Estudio Del Efecto de La Presión 2

ESTUDIO DEL EFECTO DE LA PRESIN SOBRE LA DESHIDRATACIN OSMTICA DEL MANGO

DEFINICIN DEL PROBLEMAExiste un excedente de produccin de mango que no es exportable como fruta fresca, por lo tanto es necesario desarrollar alternativas de industrializacin para aprovechar este excedente de la fruta.

Desafortunadamente, los mtodos tradicionales de conservacin como secado, refrigeracin, congelacin, etc. causan alteraciones en el color, sabor y textura que afectan considerablemente la calidad del producto final.

SOLUCIN PROPUESTAAplicacin del proceso de deshidratacin osmtica, como un pre-tratamiento , ya que estudios previos han demostrado que su aplicacin mejora las caractersticas nutricionales, sensoriales y funcionales del alimento .

Existen varios factores que influyen en el proceso de deshidratacin osmtica, como son la temperatura, tipo de agente osmtico, concentracin de la solucin osmtica, entre otros

OBJETIVOEstudiar el efecto de la aplicacin de presiones vaco al deshidratar osmticamente una fruta tropical propia de nuestro pas, como es el mango de la variedad Tomy Atkins y determinar las ventajas de este proceso, estableciendo un pre-tratamiento que permita obtener productos a partir del mango de rechazo.

FUNDAMENTO TERICO

Deshidratacin osmtica Consiste en la eliminacin del contenido de agua de un alimento, mediante la inmersin de este, en solucin acuosa de alta concentracin de soluto (solucin hipertnica).

El agua se traslada desde la disolucin ms concentrada en agua (alimento) hacia la menos concentrada (solucin hipertnica), de tal manera que tienden a igualarse las concentraciones de agua en ambos lados de la membrana.

Transferencia de masa en la deshidratacin osmtica

Actividad del aguaLa actividad del agua ( aw ) es la disponibilidad del agua para el crecimiento de microorganismos y las reacciones bioqumicas.

La actividad de agua de la solucin osmtica debe de ser menor a la del alimento para que se pueda llevar a cabo el proceso. El proceso de osmosis llega a su trmino hasta que las actividades de agua de la solucin osmtica y el alimento se igualan

Factores que afectan la Deshidratacin Osmtica Los factores que pueden afectar la deshidratacin osmtica son los siguientes:Naturaleza del alimento.Tamao de los trozos.Tipo de solucin osmtica.Concentracin de la solucin osmtica.Temperatura de la solucin osmtica.Tiempo.Relacin peso alimento-peso solucin osmtica.Presin.

DESHIDRATACIN OSMTICA AL VACO La deshidratacin osmtica bajo condiciones de presin por debajo de la presin atmosfrica es una nueva tcnica de deshidratacin osmtica conocida como deshidratacin osmtica al vaco (DOV).

La deshidratacin osmtica con pulsos de vaco ( DOPV ) es la deshidratacin osmtica al vaco , en donde el vaco es aplicado durante periodos cortos de tiempo seguido de largos periodos de deshidratacin osmtica a presin atmosfrica

Mecanismos de Transferencia de Masa El mecanismo hidrodinmico (HDM) y el fenmeno deformacin- relajacin (DRP) han sido propuestos por Pedro Fito, et al (1993), para la explicacin de los fenmenos de transferencia de masa ocurridos durante la deshidratacin osmtica al vaco

Al tiempo t=0, se tiene un volumen de gas atrapado en el poro.En la etapa 1,se aplica vaco , provocando que el gas atrapado en el poro se expanda y la matriz slida se deforme.

En la etapa 2 ,ocurre el HDM, provocando que los espacios intercelulares se llenen parcialmente de lquidos , un volumen Xv1 .

En la etapa 3 se reestablece la presin atmosfrica al sistema por un cierto tiempo (t2) y durante este tiempo cierta cantidad de liquido (Xv2) es trasportado al interior de la matriz en lugar del gas, producindose una nueva deformacin de la matriz del slido representada por Xc2

EXPERIMENTOSREALIZADOS

Caractersticas del Mango [1] Grados Brix [2] Kg de acido predominante / 100 Kg de muestra [3] ( Slidos solubles / acidez de la fruta ) .

VariedadTommy AtkinksOrigenEcuadorSlidos solubles[1]9.2 1pH4Actividad de agua0.99Acidez[2]0,8854ndice de madurez[3]10.39Humedad85 %

Deshidratacin osmtica de mangoa presin atmosfrica.

Mtodos de evaluacin de procesos osmticos a presin atmosfrica

Prdidas de agua y ganancia de slidos

Velocidades de prdidas de agua y ganancia de slidos

COEFICIENTES DE DIFUSIN DE AGUA Y DE SLIDOS

Reduccin de peso y Actividad de agua

Grfico1

0000

10101010

20202020

18.618389464322.447389558223.458865301823.4782608696

40404040

50505050

27.729096645930.261847389635.161856916237.3913043478

70707070

80808080

32.472220316934.871485943842.152678099345.2173913043

100100100100

110110110110

35.776630770340.284337349447.556092770351.3043478261

37.42883599741.887550200849.885736949554.7826086957

38.462000137243.693975903650.397559870155.652173913

39.495164277445.09718875550.320125406156.5217391304

40.733246450446.298795180750.550540152660

35 C 55Brix

35C 65 Brix

45C 55Brix

45 C 65 Brix

t (min )

Reduccin de Peso ( % )

35

PRESIN ATMOSFERICA T = 35 C 55 BRIX0.79

GRAFICO VARIACION M0.78

MANGO 1M 2M1M2

t (min)Peso m1p1Peso M1P2Prmde PesosDM1Peso M2P1Peso M2P2PROMEDIODM2DMT 35 55Brix M1P1Brix M1P2PROM BRIXDMs M1Brix M2P1Brix M2P2PRM BRIXDMs M2S 35 55

01.211.231.2201.191.21.1950099907.47.47.400

101.131.151.140.06557377051.11.121.110.07112970710.068351738819.21919.10.088475409817.617.417.50.08855230130.0885138555

201.071.011.040.14754098361.041.041.040.1297071130.13862404832222.422.20.09924590162122.221.60.11398326360.1066145826

300.970.980.9750.200819672110.980.990.17154811720.186183894624.224.424.30.10420081972323.223.10.11737238490.1107866023

400.950.940.9450.22540983610.970.930.950.20502092050.21521537832527260.111393442626.424.825.60.12951464440.1204540435

500.920.90.910.25409836070.920.90.910.23849372380.246296042328.228.428.30.12109016392827.427.70.13693723850.1290137012

600.880.850.8650.29098360660.880.880.880.26359832640.27729096652929290.115614754129.22929.10.1402928870.1279538206

700.830.810.820.32786885250.910.850.880.26359832640.29573358943030.430.20.11298360663230310.15428451880.1336340627

800.820.790.8050.34016393440.890.820.8550.28451882850.3123413814343333.50.1310450823432.433.20.1635397490.1472924155

900.80.770.7850.3565573770.880.810.8450.29288702930.32472220323534.234.60.132631147535.43334.20.1678326360.1502318918

1000.80.770.7850.3565573770.880.80.840.29707112970.326814253436.436.436.40.1442131148373636.50.18256903770.1633910762

1100.770.730.750.38524590160.920.780.850.28870292890.33697441534038390.149754098438.436.537.450.19238075310.1710674257

1200.760.710.7350.39754098360.880.750.8150.31799163180.35776630774242.842.40.1654426234040400.19880334730.1821229851

1500.740.680.710.41803278690.880.720.80.33054393310.3742883643.243.443.30.161991803340.44140.70.19846861920.1802302113

1800.720.670.6950.43032786890.870.710.790.33891213390.384620001444.444.244.30.162364754141.642.4420.20365690380.1830108289

2100.70.660.680.44262295080.860.70.780.34728033470.394951642844.844.844.80.15970491844.84544.90.21907112970.1893880239

2400.690.630.660.45901639340.850.690.770.35564853560.407332464546.246.446.30.160475409846.446.246.30.2243347280.1924050689

1-0.09-0.074

1-0.09-0.074

1-0.09-0.074

PRESIN ATMOSFERICA T = 35 C 65 BRIX1-0.09-0.074

t (min)GRAFICO VARIACION M1-0.09-0.074

MANGO 1M 21M1-0.09M2-0.074

Peso M1p1Peso m1p2Prmde PesosDMTPeso m2p1Peso m2p2PROMEDIODMTDMT35 65Brix m1p1Brix m1p2PROM BRIX0Brix m2p1Brix m2p2PRM BRIXDMS M2S 35 650.000.00t (min)

01.251.251.2501.261.231.245008.48.48.4010.410.410.4001.259.400

101.11.11.10.121.131.11.1150.10441767070.112208835317.42018.70.0805619.42015.20.03212851410.0563442571.1119.2010

201.051.011.030.1761.021.021.020.18072289160.178361445824.422.623.50.1096424.626.823.10.0852530120.0974465061.0324.6020

301.020.950.9850.2120.950.950.950.23694779120.224473895627.225.226.20.1224562727.626.10.09515662650.10880631330.9726.7530

401.010.910.960.2320.910.910.910.26907630520.25053815262828.228.10.131808312827.50.09700401610.1144060080.9428.8040

500.960.860.910.2720.880.880.880.29317269080.282586345430.429.429.90.13367233.434.832.90.12854618470.13110909240.9032.0050

600.950.810.880.2960.860.860.860.30923694780.302618473932.232.432.30.14339236.235.434.40.133622490.1385072450.8734.0560

700.950.780.8650.3080.850.850.850.31726907630.312634538233.633.233.40.14712837.236.436.30.14383132530.14547966270.8635.1070

800.940.740.840.3280.820.820.820.34136546180.33468273093738.237.60.16867238.438.637.90.145622490.1571472450.8338.0580

900.930.720.8250.340.80.80.80.35742971890.348714859439.439.239.30.1753840.241.439.90.15238554220.16388277110.8140.0590

1000.920.680.80.360.760.760.760.38955823290.374779116540.442.241.30.180324343.241.70.15055421690.16543710840.7842.20100

1100.910.670.790.3680.750.750.750.39759036140.382795180743.443.643.50.1909245.645.444.20.16226506020.17659253010.7744.50110

1200.90.640.770.3840.720.720.720.4216867470.402843373544.64745.80.19812846.646.4460.16202409640.18007604820.7546.15120

1500.890.610.750.40.70.70.70.4377510040.41887550245.44846.70.1962484746.80.15913253010.17766626510.7347.10150

1800.890.60.7450.4040.660.660.660.46987951810.4369397595049.449.70.21221249.550490.15575903610.18398551810.7049.73180

