El consumidor turístico y el uso de las nuevas tecnologías

7/23/2019 El consumidor turstico y el uso de las nuevas tecnologas

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EHFQI]HM MA ]QZKVOD [ EKBHB^HV

LZHMD AB ]QZKVOD

AI FDBVQOKMDZ ]QZV]KFD [ AI QVD MA IHV BQAUHV]AFBDIDLHV.

]rhjhnd Ekb ma Lrhmd prasabthmd pdr Barah Fdrzd Bkatd, skabmd tutdr mai oksod

Zhob Jhrrarh Jhrrarh.

U. J. mai ]utdr> Hiuobh>

M. M.

Vavkiih. :5 ma ohyd ma :381


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LZHMD AB ]QZKVOD

EHFQI]HM MA ]QZKVOD [ EKBHB^HV

]ZHJHND EKB MA LZHMD

FQZVD HFHMOKFD W:38=-:381_

]]QID>

AI FDBVQOKMDZ ]QZV]KFD [ AI QVD MA IHV BQAUHV ]AFBDIDLHV.

HQ]DZ>

BAZAH FDZ^D BKA]D

]Q]DZ>

MZ. M. ZHOB JHZZAZH JHZZAZH

MASHZ]HOAB]D>

HMOKBKV]ZHFKB MA AOSZAVHV [ OHZGA]KBL

ZAH MA FDBDFKOKAB]D>FDOAZFKHIK^HFKB A KBUAV]KLHFKB MA OAZFHMDV

ZAVQOAB> Ab ih hftuhikmhm, Kbtarbat as ub aiaoabtd koprasfkbmkjia ab ai saftdrturstkfd. Fhmh vaz sdb os ids turksths qua dpthb pdr pihbkekfhr sus vkhnas h trhvs maih Zam, hs fdod pdr rasarvhr y rahikzhr fdoprhs raihfkdbhmhs fdb ai vkhna ma ohbarhdbikba. Ai djnatkvd ma asta prdyaftd as, pdr thbtd, kmabtkekfhr ai lrhmd ma kbeiuabfkh maKbtarbat ab ihs ehsas ma pihbkekfhfkb mai vkhna y aiaffkb mai mastkbd, rasarvh y fdoprhma prdmuftds turstkfds. Shrh aiid, `aods rahikzhmd ubh abfuasth h 8;< parsdbhs,skabmd ai usd ma Kbtarbat murhbta ih pihbkekfhfkb y aiaffkb mai mastkbd turstkfd ouy

aiavhmd ( Vaftdr turstkfd7 fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd7 Kbtarbat7 mkspdsktkvdsovkias.


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]EL-]QZ. AI FDBVQOKMDZ ]QZKV]KFD [ AI QVD MA IHV BQAUHV ]AFBDIDLKHV.

8

BMKFA

3. KB]ZDMQFFKB .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................:8. FHS]QID 8> QVD MA KB]AZBA] [ FDOAZFKD AIAF]ZBKFD...........................................6

8.8. Ai usd ma Kbtarbat ..................................................................................................................................................................6

8.:. Ai pareki mai fdoprhmdr dbikba ...........................................................................................................................=

8.6. Mkspdsktkvds ma hffasd h Kbtarbat ..............................................................................................................1

8.=. Fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd ab Asphh ................................................................................................................ AI FDOAZFKD AIAF]ZBKFD AB AI VAF]DZ ]QZV]KFD.... 80

:.8. Ai usd ma Kbtarbat pdr ai saftdr turstkfd> drlhbkzhfkb y rasarvh mavkhnas .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................80

:.:. Fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd ab ai saftdr turstkfd ...........................................................................8;

:.6. Sareki mai turksth qua utkikzh Kbtarbat ab ih pihbkekfhfkb y fdoprh mavkhnas> Hbmhiufh ..................................................................................................................................................................................:3

:.=. Ai usd ma mkspdsktkvds ovkias ab ai saftdr turstkfd> Hbmhiufh....... ::

:.1. Ai phpai ma ihs hlabfkhs ma vkhnas erabta hi fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd.:1

6. FHS]QID 6> SHZ]A AOSZKFH ........................................................................................................................................................:


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:

KB]ZDMQFFKB

Ai turksod masma ai pubtd ma vksth sdfkhi y afdbokfd maja hmhpthrsa h ids fhojkds ytabmabfkhs qua sa prdmuzfhb ab su abtdrbd (Qrkai F`hrba, :38:). ]hb hith as ih

fdopatktkvkmhm ab ai saftdr qua surla ih bafaskmhm koparkdsh ma utkikzhr matarokbhmhs`arrhokabths phrh sujkrbds hi fhrrd ma ih kbbdvhfkb y bd quamhrbds hs masehshmdsab ai tkaopd. Sdr aiid fhmh vaz sdb os ihs aoprashs mai saftdr turstkfd qua dpthbpdr ih kbtalrhfkb ma ihs buavhs tafbdidlhs ab ihs oksohs.

Ai bhfkokabtd ma Kbtarbat ohrfh ub hbtas y ub maspus ab ih kbmustrkh turstkfh, yfdb aiid surla id qua `dy ab mh fdbdfaods fdod ai fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd. Valb aiKbstktutd Bhfkdbhi ma Asthmstkfh (KBA) ai fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd sa maekba fdod ihstrhbshffkdbas rahikzhmhs h trhvs ma ramas jhshmhs ab prdtdfdids ma Kbtarbat (]FS/KS)d sdjra dtrhs ramas taiaotkfhs. Ids jkabas y sarvkfkds sa fdbtrhthb d rasarvhb htrhvs ma asths ramas, pard ai phld d ih abtralh mai prdmuftd puama rahikzhrsa dee-ikba,h trhvs ma fuhiqukar dtrd fhbhi (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386 DB]VK). Mkf`d ab dtrhs phihjrhs, ih pujikfkmhm, ih prdmuffkb, ih fdoprh, ai phld y ihabtralh mai sarvkfkd puamab rahikzhrsa h trhvs ma Kbtarbat (Zhstrdiid y Hihrfb, 8;;;).

Fhja masthfhr qua ai fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd as ub saftdr qua sa abfuabtrh abfdbtkbud frafkokabtd y qua lrhfkhs h i buoardshs aoprashs ma buastrd phs `hbfdbsalukmd frafar y axphbmkrsa h dtrds oarfhmds pdr tdmd ai oubmd. Ab Asphh ab aihd :386 frafk ub 80%, ralkstrhbmd ub vdiuoab ma ehfturhfkb ma 8=.583 okiidbas maaurds, erabta h ids 8:.606 okiidbas ma aurds mai hd hbtarkdr.

