ASEMINAR REPORT

ONUSE OF ETP AND STP IN WASTEWATER

TREATMENT

Guided By: Submitted By:Dr. A.K. Mathur Abhimanyu BhatProfessor C.R.No.: 12/311Dept. of Civil Engg. 12EUCCE001

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satiation & euphoria that accompany the successful completion of the project would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible. I owe a basket full of Thanks to a lot of people who helped me, supported me, guided me through this experience of working, which can be truly called a “Learning Journey”. The journey into seminar report would have not been possible without the guidance, assistance, encouragement and moral support from many.

First of all I would like to thank to Dr. A.K. Mathur (Professor Department of Civil Engg.), for giving me an opportunity to work on this topic.

I sincerely express my gratitude Dr. H D Charan (HOD Civil Engineering Department), Dr. A.K Dwivedi(Professor Dept. Of Civil Engg.), Dr. M.P. Choudhary(Associate Proff.) and Mr. S.K. Tak(Associate Proff.) who were always there for me throughout my Seminar Report. The report wouldn’t have been possible without their timely and added help.

Thanks are also due to my professors who contributed their valuable thoughts in my project. Last but not the least I am very thankful to my family and friends for their valuable support during my training.

CONTENTS

• Introduction • Wastewater treatment• Use of Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP)• Use of Sewage Treatment Plant(STP)• Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

• The construction vision is not only limited to develop Project but should also be environment friendly.

• Wastewater management is the process, wherein the contaminants are removed from the wastewater as well as household sewage, to produce waste stream or solid waste suitable for discharge or reuse.

• Waste water treatment Plants (Effluent Treatment & Sewerage Treatment Plant) is an important initiative which has to be taken more seriously for the betterment of the society and our future.

Wastewater Treatment• Wastewater treatment is a process to convert wastewater -

which is water no longer needed or suitable for its most recent use - into an effluent that can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused. The latter is called water reclamation and implies avoidance of disposal by use of treated wastewater effluent for various purposes.

• Treatment means removing impurities from water being treated; and some methods of treatment are applicable to both water and wastewater. The physical infrastructure used for wastewater treatment is called a “wastewater treatment plant”.

Use of Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP)

Need of ETP It purifies water and removes any toxic and non toxic

materials or chemicals from water. It treats water and makes it free from all

objectionable impurities present in suspension, colloidal or dissolved form.

It prevents groundwater pollution, sea shore, soil and marine life.

Features Stay in compliance. Reduce transportation and off-site treatment costs. Reduce supply costs by recovering production materials

out of the waste-stream for re-use. Eliminate municipal fees. Eliminate unnecessary water usage during processing. To reuse the treated effluent . For agriculture. Fully automatic integrated type. The stability period is shorten.

Flow diagram

Work Description Raw effluent pumping Inlet screening Fat removal pH correction Pre-treatment pumping Balancing/Aeration Forward feed pumping Aeration Final setting Excess sludge system Sludge thickening Dewatering feed pumps Disposal Tertiary filters Outlet flow measurement and sampling

Effluent Treatment PlantSource: EmaarMGF Marbella Site

Use of Sewage Treatment Plant(STP) Sewage treatment plant also known as Domestic treatment

plant. It removes contaminants from wastewater and household

sewage, both runoff (effluents) and domestic. It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to

remove physical, chemical and biological contaminants. Its objective is to produce a waste stream (or treated effluent)

and a solid waste or sludge suitable for discharge or reuse back into the environment.

It treats water and make it free from all objectionable impurities present in suspension, colloidal or dissolved form.

This material is often inadvertently contaminated with many toxic organic and inorganic compounds.

Flow diagram of STP

Major Treatment units in STPPreliminary Treatment Screens Detritor/scrapers Grit Chamber Skimming Tanks Aeration

Primary Treatment Sedimentation/ Settling tank Clarifloculator Equalization Tank Neutralization Tank

Secondary Treatment Activated Sludge Process

(ASP) Trickling Filter Aerated Lagoons

Tertiary Treatment Filteration Disinfection Ion-exchange/ESP

Preliminary Treatment Mechanical medium screen

Source: internetDetritor/ Scrapper

Source: internet

Skimming Tank with separated oil & grease at topSource: internet

Primary Treatment

Different Inlet in Equalization TankSource: internetRectangular Settling Tank

Source: internet

Secondary Treatment

Trickling Filter with rotating armSource: internet

Aeration Tank in ASPSource: internet

Tertiary Treatment Tertiary treatment is the final treatment, meant for ‘polishing’ the

effluent and removal of pollutants not removed in primary and secondary treatment.

These pollutants may include soluble inorganic compounds such as phosphorous or nitrogen which may support algal growth in receiving waters.

Also removes organic materials contributing BOD, COD, color, taste, odor; bacteria, viruses, colloidal solids contributing turbidity; or soluble minerals which may interfere with subsequent re-use of the wastewater.

Preferred when treated water is need to be reuse or discharge is into a highly sensitive or fragile ecosystem (estuaries, low-flow rivers, coral reefs, etc).

Advantages of STP Reduction of BOD and COD of elements. Lesser retention time as compared to normal microbes. Increased rate of decomposition- breaks down proteins,

carbohydrates, fats, oils, for effective waste digestion and odor reduction.

Same plant treat more amount of influent with conventional design.

Effective at :pH range : 5.5-9.5Low DO : 0.8Temperature range : 5-45 degree centigrade

And very importantly F/M ratio is kept balance.

Bonus Benefits

Odour reduction up to 95%. Significant energy saving. Substantial chemical saving. Reduced sludge formation. Less operation and maintenance cost. Upto 90-95% water recycling.

Conclusion• The construction vision is not only limited to beauty of the

residential/industrial plans but is also environment friendly. • Waste water treatment is an important initiative which has to be

taken more seriously for the betterment of the society and our future.

• Wastewater treatment is the process, wherein the contaminants are removed from the wastewater as well as household sewage, to produce waste stream or solid waste suitable for discharge or reuse.

• Wastewater treatment method is categorized into three sub-divisions, physical, chemical and biological. The construction sites consist of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP), whereas there is also for provision of Sewage Treatment Plant.

References

1. Meenakshi Jindal: Introduction to Wastewater Treatment Process

2. G.L. Kario and R.A. Christian: Wastewater Treatment-Concepts and Design Approach

3. Frank R. Spellman: Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations

4. Ronald duck: Theory and Practice of Water and Wastewater Treatment