2100.890.570.730.4160.640.640.640.48594377510.450971887654.551.5530.2255251.55451.750.16202409640.19377204820.6952.88210

2400.870.550.710.4320.630.630.630.49397590360.462987951855.552.5540.2227255.556.5540.1692530120.1959865060.6755.00240

45

PRESIN ATMOSFERICA T = 45 C 55 BRIX0.79

t (min)GRAFICO VARIACION M0.78

MANGO 1MANGO 2M1M2

Peso m1p1Peso M1P2Prmde PesosDM1Peso M2P1Peso M2P2PROMEDIODM2DMT 45 55Brix M1P1Brix M1P2PROM BRIXDMs M1Brix M2P1Brix M2P2PRM BRIXDMs M2S 45 55

0.001.201.241.2201.101.071.0850010101007.57.57.500

10.001.021.031.0250.15983606561.020.960.990.08755760370.12369683461414140.01762295081717.417.20.08194009220.0497815215

20.000.900.910.9050.25819672130.970.900.9350.13824884790.1982227846171817.50.02981557382219.220.60.10252073730.0661681555

30.000.850.850.850.30327868850.950.860.9050.16589861750.23458865321.82121.40.049098360723.521.422.450.11225576040.0806770605

40.000.790.800.7950.34836065570.920.800.860.20737327190.2778669638232222.50.04661885252726.826.90.13821658990.0924177212

50.000.740.740.740.3934426230.880.780.830.23502304150.31423283222426250.051639344329.427.228.30.14148847930.0965639118

60.000.700.710.7050.42213114750.850.710.780.28110599080.35161856922527260.050245901635.431.433.40.16511059910.1076782504

70.000.660.700.680.44262295080.810.700.7550.30414746540.37338520812827.827.90.05550819673632.434.20.16298156680.1092448818

80.000.650.650.650.46721311480.790.660.7250.3317972350.3995051749303130.50.062538.635.236.90.17156682030.1170334101

90.000.630.630.630.48360655740.770.620.6950.35944700460.421526781363535.50.083319672139.237.438.30.17033179720.1268257347

100.000.610.620.6150.49590163930.740.610.6750.37788018430.436890911836.23636.10.081979508240.63839.30.16949308760.1257362979

110.000.600.580.590.51639344260.740.600.670.38248847930.449440960938.637.838.20.084737704943.24142.10.18497235020.1348550276

120.000.590.530.560.54098360660.730.550.640.41013824880.47556092773941400.083606557444.642.243.40.1810.1323032787

150.000.600.530.5650.53688524590.650.520.5850.46082949310.498857369539.844.642.20.095434426246.444.645.50.17032258060.1328785034

180.000.610.540.5750.52868852460.630.500.5650.47926267280.50397559874248450.112090163948.246.247.20.17078801840.1414390912

210.000.660.550.6050.50409836070.620.460.540.50230414750.503201254147.24948.10.138528688550.44748.70.16737788020.1529532844

240.000.660.550.6050.50409836070.610.460.5350.50691244240.50550540154850490.142991803351.650.4510.17647465440.1597332288

1-0.1-0.075

1-0.1-0.075

1-0.1-0.075

PRESIN ATMOSFERICA T = 45 C 65 BRIX1-0.1-0.075

t (min)GRAFICO VARIACION M1-0.1-0.075

MANGO 1MANGO 21M1-0.1M2-0.075

Peso M1p1Peso m1p2Prmde PesosDMTPeso m2p1Peso m2p2PROMEDIODMTDMT 45 65Brix m1p1Brix m1p2PROM BRIX0Brix m2p1Brix m2p2PRM BRIXDMS M2S45 65

0.001.151.181.16501.211.211.2100111111099900

10.001.031.111.070.08154506441.081.141.110.08264462810.0820948462242323.50.105836909923.22416.50.06136363640.0836002731

20.000.940.990.9650.17167381971.021.071.0450.13636363640.15401872812729280.121931330524.526.424.80.12418181820.1230565743

30.000.880.950.9150.21459227470.921.010.9650.20247933880.208535806833.23634.60.16175107334.23730.750.15523760330.1584943381

40.000.840.870.8550.26609442060.870.950.910.24793388430.257014152434.438.236.30.1564077253373836.10.18149586780.1689517965

50.000.770.810.790.3218884120.820.910.8650.28512396690.30350618953943410.16802575113840.638.80.18737190080.1776988259

60.000.720.780.750.3562231760.760.840.80.33884297520.347533075640.644.442.50.163605150241.441.439.70.17247933880.1680422445

70.000.680.710.6950.40343347640.720.800.760.37190082640.387667151446.444.645.50.161437768243.442.842.10.17442975210.1679337602

80.000.640.700.670.42489270390.690.760.7250.40082644630.4128595751474847.50.163175965748.444.844.10.17423553720.1687057514

90.000.630.670.650.44206008580.660.740.70.42148760330.431773844649.449.449.40.165622317649.64948.70.19173553720.1786789274

100.000.580.650.6150.47210300430.590.720.6550.4586776860.465390345151.65251.80.163450643850.85049.80.17957851240.1715145781

110.000.570.590.580.50214592270.580.680.630.4793388430.490742382952.453.6530.153862660951.451.451.10.17605785120.1649602561

120.000.560.550.5550.52360515020.560.650.6050.50.511802575155.25655.60.15487553655453.252.30.17150.1631877682

150.000.520.510.5150.55793991420.520.600.560.53719008260.54756499845660.458.20.147278975755.654.80.16361983470.1554494023

180.000.510.490.50.57081545060.510.550.530.56198347110.5663994609606361.50.15394849795959.458.20.16492561980.1594370588

210.000.500.460.480.58798283260.500.520.510.57851239670.58324761476668670.16605150216363610.1671074380.1665794701

240.000.460.460.460.60515021460.490.510.50.58677685950.59596353767.568.5680.158497854166.56664.50.17652892560.1675133898

Hoja1

Hoja2

Anlisis de varianza de un factor

RESUMEN

GruposCuentaSumaPromedioVarianza

Columna 1174.64750668770.27338274630.0137888421

Columna 2175.27701204820.31041247340.0159799956

Columna 3176.06807622570.35694566030.0219107213

Columna 4176.34611428370.37330084020.0329001233

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA

Origen de las variacionesSuma de cuadradosGrados de libertadPromedio de los cuadradosFProbabilidadValor crtico para F

Entre grupos0.105082792130.03502759741.65654901670.18522190352.7481909106

Dentro de los grupos1.3532749157640.0211449206

Total1.458357707867

Hoja6

Anlisis de varianza de dos factores con una sola muestra por grupo

RESUMENCuentaSumaPromedioVarianza

Fila 140.3863522550.09658806380.0006620791

Fila 240.66922700670.16730675170.0006924255

Fila 340.853782250.21344556250.0004453195

Fila 441.00063464720.25015866180.0006786416

Fila 541.14662140930.28665535230.0008966329

Fila 641.27906108510.31976527130.0012945876

Fila 741.36942048710.34235512180.0020243089

Fila 841.45938886230.36484721560.0023910399

Fila 941.52673768820.3816844220.0028093501

Fila 1041.60387462680.40096865670.00387511

Fila 1141.65995293980.41498823490.0046827434

Fila 1241.7479731840.4369932960.0048423411

Fila 1341.83958622990.45989655750.0060717303

Fila 1441.891934820.4729837050.0062647704

Fila 1541.9323723990.48309309980.0064119845

Fila 1641.97178935490.49294733870.0063325045

Columna 1164.64750668770.2904691680.0094141476

Columna 2165.27701204820.3298132530.0102201188

Columna 3166.06807622570.37925476410.0143465466

Columna 4166.34611428370.39663214270.0252225907

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Filas0.8485748138150.056571654364.48750878901.894874695

Columnas0.111650466630.037216822242.424429335902.8115435173

Error0.039476241450.0008772498

Total0.999701521463

Hoja3

Resumen

Estadsticas de la regresin

Coeficiente de correlacin mltiple0.8617404205

Coeficiente de determinacin R^20.7425965524

R^2 ajustado0.7254363226

Error tpico0.1084013528

Observaciones17

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA

Grados de libertadSuma de cuadradosPromedio de los cuadradosFValor crtico de F

Regresin10.50850968920.508509689243.27427775160.000008758

Residuos150.17626279940.0117508533

Total160.6847724886

CoeficientesError tpicoEstadstico tProbabilidadInferior 95%Superior 95%Inferior 95,0%Superior 95,0%

Intercepcin0.70306376480.044188248415.91065023440.00000000010.60887874330.79724878640.60887874330.7972487864

Variable X 1-0.00254601690.0003870316-6.57831876330.000008758-0.0033709551-0.0017210787-0.0033709551-0.0017210787

Anlisis de los residuales

ObservacinPronstico para YResiduosResiduos estndares

10.70306376480.27782898522.6470199366g/ ming/h

20.67760359570.11086590431.0562766110.01030.618

30.65214342660.03610857340.34402498890.00870.522

40.62668325760.00454636740.04331558580.00470.282

50.6012230885-0.0289240885-0.27557469860.01130.678

60.5757629194-0.0481644194-0.45888724790.00070.042

70.5503027503-0.0739147503-0.70422392240.00090.054

80.5248425812-0.0741808312-0.70675901240.00060.036

90.4993824122-0.0857824122-0.81729325340.00020.012

100.4739222431-0.0965622431-0.91999825850.00010.006

110.448462074-0.086230074-0.82155835840.00020.012

120.4230019049-0.0846289049-0.80630319530.00020.012

130.3975417358-0.0845817358-0.80585379120.000070.0042

140.3211612286-0.0336037286-0.3201600418

150.24478072130.02745127870.2615424804

160.16840021410.08617578590.8210411279

170.09201970680.15359629321.4633910493

Hoja3

0.980892750

0.788469510

0.68825220

0.63122962530

0.57229940

0.527598550

0.47638860

0.4506617570

0.413680

0.3773690

0.362232100

0.338373110

0.31296120

0.2875575150

0.272232180

0.254576210

0.245616240

Y

Pronstico para Y

Variable X 1

Y

Variable X 1 Curva de regresin ajustada

velocidades

35 5555

t ( min )g H20/ g soV

05.9735006974KG/hg/h

103.09165302780.28820.00028820.01729217.292

202.56633380880.05250.00005250.003153.15t ( min )

