Diagrama Del Sistema Electrico de Carga Grand Cherokee Laredo 95

7/27/2019 Diagrama Del Sistema Electrico de Carga Grand Cherokee Laredo 95

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CLUTCHELECTRICAL

GROUP INDEX

group group

AUDIO SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8FBATTERY/STARTER/GENERATOR SERVICE . . . . 8BBATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S

DIAGNOSTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8ACHIME/BUZZER WARNING SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . 8UHORNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8GIGNITION SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8DINSTRUMENT PANEL AND GAUGES . . . . . . . . . 8ELAMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8LOVERHEAD CONSOLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8CPOWER LOCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8P

POWER M IRRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8TPOWER SEATS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8RPOWER WINDOWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8SREAR WINDOW DEFOGGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8NRESTRAINT SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8MTURN SIGNAL AND HAZARD WARNING

SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8JVEHICLE SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . 8HVEHICLE THEFT ALARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8QWIPER AND WASHER SYSTEM S . . . . . . . . . . . . 8KWIRING DIAGRAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8W

BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEMS DIAGNOSTICS

CONTENTS

page page

BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3CHARGING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17IGNITION-OFF DRAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22STARTING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11USING ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM . . . . 21

GENERAL INFORMATIONThe battery, start ing, and charging systems operate

with one another; therefore, they must be tested as a

complete system. In order for the vehicle to start and

ch a r g e p r op er ly, a l l of t h e com p on e n t s in volved in

these systems must perform within specifications.

G r ou p 8A cov er s b a t t er y, s t a r t in g (F ig . 1) a n d

charging (Fig. 2) system diagnostic procedures. These

procedures include the most basic conventional diag-

nostic methods, to On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) built

into the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). Use of an

induction milliam p am meter, volt/ohmmeter, bat tery

ch a r g e r, ca r bon p ile r h e ost a t (loa d t e st er ), a n d 12-

volt t e st la m p w il l be r e q u ir ed .

ZJ ELECTRICAL 8A - 1
http://95zj_8b.pdf/http://95zj_8u.pdf/http://95zj_8g.pdf/http://95zj_8d.pdf/http://95zj_8e.pdf/http://95zj_8l.pdf/http://95zj_8c.pdf/http://95zj_8p.pdf/http://95zj_8p.pdf/http://95zj_8r.pdf/http://95zj_8s.pdf/http://95zj_8n.pdf/http://95zj_8m.pdf/http://95zj_8n.pdf/http://95zj_8j.pdf/http://95zj_8j.pdf/http://95zj_8h.pdf/http://95zj_8q.pdf/http://95zj_8k.pdf/http://95zj_8w.pdf/http://95zj_8w.pdf/http://95zj_8w.pdf/http://95zj_8k.pdf/http://95zj_8q.pdf/http://95zj_8h.pdf/http://95zj_8j.pdf/http://95zj_8m.pdf/http://95zj_8n.pdf/http://95zj_8s.pdf/http://95zj_8r.pdf/http://95zj_8t.pdf/http://95zj_8p.pdf/http://95zj_8c.pdf/http://95zj_8l.pdf/http://95zj_8e.pdf/http://95zj_8d.pdf/http://95zj_8g.pdf/http://95zj_8u.pdf/http://95zj_8b.pdf/http://95zj_8f.pdf/


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BATTERY

GENERAL INFORMATIONTh e st or a g e ba t t e r y is a d e vice u se d t o st or e e lec-

t r ica l e n e r g y p o t e n t ia l in a ch e m ica l f o r m . W h e n a n

e le ct r ica l loa d is a p plied t o t h e ba t t e r y t e r m in a ls , a n

e le ct r o ch e m ica l r e a ct ion occur s w it h in t h e ba t t e r y.

This reaction causes the battery to discharge electri-

cal current.

T h e b a t t e r y i s m a d e u p o f 6 i n d i v i d u a l c e l l s t h a t

are connected in series. Each cell contains posit ively

ch a r g e d p la t e g r o u p s m a d e o f le a d o x id e , a n d n e g a -

t i ve ly ch a r g ed p la t e g r ou ps m a d e of s pon g e l ea d .

Th es e d is s im i la r m et a l p la t e s a r e s u bm er g ed i n a

sulfuric acid and water solution called electrolyte.

As t h e b a t t er y d is ch a r ges , a g r a du a l ch em ica l

change t akes place within each cell. The sulfuric acid

in t h e e le ct r o ly t e com bin es w it h t h e p la t e m a t e r ia ls ,

ca u sin g bo t h p la t e s t o ch a n g e t o le a d su lf a t e . At t h e

sa m e t im e, ox y ge n f r o m t h e p osit ive p la t e m a t e r ia lcombines with hydrogen from the sulfuric acid, caus-

ing the electrolyte to become mainly water.

Th e ch em ica l ch a n ges w it h in t h e b a tt er y a r e

caused by movement of excess or free electrons be-

t w e e n t h e p osit ive a n d n e ga t ive p la t e g r ou p s. Th is

movement of electrons produces a f low of electrical

cu r r e n t t h r o u g h t h e lo a d d e vice a t t a ch e d t o t h e ba t -

t e r y t e r m in a ls .

As t h e p la t e m a t e r ia ls becom e m or e sim ila r ch e m -

ically, and the electrolyte becomes less acid, the volt-

a g e p ot e n t ia l of e a ch cel l is r e d uce d . H ow e ver, by

ch a r g in g t h e b a t t e ry w i t h a v ol t a g e h ig h er t h a n t h a t

of the battery, the process is reversed.C h a r g i ng t h e b a t t e ry g r a d u a l ly ch a n g es t h e s u l -

f a t e d le a d p la t e s ba ck in t o sp o n g e le a d a n d le a d o x -

ide, and the water back into sulfuric acid. This action

restores the difference in electron charges deposited

on t h e p la t e s, a n d t h e vo lt a g e p ot e n t ia l o f t h e ba t t e r y

cells.