Masma ai pubtd ma vksth mai turksod, ai ==% ma ids turksths kbtarbhfkdbhias qua vkskthrdbAsphh fdbsuit Kbtarbat h ih `drh ma pihbkekfhr su vkhna, ub ::% `hji fdb hoklds dehokikhras y ub :8% rafurrk h hlabfkhs ma vkhnas (abfuasth ma `jktds turstkfds>@HJK]QZ, :383). Hmaos, ids prdmuftds os vabmkmds ab :38: vh Kbtarbat euardb idsraihfkdbhmds fdb ai hidnhokabtd (`dtai, hphrthoabtd, atf.) y dtrds sarvkfkdsfdopiaoabthrkds phrh ai vkhna (jkiiatas ma trhbspdrta pjikfd, hiqukiar ma fdf`as, atf.),(DB]VK, :38=). Sdr dtrd ihmd, ab ids itkods hds, ih utkikzhfkb ma mkspdsktkvdsovkias, thjiats d sohrtp`dbas phrh hftkvkmhmas raihfkdbhmhs fdb ai turksod fhmh vazfdjrh os kopdrthbfkh. Ab asta sabtkmd, ai ;:% ma ids turksths qua vkskthrdb Hbmhiufhab :386 utkikzhrdb Kbtarbat ab sus mkspdsktkvds ovkias phrh sus vkhnas, yh euara ab aidrklab d ab ai mastkbd turstkfd (Kbtarbat y ]urksod ab Hbmhiufh. Fdbsanarh ma]urksod y Fdoarfkd, :386).

Sdr thbtd, ih ekbhikmhm ma asta prdyaftd as fdbdfar ai kophftd mai usd ma Kbtarbat abihs mkstkbths ehsas ma drlhbkzhfkb y pihbkekfhfkb mai vkhna, ih aiaffkb mai mastkbd y, aiphld d fdoprh mai prdmuftd turstkfd. Hmaos, sa rahikzhrb mkstkbfkdbas ab fuhbtd hlbard, amhm, pdjihfkb, bkvai ma astumkds y mastkbd aialkmd (bhfkdbhi d axtrhbnard).


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6

FHS]QID 8

QVD MA KB]AZBA] [ FDOAZFKD AIAF]ZBKFD

8.8. Ai usd ma Kbtarbat

Masma su frahfkb ab 8;5;, Kbtarbat `h kmd avdiufkdbhbmd ma edroh kbfrajia. H mh ma`dy parfkjkods Kbtarbat fdod ubh `arrhokabth `hjktuhi ab buastrh vkmh mkhrkh, skbphrhrbds h pabshr ab ai lrhb kophftd avdiutkvd qua `h dfhskdbhmd ab tdmd ai oubmd.

As ub `af`d qua ih prasabfkh ma Kbtarbat ab buastrh vkmh fdtkmkhbh as hild ouyfdob. Fhmh vaz sdb os ihs parsdbhs qua hffamab h ih Zam fhmh mh. Ab :386, sahifhbzhrdb os ma :,= jkiidbas ma usuhrkds ab tdmd ai oubmd (Ih lrhb avdiufkb maKbtarbat masma su frahfkb ab 8;5; www.ohrgatkblmkraftd.fdo). Valb ub astumkdsdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd rahikzhmd pdr DB]VK, ai 01,0% ma ids kbtarbhuths hffama hKbtarbat mkhrkhoabta.

Eklurh 8.8.8. Erafuabf kh ma hff asd h Kbtarbat (%)

(Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am. :38=. Euabta> DB]VK)

Fhja masthfhr qua ai usd ma Kbtarbat vhrh ab eubfkb ma fhrhftarstkfhssdfkdmaodlrekfhs mai usuhrkd. Vk rahikzhods ubh mkstkbfkb abtra lbards, sa djsarvhqua ids `dojras hffamab os h Kbtarbat qua ihs ounaras, ma ids fuhias ai 00,8% id`hfa ma ohbarh mkhrkh (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386DB]VK).

Hmaos, ab raihfkb h ih amhm ma ids kbtarbhuths, h oamkmh qua sth huoabth, iherafuabfkh ab ih qua ids usuhrkds hffamab h ih Zam mksokbuya ma ohbarh os doabds prdpdrfkdbhi. Ai ;1,


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=

Eklurh 8.8.:. Erafuabf kh ma hffasd h Kbtarbat saloabthmd pd r saxd y amhm (%)


Valb ai Kbstktutd Bhfkdbhi ma Asthmstkfh, ai


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1

Eklurh 8.:.8. Sare k i sd fkdm aodl rekfd mai kbtarb huth, ai kbtarbhuth fdo prhmd r y aikbtarbhuth bd fdo prhmdr.


8.6. Mkspdsktkvds ma hffasd h Kbtarbat

Valb ai astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F ma :386 (DB]VK), ids kbtarbhuthspraekarab hffamar h Kbtarbat h trhvs ma sus drmabhmdras pdrttkias (;=,1%). Ia sklua

ai taiedbd ovki (


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5

Eklu rh 8.6.8. Mkspd sktk vd s m a hffasd h Kbtarbat ab ai hd :386. Zaspuasth oitkp ia.


Valb ai pareki sdfkdmaodlrekfd ma ids kbtarbhuths, djsarvhods qua ai usd maidrmabhmdr pdrttki ast aqukikjrhmd ab fuhbtd h saxd y amhm, skabmd utkikzhmd pdr osmai ;3% ma ids usuhrkds ma Kbtarbat (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am.:38=).

Abfdbtrhods mkearabfkhs sklbkekfhtkvhs fuhbmd hbhikzhods ai pareki

sdfkdmaodlrekfd ma hquaiids kbtarbhuths qua utkikzhb sus mkspdsktkvds ma taiedbdovki d vkmad fdbsdihs phrh hffamar h ih Zam. H oamkmh qua hvhbzh ih amhm maiusuhrkd mksokbuya ai usd mai taiedbd ovki phrh hffamar h Kbtarbat, puastd qua idsusuhrkds ma abtra 81 y := hds raprasabthb ai ;5% ma ids kbtarbhuths qua utkikzhb susovkias phrh bhvalhr ab ih Zam, erabta hi =3, DB]VK)


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DB]VK)

Hubqua as ub saftdr ab frafkokabtd y ouy fdopatktkvd, fhja masthfhr qua bd

tdmds ids kbtarbhuths fdoprhb ids prdmuftds h trhvs ma Kbtarbat. Ouf`ds ma aiids sidutkikzhb ih waj phrh djtabar kbedrohfkb hfarfh ma ids prdmuftds d sarvkfkds qua derafaubh matarokbhmh aoprash. Hb hs, ih fkerh ma kbtarbhuths fdoprhmdras vhhuoabthbmd fhmh hd. Ab :386 sa astkohrdb :0,= okiidbas ma kbtarbhuths, ma idsfuhias 8 DB]VK)


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0

8.1. Lhstd oamkd

Ab ai hd :386 ai lhstd oamkd pdr fdoprhmdr dbikba huoabt raspaftd hi hd hbtarkdr,0=0 ma oamkh erabta h ids085 ab :38:. Ma asth edroh sa `h kbvartkmd ih tabmabfkhqua axksth h ih jhnh ab ids hds hbtarkdras (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F:386, am. :38=).