0-1017.29214.93412.69615.096

302.351206434310 203.154.1583.781.8

402.1308703820.02180.00002180.0013081.30820-401.3081.22.1841.8

501.929115407140-600.91.21.0981.17

601.84171639670.0150.0000150.00090.960-800.90.6781.0980.72

701.7218290691080-1200.660.5340.60.318

801.53228665480.0150.0000150.00090.9120-2400.1080.150.160.15

901.466699556

1001.3479690068

1101.254029077

1201.11237853820.0110.0000110.000660.66

1501.0772746157

1801.0288090891

2100.9611688566

2400.90694126620.00180.00000180.0001080.1080.174

0.102

35 6555

t ( min )g H20/ g soV

05.435006435

102.94632991320.24890.00024890.01493414.934

202.25309043590.06930.00006930.0041584.158

302.040437823

401.86204922720.020.000020.00121.2

501.6219192449

601.48818113960.020.000020.00121.2

701.4248302619

801.26295541980.01130.00001130.0006780.678

901.1649707729

1001.068680182

1100.9747235387

1200.9124115510.00890.00000890.0005340.534

1500.8782870023

1800.7900295355

2100.6944844531

2400.63559044820.00250.00000250.000150.15

45 55

t ( min )g H20/ g so

05.7159167226

103.59981600740.21160.00021160.01269612.696

202.96982929730.0630.0000630.003783.78

302.5631569571

402.2425421530.03640.00003640.0021842.184

502.0497102775

601.79017857140.01830.00001830.0010981.098

701.6888948642

801.51004016060.01830.00001830.0010981.098

901.3234200743

1001.2810218978

1101.1602938

1201.09030100330.010.000010.00060.6

1501.00040008

1800.9142419602

2100.8335166850.00290.00000290.0001740.174

2400.78126113290.00260.00000260.0001560.156

45C 65

t ( min )

04.8343057176

102.31785003320.25160.00025160.01509615.096

202.01750150880.030.000030.00181.8

301.54194204370.01030.00001030.0006180.618

401.4666995560.030.000030.00181.8

501.2153300842

601.07727461570.01950.00001950.001171.17

700.9033117625

800.84706316960.0120.0000120.000720.72

900.7876296031

1000.725923369

1100.6909029422

1200.63025758070.00530.00000530.0003180.318

1500.5989766549

1800.498351813

2100.4056789429

2400.35795763170.00250.00000250.000150.15

velocidades

Humedad X ( Kg de H2O/ Kg de solidos seco )

Velocidad de secado ( Kg de H20/h )

Curva de velocidad de secado en funcin del contenido de Humedad libre 35 C 55Brix

datos

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Humedad X ( Kg de H2O/ kg de slido seco )

Velocidad de secado( Kg de H2O/ h )

Curva de velocidad de secado en funcin del contenido de Humedad libre 35 C 65Brix

45 55 65 SOLID

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Curva de velocidad de secado en funcin del contenido de Humedad libre 45C 55 Brix

Humedad X (Kg de H2O / Kg de slido seco)

Velocidad de secado ( kg de H20/ h )

55 35 45

Humedad X ( Kg de H2O/ Kg de slido seco )

Velocidad de secado ( Kg de H2O / h )

Curva de velocidad de secado en funcin del contenido de Humedad libre 45C 65 Brix

Hoja17

Grafico s 35 C 55 Brix

CNS

t ( min )WBrixSI% ST% Hg Aguag Solidosg H20/ g soHumedadMt`0,535 C 55Brix35 C 55Brix35 C 55Brix

01.218.26.1414.3485.661.0364860.1735145.97350069740.856635 C 55Brix0-0.277021153810

101.1318.36.1424.4475.560.8538280.2761723.09165302780.75560.17622814013.16227766021.59164102030.1509570248

201.0421.96.1428.0471.960.7483840.2916162.56633380880.71960.27796033914.4721359551.68064824740.2381008264

300.9823.76.1429.8470.160.6875680.2924322.35120643430.70160.33663551655.47722557510.05847692311.6853510380.2883619835

400.9525.86.1431.9468.060.64486850.30263152.1308703820.68060.37783192446.32455532030.09953413461.74413303830.3236508264

500.91286.1434.1465.860.5993260.3106741.92911540710.65860.4217712547.07106781190.1433251.7904837650.3612892562

600.8729.056.1435.1964.810.565467250.307032751.84171639670.64810.45443812077.74596669240.17588149041.76949842660.3892716942

700.8530.66.1436.7463.260.537710.312291.72182906910.63260.48121827028.36660026530.20257115381.79979713450.4122115702

800.8333.356.1439.4960.510.5022330.3277671.53228665480.60510.51544642198.944271910.23668365381.8889945480.441531405

900.8234.46.1440.5459.460.4845990.3304011.4666995560.59460.53245967639.48683298050.25363942311.90417487930.4561049587

1000.8136.456.1442.5957.410.466456250.346043751.34796900680.57410.5499637718100.2710843751.99432754710.4710989669

1100.8038.2256.1444.36555.6350.445080.354921.2540290770.556350.570587542910.48808848170.29163846152.04548336160.4887652893

1200.7841.26.1447.3452.660.4081150.3668851.11237853820.52660.606251314510.95445115010.32718173082.11444033330.519314876

1500.755426.1448.1451.860.3915430.3634571.07727461570.51860.622239953112.24744871390.34311634622.09468400240.5330107438

1800.742543.156.1449.2950.710.376521750.365978251.02880908910.50710.636732430513.4164078650.35755985582.10921453020.545425

2100.7344.856.1450.9949.010.3577730.3722270.96116885660.49010.654821193914.49137674620.37558752.14522747440.5609198347

2400.7246.36.1452.4447.560.3424320.3775680.90694126620.47560.669622165715.49193338480.39033846152.17600885230.5735983471

1

1

Grafico 35 C 65 Brix1

0CNS


01.24759.46.1415.5484.461.05363850.19386155.4350064350.844635 C 65Brix0-0.612978735610

101.107519.26.1425.3474.660.82685950.28064052.94632991320.74660.21523416241.44763400680.1817867735

201.02524.66.1430.7469.260.7099150.3150852.25309043590.69260.32622526611.62530982170.2755298597

300.967526.756.1432.8967.110.649289250.318210752.0404378230.67110.38376468785.4772255751-0.14820948281.6414334460.3241276553

400.93528.86.1434.9465.060.6083110.3266891.86204922720.65060.42265682211.68516698780.3569759519

500.895326.1438.1461.860.5536470.3413531.62191924490.61860.47453799381.76080861850.4007947896

600.8734.056.1440.1959.810.5203470.3496531.48818113960.59810.50614276157.745966692401.80362268940.4274881764

700.857535.16.1441.2458.760.5038670.3536331.42483026190.58760.52178379971.82415281010.4406985972

800.8338.056.1444.1955.810.4632230.3667771.26295541980.55810.56035869991.89195379180.4732789579

900.812540.056.1446.1953.810.437206250.375293751.16497077290.53810.58505099239.48683298050.09556408051.93588592890.4941340681

1000.7842.26.1448.3451.660.4029480.3770521.0686801820.51660.61756522751.94495554820.5215955912

1100.7744.56.1450.6449.360.3800720.3899280.97472353870.49360.63927665892.01137409960.5399330661

1200.74546.156.1452.2947.710.35543950.38956050.9124115510.47710.662655170610.95445115010.18954885062.00947841630.5596785571

1500.72547.16.1453.2446.760.339010.385990.87828700230.46760.678248279712.24744871390.20843333331.99106062830.572848497

1800.702549.7256.1455.86544.1350.3100483750.3924516250.79002953550.441350.705735529813.4164078650.24172255752.02439176940.5960642285

2100.68552.8756.1459.01540.9850.280747250.404252750.69448445310.409850.733544996714.49137674620.27540201152.08526576960.6195521042

2400.67556.1461.1438.860.2603620.4096380.63559044820.38860.752892476915.49193338480.29883333332.11304462210.635892986

Grafico 45 C 55 Brix

CNS

t ( min )WBrixSI% ST% Hg Solidosg H20/ g soHumedadMt`0,545 C 55Brix45 C 55Brix45 C 55Brix

01.15258.756.1414.8985.110.980892750.171607255.71591672260.851145 C 55Brix0-0.679467676810

101.007515.66.1421.7478.260.78846950.21903053.59981600740.78260.19617154881.27634759020.1669616052

200.9219.056.1425.1974.810.6882520.2317482.96982929730.74810.29834123051.35045576450.2539182213

300.877521.9256.1428.06571.9350.6312296250.2462703752.56315695710.719350.35647436995.4772255751-0.20854090911.43508141410.3033953362

400.827524.76.1430.8469.160.5722990.2552012.2425421530.69160.4165529311.48712248460.3545281996

500.78526.656.1432.7967.210.52759850.25740152.04971027750.67210.46212417211.49994536940.3933138829

600.742529.76.1435.8464.160.4763880.2661121.79017857140.64160.51433222447.745966692401.55070371440.4377481562

700.717531.056.1437.1962.810.450661750.266838251.68889486420.62810.54055960761.55493576170.460070282

800.687533.76.1439.8460.160.41360.27391.51004016060.60160.57834331.59608641240.4922279826

900.662536.96.1443.0456.960.377360.285141.32342007430.56960.61528923529.48683298050.13337104381.66158481070.5236726681

1000.64537.76.1443.8456.160.3622320.2827681.28102189780.56160.63071192031.64776255080.5367989154

1100.6340.156.1446.2953.710.3383730.2916271.16029380.53710.65503568051.69938624390.5575008677

1200.641.76.1447.8452.160.312960.287041.09030100330.52160.680943711710.95445115010.22010505051.6726566040.5795511931

1500.57543.856.1449.9950.010.28755750.28744251.000400080.50010.706841038412.24744871390.25431717171.6750020760.6015924078

1800.5746.16.1452.2447.760.2722320.2977680.91424196020.47760.722465070713.4164078650.27495757581.73517144530.6148900217

2100.5648.46.1454.5445.460.2545760.3054240.8335166850.45460.740464999914.49137674620.29873670031.7797849450.6302097614

2400.56506.1456.1443.860.2456160.3143840.78126113290.43860.749599535715.49193338480.31080404041.83199719130.6379841649

Grafico 45 C 65 Brix

CNS


01.15116.1417.1482.860.952890.197114.83430571760.828645 C 65Brix0-0.804858333310

101.03246.1430.1469.860.7195580.3104422.31785003320.24486771821.57496829180.2028973913

200.94276.1433.1466.860.6284840.3115162.01750150880.34044433251.5804170260.2820921739

300.8833.26.1439.3460.660.5338080.3461921.54194204370.60660.43980102645.4772255751-0.22281.75633910.36441913042.0183478596