F o r a b a t t e r y t o r e m a i n u s e f u l , i t m u s t b e a b l e t o

produce high-amperage current over an extended pe-

r io d . A ba t t e r y m u st a lso be a ble t o a cce p t a ch a r g e ,

so t h a t i t s vo lt a g e p o t e n t ia l m a y be r e st o r e d .

I n a d d it io n t o p r o d u cin g a n d st o r in g e le ct r ica l e n -

e r gy, t h e ba t t e r y se r ve s a s a ca p a cit or or volt a g e st a -

biliz er f or t h e veh icle e lect r ica l sy st e m . I t a bsor bsa bn o r m a l o r t r a n sie n t vo lt a g es ca u se d by sw it ch in g

of any of the vehicles electrical components.

T h e ba t t e r y is ve n t e d t o r e le a se e x ce ss g a s t h a t is

cr ea t e d w h e n t h e b a t t e ry i s b ei n g c h a r g ed or d i s-

ch a r g ed . Ho w e ve r, e ve n w it h t h e se ve n t s, h y d r og e n

g a s ca n co lle ct in o r a r o u n d t h e ba t t e r y . I f h y d r o g e n

g a s is e x pose d t o f la m e or sp a r k s, i t ca n ig n it e .

If the electrolyte level is low, the battery could arc

i n t er n a l ly a n d e xp lod e. I f t h e b a t t e ry i s e q ui pp ed

w it h r e m o va ble ce l l ca p s, a d d d ist i l le d w a t e r w h e n -

e ve r t h e e le ct r ol y t e l e ve l i s b el ow t h e t op of t h e

plates. I f the battery cell caps cannot be removed, the

bat tery m ust be replaced when the electrolyte level is

low.

WARNING: DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ASSIST BOOST,

CHARGE, OR TEST BATTERY WHEN ELECTRO-

LYTE LEVEL IS BELOW THE TOP OF THE PLATES.

PERSONAL INJURY MAY OCCUR.

BATTERY RATINGSCurrently, there are 2 commonly accepted methods

for rat ing and comparing battery performance. These

r a t in g s a r e ca l le d Co ld Cr a n k in g Am pe r a g e (CCA),

and Reserve Capacity (RC). Be certain that a replace-

m e n t b a t t e r y h a s C C A a n d R C r a t i n g s t h a t e q u a l o r

e xce ed t h e or ig in a l e q u ip m en t sp ecif ica t ion f or t h e

ve h icle bein g se rvice d . Se e B a t t e r y Cla ssi f ica t ion sa n d R a t i n g s c h a r t s i n S p eci fi ca t i on s a t t h e b a c k of

this group.

COLD CRANKING AMPERAGE

The Cold Cranking Amperage (CCA) rating speci-

f ie s h o w m u ch cu r r e n t ( in a m p e r e s) t h e ba t t e r y ca n

deliver for 30 seconds a t -17.7C (0F ). Termina l volt-

a g e m u st n o t f a l l be lo w 7.2 vo lt s d u r in g o r a f t e r t h e

30 second discharge. The CCA required is generally

higher a s engine displacement increases, depending

a lso u p o n t h e st a r t e r cu r r e n t d r a w r e q u ir e m e n t s.

RESERVE CAPACITYTh e R es er v e C a p a c it y (R C ) r a t i n g s peci fi es t h e

t im e ( in m in u t e s) i t t a k e s f o r ba t t e r y t e r m in a l vo lt -

a g e t o f a l l be lo w 10.2 vo lt s a t a d isch a r g e r a t e o f 25

a m ps . R C is d et er min ed w it h t h e b a tt er y fu ll y-

ch a r g e d a t 26.7C (80F ). T h is r a t in g e st im a t e s h o w

l o n g t h e b a t t e r y m i g h t l a s t a f t e r a c h a r g i n g s y s t e m

failure, under minimum electrical load.

DIAGNOSISTh e ba t t e r y m u st be com p le t ely ch a r g e d a n d t h e

t o p, p ost s , a n d t e r m in a l cla m p s sh ou ld be p r op er ly

cleaned before dia gnostic procedures ar e performed.

Re fe r t o Gr o u p 8B - B a t t e r y /St a r t e r /Ge n e r a t o r Se r -vice for more information.

The condition of a bat tery is determined by tw o cri-

t e r ia :

(1) State-Of-Charge Th is ca n be d e t e r m in e d byviewing t he built-in test indicat or, by checking spe-

cific gravity of the electrolyte (hydrometer test), or by

checking bat tery volta ge (open circuit voltage test).

(2) Cranking Capacity Th is ca n be d e t er m in edb y p er f or m in g a b a t t e ry l oa d t e st , w h i ch m ea s u r es

t h e a b i li t y of t h e b a t t e ry t o s u pp ly h i gh -a m p er a g e

current.

ZJ BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS 8A - 3


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I f t h e ba t t e r y h a s a bu il t - in t e st in d ica t o r , u se t h is

t e st f ir st . I f i t h a s n o t e st in d ica t o r , bu t h a s r e m o v-

a ble ce ll ca p s, p er f or m t h e h y d r om e t er t e st f ir st . I f

cel l ca p s a r e n o t r e m ova ble, or a h y d r om e t er is n o t

available, perform the open circuit voltage test f irst .

Th e b a t t e r y m u s t b e ch a r g ed b ef or e p roce ed in g

w i t h a l o a d t e s t i f :

the built-in test indicator has a black or dark colorvisible

t h e t e m pe r a t u r e cor r e ct e d sp ecif ic g r a vit y is less

than 1.235

the open circuit voltage is less than 12.4 volts.

A b a t t er y t h a t w i ll n ot a c cep t a ch a r ge i s f a u lt y

a n d f u r t h e r t e st in g is n o t r e q u ir e d . A ba t t e r y t h a t is

f ul ly -ch a r ged , b ut d oes n ot pa s s t h e l oa d t es t i s

f a u lt y a n d m u st be r e p la ce d .

Completely discharged batteries may takeseveral hours to accept a charge. See ChargingCompletely Discharged Battery.

