlement of Disputes

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ADBADB‘‘s s Review of Borrowers' Procurement ActionsReview of Borrowers' Procurement Actions

Bid PackagingBid Packaging

Prequalification ProceduresPrequalification Procedures

International Competitive BiddingInternational Competitive Bidding

54

ADB European Countries Statistics ADB European Countries Statistics

15 E

urop

ean

Cou

ntrie

s

9 co

untri

es(*

)with

"si

mila

r" e

cono

mic

size Statistics of ADB Member Countries as per 31 December 2002

Shares Votes

Cap

ital

Su

b-

scri

pti

on

Pai

d-i

n

Cap

ital

Su

b-

scri

pti

on

Asi

an

Dev

elop

-m

ent

Fun

d

(AD

F)

TA S

pec

ial

Fun

d (

TAS

F)

Tota

l p

aid

-in

C

ontr

ibu

tion

Emp

loye

es

Over-all N

on-

regi

onal

Percent Percent $ million $ million $ million $ million $ million Num-ber

Col. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 =6+7+8 9

AUT* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 178.5 2.37 192.3 5BEL* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 155.5 3.20 170.2 8DEN* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 172.9 4.25 188.6 6FIN* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 95.4 1.24 108.1 6FRA 12 4 2.37 2.22 1,120.0 78.1 894.1 14.60 986.8 18GER 9 3 4.39 3.84 2,070.0 145.2 1,370.0 18.56 1,533.8 32ITA 15 6 1.83 1.80 866.3 60.7 483.2 9.57 553.5 11NET 19 7 1.04 1.16 491.6 34.4 516.7 7.32 558.5 14

NOR* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 154.6 5.30 171.3 4POR* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 53.6 65.1 1SPA* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 113.4 1.84 126.7 9SWE* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 209.9 4.99 226.3 8SWI 23 8 0.59 0.80 279.7 19.6 304.2 4.17 327.9 3

TUR* 28 9 0.35 0.60 163.1 11.4 105.4 2.35 119.2 6UKG 14 5 2.07 1.99 978.9 68.5 795.3 13.96 877.8 22

EUR 15.44 17.21 7,274.3 6,205.8 509.4 5,602.72 93.7 153JPN 1 15.84 13.00 7,480.0 9,371.2 523.8 8,702.40 145.0 95USA 1 15.84 13.00 7,480.0 3,479.7 523.8 2,920.00 35.9 106

Nam

e of

Cou

ntr

y

Sharehol-der Rank

For all countries marked * first 6 columns are identical

55

European Countries ADB Statistics European Countries ADB Statistics

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500AU

T*

BEL*

DEN

*

FIN

*

FRA

GER ITA

NET

NO

R*

POR

*

SPA*

SWE*

SWI

TUR

*

UKG

Country

$ m

illio

n

CapitalSub-scription

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

EUR

JPN

USA

Country

$ m

illio

n

Countries marked * are of comparable economic strength

56

European Countries ADB Statistics European Countries ADB Statistics

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600AU

T*

BEL*

DEN

*

FIN

*

FRA

GER ITA

NET

NO

R*

POR

*

SPA*

SWE*

SWI

TUR

*

UKG

Country

$ m

illio

n

Totalpaid inContribution

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

EUR

JPN

USA

Country

$ m

illio

nCountries marked * are of comparable economic strength

57

European Countries ADB Statistics European Countries ADB Statistics Total paid in Contributions & Employees

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

AUT*

BEL*

DEN

*

FIN

*

FRA

GER ITA

NET

NO

R*

POR

*

SPA*

SWE*

SWI

TUR

*

UKG

Country

Tota

l Con

tribu

tions

($ m

illio

n)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Empl

oyee

s

Totalpaid inContributionEmployees

Total paid in Contributions & Employees

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

EUR

JPN

USA

Country

Tota

l Con

tribu

tions

($ m

illio

n)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Empl

oyee

s


58

ADB European Countries Statistics ADB European Countries Statistics ADB Member Countries Statistics for 1 January 1998 – 31 December 2002

ADB Loan Amount

Country Cofinan-

cing

$ million $ million $ million Num-ber

$ million Num-ber

$ million Num-ber

$ million Num-ber

50.0 50.50 43.68 7 0.09 2 0.78 2 0.87 4121.5 93.27 11.43 4 0.31 3 1.80 17 2.11 20329.3 57.80 7.20 10 11.66 7 6.20 17 17.86 2412.0 4.95 8.66 5 1.33 2 4.95 12 6.28 14

659.6 581.39 113.18 11 37.53 15 9.80 30 47.33 45685.9 308.46 82.05 10 23.92 15 19.55 55 43.47 7055.0 93.00 39.43 10 8.64 7 2.67 13 11.31 20

600.2 218.99 2.55 10 13.29 20 22.59 43 35.88 63206.7 40.80 6.33 2 3.33 2 1.04 10 4.37 12

90.0 119.21 26.08 6 0.22 5 0.22 5411.0 44.70 17.35 8 3.12 4 2.70 8 5.82 12119.0 47.27 34.62 10 19.15 5 7.24 16 26.39 21

1.61 3 3.10 2 3.10 2552.3 205.20 107.88 10 82.84 47 41.48 277 124.32 324

-3892.5 1,865.5 502.05 106 208.3 131 121.0 505 329 6362804.0 3,238.4 119 16.0 52 38.0 12 8847

99.8 217.4 55 47 2956

All Consultants Contracts

Contractors Contracts

Consultants Loan Contracts

Consultants TA Contracts

Col.