400.8434.46.1440.5459.460.4994640.3405361.4666995560.47584296191.72764446250.39428347831.9529849114

500.77396.1445.1454.860.4224220.3475781.21533008420.55669384711.76337070670.46127652171.9645955036

600.72426.1448.1451.860.3733920.3466081.07727461570.51860.6081478457.745966692401.75844959670.50391130431.8342236523

700.6846.46.1452.5447.460.3227280.3572720.90331176250.66131662631.81255136730.54796695651.7739800381

800.64486.1454.1445.860.2935040.3464960.84706316960.69198543381.7578813860.57337913041.7828428769

900.6349.86.1455.9444.060.2775780.3524220.78762960310.44060.70869880059.48683298050.1330751.78794581710.58722782611.8334478773

1000.651.86.1457.9442.060.252360.347640.7259233690.73516355511.76368525190.60915652171.8309955953

1100.57536.1459.1440.860.2329020.3370980.69090294220.75558354061.7102024250.6260765217

1200.5655.26.1461.3438.660.2164960.3435040.63025758070.38660.772800638110.95445115010.21791111111.74270204450.6403426087

1500.5256.46.1462.5437.460.1947920.3252080.59897665490.37460.795577663712.24744871390.24805555561.64988077720.6592156522

1800.5160.66.1466.7433.260.1696260.3403740.4983518130.33260.821987847513.4164078650.28300833331.72682258640.6810991304

2100.5656.1471.1428.860.14430.35570.40567894290.28860.848565941514.49137674620.31818333331.8045761250.7031217391

2400.4667.56.1473.6426.360.1212560.3387440.35795763170.26360.872749215515.49193338480.35018888891.71855309220.72316

Velocidades medias de transferencia de masa

T ( C )

( Brix )g/ ming/ min

3555-0.002330.72370.0005860.6559

3565-0.002610.73330.0006230.6332

4555-0.002600.72540.0004340.7198

4565-0.002760.70270.0002180.1126

Hoja17

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

35 C 55 Brix

35C 65Brix

45C 55Brix

45C 65Brix

t (min)

Humedad libre X (Kg de H2O/ Kg solido seco)

Hoja12

35C 55Brix

45C 55 brix

45C 65 Brix

35C 65Brix

t (min )

Slidos (g )

Hoja4

35C 55Brix

35C 65Brix

45C 55Brix

45C 65Brix

t^0,5 (min )

Velocidad de difusion del agua

Hoja7

35 C 55Brix

35 C 65Brix

45 C 55Brix

45 C 65Brix

t^0,5 (min)

Velocidad de ganancia de solidos

Hoja8

35C 55Brix

35C 65Brix

45C 55C

45C 65Brix

t ( min)

Slidos solubles ( Brix)

Hoja9

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

35C 55Brix

35 C 65Brix

45C 55Brix

45C 65C

t ( min )

Humedad (% )

Hoja10

Hoja11


RESUMEN


45C 55Brix17182.628935937110.742878584516.510126124

45 C 65 BRix17239.751304347814.103017902816.3446746803

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos95.9695580249195.96955802495.8420416910.02152340294.1490974088


Total621.646370894333

graficos


RESUMEN


35 C 55Brix17237.61105957213.977121151323.1279589649

45C 55Brix17182.628935937110.742878584516.510126124

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos88.9127623352188.91276233524.48622894550.04202975754.1490974088


Total723.122123758433


RESUMEN


35C 65 Brix16219.065861847413.691616365527.1318632353

45 C 65 BRix16223.751304347813.984456521717.1794229994

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.68604285710.6860428570.03096470070.86150162084.1708767574


Total665.355336377731


RESUMEN


Columna 130.6660.2220.117936

Columna 230.5880.1960.080148

Columna 330.330.110.022332

Columna 430.69420.23140.14960388

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.0275216130.009173870.09917164450.95824630244.0661805566


Total0.7675613711


RESUMEN


Columna 1152.18370552680.14558036850.0010137304

Columna 2152.19065861850.14604390790.0014787159

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.000001611510.00000161150.001293120.97156941854.1959717074


Total0.0348958629

t

(min)35 C 55 B35 C 65B45 C 55B45 C 65 B

g/ hg/ hg/hg/h

100.6180.5220.2820.678

600.0360.0720.0540.048

1200.060.0420.0240.012

2400.0060.0120.0120.0042

35C 55Brix

35C 65Brix

45C 55Brix

45C 65Brix

t (min)

Velocidad de ganancia de solidos (g/h)


RESUMEN


Columna 1161.82628935940.1141430850.0009435966

Columna 2162.39751304350.14984456520.0003345916

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.010196765510.010196765515.95503050380.00038779384.1708767574


Total0.029369587931


RESUMEN


Columna 1162.39751304350.14984456520.0003345916

Columna 2162.38664512450.14916532030.0015360263

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.00000369110.0000036910.00394627840.95032699924.1708767574


Total0.028062959531


RESUMEN


Columna 1161.82628935940.1141430850.0009435966

Columna 2162.37611059570.14850691220.0010831829

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.00944698110.0094469819.32215974280.00471242734.1708767574


Total0.039848673131


RESUMEN


Columna 1162.39751304350.14984456520.0003345916

Columna 2162.38664512450.14916532030.0015360263

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.00000369110.0000036910.00394627840.95032699924.1708767574


Total0.028062959531


RESUMEN


Columna 1168.5596260870.53497663040.0239505837

Columna 2167.42037985970.46377374120.0169545406

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Entre grupos0.040558811410.04055881141.98306751010.16934701194.1708767574


Total0.654135675231

Graficos de reduccion de Peso

DM

t (min)35 C 55Brix35C 65 C45C 55Brix45 C 65 BRix35 C 55Brix35C 65 Brix45C 55Brix45 C 65 Brix

000000000

100.06835173880.11220883530.12369683460.1043478261

200.13862404830.17836144580.19822278460.1826086957

300.18618389460.22447389560.2345886530.234782608718.618389464322.447389558223.458865301823.4782608696

400.21521537830.25053815260.27786696380.2695652174

500.24629604230.28258634540.31423283220.3304347826

600.27729096650.30261847390.35161856920.373913043527.729096645930.261847389635.161856916237.3913043478

700.29573358940.31263453820.37338520810.4086956522

800.31234138140.33468273090.39950517490.4434782609

900.32472220320.34871485940.4215267810.45217391332.472220316934.871485943842.152678099345.2173913043

1000.32681425340.37477911650.43689091180.4782608696

1100.33697441530.38279518070.44944096090.5043478261

1200.35776630770.40284337350.47556092770.513043478335.776630770340.284337349447.556092770351.3043478261

1500.374288360.4188755020.49885736950.54782608737.42883599741.887550200849.885736949554.7826086957

1800.38462000140.4369397590.50397559870.556521739138.462000137243.693975903650.397559870155.652173913

2100.39495164280.45097188760.50320125410.565217391339.495164277445.09718875550.320125406156.5217391304

2400.40733246450.46298795180.50550540150.640.733246450446.298795180750.550540152660

Graficos de ganancia de solidos

t (min)35 C 55Brix35C 65Brix45C 55Brix45 C 65 BRix35 C 55Brix35C 65 Brix45C 55Brix45 C 65 BRix35 C 55Brix35C 65 Brix45C 55Brix45 C 65 BRixt (min)

00000000000000

100000

200000

300.11078660230.10880631330.08067706050.144052173911.078660230510.88063132538.067706051214.405217391311.078660230510.88063132538.067706051214.405217391330

4000001.71672182592.97009317272.70011898470.8904347826

500000

600.12795382060.1385072450.10767825040.152956521712.795382056413.85072449810.767825035915.295652173912.795382056413.85072449810.767825035915.295652173960

70002.22780711982.53755261041.91474843240.9860869565

8000

900.15023189180.16388277110.12682573470.162817391315.023189176216.388277108412.682573468316.281739130415.023189176216.388277108412.682573468316.281739130490

100003.18910933531.61932771080.5477544005-0.4017391304

11000

1200.18212298510.18007604820.13230327870.158818.212298511618.007604819313.230327868915.8818.212298511618.007604819313.230327868915.881200.05

1500.18023021130.17766626510.13287850340.14502608718.023021126317.76662650613.287850343714.502608695718.023021126317.76662650613.287850343714.5026086957150

1800.18301082890.18398551810.14143909120.158747826118.301082893218.398551807214.143909118415.874782608718.301082893218.398551807214.143909118415.8747826087180

2100.18938802390.19377204820.15295328440.172608695718.93880238719.377204819315.295328435417.260869565218.93880238719.377204819315.295328435417.2608695652210

2400.19240506890.1959865060.15973322880.1619.240506893519.598650602415.97332288281619.240506893519.598650602415.973322882816240

Graficos Perdida de Agua

t ( min )35 C 55Brix35 C 65Brix45 C 55Brix45 C 65Brix35 C 55Brix35 C 65Brix45 C 55Brix45 C 65Brix35 C 55Brix35 C 65Brix45 C 55Brix45 C 65Brixt ( min )

00000000000000

100000

200000

300.28836198350.32412765530.30339533620.364419130428.836198347132.412765531130.339533622636.441913043528.836198347132.412765531130.339533622636.441913043530

40000010.090971074410.336052104213.435281995713.9492173913

500000

600.38927169420.42748817640.43774815620.503911304338.927169421542.748817635343.774815618250.391130434838.927169421542.748817635343.774815618250.391130434860

7000006.68332644636.05118236478.59245119318.3316521739

800000

900.45610495870.49413406810.52367266810.587227826145.610495867849.413406813652.367266811358.722782608745.610495867848.852.367266811358.722782608790.5

10000006.32099173557.16785571145.58785249465.3114782609

1100000

1200.5193148760.55967855710.57955119310.640342608751.931487603355.967855711457.955119305964.034260869651.931487603355.967855711457.955119305964.0342608696120

1500.53301074380.5728484970.60159240780.659215652253.301074380257.284849699460.159240780965.921565217453.301074380257.284849699460.159240780965.9215652174150

1800.5454250.59606422850.61489002170.681099130454.542559.606422845761.489002169268.109913043554.542559.606422845761.489002169268.1099130435180

2100.56091983470.61955210420.63020976140.703121739156.091983471161.955210420863.020976138870.31217391356.091983471161.955210420863.020976138870.312173913210

2400.57359834710.6358929860.63798416490.7231657.359834710763.589298597263.798416485972.31657.359834710763.589298597263.798416485972.316240