A battery is fully-charged when:

a l l cel ls a r e g a ssin g f r e ely d u r in g ch a r g in g a g r een col or i s v i s ib le i n t h e s i g h t g la s s of t h e

built-in test indicat or

t h r ee cor r ect e d s pe ci fi c g r a v it y t e st s , t a k e n a t

1-hour interva ls, indicate no increase in specific grav-

it y

open circuit voltage is 12.4 volts or greater.

ABNORMAL BATTERY DISCHARGING

Any of the following conditions can result in abnor-

m a l ba t t e r y d isch a r g in g :

(1) C or r od e d ba t t e r y p o st s a n d t e r m in a ls .

(2) Loose or worn generator drive belt .

(3) Elect r ica l lo a d s t h a t e xcee d t h e ou t p u t of t h e

charging system, possibly due to equipment installed

a f t e r m a n u f a ct u r e o r r e p ea t e d sh o r t t r ip u se.

(4) Slow driving speeds (heavy traffic conditions) or

p r olon g ed id lin g w it h h ig h -a m p e r a g e d r a w sy st e m s

in use.

(5) Fault y circuit or component causing excessive

ignit ion-off dra w. See I gnit ion-Off Dra w in t his group

for diagnosis.

(6) F a u lt y ch a r g in g sy st e m .

(7) Faulty or incorrect battery.

BUILT-IN TEST INDICATOR

A t e st in d ica t or (h y d r om e t er ) bu ilt in t o t h e t o p o f

the battery case, provides visual information for bat-

t e r y t e st in g (F ig . 3) . I t is im p o r t a n t w h e n u sin g t h e

t e s t i n d i c a t o r t h a t t h e b a t t e r y b e l e v e l a n d h a v e a

clean sight glass to see correct indicat ions. Additional

light may be required to view indicator.

WARNING: DO NOT USE OPEN FLAME AS ASOURCE OF ADDITIONAL LIGHT FOR VIEWINGTEST INDICATOR. EXPLOSIVE HYDROGEN GASMAY BE PRESENT IN THE AREA SURROUNDING

BATTERY.

Like a hydrometer, the built-in test indicator mea-

sures the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Specific

g r a v it y w i ll i n di ca t e b a t t e ry s t a t e -of -ch a r g e. H o w -

ever, the test indicator will not indicate cranking ca-

pacity of th e ba tt ery. S ee Load Test in this group for

more informat ion.

L o o k in t o t h e sig h t g la ss a n d n o t e t h e co lo r o f t h e

indicator (Fig. 4). Refer to the following description,as the color indicates:

GREENindicat es 75% to 100% sta te-of-char ge.T h e ba t t e r y is a d e q u a t e ly ch a r g e d f o r f u r t h e r t e st -

in g o r r e t u r n t o u se . I f t h e ve h icle w il l n o t cr a n k f o r

a m in im u m of 15 se con d s w it h a f u lly -ch a r g ed ba t -

tery, perform L oad Test.

BLACK OR DARKindicat es 0% to 75% sta te-of-charge.

Th e b a t t er y i s i n a d e q ua t e ly ch a r g ed a n d m u s t b e

ch a r g e d u n t i l g r ee n in d ica t or (F ig . 4) is visible in

sight glass (12.4 volts or more) before the battery is

t e st ed f u r t h er or r e t u r n ed t o u se . Se e Abn or m a l B a t -

t e r y D isch a r g in g in t h is g r o u p t o d ia g n o se ca u se o f

discharged condition.

YELLOW OR BRI GHTindicat es low electrolytelevel.

The electrolyte level in the battery is below test in-

dicator. A maintenance-free battery with non-remov-

able cell caps must be replaced if electrolyte level is

low . Wa t e r ca n be a d d ed t o a low -m a in t e n a n ce ba t -

tery with removable cell caps. A low electrolyte level

m a y be ca u se d by a n over -ch a r g in g con d it ion . Se e

Ch a r g in g Sy st e m in t h is g r o u p t o d ia g n o se a n o ve r -

charging condition.

WARNING: DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CHARGE, TEST,OR ASSIST BOOST BATTERY WHEN YELLOW ORBRIGHT COLOR IS VISIBLE IN SIGHT GLASS OF

TEST INDICATOR. LOW ELECTROLYTE LEVEL CANALLOW BATTERY TO ARC INTERNALLY AND EX-PLODE. PERSONAL INJURY MAY OCCUR.

HYDROMETER TEST

Th e h y d r om e t er t e st r e ve a ls t h e ba t t e r y st a t e -of -

ch a r g e by m e a su r in g t h e sp ecif ic g r a vit y of t h e e le c-

t r o ly t e . Th is t e st ca n n ot be p er f or m e d on ba t t e r ies

Fig. 3 Built-In Test Indicator

8A - 4 BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM S DIAGNOSTICS ZJ


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BATTERY DIAGNOSIS



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LOAD TEST

A ba t t e r y lo a d t e st w il l ve r i f y ba t t e r y cr a n k in g ca -

p a cit y . T h e t e st is ba se d o n t h e Co ld Cr a n k in g Am -

per a g e (C C A) r a t in g of t h e b a t t er y. S ee B a t t e r y

Classifications and Ratings chart in Specifications, at

t h e ba ck o f t h is g r ou p .

WARNING: IF BATTERY SHOWS SIGNS OF FREEZ-ING, LEAKING, LOOSE POSTS, OR LOW ELECTRO-

LYTE LEVEL, DO NOT LOAD TEST. PERSONALINJURY AND/OR VEHICLE DAMAGE MAY RESULT.

Before performing load test, the battery mustbe FULLY-CHARGED.

(1) Remove both battery cables, negative first . Bat-

t e r y t o p a n d p o st s sh o u ld be cle a n .

(2) Co n n ect a su it a ble volt -a m m e t e r -loa d t e st er

(Fig. 6) to the battery posts (Fig. 7). Refer to operat-ing instructions provided with the tester being used.

Ch e ck t h e o p e n cir cu it vo lt a g e (n o lo a d ) o f t h e ba t -

t e ry. O pen ci r cu it v ol t a g e m u s t b e 12. 4 v ol t s or

greater.

