Fireguide Final Equip
Transcript of Fireguide Final Equip
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment
table of contents
daily inspections ................... 3annual vehicle services ............ 4fire hydrants ........................... 5pump tips ............................... 6mark III pump ......................... 7mark III troubleshooting ....... 10fuel mix ratios ........................ 13compass ................................. 14
water handling equipment .... 16chainsaw troubleshooting .... 18mechanics info ...................... 19
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SANTA FE COUNTY FIRE EQUIPMENT
daily inspections
Engine boss should have appropriate daily inspection checklists
Daily inspections mean EVERY DAY. This means on a fire as well
Air Cleaner: (vehicle and pump) These need to be inspected/changed dailydepending on use. Check mounting brackets, inlet hose connections, and fittings.Inspect gasket and sealing surface areas
Do not forget grease fittings on the pump and hose reels. Do not over lubricate thepump head.
Fill out a work order for the Fleet Mechanics for the vehicle's service:
3000 miles for gas engines and5000 miles for diesel engines
Oil and filter changeLubricationFluids check
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annual vehicle services
must be performed at the beginning and end of eachseason.
pre-inspection road test: drive the vehicle and check brakes,parking brakes, steering, starter, transmission, clutch, and gauges fornoises or problems
wheel bearings and hubs: check wheel seals for leaks or damage.Perform any manufacturer maintenance
axles and differentials: check proper level, leaks, damage andchange fluid, if needed
transfer case and transmission: check level, leaks, damage andchange fluid, if needed
drive lines and U joints: clean, inspect and lubricate
steering components: check fluid levels, lubricate, check for leaksand damage
brakes: examine brake lining and drums, pads and rotors, wheelcylinders, master cylinder, brake booster, lines and cables. Ifapplicable, check air compressor, hoses, lines, belts, S cam shaft,
and bushings for wear. Repair as needed
engine/vehicle general condition: check engine, pump and chassisfor overall condition. Remove dirt and oil buildup. Remove seeds, dirt,weeds. If it isn't working properly, it's broke, or it looks bad, fix it.
cooling system: examine radiator, hose connections, coolantrecovery tank and water pump for leaks. Check fan belt for wear andadjustment. Clean external radiator core of any dirt and debris. Checkcondition of coolant. Change if needed.
frame and suspension: visually inspect springs, mounts, shocks,hanger and repair as needed
exhaust system: visually inspect.
air conditioning system: recharge if needed. Check owner's manualfor additional services.
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 5
fire hydrants
steps to refill engine using a hydrant:
caution: always treat a hydrant with extreme caution.
Make sure hydrant is closed before removing caps. NEVER standdirectly above (body over top of hydrant) or in front of hydrant capswhen removing or turning caps, fittings and valves
Attach thread adapter and reducers as needed
Attach 1 1/2" Ball Valve or 1 1/2" Gated Wye
Slowly open hydrant completely using 5-sided hydrant wrench
Slightly open ball valve or gated wye to bleed off any rust, debris or air
Close ball valve or gated wye
Attach anti-siphon device to hydrant using appropriate hose and
fittings. If not available, use the air gap method
Slowly open the ball valve or gated wye and fill engine
Slowly close ball valve or gated wye
Close hydrant valve. DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN
Remove all fittings and devices and recap hydrant.
air gap method
Never insert the fill hose into the tank. Always maintain the air gap, meaning thereshould always be an open flow of water between the hose and the rising level ofwater.
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pump tips
It takes 1psi to raise water 2 feet
Place pump as close to water source as possible
Protect the pump from sand, gravel or dirt by using a screen protectoror putting the foot valve in a collapsible bucket
Use a "Check and bleeder valve" near the pump on the discharge side,especially when pumping uphill
Protect streams and water sources from gas, oil and foam when usingpumps. Build a containment dam around the pump to contain spills
Gravity is the most trouble-free, yet most overlooked water deliverysystem
rules of thumb
The bigger the nozzle, the greater the friction loss and the greater therate of flow of water
Friction loss is greatest for 3/4" hose, less for 1" hose and least for1-1/2" hose
The minimum effective stream of water for firefighting purposes is 25psi at the nozzle.
pump pressure = friction loss + nozzle pressure
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 7
mark III pump
instructions:engine lube and fuel24:1 ratio. Thoroughly mix and shake can before pouring into pump
to start pump:
Attach quick connect fuel line to fuel can
Attach other end of the fuel line to Mark III pump fuel port
Open air vent on fuel can
Connect foot valve strainer to suction hose. Fill suction hose with wateand connect to pump intake side. Use spanner to tighten the suctionhose.