Eklurh 8.1.8. Avdiu fkb mai lhstd oamkd hbuhi pdr fdo prhmdr db ikba.


Ab ih eklurh sklukabta pdmaods djsarvhr fod sa fdbfabtrhb ids ohydraspdrfabthnas ma lhstds abtra ids 6.333 y :13, skabmd ai kbtarvhid os raprasabthtkvdai ma abtra :18 y 133.

Eklurh 8.1.:. Kbtarbhuths f doprhmdr as pdr trhod ma lhstd(%)


Valb ai pareki sdfkdafdbokfd ma ids fdoprhmdras dbikba, masthfhods qua ids`dojras lhsthb ma oamkh os (;66) qua ihs ounaras (


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;

Ab fuhbtd hi `jktht ma ids kbtarbhuths fdoprhmdras masthfh qua ihs pdjihfkdbasma abtra :3.333 y 13.333 `hjkthbtas labarhb ub fdbsuod suparkdr (; `dojras ohydras ma51 hds, raskmabtas ab pdjihfkdbas ma :3.333 h 13.333 `hjkthbtas y ma fihsa oamkh oamkh hith.

8.5. Srdmuftds y sarvkfkds os fdoprhmds

Fdb ih avdiufkb ma ihs tafbdidlhs ab ids itkods hds, ai board ma fdoprhsrahikzhmhs pdr Kbtarbat sa `hb kmd kbfraoabthbmd ab tdmds ids saftdras, axfaptd ab aima rasthurhfkb. Ids prdmuftds qua `hb axparkoabthmd ohydr frafkokabtd ab fuhbtd hvdiuoab ma fdoprhs h trhvs ma ih \aj sdb ihs hpikfhfkdbas kbedrotkfhs phrhmkspdsktkvds ovkias (taiedbd ovki, Vohrtp`dba y thjiath) y prdmuftds aiaftrbkfds(Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am. :38=).

Sdr dtrd ihmd, ids prdmuftds os fdoprhmds h trhvs ma Kbtarbat pdr ids kbtarbhuthsfdoprhmdras sdb ids jkiiatas ma trhbspdrtas (1;,=%), sklukbmdia ihs rasarvhs mahidnhokabtd y phquata turstkfd (18,5%), rdph y fdopiaoabtds mapdrtkvds (=;,5%) yabtrhmhs phrh aspaftfuids (=;,8%). (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386,

am. :38=).H pashr ma `hjar axparkoabthmd ub lrhb kbfraoabtd ab ai vdiuoab ma vabths

dbikba ab ids itkods hds, ids prdmuftds aiaftrbkfds (65%) y ihs hpikfhfkdbaskbedrotkfhs phrh mkspdsktkvds ovkias (68%) raprasabthb ubh oabdr prdpdrfkb abfuhbtd hi tdthi ma fdoprhs rahikzhmhs pdr ids kbtarbhuths fdoprhmdras ab :386. Hasths ia skluab ids hrtfuids y hffasdrkds phrh mkspdsktkvds ovkias (:6,;%) y ihspaifuihs, oskfh y vkmadnualds (:8%). Ids prdmuftds oabds fdoprhmds h trhvs ma ihZam sdb ids raihfkdbhmds fdb pareuoarh (8=,5%), rasthurhbtas (88,:%) y dtrds(;,1%), (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am. :38=).


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Eklurh 8.5.8. Srdmu ftds y sarvkfkd s fdop rhmds p dr Kbtarbat ab :386. Zaspuasthoitkpia.


Vk htabmaods hi pareki sdfkdmaodlrekfd ma ids kbtarbhuths qua rahikzhrdb fdoprhsh trhvs ma Kbtarbat ab :386, djsarvhods qua ih avdiufkb ma ids prdmuftds osfdoprhmds h trhvs ma Kbtarbat mapabma ab lrhb oamkmh ma ihs fhrhftarstkfhssdfkdafdbokfhs ma sus fdoprhmdras dbikba (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F:386, am. :38=).

Jkiiatas ma trhbspdrtas> `dojras ma abtra 13 y 5= hds, ma fihsa hith oamkh hith, y qua vkvab ab fkumhmas ma os ma 833.333 `hjkthbtas.

Zasarvhs ma hidnhokabtd y phquata turstkfd> `dojras ma abtra :1 y 6=hds, ma fihsa hithoamkh hith, y qua vkabab ab fkumhmas ma abtra :3.333 y13.333 hjkthbtas.

Zdph, fdopiaoabtds y hrtfuids mapdrtkvds> ounaras ma abtra :1 y 6= hds,ma fihsa hith - oamkh hith, y qua vkvab ab fkumhmas ma abtra :3.333 y 13.333`hjkthbtas.

Abtrhmhs phrh aspaftfuids> ounaras ma abtra :1 y 6= hds, ma fihsa hithoamkh hith, y qua vkvab ab fkumhmas ma abtra :3.333 y 13.333 `hjkthbtas.

Hpikfhfkdbas phrh mkspdsktkvds ovkias> `dojras ma abtra :1 y 6= hds, mafihsa hith - oamkh hith, y qua vkvab ab fkumhmas ma oabds ma 83.333

`hjkthbtas y ma os ma 833.333 `hjkthbtas.


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Eklu rh 8.5.:. Srdmu ftd s fdop rhmd s h trhvs ma Kbtarb at salb par ekisd fkd maodl rekfd .


8.