(3) Rotate the load control knob (carbon pile rheo-

stat) to apply a 300 amp load for 15 seconds, then re-

t u r n t h e con t r ol k n ob t o O F F (F i g. 8). Th i s w i ll

r e m ove t h e su r f a ce ch a r g e f r om t h e ba t t e r y.

(4) Allow t h e ba t t e r y t o st a bil iz e t o op en cir cu it

v o l t a g e . I t m a y t a k e u p t o 5 m i n u t e s f o r v o l t a g e t o

stabilize.

(5) Rotate the load control knob to maintain a load

equal to 50%of CCA rating (Fig. 9). After 15 seconds,

r ecor d t h e l oa d e d v ol t a g e r ea d i n g, t h en r et u r n t h e

load control knob to OFF.

(6) Vol t a g e d r op w i ll v a r y w i t h b a t t e ry t e m pe ra -

t u r e a t t h e t im e of t h e loa d t e st . B a t t e r y t e m p er a t u r e

ca n b e e s t im a t e d b y t h e a m b i en t t e m pe ra t u r e ov er

t h e pa s t s ev er a l h ou rs . I f t h e b a t ter y h a s b een

ch a r g e d , bo ost e d , o r loa d e d a f ew m in u t es p r ior t o

OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE

Fig. 5 Testing Open Circuit Voltage

Fig. 6 Volt-Amps-Load Tester (Typical)

Fig. 7 Volt-Ammeter-Load Tester Connections

Fig. 8 Remove Surface Charge from Battery



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t e st , t h e ba t t e r y w il l be so m e w h a t w a r m e r . Se e L o a d

Te st Te m pe r a t u r e ch a r t f or p r op er loa d e d volt a g e

reading.

(7) If the voltmeter reading falls below 9.6 volts, at

a m in im u m ba t t e r y t e m pe r a t u r e o f 21 C (70 F ), r e -place the battery.

BATTERY CHARGINGA battery is fully-charged when:

a l l cel ls a r e g a ssin g f r e ely d u r in g ch a r g in g

a g r ee n color is visible in sigh t g la ss of bu il t -in

test indicator

t h r ee cor r ect e d s pe ci fi c g r a v it y t e st s , t a k e n a t

1-hour interva ls, indicate no increase in specific grav-

it y open circuit voltage is 12.4 volts or above.

WARNING: DO NOT ASSIST BOOST OR CHARGE A

BATTERY THAT HAS LOW ELECTROLYTE LEVEL

OR IS FROZEN. BATTERY MAY ARC INTERNALLY

AND EXPLODE.

WARNING: EXPLOSIVE HYDROGEN GAS FORMS IN

AND AROUND BATTERY. DO NOT SMOKE, USE

FLAME, OR CREATE SPARKS NEAR BATTERY.

WARNING: POISONOUS AND CAUSTIC. BATTERY

CONTAINS SULFURIC ACID. AVOID CONTACT WITH

SKIN, EYES, OR CLOTHING. IN EVENT OF CON-

TACT, FLUSH WITH WATER AND CALL PHYSICIANIMMEDIATELY. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHIL-

DREN.

CAUTION: Always disconnect the battery negativecable before charging battery to avoid damage toelectrical system components. Do not exceed 16.0

volts while charging battery.

B a t t e r y e le ct r o ly t e w il l bu bble in sid e ba t t e r y ca se

d u ri n g n or m a l b a t t e r y ch a r g in g . I f t h e e le ct r ol yt e

b oi ls , or i s d i sch a r g ed f r om t h e v en t h ol es w h i le

ch a r g in g , im m e d ia t e ly r e d u ce ch a r g in g r a t e o r t u r n

O F F ch a r g e r a n d e va lu a t e ba t t e r y co n d it io n .

Battery should not be hot to the touch. If thebattery feels hot to the touch, turn OFFcharger and let battery cool before continuingcharging operation.

So m e ba t t e r y ch a r g e r s a r e e q u ip p e d w it h p o la r i t y

sensing circuitry. This circuitry protects the charger

an d/or bat tery fr om being da ma ged if improperly con-

nected.

If the battery state-of-charge is too low for the po-

larity sensing circuitry to detect , the charger will not

op er a t e . Th i s m a k es i t a p pe a r t h a t t h e b a t t e ry w i l l

n ot a cce pt ch a r g in g cu r r en t . Re fe r t o in st r u ct ion s

p r o vid e d w it h t h e ba t t e r y ch a r g e r be in g u se d t o by -

pass the polarity sensing circuitry.

After the battery has been charged to 12.4 volts or

g r ea t e r, p er f or m a loa d t e st t o d e t e r m in e cr a n k in g

ca p a cit y. I f t h e ba t t e r y w il l en d u r e a loa d t e st , r e t u r n

t h e b a t t e r y t o u s e . I f t h e b a t t e r y w i l l n o t e n d u r e a

loa d t e st , i t m u st be r e pla ced .

Cle a n a n d in spe ct ba t t e r y h old d ow n s, t r a y , t e r m i-

nals, posts, and top before completing service. Refer

to G roup 8B - Ba ttery/St art er/G enera tor Service for

more informat ion.

CHARGING TIME REQUIRED

The t ime required to charge a battery will vary, de-

pending upon the following factors:

Fig. 9 Load 50% CCA Rating - Note Voltage

BATTERY CHARGING TIME TABLE



9/22


10/22

IGNITION-OFF DRAW

GENERAL INFORMATIONI g n it i on -O ff D r a w (I O D ) r ef er s t o p ow e r b ei n g

d r a i n ed f r om t h e b a t t e ry w i t h t h e i g n it i on s w i t ch

t u r n e d O F F. A n o rm a l veh icle e le ct r ica l sy st e m w il l

d r a w f r om 5 t o 20 m il l ia m p s (0.005 - 0.020 a m p s).

This is with the ignit ion switch in the OFF posit ion,

a n d a l l n on -ig n it ion con t r o lled cir cu it s in p r op er

working order. The 20 milliamps are needed to sup-

ply P CM memory, digital clock memory, an d electron-

ically-tuned radio memory.