Graficos Perdida de Agua

t ( min )35 C 55Brix35 C 65Brix45 C 55Brix45 C 65Brix35 C 65Brix

000000

100.15095702480.18178677350.16696160520.20289739130.1817867735

200.23810082640.27552985970.25391822130.28209217390.2755298597

300.28836198350.32412765530.30339533620.36441913040.3241276553

400.32365082640.35697595190.35452819960.39428347830.3569759519

500.36128925620.40079478960.39331388290.46127652170.4007947896

600.38927169420.42748817640.43774815620.50391130430.4274881764

700.41221157020.44069859720.4600702820.54796695650.4406985972

800.4415314050.47327895790.49222798260.57337913040.4732789579

900.45610495870.49413406810.52367266810.58722782610.4941340681

1000.47109896690.52159559120.53679891540.60915652170.5215955912

1100.48876528930.53993306610.55750086770.62607652170.5399330661

1200.5193148760.55967855710.57955119310.64034260870.5596785571

1500.53301074380.5728484970.60159240780.65921565220.572848497

1800.5454250.59606422850.61489002170.68109913040.5960642285

2100.56091983470.61955210420.63020976140.70312173910.6195521042

2400.57359834710.6358929860.63798416490.723160.635892986

Graficos de ganancia de solidos

t (min)35 C 55Brix35C 65 C45C 55Brix35 C 55Brix45 C 65 BRix

000000

100.08851385550.0563442570.04978152150.08851385550.10495652170.056344257

200.10661458260.0974465060.06616815550.10661458260.11069565220.097446506

300.11078660230.10880631330.08067706050.11078660230.14405217390.1088063133

400.12045404350.1144060080.09241772120.12045404350.14126956520.114406008

500.12901370120.13110909240.09656391180.12901370120.15113043480.1311090924

600.12795382060.1385072450.10767825040.12795382060.15295652170.138507245

700.13363406270.14547966270.10924488180.13363406270.16436521740.1454796627

800.14729241550.1571472450.11703341010.14729241550.15713043480.157147245

900.15023189180.16388277110.12682573470.15023189180.16281739130.1638827711

1000.16339107620.16543710840.12573629790.16339107620.16026086960.1654371084

1100.17106742570.17659253010.13485502760.17106742570.15269565220.1765925301

1200.18212298510.18007604820.13230327870.18212298510.15880.1800760482

1500.18023021130.17766626510.13287850340.18023021130.1450260870.1776662651

1800.18301082890.18398551810.14143909120.18301082890.15874782610.1839855181

2100.18938802390.19377204820.15295328440.18938802390.17260869570.1937720482

2400.19240506890.1959865060.15973322880.19240506890.160.195986506

35 C 55Brix

35C 65 Brix

45C 55Brix

45 C 65 Brix

t (min )

Reduccin de Peso ( % )

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

35 C 55Brix

35 C 65Brix

45 C 55Brix

45 C 65Brix

t ( min )

Perdida de agua ( % )

35 C 55Brix

35 C 65Brix

45 C 55Brix

45 C 65Brix

t ( min )

Prdida de agua ( % )

35 C 55Brix

35C 65 Brix

45C 55Brix

45 C 65 BRix

t ( min )

Slidos ganados(%)

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

35 C 55Brix

35C 65Brix

45C 55Brix

45 C 65 BRix

t ( min )

DMs ( g de slidos / g de mango fresco )

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

35 C 55Brix

35 C 65Brix

45 C 55Brix

45 C 65Brix

t ( min )

DMw ( g de H2O/g de mangofresco )

Parmetros de deshidratacin osmtica para los experimentos al vaco.Se determin que el experimento realizado a la temperatura de 45C y a una concentracin de solucin osmtica de 55Brix, fue el que presento las mayores perdidas de agua y menores ganancia de slidos en un periodo de tiempo correspondiente a las dos horas, sin una alteracin excesiva de sus propiedades fsicosqumicas.

Deshidratacin osmtica a presin de vaco y pulso de vaco. [1] t 1 es el tiempo en que el proceso se realiza a presin de vaco[2] t2 es el tiempo en que el proceso se realiza a presin atmosfrica .

PROCESOS DE ESTUDIOPARMETROS VARIABLESPresin absoluta( mbar )t 1[1]( min )t2[2]( min )DOV 8030901403090DOPV 58051151405115DOPV 10801011014010110

EQUIPO DE DESHIDRATACIN OSMTICA AL VACO

Mtodos de evaluacin de procesos osmticos a presin de vaco

Prdidas de agua y ganancia de slidos

Velocidades de prdidas de agua

COEFICIENTES DE DIFUSIN DE AGUA Y DE SLIDOSElaborado por: Elizabeth Huayamave L.

Prdida de peso

Grfico3

17.09401709455

1018.181818181810

16.528925619828.099173553722.3214285714

30.578512396729.914529914523.4234234234

30.4687533.050847457627.9279279279

34.645669291334.18803418829.4642857143

DOPV 5140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t ( min)

Prdida de peso (%)

Hoja1

Pulso de vacio

Prsion 140 mbar = 655 mm de Hg

Pulso de 5

t ( min )PesoLoL2BrixDmMs

01.1710.20

51.171.1580.97140.17094017091.4068376068

301.211.080.79220.3471074384.1636363636

Pulso de 10


01.211.219.200

101.211.150.99180.18181818188.62

301.211.170.87240.280991735511.68

Vacio


01.191.111.198.400

301.191.110.82210.31092436978.82

Prsion 80mbar = 700 mm de Hg

Pulso de 5

t ( min )PesoLoL2BrixDmMS

01.1310.200

51.131.111.0218.80.09734513276.7699115044

301.131.110.8726.40.230088495610.1256637168

Pulso de 10


01.161.161100

101.161.140.97220.16379310347.3965517241

301.161.140.82260.29310344837.3793103448

Vacio


01.221.181.228.400

301.221.180.89240.270491803312.96

Hoja3

DOPV 10 140 mbarvelocidades de perdida de aguavelocidades de ganancia de solidos

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

P5 140P5 80

P5 140P5 80

0-50.0060.360-50.01490.894

0-50.362421.7443.47627573860-50.44926.943.009623095426.945 600.00160.0965 600.00210.126

0.03692.2142.55366027010.06323.7921.43072435593.79260- 1200.00120.07260- 1200.00020.012

30-600.02671.6021.751788662630-600.00550.331.26551880380.33May-300.00270.1620.00210.126

60-900.01450.871.318034306960-900.00360.2161.1579628830.186

90-1200.00440.2641.18627022390-1200.00330.1981.0601565719

60-1200.00940.56460-1200.00310.186

P10 140P10 80

P10 140P10 80

0-100.00580.3480-100.00740.444

0-100.252815.1683.14250207130-100.228113.6862.553660270113.68610 600.00130.07810 600.00130.078

0.04122.4722.31785003320.03291.9741.8951939781.97460-1200.00080.04860-1200.00090.054

30-600.02081.2481.692514808830-600.00910.5461.62191924490.5460.00120.0720.00190.114

60-1200.00880.5281.541942043760-900.00980.5881.32883092690.426P30 140

90-1200.00440.2641.1958717611P30 80

60-1200.00710.426

0-300.00440.2640-300.0040.24

P30 140P30 8030-600.00120.07230-600.00070.042

60-1200.00060.03660-1200.00030.018

0-300.12377.4221.8951939787.4220-300.12247.3442.11138767897.344

30-600.01260.7561.51635631610.75630-600.01851.111.55493101691.11

60-900.00840.5041.26551880380.39660-900.00410.2461.43072435590.366

90-1200.00480.2881.121340687390-1200.00810.4861.1862702237.422

60-1200.00660.39660-1200.00610.3660.756

DOPV 10 140 mbar0.504

DOPV 5 140 mbar0.28880

DOV 140 mbar

ttt

( min )55 Brix65 Brix55 Brix65 BrixhDOPV 5DOPV 10DOV( h )DOPV 5DOPV 10DOV

g/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/h

0-1017.29214.93412.69615.09610521.74526.94

10 203.154.1583.781.8201015.21013.7

20-401.3081.22.1841.8403022.477.4303.791.977.34

40-600.91.21.0981.176060.001.601.250.7660.000.330.5461.11

60-800.90.6781.0980.728090.000.870.60.50490.000.2160.5880.246

80-1200.660.5340.60.3181201200.2640.60.2881200.1980.2640.678

120-2400.1080.150.160.15240

100.16666666675521,744

200.3333333333101015,1680.894

400.666666666730302,2142,4727,422DOPV 10 80 mbar

6016060.0016,0021,2481,248DOPV 5 80 mbar

801.33333333339090.000.870.60.504DOV 80 mbar

12021201200.2640.60.288

2404

Hoja3

000

000

000

000

000

0

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

Humedad libre X ( Kg de H2O/ Kg de solido seco)

Velocidad de secado ( g de H20/h)

pruebas vacio

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

35C 55Brix

35C 65Brix

45C 55Brix

45C 65 Brix

t ( h )

Velocidad de prdida de agua ( Kg de H2O/ Kg de solido seco . h )

Hoja4

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t (min)

Velocidades de prdida de agua ( g de H2O/ g de slido seco. h )

Hoja2

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t (min)


Porosidad

DOPV 10 80 mbar

Pulso de vacio

DOPV 10 140 mbarMw DOPV 10 140 mbarMs DOPV 10 140 mbar

Prsion 140 mbar = 655 mm de HgDOPV 5 140 mbarMw DOPV 5 140 mbarMs DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbarMw DOV 140 mbarMs DOV 140 mbar

Pulso de 5MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialSol inicialHog Agua finalg Solidos Solubles Ggh20/sgHumedadM aguat`0,5Mazucarreduc Peso 0% PersoPerdida agua%G Solidos%agua perdidasolidos ganados

01.179.46.140.9881820.9881820.18685525.28849076720

51.170.979.416.26.1484.4622.3477.660.9881820.1818180.84460.7533020.2166983.47627573860.77660.16955525472.23606797750.1818181.19184019180.17094017.0940170940.200752136820.07521367520.04030769234.03076923080.234880.047165

103.162277660210

301.211.019226.1484.8628.1471.861.0268060.1831940.84860.7257860.2842142.55366027010.71860.2111120435.47722557510.1831941.55143727410.16528916.52892561980.248776859524.87768595040.09363636369.36363636360.301020.113330

601.210.84930.26.1484.8636.3463.661.0268060.1831940.84860.5347440.3052561.75178866260.63660.34509406057.74596669240.1831941.66629911460.30578530.57851239670.406662809940.66628099170.119652892611.96528925620.4920620.1447860

901.280.899376.1484.8643.1456.861.0862080.1937920.84860.5060540.3839461.31803430690.56860.38462397229.48683298050.1937921.98122729520.30468830.468750.453245312545.324531250.16726562516.72656250.5801540.214190