AUT*BEL*DEN*FIN*FRAGERITANET

NOR*POR*SPA*SWE*SWI

TUR*UKG

EURJPNUSA

Nam

e of

Cou

ntr

y

59

European Countries ADB Statistics European Countries ADB Statistics Total paid in Contributions & Consultants all Projects

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600AU

T*

BEL*

DEN

*

FIN

*

FRA

GER ITA

NET

NO

R*

POR

*

SPA*

SWE*

SWI

TUR

*

UKG

Country

Tota

l Con

trib

utio

ns($

mill

ion)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Con

sulta

nts

Cont

ract

s($

mill

ion)

Totalpaid inContributionContractAmount


60

European Countries ADB Statistics European Countries ADB Statistics Total paid in Contributions & Contractors' Loan Projects

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600AU

T*

BEL*

DEN

*

FIN

*

FRA

GER ITA

NET

NO

R*

POR

*

SPA*

SWE*

SWI

TUR

*

UKG

Country

Tota

l Con

tribu

tions

($ m

illio

n)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Cont

ract

ors

& S

uppl

iers

C

ontr

acts

($ m

illio

n)

Totalpaid inContributionContract Amount


61

European Countries ADB Statistics European Countries ADB Statistics Total paid in Contributions & Consultants all Projects

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

AUT*

BEL*

DEN

*

FIN

*

FRA

GER ITA

NET

NO

R*

POR

*

SPA*

SWE*

SWI

TUR

*

UKG

Country

Tota

l Con

trib

utio

ns($

mill

ion)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Cons

ulta

nts

Cont

ract

s($

mill

ion)

Totalpaid inContributionContractAmount

Total paid in Contributions & Contractors Loan Projects

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

AUT*

BEL*

DEN

*

FIN

*

FRA

GER ITA

NET

NO

R*

POR

*

SPA*

SWE*

SWI

TUR

*

UKG

Country

Tota

l Con

tribu

tions

($ m

illio

n)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Cont

ract

ors

& Su

pplie

rs

Cont

ract

s($

mill

ion)

Totalpaid inContributionContract Amount

62

AustrianAustrian ADB PerformanceADB Performance1 January 19981 January 1998––31 December 2002 31 December 2002

Contract Amount

(US$ million)SGS Controll Company GmbH Loan 1 0.08Austrian Individual Consultant Loan 1 0.01Raiffeisen Investment AG TA 1 0.67Austrian Individual Consultant TA 1 0.11

Totals: 4 0.87

Consultant Contract (number)Loan/TA

Top consultants (individual consultants and consulting firms) from Austria involved in ADB technical assistance projects, 1 January 1998–31 December 2002.

Consultants Involved in ADB Loan and TA Projects

Contract Amount

(US$ million)Plasser & Theurer Transport and Communications 23.15Voest-Alpine Schienen GMBH Transport and Communications 8.81Wabag-Waseenco Social Infrastructure 5.37Wa Tech Wabag International Social Infrastructure 5.36Hans Kuenz GesmbH Energy 0.79Mosdorfer Elekrotechnik Ges Energy 0.16E. Hawle & Company Armaturenwerke Social Infrastructure 0.04

Contractors/suppliers: 7 43.68

Contractor/Supplier Sector

63

SwissSwiss ADB PerformanceADB Performance1 January 19981 January 1998––31 December 2002 31 December 2002

Contract Amount(US$ million)

Renardet S.A. Consulting Engineers Loan 3 17.9International Labour Organization Loan 1 1.18Société Generale de Surveillan Loan 1 0.07Electrowatt Engineering Ltd. TA 5 4.07Swisscontact Services AG TA 1 1.48Colenco Power Engineering Ltd. TA 1 0.79Amberg Consulting Engineers Ltd. TA 1 0.52Swiss Individual Consultants TA 8 0.38

Totals: 21 26.39

Consultants Involved in ADB TA ProjectsSwitzerland

Top consultants (individual consultants and consulting firms) from Switzerland involved in ADB technical assistance projects, 1 January 1997–31 December 2001.

Consultant Contract (number)

Contract Amount(US$ million)

Sefag Export AG Energy, Transport and Communications 14.91ABB High Voltage Technologies Transport and Communications/Energy 9.77Concast Standard Energy 6.27Crystal Consulting & Engg. GMB Energy 1.36H. A. Schlatter AG Energy 1.19Ucar S A Energy 0.51Power Com S A Energy 0.42Haenni Instruments AG Energy 0.13Weidmann Systems Limited International Agriculture and Natural Resources 0.05Leica Geosystems AG Energy 0.01

Contractors/suppliers: 10 34.62

Contractor/Supplier Sector

Austria:

0.87 << 26.39

Austria:

43.68 > 34.52

64

Thank youThank youSebastian W. BauerSebastian W. Bauer

Dr Dr èès sc. techn. EPFLs sc. techn. EPFL

International ConsultantInternational ConsultantSwitzerlandSwitzerland

TelTel / Fax/ Fax: +41 (0) 56 426 42 34: +41 (0) 56 426 42 34EE--Mail:Mail:

[email protected]@[email protected]@alumni.lehigh.eduedu

http://http://mypagemypage..bluewinbluewin..chch/Dr.sc.techn.S.W.Bauer/Dr.sc.techn.S.W.Bauer

Wien, 19. November 2003, 175. Todestag Franz Schuberts



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