A veh icle t h a t h a s n ot bee n op er a t e d f o r a p pr ox i-

m a t e l y 2 0 d a y s , m a y d i s c h a r g e t h e b a t t e r y t o a n i n -

a d e q u a t e leve l. Wh e n a veh icle w il l n ot be u se d f o r

20 days or more (stored), remove the IOD fuse in the

P ow e r D ist r ibut ion Ce n t e r (P D C). Th is w il l r e d u ce

ba t t e r y d isch a r g in g .

Ex ce ssive ba t t e r y d r a in ca n be ca u se d by :

electrical items left on faulty or improperly adjusted switches

internally shorted generator

in t e r m it t e n t sh o r t s in t h e w ir in g .

I f t h e I O D is o ver 20 m ill ia m p s, t h e p r oblem m u st

be found and corrected before replacing a battery. In

m o st ca se s, t h e ba t t e r y ca n be ch a r g e d a n d r e t u r n e d

to service.

DIAGNOSISTesting for high-amperage IOD must be per-

formed first to prevent damage to most milli-amp meters.

(1) Ve r if y t h a t a l l e le ct r ica l a cce ssor ies a r e of f .Turn off a ll la mps, remove ignit ion key, a nd close all

doors. I f the vehicle is equipped with illuminated en-

try or electronically-tuned radio, allow the systems to

a u t o m a t ica l ly sh u t o f f ( t im e o u t ) . T h is m a y t a k e u p

t o 3 m in u t es.

(2) D e t e r m in e t h a t t h e u n d e r h o o d la m p is o p e r a t -

ing properly, then disconnect or remove bulb.

(3) Disconnect negative cable from battery.

(4) Connect a typical 12-volt test lamp (low-wa tt-

a g e bu lb) be t w e e n t h e n e g a t ive ca ble cla m p a n d t h e

ba t t e r y n e g a t ive t e r m in a l . Ma k e su r e t h a t t h e d o o r s

r e m a in close d so t h a t i l lu m in a t e d e n t r y is n o t a ct i-

va t e d .

T h e t e st la m p m a y l ig h t br ig h t ly f o r u p t o 3 m in -

u t e s, o r m a y n o t l ig h t a t a l l , d e p e n d in g u p o n t h e ve -

h icles e le ct r ica l e q u ip m en t . Th e t e r m br igh t ly, a s

u s ed t h r ou g hou t t h e f ol low i n g t e st s , i m pl ie s t h e

b r ig h t n es s o f t h e t e s t l a m p w i l l b e t h e s a m e a s i f i t

were connected across the battery.

The test lamp must be securely clam ped t o the neg-

a t i v e c a b l e c l a m p a n d b a t t e r y n e g a t i v e t e r m i n a l . I f

t h e t e st la m p becom e s d iscon n e ct e d d u r in g a n y p a r t

of the IOD test , the electronic t imer function will be

a ct iva t e d a n d a l l t e st s m u st be r e p e a t e d .

(5) Af t e r 3 m in u t e s t h e t e st la m p sh o u ld t u r n o f f

or be dimly lit , depending upon the vehicles electri-

ca l e q u ip m e n t . I f t h e t e st la m p r e m a in s br ig h t ly l i t ,

d o n ot d is con n ect i t . R em ov e e a ch f u se or ci rcu it

breaker (refer t o G roup 8W - Wiring D iagra ms) until

t e st la m p is e i t h e r o f f o r d im ly l i t . T h is w il l iso la t e

e a ch cir cu it a n d id e n t i f y t h e so u r ce o f t h e h ig h - a m -

p er a g e d r a w .

If the test lamp is st ill brightly lit after disconnect-

ing each fuse and circuit breaker, disconnect the wir-

i n g h a r n e s s f r om t h e g en er a t o r. I f t e st l a m p n o w

t u r n s o f f o r is d im ly l i t , se e Ch a r g in g Sy st e m in t h is

group t o diagnose fa ulty genera tor. D o not disconnect

t h e t e st la m p .

After high-amperage IOD has been corrected, low-

a m p e r a g e I O D m a y be ch e ck e d . I t is n o w sa f e t o in -

s t a l l a m i ll ia m p m et e r t o ch eck f or l ow - a m pe ra g e

I O D .

(6) With test lamp still connected securely, clamp am i ll ia m p m et e r b et w e en b a t t e ry n eg a t i v e t e rm i na l

a n d n e ga t ive ca ble cla m p .

Do not open any doors or turn on any electri-cal accessories with the test lamp disconnectedor the milliamp meter may be damaged.

(7) Disconnect test lamp. Observe milliamp meter.

Th e cur r e n t d r a w sh ou ld n ot e xcee d 0.020 a m p . I f

draw exceeds 20 milliamps, isolat e each circuit by r e-

m ov in g ci r cu it b r ea k er s a n d f us es . Th e m i ll ia m p

m e t er r e a d in g w il l d r o p w h e n t h e so u r ce o f t h e d r a w

i s d is con n ect e d. R ep a ir t h i s ci r cu it a s n eces s a r y,

w h e t h e r a w ir in g sh o r t , in co r r e ct sw it ch a d ju st m e n t

or a component failure is found.



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12/22

WIRING INSPECTION

Inspect wiring for damage. Inspect all connections

a t :

starter solenoid

park/neutra l posit ion switch (aut oma tic t ra nsmis-

sion)

clutch pedal posit ion switch (manual transmission)

ignit ion switch st a r t e r r e la y

bat tery (including all ground connections).

C l ea n , t i gh t e n a n d r ep a i r a l l con n ect i on s a s r e-

quired.

SOLENOID, RELAY AND SWITCH INSPECTIONS

I n sp ect t h e solen oid , r e la y a n d ig n it ion sw it ch t o

determine their condition. Also, if equipped with au-

t o m a t ic t r a n sm ission , in spe ct con d it ion of t h e p a r k /

n eu t r a l p os it i on s w i t ch . I f e q ui pp ed w i t h m a n u a l

t r a n sm ission , in spe ct con d it ion of t h e clu t ch p ed a l

posit ion switch. Testing informa tion can be found in

the following pages.