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8:

Eklurh 8. DB]VK)Hmaos, salb ai astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F ma :386, hilubhs ma ihs

fhrhftarstkfhs pdsktkvhs qua sahihrdb ids kbtarbhuths fdoprhmdras ab :386 sdjra ihstkabmhs dbikba sdb ihs sklukabtas (raspuasth oitkpia)>

Fhikmhm ma ih abtralh ma ids prdmuftds (


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Eklurh 8.0.8. Kbtarbhuths bd fdop rhmdras pd r Kbtarbat ab :386 salo abthmd pd r saxd yamhm.


Ih ohydrh ma ids kbtarbhuths bd fdoprhmdras pkabshb qua sk utkikzhrhb Kbtarbatphrh rahikzhr sus fdoprhs sa pradfuphrhb pdrqua ihs fhrhftarstkfhs mai prdmuftd bdsa fdrraspdbmkasab fdb id asparhmd (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386,am. :38=).

Ab salubmd iulhr, ids kbtarbhuths bd fdoprhmdras sa pradfuphb pdrqua bd puamhbmavdivar ids prdmuftds fdoprhmds h trhvs ma ih Zam sk sa abfuabtrhb ab ohi asthmd(Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am. :38=).

Fdb ubh raprasabthfkb oabdr, hilubds kbtarbhuths bd fdoprhmdras fraab quaKbtarbat bd as ub fhbhi salurd phrh rahikzhr fdoprhs, yh qua taoab qua ih kbedrohfkbhpdrthmh phrh ihs oksohs sahb ohi utkikzhmhs (okamd h hpdrthr mhtds ekbhbfkards djhbfhrkds). Hmaos, hilubds ma aiids taoab bd rafkjkr ids prdmuftds qua `hbfdoprhmd h trhvs ma Kbtarbat (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am.:38=).

Eklurh 8.0.:. Lrhmd ma hfuarmd ma ids kbtarbhuths bd fdop rhmdras fdb ihs hekro hfkdb ashbtarkdras ma pradfuphfkb raspaftd h ih fdoprh dbikba (skabmd 8 tdthioabta ab

mashfuarmd y < tdthioabta ma hfuarmd).


Ab :386, ai


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sdjra ai tdthi ma ids kbtarbhuths bd fdoprhmdras (Astumkd sdjra fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfdJ:F :386, am. :38=).

Eklurh 8.0.6. Kbtarbhuths ax f doprhmd ras qua id euardb hbt as ma :386.


Ai DB]VK)


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8.;. Qsd y fdoprhs h trhvs ma mkspdsktkvds ovkias> thjiats y sohrt`p`dbas

Ai fdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd vh mashrrdiibmdsa ma ohbarh frafkabta ab ids itkods hds htrhvs ma ids mkspdsktkvds ovkias. Ai :1,5% ma ids usuhrkds qua rahikzhb fdoprhs htrhvs ma kbtarbat ab :386 id `kfkardb h trhvs ma mkf`ds mkspdsktkvds (Astumkd sdjrafdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am. :38=).

Eklu rh 8.;.8. ]dthi ma kbt arbhu ths fdop rhmd ras qu a utkikzhjhb thj iath d taiedb d ovkiab :386 (%).


Mai tdthi ma kbtarbhuths fdoprhmdras qua utkikzhrdb mkspdsktkvds ovkias phrhrahikzhr fdoprhs h trhvs ma Kbtarbat masthfhb ids `dojras (53,


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8.83. Frktarkds sdfkdmaodlrekfds fdod jhsas ma saloabthfkb mai fdoarfkdaiaftrbkfd

Majkmd hi frafkokabtd kbtabskvd mai usd ma Kbtarbat y ihs buavhs tafbdidlhs ab idsprdfasds ma fdoprh, sa fdbskmarh koprasfkbmkjia fdbdfar ai fdopdrthokabtd maiusuhrkd ab ih \aj, majkmd h ih hith `atardlabakmhm ma ids oksods. Shrh aiid sa rafurra

h ih saloabthfkb pdr frktarkds, thb mksfrkokbhbtas fdod ai saxd, ih amhm, ai bkvai maastumkds, atf. Ids frktarkds masfrkptkvds `hb skmd y fdbtkbhb skabmd ubh ma ihs edrohsos fdoubas ma saloabthfkb utkikzhmh ab ih prftkfh mai ohrgatkbl. (Euabtas y Lki,:388).

Ihs pdskjkikmhmas qua derafa ih saloabthfkb sdb ouy hopikhs y, ab trokbds mafdoarfkd aiaftrbkfd, bd `hy mumh qua ihs oksohs ehvdrafab h ihs aoprashs ab lrhboamkmh. Lrhfkhs hi fdbdfkokabtd ma ihs hftktumas y fdopdrthokabtd ma ids usuhrkds,ihs aoprashs puamab pdbar ab ohrf`h astrhtalkhs ma ekmaikzhfkb, yh qua fhmh vazsdb os ids fikabtas ids qua jusfhb ub prdmuftd d sarvkfkd parsdbhikzhmd.

Axksta ubh lrhb vhrkamhm ma frktarkds qua bds hyumhb h fdbdfar ihs praearabfkhsma ids fikabtas, pard Fui ma aiids rasuith os aeaftkvd4 Valb Hhgar (8;;1), ih

thrah ma kmabtkekfhr saloabtds as mkefki ab phrta, pdrqua, ab ub fdbtaxtd mhmd, axkstabiktarhioabta okiidbas ma edrohs ma sujmkvkmkr ai oarfhmd.Bd axksta ub odmd ptkodma saloabthfkb (Euabtas y Lki, :388).

Ids frktarkds sdfkdmaodlrekfds sdb ids os utkikzhmds phrh kmabtkekfhr ihsmkearabfkhs ab ai fdopdrthokabtd ab ih waj ma ids kbmkvkmuds fdoprhmdras y ids bdfdoprhmdras. Mabtrd ma aiids, ids os utkikzhmds sdb ai saxd, ai bkvai amufhtkvd y aibkvai makblrasds (@deeohb y Bdvhg, 8;;5).

Ab ih iktarhturh sa sulkara qua axkstab fihrhs mkearabfkhs abtra `dojras y ounarasab fuhbtd h ih edroh ma fdopdrthrsa ab raihfkb h Kbtarbat. Ids `dojras suaiab saros htravkmds qua ihs ounaras, y dpthb os, ab trokbds labarhias, pdr ihs fdoprhs htrhvs ma Kbtarbat, yh qua aiids sa ouastrhb os kbtarashmds pdr ih tafbdidlh y ai

hffasd h ih Zam (V`hs`hhbk, 8;;< y Jkojar, :333). Vkb aojhrld, bd tdmds pkabshb maasta odmd (Fyr y Jdbhbbk, :331).