1201.270.83939.66.1484.8645.7454.261.0777220.1922780.84860.4503580.3796421.1862702230.54260.41919770910.95445115010.1922781.9744432540.34645734.64566929130.493987401649.39874015750.168803149616.88031496060.6273640.21438120

1.21833333331.04114480.1868552

1.0890.85078125

g Agua final

Pulso de 10g Agua inicialP 10g Solidos Solubles G

0MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% H1.024386Ho1.0243860.180655.6705563244HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarReducc pesoPerdida agua%G Solidos%agua perdidasolidos ganados

50

101.210.999.2186.1484.6624.1475.861.0243860.1856140.84660.7510140.2389863.14250207130.75860.19127002913.16227766020.1856141.28754296550.181818181818.18181818180.225927272722.59272727270.05527272735.52727272730.2733720.06688

301.210.879.2246.1484.6630.1469.861.0243860.1856140.84660.6077820.2622182.31785003320.69860.29148507975.47722557510.1856141.41270593810.280991735528.09917355370.344300826434.43008264460.08056198358.05619834710.4166040.09748

601.170.829316.1484.8637.1462.860.9928620.1771380.84860.5154520.3045481.69251480880.62860.3462650657.74596669240.1771381.71926972190.299145299129.91452991450.40804273540.80427350430.127264957312.72649572650.477410.1489

901.180.79933.26.1484.8639.3460.661.0013480.1786520.84860.4792140.3107861.54194204370.60660.37549399369.48683298050.1786521.7396166850.330508474633.05084745760.442486440744.24864406780.132271186413.22711864410.5221340.15608

1201.170.779406.1484.8646.1453.860.9928620.1771380.84860.4147220.3552781.16731686170.53860.419324447910.95445115010.1771382.00565660670.341880341934.1880341880.494136752149.41367521370.173247863217.32478632480.578140.2027

1.1881.00716880.1808312

g Agua final

VACIO 30V 30g Solidos Solubles G

0MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.9504320.1695685.6050198151HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarReducc PesoPerdida agua%agua perdidasolidos ganados

00.9504320

301.120.87928.46.1484.8634.5465.460.9504320.1695680.84860.5695020.3004981.8951939780.65460.28862249825.47722557510.1695681.77213861110.223214285722.32142857140.340116071434.01160714290.130607142913.06071428570.380930.14628

601.110.85933.66.1484.8639.7460.260.9419460.1680540.84860.512210.337791.51635631610.60260.32853510777.74596669240.1680542.01000868770.234234234223.42342342340.387149549538.7149549550.167297297316.72972972970.4297360.1857

901.110.89386.1484.8644.1455.860.9419460.1680540.84860.446880.353121.26551880380.55860.3784801879.48683298050.1680542.10122936680.279279279327.92792792790.446005405444.60054054050.183873873918.38738738740.4950660.2041

1201.120.799416.1484.8647.1452.860.9504320.1695680.84860.4175940.3724061.12134068730.52860.403719934610.95445115010.1695682.19620447250.294642857129.46428571430.475748214347.57482142860.199196428619.91964285710.5328380.2231

1.115


Pulso de vacioDOPV 5 80 mbarMw DOPV 5 80 mbarMs DOPV 5 80 mbar


Prsion 80 mbar = 700 mm de Hgsolidos ganados

Pulso de 5g Agua finalg Solidos Solubles G

0MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.9453580.17990645.254721344HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarPerdida agua%agua perdida0

51.131.0210.218.86.1483.6624.9475.060.9453580.1846420.83660.7656120.2543883.00962309540.75060.13307566692.23606797750.1846421.37773637630.09734513279.73451327430.159067256615.90672566370.0676991156.76991150440.07655

103.1622776602010

301.230.948.626.46.1485.2632.5467.461.0486980.1813020.85260.6341240.3058762.07314074980.67460.28737056295.47722557510.1813021.68710769880.235772357723.57723577240.337052032533.7052032520.115756097611.57560975610.4145740.1423830

601.220.848.6386.1485.2644.1455.861.0401720.1798280.85260.4692240.3707761.26551880380.55860.39900841387.74596669240.1798282.06183686630.311475409831.14754098360.467990163946.79901639340.175639344317.56393442620.5709480.2142860

901.220.828.640.26.1485.2646.3453.661.0401720.1798280.85260.4400120.3799881.1579628830.53660.41942329189.48683298050.1798282.11306359410.327868852532.78688524590.491934426249.1934426230.184196721318.41967213110.600160.2247290

1201.180.798.6426.1485.2648.1451.861.0060680.1739320.85260.4096940.3803061.07727461570.51860.430905485110.95445115010.1739322.18652116920.330508474633.05084745760.505401694950.54016949150.195186440719.51864406780.5963740.23032120

1.1961.03377750.1799064


t ( min )MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.9611760.1988244.8343057176HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarPerdida agua%agua perdidasolidos ganados

101.160.9711226.1482.8628.1471.860.9611760.1988240.82860.6970420.2729582.55366027010.71860.18867364863.16227766020.1988241.37286243110.163793103416.37931034480.227701724122.77017241380.07396551727.39655172410.2641340.0858

301.230.98.628.46.1485.2634.5465.461.0486980.1813020.85260.589140.310861.8951939780.65460.31855215515.47722557510.1813021.7145977430.268292682926.82926829270.373624390237.36243902440.12180487812.18048780490.4595580.14982

601.260.898.6326.1485.2638.1461.861.0742760.1857240.85260.5505540.3394461.62191924490.61860.354385227.74596669240.1857241.82769055160.293650793729.36507936510.41565238141.56523809520.14003174614.00317460320.5237220.17644

901.250.878.636.86.1485.2642.9457.061.065750.184250.85260.4964220.3735781.32883092690.57060.38832724229.48683298050.184252.02756037990.30430.40.455462445.546240.17012817.01280.5693280.21266

1201.230.868.639.46.1485.2645.5454.461.0486980.1813020.85260.4683560.3916441.19587176110.54460.402276088810.95445115010.1813022.16017473610.300813008130.0813008130.471822764247.18227642280.189479674818.94796747970.5803420.23306

1.2261.03971960.1862804

Presion de vaciog Agua finalg Solidos Solubles G

t ( min )MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.980490.16951HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarPerdida agua%solidos ganados

05.7842605156

301.150.98.6266.1485.2632.1467.860.980490.169510.85260.610740.289262.11138767890.67860.27412943485.47722557510.169511.70644799720.217391304321.73913043480.321521739132.1521739130.117478260911.7478260870.369750.1351

601.140.798.6336.1485.2639.1460.860.9719640.1680360.85260.4807940.3092061.55493101690.60860.36734345797.74596669240.1680361.84011759380.307017543930.7017543860.430850877243.08508771930.142684210514.26842105260.491170.16266

901.160.778.6356.1485.2641.1458.860.9890160.1709840.85260.4532220.3167781.43072435590.58860.393808599.48683298050.1709841.85267627380.336206896633.62068965520.461891379346.1891379310.146327586214.63275862070.5357940.16974

1201.150.728.639.66.1485.2645.7454.260.980490.169510.85260.3906720.3293281.1862702230.54260.437285936310.95445115010.169511.94282343220.373913043537.39130434780.512885217451.28852173910.161930434816.19304347830.5898180.18622

1.15

0.174

Porosidad

DOPV 5140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t ( min)

Prdida de peso (%)

DOPV 580 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t (min)

Prdida de peso (%)

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV5 140 mbar

"DOPV 10 140mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t (min)

Prdida de agua (%)

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t (min )

Prdida de agua (%)

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5' 140 mbar

DOPV 10140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t^0,5 (min )

Velocidad de difusion de agua

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOv 140 mbar

t^0,5(min )

Velocidad de difusion de slidos

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t^0,5 ( min )


000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t^0,5 (min )

Velocidad de difusion de solidos

Ms DOPV 5 140 mbar

Mw DOPV 5 140 mbar

Ms DOPV 10 140 mbar

Mw DOPV 10 140 mbar

Ms DOV 140 mbar

Mw DOV 140 mbar

t ( min )

DMw ( g de H2O/ g de mango)DMs ( g de slidos/g de mango)

Ms DOPV 5 80 mbar

Mw DOPV 5 80 mbar

Ms DOPV 10 80 mbar

Mw DOPV 10 80 mbar

Ms DOV 80 mbar

Mw DOV 80 mbar

t ( min )

DMw ( g de H2O/g de mango)DMs( g de slidos/ g de mango)

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t ( min )

Solidos ganados (g )

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t ( min )

Slidos ganados (g )

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t ( min )

Humedad libre ( g de H2O/ g de mango fresco )

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t ( min )

Humedad libre (g de H2O/ g de slido seco )

0

0

0

DOPV 10 80 mbar DOPV 5 80 mbar

Resumen




R^2 ajustado0.8919518173


Observaciones6

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Regresin10.01684820380.016848203842.27565107280.0028867545

Residuos40.00159412840.0003985321

Total50.0184423322


Intercepcin-0.05888479060.0219964175-2.67701731620.0554000822-0.11995663630.0021870552-0.11995663630.0021870552

Variable X 10.20523926660.03156569116.50197286010.00288675450.11759885820.29287967510.11759885820.2928796751



10.13041356210.01275919160.7145728527

20.12642833370.00803957630.4502528997

30.1065021913-0.0019869766-0.1112797429

40.0666499065-0.0286990296-1.6072763946

50.0267976217-0.0107126178-0.5999554005

6-0.01305466310.02059985611.1536857857

0.14317275370.9223300971

0.134467910.9029126214

0.10451521460.8058252427

0.03795087690.6116504854

0.01608500390.4174757282

0.0075451930.2233009709

Y

Pronstico para Y

Variable X 1

Y


Pruebas de porosidad

PruebaP(mbar )MoMtrVoXPatmPt / Patm1- Pt/Patm

1801.261.451.04161.2740669550.143172753710300.07766990290.92233009710.155229406615.5229406645

21001.211.391.04161.2851472140.1344679110300.09708737860.90291262140.148926825114.8926825053

32001.271.421.04161.3778780160.104515214610300.19417475730.80582524270.129699603712.969960371

44001.291.341.04161.264873860.037950876910300.38834951460.61165048540.06204667186.2046671811

56001.231.251.04161.19373480.016085003910300.58252427180.41747572820.03852919533.8529195318

68001.221.231.04161.2724146880.00754519310300.77669902910.22330097090.03378934273.3789342714