13/22

STARTING SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS



14/22

COLD CRANKING TEST

(1) B a t t e r y m u st be f u l ly - ch a r g e d a n d lo a d t e st e d

before proceeding. See Battery, in this group.

(2) C o n ne ct a s u it a b l e v ol t -a m p er e t e st e r t o t h e

battery terminals (Fig. 12). Refer to the operating in-

structions provided with the tester being used.

(3) F u ll y en g a ge pa r k in g b ra k e. P l a ce m a n u a l

t r a n sm issio n in N EU T RAL a n d f u l ly d e p r e ss clu t ch

p e d a l . Pla ce a u t o m a t ic t r a n sm issio n in PARK .

(4) Verify that all lamps and accessories are OFF.

(5) U n p lu g Au t o S h u t -D ow n (AS D ) r el a y f r om

P ow e r D ist r ibu t ion Ce n t e r (PD C ) t o p r e ven t e n gin e

f r o m st a r t in g . Re la y lo ca t io n is sh o w n o n u n d e r sid e

of PDC cover.

(6) R ot a t e a n d h ol d t h e i gn it i on s w it ch i n t h e

START posit ion. Note cranking volta ge a nd am per-

age.

(a ) I f vo lt a g e r e a d s a bove 9.6 volt s a n d a m p e r a g e

d r a w r e a d s a bo ve sp ecif ica t ion s, see F e ed Cir cu it

Test s.

(b) I f volt a g e r e a d s 12.5 volt s o r g r e a t e r a n d a m -

pera ge read s below specificat ions, see Control Cir-

cuit Tests .

A cold engine will increase starter current

and reduce battery voltage.

FEED CIRCUIT TESTS

The starter feed circuit tests (voltage drop method)

w il l d e t e r m in e i f t h e r e is e xce ssive r e sist a n ce in t h ehigh-amperage circuit . When performing these tests,

it is important that the voltmeter be connected prop-

e r ly. Co n n ect volt m e t er lea d s t o t h e t e r m in a ls t h a t

the cable connectors or clamps are at tached to, not to

the cable connectors or clamps. For exam ple: When

t e st in g be t w e e n t h e ba t t e r y a n d so le n o id , t o u ch t h e

vo lt m e t e r le a d s t o t h e ba t t e r y p o st a n d t h e so le n o id

t h r e a d e d st u d .

The following operation will require a voltmeter ac-

curat e t o 1/10 (0.10) volt. B efore performing th e t ests,

be certain the following procedures ar e a ccomplished:

u n p lu g Au t o Sh u t -D o w n (ASD ) r e la y f r om P ow e r

D i s t ri bu t i on C e nt e r (P D C ) t o p re ve nt e ng in e f r om

st a r t in g

p la c e t r a n s m i ss ion i n N E U TR AL (m a n u a l t r a n s -

mission) or PARK (automatic transmission)

install a jumper wire between two clutch pedal po-

sit ion switch connectors (manual transmission)

parking brake is applied b a t t er y i s f ul ly -ch a r ged (s ee B a t t e r y, i n t h is

group).

(1) Con n e ct p osit ive lea d of volt m e t er t o ba t t e r y

n e ga t ive p ost . Co n n ect n e g a t ive le a d of volt m e t er t o

b a t t e ry n eg a t i v e c a b l e cl a m p (F i g. 13). R ot a t e a n d

hold ignit ion switch in the START posit ion. Observe

voltmeter. I f voltage is detected, correct poor contact

bet w e e n ca ble cla m p a n d p ost .

(2) Con n e ct p osit ive lea d of volt m e t er t o ba t t e r y

p osit ive p ost . Co n n ect n e ga t ive lea d of volt m e t er t o

b a t t e ry p os it i v e ca b l e cl a m p (F i g. 13). R ot a t e a n d

hold ignit ion switch in the START posit ion. Observevoltmeter. I f voltage is detected, correct poor contact

bet w e e n ca ble cla m p a n d p ost .

(3) Connect voltmeter to measure between the bat-

t e ry p os it i ve p os t a n d t h e s t a r t e r s ol en oi d b a t t e ry

stud (Fig. 14). Rotate and hold ignit ion switch in the

START posit ion. Observe voltmeter. I f volta ge reads

above 0.2 volt , correct poor conta ct a t bat tery cable to

solen oid con n e ct ion . Re pe a t t e st . I f r e a d in g is s t i l l

above 0.2 volt , replace battery posit ive cable.(4) Connect voltmeter to measure between the bat-

t e ry n eg a t i v e p os t a n d a g ood cl ea n g r ou n d on t h e

en g in e b lock (F i g. 15). R ot a t e a n d h ol d i gn i t ion

switch in the START posit ion. Observe voltmeter. I f

voltage reads above 0.2 volt , correct poor conta ct a t

ba t t e r y n e ga t ive ca ble a t t a ch in g p oin t . Re pe a t t e st . I f

r e a d in g is s t i l l a bo ve 0.2 vo lt , r e p la ce ba t t e r y n e g a -

tive cable.

(5) Co n n ect p osit ive lea d of volt m e t er t o st a r t e r

h ou sin g. Co n n ect n e g a t ive lea d of volt m e t er t o ba t -

t e r y n e g a t ive t e r m in a l (F ig . 16). Ro t a t e a n d h o ld ig -

Fig. 12 Volt-Amps Tester Connections (Typical)

Fig. 13 Test Battery Connection Resistance



15/22

n it i on s w it ch i n t h e S TAR T p os it ion . O bs er vevoltmeter. If voltage reads above 0.2 volt, correct poor

st a r t e r t o e n g in e g r o u n d .

If resistance t ests detect no feed circuit problems,

r em ov e t h e s t a r t e r a n d s ee S ol en oi d Te st i n t h i s

group.

CONTROL CIRCUIT TESTS

The starter control circuit consists of:

starter solenoid

st a r t e r r e la y

ignit ion switch

park/neutral posit ion switch (aut omatic t ra nsmis-

sion)

clutch pedal posit ion switch (manual transmission) wiring harness and connections.