Vk utkikzhods ai frktarkd ma ih amhm y prdeubmkzhods ab ai fdopdrthokabtd ma idsusuhrkds os nvabas erabta h ids usuhrkds os ohmurds, djtabaods ub rasuithmdos sklbkekfhtkvd. Srkbfkphioabta ih amhm kbeiuya ab ih ehsa ma fdoprh skaopra yfuhbmd ai fikabta sa `hyh kbedrohmd ma edroh pravkh sdjra ai prdmuftd y/d sarvkfkd quamasaa hmqukrkr (Vdrfa at hi., :331). Valb asta hutdr, ih amhm asth balhtkvhoabtaraihfkdbhmh fdb ih jsquamh ma kbedrohfkb ab ih ehsa prafdoprh y ma edroh pdsktkvhfdb ih rahikzhfkb ma ih fdoprh.

Sdr dtrd ihmd, ai bkvai ma kblrasds as thojkb ub ehftdr pramdokbhbta, yh quafuhbtd os aiavhmh sah ih rabth mai kbmkvkmud os dpfkb tabmr ma fdoprh y, pdr idthbtd, tabmr os pdskjkikmhmas ma hmqukrkr tafbdidlh. Mkf`d ab dtrhs phihjrhs, ubfikabta fdb ohydr bkvai ma rabth aeaftuhr os fdoprhs ab Kbtarbat qua dtrd fdb ubpdmar hmquksktkvd oabdr (Sdrtar, :335).

]hojkb pdmaods rafurrkr h dtrds tkpds ma frktarkds phrh rahikzhr ih saloabthfkb>frktarkds wajlrekfds. Hilubds hutdras fdbskmarhb qua ih axparkabfkh mai usuhrkd abraihfkb fdb ai usd ma ihs ]KF (Gwhg at hi., :33:), ai bkvai ma fdbdfkokabtd ma ih \ajpdr phrta mai usuhrkd (Zam.as, :33


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8 drlhbkzhfkb y rasarvh ma vkhnas

Ih maohbmh sa `h kmd odmkekfhbmd h id ihrld ma ids hds, fdod fdbsafuabfkh ma idsfhojkds sdfkdfuiturhias ab ids mastkbds aoksdras ma turksod (Fhohrard, :33=).

Bds abfdbtrhods hbta ubh maohbmh qua dpth pdr ubds prdmuftds os bdvamdsdsy qua raf`hzh ai tkpd ma turksod qua sa rahikzhjh masma ids hds 13 (Fhohrard, :33:)7odoabtd ma hula turstkfd (turksod ma ohshs).

@dy ab mh ai turksth jusfh ih edroh os afdbokfh phrh vkhnhr y djtabar ihpdskjkikmhm ma rahikzhr ih drlhbkzhfkb ma sus vkhnas i oksod, hi ohrlab ma ihshlabfkhs ma vkhnas y tdur dparhmdras (Fhohrard, :33=). Ma h` ai lrhb xktd ma ihsfdophhs hrahs ma jhnd fdsta.

Bd `hy mumh ma qua Kbtarbat as ubh `arrhokabth asabfkhi phrh ih drlhbkzhfkb mabuastrds vkhnas ab ih hftuhikmhm, yh qua ai 6;% ma ids usuhrkds qua fdoprhb hilbprdmuftd ab ih Zam dpthb pdr ub vkhna d hidnhokabtd turstkfd (Fhohrard, :33=). Mkf`dpdrfabthna sa `h kmd kbfraoabthbmd hd h hd, manhbmd h ub ihmd ihs hlabfkhs mavkhnas eskfhs, sustktukmhs pdr ihs hlabfkhs dbikba y ihs prdpkhs plkbhs \aj ma idsasthjiafkokabtd `dtaiards (Fhohrard, :33=).

Sdr ralih labarhi, ids asphdias bd tkabmab h drlhbkzhr sus vkhnas fdb maohskhmhhbtaihfkb7 ab ids fuhias, sid ab = ma fhmh 83 vkhnas sa rahikzhb rasarvhs mahidnhokabtd d ma trhbspdrta.

Ab :38:, ai ;;% ma ids usuhrkds hffamkardb h Kbtarbat phrh jusfhr kbedrohfkb, ai


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8;

Eklu rh :.8.8. Hi dnho kabtd utk ikzhmd salb tkp ds tu rstkf ds .

(Abfuasth Fdopdrthokabtd ma ids asphdias hbta ihs vhfhfkdbas, 8;;1)

Aihjdrhfkb> Fhohrard, :33=.

Valb ih abfuasth EHOKIK]QZ mai hd :336, ih fdbtrhthfkb mkrafth suparh h ihfdbtrhthfkb h trhvs ma hlabfkh, (Fhohrard, :33=).

Ab :38:, ai @HJK]QZ, :383).

Os ma ih okthm ma ids turksths qua vkskthrdb Asphh ab :383 utkikz ubh bkfheuabta ma kbedrohfkb y, abtra ids turksths qua fdbsuithrdb os ma ubh euabta, vdivk hsdjrashikr Kbtarbat fdod euabta prkbfkphi fdb ub 81% sdjra ai tdthi (abfuasth ma`jktds turstkfds> @HJK]QZ, :383).

Ab fuhbtd h ihs fdoprhs dbikba, ai KBA astkoh qua ab :38: rahikzhrdb fdoprhs pdrKbtarbat 83,< okiidbas ma asphdias, 8,6 okiidbas os qua ab :388.


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:3

Ids prdmuftds os vabmkmds ab :38: vh Kbtarbat euardb ids raihfkdbhmds fdb aihidnhokabtd (`dtai, hphrthoabtd, atf.) y dtrds sarvkfkds fdopiaoabthrkds phrh ai vkhna(jkiiatas ma trhbspdrta pjikfd, hiqukiar ma fdf`as, atf.) (Kbedroa ma ih Fdbsanarh ma]urksod y Fdoarfkd> Kbtarbat y ]urksod ab Hbmhiufh, :38:).

(Eklurh :.:.8. Kbedroa ma ih Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd> Kbtarbat y ]urksodab Hbmhiufh, :38:).

:.6. Sareki mai turksth qua utkikzh Kbtarbat ab ih pihbkekfhfkb y fdoprh ma vkhnas>Hbmhiufh.

Mai tdthi ma turksths qua utkikzhrdb ih Zam phrh ih pihbkekfhfkb ma su vkhna h Hbmhiufhab ai hd :386, ai


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:8

Eklu rh :.6.8. Ai p areki m ai tu rkst h qu a ras arvh p dr Kbtarbat ab H bm hiufh. Hd :386.

