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A comparative study on urban waste inselected EU-countries.
Sustainable Development of EU-wideUrban Waste Management
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Urban Waste Management Team
Anabela Peas - Portugal Guy Vossen - Belgium
Arne Maas - Netherlands
Isabel Steinhbel - Germany - Anja Delanoff
Stefan Offner - Austria
Anca Opri - Romania
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Content1. Introduction
2. Research Objectives
3. Waste - EU wide problems and measures4. Research Data
6. Methods of recycling
7. Methods of reducing
8. Conclusions
9. Good practices
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IntroductionWaste -> any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required
to discard
MSW(municipal solid waste) -> waste created by normal, everyday activities ofurban or densely populated areas
Research objectives
How can the EU stimulate a successful change of consumption
patterns leading to a reduction of urban waste, based on
experiences from different EU countries : Portugal, Belgium,
Netherlands, Germany, Austria and Romania.
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Waste - EU wide problems and measures
The total treated waste per capita is goingdown in EU-27 in the period 2001-2010from 501 kg per capita to 486 kg percapita.Some countries under scrutiny have wastefigures per capita that are above theEuropean average (2010) :
Austria : 591 kg Germany583 kg Netherlands 499 kg Portugal 514 kg
The other two countries are below average: Belgium 434 kg Romania 294 kg
In EU-27 most of the MSW goes to landfills. In AU, BE, GE and NL the amount of waste going
to landfills is almost brought down to zero in2010.
In PT, still almost 62% of all waste is still
going to landfills, in RO this percentage is99%.The treated waste that does not end up in
landfills, can be divided into two parts:- incineration- material recovery.
The latter part is made up of composting &digestion and material recycling.
On a European level 38% of the waste ends up on landfills, 22% is incinerated 40% is recovered
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Research Data
Official Statistical data for the European Union
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/sdi/indicators/theme2
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Statistical data for Europe EU-27 Municipal Solid Waste (EUROSTAT)
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Reducing Measurements
The polluter pays system is enforcing producers to rethink their production.
Stimulating the search for new, more environmental friendly products and
services.
Promoting life cycle thinking and environmental friendly products.
Citizen Responsibility
Stimulating the use of recycled materials
National Prevention Plans implemented for waste reduction and recycling.
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Recycling Measurements
Packaging Ordinance
Voluntary label Green Dot and The Dual System
Improving selective collection of waste and the quality of collected waste Optimization of processing steps to get high quality products
The deposit system for bottles and cans is an effective monetary incentive and
leads to a high recycle quote.
The separation of waste and encouragement to recycle starts with the
CONSUMER.
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Conclusions Successful waste management measures have three components:
1. Financial
2. Government legislation
3.Infrastructure/distribution
The general goal is to reduce the number of landfills and to produce lesswaste per capita in all EU 27 countries.
Ecopoints for plastic, paper, clothes, batteries and electronic waste
should be not a moral obligation, but a legal obligation monetarysanctioned.
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The recycling of cooking oil allows the production of biodiesel, which is used by the
Portuguese public transportation of passengers and also citizen in their cars, few, but
in growing numbers.
Refund system for glass-bottles and cans in Austria and Germany.
High rate of composting and digestion of organic waste;
at home - for gardening
comercial - for biogas and bio fuel.
Citizen resposability regarding the selective collection of urban waste:
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THANK YOU
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