Te st p r oced u r es f or t h e se com p on e n t s a r e a s f ol-

lows, and should be followed in the order described.

CAUTION: Before performing any test, unplug Auto

Shut-Down (ASD) relay from Power Distribution

Center (PDC) to prevent engine from starting.

SOLENOID TEST

Refer to G roup 8B - Ba tt ery/St art er/G enera tor Ser-

vice for starter removal procedures.

(1) Disconnect solenoid field coil wire from fieldcoil terminal.

(2) Check for continuity between solenoid terminal

and field coil terminal with a continuity tester. There

should be continuity (Fig. 17).

(3) Check for continuity between solenoid terminal

an d solenoid case. There should be continuity (Fig.

18).

(4) If there is continuity, solenoid is good. If there

is n o co n t in u it y in e i t h e r t e st , so le n o id h a s a n o p e n

circuit and is faulty. Replace starter assembly.

(5) Connect solenoid field coil wire to field coil ter-

m in a l .

(6) I n st a l l s t a r t e r a s d e scr ibe d in Gr o u p 8B - B a t -

tery/St a rt er/G enerat or Service.

Fig. 14 Test Battery Positive Cable Resistance

(Typical)

Fig. 15 Test Ground Circuit Resistance

Fig. 16 Test Starter Ground (Typical)

Fig. 17 Continuity Test Between Solenoid Terminaland Field Coil Terminal

Fig. 18 Continuity Test Between Solenoid Terminaland Solenoid Case



16/22

RELAY TEST

Th e st a r t e r r e la y is in t h e P ow e r D ist r ibu t ion Ce n -

ter (PD C)(Fig. 19). Refer to t he underside of the P DC

cover for relay location.

Re m o ve st a r t e r r e la y f r o m PD C t o p e r f o r m t h e f o l-

lowing tests:

(1) A r e la y in t h e d e -e n er g ize d p osit ion sh ou ld

h a ve co n t in u it y be t w e e n t e r m in a ls 87A a n d 30, a n d

no continuity between terminals 87 and 30. If OK, go

t o n e x t st e p. I f n ot O K , r e p la ce f a u lt y r e la y .

(2) Resistance between terminals 85 and 86 (elec-

tromagnet) should be 755 o h m s . I f O K , g o t o n e x t

step. If not OK, replace faulty relay.

(3) C on n ect a b a t t er y t o t er m in a l s 85 a n d 86.

Th e r e sh o u ld n ow be con t in u it y bet w e e n t e r m ina ls

30 a n d 87, a n d n o con t in u it y bet w e e n t e r m in a ls 87A

a n d 30. I f O K , g o t o R el a y C i r cu it Te st . I f n ot O K ,

replace faulty relay.

RELAY CIRCUIT TEST

(1) The common feed terminal (30) is connected to

ba t t e r y vo lt a g e a n d sh o u ld be h o t a t a l l t im e s. I f O K ,g o t o n e x t st e p . I f n o t O K , ch e ck cir cu it t o f u se F 12

i n P ow e r D i s t r ib u t ion C e n t er (P D C ). R ep a ir a s r e-

quired.

(2) Th e n or m a lly closed t e r m ina l (87A) is con -

n e ct e d t o t e r m ina l 30 in t h e d e -e n er g ize d p osit ion ,

bu t is n o t u sed f or t h is a p plica t ion . G o t o n e x t st e p.

(3) The normally open terminal (87) is connected to

t h e ba t t e r y t e r m in a l (30) in t h e e n er g ize d p osit ion .

T h is t e r m in a l su p p lie s ba t t e r y vo lt a g e t o t h e st a r t e r

solenoid field coils. There should be continuity be-

t w e e n ca vit y f or r e la y t e r m in a l 87 a n d t h e st a r t e r so-

len oid t e r m in a l a t a l l t im es. I f O K , g o t o n e xt st e p. I f

not OK, repair circuit to solenoid as required.

(4) The coil bat tery termina l (86) is connected to

t h e e le ct r o m a g n e t in t h e r e la y . I t is e n e r g iz e d w h e n

the ignit ion switch is in the START posit ion. C heck

f or b a t t e ry v ol t a g e a t ca v i t y f or r el a y t e rm i n a l 8 6

with ignit ion switch in t he S TART posit ion. I f OK, go

t o n e xt s t ep . I f n ot O K a n d v eh i cl e h a s a u t om a t i c

t r a n sm ission , r e fe r t o G r ou p 8D - I g n it ion Sy st e m s

f o r t e st in g a n d se r vice o f t h e ig n it io n sw it ch . I f n o t

O K a n d v eh i cl e h a s m a n u a l t r a n s m is s ion , r ef er t o

Group 6 - Clutch for testing and service of the clutch

pedal posit ion switch.

(5) The coil ground termina l (85) is connected tot h e e le ct r o m a g n e t in t h e r e la y . O n ve h icle s w it h a n

a u t o m a t ic t r a n sm ission , i t is g r o un d e d t h r o u gh t h e

p a r k/n eu t r a l p os i t ion s w i t ch . O n v eh i cl es w i t h a

m a n u a l t r a n sm is si on , i t i s g rou nd ed a t a l l t i mes .

Check for continuity to ground at cavity for relay ter-

m i n a l 8 5 . I f n o t O K a n d v e h i c l e h a s m a n u a l t r a n s -

m i ss ion , r ep a ir ci rcu it a s r eq u ir ed . I f n ot O K a n d

veh icle h a s a u t o m a t ic t r a n sm ission , r e fe r t o G r ou p

21 - Tra nsmission an d Tra nsfer Ca se for testing a nd

service of t he pa rk/neutr a l position sw itch.

IGNITION SWITCH TEST

R ef er t o G r o up 8D - I g n it i on S y s t em s f or t e st i n gand service of this component.

PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION SWITCH TEST

R ef er t o G r o up 21 - Tr a n s m is s ion a n d Tr a n s f er

Case for testing and service of this component.