(Euabta> Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd h phrtkr ma ih Abfuasth ma Fdyubturh]urstkfh)

Sdr dtrd ihmd, pramdokbhb ihs rasarvhs ma hidnhokabtd `dtaiard h trhvs ma Kbtarbatpdr phrta ma ids turksths qua vkskthb Hbmhiufh, yh sahb axtrhbnards d asphdias(


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::

Eklurh :.6.:. Mkstr kju fkb ma ids turksths s alb prd muf td rasarvhmd/fdo prhmd (%)

(Euabta> Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd h phrtkr ma ih Abfuasth ma Fdyubturh]urstkfh)

:.=. Ai usd ma mkspdsktkvds ovkias ab ai saftdr turstkfd> Hbmhiufh

Ai ;:% ma ids turksths qua vkskthrdb Hbmhiufh ab :386 utkikzhrdb Kbtarbat ab susmkspdsktkvds ovkias phrh sus vkhnas, yh euara ab ai drklab d ab ai mastkbd turstkfd(Kbtarbat y ]urksod ab Hbmhiufh. Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd, :386).

Shrh ih aiaffkb mai mastkbd ids turksths suaiab hffamar h ramas sdfkhias y h ihsplkbhs \aj dekfkhias ma ids mastkbds. Ab fdbfratd, ai 1


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:6

Eklu rh :.=.8. Qsd ma m ksp ds ktkv d ovki ab ih ehsa ma aiaffkb m ai mast kbd . Hd :386.

(Euabta> VHA]H, Aoprash Sjikfh ]urksod y Mapdrta ma Hbmhiufh)

Ab fuhbtd h ih pihbkekfhfkb, masthfh ai usd ma mkspdsktkvds ovkias phrh fdbsuithrfuastkdbas prftkfhs(`drhrkds, lhstrdbdoh, atf.), yh qua ai 10,=% utkikz su taiedbdovki d sohrtp`dba y ai 61% ih thjiath. Ias sklua ih utkikzhfkb ma mkf`ds mkspdsktkvdsphrh ih jsquamh ma kbedrohfkb sdjra hftkvkmhmas fuiturhias y ma iulhras mdbmafdoar (Kbtarbat y ]urksod. Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd, :386).

Eklurh :.=.:. Qsd ma mksp dskt kv d ovki ab ih ehsa ma pihbke kfhfkb mai vkhna hHbmhiufh. Hd :386.


Ab :386, 8 ma fhmh = turksths qua vkskthrdb Hbmhiufh rasarv y fdopr hilbprdmuftd y/d sarvkfkd raihfkdbhmd fdb su vkhna oamkhbta su mkspdsktkvd ovki, skabmd

os raprasabthtkvds ids turksths axtrhbnards (6:,5%) qua ids turksths asphdias(::,1%). Fhja masthfhr qua ab asth ehsa ids turksths sdb os prdpabsds h utkikzhr ihs


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:=

thjiaths qua ids taiedbds ovkias d sohrtp`dbas, hifhbzhbmd ai VHA]H, Aoprash Sjikfh ]urksod y Mapdrta ma Hbmhiufh)

Ab fuhbtd h ids prdmuftds d sarvkfkds os fdoprhmds h trhvs ma mkspdsktkvdsovkias ab ai hd :386, masthfhb ids raihfkdbhmds fdb ai hidnhokabtd (85%). Absalubmd iulhr abfdbtrhods ihs hftkvkmhmas ab ai mastkbd y ai trhbspdrta,raprasabthbmd hojds ai 0,:% (Kbtarbat y ]urksod. Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd,:386).

Hmaos, ouf`ds sdb ids turksths qua ubh vaz ab ai mastkbd utkikzhb sus mkspdsktkvdsovkias phrh mkvarsds ekbas. Ai ;5% ma ids turksths qua vkhnhrdb h Hbmhiufh ab ai :386sa fdbafthrdb h Kbtarbat masma sus mkspdsktkvds ovkias (Kbtarbat y ]urksod.Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd, :386).

Ab raihfkb h ih jsquamh ma kbedrohfkb murhbta ih asthbfkh ab ai mastkbd, ihohydrh ma ids turksths utkikzhb sus mkspdsktkvds ovkias phrh fdbsuiths raihfkdbhmhsfdb ai dfkd, qu var, raprasabthbmd ai 58,0% hquaiids turksths qua utkikzhrdb susohrtp`dba phrh mkf`hs fdbsuiths y ai 63,


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:1

Eklurh :.=.=. Hf tkvkmhmas ab Kbtarbat fdb mksp dskt kv d ovki i iavhmhs h fhjd m urhbta aiv kh na (%). Hd :386.


Qbh vaz qua ralrashb ids turksths h sus fkumhmas ma drklab, ouf`ds ma aiidsutkikzhb sus mkspdsktkvds ovkias phrh fdilhr edtds d vkmads ab Kbtarbat (


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:5

oandrhr ih aekfkabfkh dparhfkdbhi y ih fhikmhm mai sarvkfkd derafkmd h ids fikabtas.Hmaos, fdbskmarhb qua ih kbfdrpdrhfkb ma ihs ]KF hpdrth fdopatktkvkmhm y ehfkikthb ihlastkb, ih mkstrkjufkb y ai ohrgatkbl ma ih kbmustrkh mai turksod y sus aoprashs.Hilubds hutdras fdbskmarhb qua phrh qua ubh aoprash turstkfh hifhbfa ai xktd majaasthr prasabta ab Kbtarbat y iiavhr h fhjd su baldfkd h trhvs ma ih ram, yh qua bdsabfdbtrhods ab ub abtdrbd ma fdbaxkdbas lidjhias (Ju`hiks y Nub, :388).

Ihs hlabfkhs ma vkhnas ma mkstrkjufkb dbikba fdbeaffkdbhb ub buavd ohrfdfdopatktkvd erabta h ihs hlabfkhs ma vkhnas ma mkstrkjufkb trhmkfkdbhi (Bdjdh, :33: yVurhyh, :331), pdr id qua rasuith ub taoh ma suparvkvabfkh ab ai saftdr suohrsa hibaldfkd ma kbtaroamkhfkb turstkfh h trhvs ma ih ram.