Be sure foot valve is submerged in water so it is not sucking air. Ifneeded, place a shovel or bucket underneath foot valve where it rests.
Check foot valve often and remove moss or debris that can collect onthe foot valve. Do not lift foot valve out of water while pump is running.
Fill pump with water, then replace priming cap; tighten firmly
Connect discharge hose, nozzles, etc. to pump. Remember, hand tighonly on the discharge side.
SETUP... From the discharge outlet:
Short piece 1 1/2" hose to
Check and bleeder valve to
1 1/2" gated wye to
one side of wye connect hand primer, other side is beginning ofhose lay
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Close choke shutter if engine is cold
Move throttle lever to START AND WARM-UP position
Give starter rope several quick, steady pulls
Open choke slowly when engine starts - allow engine to warm up 1-2minutes before full throttle
to stop pump:
Move throttle lever to STOP position
Allow pump to run for approximately 1 minute with the throttle in STOPposition
Press and hold the stop switch until engine is fully stopped
To fully purge fuel line and pump of remaining fuel, disconnect the quickconnect fuel line from the fuel can and allow pump to run and exhaustitself of the remaining fuel in the line. Should only need to be done at
the end of a shift or assignment
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 9
important things to remember
Do not run engine at full speed until properly warmed up.
Do not run engine with pump disconnected. Do not run pump without water.
Do not use suction hose without the foot valve strainer.
Do not run pump at half speed, if less pressure is needed,adjust with bleeder valve.
floodingTo clear a flooded engine, close fuel supply valve, remove spark plug and rest it ontop of cylinder head with ignition cable attached. Then with both choke and throttlein the fully open position, pull starter rope several times until excess fuel isexhausted. Before reinstalling spark plug, clean and dry.
automatic cutout switchThis device will stop the engine instantly and thereby eliminate overspeeding
whenever the pump runs out of water or is improperly primed, etc. If the switchcuts out during normal operation, always find the cause first before resetting.Some symptoms of this could be:
not primed properly,sucking air through a loose intake connection,foot valve clogged with debris, etc.
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MARK III TROUBLESHOOTING CHARTA Engine doesn't start E Doesn't develop
normal powerB Starts momentarily, F Overheatsthen stops
C Runs irregularly or misses G BackfiresD Does not idle properly
A B C D E F G POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY
X X Fuel supply tank empty Refill tank
X X Fuel supply valve closed Open supply valve
X X Air vent on fuel tank closed Open air vent
X X X Defective fuel supply hose Replace
X X XDirty fuel strainer screen Remove and clean, or
replace
X X X Leak in fuel supply system Tighten or replace fittings
X X X X X Carburetor mounting loose Tighten mountings
X X X Water or dirt in fuel system Drain, flush thoroughly
X X
Engine flooded Close fuel valve, removespark plug, open choke &throttle, pull until excessgas exhausted **
X X XWrong gas in fuel mixture Drain, flush thoroughly,
replace **
X XWrong oil in fuel mixture Drain, flush thoroughly,
replace **
X XNot enough oil in fuel mix Drain, replace with correct
mix **
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 1
X X X X X XToo much oil in fuel mix Drain, replace with correct
mix **
Engine not warmed up Allow longer warmer uptime
X X Air filter dirty Remove, clean in gasoline
X XIdle mixture screwmaladjusted
Close idle screw, then turn counter-clockwise toreset **
X X X X X X XSpark plug fouled ordefective
Clean or replace
XNo spark Check stop switch or
broken cable points **
XStop switch or cableshorted
Check switch and/orreplace **
X X X X X XWeak or intermittent spark Check points, coil and
condenser **
X X X X Breaker points worn or dirty Clean and/or replace
X X Defective condenser Check or replace **
X X X X Wrong type spark plug Plug must have 1/8 gap
X X X X XIgnition timing incorrect Inspect points, clean or
replace **
X X X Excessive carbon deposits Clean or replace muffler **
X X Cooling system dirty Clean fan housing
X X Muffler blocked or dirty Replace
X X
Main adjustment screwmaladjusted
Close main adjustmentscrew, then turn 1 turnscounter-clockwise to reset**
** Pump may need additional work, refer to manual
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notes
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 13
fuel mix ratios
Formula:# of oz of fuel / ratio of oil = oz of oil to mixie: 128oz fuel / 24 = 5.5oz oil per 1 gal of fuel for 24:1ratio
16:1 24:1 32:1 40:1 50:1
US GALS Ounces of Oil
1 8.0 5.5 4.0 3.0 2.5
2 16.0 10.5 8.0 6.5 5.0
3 24.0 16.0 12.0 9.5 7.5
4 32.0 21.5 16.0 13.0 10.0
5 40.0 26.5 20.0 16.0 13.0
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compass
orienting to a map
When comparing a map to the ground it represents, it is useful to align the mapwith the ground features. Orienting the map makes it easier to identify distantfeatures. Using a compass makes orienting a map easy.