CLUTCH PEDAL POSITION SWITCH TEST

Refer to Group 6 - Clutch for testing and service of

this component.

Fig. 19 Power Distribution Center

STARTER RELAY CONNECTIONS



17/22


18/22


19/22

(6) Connect posit ive lead of a test voltmeter (range

0-18 volts minimum) t o disconnected genera tor out-

p u t w ir e . Co n n e ct n e g a t ive le a d o f t e st vo lt m e t e r t o

battery posit ive cable at posit ive post .

(7) Con n e ct on e e n d o f a ju m p er w ir e t o g r ou n d

a n d w i t h ot h e r e n d p rob e g r ee n K 2 0 f i el d w i r e a t

back of generator (Fig. 21). This will generate a DTC.

CAUTION: Do not connect green/orange A142 fieldwire to ground. Refer to Group 8W - Wiring Dia-grams for more information.

(8) Co n n ect a n e n gin e t a ch om e t er, t h e n con n e ct

ba t t e r y n e ga t ive ca ble t o ba t t e r y.

(9) C on n ect a v a r i a b le ca r b on p il e r h eos t a t b e-

t w e en b a t t e r y t e r m in a l s . B e s u r e c a r bon p il e i s i n

O PEN o r O F F p o sit io n be f o r e co n n e ct in g le a d s. Se e

Load Test in this group for instructions.

TEST

(1) S t a r t e ng in e. I m m ed ia t e ly a f t e r s t a r t i n g, r e-

duce engine speed to idle.

(2) Adjust engine speed and carbon pi le to maintain

20 amperes flowing in circuit . Observe voltmeter read-

ing. Voltmeter reading should not exceed 0.5 volts.

RESULTS

I f a h i gh er v ol t age drop i s i n di cat ed, i n sp ect , cl ean

and t ighten al l connections. This includes any connec-

tion between generator battery output terminal and bat-

tery positive post. A voltage drop test may be performed

at each connection to locate the connection with exces-

sive resistance. I f resistance tests sat isfactori ly, reduce

engine speed, turn OFF carbon pi le and turn OFF igni-

t ion switch.


(2) Remove test am meter, voltmeter, carbon pile,

and tachometer.

(3) Remove jumper wire.

(4) C on n ect g en er a t o r ou t pu t w i r e t o g en er a t o r

bat tery output termina l. Tighten nut to 8.51.5 N m

(7515 in. lbs.).

(5) Connect negative cable to battery.

(6) U se D RB sca n t o o l t o e r a se D T C.

CURRENT OUTPUT TESTThe generat or current output t est determines whether

generator can del iver i ts rated current output.

PREPARATION

(1) B ef or e s t a r t i n g t e st m a k e s u re v eh i cl e h a s a

f u lly -ch a r g ed ba t t e r y. Se e B a t t e r y in t h is g r ou p f o r

more informat ion.


(3) Disconnect generator output wire at the gener-

a t o r ba t t e r y o u t p u t t e r m in a l .

Fig. 21 Generator Output Wire Resistance Test (Typical)



20/22

(4) C on n ect a 0-150 a m p er e s ca l e D C a m m e t er

(Fig. 22). Install in series between generator battery

ou t p u t t e r m in a l a n d d iscon n e ct e d g e n er a t o r ou t p u t

w ir e . Co n n ect p osit ive le a d t o g e n er a t or ba t t e r y ou t -

p u t t e r m in a l a n d n e g a t ive le a d t o d isco n n e ct e d g e n -

erator output wire.

(5) Connect positive lead of a test voltmeter (range 0-18

volts minimum) to generator battery output terminal.(6) C o nn ect n eg a t i v e l ea d of t e st v ol t m et e r t o a

good ground.

(7) Co n n ect a n e n gin e t a ch om e t er, t h e n con n e ct

ba t t e r y n e ga t ive ca ble t o ba t t e r y.

(8) C on n ect a v a r i a b le ca r b on p il e r h eos t a t b e-

t w e en b a t t e r y t e r m in a l s . B e s u r e c a r bon p il e i s i n

O PEN o r O F F p o sit io n be f o r e co n n e ct in g le a d s. Se e

Load Test in this group for instructions.

(9) Con n e ct on e e n d o f a ju m p er w ir e t o g r ou n d

a n d w i t h ot h e r e n d p rob e g r ee n K 2 0 f i el d w i r e a t

back of generator (Fig. 22). This will generate a DTC.

CAUTION: Do not connect green/orange A142 fieldwire to ground. Refer to Group 8W - Wiring Dia-grams for more information.

TEST

(1) S t a r t e ng in e. I m m ed ia t e ly a f t e r s t a r t i n g, r e-

duce engine speed to idle.

(2) Adjust carbon pile a nd engine speed in incre-

ments until a speed of 1250 rpm and voltmeter read-

ing of 15 volts is obtained.

CAUTION: Do not allow voltage meter to read above

16 volts.

(3) Th e a m m e t er r ea d i n g m u s t b e w i t h in l im i t s

shown in Generator Output Voltage Specifications.

RESULTS

(1) I f r e a d in g is le ss t h a n sp e cif ie d a n d g e n e r a t o r

ou t p u t w ir e r e sist a n ce is n ot e xcessive , g en e r a t o r

s h ou ld b e r e pl a ced . R ef er t o G r o up 8B - B a t t e r y/

St a rt er/G enerat or Service.

(2) After current output test is completed, reduce

engine speed, turn OFF carbon pile and turn OFF ig-

nit ion switch.


(4) Re m ove t e st a m m e t e r, volt m e t er , t a ch om e t er

and carbon pile.(5) Remove jumper wire (Fig. 22).

(6) C on n ect g en er a t o r ou t pu t w i r e t o g en er a t o r

bat tery output termina l. Tighten nut to 8.51.5 N m

(7515 in. lbs.).

(7) Connect negative cable to battery.

(8) U se D RB sca n t o o l t o e r a se D T C.

Fig. 22 Generator Current Output Test (Typical)



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Diagrama Del Sistema Electrico de Carga Grand Cherokee Laredo 95

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