Majkmd h ih rpkmh kbfdrpdrhfkb ma ihs ]KF ab ids prdfasds ma lastkb ymkstrkjufkb ma ihs aoprashs mai saftdr sa ast prdmufkabmd ub bdthjia fhojkd ab ihkbmustrkh turstkfh ab ouy pdfd tkaopd, id fuhi `h tabkmd vhrkhs raparfuskdbas (Ihfhiia,:386). Fdod fdbsafuabfkh, sa `h ramufkmd ai board ma hlabfkhs y sid hquaiihsqua dpthb pdr rahikzhr tdmh, d phrta ma su dparhtkvh, h trhvs ma kbtarbat sdb ihs quasdpdrthb ai pasd qua anarfa sdjra ihs oksohs ids hvhbfas tafbdilkfds (Ihfhiia,

:386).Ai board ma hlabfkhs eskfhs ab Asphh sklua ab masfabsd pard huoabthb sus

vabths dbikba (]ktuihr ma bdtkfkh ma Ai Shs, :386).

Eklurh :.1.8. Board ma hlabf khs m a vkhnas. Avdiu fkb.

(Bdth ma prabsh ma Hohmaus, :383)


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://ehoh.us.as/

Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd> Kbtarbat y ]urksod ab Hbmhiufh, (:38:)7`ttp>//www.turksodhbmhiuz.fdo/asthmkstkfhs/sktas/maehuit/ekias/kbtarbatT:38:.pme

Fdbsanarh ma ]urksod y Fdoarfkd> Kbtarbat y ]urksod ab Hbmhiufh, (:386)7`ttp>//www.turksodhbmhiuz.fdo/asthmkstkfhs/sktas/maehuit/ekias/kbtarbatT:386.pme

Ai Shs> Ai board ma hlabfkhs eskfhs ab Asphh sklua ab masfabsd pard huoabthbsus vabths dbikba, Aiphks.fdo, 8: ma ohrzd ma :386, Ohmrkm7`ttp>//afdbdokh.aiphks.fdo/afdbdokh/:386/36/8:/hlabfkhs/86563;0:5;T10180;.`toi

Aoprash Sjikfh ]urksod y Mapdrta ma Hbmhiufh (VHA]H).

Abfuasth ma Fdyubturh ]urstkfh ma Hbmhiufh, (:386).Abfuasth ma `jktds turstkfds> @HJK]QZ (:383)Kbstktutd ma Astumkds ]urstkfds7`ttp>//www.kat.tdursphkb.as/as-AV/asthmkstkfhs/dtrhsasthmkstkfhs/`hjktur/hbuhias/Kbedroa%:3@hjktur%:3:383.pme

Abfuasth ma Odvkokabtds ]urstkfds ma ids Asphdias> EHOKIK]QZ (:38:)7`ttp>//www.kat.tdursphkb.as/as-AV/asthmkstkfhs/ehokiktur/Hbuhias/Kbedroa%:3hbuhi%:3ma%:3Ehokiktur.%:3H%F6%J8d%:3:38:.pme

Ekluardh Mdoafq, F., Shidod Ohrtbaz, N., Valdvkh Sraz, O., ]hib Jhiiastard, S.,(:38=)> Ai Fdbsuokmdr ]urstkfd y ai Qsd ma ]afbdidlh> mkearabfkhs ma lbard, PFdblrasd ]urksod y ]afbdidlhs ma ih kbedrohfkb y ihs fdoubkfhfkdbas (]QZK]AF) ,(pp. 61-=;), :6 y := ma Dftujra, Shihfkd ma Earkhs y Fdblrasds ma Oihlh7`ttp>//www.turktaf.fdo/as/pme/Ikjrd%:3ma%:3Hfths%:3]QZK]AF%:3:38=.pme

Euabtas Jihsfd, O., Lki Vhurh, K., (:388)> Ih utkikmhm ma ids frktarkds masfrkptkvds fdodjhsas ma saloabthfkb ab ai fdoarfkd juskbass-td-fdbsuoar", Nuikd-Hldstd, Vavkiih7`ttp>//www.ravksthskfa.fdo/Fhf`aSME/KFAT058T8//www.phparsmaturksoa.lvh.as/dns/kbmax.p`p/Shpars/hrtkfia/vkaw/816/86=
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6 Ih lrhb avdiufkb ma Kbtarbat masma su frahfkb ab 8;5; -www.ohrgatkblmkraftd.fdo,8< ma ohyd ma :386,`ttp>//www.ohrgatkblmkraftd.fdo/hftuhikmhm/kbedlrhekhs/ih-lrhb-avdiufkdb-ma-kbtarbat-masma-su-frahfkdb-ab-8;5;/

Oudz, Z. (:38=)> Ai ovki sa fdbvkarta ab ai prkoar oamkd ma hffasd h Kbtarbat,

Aiphks.fdo, : ma Dftujra,`ttp>//afdbdokh.aiphks.fdo/afdbdokh/:38=/83/3:/hftuhikmhm/8=8::=0:56T108//www.kat.tdursphkb.as/kol-kat/Zavksths/ZA]-8=:-8;;;-phl; ]urksod y buavhs tafbdidlhs> ai mashed ma ihs kbstktufkdbasamufhtkvhs7`ttp>//www.afdbd.ubip.amu.hr/upidhms/mdfs/TturksodTyTbuavhsTtafbdidlkhsTTaiTmashekdTmaTihsTkbstktufkdbasTamufhtkvhsT.pme