First set the compass to north
Turn yourself, the map, and the compass until you are roughly facingnorth
Align the edge of the compass with the north arrow on the map
Slowly turn the map and compass until both are pointing north
following a straight line
The compass is used to follow a straight line through the woods. It is applied totracing a boundary line, or finding a property corner, making a sketch map, orconducting a forest inventory. Being able to follow a course through the forest canhelp you move quickly from one place to another.
Set the declination on the compass Rotate the bezel of the compass until it aligns with the bearing that you
would like to travel
Holding the compass level at eye level, tilt the sighting mirror until youcan see the face of the compass, roughly 45 degrees in the mirror.
Use the guide line on the sighting mirror to align the sight with the indexmarks on the compass base. The guide should pass the center of thepivot point for the needle
Slowly rotate yourself and the compass until the needle aligns with the
arrow printed on the bezel Check your alignment one more time and sight through the notch at the
top of the sighting mirror to some recognizable object
Walk to that object and repeat the process
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 15
triangulation
The compass can also be used to accurately locate your current position on a mapUsing triangulation you sight two or more objects that are identifiable on the map,and visible from the ground. Mountain tops, radio towers or other distinct featureswork well.
Orient your map as described above.
Identify at least 2 prominent land marks on the map and visible from theground
Align your compass as described above sighting the landmark. This
time, instead of turning yourself and the compass, turn the bezel toalign the needle with the arrow
Read the bearing to the landmark
Open the mirror all the way and place the compass on the map
Set the left or right edge of the compass base on the landmark on themap
Turn the entire compass until the needle aligns with the guide
After checking your alignment, draw a line on the map through thelandmark and past the point on the map where you think you are
Repeat this procedure with the other landmark The intersection of the lines is your position
declination
Declination represents the difference between true north, and magnetic north.True north and magnetic north are about 1300 miles apart. Magnetic north
translates to a difference of 10.5 degrees east of true north in southern NewMexico and to 11.5 degrees in northern New Mexico. The easiest way to adjust fodeclination is to use a compass that has a mechanical adjustment feature built in.Otherwise you should draw a sketch of the declination for reference.
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water handling equipment for a 1 mile hose lay
QUANTITY ITEMDESCRIPTION
REMARKS
2 Mark III pump kits
20 gal Pump gas
53 rolls 1 1/2 hose
27 rolls 1 hose
30 1 1/2 gated wye
30 1 1/2 to 1reducers
30 Forestry nozzles
3 Hose clamps
Mopup kits As needed
Wet water or foam As needed
Inline Ts As needed
Port-a-tanks /blivets
As needed
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 17
extra items to be ordered if garden hose needed:
QUANTITY ITEMDESCRIP
TION
REMARKS
60 rolls 3/4 hose
30 1 gatedwyes
As needed
30 1 to 3/4reducers
30 3/4nozzles
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chainsaw troubleshooting checklist
chain won't turn check for: Chain brake engaged
Chain tension too tight
Burred drive links
Pinched bar groove
Chain off sprocket
Bar sprocket nose frozen
Inadequate bar/chain oil
Debris in bar groove or sprocket
chainsaw won't start check for:
Ignition switch on
Saw gas in fuel tank
Choke on / saw flooded
Air filter clean
Plug wire on
Plug clean, gapped and has spark
Exhaust screen clean
cutting crooked check for:
Low rakers on one side
Cutters filed differently
Damage to rakers on one side of chain
Uneven bar rails
slow cutting check for:
Chain on backwards
Dull chain
Rakers too high
Clutch slipping
Bar groove too wide
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WILDLAND FIRE GUIDE equipment 19
fleet manager phone numbers
dennis patty (c44) 505.690.7648
clyde hill (c41) 505.690.7649
gene brommer (c42) 505.690.9363
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notes