Calculo de Volumen

PruebaacdVo ( mm )Vo ( cm3 )0.28820.060.017292

110.6510.7111.171274.0669551.2740669550.28826017.292

210.6610.9311.031285.1472141.285147214

310.8810.8811.641377.8780161.377878016

410.6210.7311.11264.873861.26487386

510.710.810.331193.73481.19373480.14317275370.9223300971

610.7210.8210.971272.4146881.2724146880.134467910.9029126214

0.10451521460.8058252427

0.03795087690.6116504854

0.01608500390.4174757282

0.0075451930.2233009709

P ( mbar )

Ee %

1-1/r

Fraccion volumtrica ( Xv)

Grfico4

9.734513274355

1016.379310344810

23.577235772426.829268292721.7391304348

31.147540983629.365079365130.701754386

32.786885245930.433.6206896552

33.050847457630.08130081337.3913043478

DOPV 580 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t (min)

Prdida de peso (%)

Hoja1

Pulso de vacio

Prsion 140 mbar = 655 mm de Hg

Pulso de 5


01.1710.20

51.171.1580.97140.17094017091.4068376068

301.211.080.79220.3471074384.1636363636

Pulso de 10


01.211.219.200

101.211.150.99180.18181818188.62

301.211.170.87240.280991735511.68

Vacio


01.191.111.198.400

301.191.110.82210.31092436978.82

Prsion 80mbar = 700 mm de Hg

Pulso de 5


01.1310.200

51.131.111.0218.80.09734513276.7699115044

301.131.110.8726.40.230088495610.1256637168

Pulso de 10


01.161.161100

101.161.140.97220.16379310347.3965517241

301.161.140.82260.29310344837.3793103448

Vacio


01.221.181.228.400

301.221.180.89240.270491803312.96

Hoja3

DOPV 10 140 mbarvelocidades de perdida de aguavelocidades de ganancia de solidos

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

P5 140P5 80

P5 140P5 80

0-50.0060.360-50.01490.894

0-50.362421.7443.47627573860-50.44926.943.009623095426.945 600.00160.0965 600.00210.126

0.03692.2142.55366027010.06323.7921.43072435593.79260- 1200.00120.07260- 1200.00020.012

30-600.02671.6021.751788662630-600.00550.331.26551880380.33May-300.00270.1620.00210.126

60-900.01450.871.318034306960-900.00360.2161.1579628830.186

90-1200.00440.2641.18627022390-1200.00330.1981.0601565719

60-1200.00940.56460-1200.00310.186

P10 140P10 80

P10 140P10 80

0-100.00580.3480-100.00740.444

0-100.252815.1683.14250207130-100.228113.6862.553660270113.68610 600.00130.07810 600.00130.078

0.04122.4722.31785003320.03291.9741.8951939781.97460-1200.00080.04860-1200.00090.054

30-600.02081.2481.692514808830-600.00910.5461.62191924490.5460.00120.0720.00190.114

60-1200.00880.5281.541942043760-900.00980.5881.32883092690.426P30 140

90-1200.00440.2641.1958717611P30 80

60-1200.00710.426

0-300.00440.2640-300.0040.24

P30 140P30 8030-600.00120.07230-600.00070.042

60-1200.00060.03660-1200.00030.018

0-300.12377.4221.8951939787.4220-300.12247.3442.11138767897.344

30-600.01260.7561.51635631610.75630-600.01851.111.55493101691.11

60-900.00840.5041.26551880380.39660-900.00410.2461.43072435590.366

90-1200.00480.2881.121340687390-1200.00810.4861.1862702237.422

60-1200.00660.39660-1200.00610.3660.756

DOPV 10 140 mbar0.504

DOPV 5 140 mbar0.28880

DOV 140 mbar

ttt

( min )55 Brix65 Brix55 Brix65 BrixhDOPV 5DOPV 10DOV( h )DOPV 5DOPV 10DOV

g/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/hg/h

0-1017.29214.93412.69615.09610521.74526.94

10 203.154.1583.781.8201015.21013.7

20-401.3081.22.1841.8403022.477.4303.791.977.34

40-600.91.21.0981.176060.001.601.250.7660.000.330.5461.11

60-800.90.6781.0980.728090.000.870.60.50490.000.2160.5880.246

80-1200.660.5340.60.3181201200.2640.60.2881200.1980.2640.678

120-2400.1080.150.160.15240

100.16666666675521,744

200.3333333333101015,1680.894

400.666666666730302,2142,4727,422DOPV 10 80 mbar

6016060.0016,0021,2481,248DOPV 5 80 mbar

801.33333333339090.000.870.60.504DOV 80 mbar

12021201200.2640.60.288

2404

Hoja3

000

000

000

000

000

0

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

Humedad libre X ( Kg de H2O/ Kg de solido seco)

Velocidad de secado ( g de H20/h)

pruebas vacio

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

35C 55Brix

35C 65Brix

45C 55Brix

45C 65 Brix

t ( h )

Velocidad de prdida de agua ( Kg de H2O/ Kg de solido seco . h )

Hoja4

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t (min)


Hoja2

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t (min)


Porosidad

DOPV 10 80 mbar

Pulso de vacio


Prsion 140 mbar = 655 mm de HgDOPV 5 140 mbarMw DOPV 5 140 mbarMs DOPV 5 140 mbar


Pulso de 5MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialSol inicialHog Agua finalg Solidos Solubles Ggh20/sgHumedadM aguat`0,5Mazucarreduc Peso 0% PersoPerdida agua%G Solidos%agua perdidasolidos ganados

01.179.46.140.9881820.9881820.18685525.28849076720

51.170.979.416.26.1484.4622.3477.660.9881820.1818180.84460.7533020.2166983.47627573860.77660.16955525472.23606797750.1818181.19184019180.17094017.0940170940.200752136820.07521367520.04030769234.03076923080.234880.047165

103.162277660210

301.211.019226.1484.8628.1471.861.0268060.1831940.84860.7257860.2842142.55366027010.71860.2111120435.47722557510.1831941.55143727410.16528916.52892561980.248776859524.87768595040.09363636369.36363636360.301020.113330

601.210.84930.26.1484.8636.3463.661.0268060.1831940.84860.5347440.3052561.75178866260.63660.34509406057.74596669240.1831941.66629911460.30578530.57851239670.406662809940.66628099170.119652892611.96528925620.4920620.1447860

901.280.899376.1484.8643.1456.861.0862080.1937920.84860.5060540.3839461.31803430690.56860.38462397229.48683298050.1937921.98122729520.30468830.468750.453245312545.324531250.16726562516.72656250.5801540.214190

1201.270.83939.66.1484.8645.7454.261.0777220.1922780.84860.4503580.3796421.1862702230.54260.41919770910.95445115010.1922781.9744432540.34645734.64566929130.493987401649.39874015750.168803149616.88031496060.6273640.21438120

1.21833333331.04114480.1868552

1.0890.85078125

g Agua final

Pulso de 10g Agua inicialP 10g Solidos Solubles G

0MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% H1.024386Ho1.0243860.180655.6705563244HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarReducc pesoPerdida agua%G Solidos%agua perdidasolidos ganados

50

101.210.999.2186.1484.6624.1475.861.0243860.1856140.84660.7510140.2389863.14250207130.75860.19127002913.16227766020.1856141.28754296550.181818181818.18181818180.225927272722.59272727270.05527272735.52727272730.2733720.06688

301.210.879.2246.1484.6630.1469.861.0243860.1856140.84660.6077820.2622182.31785003320.69860.29148507975.47722557510.1856141.41270593810.280991735528.09917355370.344300826434.43008264460.08056198358.05619834710.4166040.09748

601.170.829316.1484.8637.1462.860.9928620.1771380.84860.5154520.3045481.69251480880.62860.3462650657.74596669240.1771381.71926972190.299145299129.91452991450.40804273540.80427350430.127264957312.72649572650.477410.1489

901.180.79933.26.1484.8639.3460.661.0013480.1786520.84860.4792140.3107861.54194204370.60660.37549399369.48683298050.1786521.7396166850.330508474633.05084745760.442486440744.24864406780.132271186413.22711864410.5221340.15608

1201.170.779406.1484.8646.1453.860.9928620.1771380.84860.4147220.3552781.16731686170.53860.419324447910.95445115010.1771382.00565660670.341880341934.1880341880.494136752149.41367521370.173247863217.32478632480.578140.2027

1.1881.00716880.1808312

g Agua final

VACIO 30V 30g Solidos Solubles G

0MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.9504320.1695685.6050198151HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarReducc PesoPerdida agua%agua perdidasolidos ganados

00.9504320

301.120.87928.46.1484.8634.5465.460.9504320.1695680.84860.5695020.3004981.8951939780.65460.28862249825.47722557510.1695681.77213861110.223214285722.32142857140.340116071434.01160714290.130607142913.06071428570.380930.14628

601.110.85933.66.1484.8639.7460.260.9419460.1680540.84860.512210.337791.51635631610.60260.32853510777.74596669240.1680542.01000868770.234234234223.42342342340.387149549538.7149549550.167297297316.72972972970.4297360.1857

901.110.89386.1484.8644.1455.860.9419460.1680540.84860.446880.353121.26551880380.55860.3784801879.48683298050.1680542.10122936680.279279279327.92792792790.446005405444.60054054050.183873873918.38738738740.4950660.2041

1201.120.799416.1484.8647.1452.860.9504320.1695680.84860.4175940.3724061.12134068730.52860.403719934610.95445115010.1695682.19620447250.294642857129.46428571430.475748214347.57482142860.199196428619.91964285710.5328380.2231

1.115


Pulso de vacioDOPV 5 80 mbarMw DOPV 5 80 mbarMs DOPV 5 80 mbar


Prsion 80 mbar = 700 mm de Hgsolidos ganados


0MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.9453580.17990645.254721344HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarPerdida agua%agua perdida0

51.131.0210.218.86.1483.6624.9475.060.9453580.1846420.83660.7656120.2543883.00962309540.75060.13307566692.23606797750.1846421.37773637630.09734513279.73451327430.159067256615.90672566370.0676991156.76991150440.07655

103.1622776602010

301.230.948.626.46.1485.2632.5467.461.0486980.1813020.85260.6341240.3058762.07314074980.67460.28737056295.47722557510.1813021.68710769880.235772357723.57723577240.337052032533.7052032520.115756097611.57560975610.4145740.1423830

601.220.848.6386.1485.2644.1455.861.0401720.1798280.85260.4692240.3707761.26551880380.55860.39900841387.74596669240.1798282.06183686630.311475409831.14754098360.467990163946.79901639340.175639344317.56393442620.5709480.2142860

