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Purpose of electricity codes
Codes functions is to protect
persons and property emerginghazards the use of electricity.
Provide:
* Protection against electric shock
* Power failure protection
* Surge Protection
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Standards are sets of rules or procedures for widespread use, or specifiedformally, and serving as a model of excellence or measure.
Integrated cables developed by specific
companies plans are called system
structured cable (SCS).
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There are many other organizations nationally and internationally-typefire and building codes:
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Best practices are forms of labour duties on the basis of the research thathelp users while performing tasks.
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Manufacturers such as IBM and AT&T, standards had a profound effect inthe cable industry.
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International Organization for Standardization. Promotes thedevelopment of standards and leads to international agreements,which are published as international standards.
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The International Electrotechnical Commission. Global organization
that prepares and publishes international standards for alltechnologies in electronics, magnetism and electromagnetism.
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American National Standards Institute, is
a private organization that identifiespublic and industrial requirements fornational approval standards.
Oversees the development of standards for: products,
services and processes.
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It is a professional association in technical areas ranging from computerengineering and telecommunications to electrical energy, the aerospace andconsumer electronics.
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In February 1980, the IEEE established a Committee to develop standardsfor networking, in particular for cabling and data transmission.
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•802.11b (2,4 GHz / 11 Mbps)
•802.3u (Fast Ethernet 100 Mbps)
•802.11a (5,0 GHz / 54 Mbps)
•802.11g (2,4 GHz /54 Mbps)
•802. 11i (802.11 security)
To improve these standards, be must add one or more letters after thedecimal value:
•802.3ab (Gigabit Ethernet 1000Base-T on cable twisted pair Category5e)
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This standard describes the series of digital bits that travel over thewire. IEEE 802.3 and variants get use of the cable to compete for him.
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IEEE 802.3 defines the following cabling standards for LANs operate at aspeed of 10 or 100 Mbps, called 10Base or 100BASE baseband signalling:
•10Base2 – Use thinnet cable segment length 185 m, and is used with
physical bus topology and logical bus topology.
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•10Base5 – Thinnet wiring used with maximum segment length of 500 m, and
is used with bus topology bus topology physical and logical.
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•10Base-T– Used cable UTP category 3, 5, 5e or 6 with a segment length of
100 meters and is used with topology star physical or extended and logical bustopology.
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•10Base-FL – Uses that operates at 850 nm multi-mode optical fiber cabling.
The maximum distance from a NIC to a hub is 2000 meters.
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•100Base-TX – Used cable UTP category 5, 5e and 6 with a segment
length of 100 m, and is used with topology star physical or extended and
logical bus topology.
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•100Base-FX – Using fiber optic multimode operates at 1300 nm segment
length wiring not specified maximum, depending on the use of a hub nox
class I or class II.
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•1000Base-SX – Two optical fibers that
operate at 850 nm. (IEEE 802.3z)
•1000Base-CX – Four drivers special-
purpose shielded cable assembly (IEEE
802.3z)
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•1000Base-TX – Uses four twisted
pairs of copper, category 6
•1000Base-T – Uses four twisted pairs of copper, category 5 or higher. (IEEE
802.3AB)
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•(10GbE) Gigabit Ethernet 10 (IEEE data)
•1000Base-LX – Two optical fibers to 1300 nm. (IEEE 802.3z)
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Apple introduced (1999) for the first time commercial products basedon the 802.11 standard. Currently, under the industrial nicknamewireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)
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Electronic Industries Alliance and the Telecommunications IndustryAssociation are trade associations that develop structured cabling for voiceand data standards for the LAN.
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Cabling installers currently used :
•TIA/EIA-568-A It is the standard
commercial building telecommunications
cabling.
•TIA/EIA-568-B It is the standard wiring.
This standard specifies requirements of
components and transmission according
to the media.
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•TIA/EIA-568-B.1 Specifies a generic
commercial building telecommunications
cabling system that supports an
environment of several products and
suppliers.
•TIA/EIA-568-B.1.1 is an amendment that
applies to the radius of curvature of the
connecting cables (UTP, unshieldedtwisted-pair) and 4-pair unshielded twisted
pair (ScTP, screened twisted-pair) 4 pairs.
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•TIA/EIA-568-B.3 Specifies the
components and transmission to a
fiber-optic cabling system
requirements.
•TIA/EIA-568-B.2 specifies cabling
components, transmission, system models
and measurement procedures required for testing twisted pair wiring.
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•
TIA/EIA-570-A is the standardwiring for residential andcommercial telecommunicationsminors.
•TIA/EIA-569-A is the Commercial Building
Standard for Telecommunication and SpaceTours.
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•TIA/EIA-607 is the standard requirements
Grounding Connection and CommercialBuilding Telecommunications.
•
TIA/EIA-606 is the governingstandard for the buildings commercialtelecommunications infrastructure andcable labeling
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Family ANSI/TIA/EIA standards:
•ANSI/TIA/EIA-526, ANSI/TIA/EIA-526-7
and ANSI/TIA/EIA-526-14. They have astandardized method of test fiber opticcables.
•TIA/EIA-526-7 includes the loss of
optical power measurement in single-mode optical fiber cables installedplants.
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•TIA/EIA-526-14A includes the
measurement of optical power loss inplants installed multimode fiber opticcables
•ANSI/TIA/EIA-598 describes the color
coding system used in fiber optic cableslarge (up to a couple dozen of fibers).
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Association of Components, Electronic Assemblies and Materialsrepresents the electronics industry sector comprising manufacturersand suppliers.
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Association of Consumer Electronics (CEA) to provide exclusive
information and unparalleled market research, networking opportunitieswith business advocates and leaders.
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Government Association of Electronics and Information, studies the cable
market, enabling technologies, products and services electronically
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Solid State Technology Association is the entity of the semiconductor
engineering standardization of EIA. Expanded to include integratedcircuits.
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National Electrical Manufacturers Association, provides a forum for the
standardization of electrical equipment, which allows consumers to choose226 to electrical products safe, effective and compatible.
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Rules on electricity focus on controllingelectricians are trained to avoiddangerous situations and comply witheach specified standards.
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Compliance with certain codes varies by city or province. The departmentsgive approval for construction and project implementation.
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We present a permitting process that includes fees and an allowance of time for hearings.
Local codes always take precedence over state codes, which in turn
take precedence over national codes.
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