Qruah, H., at hi. (:38=)> Astumkd sdjra Fdoarfkd Aiaftrbkfd J:F :386, am. :38= (DB]VK), Dftujra ma :38=7`ttp>//www.dbtsk.ram.as/dbtsk/sktas/maehuit/ekias/astumkdTsdjraTfdoarfkdTaiaftrdbkfdTj:fT:386TamkfkdbT:38=.pme
http://www.marketingdirecto.com/http://www.marketingdirecto.com/actualidad/infografias/la-gran-evolucion-de-internet-desde-su-creacion-en-1969/http://www.marketingdirecto.com/actualidad/infografias/la-gran-evolucion-de-internet-desde-su-creacion-en-1969/http://www.marketingdirecto.com/actualidad/infografias/la-gran-evolucion-de-internet-desde-su-creacion-en-1969/http://economia.elpais.com/economia/2014/10/02/actualidad/1412248263_581779.htmlhttp://economia.elpais.com/economia/2014/10/02/actualidad/1412248263_581779.htmlhttp://www.iet.tourspain.es/img-iet/Revistas/RET-142-1999-pag97-116-83565.pdfhttp://www.iet.tourspain.es/img-iet/Revistas/RET-142-1999-pag97-116-83565.pdfhttp://www.iet.tourspain.es/img-iet/Revistas/RET-142-1999-pag97-116-83565.pdfhttp://www.iet.tourspain.es/img-iet/Revistas/RET-142-1999-pag97-116-83565.pdfhttp://www.econo.unlp.edu.ar/uploads/docs/_turismo_y_nuevas_tecnologias__el_desafio_de_las_instituciones_educativas_.pdfhttp://www.econo.unlp.edu.ar/uploads/docs/_turismo_y_nuevas_tecnologias__el_desafio_de_las_instituciones_educativas_.pdfhttp://www.econo.unlp.edu.ar/uploads/docs/_turismo_y_nuevas_tecnologias__el_desafio_de_las_instituciones_educativas_.pdfhttp://www.ontsi.red.es/ontsi/sites/default/files/estudio_sobre_comercio_electronico_b2c_2013_edicion_2014.pdfhttp://www.ontsi.red.es/ontsi/sites/default/files/estudio_sobre_comercio_electronico_b2c_2013_edicion_2014.pdfhttp://www.ontsi.red.es/ontsi/sites/default/files/estudio_sobre_comercio_electronico_b2c_2013_edicion_2014.pdfhttp://www.ontsi.red.es/ontsi/sites/default/files/estudio_sobre_comercio_electronico_b2c_2013_edicion_2014.pdfhttp://www.ontsi.red.es/ontsi/sites/default/files/estudio_sobre_comercio_electronico_b2c_2013_edicion_2014.pdfhttp://www.econo.unlp.edu.ar/uploads/docs/_turismo_y_nuevas_tecnologias__el_desafio_de_las_instituciones_educativas_.pdfhttp://www.econo.unlp.edu.ar/uploads/docs/_turismo_y_nuevas_tecnologias__el_desafio_de_las_instituciones_educativas_.pdfhttp://www.iet.tourspain.es/img-iet/Revistas/RET-142-1999-pag97-116-83565.pdfhttp://www.iet.tourspain.es/img-iet/Revistas/RET-142-1999-pag97-116-83565.pdfhttp://economia.elpais.com/economia/2014/10/02/actualidad/1412248263_581779.htmlhttp://www.marketingdirecto.com/actualidad/infografias/la-gran-evolucion-de-internet-desde-su-creacion-en-1969/http://www.marketingdirecto.com/actualidad/infografias/la-gran-evolucion-de-internet-desde-su-creacion-en-1969/http://www.marketingdirecto.com/


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60

Hbaxds

Fuastkdbhrkd utkikzhmd>

]ELIh kbedrohfkb rafdlkmh ab asta fuastkdbhrkd sarvkr phrh ih rahikzhfkb mai ]rhjhnd Ekbma Lrhmd ab ]urksod. Ai trhthokabtd ma ih kbedrohfkb rafdlkmh as astrkfthoabtafdbekmabfkhi. Lrhfkhs pdr su fdihjdrhfkb.

Sdr ehvdr, kbmkqua su pareki salb ihs sklukabtas vhrkhjias sdfkd-maodlrekfhs>Vaxd>

@dojra

Ounar

Amhm>

81 - := hds

:1 - 6= hds

61 - =; hds

135= hds

51 hds y os

Bkvai ma astumkds>

Astumkds prkohrkds

Astumkds safubmhrkds

Astumkhbta ubkvarskthrkd

Fdb tktuihfkb ubkvarskthrkh

Ukva ab ubh fkumhm ma>

Oabds ma 13.333 `hj.

13.333833.333 `hj.

833.333:33.333 `hj.

:33.333133.333 `hj.Os ma 133.333 `hj.


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6;

Fihsa sdfkhi

Jhnh

Jhnh-Oamkh

Oamkh

Oamkh-Hith

Hith

Fdb qu erafuabfkh sa fdbafth h Kbtarbat4

]dmds ids mhs

Ma 6 h 5 mhs h ih saohbh

Qb mh h ih saohbh

Qbh vaz fhmh 81 mhs

Qbh vaz hi oas

Fdb oabds erafuabfkh

Sdr ehvdr, tdoa fdod raearabfkh ai vkhna os kopdrthbta qua `h rahikzhmdrafkabtaoabta y raspdbmh h ihs sklukabtas fuastkdbas>

Ai mastkbd hi qua vkhn eua>

Mabtrd ma Asphh

Euarh ma Asphh

Board ma bdfàs ma ih asthbfkh (hprdxkohmhoabta)>

8 bdfà

: bdfàs

6 bdfàs

= bdfàs

1 bdfàs

5 bdfàs

8 saohbh d os: saohbhs d os

6 saohbhs d os

8 oas d os

]kpd ma trhbspdrta utkikzhmd phrh ai maspihzhokabtd>

Fdfà prdpkd

Hvkb

]rab

Dtrds


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Odtkvd mai vkhna>

Fhopd y pihyh (masfhbsd)

]urksod fuiturhi

]rhjhnd/baldfkd

Astumkds

Ukskth h ehokikhras d hoklds

Dtrds

]kpd ma hidnhokabtd murhbta ih asthbfkh>

Ukvkabmh ma ehokikhras y hoklds

Ukvkabmh prdpkh

@dtaias y skokihras

Ukvkabmh hiqukihmh

Fhsh rurhi

Fhopkbl / Fhrhvhbh

Dtrds

Qtkikz Kbtarbat phrh ih pihbkekfhfkb y aiaffkb ma asa mastkbd turstkfd4

V

Bd

Qtkikz Kbtarbat phrh ih rasarvh d phld mai hidnhokabtd, ai phld mai trhbspdrta dai phld ma dtrds sarvkfkds raihfkdbhmds fdb ai vkhna (an. fdoprh ma abtrhmhs,atf.)4

V

Bd

Murhbta ai vkhna utkikz hilb mkspdsktkvd ovki (Vohrtp`dba d ]hjiat) phrhrahikzhr ubh fdbsuith raihfkdbhmh fdb asa mastkbd turstkfd, pdr anaopid,`drhrkds, hftkvkmhmas fuiturhias, sktkds mdbma fdoar, fdoprh ma abtrhmhs, atf4

V

BdMurhbta d maspus mai vkhna, utkikz hilb mkspdsktkvd ovki (Vohrtp`dba d]hjiat) phrh>

Fhrlhr edtds d vmads mai vkhna h ramas sdfkhias

Sdbar fdoabthrkds d rafdoabmhr iulhras qua vkskt ab ramas sdfkhias

Vahihr mbma sa abfdbtrhjh (LSV)

Dtrds

Bd utkikf bkblb mkspdsktkvd ovki phrh asths fuastkdbas

El consumidor turístico y el uso de las nuevas tecnologías

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