901.220.828.640.26.1485.2646.3453.661.0401720.1798280.85260.4400120.3799881.1579628830.53660.41942329189.48683298050.1798282.11306359410.327868852532.78688524590.491934426249.1934426230.184196721318.41967213110.600160.2247290

1201.180.798.6426.1485.2648.1451.861.0060680.1739320.85260.4096940.3803061.07727461570.51860.430905485110.95445115010.1739322.18652116920.330508474633.05084745760.505401694950.54016949150.195186440719.51864406780.5963740.23032120

1.1961.03377750.1799064


t ( min )MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.9611760.1988244.8343057176HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarPerdida agua%agua perdidasolidos ganados

101.160.9711226.1482.8628.1471.860.9611760.1988240.82860.6970420.2729582.55366027010.71860.18867364863.16227766020.1988241.37286243110.163793103416.37931034480.227701724122.77017241380.07396551727.39655172410.2641340.0858

301.230.98.628.46.1485.2634.5465.461.0486980.1813020.85260.589140.310861.8951939780.65460.31855215515.47722557510.1813021.7145977430.268292682926.82926829270.373624390237.36243902440.12180487812.18048780490.4595580.14982

601.260.898.6326.1485.2638.1461.861.0742760.1857240.85260.5505540.3394461.62191924490.61860.354385227.74596669240.1857241.82769055160.293650793729.36507936510.41565238141.56523809520.14003174614.00317460320.5237220.17644

901.250.878.636.86.1485.2642.9457.061.065750.184250.85260.4964220.3735781.32883092690.57060.38832724229.48683298050.184252.02756037990.30430.40.455462445.546240.17012817.01280.5693280.21266

1201.230.868.639.46.1485.2645.5454.461.0486980.1813020.85260.4683560.3916441.19587176110.54460.402276088810.95445115010.1813022.16017473610.300813008130.0813008130.471822764247.18227642280.189479674818.94796747970.5803420.23306

1.2261.03971960.1862804

Presion de vaciog Agua finalg Solidos Solubles G

t ( min )MoMfBrix oBrix fSI% H o% ST% Hg Agua inicialHo0.980490.16951HumedadM aguat`0,5MazucarPerdida agua%solidos ganados

05.7842605156

301.150.98.6266.1485.2632.1467.860.980490.169510.85260.610740.289262.11138767890.67860.27412943485.47722557510.169511.70644799720.217391304321.73913043480.321521739132.1521739130.117478260911.7478260870.369750.1351

601.140.798.6336.1485.2639.1460.860.9719640.1680360.85260.4807940.3092061.55493101690.60860.36734345797.74596669240.1680361.84011759380.307017543930.7017543860.430850877243.08508771930.142684210514.26842105260.491170.16266

901.160.778.6356.1485.2641.1458.860.9890160.1709840.85260.4532220.3167781.43072435590.58860.393808599.48683298050.1709841.85267627380.336206896633.62068965520.461891379346.1891379310.146327586214.63275862070.5357940.16974

1201.150.728.639.66.1485.2645.7454.260.980490.169510.85260.3906720.3293281.1862702230.54260.437285936310.95445115010.169511.94282343220.373913043537.39130434780.512885217451.28852173910.161930434816.19304347830.5898180.18622

1.15

0.174

Porosidad

DOPV 5140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t ( min)

Prdida de peso (%)

DOPV 580 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t (min)

Prdida de peso (%)

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV5 140 mbar

"DOPV 10 140mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t (min)

Prdida de agua (%)

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t (min )

Prdida de agua (%)

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5' 140 mbar

DOPV 10140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t^0,5 (min )


DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOv 140 mbar

t^0,5(min )

Velocidad de difusion de slidos

000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t^0,5 ( min )


000

000

000

000

000

000

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t^0,5 (min )

Velocidad de difusion de solidos

Ms DOPV 5 140 mbar

Mw DOPV 5 140 mbar

Ms DOPV 10 140 mbar

Mw DOPV 10 140 mbar

Ms DOV 140 mbar

Mw DOV 140 mbar

t ( min )

DMw ( g de H2O/ g de mango)DMs ( g de slidos/g de mango)

Ms DOPV 5 80 mbar

Mw DOPV 5 80 mbar

Ms DOPV 10 80 mbar

Mw DOPV 10 80 mbar

Ms DOV 80 mbar

Mw DOV 80 mbar

t ( min )

DMw ( g de H2O/g de mango)DMs( g de slidos/ g de mango)

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t ( min )

Solidos ganados (g )

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t ( min )

Slidos ganados (g )

DOPV 5 140 mbar

DOPV 10 140 mbar

DOV 140 mbar

t ( min )

Humedad libre ( g de H2O/ g de mango fresco )

DOPV 5 80 mbar

DOPV 10 80 mbar

DOV 80 mbar

t ( min )

Humedad libre (g de H2O/ g de slido seco )

0

0

0

DOPV 10 80 mbar DOPV 5 80 mbar

Resumen




R^2 ajustado0.8919518173


Observaciones6

ANLISIS DE VARIANZA


Regresin10.01684820380.016848203842.27565107280.0028867545

Residuos40.00159412840.0003985321

Total50.0184423322


Intercepcin-0.05888479060.0219964175-2.67701731620.0554000822-0.11995663630.0021870552-0.11995663630.0021870552

Variable X 10.20523926660.03156569116.50197286010.00288675450.11759885820.29287967510.11759885820.2928796751



10.13041356210.01275919160.7145728527

20.12642833370.00803957630.4502528997

30.1065021913-0.0019869766-0.1112797429

40.0666499065-0.0286990296-1.6072763946

50.0267976217-0.0107126178-0.5999554005

6-0.01305466310.02059985611.1536857857

0.14317275370.9223300971

0.134467910.9029126214

0.10451521460.8058252427

0.03795087690.6116504854

0.01608500390.4174757282

0.0075451930.2233009709

Y

Pronstico para Y

Variable X 1

Y


Pruebas de porosidad

PruebaP(mbar )MoMtrVoXPatmPt / Patm1- Pt/Patm

1801.261.451.04161.2740669550.143172753710300.07766990290.92233009710.155229406615.5229406645

21001.211.391.04161.2851472140.1344679110300.09708737860.90291262140.148926825114.8926825053

32001.271.421.04161.3778780160.104515214610300.19417475730.80582524270.129699603712.969960371

44001.291.341.04161.264873860.037950876910300.38834951460.61165048540.06204667186.2046671811

56001.231.251.04161.19373480.016085003910300.58252427180.41747572820.03852919533.8529195318

68001.221.231.04161.2724146880.00754519310300.77669902910.22330097090.03378934273.3789342714

Calculo de Volumen

PruebaacdVo ( mm )Vo ( cm3 )0.28820.060.017292

110.6510.7111.171274.0669551.2740669550.28826017.292

210.6610.9311.031285.1472141.285147214

310.8810.8811.641377.8780161.377878016

410.6210.7311.11264.873861.26487386

510.710.810.331193.73481.19373480.14317275370.9223300971

610.7210.8210.971272.4146881.2724146880.134467910.9029126214

0.10451521460.8058252427

0.03795087690.6116504854

0.01608500390.4174757282

0.0075451930.2233009709

P ( mbar )

Ee %

1-1/r

Fraccion volumtrica ( Xv)

Actividad de agua

Medicin de la firmeza

Firmeza en los experimentos de deshidratacin osmtica al vaco

Determinacin de la Porosidad del mangoLa porosidad efectiva (e), esta definida como la fraccin volumtrica de gas en los tejidos de la fruta en comparacin con el volumen total de la fruta.

El gas dentro del tejido de la fruta obstruye el camino para que ocurra la transferencia de masa, pues no permite el contacto entre el alimento y la solucin osmtica, por lo tanto, cuando las frutas son inmersas en una solucin de azcar, el proceso de osmosis se ver influenciado por la porosidad de las mismas.

El mango Tommy Atkins que se produce en el Ecuador , posee una matriz porosa ocupada en un 21 % por gas, el cual puede ser sustituido por la solucin osmtica en los tratamientos de vaco. De esta manera la porosidad efectiva indicara que tan conveniente es para una fruta aplicarle tratamientos de deshidratacin osmtica al vaco.

COEFICIENTES DE POROSIDAD PARA EL MANGO TOMY ATKINKS CULTIVADO EN EL ECUADOR

ESQUEMA DEL SISTEMA DE DESHIDRATACION OSMOTICA AL VACO

Sistema de deshidratacin osmtica al vaco

CONCLUSIONESLa aplicacin de presiones de vaco durante la deshidratacin osmtica tuvo una importante influencia sobre la transferencia de masa, debido al efecto del mecanismo hidrodinmico.

La principal ventaja que se observ en la deshidratacin osmtica efectuada a presiones de vaco en comparacin al proceso realizado a presin atmosfrica, fue las altas velocidades de difusin del agua, que se presentaron en los experimentos realizados bajo condiciones de vaco.

En cuanto el efecto de la magnitud de la presin de vaco se determin que mientras mayor sea la presin de vaco que se aplique, las prdidas de agua sern ms mayores .El tiempo de aplicacin de vaco no tiene un efecto representativo en las prdidas de agua, puesto que se observaron similares prdidas de agua aplicar dos pulsos de vaco diferentes y la presin de vaco por 30 minutos . Por lo tanto, la al deshidratacin osmtica a pulsos de vaco por 5 minutos es entonces la que ofrece las mayores ventajas, ya que se obtienen similares prdidas de agua que en los otros tratamientos, con el mayor ahorro de energa.

La porosidad efectiva puede ser usada como un indicador de la conveniencia de someter una fruta a un tratamiento de vaco. Las frutas que presenten una alta porosidad sern las ms compatibles para ser tratadas bajo condiciones de vaco durante la deshidratacin osmtica, puesto que ser ms fcil la remocin de gas y la introduccin de la solucin osmtica.

La desventaja que presenta este proceso de deshidratacin osmtica bajo presiones de vaco, es el alto costo de la implementacin del equipo

RECOMENDACIONES Es necesario continuar los estudios de deshidratacin osmtica al vaco, en otras frutas y vegetales caractersticos de nuestro pas, con el fin de aprovechar los excedentes de las exportaciones y desarrollar productos de mejor calidad.El equipo que se desarrollo para la realizacin del presente estudio puede servir para el estudio del proceso de impregnacin al vaco, que es la tcnica que se utiliza para el desarrollo de los alimentos funcionales, es decir alimentos procesados que contienen ingredientes que ayudan a funciones especificas del organismo, como pueden ser vitaminas y minerales.

Estudio Del Efecto de La Presión 2

Documents

Transcript of Estudio Del Efecto de La Presión 2