PresentaciÃ³n Higiene Industrial

7/27/2019 Presentacin Higiene Industrial

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What is Occupational Hygiene?

Mike Slater


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Occupational

Hygiene?


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Occupational

Hygiene?

NO!


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Occupational Hygiene?


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Occupational Hygiene?

NO!


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Hygiene

Conditions or practices conducive

to maintaining health andpreventing disease

http://oxforddictionaries.com
http://oxforddictionaries.com/http://oxforddictionaries.com/


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According tothe WHO,

globally, thereare:


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2,000,000work-related

deaths peryear


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386,000 deathseach year fromexposure to

airborneparticulates


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152,000deaths peryear from

carcinogens inthe workplace


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37% of LowerBack Pain isattributed tooccupation


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Occupational hygiene is

about the prevention of

ill health caused by work


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We do that by the


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Recognition

We do that by the


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Recognition Evaluation

We do that by the


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Recognition Evaluation Control

We do that by the


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We do that by the

of hazardous agents


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Chemical hazards

There are many thousands of hazardous chemicals

commonly used at work.


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Chemical hazards

Chemical hazards also include:


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Silica released during stone cuttingactivities

Source: HSE

Dusts in this case stone dust contains crystalline silica

which causes silicosis, a serious lung disease

Now you see t


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Now you see t

Mists in this case paint containing isocyanates, a

major cause of occupational asthma


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Vapours are given off paints and other solvent

based products such as inks and adhesives


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Fume very fine particulate matter


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Physical agents

Hazardous physical agents include noise,


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Vibration (this hand grinder will also produce high

noise levels)


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Non-ionising radiation like theultra-violet radiation

generated by arc welding


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The thermal environment hot and cold


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Biological hazards

Biological agents like the micro-organisms that can

cause legionnaires disease and anthrax


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Ergonomic hazards

Back and muscular damage caused by poor manual

handling practices


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Tasks involving repetitive actions


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The use of display screen equipment


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OccupationalHygiene

Chemistry

Physics

Biology

Engineering

Law

Toxicology


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OccupationalHygiene

Chemistry

Physics

Biology

Engineering

Law

Toxicology

Occupational hygiene is a multi-disciplinary science


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Occupational hygienists are trained to anticipate and

recognise health hazards at work


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Bakers are exposedto flour dust which

can cause

occupational

asthma


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Bakers are about80 times more

likely to develop

occupational

asthma than the

average British

worker


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Coal miners andquarry workers are

exposed to dust

that can cause

silicosis a serious

debilitating lung

disease


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Cleaning withsolvents can lead to

dermatitis and

exposure to solvent

vapours.


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And some solventscan be absorbed

through the skin


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This worker is

exposed to dust,

noise and vibration


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Arc welders are

exposed to metal

fumes which can

cause metal fumefever


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and, in some cases,

asthma and lung

cancer


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Theyre also

exposed to irritant

gases and ultra-

violet radiation


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RISK =


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RISK = Hazard x


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RISK = Hazard x Exposure


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Exposure assessment is an important part of the

occupational hygienists role


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This can involve:


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Personal exposure sampling


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Exposure modelling


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Observations


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BiologicalMonitoring

Which may involve taking blood samples


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But taking urine samples is usually preferable as its

easier and more acceptable to the worker


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Prevention

Engineering

Work practices

PPE


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Prevention

Engineering

Work practices

PPE

This is the hierarchy of control


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Prevention

Engineering

Work practices

PPE


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Prevention

Elimination Substitution Processchange


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Prevention

Engineering

Work practices

PPE


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Containment


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A fume cupboard an example of local exhaust

ventilayion


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Photograph

courtesy of

HSE


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Prevention

Engineering

Work practices

PPE


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Time Reduce exposure timeJob rotation

Work rest regimes

Work scheduling

Distance SegregationRestrict access

Rest areas

Organisation Reduce numbers exposed

Good working practiceWritten procedures

Permits to work

Work practices / organisation


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Prevention

Engineering

Work practices

PPEPersonal protective equipment which should be

the last resort


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Respiratory protection


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Chemical protective clothing, gloves

and eye protection

M


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Management measures

Maintenance of controls

Supervision

Exposure monitoring

Screening & health surveillance

Information, instruction, training

Review and audit


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www.bohs.org


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www.bohs.orgThe organisation for anyone interested in

occupational hygiene in the UK


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http://www.slideshare.net/mikeslater

[email protected]

http://diamondenv.wordpress.com

Twitter: @diamondenv

Mike Slater


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Picture credits: Stock.XCHNG - www.sxc.hu/ Cirrus Research - www.cirrusresearch.co.uk

The Health and Safety Executivewww.hse.gov.uk

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/victorian_britain/children_in_facto

ries/

www.beautifulbritain.co.uk
http://www.cirrusresearch.co.uk/http://www.hse.gov.uk/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/victorian_britain/children_in_factories/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/victorian_britain/children_in_factories/http://www.beautifulbritain.co.uk/htm/whitworth/whitworth_museum.htmhttp://www.beautifulbritain.co.uk/htm/whitworth/whitworth_museum.htmhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/victorian_britain/children_in_factories/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/victorian_britain/children_in_factories/http://www.hse.gov.uk/http://www.cirrusresearch.co.uk/


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Mike Slater, Diamond Environmental Ltd. ([email protected])

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